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Journal articles on the topic 'Measles virus, vaccine, humoral immune response, cellular immune response'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Lin, Wen-Hsuan, Chien-Hsiung Pan, Robert Adams, et al. "Route of immunization influences the induction of humoral, cellular and protective immunity by live attenuated measles vaccine in rhesus macaques (52.11)." Journal of Immunology 184, no. 1_Supplement (2010): 52.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.52.11.

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Abstract Measles is a leading cause of vaccine-preventable mortality worldwide. To facilitate vaccine distribution, aerosol immunization has been proposed, but the immune response induced, and protection afforded, by live attenuated measles virus (MV) vaccine (LAV) given by the respiratory route have not been systematically studied. Rhesus macaques were immunized with liquid or powder LAV through a nebulizer, an endotracheal tube, or parenterally by intramuscular injection. The method of immunization significantly influenced the induction of the humoral and cellular immune responses to LAV, bu

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Ovsyannikova, Inna G., Neelam Dhiman, Robert M. Jacobson, Robert A. Vierkant, and Gregory A. Poland. "Frequency of Measles Virus-Specific CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in Subjects Seronegative or Highly Seropositive for Measles Vaccine." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 10, no. 3 (2003): 411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.10.3.411-416.2003.

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ABSTRACT The protective effect of measles immunization is due to humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Little is known about cell-mediated immunity (CMI) to measles vaccine virus, the relative contribution of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to variability in such immune responses, and the immunologic longevity of the CMI after measles vaccination in humans. Our study characterizes cellular immune response in subjects seronegative or highly seropositive for measles vaccine immunoglobulin G-specific antibody, aged 15 to 25 years, previously immunized with two doses of measles-mumps-rubella II vaccin

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Toptygina, A. P., Yu Yu Andreev, M. A. Smerdova, A. Yu Zetkin, and T. G. Klykova. "Formation of humoral and cellular immunity to measles vaccine in adults." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 10, no. 1 (2020): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-foh-1334.

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Despite adherence to the policy of mass measles vaccination in the majority of countries, this infection still remains far from being fully eradicated. Measles outbreaks are reported worldwide, when the vast majority of cases are recorded in subjects of 18—35 years of age. Studies on assessing measles IgG antibody level in different regions of Russia reveal increased percentage of measles seronegative subjects among young adults. Current study was aimed at investigating formation of humoral and cellular immunity after measles vaccination in seronegative adults aged 18 to 30 years old. There we

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Fitriah, Munawaroh, and Jusak Nugraha. "Immunogenicity Assessment on Clinical Trials of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY 28, no. 2 (2022): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24293/ijcpml.v28i2.1975.

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Various strategies for dealing with COVID-19 have been carried out since the WHO declared COVID-19 as an international health emergency. One of the preventive strategies is the development of vaccines. Various vaccines have been developed worldwide. As of April 13, 2021, there were 184 vaccine candidates in the pre-clinical phase and 16 vaccine candidates currently in phase III clinical trials using several platforms, such as inactivated viruses, vector viruses, and protein subunits, and mRNA. Clinical trials of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine include a screening test consisting of thorough physical ex

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CZĘŚCIK, AGNIESZKA, MILENA DUNAL-SZCZEPANIAK, AGNIESZKA TRZCIŃSKA, and JOANNA SIENNICKA. "Response of Viral Specific CD4 T Cells to in vitro Stimulation with Vaccine and Wild Measles Virus Strains in Vaccinated and Naturally Infected Subjects." Polish Journal of Microbiology 63, no. 2 (2014): 203–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2014-026.

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With the implementation of the WHO strategic plan for the elimination of measles, the number of measles cases in European Region has decreased. However, outbreaks are still observed. Although most measles cases affect unvaccinated individuals, cases with vaccinated persons are also reported. Furthermore, it was described that a high percentage of young people in Poland exhibit no presence of anti-MeV IgG despite the high level of vaccination covering no less than 97% of the Polish population. Strong evidence exists that immunity to measles is complex and depends on both the humoral and cellula

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Gerna, Giuseppe, Chiara Fornara, Milena Furione, and Daniele Lilleri. "Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection: A Narrative Review of Maternal Immune Response and Diagnosis in View of the Development of a Vaccine and Prevention of Primary and Non-Primary Infections in Pregnancy." Microorganisms 9, no. 8 (2021): 1749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9081749.

