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1
Kanaya, T., K. Hirabayashi, I. Fujita, and K. Tsumura. "Detection of unusual data in online monitoring of wastewater processing." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 1 (1996): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0007.
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A basic of process control is to understand process conditions with measuring instruments and to operate processes so as to realize target conditions. If input measured values were inaccurate, output of manipulated variables would become improper and, as a result, it would be difficult to bring the process to the desired condition. In the wastewater treatment process, thanks to the latest progress in sensor technology, numerous automatic measuring instruments have been introduced. However, because of adverse environmental conditions peculiar to the wastewater treatment process such as slime-contaminated sensing elements, long-term continuous measurement is rather difficult. We believe such disadvantages in the measurement are making automatic control of the process very difficult to achieve. Under such circumstances, we have developed a detection system for unusual data which automatically checks six items of deviation from upper and lower limit values, rate of change (too much or too little), collating data from similar measuring instruments, etc. based on the measuring data of the last 30 days. With this system, validity of the accumulated data is being checked using measuring data. Accordingly, it enables us to deal with characteristics of measuring instruments, situations of wastewater treatment plants, seasonal changes, etc. automatically. In this report, automatic methods to establish judgement criteria, structure of this detection system and logic of detection of unusual data are introduced. Furthermore, test results with the data collected from actual wastewater treatment plants are covered.
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Zhang, Shi Lin. "Research on Optical Radiation Measuring System Based on Virtual Instrument." Applied Mechanics and Materials 484-485 (January 2014): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.484-485.337.
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Using virtual instrument technology, digital signal processing technology and traditional optical radiation measuring technology to construct optical radiation measuring system breaks the construction methods of traditional instruments. Signal processing, collection, control and process of measuring system are implemented by the software LabVIEW8.2. And they are integrated in a computer. The computer not only is data processing center, but also is instrument control center. While measuring, the user uses the mouse to operate the handles including knobs, switch and buttons of virtual instrument panel to select instrument functions and set various parameters, which realizes measuring optical radiation with different wave bands and different intensity. And the user can change instrument operation panel, modify system software, transform instrument function, and customize instrument parameters, which embodies the idea that the software is the instrument.
3
Yuan, Feng Wei, Yan Jiang, and Liang Bin Hu. "Automatic and Intellectualized Reconstruction of the Surface Roughness Measuring Instrument." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1912–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1912.
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The automatic and intellectualized reconstruction is the important way to improve and expand the traditional instrumental function. The surface roughness is an important indicator of effecting parts and products performance. On the basis of using precision measurement technology, electronic technology and computer technology synthetically, the principle and method of the automatic and intellectualized reconstruction of JB-3C Type Surface Roughness Measuring Instrument is mainly introduced, which is to reconstruct the hardware circuit and develop function in view of the flaws that the data processing speed of the traditional instruments is slow and they can not print the curve very abundant and even that operating steps are complicated and other shortcomings. And we adopt Matlab and VC++ mix programming to gather, process, demonstrate, analyze and compute data, which has high applicability and performance price ratio.
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Wei, Yong Geng, and Zhong Xian Wang. "Research of Automatic Measurement Technology for Oil Thimble External Thread Parameters." Key Engineering Materials 579-580 (September 2013): 558–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.579-580.558.
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There are many problems for manual measurement of oil thimble external thread parameters: human error, low efficiency, low precision for measuring instruments and high abrasion for its measuring head, so photology automatic measurement method is adopted. Automatic measurement is finished by the following method: obtaining image by plane Matrix CCD and a two-DOF motion platform, extracting digital image by digital image processing techniques, getting the thread parameters by reasonable algorithms and digital image detection technology. Through field experiment of measuring instrument prototype for TYG type oil thimble external thread parameters, Data error is very small, obtained data is precise, measuring efficiency and precision for measuring instrument are high, there is no equipment abrasion problem for the measurement process, the method is feasible.
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Kalinchik, Vasilij, Vitaliy Pobigaylo, Vitaliy Kalinchyk, and Daniil Filjanin. "Use of statistical analysis methods in processing population survey data." Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice, no. 1 (5) (May 28, 2021): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2021.1.11.
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The article analyzes the structures of the measuring channels of electricity metering systems. It is shown that such a structure is determined by the types of measuring instruments used and the scheme of their connection, in particular, by the types of electricity meters installed at the metering points. Moreover, the counters can have a pulse or interface information output. It is shown that the path for measuring and metering electricity includes a measuring circuit consisting of measuring current and voltage transformers, an electricity meter, communication lines, a metering device and a data collection device. The applied method is based on the standardization of the metrological characteristics of individual elements of the measuring path and their synthesis based on the metrological characteristics of the entire electricity metering system. To calculate the total error of the measuring channel, a formula is used that takes into account only the errors of the measuring circuit. It is shown that in recent years there has been a tendency when measuring current transformers and, accordingly, electricity meters operate in the mode of low current loads. In this case, the errors of the elements of the measuring path are poorly studied. The graphs of errors of current transformers depending on load currents are given. It is shown that the values of the errors of current transformers vary with the magnitude of the load current and are in the region of negative values. Therefore, the wrong choice of current transformers can lead to a significant underestimation of electricity. The errors of voltage transformers depend mainly on the load on the secondary winding and do not significantly affect the total error. The resulting error of the measuring path current transformer - voltage transformer - electricity meter in the area of low loads is given. A change in errors in the area of low loads leads to serious metrological losses (underpayment of electricity). In the automation of electricity metering, graphs of changes in errors in the area of low loads are presented, which can serve as a basis for correcting the error of the measuring paths.
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Zhou, Zong Guo, Yin Xia Lou, and Jian Chu. "The Error Analysis and Data Processing of Leaf Water Potential." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1440.
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For the implementation of precision irrigation (PI), it is most important to measure precisely plant water potential. The traditional measuring instruments still can not meet the need for continuous automatic detection of plant water potential, and have difficulty detecting living plant water potential. Plant water potential soft- sensing is one of the ways worth exploring. The first thing we should think about is the accuracy of the data. Filter the information of plant water potential acquired by the detecting system and further analyze this information to discover the change rules on the plant water potential.
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DAS, ATIN, and PRITHA DAS. "FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT EASTERN AND WESTERN MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS." Fractals 14, no. 03 (2006): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x06003192.
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In this paper, we attempt musical analysis by measuring fractal dimension (D) of musical pieces played by several musical instruments. We collected solo performances of popular instruments of Western and Eastern origin as samples. We attempted usual spectral analysis of the selected clips to observe peaks of fundamental and harmonics in frequency regime. After appropriate processing, we converted them into time series data sets and computed their fractal dimension. Based on our results, we conclude that instrumental musical sounds may have higher Ds than those computed from vocal performances of different types of Indian songs.
