Relevant bibliographies by topics / Meaning, semantics

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Meaning, semantics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 December 2022
Last updated: 26 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Meaning, semantics"

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Pye, Clifton. "A METAPHORICAL THEORY OF MEANING." Linguistik Indonesia 35, no. 1 (February 25, 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/li.v35i1.52.

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Languages combine form and meaning in order to express an infinite number of ideas. Modern linguistics has developed sophisticated methods to probe the formal structure of languages from phonetics to syntax, but the study of meaning remains relatively unexplored. The lack of sophisticated methods to document the semantic structure of languages remains a significant problem for work with endangered languages. Research in semantics is limited by semantic theories that can be traced back to Plato and Aristotle. These theories assume that languages use a universal set of semantic elements to construct meaning. The classical theories cannot account for semantic change and an explanation of metaphor is completely beyond the scope of such theories. In this paper I propose a theory of semantics that puts metaphor at the center of semantics. Rather than create an artificial dichotomy between figurative and non-figurative language, the metaphorical approach to semantics assumes that all languages are figurative. This approach assumes that a basic sentence as “The cat is on the mat” combines figurative language with pragmatic information to communicate a basic proposition. This approach differs from that of Lakoff (1993) in that its focus is on metaphoric mapping within cognitive domains rather than between domains. The trick in metaphorical semantics is to learn how to detect the metaphors used in basic linguistic expressions and to construct a theory of semantics based on metaphor.
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Kussmaul, Paul. "Semantic Models and Translating." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 6, no. 1 (January 1, 1994): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.6.1.02kus.

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Abstract This paper examines the relevance of three semantic models for translation. Structural semantics, more specifically semantic feature analysis, has given rise to the maxim that we should translate "bundles of semantic features". Prototype semantics suggests that word-meanings have cores and fuzzy edges which are influenced by culture. For translation this means that we do not necessarily translate bundles of features but have to decide whether to focus on the core or the fuzzy edges of the meaning of a particular word. Scenesand-frames semantics suggests that word meaning is influenced by context and the situation we are in. Word-meaning is thus not static but dynamic, and it is this dynamism which should govern our decisions as translators.
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Jati, Raden Risman. "SEMANTICS IN OBEY CLOTHING T-SHIRT DISCOURSE: A STUDY OF SEMANTICS." Apollo Project: Jurnal Ilmiah Program Studi Sastra Inggris 8, no. 2 (August 14, 2019): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/apollo.v8i2.2110.

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In this study, it is analyzed lexical meaning in a text of written language which is applied on Obey’s T-shirt. These meanings furthermore constructed descriptive interpretations. The theory used in this study is theories of lexical semantics in Mansoer Pateda (2010). Reseach method in this study is descriptive analysis which is conducted by using analytic approach and operational approach of lexical meaning. This approach includes meaning component segmentation and lexical meaning analysis. The result of this study which is conducted on eight product samples is that each product has its own characteristic which can be constructed through interpretation based on lexical meaning of each entity in the product. The lexical meaning which is analyzed is capable to construct meaning related to the object outside the language. Both meaning, lexical and cognitive meanings are able to construct an interpretation as a meaning representation of a text as a whole part.
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Romadlani, Muhammad Masqotul Imam. "A Manipulation of Semantic Meanings as a Humor Construction Strategy." Language Circle: Journal of Language and Literature 15, no. 2 (April 26, 2021): 293–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lc.v15i2.28637.

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This research is conducted to reveal how humorous utterances are constructed by manipulating semantic meaning especially dealing with lexical semantics. Lexical semantics provides multiple meanings that portray their meanings’ relationship among a word and they are potentially exploited to elicit humor. This research examines utterances manipulating lexical semantics as the strategy of humor creation in Mind Your Language situation comedy. Applying a descriptive qualitative approach, the findings indicate that five types of lexical semantics are utilized as strategies of humorous utterances creation. Those types of lexical semantics are polysemy, homonymy, homophone, hyponymy, dan synonymy. Because of their multiple relation meanings, the speaker can refer to other meanings to construct different meanings with the hearer. The speaker constructs an incongruent meaning between what the hearer’s perception is and what the speaker meant. The deviation of lexical semantics between the hearer and the speaker completely illustrates the concept of incongruity theory of humor.
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Dor, Daniel. "From the autonomy of syntax to the autonomy of linguistic semantics." Pragmatics and Cognition 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2000): 325–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.8.2.03dor.

