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Proulx, Travis, and Steven J. Heine. "Death and Black Diamonds: Meaning, Mortality, and the Meaning Maintenance Model." Psychological Inquiry 17, no. 4 (October 29, 2006): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10478400701366985.
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Heine, Steven J., Travis Proulx, and Kathleen D. Vohs. "The Meaning Maintenance Model: On the Coherence of Social Motivations." Personality and Social Psychology Review 10, no. 2 (May 2006): 88–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr1002_1.
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The meaning maintenance model (MMM) proposes that people have a needfor meaning; that is, a need to perceive events through a prism of mental representations of expected relations that organizes their perceptions of the world. When people's sense of meaning is threatened, they reaffirm alternative representations as a way to regain meaning-a process termedfluid compensation. According to the model, people can reaffirm meaning in domains that are differentfrom the domain in which the threat occurred. Evidenceforfluid compensation can be observed following a variety of psychological threats, including most especially threats to the self, such as self-esteem threats, feelings of uncertainty, interpersonal rejection, and mortality salience. People respond to these diverse threats in highly similar ways, which suggests that a range of psychological motivations are expressions of a singular impulse to generate and maintain a sense of meaning.
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ZUO, Shijiang, Niwen HUANG, Fang WANG, and Pan CAI. "Meaning maintenance model: The development of theory and research challenges." Advances in Psychological Science 24, no. 1 (2016): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/sp.j.1042.2016.00101.
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Vincent Ponroy, Julia, Patrick Lê, and Camille Pradies. "In a Family Way? A model of family firm identity maintenance by non-family members." Organization Studies 40, no. 6 (April 11, 2019): 859–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840619836707.
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Focusing on the case of a successful French pharmaceutical family firm – VetCo, we develop a process model of family firm identity maintenance by non-family members. Being the first family-owned pharmaceutical actor exclusively dedicated to animal health worldwide, VetCo has a strong family firm identity. The maintenance of this identity is remarkable, as VetCo experienced a withdrawal of the owning family when its founder suddenly passed away and, later on, when other family members disengaged from operations. Using grounded theory, we build a process model of identity maintenance that emphasizes meaning multiplicity. Specifically, we identify three main mechanisms of meaning preservation – passing on the family legacy, unifying the metaphorical family and modelling the family business – and two mechanisms of meaning connection – holding on and bridging. In elaborating theory on family firm identity maintenance, this study contributes to family business and organizational identity scholarships.
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Marco, José H., Montse Cañabate, Sandra Pérez, Verónica Guillén, Cristina Botella, and Rosa Baños. "The meaning making model of eating disorders (MESTA): a preliminary analysis of the model." Behavioral Psychology/Psicología Conductual 29, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 5–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51668/bp.8321101n.
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Studies of people with eating disorders (ED) have indicated that meaning in life is negatively associated with psychopathology, suicide risk, and emotional instability in people with ED. The aim of this study was to analyze the mediating role of meaning in life and its dimensions in the relationship between body dissatisfaction and the symptoms of ED, and to provide evidence that supports the meaning making model of eating disorders (MESTA, in Spanish). 292 Participants diagnosed with ED completed the Purpose in Life Test (PIL), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ-AS). Multiple mediation analyses were performed. Meaning in life was a mediator between body dissatisfaction and ED psychopathology. The dimension of Satisfaction and meaning in life had a greater mediating role. Meaning in life could be an important variable in the maintenance of ED. The MESTA could be a useful model for understanding the psychopathology of ED.
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Wagner, David T., Christopher M. Barnes, and Keith Leavitt. "Worth What You're Paid: A Meaning Maintenance Model Of Compensation And Self-Promotion." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 15253. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.15253abstract.
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Ritonga, Mara Untung. "A Textual Interpretation of Mandailing Oral Tradition: A Cultural Maintenance Model." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 2, no. 4 (November 5, 2019): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v2i4.501.
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Language has the pivot on which the culture grow or turn to extinct. Language is as primary means of cultural events transmission. A digitalised adage as one of efforts to revitalise or maintain the culture will not be received without understanding the meanings of the oral tradition texts as their implicitness. This research tries to fill the space left by other researchers to make young generation of Mandailing understand the meanings of the oral tradition texts. The oral tradition tells a great deal of local genuine. By doing so, it is expected the young generation can pick out the beneficial messages from the oral tradition texts, then, to guide them in the action, behaviour, and thinking. Therefore, the oral traditonal needs to maintain or to reserve. With respect to the nature, the out put of this research is to design a maintenance model of Mandailing oral tradition. The subject of the research is the oral tradition of Mandailing analisyed through cognitive semantics, and CDA as theoretical tools for textual interpretation. The qualitative and quantitative data of the research show that the oral traditon of Mandailing; mangandung and marturi include in the category of extinct, while mangambat, mangalehenmangan, manjair, maralok-alok, mambue, marturas, maronang-onang, marsilogo, marungut-ungut, and marpege-pege are in the category of endangered traditon. The cultural activities of the oral traditon do not transmit towards the young generation of Mandailing (age. 17- 40) taken from 100 respondent. Theydid not understand the meaning of the oral traditon texts (87%). The other factor is very few young generation (10%) involve in the cultural traditon of the oral tradition.
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Wu, Wei Yi, Ping Gu, Jie Liu, and Bin Liu. "Equipment Maintenance Support Analysis Model Based on Field-Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 347-350 (August 2013): 2721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.347-350.2721.
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At present military activities have been influenced deeply by the information revolution, in the same way the equipment support activities are confronted with tremendous challenge and many problems appeared. The equipment support ability is not satisfied with its target in the traditional method along with in-depth research, so needed to quest for a new research angle of view. Through the investigation of electric-particles' movement in physics field, a field-theory point of view from the comparability between the electric-particles and the equipment support elements is introduced which based on spatial distributing of equipment support elements around battlefield and characteristic of support activities. Moreover, the theory and method of the field-theory in the transfer of the support element and energy in support activity is described as the basic for the next application research. The appropriate combination between the natural science and military science has the important meaning for enrichment and development of equipment support theory.
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Proulx, Travis, and Steven J. Heine. "Connections From Kafka." Psychological Science 20, no. 9 (September 2009): 1125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2009.02414.x.
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In the current studies, we tested the prediction that learning of novel patterns of association would be enhanced in response to unrelated meaning threats. This prediction derives from the meaning-maintenance model, which hypothesizes that meaning-maintenance efforts may recruit patterns of association unrelated to the original meaning threat. Compared with participants in control conditions, participants exposed to either of two unrelated meaning threats (i.e., reading an absurd short story by Franz Kafka or arguing against one's own self-unity) demonstrated both a heightened motivation to perceive the presence of patterns within letter strings and enhanced learning of a novel pattern actually embedded within letter strings (artificial-grammar learning task). These results suggest that the cognitive mechanisms responsible for implicitly learning patterns are enhanced by the presence of a meaning threat.
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Moser, Jason S., and Hans S. Schroder. "Making Sense of It All? Cognitive and Behavioral Mechanisms Needing Clarification in the Meaning Maintenance Model." Psychological Inquiry 23, no. 4 (October 2012): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1047840x.2012.721338.
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Samul, Joanna. "Spiritual Leadership: Meaning in the Sustainable Workplace." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2019): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010267.
