Academic literature on the topic 'Meaning of prison tattoos'

With their roots set deep in the tradition of many different cultures, carrying the mark of social stigma throughout the early ages of modern prison systems development, and finally, becoming fashion accessories inseparable from modern pop culture, tattoos obtain a rather specific meaning if made behind the prison walls. There are several reasons for that: their symbolism, the roles they have inside the prison community, their relation to criminal behaviour, their impact on offender’s re-socialization and re-offending as well as the health risks they cause. Having in mind the worldwide presence of this phenomenon and its local manifestations, the authors of this paper analyse its socio-genesis, taxonomy, functions and consequences as well as potential responses aimed at mitigating the negative impacts of prison tattoos on the life, health and reintegration of offenders.

The article proves the special role of the linguistic examination of tattoos in the process of proving a person's involvement in the organization and management of criminal groups. A semiotic classification of tattoos used by so-called code-bound criminals is proposed. In the course of expert practice, the author was able to establish that in the criminal world, tattoos represent a logical system of postulates and criminal ideas. Therefore, the main thing for an expert linguist should be knowledge of the subculture of the criminal world: thieves' rules of conduct, argot, proverbs and sayings of the criminal community, prison songs, nicknames, the meaning of criminal symbols. It is important to keep in mind that tattooing is a gradual process and reflects the acquired criminal experience.

The rise of the use of tattoos at this time is proof that the elements of cultural order and people’spattern of thought have changed especially in Bengkulu city. Tattoos ware once a sign of crime, but nows tattoos have become commonplace and even today tattoos have become a medium of art of self-expression that carries meanings of one's life journey. This study aims to determine self-expression and the meaning of tattoos as a medium of selfexpression in the tattoo userscommunity users in Bengkulu city. This research uses Charles Sanders Peirce theory and method of data analysis techniques (triangel meaning) which consists of signs, object (object), interpreters (interpretant). To convince the results of the analysis in this study, the authors chose several informants consisting of 5 informan namely 3 men and 2 women with different forms of tattoos. The results of this study prove that tattoos are symbolic art that can be a medium for someone to express themselves disappointed selfexpression, love, self-identity and others. Referring to the sign consists of qualisign that we can see in the tattoo of a rose-headed skull, the sinsignnamely tattoo scissors and a sewing machine and legisianis skull-headed pineapple tattoo. The second is an object consists of an icon that is the faces tattoo of the queens such as Queen DwiSiren, Queen Isabella I, then index the arrow tattoos and the tattoos of the faces of the two boys. Symbol is the queen’s face figure tattoo and Doraemon and Tinkerbell cartoon characters. The third interpretant consists of rhemes, namely rose tattoos and then signedare tattoo scissors and sewing machines and the last argument is all the reasons why the informant made the tattoo. Tattoos on a person's body have meanings such as meaning of the expressions of love for two boys, a birthday presents for the wife, a form of affection for the mother, disappointed the be born in the midst of a broken home family, hope of having a life like a queen and others. Keywords: tattoos, self-expression media, semiotic

This study aims to examine the meaning of the reality of individual social interest in body art tattooing or tattooing as an identity so that they bind themselves into a social community. Tattoos in Indonesia with the inherent negative stigmatization, have the complexity of debate in the dynamics of their presence in the public sphere. This paper presents one perspective, especially from the point of view of tattoo owners regarding their perceptions of the motives for tattooing that they do. By conducting observations and in-depth interviews in an effort to make a qualitative scientific explanation of the ownership motives of tattoos by community members. By triangulation techniques, the author builds a constructivist framework of the perception of tattoos in the community. This study found that a person's main motivation for having a tattoo is preceded by a desire to express artistic or artistic desires. When this accumulation of shared desires takes place, business motives and identity construction become a trigger for the formation of the tattoo community

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how consumers view sponsorship tattoos. This study specifically addresses three research questions: first, how consumers view the idea of sponsorship tattooing; second, how the brand of the tattoo alters acceptance of the tattoo; and third, how the placement on the body of the athlete affects acceptance of the tattoo. Design/methodology/approach To address these research questions, focus groups were conducted. Findings Findings highlighted three important themes related to tattoos, sponsorships and brand perceptions: meaning of the tattoo itself, meaning related to the brand and the tattoo and meaning related to the tattoo and athlete. Practical implications For practitioners, this research highlights the complexity between consumers’ interaction with brands through sponsorship tattoos, which is a complicated, multi-dimensional process during which meaning can be assigned to multiple facets of the sponsorship relationship. Originality/value For scholars, this research offers a glimpse into an emerging trend that ties together the multi-billion dollar sports and tattoo industries. In sum, this research identifies ways in which consumers interpret meaning related to the tattoo itself, the brand and the athlete based on placement, sport and brand perceptions.