8
Zhang, Ling Fei, and Sheng Yu Wang. "The Equal Precision Measurement Data Processing System Based on Virtual Instrument." Advanced Materials Research 981 (July 2014): 647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.981.647.
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During quantitative analysis on measured object by using equal precision measurement method, there remains certain difference between the measuring result and truth value due to the impact on measuring method, measuring tools and measuring environment. In order to reduce measurement error, we usually make continuous equal precision measurements on the measured object repeatedly. Then we get the final result by theoretical calculations, error analysis and dispose on measurement data. The data processing shows complicated and error-prone .But now we take computer as a carrier, then combining with virtual instrument technology to accomplish the data-processing system. It can cover the manual computation shortage and can take humanization disposal on measurement data. Moreover, the results can show with multi-mode intuitively.
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Fedorenko, Vyacheslav F., Vitaly E. Tarkivskiy, Nikolay P. Mishurov, and Nikolay V. Trubitsyn. "Digital Data Processing Methods for Estimating Tractive Force of Tractors." Engineering Technologies and Systems 31, no. 1 (2021): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2658-4123.031.202101.127-142.
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Introduction. When carrying out an energy assessment of agricultural machines and traction tests of tractors, the most important indicator is the value of the tractive effort. The existing methods for determining the tractive effort of tractors imply the use of specialized measuring instruments, such as strain gauges and devices for processing and displaying information. The accuracy of determining the tractive effort is significantly influenced by the physical and mechanical properties of soil. To process the useful signal during the measurement of tractive effort, the data stream of the strain gauge sensor must be subjected to additional digital filtering taking into account the operating conditions of the agricultural unit. Materials and Methods. The functions of changing the tractive effort obtained on the K-744R2 tractor in various gears have been analyzed. An algorithm for digital processing of the signal of a strain gauge force meter based on a median filter has been developed that makes it possible to increase the measurement accuracy. The advantage of the proposed method is the ability to cut off sharp short-term impulse noise and sharp fluctuations in the amplitude of the measured value. Results. A method for determining the amount of tractive effort using median signal processing has been proposed. A device for determining the tractive effort during testing of agricultural tractors and units has been developed. The choice of the main components of the device for determining the magnitude of the tractive effort has been substantiated. As a result of the research, a device for measuring and digital processing of the signal of a force meter based on a microcontroller and specialized software for processing initial data in real time was designed and manufactured. Discussion and Conclusion. The developed method makes it possible to exclude the negative effect of impulse noise arising in the process of measuring the tractive effort of the tractor. The proposed device for measuring the tractive effort of tractors is compatible at the level of the exchange protocol with existing devices, has a high speed of operation in real time, multi-channel operation.
10
Pil'cov, Mihail. "DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS BASED ON ARDUINO PLATFORM AND PYTHON PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE." Modern Technologies and Scientific and Technological Progress 2018, no. 1 (2020): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.36629/2686-9896-2020-2018-1-84-85.
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An example of an implementation of a data collection system based on the Arduino
 platform and the Python programming language is considered. These systems can be used to
 automate long-term multiple measurements, as well as subsequent processing of the results of these
 measurements. Similar systems can find application in young scientists, masters and post-graduate
 students in their research work while experimentally testing the developed mathematical models and
 theories.
11
YAGI, Ryo. "Roles of Software for Profile Measurement. Data Processing and Profile Evaluation on Roundness and Cylindricity Measuring Instruments." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 61, no. 8 (1995): 1073–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.61.1073.
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12
Smit, Robin, and Phil Kingston. "Measuring On-Road Vehicle Emissions with Multiple Instruments Including Remote Sensing." Atmosphere 10, no. 9 (2019): 516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10090516.
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The objective of this paper is to use remote sensing to measure on-road emissions and to examine the impact and usefulness of additional measurement devices at three sites. Supplementing remote sensing device (RSD) equipment with additional equipment increased the capture rate by almost 10%. Post-processing of raw data is essential to obtain useful and accurate information. A method is presented to identify vehicles with excessive emission levels (high emitters). First, an anomaly detection method is applied, followed by identification of cold start operating conditions using infrared vehicle profiles. Using this method, 0.6% of the vehicles in the full (enhanced) RSD data were identified as high emitters, of which 35% are likely in cold start mode where emissions typically stabilize to low hot running emission levels within a few minutes. Analysis of NOx RSD data confirms that poor real-world NOx performance of Euro 4/5 light-duty diesel vehicles observed around the world is also evident in Australian measurements. This research suggests that the continued dieselisation in Australia, in particular under the current Euro 5 emission standards and the more stringent NO2 air quality criteria expected in 2020 and 2025, could potentially result in local air quality issues near busy roads.
13
Markó, Gergely, Péter Primusz, and József Péterfalvi. "Measuring the Bearing Capacity of Forest Roads with an Improved Benkelman Beam Apparatus." Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 9, no. 1 (2013): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aslh-2013-0008.
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Abstract Bearing capacity measurements of roads were traditionally carried out using the Benkelman beam. The Benkelman beam measurements provide the maximum vertical deflection of the pavement under 50 kN of wheel load. Nowadays the bearing capacity of public roads is measured with falling weight deflectometers. Falling weight deflectometer measurements provide the full deflection basin. It is convenient to use these high precision instruments on forest roads, but their application is inefficient and costly. The Department of Forest Opening Up developed a new method to measure the full deflection basin with the Benkelman beam. Besides the instrument improvement the authors developed a new method for the processing of the deflection basin data. Results are presented through the case study of a 2nd class opening up forest road.
14
P., Arun Kumar N., and Jagadeesh Chandra A.P. "Development of Remote Access and Control Features for Digital Signal Processing Laboratory Experimentations." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 12, no. 08 (2016): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v12i08.5957.
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Remote instrumentation and collaborative learning methods have enhanced the experimental learning aspects of engineering education. Automation is changing the nature of these laboratories and remote access techniques are providing access to server machine from anywhere in the world through internet. This provides an opportunity to develop the remote instrumentation laboratories using which students can perform their lab experiments remotely all over the day and thereby increasing the productivity of the lab setups and measuring instruments. This paper presents the detailed architecture and the implementation details of remote DSP lab instrumentation. LabVIEW user interface is developed to control all the test instruments and their related hardware interfaces. Radmin tool is used as remote access tool to integrate multiple clients to server machine through wired/wireless internet access. Hardware interface is designed and developed to route data and control signals from data acquisition card to the respective hardware and to control the test instruments.
