Academic literature on the topic 'Mean-end chain theory'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mean-end chain theory"
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Cao, Jing, Zuowei Wang, and Alexei Likhtman. "Determining Tube Theory Parameters by Slip-Spring Model Simulations of Entangled Star Polymers in Fixed Networks." Polymers 11, no. 3 (2019): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030496.
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Dynamical properties of branched polymer melts are determined by the polymer molecular weights and architectures containing junction points. Relaxation of entangled symmetric star polymers proceeds via arm-retraction and constraint release (CR). In this work, we investigate arm-retraction dynamics in the framework of a single-chain slip-spring model without CR effect where entanglements are treated as binary contacts, conveniently modeled as virtual “slip-links”, each involving two neighboring strands. The model systems are analogous to isolated star polymers confined in a permanent network or a melt of very long linear polymers. We find that the distributions of the effective primitive path lengths are Gaussian, from which the entanglement molecular weight N e , a key tube theory parameter, can be extracted. The procured N e value is in good agreement with that obtained from mapping the middle monomer mean-square displacements of entangled linear chains in slip-spring model to the tube model prediction. Furthermore, the mean first-passage (FP) times of destruction of original tube segments by the retracting arm end are collected in simulations and examined quantitatively using a theory recently developed in our group for describing FP problems of one-dimensional Rouse chains with improbable extensions. The asymptotic values of N e as obtained from the static (primitive path length) and dynamical (FP time) analysis are consistent with each other. Additionally, we manage to determine the tube survival function of star arms μ ( t ) , or equivalently arm end-to-end vector relaxation function ϕ ( t ) , through the mean FP time spectrum τ ( s ) of the tube segments after careful consideration of the inner-most entanglements, which shows reasonably good agreement with experimental data on dielectric relaxation.
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KUNSOMBAT, CH, and V. SA-YAKANIT. "PATH INTEGRAL APPROACH TO A SINGLE POLYMER CHAIN WITH RANDOM MEDIA." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 10n11 (2004): 1465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204024781.
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In this paper we consider the problem of a polymer chain in random media with finite correlation. We show that the mean square end-to-end distance of a polymer chain can be obtained using the Feynman path integral developed by Feynman for treating the polaron problem and successfuly applied to the theory of heavily doped semiconductor. We show that for short-range correlation or the white Gaussian model we derive the results obtained by Edwards and Muthukumar using the replica method and for long-range correlation we obtain the result of Yohannes Shiferaw and Yadin Y. Goldschimidt. The main idea of this paper is to generalize the model proposed by Edwards and Muthukumar for short-range correlation to finite correlation. Instead of using a replica method, we employ the Feynman path integral by modeling the polymer Hamiltonian as a model of non-local quadratic trial Hamiltonian. This non-local trial Hamiltonian is essential as it will reflect the translation invariant of the original Hamiltonian. The calculation is proceeded by considering the differences between the polymer propagator and the trial propagator as the first cumulant approximation. The variational principle is used to find the optimal values of the variational parameters and the mean square end-to-end distance is obtained. Several asymptotic limits are considered and a comparison between this approaches and replica approach will be discussed.
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Xuan, Le Thi Thanh, Le Hoai Kieu Giang, and Tran Huynh Trang. "Obstacles preventing farmers from participate agricultural cooperatives in Vietnam - A study employing mean-end chain theory and laddering interview approach." HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 13, no. 1 (2022): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.econ.en.13.1.2179.2023.
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Vietnam is a high-populated country with more than 65% of the population doing farming jobs. This is one of the reasons explaining why farmer cooperatives have become one significant economical component in the Vietnamese economy. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of farmer cooperatives is really critical. However, the literature on farmer cooperatives in Vietnam is meager to understand the manner of its operations or promote this economical component. The system of farmer cooperatives in Vietnam has increasingly contributed to the GDP of Vietnam. In 2020, it contributed to GDP directly and indirectly at 4.8% and 30%, respectively. However, only 30% of farmer cooperatives are operating effectively; and there are many farmers who still do not want to participate in agricultural cooperatives. Hence, this study aims to explore farmers’ perceptions of agricultural cooperative characteristics preventing them from participating. The method employed to conduct this study is the mean-end chain approach and a total of 20 farmers and 02 representatives of cooperatives were interviewed by soft-laddering interview technique. The research findings show that there are 14 attributes (characteristics of a cooperative system), through 11 consequences, leading to 06 (farmers’) values. The findings can explain clearly the reasons preventing farmers from participating in agricultural cooperatives. Found (farmers’) values can help policymakers and management of cooperatives change/adjust manners to attract farmers and promote farmer cooperatives.