This thesis attempts to review how the Young People of Tattoo Alley interpret tattoos and social movements carried out to fight stigma. The process of extracting data is done through a qualitative approach. This study uses data collection techniques such as observation, interviews and documentation. The research location is in Tattoo Alley, Kemantren Village, Malang Regency. The process of data analysis is done through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Meanwhile, the validity of the data was examined using source triangulation techniques. The results of this study indicate that: First, there are two types of meaning of tattoos that are distinguished by phase, namely the first phase of meaning of tattoos tends to be negative, while the second phase of tattoos is more positively interpreted. Second, forms of social movements undertaken by Tattoo Alley Young People to fight stigma and discrimination include: conducting tutoring, training in mask craft, training in traditional musical instruments, and implementing teaching programs conducted by thugs.

Tattoos and children’s literature seem to have little in common, but they come together in the form of children’s literature tattoos, which I argue in this article to be a new form of life narrative. A lot of literary tattoos are inspired by children’s literature such as the Harry Potter-series and Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. Despite being inspired by a literary work, the tattoos function as personal memoirs of childhood as well as a reflection of the tattooees’ hopes for the future and who they want to become. I empirically study these children’s literature tattoos as life narratives by combining three data sets: blogs with personal stories related to literary tattoos, an online questionnaire about the meaning of children’s literature tattoos for tattooees themselves, and semi-structured interviews. Based on my research, I argue that children’s literature tattoos tell personal stories about the tattooees and their lives and can thus be considered a form of life narrative. Children’s literature tattoos narrate what someone has been through, what someone likes, but most of all the things that shape the person and that they hope will continue to shape them in the future.

The main subject of the paper is a critical evaluation of meaning behind ban on tattoos in Lev 19:26-28 and analysis of historic and cultural contexts of the practice in antiquity. An exempt of Leviticus is deeply entrenched in its context of commandments which forbid imitating religious customs of surrounding cultures and their magical practices, so the research into all of contexts allows reaching main motivation behind the ban and main meaning behind the practice in Israel and in antiquity in general. First step is analysis of motivation for getting tattoos in Israel’s neighboring countries to determine main reasons which led ancient people to tattooing and being tattooed. Then, we undergo a thorough philological and exegetical analysis of bans in vv. 26–28, which allows us to understand perspectives which followed authors of ancient biblical translations. Next, after an overview of rabbinic literature we form main conclusions concerning tattoos practice in Leviticus.

This thesis explores the concepts of ‘crime’, justice and punishment through the narratives of male ex‐prisoners. I adopt a critical criminological perspective and seek to humanise those who have been made monstrous by their status as ex‐prisoners by allowing their stories to be heard. I provide a unique examination of ex‐prisoners’ identities and argue that if we allow those who have experienced prison to tell their stories, new theories and counter discourses about prisons and justice can develop. By hearing these stories we are forced to confront the ex‐prisoner ‘other’, and must explain our own fears, disgust, pity, vitriol, but also fascination with those who have been punished. In hearing the stories of the ex‐prisoner ‘other’, we must reflect on what demands for ever harsher penalties, greater restrictions on liberty, disenfranchisement, and the denial of full human rights does: to those whom we focus these pains upon, and on us, as a society, who believe pain is the equivalent of justice. The methodology of the thesis involved life story research with 15 male ex‐prisoners. Utilising intertextuality, myth and mythology, the arc of the ex‐prisoners’ life stories is followed in analysing: life before prison, imprisonment, and life after prison. In doing this, consideration is given to the outlaw identities of the men when they were actively involved in offending, the prison myths that shaped their experience of incarceration, and the mutable identities that they adopt on release. The stories recounted here offer new ways of understanding ‘crime’, justice and imprisonment. They also, I argue, have the power to problematize existing discourses about prisons and punishment, and to open up new possibilities for social justice.