15
Bai, Hai Cheng, Hong Ji Meng, and Zhi Xie. "Development of an Embedded High-Temperature Field Measuring Instrument." Advanced Materials Research 508 (April 2012): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.508.151.
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This paper describes the development of an embedded high-temperature measuring instrument, which is composed of lens, photoelectric converter based on area-array CCD, and data acquisition, processing, Ethernet communication module based on DSP. The device is a creation of imaging spectrum, CCD imaging technology, digital image processing method and Ethernet communication together effectively. The advantages of this approach are: First, the networked measuring platform provides the possibility for process parameters optimization. Second, direct digital signal communication improves the anti-interference ability. Third, by employing 4-stage pipeline data processing mechanism greatly improves the real-time requirement. Fourth, through the constitution of application-layer protocol, the reliability of high-speed data transmission via Ethernet is guaranteed. The experiment by blackbody furnace in the laboratory shows that the maximum absolute error is 3.2 ºC, and the maximum relative error is 0.40%.
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Cao, Xiang Feng, Zhi Chuan Guan, Feng Qing Ma, and Yun Long Xu. "The Data Processing and the Related Software Development of the Active Magnetic Measuring Instrument." Applied Mechanics and Materials 530-531 (February 2014): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.237.
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Magnetic guidance drilling technology is use of magnetic guidance instrument measuring the distance between the signal source and the location of the instrument, and it is used to control the well trajectory to connect or parallel the target layer. And it is an effective supplement of the existing steering drilling technology. At present, the magnetic guidance drilling technology is mainly applied to drill horizontal wells in pairs for the super heavy recovery, CBM horizontal connected wells, underground soluble minerals, relief well and so on. This paper introduces the data processing and the related software development of the active magnetic measuring instrument.
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Wang, Tao, Hu Rong Duan, Liu Tao Jiang, and Shun Liu. "Analysis of Underground Space Azimuth Measuring and Data Processing in a Tunnel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 580-583 (July 2014): 2828–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.580-583.2828.
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In this paper, we studied high accuracy azimuth measuring on improving the precision of traverse azimuth from the perspective of transfixion measurement error in a tunnel project. On the basis of a feasible scheme using Gyro Total Station measurement is given. Data processing theory and method are also introduced with a successful tunnel transfixion case. The transfixion results show that the instrument constant measurement precision is 3.7", baseline coordinates azimuth measurement accuracy is 4.8" into tunnel, the final orientation coordinate azimuth value and traverse measurement values differ is 11", to guide the construction of the gyro orientation with survey results achieved tunnel through smoothly.
18
Tyurin, Andrei, German Ganus, Mikhail Stepanov, and Gafurzhan Ismailov. "Measurement Instruments and Software Used in Biotribology Research Laboratory." Electrical, Control and Communication Engineering 8, no. 1 (2015): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ecce-2015-0004.
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Abstract Precision measurements of friction processes have a key role in a variety of industrial processes. The emergence of fine electronic circuit techniques greatly expands capabilities of control. There are some difficulties for their full implementation today, especially when it regards the accuracy and frequency of measurements. The motion-measuring method in real-time system is considered in this article, paying special attention to increased accuracy. This method is based on rapid analog digital converter (ADC), transmission program and digital signal processor (DSP) algorithms. Description of laboratory devices is included: Tribal-T and universal friction machine (MTU-01) designed for “Pin on disc” tests. Great emphasis is placed on the usability of accelerometers. The present study examined the collected data via laboratory system for data acquisition and control, and processing it in the laboratory of Biotribology. Laboratory supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) algorithms is described below. Task of regulation is not considered. This paper describes only methods of automatic control theory to analyze the frictional quality.
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Górski, Zygmunt, and Romuald Cwilewicz. "Usefulness assessment of standard measuring instruments installed on sea-going ships to perform energy measurements." Polish Maritime Research 14, no. 1 (2007): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-007-0004-2.
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Usefulness assessment of standard measuring instruments installed on sea-going ships to perform energy measurements The presented work is a contribution to discussion on usefulness of application of measurement instrumentation used on sea-going ships for energy measurement and scientific research purposes. Contemporary sea-going ships are equipped as a rule with up-to-date measurement instrumentation usually based on electronic data processing and computer technique. These authors have made many times use of such instruments in their research work. This way it was not necessary to install any special instruments, that significantly reduced measurement cost. In such cases to obtain a sufficient accuracy of measurements constitutes a crucial problem. In this paper was presented an analysis of measurement errors of some operational parameters of ship and its main propulsion system, elaborated within the frame of the KBN research project no. 9 T12D 033 17. Results of the analysis confirm usefulness of the standard measurement instrumentation installed on ships, and its sufficient accuracy.
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Viet, Dang-Thai. "Design the encoder inspection system based on the voltage wave form using finite impulse response (FIR) filter." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 22n24 (2020): 2040146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220401463.
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Encoder is the measurement device that plays an important role in the electronic industry. In the process of manufacturing, the current mechanical testing methods are not of very high accuracy or are having problems in data processing algorithms. In this paper, the author represents a method for the testing mechanical work of an encoder product by measuring the torque induced by rotating the encoder. The advantages of this method are the high accuracy, stability and low cost. The accuracy of this method can go upto 95–98%. The measurement system uses LabView software as the data processing application and NI instruments as the data acquisition tools.
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Andrushko, M., V. Kuznetsov, and I. Shein. "CONSIDERATIONS ON ALGORITHMS OF SELECTION AND COMPONENTS FORMING OF ON-BOARD INFORMATION AND MEASURING COMPLEXES AND REGISTRATION SYSTEMS. PECULIARITIES OF THEIR APPLICATION." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 7 (May 21, 2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.7.2021.01.
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On-board information and measuring complexes and registration systems are intended to control the parameters of both systems and components of the prototype and the sample of automotive and armored vehicles in general to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics to assess their compliance with specifications of technical development requirements.
 At present stage, there is often a need to improve methods for optimizing the development of on-board systems for collecting and processing information to ensure conducting of testing works, which take into account particulars of the electronic equipment development and are based on a unified approach to the optimal use of resources of collection and information processing systems.
 Analysis of the problem of rational use of resources of standard means of measurement, registration and indication in the system of onboard measurements and further processing of the results in automated systems for collecting and processing information for their use in testing mass produced (modernized) aircraft was previously considered by Soviet, Ukrainian and foreign scientists. But they do not give a complete picture of the algorithm, completeness and quality of tests using standard measuring instruments installed on board aircraft and do not answer a number of questions related to the optimization of the computational process.