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Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) may affect about 1% of all newborns all over the world as a result of either a primary or recurrent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection. While about 90% of infants affected by cCMV are asymptomatic at birth, the remaining 10% are symptomatic often with neurodevelopmental impairment and sensorineural hearing loss. In view of identifying the best approach to vaccine prevention of cCMV, this review will examine the most important steps made in the study of the immune response to, and diagnosis of, HCMV infection. The maternal immune response and immu

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Witkowski, Wojciech, Sarah Gerlo, Evelien De Smet, et al. "Humoral and Cellular Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination Indicate the Need for Post-Vaccination Testing in Frail Population." Vaccines 10, no. 2 (2022): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10020260.

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Despite the high efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine in the general population, data on its immunogenicity among frail elderly individuals are limited. Recently, levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibodies and serum neutralization titers were confirmed as good immune markers of protection against the virus, with evidence showing a reverse correlation between these two parameters and susceptibility to infection. Here we analyzed sera from 138 nursing home residents (median age of 88.9 years) and 312 nursing home staff (median age of 50.7 years) to determine the humoral response to two doses of

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Olszewska, Wieslawa, Charalambos D. Partidos, and Michael W. Steward. "Antipeptide Antibody Responses following Intranasal Immunization: Effectiveness of Mucosal Adjuvants." Infection and Immunity 68, no. 9 (2000): 4923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.68.9.4923-4929.2000.

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ABSTRACT Toxicity is a major factor limiting the development and use of potent adjuvants for human mucosally delivered vaccines. Novel adjuvant formulations have recently become available, and in the present study two have been used for intranasal immunization with a synthetic peptide immunogen (MAP-M2). This peptide represents a multiple antigenic peptide containing multiple copies of a mimotope M2, a peptide mimic of a conformational epitope of the fusion protein of measles virus. MAP-M2 was administered intranasally to experimental animals together with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides conta

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Rodríguez Hernández, Carmen, and Juan Carlos Sanz Moreno. "Immunity against SARS-CoV-2: walking to the vaccination." Revista Española de Quimioterapia 33, no. 6 (2020): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37201/req/086.2020.

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The coronavirus are a wide group of viruses among that the SARS-CoV-2 is included (family Coronaviridae, subfamily Coronavirinae, genus Betacoronavirus and subgenus Sarbecovirus). Its main structural proteins are the membrane (M), the envelope (E), the nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S). The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 involves the cellular and the humoral sides, with neutralizing antibodies fundamentally directed against the S antigen. Although the seroprevalence data are frequently assumed as protection markers, no necessarily they are. In Spain, it is estimated that, to assure the herd immuni

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Gracheva, Anastasiia V., Ekaterina R. Korchevaya, Roman V. Samoilikov та ін. "Аttenuation мarkers of cold-adapted SARS-CoV-2 variants". Medical academic journal 2, № 2 (2022): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/maj108725.

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BACKGROUND: Unprecedented anti-epidemic measures and the widespread use of vaccines against COVID-19 have reduced the rate of hospitalization and mortality from the disease, but have not stopped the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic spread. The development of live vaccines against COVID-19, capable of providing the formation of a long-term humoral and cellular immune response and cross-protection against new SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, is relevant. Previously at the I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera SARS-CoV-2 cold-adapted (ca, cold-adapted) variants were obtained. This work is aime

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H.R., Teni, Wisnu Barlıanto, I. Wayan Arsana Wıyasa, H. M. S. Kusuma, Tita Sari, and Novilia Bachtıar. "Analysis of specific antibody and cellular immune response to first-dose measles vaccine Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ) in 9-month-old infants." Allergologia et Immunopathologia 49, no. 3 (2021): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/aei.v49i3.6.

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Background: Measles vaccinations have been suggested to provide immune protection and decreased measles incidence. However, there was a limited study evaluating how the measles vaccine elicits specific immune responses.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate both humoral and cellular immunity to first-dose measles vaccine Edmonston-Zagreb (EZ) in 9-month-old Indonesian infants.Methods: A cohort study was conducted on 9-month-old infants who got the first-dose of measles vaccine EZ. Measles-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody serum levels were measured using plaque-reduction microneutraliz

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Al-Gburi, Sarah, Haidar Kadhim, and Haider Ghazi. "Association of CD46 Cellular Receptor Gene SNP in Measles Vaccine Response." Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences 18, no. 1 (2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22578/ijms.18.1.6.