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Chelakkot, Raghunath, Arvind Gopinath, L. Mahadevan, and Michael F. Hagan. "Flagellar dynamics of a connected chain of active, polar, Brownian particles." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, no. 92 (2014): 20130884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0884.
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We show that active, self-propelled particles that are connected together to form a single chain that is anchored at one end can produce the graceful beating motions of flagella. Changing the boundary condition from a clamp to a pivot at the anchor leads to steadily rotating tight coils. Strong noise in the system disrupts the regularity of the oscillations. We use a combination of detailed numerical simulations, mean-field scaling analysis and first passage time theory to characterize the phase diagram as a function of the filament length, passive elasticity, propulsion force and noise. Our study suggests minimal experimental tests for the onset of oscillations in an active polar chain.
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Ibtissam, ZEJJARI, BERRADA Abla, and BENHAYOUN Issam. "The Country of Origin effects on Moroccan elite consumers' attitudes and purchase intention towards hedonic product." International Journal of Business and Technology Studies And Research 1, no. 3 (2020): 7 pages. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3627861.
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<em>Even if country of origin effects is one of the most studied topics in marketing literature and consumer behavior, but still attract the attention of researchers due to tremendous critics that need to be addressed. Based on some of those critics, this article presents the results of a qualitative study based on thirty laddering interviews conducted with Moroccan men belonging to the elite of generation Y. Our aim is to understand their attitudes towards hedonic product made in their local country-Morocco- vs foreign countries by integrating the means-end-chain theory which allow us to relate country of origin as a product attribute, consequence and personal value. The findings demonstrate that Moroccan elite consumers prefer foreign brands because they enhance their appearance, self-confidence and the need for uniqueness.</em>
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Nafisyah, Ulin, and Endy Gunanto Marsasi. "The Role Of Perceived Value And Perceived Trust To Optimize Repeat Purchase Intention Based On Mean-End Chain Theory In Generations Y And Z." Jurnal Pamator : Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Trunojoyo 16, no. 4 (2023): 760–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/pamator.v16i4.23841.
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One sector that continues to experience development is the telecommunications sector. Telecommunications can make it easier to obtain information and carry out various activities. The communication sector has a vital role in the continuity and smoothness of communication. The objective of this research is to establish the correlation between the perceived price, perceived trust, perceived value, satisfaction, and repeat purchase intention of an Internet telecommunication service among individuals belonging to Generation Y and Z. The researchers introduce perceived trust as a new and innovative aspect of their study. Mean-End Chain Theory is used in research as the leading theory. The method in this study uses a quantitative approach using purposive sampling techniques, which resulted in 155 samples. The analytical approach utilised in the present investigation was. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), using the AMOS Graphics 24 programmed. The study's findings suggest that the perceived price has a notable adverse impact on satisfaction. The perceived price and perceived trust favourably and dramatically effect the perceived value. This research is helpful in that mobile provider managers should improve perceived trust and perceived price of services by contributing to an event and being active in online marketing.
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Li, Cheng-Wu, Dirk Romeis, Markus Koch, Holger Merlitz, and Jens-Uwe Sommer. "Theoretical analysis of the elastic free energy contributions to polymer brushes in poor solvent: A refined mean-field theory." Journal of Chemical Physics 157, no. 10 (2022): 104902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0103351.