 In particular, the potentials of standard means of measurement, registration and indication as part of the on- board measurement system for testing mass produced (modernized) aircraft and installed components, units and systems under test are not fully explored. The issue of building optimal data collection programs that implement the inquiry of measuring channels with restrictions on the frequency of channel inquiry and information processing speed is insufficiently studied.
 The novelty of the research consists in the developing of an algorithm for capabilities analysis and procedure for incorporating standard measuring, registration and indication instruments in the on-board measuring system within a single measuring and information field for testing mass produced (modernized) samples of weapons.
 Approbation and implementation of the abovementioned algorithms will allow test teams to minimize time spent on the development (selection) of the onboard measurement system to ensure research and testing of both modernized aircraft, vehicles and armored vehicles and newly created with advanced information systems.
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Zhu, Wen Liang, Jian Li, and Fang Yu. "Stress Strain Test System for Rail Vehicle on Virtual Instrument." Applied Mechanics and Materials 97-98 (September 2011): 976–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.97-98.976.
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This paper bases on LabVIEW, combines corresponding NI industrial computer and DAQ card, completes stress strain signal data acquisition and processing automatically. It had real time storage, data processing and other functions. It had the advantages of flexibility using, portability and costly effective. It shows that using the NI computer testing replaces traditional strain measuring instrument, which has an important signification for stress and strain signal data acquisition and processing.
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Xu, Rui Lin, Yu Liu, Xin Xu, and Jian Jun He. "Power Quality Monitoring System Based on LabVIEW." Advanced Materials Research 711 (June 2013): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.711.358.
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This paper analyzes the power quality measuring principles according to the national power quality indicator. And a power quality monitoring system based on LabVIEW has been designed. Five indexes are introduced simply in the paper. They are voltage deviation, frequency deviation, three-phase unbalance degree, power harmonic and voltage fluctuation and flicker. Virtual instrument technology is used in the system. Through the combination of software and hardware and with the help of software simulation, the system gets signal data and analyses the power quality. The main program interface has been shown. Simulation showed that the system is feasible. Compared with the traditional instruments, the system has a friendly man-machine interface and strong processing capacity. It can be operated simply and extended conveniently.
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Andrushko, M., I. Shein, and S. Ratushny. "SUBSTANTIATION OF GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ON-BOARD INFORMATION MEASUREMENT AND RECORDING SYSTEMS FOR TESTS OF AUTOMOTIVE EQUIPMENT AND ARMOURED VEHICLES." Наукові праці Державного науково-дослідного інституту випробувань і сертифікації озброєння та військової техніки, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37701/dndivsovt.6.2020.01.
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On-board information measurement and recording systems are designed to control the parameters of both systems and units of the prototype and the sample of automotive equipment and armored vehicles in general, to obtain qualitative and quantitative characteristics to assess their compliance with technical requirements of the request for proposal.
 The universal modular type on-board information-measuring system must provide acquisition, conversion and registration on the on-board drive of parametric (analog and digital), discrete, audio and video information from on- board systems of armament and military equipment (AME) sample during tests.
 A special place is occupied by data collection and processing systems during automotive equipment and armored vehicles tests. This is due to the need to obtain during experiments quantitative information about the characteristics of the sample and its systems on the basis of an unbiased evaluation of a significant number of values of physical quantities, which are determined experimentally. Despite the significant difference in the technical characteristics and methods of application of different types of armored vehicles, the information support of their tests has lots in common.
 From the technical point of view, tests of armored vehicles are a process of obtaining, converting, registering and processing of measuring information generated by on-board systems of AME test sample. The whole complex of engineering measurements instruments (ground measuring instruments, on-board measuring systems, trajectory measurement systems, telemetry systems) using common time equipment, means of acquisition and processing measuring information, control and communication is combined into a single information measuring and computing complex, which in turn allows giving an unbiased evaluation of the characteristics and features of the test object as a whole.
 In order to improve the quality of testing of new and upgraded sample of automotive equipment and armored vehicles, the need for a universal on-board information measurement and recording systems, its characteristics are analysed, proposals for the composition, as well as general requirements were introduced.
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Barna, A., I. B. Földes, Z. Gingl, and R. Mingesz. "Compact Energy Measuring System for Short Pulse Lasers." Metrology and Measurement Systems 20, no. 2 (2013): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mms-2013-0016.
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Abstract In experiments with short-pulse lasers the measurement control of the energy of the laser pulse is of crucial importance. Generally it is difficult to measure the amplitude of the pulses of short-pulse lasers using electronic devices, their response time being longer than the duration of the laser pulses. The electric response of the detector is still too fast to be directly digitized therefore a peak-hold unit can be used to allow data processing for the computer. In this paper we present a device which measures the energy of UV short (fs) pulses shot-byshot, digitizes and sends the data to the PC across an USB interface. The circuit is based on an analog peak detect and hold unit and the use of fiber optical coupling between the PC and the device provides a significant improvement to eliminate potential ground loops and to reduce conductive and radiated noise as well. The full development is open source and has been made available to download from our web page (http://www.noise.inf.u-szeged.hu/Instruments/PeakHold/).
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Yuan, Jiang, Zi Xue Qiu, and Jin Wei Cao. "A New Method for Accurately Evaluating Planar Straightness Error." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.18.
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Because of the disadvantages in evaluating straightness error of the traditional method, such as high algorithm complexity, low evaluating precision, it can’t be appropriate for various instruments. A fast and accurate method called intercept of convex polygon algorithm is put forward to implement least envelope zone for evaluating plane straightness errors. The algorithm is based on the convex-hull theory in computational geometry, the measuring data of various instruments are firstly converted into coordinate value, then constructed the convex polygon by slope factor. The unique point meeting the least condition can be found, and the straightness error can be calculated through shear shift conversion. Experimental results show that the method is simple and easy for automatic data processing by computer, and has features of high precision and high speed.
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Palominos, Fredi, Hernan Díaz, Felisa Córdova, Lucio Cañete, and Claudia Durán. "A Solution for Problems in the Organization, Storage and Processing of Large Data Banks of Physiological Variables." International Journal of Computers Communications & Control 12, no. 2 (2017): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/ijccc.2017.2.2880.