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Current research on the syntax-semantics interface demonstrates the dramatic extent to which syntactic structures constitute transparent reflections of well-defined semantic regularities. As this paper shows, the empirical results accumulated within this framework strongly suggest that a theoretical distinction should be made between two distinct levels of meaning representation: A level of conceptual meaning on the one hand, and a uniquely linguistic level of meaning — Linguistic Semantics — on the other. The semantic notions and regularities which turn out to determine major syntactic phenomena are best interpreted as belonging to the level of Linguistic Semantics, rather than to the level of conceptual meaning. This view helps characterize language as a unique and functional system — a cognitive system whose function is defined at the level of Linguistic Semantics. It explains the fact, most recently highlighted by Levinson (1997), that the expressive power of language, as a tool for the communication of meanings, is constrained in non-trivial ways.
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Boasiako, Albert Antwi. "What “the Semantic Sieve” Determines in the Process of Translation." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 176–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2019-17-2-176-195.

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Semantics is meaning communicated through language (Saeed I.J.). Semantics is the study of relationship between words and their meanings; it is directly linked with the conceptual meaning of words, and the associative meaning. Semantic sieve as a concept is an innovative phenomenon. This linguistic phenomenon is a process whereby a word is dispersed through a semantic tunnel which in some cases produces different meaning. This is explained through different models. The semantic sieve is related to translation, where the deep structure of words differs from the surface structure. There are some concepts and words in Akan and English that are absent in Russian, others are known in Akan but virtually absent in the English language.
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Boasiako, Albert Antwi. "What “the Semantic Sieve” Determines in the Process of Translation." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 17, no. 2 (December 15, 2020): 176–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2020-17-2-176-195.

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Semantics is meaning communicated through language (Saeed I.J.). Semantics is the study of relationship between words and their meanings; it is directly linked with the conceptual meaning of words, and the associative meaning. Semantic sieve as a concept is an innovative phenomenon. This linguistic phenomenon is a process whereby a word is dispersed through a semantic tunnel which in some cases produces different meaning. This is explained through different models. The semantic sieve is related to translation, where the deep structure of words differs from the surface structure. There are some concepts and words in Akan and English that are absent in Russian, others are known in Akan but virtually absent in the English language.
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Kozlov, Ivan M., and Elena S. Kuznetsova. "Semantic Differences between Verb-Nominal Collocations and Corresponding Verbs (As Exemplified by Collocations with Verbs Ispytyvat’ / Ispytat’)." Vestnik NSU. Series: History, Philology 20, no. 9 (December 6, 2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2021-20-9-68-74.

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The following article focuses on semantical differences of verbal-nominal descriptive predicates constructed by verbs ispytyvat’ / ispytat’ from their lexically adequate verbal correlates. The Russian linguistic tradition describes such collocations as verbal periphrasis, and this leads to a misjudgment of their semantical particularity. Our main goal is to describe the differences due to state semantical independence of the collocations from the verbs. The study showed that an emotional state described by descriptive predicates with verbs ispytyvat’ / ispytat’ presupposes no explication, which differs them from some lexically adequate verbal correlates. It reveals an intra-subject nature of their semantics that can be manifested in a specific actant structure or in its implementation. It is also worth noting their semantic complexity and an important role of verbal component: different meanings of the verbal component cause different semantics of whole collocation even with the same nominal one. Thus, particular meaning of a nominal component and of a verbal one makes up semantics of a whole construction. Many types and examples of semantical discrepancy between the verbal-nominal descriptive predicates and their lexically adequate verbal correlates leads to the necessity of describing their semantics departed from the verbal correlates’ meaning and of the refusal to consider them as means of verbal periphrasis.
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Sinha, Chris, and Tania Kuteva. "Distributed Spatial Semantics." Nordic Journal of Linguistics 18, no. 2 (December 1995): 167–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586500000159.

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The “local semantics” approach to the analysis of the meaning of locative particles (e.g. spatial prepositions) is examined, criticized and rejected. An alternative, distributed approach to spatial relational semantics and its linguistic expression is argued for. In the first part of the paper, it is argued that spatial relational semantic information is not exclusively carried in languages such as English by the locative particle, and that “item-specific meanings plus selectional restrictions” cannot save the localist approach. In the second part of the paper, the “covertly” distributed spatial relational semantics of languages such as English is contrasted with the “overtly” distributed spatial relational semantics characterizing many other languages. Some common assumptions relating to the universality of the expression of spatial relational meaning by closed syntactic classes are criticized. A change of perspective from “local” to “distributed” semantics permits the re-analysis of polysemy and item-bound “use-type” in terms of the distributed expression of language-specific spatial relational semantic types.
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Usmonova, Donoxon. "SEMANTIC CHANGE OF VERB MEANING." CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 02, no. 11 (November 1, 2021): 150–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-11-32.