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Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It remains an important cause of death among young children globally, despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine. Measles transmitted via droplets from the nose, mouth or throat of infected persons. Objective: To evaluate the immune response to measles infection among immunized school aged children, and to detect the cluster of differentiation 46 single nucleotide polymorphism (CD46 SNP) in association with the immune response. Methods: The current study is a cross sectional study including 158 hospitalized patients were p

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Smerdova, M. A., A. P. Toptygina, Yu Yu Andreev, et al. "Humoral and cellular immunity to measles and rubella virus antigens in healthy subjects." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 9, no. 3-4 (2019): 607–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2019-3-4-607-611.

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An issue of eradicating measles and rubella virus-induced infections currently remains unresolved, despite existing effective methods for specific prophylaxis and WHO’s commitment to a mass vaccination policy. While improving epidemic situation, analysis of new challenges, such as measles incidence in adults, especially in adults vaccinated in childhood, is of particular interest. The aim of the study was to analyze serum measles and rubella virus-specific IgG antibodies in young healthy people and estimate antigen-specific cellular immune response in seronegative subjects. There were examined

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López, Barriga, Lorente, and Mir. "Immunoproteomic Lessons for Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Design." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 4 (2019): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8040486.

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Accurate antiviral humoral and cellular immune responses require prior recognition of antigenic peptides presented by human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells. Both the helper and the cytotoxic immune responses are critical for the control and the clearance of human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) infection, which is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infected pediatric, immunocompromised and elderly populations. In this article we review the immunoproteomics studies which have defined the general antigen processing and

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Hocknell, Peter K., Rebecca D. Wiley, Xiuqing Wang, et al. "Expression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120 from Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1-Derived Amplicons Results in Potent, Specific, and Durable Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses." Journal of Virology 76, no. 11 (2002): 5565–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.11.5565-5580.2002.

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ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infects a wide range of cells, including dendritic cells. Consequently, HSV-1 vectors may be capable of eliciting strong immune responses to vectored antigens. To test this hypothesis, an HSV-1 amplicon plasmid encoding human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 was constructed, and murine immune responses to helper virus-free amplicon preparations derived from this construct were evaluated. Initial studies revealed that a single intramuscular (i.m.) injection of 106 infectious units (i.u.) of HSV:gp120 amplicon particles (HSV:gp120) elicited Env-spe

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Son, Wonrak, Nayoung Kim, Minhoon Lee, et al. "The effective immunization of plasmid DNA vaccine targeted for smallpox virus." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 167.32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.167.32.

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Abstract Smallpox, caused by variola virus, could be a bio-terrorism agent although eradicated from the WHO program in the 1980s. DNA vaccine is a third generation vaccine system which contains DNA sequence with specific antigen codes that activates the immune system. DNA vaccines show great potential in inducing immune response with strong triggered-humoral, and cellular immunity. DNA vaccines have emerged as an attractive approach for infectious disease because of rapid manufacture, fast adaptation to newly emerging pathogens and high stability at ambient temperatures. However, since the pot

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Lee, Min Ja, Hyundong Jo, So Hui Park, et al. "Advanced Foot-And-Mouth Disease Vaccine Platform for Stimulation of Simultaneous Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses." Vaccines 8, no. 2 (2020): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020254.

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Currently available commercial foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines have various limitations, such as the slow induction and short-term maintenance of antibody titers. Therefore, a novel FMD vaccine that can rapidly induce high neutralizing antibody titers to protect the host in early stages of an FMD virus infection, maintain high antibody titers for long periods after one vaccination dose, and confer full protection against clinical symptoms by simultaneously stimulating cellular and humoral immunity is needed. Here, we developed immunopotent FMD vaccine strains A-3A and A-HSP70, which elic

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Kong, Wing-pui, Ling Xu, Konrad Stadler, et al. "Modulation of the Immune Response to the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Spike Glycoprotein by Gene-Based and Inactivated Virus Immunization." Journal of Virology 79, no. 22 (2005): 13915–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.22.13915-13923.2005.

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ABSTRACT Although the initial isolates of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) are sensitive to neutralization by antibodies through their spike (S) glycoprotein, variants of S have since been identified that are resistant to such inhibition. Optimal vaccine strategies would therefore make use of additional determinants of immune recognition, either through cellular or expanded, cross-reactive humoral immunity. Here, the cellular and humoral immune responses elicited by different combinations of gene-based and inactivated viral particles with various adjuvants have be

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Starostina, E. V., S. V. Sharabrin, A. P. Rudometov, et al. "Immune response against DNA- and mRNA vaccines encoding artificial influenza virus immunogens." Russian Journal of Immunology 25, no. 3 (2022): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46235/1028-7221-1103-ira.