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The proliferation and popularization of new instruments for measuring different types of electrophysiological variables have generated the need to store huge volumes of information, corresponding to the records obtained by applying this instruments on experimental subjects. Together with this must be added the data derived from the analysis and purification processes. Moreover, several stages involved in the processing of data is associated with one or more specific methods related to the area of research and to the treatment at which the base information (RAW) is subjected. As a result of this and with the passage of time, various problems occur, which are the most obvious consequence of that data and metadata derived from the treatment processes and analysis and can end up accumulating and requiring more storage space than the base data. In addition, the enormous amount of information, as it increases over time, can lead to the loss of the link between the processed data, the methods of treatment used, and the analysis performed so that eventually all becomes simply a huge repository of biometric data, devoid of meaning and sense. This paper presents an approach founded on a data model that can adequately handle different types of chronologies of physiological and emotional information, ensuring confidentiality of information according to the experimental protocols and relevant ethical requirements, linking the information with the methods of treatment used and the technical and scientific documents derived from the analysis. Consequently, the need to generate specific data model is justified by the fact that the tools currently associated with the storage of large volumes of information are not able to take care of the semantic elements that make up the metadata and information relating to the analysis of base records of physiological information. This work is an extension of our paper [25].
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Wang, Jun Feng, and Fu Gui Ma. "Application of Radius Error Compensation Principle in the Profile Measuring Instrument." Applied Mechanics and Materials 190-191 (July 2012): 923–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.190-191.923.
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The paper analyses the compensation error which is caused by the probe radius of shape measurement instrument with the theory of envelope, and the model of the probe center is established. After having coordinates of envelope point corresponding to data point, actual curve equation has been obtained by using non-uniform B-spline curve. Finally, the effect is simulated and analysed by Matlab, and the result shows that the method of data processing has high precision.
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Kurniawan, Thea Agatha, Bambang Mulyana, and Asep Risman. "COMPARISON OF FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT BANKS AND NATIONAL PRIVATE BANKS IN BOOK CATEGORY 4." EUrASEANs: journal on global socio-economic dynamics, no. 3(28) (May 31, 2021): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35678/2539-5645.3(28).2021.24-36.
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The purpose of this research is to compare empirically the performance of government banks and national private banks in the period of 2014-2019. The population in this study includes government-owned banks (BUMN) and national private banks (BUSN) registered in BUKU 4. The statistical method used has been t-test for different variants (unequal variance) with the separated variance formula. Data processing to compare the financial performance of government banks and national private has been based on the independent sample t-tests. The results show that there are differences when using several measuring instruments.
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Anjaningrum, Widiya Dewi. "PENERAPAN METODE STABLE TAIL ADJUSTED RETURN RATIO (STARR) DALAM PENGUKURAN KINERJA INVESTASI." Jurnal Ilmiah Bisnis dan Ekonomi Asia 10, no. 2 (2018): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32812/jibeka.v10i2.78.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the appropriate approach and method for measuring the performance of the investment, if the return data provided just a little or the data don’t follow the normal distribution. Then, apply it in a real case, that is, investment portfolio performance measurement of a pension fund managed by a private university in Malang town. Data processing was aided by MS Excel which the steps are calculating the average return (mean), standard deviation, VaR and CVaR, deviation VaR and CVaR, BI rate and STARR both in the case of a Gaussian distribution and T-Student. The result of the analysis showed that the T-Student distribution approach and STARR method are better to use for measuring pension fund investment performance than the Gaussian distribution approach and traditional Sharpe method. Two investment instruments that have the best performance are a Direct Placement and Property.
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Kingsmill, David E., Sandra E. Yuter, Andrew J. Heymsfield, et al. "TRMM Common Microphysics Products: A Tool for Evaluating Spaceborne Precipitation Retrieval Algorithms." Journal of Applied Meteorology 43, no. 11 (2004): 1598–618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2151.1.
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Abstract A customized product for analysis of microphysics data collected from aircraft during field campaigns in support of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) program is described. These “common microphysics products” (CMPs) are designed to aid in evaluation of TRMM spaceborne precipitation retrieval algorithms. Information needed for this purpose (e.g., particle size spectra and habit, liquid and ice water content) was derived by using a common processing strategy on the wide variety of microphysical instruments and raw native data formats employed in the field campaigns. The CMPs are organized into an American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) structure to allow easy access to the data for those less familiar with microphysical data processing and without the tools to accomplish it. Detailed examples of the CMP show its potential and some of its limitations. This approach may be a first step toward developing a generalized microphysics format and an associated community-oriented, nonproprietary software package for microphysics data processing—initiatives that would likely broaden community access to, and use of, microphysics datasets.
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López-Solano, Javier, Alberto Redondas, Thomas Carlund, et al. "Aerosol optical depth in the European Brewer Network." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 6 (2018): 3885–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-3885-2018.
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Abstract. Aerosols play an important role in key atmospheric processes and feature high spatial and temporal variabilities. This has motivated scientific interest in the development of networks capable of measuring aerosol properties over large geographical areas in near-real time. In this work we present and discuss results of an aerosol optical depth (AOD) algorithm applied to instruments of the European Brewer Network. This network is comprised of close to 50 Brewer spectrophotometers, mostly located in Europe and adjacent areas, although instruments operating at, for example, South America and Australia are also members. Although we only show results for instruments calibrated by the Regional Brewer Calibration Center for Europe, the implementation of the AOD algorithm described is intended to be used by the whole network in the future. Using data from the Brewer intercomparison campaigns in the years 2013 and 2015, and the period in between, plus comparisons with Cimel sun photometers and UVPFR instruments, we check the precision, stability, and uncertainty of the Brewer AOD in the ultraviolet range from 300 to 320 nm. Our results show a precision better than 0.01, an uncertainty of less than 0.05, and, for well-maintained instruments, a stability similar to that of the ozone measurements. We also discuss future improvements to our algorithm with respect to the input data, their processing, and the characterization of the Brewer instruments for the measurement of AOD.
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Mäkelä, Jakke Sakari, Kaisa Lakkala, Tapani Koskela, et al. "Data flow of spectral UV measurements at Sodankylä and Jokioinen." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 5, no. 1 (2016): 193–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-5-193-2016.
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Abstract. The data flow involved in a long-term continuous solar spectral UV irradiance monitoring program is investigated and structured to provide an overall view on the multiphase process from data acquisition to the final products. The program employing Brewer spectrophotometers as measuring instruments is maintained by the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) ever since the 1990s at two sites in Finland: Sodankylä (67° N) and Jokioinen (61° N). It is built upon rigorous operation routines, processing procedures, and tools for quality control (QC) and quality analysis (QA) under continuous development and evaluation. Three distinct levels of data emerge, each after certain phase in the data flow: Level 0 denoting raw data, Level 1 meaning calibrated data processed in near-real time, and Level 2 comprising of postprocessed data corrected for all distinguishable errors and known inaccuracies. The final products disseminated to the users are demonstrated to result from a process with a multitude of separate steps, each required in the production of high-quality data on solar UV radiation at the Earth's surface.