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The topic of leadership enjoys unflagging interest among management theorists and practitioners. One of the trends that arose in the 1990s is spiritual leadership. Some authors have pointed out the importance of spiritual leadership is to create a sustainable workplace for employees. Thus, there is a need to present the achievements of academic knowledge in this topic. The aim of the paper is to synthesize research in the emerging spiritual leadership theory and its importance for the creation of a sustainable workplace. This study explores the concept of spiritual leadership and proposes a conceptual model of spiritual leadership within the context of the sustainability of the workplace. The study is based on a literature review and bibliometric analysis of 373 publications from the Scopus database, spanning the period from 1980 to 2019. The findings obtained indicate that the development of the spiritual leadership theory is relevant and applicable to the creation and maintenance of a sustainable workplace for employees.
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Mandeville, Ashley, Marilyn Whitman, and Jonathon Halbesleben. "The meaning of furloughs on family identification." Personnel Review 48, no. 6 (September 2, 2019): 1596–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-07-2018-0245.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend the meaning maintenance model (MMM) by elucidating the meaning employees provide to both work and family during a furlough. Design/methodology/approach The sample consisted of 180 state government employees, who completed four surveys, starting at a time before a furlough was initiated through returning to work following a furlough. The authors used random coefficient modeling of a mixed-effects model for discontinuous change. Findings Findings suggest that a furlough is associated with increases in perceived psychological contract breach, an indication that the meaning of work is being threatened. Following the furlough, employees’ family identity salience significantly increased. Further, rumination about the furlough increased the shift in family identity salience. Research limitations/implications This research tests the MMM in the context of furloughs and work-family implications. The results suggest that employees experience fluid compensation, a key facet of the MMM, during a furlough. Further, rumination of the experienced furlough can strengthen the fluid compensation process. Practical implications The implications for organizations implementing furloughs and various methods for implementing furloughs are discussed. Originality/value This research extends the MMM by empirically examining it in the context of furloughs and work-family implications. Further, it extends the MMM by examining the impact of rumination on the fluid compensation process.
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Yum, Sang-Guk, Ji-Myong Kim, and Kiyoung Son. "Natural Hazard Influence Model of Maintenance and Repair Cost for Sustainable Accommodation Facilities." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 18, 2020): 4994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124994.
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To optimally maintain buildings and other built infrastructure, the costs of managing them during their entire existence—that is, lifecycle costs—must be taken into account. However, due to technological improvements, developers now build more high-rise and high-performance buildings, meaning that new approaches to estimating lifecycle costs are needed. Meanwhile, an accelerating process of industrialization around the world means that global warming is also accelerating, and the damage caused by natural disasters due to climate change is increasing. However, the costs of losses related to such hazards are rarely incorporated into lifecycle-cost estimation techniques. Accordingly, this study explored the relationship between, on the one hand, some known parameters of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, high winds, and/or flooding, and on the other hand, the data on exceptional maintenance costs, represented by gross loss costs, generated by a large international hotel chain from 2007 to 2017. The regression model used revealed a correlation between heavy rain and insurance-claim payouts. This and other results can usefully inform safety and design guidelines for policymakers, both in disaster management and real estate, as well as in insurance companies
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Freetly, Harvey C. "Fiftieth Anniversary of the California Net Energy System Symposium: What are the energy coefficients for cows?1." Translational Animal Science 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2019): 969–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txz024.
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Abstract The same model structure used to describe energy metabolism in the growing animal is often used to model energy metabolism in the cow. Energy requirements of the cow are modeled as the summation of energy required for maintenance and recovered energy, where recovered energy is the summation of energy for the conceptus, milk, and tissue energy. Energetic requirements of the cow fluctuate throughout the production cycle depending on whether they are pregnant, lactating, or both. The current model requires energy cost to be associated with either net energy of maintenance or the partial efficiencies of conceptus growth, milk production, and tissue energy change. Mathematically, they are not independent. Incorrectly estimating one will result in an erroneous estimate in the other. Most of the current models in production agriculture allocate energy use into maintenance, and synthesis of tissues making it difficult to assign energy utilization by tissues that provide support functions to pregnancy, lactation, and weight fluctuation. The consequence is the assignment of partial efficiencies that reflect whole animal efficiencies rather than tissue efficiencies. Historically, these models have been predictive of energy metabolism, but caution should be used when inferring the energetic efficiency at the tissue level. Alternative modeling approaches more thoroughly describe tissue energy metabolism and have been used to estimate whole animal metabolism. These models resolve the problems associated with developing coefficients that lack biological meaning but are more complex. There is a critical need for independent data sets to test new components of the model for cows.
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Yang, Qing, Oscar Ybarra, Yufang Zhao, and Xiting Huang. "Restoring meaning: Self-uncertainty increases subjective distance between the past and present self." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 48, no. 7 (July 7, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8823.
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Based on the meaning maintenance model and temporal self-appraisal theory, we conducted 2 experiments with Chinese college students to test how self-uncertainty salience affected the subjective distance between the past and present self. We manipulated uncertainty salience and asked participants to explicitly (Study 1) or implicitly (Study 2) indicate their subjective distance. Participants in both studies increased the subjective distance when uncertainty was made salient. In addition, this effect was moderated by dispositional self-esteem in Study 2, with participants with low self-esteem reporting greater subjective distance than did high self-esteem participants after uncertainty-salience priming. These findings suggest that the process of appraising the past self may help individuals deal with feelings of uncertainty about the present self.
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Proulx, Travis, and Steven J. Heine. "The Case of the Transmogrifying Experimenter." Psychological Science 19, no. 12 (December 2008): 1294–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02238.x.
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The meaning-maintenance model posits that threats to schemas lead people to affirm unrelated schemas. In two studies testing this hypothesis, participants who were presented with a perceptual anomaly (viz., the experimenter was switched without participants consciously noticing) demonstrated greater affirmation of moral beliefs compared with participants in a control condition. Another study investigated whether the schema affirmation was prompted by unconscious arousal. Participants witnessed the changing experimenter and then consumed a placebo. Those who were informed that the placebo caused side effects of arousal did not show the moral-belief affirmation observed in the previous studies, as they misattributed their arousal to the placebo. In contrast, those who were not informed of such side effects demonstrated moral-belief affirmation. The results demonstrate the functional interchangeability of different meaning frameworks, and highlight the role of unconscious arousal in prompting people to seek alternative schemas in the face of a meaning threat.
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Petersson, Christina, Paul Batalden, Peter Fritzell, Sanna Borst, and Berith Hedberg. "Exploring the Meaning of Coproduction as Described by Patients After Spinal Surgery Interventions." Open Nursing Journal 13, no. 1 (March 15, 2019): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874434601913010085.
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Background: In the procedures of surgical pathways it is important to create opportunities for developing active forms of engagement and extending the patients’ health maintenance knowledge, which is essential in nursing. One way is to understand more about the concept of coproduction. Objective: The purpose was to use experiences from spinal surgery patients’ narratives to explore the conceptual model of healthcare service coproduction. Method: A prospective qualitative explorative approach was performed and analyzed in two phases with inductive and deductive content analysis of data retrieved from five focus group interviews of 25 patients with experiences from spinal surgery interventions. Result: The findings indicate that mutual trust and respect, as well as guidance given in dialogue, are two important domains. An illustration of how to apply the conceptual model of healthcare service coproduction was revealed in the descriptions of the three core concepts co-planning, co-execution and civil discourse. Conclusion: This study highlights what is needed to reach coproduction in healthcare services concerning patients with spinal disorders. Development of care plans that focuses on co-planning and co-execution is recommended which are structured and customizable for each patient situation to make coproduction to occur.