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We consider polymer brushes in poor solvent that are grafted onto planar substrates and onto the internal and external surfaces of a cylinder using molecular dynamics simulation, self-consistent field (SCF), and mean-field theory. We derive a unified expression for the mean field free energy for the three geometrical classes. While for low grafting densities, the effect of chain elasticity can be neglected in poor solvent conditions, it becomes relevant at higher grafting densities and, in particular, for concave geometries. Based on the analysis of the end monomer distribution, we introduce an analytical term that describes the elasticity as a function of grafting density. The accuracy of the model is validated with molecular dynamics simulations as well as SCF computations and shown to yield precise values for the layer thickness over a wide range of system parameters. We further apply this model to analyze the gating behavior of switchable brushes inside nanochannels.
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Zhang, Ge, Fuqiang Wu, Chunni Wang, and Jun Ma. "Synchronization behaviors of coupled systems composed of hidden attractors." International Journal of Modern Physics B 31, no. 26 (2017): 1750180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979217501806.
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Based on a class of chaotic system composed of hidden attractors, in which the equilibrium points are described by a circular function, complete synchronization between two identical systems, pattern formation and synchronization of network is investigated, respectively. A statistical factor of synchronization is defined and calculated by using the mean field theory, the dependence of synchronization on bifurcation parameters discussed in numerical way. By setting a chain network, which local kinetic is described by hidden attractors, synchronization approach is investigated. It is found that the synchronization and pattern formation are dependent on the coupling intensity and also the selection of coupling variables. In the end, open problems are proposed for readers’ extensive guidance and investigation.
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Giang, Le Hoai Kieu, Dau Xuan Truong, Le Thi Quynh, and Le Thi Thanh Xuan. "Employing Mean-End-Chains theory to explore students’ values from school’s image characteristics - A case study of a business school in Ho Chi Minh City." HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 11, no. 2 (2021): 156–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.econ.en.11.2.1807.2021.
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The literature shows that there are studies on students’ choices when enrolling in an institution. The findings from these studies help High Educational Institutions (HEIs) to improve their enrollment. However, not much literature explains how students (as consumers) explain the values they can get from HEIs’ image attributes. The present study employs Mean-End Chain (MEC) theory to explore students’ values by identifying attributes of HEIs images attributes from their perceptions with the following objectives: (1) to explore attributes of the selected school’s image from students’ perspectives, (2) to explore the connections between these attributes and values of individual students through consequences from these attributes. The soft-laddering interview is the method to collect data, and participants are first-year students who have just enrolled in the selected school in the last national enrollment in 2020. The research findings show that there are 12 attributes, which drive to eight values through 23 consequences (13 functional consequences and 10 psychosocial consequences), making students enroll in the selected school. The result from HVM states that there are five significant A-C-V linkages to explain which attributes have the most influence on students’ choice, and how these attributes affect their perceived values. Finally, the study also proposes suggestions for institutions to promote their enrollment practices and increase the quality of their enrolments.
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Nadzirah Rosli, Norbani Che-Ha, and Ezlika Mohd Ghazali. "The Influence of Hotel Attributes on Brand Attachment and Post-Consumption Outcomes: The Mediating Effects of Brand Credibility." International Journal of Business and Society 21, no. 1 (2021): 313–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3255.2020.
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This research examine the mediating role of brand credibility between the relationship of hotel attributes and brand attachment that will to lead to post-consumption outcomes. We also examine how hotel attributes contributes to the brand attachment and post-consumption outcomes.Based on the mean-end chain theory, it explores the relationship among six constructs; hotel attributes, brand credibility, brand attachment and post-consumption outcomes (i.e., satisfaction, revisit intention and word-of-mouth). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was deployed to validate the research model. The result indicatesbrand credibility fully mediates the relationship between hotel attributes and brand attachment. Subsequently, brand credibility and brand attachment are found to be significantly linked with post-consumption outcomes. The result offers implications for hotelier and direction for future research.
Books on the topic "Mean-end chain theory"
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Puri, Michael J., Jason Geary, and Seth Monahan, eds. Musical Meaning and Interpretation. Oxford University PressNew York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197601297.001.0001.