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Semantic change refers to any change in the word meaning and that change happens over the course of many years. Semantic change is studied in historical linguistics and semantics also it is called by different names as semantic shift, lexical change, semantic progression and there are many types of semantic changes amelioration, pejoration, broadening, semantic narrowing, bleaching, metaphor and metonymy. Language learner’s also causes to semantic change while interpreting the expression or words because people have different background, diverse nations have diverse culture. In this article some features of the semantic progression of verbs are explained.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Meaning, semantics"

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Nivre, Joakim. "Situations, meaning, and communication a situation theoretic approach to meaning in language and communication /." Göteborg, Sweden : Dept. of Linguistics, University of Göteborg, 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/31171651.html.

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Buckland, Warren Stephen. "Filmic meaning : the semantics-pragmatics interface." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333505.

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Bultinck, Bert. "Numerous meanings : the meaning of English cardinals and the legacy of Paul Grice /." Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0625/2005053106-d.html.

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Chng, Soke Wang. "Language thought and literal meaning." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/179.

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The notion of literalness in linguistics is based on the following assumptions: Linguistic expressions are vehicle-meaning p airs (since literal meaning has to be the meaning of something). Linguistic expressions have to be cognised a nd used (especially uttered) in order for their meanings to be regarded as literally theirs. "Linguistie, vehicle-meaning relations are fixed and autonomous- - rather than having particular meanings in virtue of being used to express those meanings," linguistie' vehicle-meaning p airs are used to express certain meanings in virtue of having the meanings th at they have. This thesis criticises Chomsky's and Sperber and Wilson's attempts to establish the autonomy of "linguistie'vehicle-meaning pairs. I argue that " Both Chomsky and Sperber and Wilson fail to distinguish "linguistie' semantics from the "real" semantics of what "linguistic" vehicle-meaning pairs are used to express. " They persist in the idea that "linguistic" vehicles are specifically for being uttered (physically instantiated), thus defeating their own purpose of setting the linguistic absolutely apart from what it is used for. " Neither Chomsky's internalist conception of language nor Sperber and Wilson's relevance framework is able to account for the phenomenon of "language misuse", i.e. the use of a "linguistic" vehicle to express the "wrong" meaning. Burton-Roberts' representational conjecture is applied and developed in the presentation of an alternative non/ extra-linguistic account of "literal meaning" and "language use/ misuse". This account has it that neither "linguistic" vehicles nor "linguistic" vehicle-meaning relations are actually linguistic. It avoids the problems attending the notion of linguistic expressions as objects with sortally disjoint and arbitrarily conjoint properties (i.e. physically instantiable "vehicle" and mentally constituted "meaning"), and resolves the unease within Chomsky's Minimalist Program about the inclusion of phonology in I-language. Finally, by way of this resolution, I address some seemingly unrelated issues concerning vehicle-less "meanings" and the relations between l anguage,thought and consciousness.
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Novakovic, David Petar. "Calculating shades of meaning in semantic spaces." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37313/1/David_Novakovic_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis introduces the problem of conceptual ambiguity, or Shades of Meaning (SoM) that can exist around a term or entity. As an example consider President Ronald Reagan the ex-president of the USA, there are many aspects to him that are captured in text; the Russian missile deal, the Iran-contra deal and others. Simply finding documents with the word “Reagan” in them is going to return results that cover many different shades of meaning related to "Reagan". Instead it may be desirable to retrieve results around a specific shade of meaning of "Reagan", e.g., all documents relating to the Iran-contra scandal. This thesis investigates computational methods for identifying shades of meaning around a word, or concept. This problem is related to word sense ambiguity, but is more subtle and based less on the particular syntactic structures associated with or around an instance of the term and more with the semantic contexts around it. A particularly noteworthy difference from typical word sense disambiguation is that shades of a concept are not known in advance. It is up to the algorithm itself to ascertain these subtleties. It is the key hypothesis of this thesis that reducing the number of dimensions in the representation of concepts is a key part of reducing sparseness and thus also crucial in discovering their SoMwithin a given corpus.
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McArthur, Robert James. "Computing with meaning by operationalising socio-cognitive semantics." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2007. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16571/1/Robert_McArthur_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis is motivated by the desire to provide technological solutions to enhance human awareness in information processing tasks. The need is pressing. Paradoxically, as information piles up people become less and less aware due to perceived scarce cognitive resources. As a consequence, specialisations become ever more specialised, projects and individuals in organisations become ever more insular. Technology can enhance awareness by informing the individual about what is happening outside their speciality. Systems which can assist people in these ways need to make sense of human communication. The computer system must know about what it is that it is processing; it must follow a socio-cognitive framework and reason with it. It must compute with meanings not symbolic surface structures. The hypothesis of the thesis is that knowledge potentially useful for enhancing awareness can be derived from interactions between people using computational models based on socio-cognitive semantics. The goals are whether an appreciable approximation of conceptual spaces can be realised through semantic spaces, and whether such semantic spaces can develop representations of meaning which have the potential to enhance the awareness of users? The two thesis questions are how well the socio-cognitive framework of G¨ardenfors could be brought into operational reality, and if a bridge can be made, then what practical issues can be involved? The theory of conceptual spaces of Peter G¨ardenfors is combined with methods from cognitive science for creating geometric spaces to represent meaning. Hyperspace Analogue to Language and Latent Semantic Analysis are used as exemplars of the cognitive science algorithms. The algorithms are modified by a variety of syntactic processing schemes to overcome a paucity of data and hence lack of expressivity in representations of meaning: part-of-speech tagging, index expressions and anaphora resolution are effected and incorporated into the semantic space. The practical element of the thesis consists of five case studies. These are developed in two parts: studies describing how meaning changes and evolves in semantic spaces, and studies describing semantic space applications featuring knowledge discovery. These studies are in a variety of domains with a variety of data: online communities of interest using a mailing list, a health-based mailing list, organisational blogs, "hallway chatter", and organisational email. The data is real world utterances that provide the situational factors that cognitive systems need to answer queries and provide context. The amounts of data are significantly less than previously used by semantic space methods, hence the need for syntactic assistance. The particular problems examined in the case studies are corporate expertise management, social network discovery, tracking ebbs and flows of topics, and noticing the change in a person's sense-of-self over time. These are significantly different to those usually examined using semantic spaces. The key differentiator of this work stems from its focus on the geometrically-based computational realisation of meaning. This thesis takes semantic spaces out of the closet and into real-world information technology applications, with a roadtest in real life.
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McArthur, Robert James. "Computing with meaning by operationalising socio-cognitive semantics." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16571/.

