Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mean tractive force

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Mean tractive force'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Mean tractive force"

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Nyberg, Peter, Erik Frisk, and Lars Nielsen. "Driving Cycle Adaption and Design Based on Mean Tractive Force." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 46, no. 21 (2013): 689–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20130904-4-jp-2042.00113.

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Nyberg, Peter, Erik Frisk, and Lars Nielsen. "Generation of Equivalent Driving Cycles Using Markov Chains and Mean Tractive Force Components." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 47, no. 3 (2014): 8787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-za-1003.02239.

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Arampatzis, Spyridon, George N. Thalmann, Heinz Zimmermann, and Aristomenis K. Exadaktylos. "Lunar Tractive Forces and Renal Stone Incidence." Emergency Medicine International 2011 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/813460.

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Background.Several factors are implicated in renal stone formation and peak incidence of renal colic admissions to emergency departments (ED). Little is known about the influence of potential environmental triggers such as lunar gravitational forces. We conducted a retrospective study to test the hypothesis that the incidence of symptomatic renal colics increases at the time of the full and new moon because of increased lunar gravitational forces.Methods.We analysed 1500 patients who attended our ED between 2000 and 2010 because of nephrolithiasis-induced renal colic. The lunar phases were def
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Xu, Shuo, Yinan Gu, Jing Sun, and Dawei Tu. "Unique and accurate soil parameter identification for air-cushioned robotic vehicles." Robotica 35, no. 3 (2015): 613–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574715000739.

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SUMMARYOn-line identification of soil parameters is a pre-condition of operating performance optimization and control for unmanned ground vehicles (UGV). Inverse calculation from measured vehicular operating parameters is a prevalent methodology. However, it inherently suffers from a multiple-solution problem caused by the coupling of soil parameters in terramechanics equations and an accuracy problem caused by the influences of state noise and measurement noise. These problems in tractive-force-related soil parameters identification were addressed here for air-cushioned vehicles (ACV) by taki
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Rosca, Radu, Petru Cârlescu, and Ioan Tenu. "Assessment of a Traction Model for Agricultural Tires Based on a Variable Shear Area Model and Experimental Data." Advanced Materials Research 837 (November 2013): 458–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.837.458.

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The tire driving force is the resultant of the elementary shear forces acting under the running gear contact area; while the tire ground contact area may be assumed to be constant, the sheared area increases with slip but is generally less then the tire-soil contact area. As a result, it may be considered that the tractive force is the result of the elementary forces acting along the portion of the contact area that participates in the shearing process. Starting from this idea, the paper tries to evaluate the shearing area using a traction model and experimental traction data. The traction mod
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Al-Bender, Farid, and Kris De Moerlooze. "A Model of the Transient Behavior of Tractive Rolling Contacts." Advances in Tribology 2008 (2008): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/214894.

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When an elastic body of revolution rolls tractively over another, the period from commencement of rolling until gross rolling ensues is termed the prerolling regime. The resultant tractions in this regime are characterized by rate-independent hysteresis behavior with nonlocal memory in function of the traversed displacement. This paper is dedicated to the theoretical characterization of traction during prerolling. Firstly, a theory is developed to calculate the traction field during prerolling in function of the instantaneous rolling displacement, the imposed longitudinal, lateral and spin cre
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Jiang, Xiangang. "Laboratory Experiments on Breaching Characteristics of Natural Dams on Sloping Beds." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (October 20, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5064093.

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Natural dams formed by landslides may produce disastrous floods after dam outburst. However, studies on the breaching characteristics of natural dams on sloping beds systematically are still at an early stage, and especially the relationship between breach width and depth is still unclear. In this paper, results of a series of laboratory tests that assessed seven different flume bed slope angles are presented. The results show that 3 stages of breaching process of natural dams on different bed slopes were observed. According to the results, headward erosion was the main force for enlargement o
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Gudavalli, M. R., T. Potluri, G. Carandang, et al. "Intradiscal Pressure Changes during Manual Cervical Distraction: A Cadaveric Study." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/954134.