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Ikediashi, Dubem I., Stephen O. Ogunlana, and Isaac A. Odesola. "Service quality and user satisfaction of outsourced facilities management (FM) services in Nigeria’s public hospitals." Built Environment Project and Asset Management 5, no. 4 (September 7, 2015): 363–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bepam-03-2014-0024.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the concepts of satisfaction and service quality of outsourced facilities management (FM) services. Design/methodology/approach – An empirical survey of 208 stakeholders in Nigeria’s hospitals was used to first, assess the level of satisfaction of users of outsourced FM services and second, validate a conceptual model using the structural equation modelling (SEM) methodology. Findings – Findings show that the three top services are cleaning (6.17), security (6.01) and landscape maintenance (5.73) while the least rated service is the plant maintenance and their personnel. The result also indicates that all six hypotheses were supported by the service quality satisfaction model structural equation model, meaning that quality attributes depicted by the outsourced FM services is antecedent to overall satisfaction. Specifically, “security services to overall satisfaction” received the highest path loading of 0.88, and was closely followed by “cleaning services to overall satisfaction” with a loading of 0.82. “Plant maintenance services to overall satisfaction” was however supported even though it had a very low path coefficient of 0.38. Originality/value – The study establishes a causal relationship between antecedents of satisfaction and service quality within the context of Nigeria’s public hospitals and provided insight into outsourced services that received high level of satisfaction among stakeholders unique from previous studies.
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Wang, Jia, and Zhigang Li. "Degradation model of multi-signals based on a novel feature-selection criterion." Structural Health Monitoring 17, no. 6 (December 10, 2017): 1491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921717746091.
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In most data-driven prognostics approaches, features extracted from measurements are used in the model to indicate the degradation process and determine the reliability in real time. However, many features with physical meaning commonly exhibit no variation until a failure occurs, which leaves little time to conduct maintenance strategies or replacement policies. Hence, this research presents a novel feature-selection criterion, which enables to select a feature with an obvious trend throughout the entire life, thereby avoiding the problem mentioned. In addition, for reliability estimation and condition monitoring, an innovative model-building method based on identical statistical features extracted from multi-signals is developed, in which the features are considered to be dependent and governed by a copula function. An example is provided to illustrate the application of the proposed two-step methods. The result shows that this method is more convincible and realistic for reliability estimation.
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Olypher, Andrey V., and Ronald L. Calabrese. "How Does Maintenance of Network Activity Depend on Endogenous Dynamics of Isolated Neurons?" Neural Computation 21, no. 6 (June 2009): 1665–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.2009.01-08-685.
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Robust activity of some networks, such as central pattern generators, suggests the existence of physiological mechanisms that maintain the most important characteristics, for example, the period and spike frequency of the pattern. Whatever these mechanisms are, they change the appropriate model parameters to or along the isomanifolds on which the characteristics of the pattern are constant, while their sensitivities to parameters may be different. Setting synaptic connections to zero at the points of isomanifolds allows for dissecting the maintenance mechanisms into components involving synaptic transmission and components involving intrinsic currents. The physiological meaning of the intrinsic current changes might be revealed by analysis of their impact on endogenous neuronal dynamics. Here, we sought answers to two questions: (1) Do parameter variations in insensitive directions (along isomanifolds) change endogenous dynamics of the network neurons? (2) Do sensitive and insensitive directions for network pattern characteristics depend on endogenous dynamics of the network neurons? We considered a leech heartbeat half-center oscillator model network and analyzed isomanifolds on which the burst period or spike frequency of the model, or both, are constant. Based on our analysis, we hypothesize that the dependence on endogenous dynamics of the isolated neurons is the stronger the more characteristics of the pattern have to be maintained. We also found that in general, the network was more flexible when it consisted of endogenously tonically spiking rather than bursting or silent neurons. Finally, we discuss the physiological implications of our findings.
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Ratcliffe, Denise, and Nell Ellison. "Obesity and Internalized Weight Stigma: A Formulation Model for an Emerging Psychological Problem." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 43, no. 2 (September 4, 2013): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465813000763.
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Background:Obese individuals frequently experience weight stigma and this is associated with psychological distress and difficulties. The process of external devaluation can lead to negative self-perception and evaluation and some obese individuals develop “internalized weight stigma”. The prevalence of weight stigma is well established but there is a lack of information about the interplay between external and internal weight stigma.Aims:To synthesize the literature on the psychological effects of weight stigma into a formulation model that addresses the maintenance of internalized weight stigma.Method:Current research on the psychological impact of weight stigma was reviewed. We identify cognitive, behavioural and attentional processes that maintain psychological conditions where self-evaluation plays a central role. A model was developed based on clinical utility.Results:The model focuses on identifying factors that influence and maintain internalized weight stigma. We highlight the impact of negative societal and interpersonal experiences of weight stigma on how individuals view themselves as an obese person. Processing the self as a stigmatized individual is at the core of the model. Maintenance factors include negative self-judgements about the meaning of being an obese individual, attentional and mood shifts, and avoidance and safety behaviours. In addition, eating and weight management behaviours become deregulated and maintain both obesity and weight stigma.Conclusion:As obesity increases, weight stigma and the associated psychological effects are likely to increase. We provide a framework for formulating and intervening with internalized weight stigma as well as making therapists aware of the applicability and transferability of strategies that they may already use with other presenting problems.
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Song, Zhan Ping, Song Bo Ren, and Cheng Fang Yuan. "The Damage Test Research and Durability Predict of Songhuajiang Highway Bridge with Freeze-Thaw Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 71-78 (July 2011): 2783–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.71-78.2783.
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Bridge engineering concrete’s Freeze-thaw damage is the main durability diseases which take place in the service process of north China. Aiming at the Songhuajiang Highway Bridge being located in the cold-warm alternant area, According to this environmental characteristics, a batch of concrete samples were made in the construction site by using Material and ratio of the Bridge’s practical construction, they were shipped back to the laboratory and then were used in freeze-thaw test and carbonization test under the influence of freeze-thaw. Obtained the dynamic elastic modulus and compressive strength variation regulation according to the freeze-thaw circles of the concrete specimens. Analyzed the relation between laboratory experiment and field atmospheric exposure test, the paper constructs the durability degradation appraising model and predicts the maintenance-free life of Songhuajiang Highway Bridge. It has important meaning for the maintenance and repair measures in the process of this bridge.
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Joyce, Carmel, and Orla Lynch. "The meaning maintenance model and the victims of the ‘Troubles’: a needs-based theoretical review of the social psychological literature on Northern Ireland." Behavioral Sciences of Terrorism and Political Aggression 7, no. 3 (March 13, 2015): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19434472.2015.1013563.
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Zhang, Kang, Shimin Zhang, Qingxin Ding, Pu Gong, and Xiaoxiao Zhu. "Research on the Design Criterion of Packers and Slips in Pipeline Isolation Tool." MATEC Web of Conferences 153 (2018): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815306004.
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With the rapid development of pipeline industry, the pipeline maintenance technology using isolation tool has got developed widely in the global scope. The packers and slips are the determining parts for isolation reliability and their design criterions are essential to investigate. This paper firstly studied the contact pressure between the packers and pipeline through theoretical and simulation methods. And then the modified model has been achieved according to the analysis results. Finally, the design criterions of packers and slips have been presented accordingly. The results of this research has great meaning and provide efficiency and convenience for tool designing in engineering.
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Lonergan, Aoife. "The meaning of voices in understanding and treating psychosis: Moving towards intervention informed by collaborative formulation." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 13, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v13i2.1199.