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This thesis is motivated by the desire to provide technological solutions to enhance human awareness in information processing tasks. The need is pressing. Paradoxically, as information piles up people become less and less aware due to perceived scarce cognitive resources. As a consequence, specialisations become ever more specialised, projects and individuals in organisations become ever more insular. Technology can enhance awareness by informing the individual about what is happening outside their speciality. Systems which can assist people in these ways need to make sense of human communication. The computer system must know about what it is that it is processing; it must follow a socio-cognitive framework and reason with it. It must compute with meanings not symbolic surface structures. The hypothesis of the thesis is that knowledge potentially useful for enhancing awareness can be derived from interactions between people using computational models based on socio-cognitive semantics. The goals are whether an appreciable approximation of conceptual spaces can be realised through semantic spaces, and whether such semantic spaces can develop representations of meaning which have the potential to enhance the awareness of users? The two thesis questions are how well the socio-cognitive framework of G¨ardenfors could be brought into operational reality, and if a bridge can be made, then what practical issues can be involved? The theory of conceptual spaces of Peter G¨ardenfors is combined with methods from cognitive science for creating geometric spaces to represent meaning. Hyperspace Analogue to Language and Latent Semantic Analysis are used as exemplars of the cognitive science algorithms. The algorithms are modified by a variety of syntactic processing schemes to overcome a paucity of data and hence lack of expressivity in representations of meaning: part-of-speech tagging, index expressions and anaphora resolution are effected and incorporated into the semantic space. The practical element of the thesis consists of five case studies. These are developed in two parts: studies describing how meaning changes and evolves in semantic spaces, and studies describing semantic space applications featuring knowledge discovery. These studies are in a variety of domains with a variety of data: online communities of interest using a mailing list, a health-based mailing list, organisational blogs, "hallway chatter", and organisational email. The data is real world utterances that provide the situational factors that cognitive systems need to answer queries and provide context. The amounts of data are significantly less than previously used by semantic space methods, hence the need for syntactic assistance. The particular problems examined in the case studies are corporate expertise management, social network discovery, tracking ebbs and flows of topics, and noticing the change in a person's sense-of-self over time. These are significantly different to those usually examined using semantic spaces. The key differentiator of this work stems from its focus on the geometrically-based computational realisation of meaning. This thesis takes semantic spaces out of the closet and into real-world information technology applications, with a roadtest in real life.
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HAYDEN, KLICIA NOGUEIRA. "SEMANTICS VARIATION AND CHANGE: PREPOSITION POR MEANING PURPOSE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14737@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
A proposta deste trabalho foi discutir as ocorrências da preposição por com valor final em textos portugueses dos séculos XIII ao XX, observando as ocasiões que fizeram com que ela fosse gradativamente substituída por outra preposição: para. Vê-se que, em textos mais antigos, a ocorrência de por com valor final prevalecia e, nos mais recentes, predomina para.O emprego de por final tornou-se estilístico. Pretendeu-se, neste trabalho, arrolar os diferentes valores das preposições em estudo, exemplificando com autores brasileiros do século XIX, como Machado de Assis, José de Alencar e Lima Barreto, e do século XX, como Jorge Amado e José Lins do Rego. A acepção de finalidade em por não foi encontrada em autores do século XX. Ela foi levantada para ilustrar o desaparecimento contínuo deste uso ao longo dos anos. O trabalho tem cunho histórico. Segue um enfoque funcionalista e, na pesquisa dos dados, apoia-se na sociolinguística variacional, nos moldes de Labov, tal como foi divulgada entre nós por Tarallo (1986 e 1990).
The aim of this work is to discuss the occurrence of the preposition por meaning purpose in texts in Portuguese language from XIII to XX centuries, observing the ocasions that this preposition have been gradually replaced by another one: the preposition para. It’s noticeable that, in older texts, occurrences of preposition por meaning purpose are majority, whereas, in most recent texts, preposition para occurs more frequently. The use of preposition por meaning purpose became only a matter of style. We intended to understand the different meanings of the prepositions we’re analyzing, through illustrations from Brazilian authors from the XIX century, Machado de Assis, José de Alencar and Lima Barreto; and from the XX century, Jorge Amado and José Lins do Rego. The particular meaning of purpose in preposition por has not been found in any author from the XX century. We intended to demonstrate the process of continuous disappearance of proposition por meaning purpose throughout the XX century. This work follows a historical approach. It adopts a functionalist perspective, and the collecting of data is based on Labov’s variationist sociolinguistics, as introduced in Brazil by Tarallo (1986 e 1990).
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Pietroski, Paul M. "Meaning naturally--a partial defense of covariation semantics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14141.