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The objective of this study was to measure intradiscal pressure (IDP) changes in the lower cervical spine during a manual cervical distraction (MCD) procedure. Incisions were made anteriorly, and pressure transducers were inserted into each nucleus at lower cervical discs. Four skilled doctors of chiropractic (DCs) performed MCD procedure on nine specimens in prone position with contacts at C5 or at C6 vertebrae with the headpiece in different positions. IDP changes, traction forces, and manually applied posterior-to-anterior forces were analyzed using descriptive statistics. IDP decreases wer
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Dowdle, Spencer, Temitope Adeyemi, Benjamin Cassidy, Matthew Craig, Stephen Aoki, and Travis Maak. "Post vs. Post-less Hip Arthroscopy: A Comparison of Traction Force and Patient Specific Parameters." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 7_suppl4 (2021): 2325967121S0023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121s00231.

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Objectives: Hip distraction during arthroscopic surgery has typically utilized a peroneal post, which has known complications; post-less distraction has thus recently gained favor. This study quantified the traction force required for adequate hip distraction during post-less arthroscopic surgery and compared the data to a previous post cohort including the relationship between force and patient-specific factors. Methods: One-hundred thirty-four patients undergoing primary hip arthroscopy were prospectively enrolled. Twenty-nine patients underwent post-less primary hip arthroscopy. A load-cell
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Dillon, O., Alex Mortensen, Temitope Adeyemi, Suzanna Ohlsen, Travis Maak, and Stephen Aoki. "Venting the Central Compartment of the Hip Prior to Distraction Minimizes Overall Hip Distraction Forces." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 7_suppl6 (2020): 2325967120S0043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00434.

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Objectives: Arthroscopic hip surgery requires application of ipsilateral lower extremity traction to achieve adequate joint distraction and hip central compartment access. Higher traction forces applied to the lower extremity allow greater hip joint distraction, improving the working space, in order minimize iatrogenic chondral and labral injury. However, greater traction forces have demonstrated a higher potential for iatrogenic traction related injuries. Controversy exists about the clinical relevance of procedural modifications, such as venting the hip, as a means of reducing the amount of
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mean tractive force"

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Torp, Emil, and Patrik Önnegren. "Driving Cycle Generation Using Statistical Analysis and Markov Chains." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Fordonssystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-94147.

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A driving cycle is a velocity profile over time. Driving cycles can be used for environmental classification of cars and to evaluate vehicle performance. The benefit by using stochastic driving cycles instead of predefined driving cycles, i.e. the New European Driving Cycle, is for instance that the risk of cycle beating is reduced. Different methods to generate stochastic driving cycles based on real-world data have been used around the world, but the representativeness of the generated driving cycles has been difficult to ensure. The possibility to generate stochastic driving cycles that cap
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Book chapters on the topic "Mean tractive force"

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Bolt, Neville. "The New Strategic Operating Concept." In The Violent Image. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197511671.003.0009.

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Propaganda of the Deed has become the new strategic operating concept for insurgents in the 21<sup>st</sup> century. Chapter 8 highlights why. Increased media competition and appetite for dramatic images to gain audience attention parallels individuals’ ability to self-generate political and social messages at low cost due to digital technologies. Economic and technological globalization have unlocked new spaces for insurgents and revolutionaries to occupy and exploit with new images and ideas. The central strategic operating concept acquires force where insurgent groups have the technical means to distribute messages but also the electronic and physical networks of dissemination where their ideas can gain traction. Through these networks, messages circumvent friction and move from a position of control or more appropriately, management, to a vicarious, self-generating life form where protest and militancy produce their own dynamic.
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Begby, Endre. "From Psychology to Philosophy." In Prejudice. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852834.003.0004.

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Calls to develop a framework for ‘non-ideal epistemology’ have recently gained traction in philosophical discourse, but little detail has yet been offered as to what this might involve. This chapter aims to remedy this shortcoming, both as a broader theoretical development and with specific view toward the epistemology of prejudice. Specifically,this chapter develops the notion of non-ideal epistemology along two dimensions. Along one dimension, constraints arising from distinctive capacity limitations of the human mind (“endogenous non-ideality”) are considered. In another dimension, constraints arising from specific limitations on the information environments that epistemic agents are forced to operate within (“exogenous non-ideality”) are considered. Taking a non-ideal approach to epistemology does not, however, mean giving up on epistemic normativity altogether: to the contrary, this chapter argues that non-ideal epistemology provides the only way for such norms to provide a genuine critical grip on human cognition at all.
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Araújo, Kathleen. "New Paradigms: Lessons and Recommendations." In Low Carbon Energy Transitions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199362554.003.0012.