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Abstract Posed with fervor at the end of the twentieth century, questions of meaning and interpretation in music continue to generate widespread interest and give rise to new research directions and methods. This collection of essays brings together leading musicologists and music theorists working across a range of styles, including classical, jazz, and popular, to offer fresh perspectives on meaning and interpretation, and thereby to reassess and refine an approach that continues to occupy a central place in the field. Whereas many accounts of musical meaning tend to limit and constrain, this book contends that music’s capacity to mean is virtually limitless and therefore resists clean and orderly taxonomies. Taken together, the essays attest to this the nearly infinite variety of ways in which music may mean. Individually, they explore, among other topics, the intellectual underpinnings of rotational form, the mysterious agencies that populate our hermeneutic discourse, and the significance of pleasure in the interpretive act, along with extended discussions of music by Beethoven, Chabrier, Unsuk Chin, Coltrane, Stephen Foster, Mahler, and Chou Wen-chung. Rooted in humanistic values, these essays combine rich analytical insights with critical perspectives on meaning and hermeneutics, arguing collectively for the strength, necessity, and urgency of interpretive work in music.
Book chapters on the topic "Mean-end chain theory"
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Worasuwannarak, Benjapol, and Kannapat Kankaew. "The Image Value of Southeast Asia Airlines." In Global Air Transport Management and Reshaping Business Models for the New Era. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4615-7.ch009.
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The Southeast Asia airline is one of the most well-known in the aviation industry where airlines represent unique culture for the value-added service standard to customers. Through the means-end theory method, the purpose of this study is to explore the value that passengers create in the decision making on Southeast Asia airlines that would result in understanding the attribute and structure of choosing Southeast Asia airlines. This study aimed to (1) investigate customer attributes in choosing Southeast Asia airlines, (2) understand the crucial value-added characteristic of Southeast Asia airlines, and (3) contribute a value-added framework for Southeast Asia airline passengers. The qualitative method is administered in this study. The interview is conducted in an interview from the mean-end-chain of the passenger. The analysis results in the expression of passenger attributes, consequences, and value of the Southeast Asia airlines and the contributions of the new framework of passenger added value.
Conference papers on the topic "Mean-end chain theory"
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K, Karthikeyan, Aravamuthan S, Akhilsen Nair, Bharani Dharan R, and Vivek Yadav. "High-Fidelity CAE Simulation of 4-Cylinder 4-Stroke Hollow Assembled Camshaft under Multi Axial Load." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0163.
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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">The major area in which the automotive manufacturers are working is to produce high-performance vehicles with lighter weight, higher fuel economy and lower emissions. In this regard, hollow camshafts are widely used in modern diesel and gasoline engines due to their inherent advantages of less rotational inertia, less friction, less weight and better design flexibility. However, the dynamic loads of chain system, valve train and fuel injection pump (if applicable) makes it challenging to design over-head hollow camshafts with the required factor of safety (FOS).</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">In the present work, high-fidelity FE model of a hollow camshaft assembly is simulated to evaluate the structural performance for assembly loads, valve train operating loads, fuel injection pump loads and chain system loads. The investigation is carried out in a high power-density (70 kW/lit) 4-cylinder in-line diesel engine. The camshaft is used for operating the intake valves which induce varying stresses in-line with the engine firing order. Moreover, the camshaft is also used to drive the high-pressure fuel injection pump (FIP) at the rear-end which can add significant torsional stresses. Furthermore, the stresses induced by the hub-loads of timing chain is found to be having a significant effect on the bending behavior of the front-end of the camshaft. In addition to these operating stresses, the camshaft is subjected to different kinds of mean stresses induced by the bolt (used to fasten the drive-sprocket) and interference fit of the camshaft child parts (cam and front plug). Hence, the authors propose a robust and reliable evaluation methodology to evaluate the structural performance and factor of safety (FOS). The dynamic bending behavior of the camshaft under press-fit loads of cam lobes and front plug is discussed. The present work also covers the load-path and multi axial stress state induced on the hollow camshaft under varying load conditions apart from estimating the fatigue life. Moreover, the investigation includes the assessment of different parameters influencing the stress multi-axiality on the camshaft to arrive at potential improvements in the camshaft design. Overall, the results arrived using this methodology is found to be having a good correlation with the parts used for durability testing. Thus, the proposed methodology can be used for evaluating hollow camshafts of modern engines subjected to complex and highly dynamic loads.</div></div>
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Rakityanskaya, Irina Anisimovna, Tatiana Sergeevna Ryabova, and Anastasia Andreevna Kalashnikova. "USE OF ALLOKIN-ALPHA IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HERPESVIRUS INFECTION IN ADULTS." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign intemational scientific conference «Joint innovation - joint development». Medical sciences . Part 2. Ьу НNRI «National development» in cooperation with PS of UA. June 2023. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/230629.2023.26.58.015.