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Khalil, Samina. "Relative Efficiency of Decision Making Units Producing Both Desirable and Undesirable Outputs: A Case of Textile Processing Units in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 50, no. 4II (2011): 685–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v50i4iipp.685-698.
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This paper aims at measuring the relative efficiency of the most polluting industry in terms of water pollution in Pakistan. The textile processing is country‘s leading sub sector in textile manufacturing with regard to value added production, export, employment, and foreign exchange earnings. The data envelopment analysis technique is employed to estimate the relative efficiency of decision making units that uses several inputs to produce desirable and undesirable outputs. The efficiency scores of all manufacturing units exhibit the environmental consciousness of few producers is which may be due to state regulations to control pollution but overall the situation is far from satisfactory. Effective measures and instruments are still needed to check the rising pollution levels in water resources discharged by textile processing industry of the country. JEL classification: L67, Q53 Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Decision Making Unit (DMU), Relative Efficiency, Undesirable Output
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Grinchuk, A. P., A. G. Buday, and A. V. Gromyko. "APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS TO ASSESS THE METROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO-HOLOGRAPHIC MEASURING COMPLEXES." Devices and Methods of Measurements 9, no. 2 (2018): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2220-9506-2018-9-2-173-181.
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Practical application of the radio-holographic method for measuring the characteristics of antennas, especially when conducting acceptance testing of systems, requires an adequate assessment of the errors in the recovery of long-range characteristics. These errors appear to be a superposition composed of various sources, having different nature, different time characteristics and different degrees of influence on the final result. The purpose of this work was the development of a practical technique for determining the influence of random errors in measuring the amplitude-phase distribution of the field of the antenna required for the accuracy of restoring long-range characteristics (primarily the antenna pattern) of the antenna, the proposed technique being based only on processing the experimental results obtained with this measuring complex.A practical method for determining the influence of random errors in measuring the amplitude-phase distribution of the field of the antenna under study on the accuracy of restoring its long-range characteristics (primarily the directional pattern) on the basis of correlation and spectral analysis has been developed and experimentally confirmed. The main advantage of the developed method in comparison with the use of mathematical modeling is that the estimation of the accuracy of the reconstruction of the directivity diagrams is based on the results of processing experimental data obtained on a specific measuring complex and does not a priori impose any preliminary requirements on the statistical parameters of errors. The developed procedure for estimating the influence of random errors can be used to develop a methodology for metrological certification of measuring systems as measuring instruments.
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Cole, Rick. "ADCPs on Surface Buoys: A Brief Look at Legacy Systems and Moving Forward." Marine Technology Society Journal 52, no. 3 (2018): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.52.3.1.
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AbstractThe discussion constantly comes up when planning an observing project, whether one system or multiple systems in an array: “Full water column current velocity and direction included in with all data streams is required,” usually surface meteorology, density, and perhaps wave measurements are needed as well (a complete MetOcean sensor suite). Measuring currents means using acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCP) in today's ocean observing world. Bottom-mounted systems are now standard and straightforward and the best approach for the cleanest data sets. Surface-mounted ADCPs, on moving buoys, take some thought. Hardware is relatively easy; data processing is not so easy, at least not at first, until all that is involved below the waterline of the buoy is understood. The main reason for placing the buoy in the water in the first place is to collect “good,” high-quality data. Here we look at some early applications where ADCPs (RD Instruments/Teledyne RD Instruments) were mounted on surface buoys and discuss some results and ideas on options moving forward.
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Erdélyi, Ján, Alojz Kopáčik, and Peter Kyrinovič. "Spatial Data Analysis for Deformation Monitoring of Bridge Structures." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (2020): 8731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238731.
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Weather conditions and different operational loads often cause changes in essential parts of engineering structures, and this affects the static and dynamic behavior and reliability of these structures. Therefore, geodetic monitoring is an integral part of the diagnosis of engineering structures and provides essential information about the current state (condition) of the structure. The development of measuring instruments enables deformation analyses of engineering structures using non-conventional surveying methods. Nowadays, one of the most effective techniques for spatial data collection is terrestrial laser scanning (TLS). TLS is frequently used for data acquisition in cases where three-dimensional (3D) data with high resolution is needed. Using suitable data processing, TLS can be used for static deformation analysis of the structure being monitored. For dynamic deformation measurements (structural health monitoring) of bridge structures, ground-based radar interferometry and accelerometers are often used for vibration mode determination using spectral analysis of frequencies. This paper describes experimental deformation monitoring of structures performed using TLS and ground-based radar interferometry. The procedure of measurement, the analysis of the acquired spatial data, and the results of deformation monitoring are explained and described.
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Zhang, Jun, Yuan Sheng Liu, and Lin Xue. "A Remote Monitoring System Based on Measuring Instrument Cloud." Advanced Materials Research 1014 (July 2014): 525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1014.525.
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A remote lab room monitoring system based on measuring instrument cloud is presented in this paper. The system consists of cloud computing center, embedded front-end acquisition hardware, mobile terminal device, and network equipment. Measuring service software system located in cloud computing center sends control commands to front-end acquisition hardware and collects acquisition data. Then processing, analysis and integration of signals are completed in the cloud computing framework. Finally, all the information can be interacted with mobile terminals by Web service. The system can monitor environmental parameters of lab rooms located in different campuses, such as temperature, humidity, light, smoke, and flooding. When environmental parameters exceed the preset thresholds, light and audio alarms will be immediately switched on and the administrator will be noticed on Web management page.
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Zhao, Dong, Jian Zhong Zhang, and Jian Zhao. "Virtual Instrument for Measuring Elastic Modulus of Wood Floor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (November 2010): 1634–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.1634.
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Elastic modulus is one of the most important performance parameters of wood-based material, and plays an important role for predicting and evaluating quality of wood-based material. At present, the traditional problems for measuring elastic modulus of wood-based material are: expensive testing instrument, short precision, low immunity to noise and less ease to connect. This paper presents a new elastic modulus-measuring system based on virtual instrument. The system ensures the following functions: (1) real-time data acquisition, (2) signal processing and analyze, (3) saving the file in the appropriate format, (4) computing dynamic elastic modulus by the natural frequency. The analytical results of our experiments show that it is feasible, reliable and effective to use the proposed instrumentation for measuring elastic modulus of wood-based floor.
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Aliev, Rafik, and Konul Memmedova. "Application ofZ-Number Based Modeling in Psychological Research." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/760403.