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From a medical perspective, hearing voices is perceived as a symptom of mental illness and their content as largely irrelevant. The effectiveness of antipsychotic medication has made it central to the treatment of psychosis. However pharmacological treatment alone is rarely sufficient for this disabling condition. This review examined the feasibility of formulating an understanding of the meaning of voices in psychosis to inform intervention. Examination of the literature demonstrated the need for a paradigm shift to a recovery model, drawing on biopsychosocial factors in formulating an understanding of the meaning of voices in the context of a person’s life. Providing the opportunity to talk about their experiences may aid the development of an interpersonally coherent narrative representing opportunities for psychological growth. Findings have implications for treatment planning and assessment of outcome. Collaborative formulation regarding the subjective meaning of voices may aid in understanding their development and maintenance and guide intervention. Hearing voices with reduced negative effects on wellbeing and functioning may reduce distress and improve quality of life even in the presence of voices. CFT, CBT, Relating Therapy and Open Dialogue may be effective in applying these principles. Findings are limited by the lack of controlled studies. Further controlled studies and qualitative explorations of individual experiences are recommended.
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Raposo, Hugo, José Farinha, Inácio Fonseca, and L. Ferreira. "Condition Monitoring with Prediction Based on Diesel Engine Oil Analysis: A Case Study for Urban Buses." Actuators 8, no. 1 (February 16, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act8010014.
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This paper presents a case study and a model to predict maintenance interventions based on condition monitoring of diesel engine oil in urban buses by accompanying the evolution of its degradation. Many times, under normal functioning conditions, the properties of the lubricants, based on the intervals that manufacturers recommend for its change, are within normal and safety conditions. Then, if the lubricants’ oil condition is adequately accompanied, until reaching the degradation limits, the intervals of oil replacement can be enlarged, meaning that the buses’ availability increases, as well as their corresponding production time. Based on this assumption, a mathematical model to follow and to manage the oil condition is presented, in order to predict the next intervention with the maximum time between them, which means the maximum availability.
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Pappa, Sotiria, Josephine Moate, Maria Ruohotie-Lehty, and Anneli Eteläpelto. "CLIL teachers in Finland." Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies 11, no. 4 (December 26, 2017): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/apples/urn.201711144252.
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Research on emotions has yielded many theoretical perspectives and many concepts. Yet, most scholars have focused on how emotions influence the transformation and maintenance of teacher identities in the field of teacher education and novice teachers, with little research being conducted on either experienced or foreign language teachers. This study explores emotions in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) teachers’ work and their role in identity negotiation. The data is based on interviews with thirteen CLIL teachers working at six different primary schools around Finland, while the analysis draws on Meijers’ (2002) model of identity as a learning process. According to this model, a perceived boundary experience usually generates negatively accented emotions, which are negotiated in light of one’s professional identity by means of two complementary processes, i.e. intuitive sense-giving and discursive meaning-giving. The predominant emotional experiences that were identified were, on the one hand, hurry and frustration, and on the other hand, contentment and empowerment. Intuitive sense-giving mostly entailed reasoning, self-reliance, resilience, and empathy. Discursive meaning-giving mostly entailed the ideas of autonomy and of the CLIL team. This study highlights the need for sensitivity toward teachers’ emotions and their influence on teacher identity. It concludes with suggestions for theory, further research and teacher education.
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Tsamis, Alkiviadis, and Nikos Stergiopulos. "Arterial remodeling in response to hypertension using a constituent-based model." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 5 (November 2007): H3130—H3139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00684.2007.
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Hypertension-induced arterial remodeling has been previously modeled using stress-driven remodeling rate equations in terms of global geometrical adaptation (Rachev A, Stergiopulos N, Meister JJ. Theoretical study of dynamics of arterial wall remodeling in response to changes in blood pressure. J Biomech 29: 635–642, 1996) and was extended later to include adaptation of material properties (Rachev A, Stergiopulos N, Meister JJ. A model for geometric and mechanical adaptation of arteries to sustained hypertension. J Biomech Eng 120: 9–17, 1998). These models, however, used a phenomenological strain energy function (SEF), the parameters of which do not bear a clear physiological meaning. Here, we extend the work of Rachev et al. (1998) by applying similar remodeling rate equations to a constituent-based SEF. The new SEF includes a statistical description for collagen engagement, and remodeling now affects material properties only through changes in the collagen engagement probability density function. The model predicts asymptotic wall thickening and unchanged deformed inner radius as to conserve hoop stress and intimal shear stress, respectively, at the final adapted hypertensive state. Mechanical adaptation serves to restore arterial compliance to control levels. Average circumferential stress-strain curves show that the material at the final adapted hypertensive state is softer than its normotensive counterpart. These findings as well as the predicted pressure-diameter curves are in good qualitative agreement with experimental data. The novelty in our findings is that biomechanical adaptation leading to maintenance of compliance at the hypertensive state can be perfectly achieved by appropriate readjustment of the collagen engagement profile alone.
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Maliski, Sally L., Steve Rivera, Sarah Connor, Griselda Lopez, and Mark S. Litwin. "Renegotiating Masculine Identity After Prostate Cancer Treatment." Qualitative Health Research 18, no. 12 (December 2008): 1609–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732308326813.
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Because little is known about how low-income Latino and African American men attribute meaning and adapt to prostate cancer treatment —related symptoms relative to masculine identity, in this study we sought to develop a descriptive model of this process. Using qualitative methods, 60 Latino and 35 African American/Black men were interviewed by language- and ethnicity-matched male interviewers using a semistructured guide. Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. Spanish transcripts were rigorously translated to produce English transcripts. Analysis using grounded theory techniques found that men constructed masculine identities that were influenced by early experience, challenged by several factors including prostate cancer treatment, and underwent a renegotiation process that resulted in the maintenance of their identity as men. Development and testing of interventions that support this process will facilitate the adaptation process for men in a culturally relevant manner.
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Cruz-Escalona, Víctor H., María V. Morales-Zárate, Andrés F. Navia, Juan M. Rguez-Baron, and Pablo Del Monte-Luna. "Functional analysis of the food web of Bahia Magdalena, Baja California Sur, Mexico." Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research 41, no. 3 (March 8, 2017): 519–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3856/vol41-issue3-fulltext-15.
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In the present study we developed a trophic model (ECOPATH with ECOSIM), to describe the structure and functioning of Bahía Magdalena estuarine ecosystem. The model, constituted by 24 functional groups, indicates that one third of the total ecosystem biomass is produced by secondary and tertiary trophic levels. The magnitude of total flows in the system and the transfer efficiency among trophic levels, are similar to those observed in other tropical systems around the world. A large proportion of the total flows are directed to the maintenance of the trophic web structure. The value of the connectance index (CI) was 0.2, meaning that there is only 20% of realized connections within the web. Benthic primary producers contribute with 53% of the total ascendency. We believe that the energy control in this particular ecosystem is top-down type (through the main predators), suggesting that high-trophic level species negatively affect other groups in the system. This trophic model can be used for exploring different hypothesis concerning the biotic and abiotic mechanisms that modify the structure and functioning of the Bahía Magdalena ecosystem, with the ultimate goal of understanding how this attributes determine the resilience of marine communities.
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Ren, Yong Chang, Tao Xing, Zhao Feng Xing, and Wei Cai. "Design on Data Manipulation Class Based on ADO.NET." Applied Mechanics and Materials 109 (October 2011): 603–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.109.603.
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Programmers manual compiling SQL statements according to relevant software development of database existing some troubles like workload big, easy to make a mistake, difficult to maintenance, this piece research designing on data manipulation class based on ADO.NET, realize the database operation through the data manipulation class. Based on expounding ADO.NET architecture and ADO.NET object model, concentrate on the researching two things: one is automatic generation of SQL statements, designing operation function, function Arguments or global arrays, deciding which type of SQL statements to generate, the other one is designing on data manipulation class, through re-loading, packaging and inheriting to design in data manipulation class for database. Results show that the research and application of data manipulation class solved a number of problems of traditional software development; it has important meaning for improve quality and efficiency of software development, it has become an important research direction of Database software development area.