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Richardson, Jason. "Meaning, Functions, and the Promise of Indicator Semantics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36636.

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In this thesis, I first present Fred Dretske's theory of mental represent- ations, which purports to show how a physical thing could have (non-derived) meaning. In order to illustrate the applicability of the theory to an actual physical system, I discuss the theory in relation to two theories of audio localization (i.e., the capacity to locate the source of sounds in one's environment). Having clarified the theory, I examine two charges laid against it. Lynne Rudder Baker charges the theory with circularity. Her charge is refuted by appealing to the concept of a "standby function." Stephen Stich charges the theory with vagueness. His charge is refuted by appealing to a general analysis of functions. I conclude that a careful use and analysis of the previously unanalyzed term "function" makes possible the refutation of these two charges.
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Books on the topic "Meaning, semantics"

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Literal meaning. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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Richard, Ambacher, ed. Semantics: Arriving at meaning. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1993.

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Schiffer, Stephen. Meaning. Oxford: Clarendon, 1988.

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Miller, George. Virtual meaning. Göteborg: [University of Gothenburg, Dept. of Linguistics], 1995.

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Jens, Allwood, and Gärdenfors Peter, eds. Cognitive semantics: Meaning and cognition. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1998.

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1947-, Allwood Jens S., and Gärdenfors Peter, eds. Cognitive semantics: Meaning and cognition. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins Pub., 1999.

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Sztencel, Magdalena. Semantics, Pragmatics and Meaning Revisited. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69116-9.

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Semantics: From meaning to text. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2012.

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C, Bunt Harry, Muskens Reinhard 1953-, and Thijsse Elias, eds. Computing meaning. Dordrecht ; Boston: Kluwer Academic, 1999.