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Pilates exercises have been shown beneficial impact on physical, physiological, and mental characteristics of human beings. In this paper,Z-number based fuzzy approach is applied for modeling the effect of Pilates exercises on motivation, attention, anxiety, and educational achievement. The measuring of psychological parameters is performed using internationally recognized instruments: Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), Test of Attention (D2 Test), and Spielberger’s Anxiety Test completed by students. The GPA of students was used as the measure of educational achievement. Application ofZ-information modeling allows us to increase precision and reliability of data processing results in the presence of uncertainty of input data created from completed questionnaires. The basic steps ofZ-number based modeling with numerical solutions are presented.
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Peltola, O., A. Hensen, C. Helfter, et al. "Evaluating the performance of commonly used gas analysers for methane eddy covariance flux measurements: the InGOS inter-comparison field experiment." Biogeosciences 11, no. 12 (2014): 3163–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-3163-2014.
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Abstract. The performance of eight fast-response methane (CH4) gas analysers suitable for eddy covariance flux measurements were tested at a grassland site near the Cabauw tall tower (Netherlands) during June 2012. The instruments were positioned close to each other in order to minimise the effect of varying turbulent conditions. The moderate CH4 fluxes observed at the location, of the order of 25 nmol m−2 s−1, provided a suitable signal for testing the instruments' performance. Generally, all analysers tested were able to quantify the concentration fluctuations at the frequency range relevant for turbulent exchange and were able to deliver high-quality data. The tested cavity ringdown spectrometer (CRDS) instruments from Picarro, models G2311-f and G1301-f, were superior to other CH4 analysers with respect to instrumental noise. As an open-path instrument susceptible to the effects of rain, the LI-COR LI-7700 achieved lower data coverage and also required larger density corrections; however, the system is especially useful for remote sites that are restricted in power availability. In this study the open-path LI-7700 results were compromised due to a data acquisition problem in our data-logging setup. Some of the older closed-path analysers tested do not measure H2O concentrations alongside CH4 (i.e. FMA1 and DLT-100 by Los Gatos Research) and this complicates data processing since the required corrections for dilution and spectroscopic interactions have to be based on external information. To overcome this issue, we used H2O mole fractions measured by other gas analysers, adjusted them with different methods and then applied them to correct the CH4 fluxes. Following this procedure we estimated a bias of the order of 0.1 g (CH4) m−2 (8% of the measured mean flux) in the processed and corrected CH4 fluxes on a monthly scale due to missing H2O concentration measurements. Finally, cumulative CH4 fluxes over 14 days from three closed-path gas analysers, G2311-f (Picarro Inc.), FGGA (Los Gatos Research) and FMA2 (Los Gatos Research), which were measuring H2O concentrations in addition to CH4, agreed within 3% (355–367 mg (CH4) m−2) and were not clearly different from each other, whereas the other instruments derived total fluxes which showed small but distinct differences (±10%, 330–399 mg (CH4) m−2).
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Peltola, O., A. Hensen, C. Helfter, et al. "Evaluating the performance of commonly used gas analysers for methane eddy covariance flux measurements: the InGOS inter-comparison field experiment." Biogeosciences Discussions 11, no. 1 (2014): 797–852. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-11-797-2014.
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Abstract. The performance of eight fast-response methane (CH4) gas analysers suitable for eddy covariance flux measurements were tested at a grassland site near the Cabauw tall tower (Netherlands) during June 2012. The instruments were positioned close to each other in order to minimize the effect of varying turbulent conditions. The moderate CH4 fluxes observed at the location, of the order of 25 nmol m−2 s−1, provided a suitable signal for testing the instruments' performance. Generally, all analysers tested were able to quantify the concentration fluctuations at the frequency range relevant for turbulent exchange and were able to deliver high-quality data. The tested cavity ring-down spectrometer (CRDS) instruments from Picarro, models G2311-f and G1301-f, were superior to other CH4 analysers with respect to instrumental noise. As an open-path instrument susceptible to the effects of rain, the LI-COR LI-7700 achieved lower data coverage and also required larger density corrections; however, the system is especially useful for remote sites that are restricted in power availability. In this study the open-path LI-7700 results were compromised due to a data acquisition problem in our data-logging setup. Some of the older closed-path analysers tested do not measure H2O vapour concentrations alongside CH4 (i.e. FMA1 and DLT-100 by Los Gatos Research) and this complicates data processing since the required corrections for dilution and spectroscopic interactions have to be based on external information. To overcome this issue, we used H2O mole fractions measured by other gas analysers, adjusted them with different methods and then applied them to correct the CH4 fluxes. Following this procedure we estimated a bias on the order of 0.1 g (CH4) m−2 (8% of the measured mean flux) in the processed and corrected CH4 fluxes on a monthly scale due to missing H2O concentration measurements. Finally, cumulative CH4 fluxes over 14 days from three closed-path gas analysers, G2311-f (Picarro Inc.), FGGA (Los Gatos Research) and FMA2 (Los Gatos Research), which were measuring H2O vapour concentrations in addition to CH4, agreed within 3% (355–367 mg (CH4) m−2) and were not clearly different from each other, whereas the other instruments derived total fluxes which showed small but distinct differences (±10%, 330–399 mg (CH4) m−2).
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Tan, Ying Ying, and You Ming Chen. "LabVIEW Application for Data Acquisition System of Ejector Refrigerator." Advanced Materials Research 374-377 (October 2011): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.374-377.456.
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In order to analyze the performance of ejector refrigerator, it is necessary to collect the operation parameters of the system. In this paper, the development of data acquisition(DAQ) system for ejector refrigerator is described. It is based on the technique of visual instrument and the characteristic of ejector refrigerator, using National Instrument’s product LabVIEW. The proposed DAQ system consists of a set of sensors for measuring operating parameters of ejector refrigerator. The collected data are first conditioned using Agilent 34970 data acquisition switch unit and then interfaced to a PC using RS232. The LabVIEW program is used to further process, display and store the collected data in the PC disk. It can realize the real-time data acquisition of temperature, water flow rate and pressure as well as data transmission, processing, and display, in addition to providing users with historic data inquire. The proposed software architecture permits the rapid system development and has the advantage of flexibility and it can be easily altered for application in other refrigeration systems.
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Liu, Yang Kuan, Tao Cai, and Shi Guang Ju. "Screw Inspection Optimized System Design and Implementation." Advanced Materials Research 217-218 (March 2011): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.217-218.196.