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Sercu, Charlotte, and Piet Bracke. "Stigma, Social Structure, and the Biomedical Framework: Exploring the Stigma Experiences of Inpatient Service Users in Two Belgian Psychiatric Hospitals." Qualitative Health Research 27, no. 8 (May 31, 2016): 1249–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732316648112.
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The study discusses the stigma experiences of service users in mental health care, within the debate on the role of the biomedical framework for mental health care and power relations in society. Interview data of inpatient users ( n = 42) and care providers ( n = 43) from two Belgian psychiatric hospitals were analyzed using a constructivist grounded theory approach: Findings offer insight into how stigma experiences are affected by social structure. Stigma seemed to be related to the relation between care providers and service users their social position. The concept “mental health literacy” is used to frame this finding. In paying attention to the specific cultural and normative context, which influences the relationship between mental health literacy and stigma, it is further possible to cast some light on the meaning of the biomedical model for the construction and maintenance of power relations in mental health care and broader society.
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Gray, Richard T., Lei Zhang, Tony Lupiwa, and David P. Wilson. "Forecasting the Population-Level Impact of Reductions in HIV Antiretroviral Therapy in Papua New Guinea." AIDS Research and Treatment 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/891593.
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Papua New Guinea (PNG) recently did not secure external funding for the continuation of its antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs meaning that supplies of HIV drugs for the estimated 38,000 people living with HIV in PNG could be completely depleted during 2010. Using a mathematical model of HIV transmission calibrated to available HIV epidemiology data from PNG, we evaluated the expected population-level impact of reductions in ART availability. If the number of people on ART falls to 10% of its current level, then there could be an approximately doubling in annual incidence and an additional 12,848 AIDS-related deaths (100.7% increase) over the next 5 years; if ART provision is halved, then annual incidence would increase by ~68%, and there would be an additional ~10,936 AIDS-related deaths (85.7% increase). These results highlight that maintenance of ART and associated services through external funding is essential for the health and well-being of HIV-positive people in PNG.
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Consorti, F., E. Galeazzi, and A. Rossi Mori. "Standards to Support Development of Terminological Systems for Healthcare Telematics." Methods of Information in Medicine 37, no. 04/05 (October 1998): 551–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634542.
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AbstractThe Technical Committee on “Medical Informatics” of the European Committee for Standardization (CEN{TC251) is supporting developers ofterminological systems in healthcare by a series of standards. The dream of “universal” coding system was abandoned in favor of a coherent family of terminologies, diversified according to tasks; two ideas were introduced: (1) the “categorical structure”, i.e. a model of semantic categories and their relations within a subject field and (2) the “cross-thesaurus”, i.e. a system of descriptors to build a systematic representation (called here “dissection") for each terminological phrase, coherent across diverse terminologies on a given subject field.The goal is to assure coexistence and interoperability (and reciprocal support for development and maintenance) to three generations of systems: (1) traditional paper-based systems (first generation); (2) compositional systems built according to a categorical structure and a cross-thesaurus (second generation) and (3) formal models (third generation).Various scenarios are presented, on the exploitation of computer-based terminological systems. The idea of “operational meaning” of terminological phrases within administrative and organizational contexts and the idea of “task-oriented details” are also introduced, to justify and exploit design constraints on terminological systems.
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Alfieri, Sara, Daniela Marzana, and Sara Martinez Damia. "Why do first and second-generation young migrants volunteer? The Migrant Volunteerism Motivation Model (MVMM)." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 7, no. 2 (December 20, 2019): 1089–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v7i2.1104.
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The following study aims at inquiring into the motivations behind young migrants’ volunteerism in civic organizations in Italy, namely in starting and maintaining their engagement (preliminary vs. maintenance phase). The term “young migrants” refers to first and second generation of migrants who deal with two challenges: the transition to adulthood and the acquisition of a cultural identity. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 37 Sub-Saharan young migrants living in Italy (18-32 years old), 19 of first generation (1G) and 18 of second generation (2G). The Omoto and Snyder’s Volunteer Process Model (VPM, 1995) was used as an underpinning theoretical framework and a guide for the interpretations of the results. The findings indicate that a) motivations included in the VPM are also found for young migrants, b) some of these motivations take particular meaning for young migrants, c) some motivations are not included in the VPM and are specific of this sample. We named these last motivations: social norms, advocacy and ethno-cultural. In addition, some considerations may be advanced regarding the generation and the phase of motivation: 1G migrants are particularly moved by the importance of integration in the Italian context and by the promotion of their ethnic group while 2G migrants reported mostly the desire to understand their roots. The values, the concern for the community and the longing to develop relationships are the motivations for which all young migrants continue to volunteer; however, 1G migrants are also sustained by advocacy and ethno-cultural motivations. Implications and future directions are discussed.
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Chełkowska-Zacharewicz, Maria. "What musician would you like to be? The psychological flexibility model at the service of musicians – introduction." Konteksty Kształcenia Muzycznego 7, no. 1(11) (December 31, 2020): 43–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.6465.
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Musical education and development are connected with numerous challenges, such as great expectations, repertoire requirements, or consistent practice. At the same time, a destructive role of assessment, comparisons and expectations does not influence solely the effectiveness and quality of concerts, or auditions. Musicians experience various obstacles, including doubts, self-criticism, lack of self-confidence; they also experience anxiety and depression more frequently than the rest of the population. Going through such psychological hardships has an impact on their professional life and the quality of life in general. Over the course of music education, it is worth striving for the development of working methods regarding the prophylaxis of mental health and maintenance of mental well-being, which could be introduced as part of systemic programs offering psychological help. What may potentially be used here is a model of psychological flexibility, equipped with firm empirical foundations and covering processes that are tailor-made for the needs of the musical community. Formal and informal exercises in mindfulness, value recognition, or setting goals based on values, applied as part of work within the psychological flexibility model, result directly in, for instance, mindful, dedicated preparation and performances, as well as in enhanced self-confidence indirectly. For musicians this may be of a particular importance, as it has impact on better management of workload and preparations, despite experienced pressure of achieving perfection, on a higher quality of performance, enabling to experience ultimate and mindful performance, and first of all – on a sense of meaning and fulfillment.
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Juzhanin, V. E., and D. V. Gorban'. "Theoretical analysis of legislative definition of the regime in correctional institutions: problems and ways to solve them." Juridical Journal of Samara University 7, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-047x-2021-7-1-70-75.
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The article provides a theoretical analysis of Part 1 of Article 82 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which defines the regime in correctional institutions of the Russian penal system. It is noted that this definition does not correspond to the achievements of modern penitentiary scientific thought about the regime. In particular, it is emphasized that the regime cannot provide conditions for serving a sentence, since it includes these conditions. Also, the regime cannot ensure the protection of convicts, supervision over them and separate maintenance of different categories of convicts, since, on the contrary, the latter are the means of ensuring the regime. According to the authors of the article, the legislator incorrectly uses the phrase regime of detention of convicts, meaning regime of serving a sentence, since they are different legal phenomena. It is noted that the most optimal definition of the regime is presented in the theoretical model of the general part of the new Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, prepared by a group of authors, but the authors also subjected this definition to some adjustments.
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Carhart-Harris, Robin L., Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Leor Roseman, Mendel Kaelen, Wouter Droog, Kevin Murphy, Enzo Tagliazucchi, et al. "Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 17 (April 11, 2016): 4853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1518377113.