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Word meaning. London: Routledge, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Meaning, semantics"

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Kornai, András. "The meaning of life." In Semantics, 247–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65645-8_9.

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Birner, Betty J. "Semantics." In Language and Meaning, 50–92. First edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge guides to linguistics: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315148250-3.

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Albertazzi, Liliana. "Which semantics?" In Meaning and Cognition, 1–24. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/celcr.2.01alb.

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Rey, Alain. "Definitional semantics." In Meaning and Lexicography, 43. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/llsee.28.08rey.

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Kay, Paul, and Laura A. Michaelis. "9. Constructional meaning and compositionality." In Semantics - Interfaces, edited by Claudia Maienborn, Klaus Heusinger, and Paul Portner, 293–324. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110589849-009.

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McCawley, James D. "Generative semantics." In Grammar, Meaning and Pragmatics, 117–28. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hoph.5.07mcc.

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Hobbs, Jerry R. "6. Word meaning and world knowledge." In Semantics - Theories, edited by Claudia Maienborn, Klaus Heusinger, and Paul Portner, 154–80. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110589245-006.

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Allwood, Jens. "Semantics as Meaning Determination with Semantic-Epistemic Operations." In Cognitive Semantics, 1. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.55.02all.

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Lycan, William G. "Analogy and Lexical Semantics." In Modality and Meaning, 283–304. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0936-9_13.

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Marconi, Diego. "What is Montague semantics?" In Meaning and Cognition, 39–49. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/celcr.2.03mar.

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Conference papers on the topic "Meaning, semantics"

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Panangaden, Prakash. "The Meaning of Semantics." In 2011 26th Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lics.2011.30.

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Bos, Johan. "Meaning Banking beyond Events and Roles." In Proceedings of the Workshop Computational Semantics Beyond Events and Roles. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w17-1805.

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Brown, Susan Windisch, Julia Bonn, James Gung, Annie Zaenen, James Pustejovsky, and Martha Palmer. "VerbNet Representations: Subevent Semantics for Transfer Verbs." In Proceedings of the First International Workshop on Designing Meaning Representations. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w19-3318.

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Butler, Alastair. "Round trips with meaning stopovers." In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Semantics-Driven Statistical Machine Translation (S2MT 2015). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/w15-3501.

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Chairani, Eva, Dr Zainudin, and Sri Minda Murni. "Semantics Study of Figurative Meaning in Indonesian Proverbs." In Proceedings of the 3rd Annual International Seminar on Transformative Education and Educational Leadership (AISTEEL 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aisteel-18.2018.56.

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Yang, Q. Z., Y. Zhang, C. Y. Miao, and Z. Q. Shen. "Semantic Annotation of Digital Engineering Resources for Multidisciplinary Design Collaboration." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49730.

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This paper introduces an ontology-based approach to annotating semantics of digital engineering resources. The aim is to enhance design knowledge sharing through semantic annotation to support streamlined collaboration in multidisciplinary consumer product development. Two issues are focused: how to specify the meaning of annotations with design ontology to ensure sharability of the annotation content; and how to represent annotations in neutral encoding formats to seek mutual understanding of the annotated semantics across multidisciplinary design teams and systems. Two use scenarios of semantic annotations in multidisciplinary design of consumer products are illustrated in the paper.
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Bjerva, Johannes, Johan Bos, Rob van der Goot, and Malvina Nissim. "The Meaning Factory: Formal Semantics for Recognizing Textual Entailment and Determining Semantic Similarity." In Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval 2014). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/v1/s14-2114.

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Suzen, Neslihan, Alexander N. Gorban, Jeremy Levesley, and Evgeny M. Mirkes. "An Informational Space based Semantic Analysis for Scientific Texts." In 10th International Conference on Foundations of Computer Science & Technology (FCST 2022). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2022.120807.