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Objective. To evaluate the efficiency of allokin-alpha therapy on the level of isolation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and herpes simplex virus type 6 (HHV-6) DNA copy numbers in saliva samples, on the time course of changes in the production of IFN-α and IFN-γ and on that of clinical complaints in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome in the presence of chronic EBV and HHV-6 infections. Subjects and methods. A total of 53 patients (36 women and 17 men) with with chronic fatigue syndrome in the presence of chronic herpesvirus infection were examined; the patients’ their mean age was 34.51 ± 1.74 years. All the patients underwent determination of the amount of EBV and HHV-6 DNA in their saliva samples by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the blood levels of IFN-α and IFN-γ, and the spontaneous and induced production of these cytokines in the blood lymphocyte cultures. All the patients received allokin-alpha therapy with 9 subcutaneous injections of 1.0 mg every other day. The patients were divided into three groups: 1) 26 patients with chronic EBV infection; 2) 18 patients with EBV + HHV-6 co-infection; 3) 9 patients with HHV-6 infection. Results. After allokin-alpha therapy, in Group 1 EBV DNA was PCR negative in 57.69% of patients; in Group 3, that was positive in all patients. In Group 2, EBV and HHV-6 DNA was found to be absent in 44.44 and 5.55% of patients, respectively. In all the groups, the serum and spontaneous production of IFN-α did not change significantly one month after the end of therapy. The level of induced IFN-α tended to decrease. IFN-γ production also tended to reduce in all the groups. After the end of therapy, the patients in all the groups showed a significant decline in the number of clinical complaints. Conclusion. The efficiency of allokin-alpha therapy varies in patients with chronic herpesvirus infection and depends upon virus type. The greatest efficacy of the drug was found in patients with EBV infection.
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Hørte, Torfinn, and Siril Okkenhaug. "Recommendations for a Fatigue Design Analysis Calibrated Using Structural Reliability Analysis." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-81463.
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Abstract DNV is currently running a Joint Industry Project, NorMoor JIP, which is now approaching the end of phase 3. In this phase the fatigue limit state (FLS) of mooring lines with studless chains for permanent units has got the main attention. Phases 1 and 2 was covering the ultimate limit state (ULS) and accidental limit state (ALS) respectively. The NorMoor JIP has participants from energy companies, engineering companies, rig-owners, manufacturers and marine authorities. It is a global study covering Gulf of Mexico, Northern Europe and Brazil waters. Thus, areas with hurricanes, winter storms and combinations of wind sea and swell are covered. The results from the study will be applicable to most locations around the world, except for areas with squall. Our motivation for initiating a study on mooring line reliability was that all the global standards (API, ISO, DNV, others) are mostly based on work from late 1990s, when frequency domain analysis was prevalent, and the reliability level implied by the codes was not known. With this backdrop NorMoor Phase 1 and 2 was initiated, and recommendations on more recent and advanced analysis methodology and accompanying safety factors for ULS and ALS was developed. For FLS DNV calibrated safety factors for permanently moored units using frequency domain calculations in 1998. Now two decades later the age of the fleet of the world’s production units is growing, and FLS is the governing limit state for life extension. The NorMoor JIP Phase 3 was initiated to ensure that the FLS code provides consistent and accurate safety level, and to see if improvements could be made to the analysis methodology. Phase 1 and 2 of the NorMoor JIP has shown that more cost-effective mooring systems can be obtained, without jeopardizing the safety level. Further potential for cost optimization of mooring designs has been investigated in Phase 3 by improving the FLS code. The focus in the present paper is the methodology and application of structural reliability analysis for mooring line fatigue where the probability of fatigue failure is calculated as function of safety factor. The paper also includes the subsequent calibration of a fatigue safety factor and a recommendation for a revised fatigue design procedure. A series of 3 papers is published at the OMAE2022 documenting the work done in the NorMoor Phase 3 on the fatigue limit state of mooring lines. The deterministic fatigue analysis method is supported by an accompanying paper at this conference, OMAE2022-81441, in which an importance sampling technique developed in the NorMoor JIP is documented to provide the most accurate fatigue estimates for the minimum of sea states analysed. Furthermore, another accompanying paper, OMAE2022-81465, provides statistical analysis results of a comprehensive database of fatigue test data, including both new and used studless chains. With this input, it has been possible implement an improved fatigue analysis methodology that also accounts for the mean loads as well as degradation based on extent of corrosion. The present work provides a unique and comprehensive set of results, where advanced reliability methods are used to calibrate a mooring design code where the mooring line tensions are calculated in the time domain. The results provide a basis for regulators, such as ISO, to update their rules. The paper concludes with a recommendation for a revised fatigue design procedure, and the plan is to implement this in the next revision of DNV-OS-E301.