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Constant antigenic drift of circulating influenza viruses leads to inefficiency of seasonal influenza vaccines, thus requiring annual re-design of these vaccines. Therefore, the development of a universal influenza vaccine is of particular relevance. A promising line of research in this area is to design the immunogens consisting of conserved protein fragments from different influenza viral strains. The aim of this work was to assess immunogenicity of DNA vaccines and mRNA vaccines encoding artificial antigens consisting of conserved hemagglutinin stem fragments and conserved M2 protein. We ha

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Tornyos, G., Melinda Kovács, M. Rusvai, P. Horn, J. Fodor, and F. Kovács. "Effect of dietary fumonisin b1 on certain immune parameters of weaned pigs." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 51, no. 2 (2003): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.51.2003.2.5.

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Only few data are available on the effect of fumonisins on the immune response. The aim of the present study was to examine whether dietary fumonisin B1 (FB1) has any effect on the humoral and cellular immune response in weaned pigs, depending on the dose and the time of toxin exposure. Fusarium moniliforme fungal culture was added to the experimental animals' diet to ensure an FB1 intake of 1, 5 and 10 ppm (first experiment) or 100 mg per animal per day (second experiment). The control animals were fed a toxin-free diet. In order to determine the immune response, the animals were vaccinated a

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Lundstrom, Kenneth. "Self-Amplifying RNA Viruses as RNA Vaccines." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14 (2020): 5130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145130.

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Single-stranded RNA viruses such as alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measles viruses and rhabdoviruses are characterized by their capacity of highly efficient self-amplification of RNA in host cells, which make them attractive vehicles for vaccine development. Particularly, alphaviruses and flaviviruses can be administered as recombinant particles, layered DNA/RNA plasmid vectors carrying the RNA replicon and even RNA replicon molecules. Self-amplifying RNA viral vectors have been used for high level expression of viral and tumor antigens, which in immunization studies have elicited strong cellular

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Wang, Shen, Cheng Zhang, Bo Liang, et al. "Characterization of Immune Response Diversity in Rodents Vaccinated with a Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectored COVID-19 Vaccine." Viruses 14, no. 6 (2022): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14061127.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emerged as the prime challenge facing public health safety since 2019. Correspondingly, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been developed and administered worldwide, varying in design strategies, delivery routes, immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Here, a replication-competent vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectored recombinant COVID-19 vaccine was constructed and evaluated in BALB/c mice and Syrian golden hamsters. In BALB/c mice, intramuscular (i.m.) inoculation of recombinant vaccine induced significantly

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Murtaza, Asad, Haroon Afzal, Thu-Dung Doan, Guan-Ming Ke, and Li-Ting Cheng. "Flagellin Improves the Immune Response of an Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) Subunit Vaccine." Vaccines 10, no. 11 (2022): 1780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10111780.

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Flagellin activates the immune system through Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) and can work as an adjuvant for subunit vaccines. In this study, we tested the adjuvancy of two different N-terminal fragments of flagellin, (1) FliC99, residues 1–99, and (2) FliC176, residues 1–176, to incorporate larger areas of the hotspot region for potentially higher levels of TLR5 activation and immune response. A truncated version of the VP2 protein (name tVP2, residues 199–356) of the Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was genetically linked to the flagellin constructs, and the immune response was evaluated

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Chen, Keyan, Kui Zhao, Wenqi He, et al. "Comparative Evaluation of Two Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Coronavirus Vaccine Candidates in Mice." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 7 (2012): 1102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.05716-12.

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ABSTRACTPorcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis (PHE) is caused by the coronavirus hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHE-CoV), and the recent, rapid spread of PHE-CoV in piglets from many countries emphasizes the urgent need for a PHE-CoV vaccine. Here we use a murine model for evaluation of the induction of humoral and cellular immune responses by inactivated and PHE-CoV DNA vaccines in order to define the immune correlates for protection against PHE-CoV. The inactivated vaccine was composed of purified PHE-CoV and aluminum hydroxide gel (alum), which was chosen as an adjuvant beca

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Perciani, Catia T., Walter Jaoko, Sharon Walmsley, et al. "Protocol of a randomised controlled trial characterising the immune responses induced by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccination in healthy Kenyan women: setting the stage for a potential VZV-based HIV vaccine." BMJ Open 7, no. 9 (2017): e017391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017391.