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One major problem in Natural Language Processing is the automatic analysis and representation of human language. Human language is ambiguous and deeper understanding of semantics and creating human-to-machine interaction have required an effort in creating the schemes for act of communication and building common-sense knowledge bases for the ‘meaning’ in texts. This paper introduces computational methods for semantic analysis and the quantifying the meaning of short scientific texts. Computational methods extracting semantic feature are used to analyse the relations between texts of messages and ‘representations of situations’ for a newly created large collection of scientific texts, Leicester Scientific Corpus. The representation of scientific-specific meaning is standardised by replacing the situation representations, rather than psychological properties, with the vectors of some attributes: a list of scientific subject categories that the text belongs to. First, this paper introduces ‘Meaning Space’ in which the informational representation of the meaning is extracted from the occurrence of the word in texts across the scientific categories, i.e., the meaning of a word is represented by a vector of Relative Information Gain about the subject categories. Then, the meaning space is statistically analysed for Leicester Scientific Dictionary-Core and we investigate ‘Principal Components of the Meaning’ to describe the adequate dimensions of the meaning. The research in this paper conducts the base for the geometric representation of the meaning of texts.
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Potyka, Nico. "Bipolar Abstract Argumentation with Dual Attacks and Supports." In 17th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2020}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2020/69.

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Bipolar abstract argumentation frameworks allow modeling decision problems by defining pro and contra arguments and their relationships. In some popular bipolar frameworks, there is an inherent tendency to favor either attack or support relationships. However, for some applications, it seems sensible to treat attack and support equally. Roughly speaking, turning an attack edge into a support edge, should just invert its meaning. We look at a recently introduced bipolar argumentation semantics and two novel alternatives and discuss their semantical and computational properties. Interestingly, the two novel semantics correspond to stable semantics if no support relations are present and maintain the computational complexity of stable semantics in general bipolar frameworks.
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Ge, DongLai, Junhui Li, Muhua Zhu, and Shoushan Li. "Modeling Source Syntax and Semantics for Neural AMR Parsing." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/691.

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Sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) approaches formalize Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) parsing as a translation task from a source sentence to a target AMR graph. However, previous studies generally model a source sentence as a word sequence but ignore the inherent syntactic and semantic information in the sentence. In this paper, we propose two effective approaches to explicitly modeling source syntax and semantics into neural seq2seq AMR parsing. The first approach linearizes source syntactic and semantic structure into a mixed sequence of words, syntactic labels, and semantic labels, while in the second approach we propose a syntactic and semantic structure-aware encoding scheme through a self-attentive model to explicitly capture syntactic and semantic relations between words. Experimental results on an English benchmark dataset show that our two approaches achieve significant improvement of 3.1% and 3.4% F1 scores over a strong seq2seq baseline.
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Reports on the topic "Meaning, semantics"

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Yatsymirska, Mariya. MODERN MEDIA TEXT: POLITICAL NARRATIVES, MEANINGS AND SENSES, EMOTIONAL MARKERS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11411.

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The article examines modern media texts in the field of political journalism; the role of information narratives and emotional markers in media doctrine is clarified; verbal expression of rational meanings in the articles of famous Ukrainian analysts is shown. Popular theories of emotions in the process of cognition are considered, their relationship with the author’s personality, reader psychology and gonzo journalism is shown. Since the media text, in contrast to the text, is a product of social communication, the main narrative is information with the intention of influencing public opinion. Media text implies the presence of the author as a creator of meanings. In addition, media texts have universal features: word, sound, visuality (stills, photos, videos). They are traditionally divided into radio, TV, newspaper and Internet texts. The concepts of multimedia and hypertext are related to online texts. Web combinations, especially in political journalism, have intensified the interactive branching of nonlinear texts that cannot be published in traditional media. The Internet as a medium has created the conditions for the exchange of ideas in the most emotional way. Hence Gonzo’s interest in journalism, which expresses impressions of certain events in words and epithets, regardless of their stylistic affiliation. There are many such examples on social media in connection with the events surrounding the Wagnerians, the Poroshenko case, Russia’s new aggression against Ukraine, and others. Thus, the study of new features of media text in the context of modern political narratives and emotional markers is important in media research. The article focuses review of etymology, origin and features of using lexemes “cмисл (meaning)” and “сенс (sense)” in linguistic practice of Ukrainians results in the development of meanings and functional stylistic coloring in the usage of these units. Lexemes “cмисл (meaning)” and “сенс (sense)” are used as synonyms, but there are specific fields of meanings where they cannot be interchanged: lexeme “сенс (sense)” should be used when it comes to reasonable grounds for something, lexeme “cмисл (meaning)” should be used when it comes to notion, concept, understanding. Modern political texts are most prominent in genres such as interviews with politicians, political commentaries, analytical articles by media experts and journalists, political reviews, political portraits, political talk shows, and conversations about recent events, accompanied by effective emotional narratives. Etymologically, the concept of “narrative” is associated with the Latin adjective “gnarus” – expert. Speakers, philosophers, and literary critics considered narrative an “example of the human mind.” In modern media texts it is not only “story”, “explanation”, “message techniques”, “chronological reproduction of events”, but first of all the semantic load and what subjective meanings the author voices; it is a process of logical presentation of arguments (narration). The highly professional narrator uses narration as a “method of organizing discourse” around facts and impressions, impresses with his political erudition, extraordinary intelligence and creativity. Some of the above theses are reflected in the following illustrations from the Ukrainian media: “Culture outside politics” – a pro-Russian narrative…” (MP Gabibullayeva); “The next will be Russia – in the post-Soviet space is the Arab Spring…” (journalist Vitaly Portnikov); “In Russia, only the collapse of Ukraine will be perceived as success” (Pavel Klimkin); “Our army is fighting, hiding from the leadership” (Yuri Butusov).
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Borgida, Alex, and Ralf Küsters. What's not in a name? Initial Explorations of a Structural Approach to Integrating Large Concept Knowledge-Bases. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.101.