Reports on the topic "Mean-end chain theory"
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for Social Science, Advisory Commitee. The impact of climate change on consumer food behaviours: Identification of potential trends and impacts. Food Standards Agency, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.icl350.
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The Advisory Committee on Social Sciences (ACSS) was established by the Food Standards Agency (FSA) to bring social science expertise to the Agency’s pursuit of food safety, food authenticity, and regulatory excellence. In fulfilling its remit, the Agency needs advice from a wide range of expertise, and this includes insights from disciplines such as behavioural science and economics as much as from the medical, agricultural, and animal health domains. It is crucial to understand how we as consumers, as well as the industries that feed us, might adapt our behaviours, perceive risks or alter our purchasing patterns. Climate Change is now widely accepted as one of the gravest risks facing human well-being, not least because of its possible effects on the food system. These effects could be radical and sudden and are inherently unpredictable. At the same time, humans are extraordinarily adaptable and innovative, and so responses to this threat are also unpredictable. Many people are already ‘doing their bit’ towards the ‘Net Zero’ aspiration by adapting their diet, changing their consumption patterns, or striving to avoid waste. As one of the many governmental bodies concerned with food supply the FSA has a strong interest in horizon scanning likely responses to climate change and understanding where it might impact its work. The ACSS therefore offered to help with this large task and formed a Working Group on Climate Change and Consumer Behaviours (CCCB). We were fortunate to be able to begin our work by hosting a workshop with experts in the field to illuminate the trends already being observed, or considered possible. Following this we then convened a group of colleagues across the FSA to deepen understanding of how the identified trends might impact on food safety, food authenticity and regulation. We took as our initial scope end consumers (rather than the businesses that serve them), and we looked for behaviours that appear to be ones that consumers have adopted to respond to the Net Zero call. The concepts of ‘choice’ and ‘preference’ in relation to behaviour is complex, as much behaviour does not follow choice or preference. In future, climate change may bring about changes to food availability and price that mean that choices are constrained. Equally, consumer preferences may feed back into the supply chain, and lead to a degree of choice ‘editing’ by food businesses. These complexities are beyond our scope for the moment, but, as experts participating in our workshop emphasized, must be considered. To get the full value of the expertise we were able to assemble, and the added value from our consultants, Ipsos UK who constructed and ran the first workshop, it is important to read the full report. It is also important to go directly to the centres of expertise for the insights that surfaced, but that we could only dip into and summarise. In this overview, the CCCB working group wants to highlight what we felt were some of the most interesting lines of enquiry, which are shown in table 1 below. We have to stress that these are possible trends of concern to the FSA, not necessarily with already observable effects, and more work needs to be done to explore them. We are conscious that the Science Council also has a WG on Net Zero, with a wider scope than that of the ACSS, and we are closely in touch to ensure that the work is complementary. I would therefore like to commend the work of the ACSS CCCB working group to the FSA, and we look forward to discussing how we can be of further help. I would also like to wholeheartedly thank everyone involved in making the workshops such stimulating and insightful exercises.