Background: Segregation, within the context of this study, is the removal of a prisoner from the wider prison to an environment that is regimented and controlling, and functions through enforced solitude. There is very little research that explores this environment from the perspective of the prisoners who experience it. By using the voices of the prisoners this study provides rich description of the conceptual understanding of how they and resolved their segregation experiences. Research Aim: The aim of this research was to develop a grounded theory of how prisoners gave meaning to their segregated environment experience. Methodology: This study was guided by a constructivist epistemology and the principles and process of grounded theory (Constructivist Grounded Theory) as described by Glaser, Strauss, and Charmaz. Data was gathered from a participant group of prisoners who were experiencing, or had experienced within the previous two months, time in segregation, from one specific Category A prison, as well as comparable case studies. Data was collected through semi structured interviews, and case study documentary analysis, and analysed using the concurrent processes of constant comparative analysis, data collection, and theoretical sampling. Results: The participants expressed that the main concern of their time in segregation was a desire to survive this experience. They expressed this desire, and the actions and behaviours necessary to achieve it, through a process conceptualised as reframing contextual power. This has three 'subcategories‘ 'Power Posturing', 'Power Positioning', and 'Power Playing', each comprising of further subdivisions of the conceptualisation of the participants main concern. These consisted of 'Knowing Fixed Rules', 'Reading Emergent Rules', 'Relating', 'Resistance', 'Being Bad', 'Being Mad', and 'Being Cool'. Power was the major interlinking concept and this was fundamental to the strategies and actions necessary for the participants to achieve their main concern. While presented as three distinct 'subcategories‘ they are neither independent nor hierarchical, rather they are interconnected and interlinked. The participants were active in the utilisation and enactment of power actions and not passive recipients of power. A theoretical exploration of the power inherent in reframing contextual power demonstrated that no one theory or approach can sufficiently explain power within this context. It is proposed that, drawing from a number of theorists, an integrated approach to viewing and understanding such power is required to allow for a more sophisticated understanding of how the participants reframe contextual power. Conclusions: The findings of this study provide a method of understanding how the participants engaged with, and utilised complex strategies to survive the segregated environment experience. The findings also contribute to how we understand the processes of power within this current (and similar) context(s). I consider that the uniqueness of this thesis is important as it contributes to the extant body of knowledge in this field and thus offers a salient message relating to the (potential) future of segregation and the solitary confinement of prisoners.

Tattoo culture and the community it has created have undergone a renaissance since the 1980s. Persons with tattoos now account for an estimated 34% of the North American population between the ages of 18-30. Despite this relatively recent surge towards acceptance of tattoos in the current social context, much of the academic literature and media portrayals of tattoos characterize social deviancy among tattoo enthusiasts. Tattoo enthusiasts are pushed to the periphery of society and marginalized as bikers, criminals, and people with psychological problems. The purpose of this study is to describe and understand tattoo culture in a way that is accessible to non-members of that culture, particularly teachers and parents. The primary research questions proposed by this study include what motivates people to become tattooed, what motivates members of the tattooed community to stay minimally involved in the culture or to increase their involvement, and how members of the community perceive their tattoos within the current social context. To answer these questions, this study focuses on the lived experiences of six tattoo enthusiasts from one small community. Through the study of these shared experiences, this study questions the nature of tattoos in this small community and whether these acts can be considered deviant or culturally normative.
Thesis (Master, Education) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-24 18:58:45.639