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There is an old saying that history is about revolution and evolution. This book considered history in the context of disruptive and incremental change within energy systems. In doing so, the research advances new tools and theory-building, while emphasizing broader lessons, particularly for policymakers, regarding the strategic management of energy transitions. This chapter discusses key insights from the study. It also identifies avenues for further research. There is no set formula for a country to shift to low carbon energy (or, for that matter, to undertake any energy transition). Whether transitions emerge or are driven, there is room for strategic management. • Focusing events, like oil shocks, can provide an opportunity for the rapid mobilization of an energy transition, despite differences in views. Such windows of opportunity, however, have a limited shelf life. Common tensions between competing interests will re-emerge and can undermine progress. Here, cross-sectoral collaboration and learning can provide important traction amidst a transition for meeting longer term objectives. • Least-cost economics can play a role in energy decision-making, yet policymakers should recognize that this approach does not adequately reflect all important objectives, costs or benefits. Co-benefits, including the flexibility to adapt in otherwise irreversible decisions, may matter for a society in an energy transition. Such benefits can be difficult to value in planning and analysis, but warrant scrutiny. Here, analysts and decision-makers can be pivotal by ensuring that viable options which add important value are not crowded out. • It is clear from the preceding pages that governments have a role to play in the energy playing field, even if government is not the driving force. The fundamental importance of energy, the widely entrenched nature of such systems, and the intersecting aspects of energy-related challenges with other public priorities reinforce this point. Here, public actors and policy can be instrumental in bridging gaps at critical junctures in a way that no other individuals may adequately address. • Societal views about ways to govern natural resources will factor in whether an energy transition depends on markets, government, or other means.
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Conference papers on the topic "Mean tractive force"

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Ansari, Masoud, Davood Younesian, and Ebrahim Esmailzadeh. "Effects of Coupler Specifications and Operational Conditions on the Longitudinal Freight Train Dynamics." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35809.

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The longitudinal dynamics of railway vehicles is studied in this paper. The model is a time domain and nonlinear one. Model includes a train-consist containing one locomotive, nine wagons and nine automatic couplers between them. The effects of different parameters, (such as stiffness and damping of automatic couplers, train speed and train acceleration during both accelerating and braking process) on the longitudinal train dynamics are investigated in a parametric study. It is found that increase of the train operational speed has no effect on the maximum tractive forces while it results in i
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Ryherd, Julia, Colleen Small, Richard Guthrie, Song Ling, and Hawley Beaugrand. "Pipeline Geohazards Screening: Using Results of Flood Scour Assessments to Provide a Simple Screening Tool for Pipeline Watercourse Crossings for Western Canada." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9452.

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Abstract Pipeline watercourse crossing assessments typically require field investigations, river surveys, and detailed scour analyses to predict whether or not a pipeline may be subject to flood scour deeper than their depth of cover (DOC). Flood scour algorithms rely on discharge, median grain size, and some measure of channel cross-sectional area to determine the tractive force of water on the stream bed. These algorithms are applied to non-cohesive sediments typical of fluvial systems. To better define pipeline threats at a screening level, reducing unnecessary field and analytical expenses
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Gudavalli, M. Ram, Charles N. R. Henderson, Robert Vining, Lynne Carber, Avinash G. Patwardhan, and Christine Goertz. "Neck Pain Participant’s Perception of Traction Forces During Chiropractic Manual Cervical Distraction." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85971.

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In this exploratory study, we measured applied traction forces during a chiropractic manual cervical distraction procedure for each of three “treatment” perceptions; (i) beginning to feel a stretch, (ii) stretch feels like it could be a treatment, and (iii) stretch definitely feels like a treatment. A single trained clinician performed manual cervical distraction procedures on 10 neck pain participants using a commercially available table that was embedded with force and motion sensors. Participants were prone on the table while manual distraction was applied with gradually increasing force. W
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Arias-Cuevas, Oscar, and Zili Li. "Field Investigations on Rolling Stock Components Designed to Overcome Low Adhesion Related Problems." In 2010 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2010-36206.