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IntroductionA protective HIV vaccine would be expected to induce durable effector immune responses at the mucosa, restricting HIV infection at its portal of entry. We hypothesise that use of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) as an HIV delivery vector could generate sustained and robust tissue-based immunity against HIV antigens to provide long-term protection against HIV. Given that HIV uniquely targets immune-activated T cells, the development of human vaccines against HIV must also involve a specific examination of the safety of the vector. Thus, we aim to evaluate the effects of VZV vaccination

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Aberle, Judith H., Stephan W. Aberle, Regina M. Kofler, and Christian W. Mandl. "Humoral and Cellular Immune Response to RNA Immunization with Flavivirus Replicons Derived from Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus." Journal of Virology 79, no. 24 (2005): 15107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.24.15107-15113.2005.

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ABSTRACT A new vaccination principle against flaviviruses, based on a tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) self-replicating noninfectious RNA vaccine that produces subviral particles, has recently been introduced (R. M. Kofler, J. H. Aberle, S. W. Aberle, S. L. Allison, F. X. Heinz, and C. W. Mandl, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 7:1951-1956, 2004). In this study, we evaluated the potential of the self-replicating RNA vaccine in mice in comparison to those of live, attenuated vaccines and a formalin-inactivated whole-virus vaccine (ImmunInject). For this purpose, mice were immunized using gene gun

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Yan, Banadyga, Zhao, et al. "Peste des Petits Ruminants Virus-Like Particles Induce a Potent Humoral and Cellular Immune Response in Goats." Viruses 11, no. 10 (2019): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11100918.

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Peste des petits ruminants is a highly contagious acute or subacute disease of small ruminants caused by the peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), and it is responsible for significant economic losses in animal husbandry. Vaccination represents the most effective means of controlling this disease, with virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines offering promising vaccine candidates. In this study, a PPRV VLP-based vaccine was developed using a baculovirus expression system, allowing for the simultaneous expression of the PPRV matrix (M), hemagglutinin (H), fusion (F) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins i

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Li, Entao, Feihu Yan, Pei Huang, et al. "Characterization of the Immune Response of MERS-CoV Vaccine Candidates Derived from Two Different Vectors in Mice." Viruses 12, no. 1 (2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12010125.

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Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is an acute, high-mortality-rate, severe infectious disease caused by an emerging MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that causes severe respiratory diseases. The continuous spread and great pandemic potential of MERS-CoV make it necessarily important to develop effective vaccines. We previously demonstrated that the application of Gram-positive enhancer matrix (GEM) particles as a bacterial vector displaying the MERS-CoV receptor-binding domain (RBD) is a very promising MERS vaccine candidate that is capable of producing potential neutralization antibodies. We

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Sultana, Sharmin, Shahina Tabassum, Afzalun Nessa, and Munira Jahan. "Antibody Responses In Bangladeshi Children Following Measles Vaccination." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology 10, no. 1 (2017): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v10i1.31447.

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Measles is a highly contagious vaccine preventable viral disease which mainly affects children. Infection with wild measles virus induces an immune response that provides life long protection. Measles has been targeted for global eradication. In Bangladesh, there is insufficient data about the antibody responses in children following measles vaccination. In the present study, the antibody response of a single dose of measles vaccine was investigated among 77 children of different age groups. The humoral immune response immunoglobin IgG (IgG) was detected by a commercial Enzyme-linked Immunosor

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Jensen, Kara, Rafiq Nabi, Koen K. A. Van Rompay, et al. "Vaccine-Elicited Mucosal and Systemic Antibody Responses Are Associated with Reduced Simian Immunodeficiency Viremia in Infant Rhesus Macaques." Journal of Virology 90, no. 16 (2016): 7285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00481-16.

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ABSTRACTDespite significant progress in reducing peripartum mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with antiretroviral therapy (ART), continued access to ART throughout the breastfeeding period is still a limiting factor, and breast milk exposure to HIV accounts for up to 44% of MTCT. As abstinence from breastfeeding is not recommended, alternative means are needed to prevent MTCT of HIV. We have previously shown that oral vaccination at birth with live attenuatedMycobacterium tuberculosisstrains expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) genes safely ind

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Qiao, Yongbo, Shuang Li, Shenghui Jin, et al. "A self-assembling nanoparticle vaccine targeting the conserved epitope of influenza virus hemagglutinin stem elicits a cross-protective immune response." Nanoscale 14, no. 8 (2022): 3250–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nr08460g.

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A schematic overview showing nanoparticle preparation, BALB/c mice immunization, and viral challenge. Humoral and cellular immune responses were determined after three immunizations, and protective effects were evaluated after the challenge.