碩士
國立虎尾科技大學
休閒遊憩系碩士在職專班
106
In the capitalistic society , intense competition and enormous stress in workplace have resulted in the outbreak of civilization diseases . Such as depression , bipolar disorder , suicide , drug-taking...etc . And that people start to reconsider the value of human existence and the truth of life . Leisure , under this circumstance , is a way for modern people to vent and relax themselves both mentally and physically .Sentenced people in correction institutions may also face a lot of problems in stress adjustment , especially those with a long period of punishment . For them , the disimprisonment seems no end in sight . It would serve as a more concrete correction goal if promoting some activities to foster their interests and boost their confidence during the prolonged period . The calligraphy class of Yunlin prison has established for more than four year. Those sentenced people who attend the event have gone a long way from pen-holding practice to winning prizes on competitions . The quote “ To transform your own life by the pens in your hand “ is a good description for those people . They built up confidence thorough the process of participation . As far as they are concerned , calligraphy is not only leisure but also spiritual food . I , as the researcher , utilize in-depth interviews method of Qualitative Research to do the research , aiming at the leisure experience of 11 calligraphy event participants . Probing into documents related to some fields such as calligraphy events , leisure involvement , flow experience ... etc . And finally sort out some research questions according to the research topic : 1. The participation cause and situation . 2.The process during calligraphy events . 3. The leisure meaning and value. Then , I extended the research problems of these three dimensions to the interview guide . Hoping to understand more about the leisure meanings and values that lie in calligraphy events and to improve the leisure recognition and leisure depth . Through the research , I found three facts : 1. The experience of participating calligraphy events : Since sentence people had little contact to calligraphy events before they are sentenced and only a few had engaged in legitimate leisure activities , most of them were not confident when they started to learn calligraphy . However , due to the encouragement of the calligraphy teachers and the boost of confidence , they have become enthusiastic in calligraphy gradually. 2.The leisure flow experience of participating calligraphy events : Owing to the happiness of winning the prize and the approve from teachers during the participation of calligraphy events , the sentenced people have felt a sense of comfort .Deeply in their mind , calligraphy is an essential character for their lives . 3.The leisure Benefits experience of participating calligraphy events : On one hand , Yunlin prison put a lot of resources on the calligraphy class by hiring professional teachers outside of the jail and taking part in related competition often. On the other hand , the approve and encouragement from the sentenced people’s family served as a huge inspiration to them . Therefore , in Yunlin prison , we can see the hopes that spring up from their mind despite being in an isolated world . Also, they consider calligraphy as an important leisure activity of their lives .

A tatuagem é uma forma de comunicação inscrita no corpo que, com um sentimento individualista, imprime homenagens, fúrias, alegrias, códigos; muitas com cunhos ideológicos e outros estéticos. Essas opções são produzidas em momentos distintos da vida de seu usuário. As tatuagens agudizam as várias áreas de atuação como a médica, a psicológica e antropológica. Contudo, nesta pesquisa, o foco de interesse foi nas tatuagens feitas por presidiários e foram consideradas aquelas feitas fora e dentro da prisão, onde – nessa população – encontram-se tatuagens com intenções diferenciadas e ficou evidente também que o meio interfere na decisão, motivação de escolhas para tatuar, considerando a mundivivência de cada entrevistado. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas penitenciárias distintas: na P1 (no Brasil) e P2 (em Portugal). Assim, este estudo tem como objetivo identificar as motivações dos presidiários em realizar as tatuagens. Para obter respostas, foram entrevistados 200 participantes com 1.177 tatuagens observadas, das quais 440 produzidas no cárcere. Desse modo, a pesquisa foi exploratória e dentro das necessidades que ela apontou, foram levantados dados de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa com diferentes técnicas de recolha como observação do campo de estudo, perfil dos participantes (população alvo), entrevistas com perguntas semiestruturadas e fotografias individuais. Para as análises, optou-se pela interpretação dos símbolos a partir da semiótica, pois as tatuagens são signos a serem decodificados e a análise de conteúdo interpretada por meio da categorização das tatuagens e das entrevistas, portanto, conseguiu-se traçar transversalmente os propósitos da investigação. Após as análises dos dados, os resultados obtidos apontam que, na categoria Família e Relacionamentos, está concentrado o maior número de tatuagens, das quais 216 e 88 (40%) são direcionadas aos filhos, onde o pertencimento, a homenagem e o estar junto são as principais motivações para realizá-las.
The tattoo is a form of communication inscribed in the body which, with an individualistic feeling, imprints tributes, fury, joys, codes; many with ideological and other with aesthetic characteristics. These options are produced at different times in the life of its user. The tattoos sharpen the various areas of performance such as medical, psychological and anthropological. However, in this research, the focus of interest was on the tattoos made by prisoners and were considered those made outside and inside the prison, where – in that population – there are tattoos with different intentions and it was also evidenced that the environment interferes in the decision, motivation of choices to tattoo, considering the globalization of each interviewee. The research was carried out in two different penitentiaries: in P1 (in Brazil) and in P2 (in Portugal). Thus, this study aims to identify the motivations of prisoners in performing the tattoos. To obtain answers, 200 participants were interviewed and 1.177 tattoos were observed, of which 440 were produced in prison. Therefore, the research was exploratory and within the needs it pointed out, qualitative and quantitative data were collected with different collection techniques such as observation of the field of study, profile of the participants (target population), interviews with semi-structured questions, and individual photographs. For the analyses, the interpretation of the symbols was chosen from the semiotics, because the tattoos are signs to be decoded and the analyses of content interpreted by means of the categorization of the tattoos and of the interviews, then it was possible to outline the purposes of the investigation. After the analyses of the data, the results obtained indicate that the highest number of tattoos are concentrated in the Family and Relationships category, 216 and 88 of which (40%) are directed to the children, where belonging, homage and being together are the main motivation to perform them.
Le tatouage est une forme de communication inscrite dans le corps qui, avec un sentiment individualiste, imprime des hommages, des fureurs, des joies, des codes ; beaucoup avec des caractéristiques idéologiques et d'autres esthétiques. Ces options sont produites à différents moments de la vie de son utilisateur. Les tatouages aiguisent les différents domaines de performance tels que le médical, le psychologique et l’anthropologique. Cependant, dans cette recherche, le centre d'intérêt a été sur les tatouages faits par des détenus et ont été considérés ceux faits à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de la prison, où – dans cette population – il y a des tatouages avec des intentions différentes et il a été évident que l’environnement interfère dans la décision, la motivation des choix de tatouage, compte tenu de la globalisation de chaque interviewé. La recherche a été menée dans deux pénitenciers différents : P1 (au Brésil) et P2 (au Portugal). Donc, cette étude vise à identifier les motivations des prisonniers dans l'exécution des tatouages. Pour obtenir des réponses, ont été interrogés 200 participants avec 1177 tatouages observés, dont 440 ont été produites en prison. Ainsi, la recherche a été exploratoire et dans les besoins qu’elle a indiqués, des données de nature qualitative et quantitative ont été collectées avec différentes techniques de collecte telles que l'observation du champ d'étude, le profil des participants (population cible), des entretiens avec des questions semi-structurées et des photos individuelles. Pour les analyses, on a opté pour l'interprétation des symboles à partir de la sémiologie, parce que les tatouages sont des signes à être décodés et l'analyse de contenu interprété par la catégorisation des tatouages et des interviews, donc il a été possible de décrire les objectifs de l’enquête. Après les analyses des données, les résultats obtenus indiquent que, dans la catégorie Famille et Relations, le plus grand nombre de tatouages est concentré, dont 216 et 88 (40%) sont dirigés vers les enfants, où l’appartenance, l’hommage et l’être ensemble sont les principales motivations pour les exécuter.