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Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is the prototypical psychedelic drug, but its effects on the human brain have never been studied before with modern neuroimaging. Here, three complementary neuroimaging techniques: arterial spin labeling (ASL), blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) measures, and magnetoencephalography (MEG), implemented during resting state conditions, revealed marked changes in brain activity after LSD that correlated strongly with its characteristic psychological effects. Increased visual cortex cerebral blood flow (CBF), decreased visual cortex alpha power, and a greatly expanded primary visual cortex (V1) functional connectivity profile correlated strongly with ratings of visual hallucinations, implying that intrinsic brain activity exerts greater influence on visual processing in the psychedelic state, thereby defining its hallucinatory quality. LSD’s marked effects on the visual cortex did not significantly correlate with the drug’s other characteristic effects on consciousness, however. Rather, decreased connectivity between the parahippocampus and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) correlated strongly with ratings of “ego-dissolution” and “altered meaning,” implying the importance of this particular circuit for the maintenance of “self” or “ego” and its processing of “meaning.” Strong relationships were also found between the different imaging metrics, enabling firmer inferences to be made about their functional significance. This uniquely comprehensive examination of the LSD state represents an important advance in scientific research with psychedelic drugs at a time of growing interest in their scientific and therapeutic value. The present results contribute important new insights into the characteristic hallucinatory and consciousness-altering properties of psychedelics that inform on how they can model certain pathological states and potentially treat others.
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Ribas, Larissa Virgínia da Silva, Artur Paiva Coutinho, Laurent Lassabatere, Severino Martins dos Santos Neto, Suzana Maria Gico Lima Montenegro, Ana Emília Carvalho de Gusmão da Cunha Rabelo, Rafael Angulo Jaramillo, and Alfredo Ribeiro Neto. "Effect of the choice of different methods on the permeable pavement hydraulic characterization and hydrological classification." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 69, no. 3 (August 10, 2021): 332–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2021-0018.
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Abstract The permeable pavement is a compensatory drainage technique for urban waters that aims to control runoff and to ensure ideal hydrological conditions. This work had as main objectives to evaluate the infiltration capacity of a permeable pavement (PP) at real scale, through analytical and numerical modeling. It relies on water infiltration experiments and related modeling for the hydrodynamic characterization of the coating layer (saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks , and sorptivity, S). A large panel of analytical and numerical models was considered, and several estimates were obtained. Then, the criteria for the evaluation of the maintenance requirement of the permeable pavements were computed for all the Ks -estimates considering the NCRS standards (assessment of permeability levels). The results indicated nice fits and accurate estimates for both the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the sorptivity. However, the Ks -estimates depended on the considered model and led to contrasting results in terms of classification. For 8 of the 9 models, the value of the Ks -estimate leads to the classification of “Group A” of the NCRS soil classification, meaning a very permeable material. In contrasts, the last method (numerical inverse modeling) classified the permeable pavement as “Group D”, i.e., soils with low permeability. Those results show the importance of the selection of characterization methods regarding the assessment of the hydrological classification of permeable pavements.
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Gulay, A. V., and V. M. Zaitsev. "Intelligent Mechatronic System as an Adaptive Model Having "Controlled Construction"." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 10 (October 10, 2019): 600–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.600-608.
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The authors develop an adaptive approach to synthesis of intelligent digital models, which have acquitted particular significance during the research of controlled mechanical constructions. Capacity for generation of active reactions to external functional and energy impacts is a distinctive feature, when the object automatically finds rational or optimal states by means of respective adaptation to the aforesaid impacts. The paper presents principles of intelligent model construction, which simulates the processes of controlled transitions between various states of "the controlled construction" in presence of NON-factors. The principle of cyclic adaptive control has been taken as the basis of generation of the "controlled construction" intelligent model, where in every cycle the managerial decision generation technology is implemented, which provides maintenance of the current construction state or its transition to a more preferable state. The identification process for identification of states of the studied construction has been analyzed, and it assumes comparison of the current values of its parameters corresponding to microstates of the informational image along with classification parameters of the preliminary designated multiple taxons of microstates. A taxonomic scheme was offered for this purpose based on the use of five main taxons having the definite system meaning. It has been shown that application of the squared distance metrics to median abscissa of the selected intervals is technologically sufficient as a proximity measure of the parameter value to the taxon of microstates. The management scenario has been considered in the intelligent mechatronic system, which displays transitions between the optimal states of "the controlled construction" under the influence of external factors. An example, of the intelligent model of mechanical construction is shown in the form of a pulse-type regulator for control of the executive mechanism of system reactions. Construction of the pulse-type regulator is based on the use of the virtual signal formation scheme of mismatch between the current value of the input signal and its value defined by the intelligent system setting mechanism. This mismatch is subject to discrete convolution with the tabulated and abridged original of the required pulse characteristic. It is also shown that sufficiently economical recurrent interrelations for calculations according to mismatch values are formed during construction of the model on the basis of proportional integral and differential regulators.
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Kontošić Pamić, Roberta, Iva Slivar, and Tamara Floričić. "Indoor Camping in Fortified Heritage Buildings: A New Way of Sustainable Tourism Valorization." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 25, 2021): 1215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031215.
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Indoor camping is an innovative, sustainable model of accommodation, the least intrusive one in solid facilities. Its temporary tourism function demands almost no additional construction work, meaning no permanent modification of space is needed for tourism purposes. Fortifications and defence buildings are recognised as valuable cultural attractions and present an anthropogenic resource with potential for touristic valorisation, both as sightseeing facilities as well as accommodation facilities. This paper explores the connection between the requirements of heritage protection of fortifications and the requirements of the application of indoor camping in these fortifications. The purpose of this paper is to help conserve fortifications by providing funding for their maintenance with the application of this innovative accommodation model respecting the principles of sustainability and health and safety standards in post-Covid tourism. The goal is to provide a general framework that could reconcile tourism businesses on one side and conservators on the other. The main scientific contribution is summarised in the framework of adequate implementation of indoor camping in fortified buildings according to conservators’ requirements. The interview technique was used to assess this. The authors found that indoor camping can be a suitable accommodation model in fortified buildings. The key limitation of the model is based on the fact that an individual approach is necessary for every heritage building, as well as fortification, since they are unique. Therefore, each application of an indoor camping model should receive a proper conservators’ permit before the entrepreneurship venture. Furthermore, the opinions of key stakeholders were also investigated.
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Herbst, Austin Gregory, Peter Olds, Gabriel Nuwagaba, Samson Okello, and Jessica Haberer. "Patient experiences and perspectives on hypertension at a major referral hospital in rural southwestern Uganda: a qualitative analysis." BMJ Open 11, no. 1 (January 2021): e040650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040650.
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ObjectivesNovel care models are needed to address the large burden of hypertension globally. We aimed to explore how patients in rural Uganda experience and perceive hypertension in order to understand factors that may inform development of a patient-centred care model for hypertension management in this setting.DesignWe conducted one-time, in-depth qualitative interviews focusing on participants’ experiences and perceptions of the meaning and management of hypertension.SettingOutpatient clinic at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda.ParticipantsWe enrolled patients who had hypertension and had used antihypertensive medication for at least 1 month. We used purposive sampling to recruit 30 participants with similar representation by gender and by absence or presence of comorbid conditions.ResultsParticipants had been diagnosed and initiated care at various clinical stages of hypertension, which impacted their understanding of hypertension. Several participants saw hypertension as a chronic disease that can lead to complications if not controlled, while others attributed symptoms typically associated with other diseases to hypertension. Participants described inconsistent access to antihypertensive medications and difficulty with transport to the clinic (time needed and expense) as the major barriers to access to care. Initiation and maintenance of care were facilitated by family support and ready access to health facilities. Many participants identified an understanding of the important lifestyle and dietary changes required to control hypertension.ConclusionsPatients with hypertension in rural Uganda demonstrated a varied understanding and experience with hypertension. Interventions leveraging family support may help with patient education and clinical management. Integration of patient perspectives into the care model, patient-centred care, may serve as a successful model for hypertension and potentially delivery of care for other non-communicable diseases in Uganda and other similar resource-limited settings.