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Bang, Yoo-Jin, Yun-Hee Kim, Yu-Sun Lee, et al. "Development of inactivated subunit influenza vaccine endowing with IgA induction and protection against heterologous strain." Journal of Immunology 204, no. 1_Supplement (2020): 245.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.245.11.

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Abstract Vaccination is known to be the best way to prevent and control seasonal influenza infections. Among the various available influenza vaccines, an inactivated vaccine shows improved protective effects associated with greater safety. However, since the influenza virus is continuously evolving, its response to inactivated vaccines becomes increasingly difficult to predict, leading to complete or partial loss of protection against the virus. In addition, immunogenicity is lower than other types and Th2-biased immune responses have been reported. In this study, we have investigated the role

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Masalova, Olga V., Ekaterina I. Lesnova, Sergey M. Andreev, et al. "Adjuvant effect of dispersed fullerene C60 on the immune response to constructs harboring amino acid and nucleotide sequences of hepatitis C virus nonstructural NS5B protein." Problems of Virology 67, no. 6 (2023): 516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-149.

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Introduction. A vaccine against hepatitis C has not yet been developed. Recombinant proteins and plasmids encoding hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins, the components of candidate vaccines, induce a weak immune response and require the use of adjuvants. The aim of the work was to study the adjuvant action of an aqueous solution of fullerene C60 during immunization of mice with HCV recombinant protein NS5B (rNS5B) that is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, or with NS5B-encoding pcNS5B plasmid. Materials and methods. An aqueous solution of dispersed fullerene (dnC60) was obtained by ultra

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Probst, Peter, John B. Grigg, Emily A. Hemann, et al. "Small molecule agonists of IRF3 activation function as influenza vaccine adjuvants by modulating the humoral and cellular anti-viral immune response." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 76.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.76.2.

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Abstract We have identified a panel of small molecule immunomodulators that activate IRF3 and induce innate immune signaling to drive an antigen-specific protective immune response against viral infections. Our lead adjuvant candidate, KIN1148, binds to retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and induces RIG-I signaling to drive IRF3 activation. Studies using the H1N1 influenza virus challenge model demonstrate that immunization with monovalent influenza split vaccine (SV) and KIN1148 is dose sparing and protects mice against a lethal H1N1 A/California/04/2009 challenge. The SV-H1N1/KIN1148 adj

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Walsh, E. E. "Humoral, Mucosal, and Cellular Immune Response to Topical Immunization with a Subunit Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine." Journal of Infectious Diseases 170, no. 2 (1994): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/170.2.345.

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Jin, Yanwen, Cheng Cao, Ping Li та ін. "Boosting Immune Response to Hepatitis B DNA Vaccine by Coadministration of Prothymosin α-Expressing Plasmid". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 12, № 12 (2005): 1364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.12.12.1364-1369.2005.

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ABSTRACT DNA vaccines induce protective humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in several animal models. However, compared to conventional vaccines, DNA vaccines usually induce poor antibody responses. In this study, we report that coadministration of a hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA vaccine with prothymosin α as an adjuvant improves antibody responses to HBV S antigen. We also observed higher seroconversion rates and higher antibody titers. Prothymosin α appears to increase the number and affinity of hepatitis B surface antigen-specific, gamma interferon-secreting T cells and to enhance cell

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Grazhdantseva, A. A., D. V. Antonets, L. I. Karpenko, E. V. Starostina, M. B. Borgoyakova, and G. V. Kochneva. "INDUCTION OF T-CELL IMMUNE RESPONSE BY A RECOMBINANT STRAIN OF VACCINIA VIRUS EXPRESSING A CASSETTE OF STRUCTURAL PROTEIN'S GENES OF MARBURG VIRUS." http://eng.biomos.ru/conference/articles.htm 1, no. 19 (2021): 174–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37747/2312-640x-2021-19-174-176.

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The constructed recombinant strain MVA-GP-VP40-MARV, in addition to the induction of humoral immunity, also forms specific cellular immunity to the Marburg virus, and therefore can be considered as a promising vaccine against Marburg fever.

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Zhang, Xiao-Lian, Yushan Ren, Miao Lin, and Yuanqin Min. "CpG-E1E2 glycosylation-mutants of Hepatitis C Virus enhance specific cellular immune response and neutralizing antibodes (113.14)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (2012): 113.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.113.14.