Is there meaning in suffering or ts suffering only a soul-destroying experience from which nothing positive can emerge? In seeking to answer this question, a heuristic study was made of the experiences and views of the famous Auschwitz survivor, Viktor Frankl, supplemented by an exploration of the life-worlds of other Nazi concentration camp survivors. The underlying premise was that if meaning can be found in the worst sufferings imaginable, then meaning can be found in every other situation of suffering. Seeking to illuminate the views of Frankl and to gain a deeper grasp of the phenomenon of suffering, the theoretical and personal views of mainstream psychologists regarding the nature of man and the meaning of hi.~ sufferings were studied. Since the focus of this research was on the suffering of the Holocaust survivor, the Holocaust as the context of the present study, was studied as a crisis of meaning and as psychological adversity. In trying to establish the best way to gain entry into the life-world of the Holocaust survivor, the research methods employed in Holocaust survivor studies were reviewed and, for the purposes of this study, found wanting. The choice and employment of a heuristic method yielded rich data which illuminated the fact that, through a series of heroic choices Frankl, and the survivors who became research participants, could attain spiritual triumph in the midst of suffering caused by an evil and inhumane regime. Hitherto unexplored areas of psychological maturity were revealed by these heroes of suffering from which the following conclusions could be drawn: Man attains the peaks of moral excellence through suffering. Suffering can have meaning. Suffering can call us out of the moral apathy and mindlesness of mere existence. The Holocaust, one of the most tragic events in human history, contains, paradoxically, a challenge to humankind. Resisting the pressure to sink to the level of a brute fight for mere survival, Frankl and the research participants continued to exercise those human values important to them and triumphantly maintained their human dignity and self-respect. Evidence was provided that man has the power to overcome evil with good.
Psychology
D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)