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Fager, Patrik, Martina Calzavara, and Fabio Sgarbossa. "Modelling time efficiency of cobot-supported kit preparation." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 106, no. 5-6 (December 18, 2019): 2227–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-019-04679-x.
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AbstractKitting – meaning to supply assembly with components in presorted kits – is widely seen as beneficial for assembly quality and efficiency when there is a multitude of component variants. However, the process by which kits are prepared – the kit preparation – is labour-intensive, and kit errors are problematic at assembly processes. The use of robotics to support kit preparation has received some attention by researchers, but literature is lacking with respect to how collaborative robots – cobots – can support kit preparation activities. The purpose of this paper is to identify the potential of a cobot to support time-efficient batch preparation of kits. To address the purpose, the paper presents a mathematical model for estimation of the cycle time associated with cobot-supported kit preparation. The model is applied in a numerical example with experimental data from laboratory experiments, and cobot-supported kit preparation is compared with manual kit preparation. The findings suggest that cobot-supported kit preparation is beneficial with diverse kits and smaller components quantities per SKU (Stock Keeping Unit) and provides less variability of the outcome, when compared to manual kit preparation. The paper reveals several insights about cobot-supported kit preparation that can be valuable for both academics and practitioners. The model developed can be used by practitioners to assess the potential of cobots to support kit-batch preparation in association with assembly, spare parts, repair and maintenance, or business to business industry.
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Gupta, N., K. Polkoff, and J. Piedrahita. "231 Novel protocol for the invitro maintenance and expansion of adult epidermal LGR5+ stem cells." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, no. 2 (2020): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv32n2ab231.
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Currently, the standard for treatment of full-thickness skin wounds is skin grafts or bioengineered skin substitutes; however, this method is limited by the amount of intact donor skin and lack of follicles and architecture. Thus, a protocol is needed for the expansion and differentiation of adult epidermal and hair follicle stem cells for use in scaffold mediated tissue engineering. Recently, we developed a transgenic porcine model in which H2B-GFP is under the control of the LGR5 promoter. LGR5 is an established marker of stem cells, meaning this model can be used to track the development and behaviour of these cells. The focus of this project was to create a novel culture method for the maintenance and expansion of LGR5+ epidermal adult stem cells utilising the green fluorescent protein (GFP) tag. Single cell epidermal stem cells were isolated from porcine skin using dispase II (10mgmL−1; Sigma) and trypsin (0.05%; Corning). Porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFF) or mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) were grown to 95% confluence in a 6-well plate. Feeder layer cells were mitotically inactivated by incubation with mitomycin C (Sigma Aldrich, 10μgmL−1). Three different media were tested: basal medium [Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM), penicillin/streptomycin, Corning; Ham's F12, ThermoFisher; fetal bovine serum, Gemini Bio-Products], basal media + 5-azacytidine (Sigma Aldrich) and CHIR99021 (Tocris), or basal media + keratinocyte growth supplements (transferrin, hydrocortisone, T3, adenine, insulin, cholera toxin; Sigma Aldrich, epidermal growth factor; R&D Systems). Epidermal cells were plated in each medium for both PFF and MEF feeder layers. Experiments were performed in technical duplicates and replicated 3 times. On Day 9, total numbers of colonies in each well were counted and number of GFP-positive cells were quantified using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health). Results in Table 1 show that overall, the MEF feeder layer was able to support a higher rate of growth (P<0.05) and maintain the LGR5+ lineage at a higher proportion under all of the experimental conditions (P<0.05). In the growth-supplemented media, MEFs had fewer colonies than PFFs, but MEF colonies were, on average, 2.5 times larger (P<0.05). Conditions containing 5-aza and CHIR were the only conditions to maintain the LGR5+ lineage on the feeder layer. Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were determined using two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's HSD test. Next, LGR5+ cells will be plated in media containing additional growth factors to stimulate expansion, while using CHIR and 5-aza to maintain the LGR5+ lineage. This protocol could be used in scaffolds to create three-dimensional growth of skin invitro and lead to better grafts for burn victims. Table 1.Growth of LGR5+ cells in different media including 5-azacytidine (5-aza), CHIR 99021 (CHIR), and keratinocyte growth supplements Group1 Basal medium (BM) BM + 5-aza+ CHIR BM + growth supplements No. of colonies/well MEF 127.7±40.8AB 189.3±16.9A 87.3±14.6B PFF 65.0±14.1A 83.3±17.0AB 148±33.7B Average no. of GFP+ cells per frame MEF 0.5±0.8B 65.7±18.4A 1.8±1.7B PFF 0.9±1.0B 22.6±4.5A 0.3±0.6B A,BValues within rows with different superscripts differ (P ≤ 0.05). 1MEF=mouse embryonic fibroblasts; PFF=porcine fetal fibroblasts.
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Chatzistamatis, S., P. Kalaitzis, K. Chaidas, C. Chatzitheodorou, E. E. Papadopoulou, G. Tataris, and N. Soulakellis. "FUSION OF TLS AND UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY DATA FOR POST-EARTHQUAKE 3D MODELING OF A CULTURAL HERITAGE CHURCH." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (March 6, 2018): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-143-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Nowadays, the necessity of heritage documentation is essential for monitoring, maintenance, and understanding needed for conservation. The survey phase has been considerably improved using cutting-edge technologies such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Terrestrial Laser Scanners (TLS). Both of these technologies have been applied in heritage documentation individually or combined. Heritage documentation in a post-natural disaster is a situation that requires rapid data acquisition on a hazardous field. On 12th of June 2017 an earthquake (Mw&thinsp;=&thinsp;6.3), south of Lesvos island, Greece occurred, which was devastating for the Vrisa village destroying, among many other buildings the main church. The Greek State decided from the first moment to restore the whole village, which was proclaimed as a “traditional settlement” since 2002, in its original place starting from the church and the school due to the symbolic meaning that those have to a local community. For this purpose, a 3D model of the church was requested by the authorities for damage assessment. In this paper TLS and UAV photogrammetry has been used in an integrated design to rapidly facilitate the acquisition of the whole church, eliminating all possible occlusions. The TLS was exploited for the acquisition of the facades while the UAV was used for the acquisition of the roof. The recent improvement of the post-processing algorithms provided the ability to implement the fusion of TLS and UAV models and deliver an accurate 3D model of the whole church the same day that the survey was conducted.</p>
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Müller, Roland H., Thore Rohwerder, and Hauke Harms. "Carbon Conversion Efficiency and Limits of Productive Bacterial Degradation of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether and Related Compounds." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 6 (January 12, 2007): 1783–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01899-06.