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Abstract Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects 170 million people world wide, and about 80% of the infected individuals develop chronic hepatitis with a risk of progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast to hepatitis A and B virus, there is no vaccine for HCV. Thus, the development of an idea vaccine against hepatitis C remains a high prority goal. N-linked glycosylation of viral proteins have been implicated in immunicity. HCV neucleocapsids consist of two highly glycosylated envelop protein E1 and E2, in which the E1 contains 5 N-linked glycans and the E2 has 11 N-glycosyla

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Yu, Hong, Lorne A. Babiuk, and Sylvia van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk. "Priming with CpG-enriched plasmid and boosting with protein formulated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and Quil A induces strong cellular and humoral immune responses to hepatitis C virus NS3." Journal of General Virology 85, no. 6 (2004): 1533–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.79821-0.

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Cell-mediated immune responses to hepatitis C virus (HCV) proteins play a key role in recovery from infection. The NS3 protein of HCV is of special interest, since it is one of the most conserved proteins and NS3-specific immune responses are stronger and more frequently observed in patients resolving the infection than in chronically infected patients. Since these characteristics make NS3 an attractive vaccine candidate, the objective of this study was to optimize NS3-specific immune responses. Results from this group first demonstrated that a plasmid enriched with 24 CpG motifs (pBISIA24-NS3

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Hassett, Daniel E., Jie Zhang, Mark Slifka, and J. Lindsay Whitton. "Immune Responses following Neonatal DNA Vaccination Are Long-Lived, Abundant, and Qualitatively Similar to Those Induced by Conventional Immunization." Journal of Virology 74, no. 6 (2000): 2620–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.6.2620-2627.2000.

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ABSTRACT Virus infections are devastating to neonates, and the induction of active antiviral immunity in this age group is an important goal. Here, we show that a single neonatal DNA vaccination induces cellular and humoral immune responses which are maintained for a significant part of the animal's life span. We employ a sensitive technique which permits the first demonstration and quantitation, directly ex vivo, of virus-specific CD8+ T cells induced by DNA immunization. One year postvaccination, antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were readily detectable and constituted 0.5 to 1% of all CD8+ T ce

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Atabani, Sowsan, Gary Landucci, Michael W. Steward, Hilton Whittle, Jeremiah G. Tilles, and Donald N. Forthal. "Sex-Associated Differences in the Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity Antibody Response to Measles Vaccines." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 7, no. 1 (2000): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.7.1.111-113.2000.

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ABSTRACT In some countries, excessive non-measles-related mortality has been observed among female recipients of high-titer measles vaccines. We determined if differences in the immune response to measles vaccines underlie the excessive female mortality by measuring the measles virus (MV)-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) antibody response in 65 3-year-old Gambian children immunized with Edmonston-Zagreb medium-titer (EZ) or Schwarz standard vaccines during infancy. Among the 20 females and 22 males with undetectable anti-MV antibodies at the time of immunization, female

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Lukacs, Nicholas W., and Carrie-Anne Malinczak. "Harnessing Cellular Immunity for Vaccination against Respiratory Viruses." Vaccines 8, no. 4 (2020): 783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8040783.

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Severe respiratory viral infections, such as influenza, metapneumovirus (HMPV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), rhinovirus (RV), and coronaviruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), cause significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. These viruses have been identified as important causative agents of acute respiratory disease in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. Clinical signs of infection range from mild upper respiratory illness to more serious lower respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Additionally, thes

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Li, Hai, Hu Ren, Yangzi Zhou, Yan Zhang, Lei Cao, and Wenbo Xu. "HRSV prefusion-F protein with Adju-Phos adjuvant induces long-lasting Th2-biased immunity in mice." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0262231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262231.

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The development of human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) vaccine has been hampered by the risk of enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) which was induced by highly skewed toward Th2 immune response. In our previous study, we expressed the recombinant pre-F protein using Escherichia coli BL21, called RBF. To verify if the RBF protein could cause ERD, we tested the immunogenicity and safety of RBF with a commercial alum adjuvant (GMP-grade Adju-Phos). RBF alone and RBF/Adju-Phos elicited long-lasting protective antibodies and a cellular immune response in mice after three immunizations. Unfortun

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Spiri, Andrea M., Marilisa Novacco, Marina L. Meli, et al. "Modified-Live Feline Calicivirus Vaccination Elicits Cellular Immunity against a Current Feline Calicivirus Field Strain in an Experimental Feline Challenge Study." Viruses 13, no. 9 (2021): 1736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13091736.