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In machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, screw is an important part. Not only as a precision screw precision transmission components, but also commonly used for precision measuring devices. Precision screw itself directly affects the accuracy of precision machine tools and precision measuring instruments for transmission, positioning precision and accuracy, and thus the processing and inspection of precision screw is higher demanded. Traditionally, screw inspection is usually done by manual and the quality of inspection is not high, with very low inspection efficiency. To solve these problems, optimized system for screw inspection was designed and implemented. Using the Quartile range method in Statistics to remove outliers, and with the help of kalman filter, systemic error is got rid of. With these methods, raw measurement data is analyzed and processed, and inspection report is generated. The efficiency of screw inspection is highly improved.
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Driemel, Amelie, Eberhard Fahrbach, Gerd Rohardt, et al. "From pole to pole: 33 years of physical oceanography onboard R/V <i>Polarstern</i>." Earth System Science Data 9, no. 1 (2017): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/essd-9-211-2017.
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Abstract. Measuring temperature and salinity profiles in the world's oceans is crucial to understanding ocean dynamics and its influence on the heat budget, the water cycle, the marine environment and on our climate. Since 1983 the German research vessel and icebreaker Polarstern has been the platform of numerous CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth instrument) deployments in the Arctic and the Antarctic. We report on a unique data collection spanning 33 years of polar CTD data. In total 131 data sets (1 data set per cruise leg) containing data from 10 063 CTD casts are now freely available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.860066. During this long period five CTD types with different characteristics and accuracies have been used. Therefore the instruments and processing procedures (sensor calibration, data validation, etc.) are described in detail. This compilation is special not only with regard to the quantity but also the quality of the data – the latter indicated for each data set using defined quality codes. The complete data collection includes a number of repeated sections for which the quality code can be used to investigate and evaluate long-term changes. Beginning with 2010, the salinity measurements presented here are of the highest quality possible in this field owing to the introduction of the OPTIMARE Precision Salinometer.
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Tailor, Mitul, Jon Petzing, and Michael Jackson. "An Intelligent and Confident System for Automatic Surface Defect Quantification in 3D." Key Engineering Materials 649 (June 2015): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.649.46.
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Automatic surface defect inspection within mass production of high-precision components is growing in demand and requires better measurement and automated analysis systems. Many manufacturing industries may reject manufactured parts that exhibit even minor defects, because a defect might result in an operational failure at a later stage. Defect quantification (depth, area and volume) is a key element in quality assurance in order to determine the pass or failure criterion of manufactured parts. Existing human visual analysis of surface defects is qualitative and subjective to varying interpretation. Non-contact and three dimensional (3D) analyses should provide a robust and systematic quantitative approach for defect analysis. Various 3D measuring instruments generate point cloud data as an output, although they work on different physical principles. Instrument’s native software processing of point cloud data is often subject to issues of repeatability and may be non-traceable causing significant concern with data confidence.This work reports the development of novel traceable surface defect artefacts produced using the Rockwell hardness test equipment on flat metal plate, and the development of a novel, traceable, repeatable, mathematical solution for automatic defect detection and quantification in 3D. Moreover, in order to build-up the confidence in automatic defect analysis system and generated data, mathematical simulated defect artefacts (soft-artefact) have been created. This is then extended to a surface defect on a piston crown that is measured and quantified using a parallel optical coherence tomography instrument integrated with 6 axis robot. The results show that surface defect quantification using implemented solution is efficient, robust and more repeatable than current alternative approaches.
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Julin, Arttu, Matti Kurkela, Toni Rantanen, et al. "Evaluating the Quality of TLS Point Cloud Colorization." Remote Sensing 12, no. 17 (2020): 2748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12172748.
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Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) enables the efficient production of high-density colored 3D point clouds of real-world environments. An increasing number of applications from visual and automated interpretation to photorealistic 3D visualizations and experiences rely on accurate and reliable color information. However, insufficient attention has been put into evaluating the colorization quality of the 3D point clouds produced applying TLS. We have developed a method for the evaluation of the point cloud colorization quality of TLS systems with integrated imaging sensors. Our method assesses the capability of several tested systems to reproduce colors and details of a scene by measuring objective image quality metrics from 2D images that were rendered from 3D scanned test charts. The results suggest that the detected problems related to color reproduction (i.e., measured differences in color, white balance, and exposure) could be mitigated in data processing while the issues related to detail reproduction (i.e., measured sharpness and noise) are less in the control of a scanner user. Despite being commendable 3D measuring instruments, improving the colorization tools and workflows, and automated image processing pipelines would potentially increase not only the quality and production efficiency but also the applicability of colored 3D point clouds.
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Dindorf, Ryszard, and Piotr Wos. "Universal Programmable Portable Measurement Device for Diagnostics and Monitoring of Industrial Fluid Power Systems." Sensors 21, no. 10 (2021): 3440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103440.
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This paper presents a new universal programmable portable measuring device (PMD) as a complete, accurate, and efficient solution for monitoring and technical diagnostics of industrial fluid power systems. PMD has programmable functions designed for recording, processing, and graphical visualization of measurement results at the test stand or the place of operation of fluid power systems. PMD has a built-in WiFi communication module for transferring measurement data via Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) technology for online remote monitoring of fluid power systems. PMD can be programmed for a variety of measuring tasks in servicing, repairing, diagnosing, and monitoring fluid power systems. For this purpose, the fluid dynamic quantity, mechanical quantity, and electrical quantity can be measured. The adjustment of the PMD to the indirect measurement of leakage flow rate in a compressed air system (CAS) is presented in detail. Measuring instruments and PMDs were connected to a branch of the pipeline. The tests used the measurement system to estimate the leakage flow rate through air small nozzles, as well as other CAS indicators.
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Kharisma, Mila, Iwan Sugriwan, and Ade Agung Harnawan. "Pembuatan Alat Ukur Multi Kanal Kelembaban Tanah Berbasis Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno." Jurnal Fisika FLUX 1, no. 1 (2019): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/flux.v1i1.6153.
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Soil moisture very important to be measured per unit of time, especially in peat soils that have high porosity value. The measuring device for detection of soil moisture is realized on this research. The soil moisture measuring instrument is built by three main blocks of an instrument, that are four soil moisture sensors YL-69s, Arduino Uno as measurement processing unit that equipped with sd card as data storage unit and 20x4 character LCD as a display unit of the measurement result. The span value of the measuring device ranges from 0% to 95 % with deviation from 0% to 4.88%.The advantages of the measurement instrument system are simple in the operational process, real-time monitoring and stored automatically.
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Smirnov, M. T. "Analysis of measuring capabilities and empirical model of instrumental distortions of ZOND-PP satellite microwave L-band radiometric instrument for calibration and data processing." Sovremennye problemy distantsionnogo zondirovaniya Zemli iz kosmosa 13, no. 6 (2016): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21046/2070-7401-2016-13-6-273-285.
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