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The tangential force that a braking or tractive wheel can exert on a rail is limited by the friction coefficient available at the surfaces in contact for a given normal load. In clean steel-on-steel contacts the friction coefficient is known to be higher than the adhesion requirements of the majority of the existent rolling stock. However, in the presence of contamination (e.g. leaves, water, grease, and rust) the friction level can decrease to values far below those required in normal traction and braking operations. In particular, fallen leaves have been identified by many railways to cause
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Smith, Frank J. "Balanced Force Pantograph and OCS." In 2018 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2018-6122.

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At the core of electrified railroad design is the Pantograph and Overhead Contact System (OCS). The design of the OCS has been essentially unchanged for nearly 100 years. The pantograph has undergone structural changes in the last 50 years but it still functions the same way it did over 100 years ago. The technology has proven to be incredibly successful and reliable. However the relationship between the pantograph and the OCS has practical limitations that have become evident in recent times, as trains achieve ever faster operating speeds. Currently the world’s high sped trains all tend to ha
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Flugrad, Donald R., and Abir Z. Qamhiyah. "Design of a Self-Actuating, Traction Drive Speed Reducer." In ASME 2000 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2000/ptg-14405.

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Abstract Traction drive speed reducers offer certain advantages over geared speed reducers. In particular, they generally run quieter than geared units, and they provide an opportunity for higher efficiency by eliminating sliding motion between contacting elements. In order to generate a sufficiently high output torque, some means must be provided to create a normal force between the rolling elements. This normal force, along with the friction coefficient, enables the device to transmit torque from one rolling member to the next. The speed reducer proposed here is designed so that the configur
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Nakamura, Yuichi, Masanori Shimaoka, Yutaka Ishibashi, and Masahito Matsui. "Plastic Deformations of Micro-Spheres by Solidified Lubricants and Lubricants’ Shear Stress Under Very High Pressure." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63099.

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In order to grasp the possibility of evaluating shear properties for solidified lubricants under high pressure, plastic deformations of metal micro-spheres (about 0.07mm) in solidified lubricants were evaluated by employing a diamond-anvil pressure cell (DAC). Large deformations (2–5 times larger than the original sphere dimensions) were observed for CVT oil and ester oil up to 6 GPa at 23–25°C. Deformation starting pressure agreed with the solidified pressure. These deformations were caused by the non-hydrostatic pressure in the solidified lubricants. Shear stresses of the solidified lubrican
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Washizu, Hitoshi, Shuzo Sanda, Shi-Aki Hyodo, Toshihide Ohmori, Noriaki Nishino, and Atsushi Suzuki. "All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Submicron Thickness EHL Oil Film." In ASME/STLE 2007 International Joint Tribology Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijtc2007-44179.

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All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of an elastohydrodynamic lubricating oil film have been performed to study the effect of the oil film thickness (large spatial scale; thickness: 430 nm, MD time: 25 ns) and the effect of pressure (long time scale; thickness: 10 nm, MD time: 50 ns, external pressure: 0.1 to 8.0 GPa). Fluid layers of n-hexane are confined between two solid Fe plates by a constant normal force. Traction simulations are performed by applying a relative sliding motion to the Fe plates. In a long spatial scale simulation, the mean traction coefficient was 0.03, which is compar
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Spiryagin, Maksym, Qing Wu, Yan Quan Sun, Colin Cole, and Ingemar Persson. "Locomotive Studies Utilizing Multibody and Train Dynamics." In 2017 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2017-2221.

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Locomotive traction studies have been extensively performed in multi-body software packages. Generally, these research activities have been focused on purely mechanical system design issues and, as a result, there is a limited amount of information available on modeling locomotives under the influence of traction/braking capabilities and train dynamics. Evidence of using results from longitudinal train dynamics simulations as input to locomotive dynamics simulations has also been limited and information on this is rarely presented in the public domain. This means that locomotive traction/braki
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Kusch, Robin, Mohammad Rahmati, Jan P. Peckolt, Jan Pütz, and Julius Schay. "Development of a Novel Floater to Power Take-Off Connection for Wave Energy Converters Based on a Belt-Pulley System." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-62589.

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While renewable energy is generally considered to be a well-researched field, wave energy converters (WECs) are still in early industrial stages, for example due to high costs, even though the potential of WECs in countries such as the UK is very high. Apart from the power plant location, the amount of power generated by a wave energy converter is also highly influenced by the efficiency of both the energy transfer from the wave to the plant’s generator and the power take-off (PTO) itself. Improving on any of these aspects therefore increases the power output and economic attractiveness. Based
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