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ABSTRACT The utilization of the fuel oxygenate methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and related compounds by microorganisms was investigated in a mainly theoretical study based on the YATP concept. Experiments were conducted to derive realistic maintenance coefficients and K s values needed to calculate substrate fluxes available for biomass production. Aerobic substrate conversion and biomass synthesis were calculated for different putative pathways. The results suggest that MTBE is an effective heterotrophic substrate that can sustain growth yields of up to 0.87 g g−1, which contradicts previous calculation results (N. Fortin et al., Environ. Microbiol. 3:407-416, 2001). Sufficient energy equivalents were generated in several of the potential assimilatory routes to incorporate carbon into biomass without the necessity to dissimilate additional substrate, efficient energy transduction provided. However, when a growth-related kinetic model was included, the limits of productive degradation became obvious. Depending on the maintenance coefficient m s and its associated biomass decay term b, growth-associated carbon conversion became strongly dependent on substrate fluxes. Due to slow degradation kinetics, the calculations predicted relatively high threshold concentrations, S min, below which growth would not further be supported. S min strongly depended on the maximum growth rate μ ma x , and b and was directly correlated with the half maximum rate-associated substrate concentration K s , meaning that any effect impacting this parameter would also change S min. The primary metabolic step, catalyzing the cleavage of the ether bond in MTBE, is likely to control the substrate flux in various strains. In addition, deficits in oxygen as an external factor and in reduction equivalents as a cellular variable in this reaction should further increase K s and S min for MTBE.
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Jagiełło, Marzanna. "Do We Need a New Florence Charter? The Importance of Authenticity for the Maintenance of Historic Gardens and Other Historic Greenery Layouts in the Context of Source Research (Past) and Taking into Account the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Idea (Future)." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 4900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094900.
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This year, 40 years have passed since the adoption of the basic document for the protection of historic gardens, i.e., the Florence Charter. During this time, its recommendations have been verified by both conservation and researchers’ actions, who in various environments discussed its meaning as well as its essential shortcomings. Some of the provisions of the Charter were criticized in the context of the effects of their use, especially those relating to the issue of historic gardens fundamental protection, namely to authenticity in its various scopes with particular emphasis on the use of source research which raises many reservations for conservation actions. Moreover, their excessively superficial interpretation, which was demonstrated by the example of the most popular plant used in regular gardens, namely boxwood. This article presents and analyzes the most important theses of these discussions and the main axes of the dispute, dividing them into two parts, i.e., the first relating to authenticity and the other to the use of sources. On this basis, it was necessary to extend these considerations to all kinds of historic greenery. Attention was also paid to the meaning and scope of authenticity which changed along with the expansion of the semantic field in relation to heritage. Furthermore, the fact that since the adoption of the Florence Charter, some of the aspects of authenticity indicated in the article have been included in other documents developed under the auspices of ICOMOS, but usually relating to the heritage as a whole, sometimes considered regionally. Appendices contain the most important doctrinal documents referring separately to authenticity, meaning, as well as types and the scope of the usage of sources. This article presents new contexts in which authenticity connected with climate change and the postulates of the development doctrine should be considered. Additionally, the article indicates the need to extend the conditions in which to start considering the historical greenery areas, which should be treated as an element of green infrastructure. The article also points to the use of new techniques and tools in research on authenticity. The summary indicated the necessity to continue the discussion on aspects of authenticity in relation to historic greenery layouts. Taking into account all the above aspects and at the same time meeting the ICOMOS “Journeys for Authenticity” initiative, As part of the conclusions from the analyzes carried out in the article, a model of procedure was proposed. It aims to bring us closer to the preparation of a new document recommending the protection of historic greenery, addressing both critical comments about the present Florence Charta, as well as new challenges and opportunities. This model is shown by means of a diagram. Part of it is a set of themes around which around which the debate on the new Florence Charter could be launched. They were assigned to four panels, i.e., I. Historic greenery as an element of heritage: II. Authenticity of historic greenery complexes in research and conservation strategies; III. Authenticity of historic greenery complexes and sustainable development; IV. New techniques and tools in research on the authenticity of historic greenery layouts.
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Ilter, Ilhan. "Effects of the Instruction in Inferring Meanings From Context on the Comprehension of Middle School Students at Frustration Reading Level." Journal of Education 198, no. 3 (October 2018): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022057418818818.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the context clue instruction program to infer meaning from context as a way to enhance reading comprehension. Participants were fifth-grade middle school students (four boys) who were at a frustration reading level (initial comprehension score range = 40%-48%) at their grade level. In addition, one student served as a control participant and did not any receive instruction in this study. A multiple-baseline across-students design was used. All the instruction for the three experimental participants was one on one using the direct instruction method. Maintenance of treatment effects was probed at 2, 4, and 6 weeks following the intervention for Participants 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The results demonstrated that the instructional program produced increases in all three experimental participants’ comprehension scores to above 70% (range = 75%-82%) as measured by the short-answer questions; thus, they found they achieved an instructional level score in their comprehension after the instruction. The social validity results confirmed that participants enjoyed the intervention, and had a better understanding of what they read through individual experience on the strategy of learning from context. The information gained from this study suggested that a strategy instruction concerning the use of context clues may be a useful component (Tier 2 setting) of response to intervention (RTI) model for students who struggle with reading comprehension.
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Porras-Alvarado, Juan Diego, Michael R. Murphy, Hui Wu, Zhe Han, Zhanmin Zhang, and Mike Arellano. "Analytical Hierarchy Process to Improve Project Prioritization in the Austin District, Texas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2613, no. 1 (January 2017): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2613-04.
Full textAbstract:
A project candidate selection and ranking model (PCSRM) is commonly applied in pavement maintenance and rehabilitation planning. Typically, these models use empirical mathematical expressions that do not have a clear physical meaning and cannot accurately assess the priority of transportation agencies or pavement engineers. To overcome this limitation, this study developed a method, based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), to identify pavement-related factors and improve the accuracy of the PCSRMs currently used by the Austin District (Texas Department of Transportation) in its 4-year plan. The aim was to identify pavement-related factors that reflected the engineering judgment of transportation agencies and pavement engineers. The proposed method had three major components: AHP design, AHP survey and results analysis, and factors selection. A three-tier hierarchy structure of one objective, five goals, and 18 alternatives was defined. Additionally, a system to check for consistency was developed on the basis of literature recommendations. An Excel-based survey tool was developed with the objective of providing a relatively easy visual interface for the participants. The design and development of the survey tool were carried out in collaboration with the district pavement preservation engineer. Seventeen Texas Department of Transportation pavement experts completed the AHP survey with the required consistency ratio. Clustering analysis was performed to identify the pavement-related factors that showed the highest priorities. The factors with the highest overall weights should be considered in future PCSRM improvement.
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van der Graaf, Peter, Mandy Cheetham, Amelia Lake, Mark Welford, Rosemary Rushmer, Janet Shucksmith, and Avril Rhodes. "Mobilising knowledge in public health: reflections on ten years of collaborative working in Fuse, the Centre for Translational Research in Public Health." Evidence & Policy: A Journal of Research, Debate and Practice 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2020): 673–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204080519x15619879036817.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Fuse was established in 2008 as one of five public health research centres of excellence in the UK funded by the UK Clinical Research Centres collaboration. The centre works across five universities in the North East of England. This is an innovative collaboration and enables the pooling of research expertise. A prime focus of the centre is not just the production of excellent research, but also its translation into usable evidence, a dual focus that remains uncommon.Aims/objectives: This practice paper outlines Fuse’s approach to knowledge exchange (KE) by reflecting on ten years of collaborative research between academics and policy and practice partners in the North East of England. We will describe the principles and assumption underlying our approach and outline a conceptual model of four steps in Fuse’s KE process to develop collaborative research and achieve meaningful impact on policy and practice.Key conclusions: Our model describes a fluid and dynamic approach to knowledge exchange broken down in four steps in the KE process that are concurrent, iterative and vary in intensity over time: awareness raising; knowledge sharing; making evidence fit for purpose; and supporting uptake and implementation of evidence. These steps support the relational context of KE. Relationship building and maintenance is essential for all stages of KE to develop trust and explore the meaning and usefulness of evidence in a multi-directional information flow that supports the co-creating and application of evidence.