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Aus der Einleitung: Given two ontologies/terminologies collections of terms and their 'meanings' as used in some universe of discourse (UofD), our general task is to integrate them into a single ontology, which captures the meanings of the original terms and their inter-relationships. This problem is motivated by several application scenarios: • First, such ontologies have been and are being developed independently by multiple groups for knowledge-based and other applications. Among others, medicine is an area in which such ontologies already abound [RZStGC, CCHJ94, SCC97]. • Second, a traditional step in database design has been so-called 'view integration': taking the descriptions of the database needs of different parts of an organization (called 'external views'), and coming up with a unified central schema (called the 'logical schema') for the database [BLN86]. Although the database views might be expressed in some low-level formalism, such as the relational data model, one can express the semantics (meta-data) in a more expressive notation, which can be thought of as an ontology. Then the integration of the ontologies can guide the integration of the views. • Finally, databases and semistructured data on the internet provide many examples where there are multiple, existing heterogeneous information sources, for which uniform access is desired. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to relate the contents of the various information sources. The approach of choice has been the development of a single, integrated ontology, starting from separate ontologies capturing the semantics of the heterogeneous sources[Kas97, CDGL+98]. Of course, we could just take the union of the two ontologies, and return the result as the integration. However, except for the case when the ontologies had absolutely nothing to do with each other, this seems inappropriate. Therefore part of our task will to be explore what it means to 'integrate' two ontologies. To help in this, we will in fact assume here that the ontologies are describing exactly the same aspects of the universe of discourse (UofD), leaving for a separate paper the issue of dealing with partially overlapping ontologies.
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Kapelyushnyi, Anatolyi. TRANSFORMATION OF WORD-FORMS DURING THEIR SPONTANEOUS CREATION IN LIVE TELEVISION BROADCASTIN: ADJECTIVES ADVERBS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11409.

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The article analyzes transformation of word-forms during spontaneous creation in live television broadcasting. Particular attention is paid to adjectives adverbs. The specific properties of adverbs makes it easier to trace general trends in their transformations, because adverbs are not burdened with many different forms and their variations, that occur in the process of word change of some other class of words at the same time adverbiatives allow to analyze in more detail the semantical and grammatical structure of speech. The main method we use is to observe the speech of live TV journalist, we used during the study methods of comparative analysis of comparison of theoretical positions from the work of individual linguists and journalists. Our objective is to trace these transformations and develop a certain attitude towards them in our researches of the language of the media and practicing journalists to support positive trends in the development of the broadcasting on TV and give recommendations for overcoming certain negative trends. All studies of the problems of transformation of grammatical forms in different ways relate to translation studies, mostly investigate the grammatical transformations, that the translator resorted to, when reproducing the original by means of another language. At first glance, it would be logical, if the live speech of television journalists was dominated by transformations? Associated with the translation from internal to foreign broadcasting in cases where natural for this TV journalists is Russian-speaking internal broadcasting and he reproducing the text from internal Russian-speaking. The transformation of grammatical forms however this cannot be seen in the live use of adverbiatives. An interesting trend can also be seen in the transformation of different types of gramma­tical forms. In particular, negative interference is mostly characteristic of the forms of corporate adverbs. Forms of the same word with the same grammatical meaning is such overlapping of two forms of the same grammatical meaning is practically impossible outside of adjectives adverbial and adjectives themselves. Only a small number of transformations are associated with the forms of superlatives.
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Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.

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The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.
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