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Feline calicivirus (FCV) is a common cat virus associated with oral ulcerations and virulent-systemic disease. Efficacious FCV vaccines protect against severe disease but not against infection. The high genetic diversity of FCV poses a challenge in vaccine design. Protection against FCV has been related to humoral and cellular immunity; the latter has not been studied in detail. This study investigates the cellular and humoral immune response of specified pathogen-free (SPF) cats after modified-live FCV F9 vaccinations and two heterologous FCV challenges by the analysis of lymphocyte subsets,

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Wong, Pamela T., Peter H. Goff, Jessica J. O’Konek, et al. "Combined nanoemulsion and RIG-I agonist adjuvants-activation of diverse pathways for a broad spectrum influenza vaccine." Journal of Immunology 196, no. 1_Supplement (2016): 145.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.145.11.

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Abstract Current influenza vaccines are limited by low immunogenicity, short duration of protection, and narrow cross-strain efficacy. Broad-based cellular immune responses and mucosal immunity are key to an effective vaccine. However, most single adjuvants exhibit only some of these qualities. Here we combine two adjuvants, an oil-in-water nanoemulsion (NE), and a synthetic RNA from Sendai virus (IVT DI), each individually shown to elicit protective immunity to influenza via distinct mechanisms. Intranasal (IN) immunization with NE and influenza hemagglutinin induces mucosal and systemic anti

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Dasari, Vijayendra, Corey Smith, Jie Zhong, Gillian Scott, William Rawlinson, and Rajiv Khanna. "Recombinant glycoprotein B vaccine formulation with Toll-like receptor 9 agonist and immune-stimulating complex induces specific immunity against multiple strains of cytomegalovirus." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 5 (2011): 1021–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.029413-0.

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Natural human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is characterized by a strain-specific neutralizing antibody response. This is particularly relevant in clinical settings such as transplantation and pregnancy where reinfection with heterologous strains occurs and the immune system does not mount an effective response against the infecting strain due to underlying immunosuppression. There is an emerging argument that a CMV vaccine that induces high titres of cross-neutralizing antibodies will be more effective in protecting individuals from infection with antigenically different CMV strains. In add

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Pleyer, Christopher, Kerry J. Laing, Mir Ali, et al. "Effect of Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor on Serologic and Cellular Immune Responses to Recombinant Zoster Vaccine." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (2021): 1556. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-148539.

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Abstract Introduction The recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) is effective in preventing herpes zoster reactivation in the general population. We previously showed that patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), particularly those receiving Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis), have decreased humoral immune responses following vaccination. The impact of vaccination on cellular immune responses in CLL patients is not well characterized. Understanding the effect of humoral and cellular immunity in CLL patients who are treatment naïve or receiving BTKis can inform vaccination strategies

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Huang, Y., L. A. Babiuk, and S. van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk. "Immunization with a bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein B DNA vaccine induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in mice and cattle." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 4 (2005): 887–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80533-0.

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Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are considered to be important in protection against and recovery from viral infections. In this study, several approaches to induce cytotoxicity against bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) were evaluated. Vaccination of C57BL/6 mice with BHV-1 induced a strong humoral, but no CTL, response, which may be due to downregulation of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. In contrast, vaccinia virus expressing glycoprotein B (gB) elicited a weaker antibody response, but strong cytotoxicity, in mice. As an approach to inducing both strong humoral a

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Lobby, Jenna L., Shamika Danzy, Anice Lowen, and Jacob E. Kohlmeier. "Impact of pre-existing immunity on the development of de novo virus-specific TRM following live attenuated influenza vaccination." Journal of Immunology 208, no. 1_Supplement (2022): 126.41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.208.supp.126.41.

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Abstract Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) elicits both humoral and cellular immune memory in children, but its efficacy is limited in adults. We hypothesize that pre-existing immunity from past infections and/or immunizations prevents the attenuated vaccine from establishing an immune response. To determine if we can overcome this limitation by increasing the antigenic distance of the vaccine strain from previous circulating seasonal strains, we generated a series of drifted LAIVs with successive mutations in the HA protein, allowing for increasing levels of escape from pre-existing an

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Pogodina, E. A., A. V. Lobov, P. I. Ivanova, V. I. Kazey, and I. Zh Shubina. "Induction of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune reactions in immune compromised patients." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 20, no. 4 (2021): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2021-20-4-18-25.

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The aim of the review is studying the immune response to the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in different populations, including those with immunosuppression due to concomitant diseases or immunosuppressive therapy.The role of T cells in building up the anti-COVID-19 immunity is of special interest, particularly, when comparing T cell and antibody based immunity. A number of studies are focused on the effectiveness of T-cell immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as on the resistance to re-infection. The decreased immunity associated with such ill

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