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1

Zhao, Tao, Shijie Zhang, Jiajun Yang, Haofan Lin, Bowen Wang, and Zhi Yang. "Enhancing the monitoring capability of acoustic measurement points: An optimization method for the layout of acoustic measurement points for low‐frequency transformers." IET Science, Measurement & Technology 19, no. 1 (2024): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1049/smt2.12230.

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AbstractThe acoustic signals in the operation of low‐frequency transformer have the state information of the body, which can be monitored online by arranging acoustic measuring points. An optimization method for the layout of acoustic measuring points for low‐frequency transformers is proposed in this study. First, a model of the low‐frequency transformer acoustic field is constructed by measuring the environmental size of the transformer acoustic field. Then, the virtual acoustic source measured by the transformer acoustic signal is input into the model, and the time‐varying acoustic pressure
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2

Rajashekar, K., MD Prajwal, HE Raghavendra, P. Sahana, and Kunabevu Shivakumar. "Transformer Healthiness Monitoring System." Journal of Scholastic Engineering Science and Management (JSESM), A Peer Reviewed Refereed Multidisciplinary Research Journal 4, no. 1 (2025): 137–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14832388.

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Here this document presents design and implementation of a mobile embedded system to measure load currents, overvoltage,  transformer oil level and oil temperature. This is implemented by using an on-line measuring system using Internet of Things (IOT),  with a single chip Arduino microcontroller and sensors. It is installed at the distribution transformers i.e. The output values of sensors  are processed and recorded in the system memory. System programmed with some predefined instructions to check abnormal  conditions. If there is any abnormality on the system, details ar
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3

Lu, Yong Jun, and Yi Bo Lu. "Research and Implement of Measuring the Errors of Transformers with Actual-Burden Using Programmable Digital Synthesizing Three-Phase Power Supply." Applied Mechanics and Materials 128-129 (October 2011): 970–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.128-129.970.

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Monitoring the actual state of transformer is imperative for measuring the errors of transformer with its actual burden load. The simplified three phases testing method is the practical and effective in monitoring the transformer state. And a programmable three-phase power supply is its core. The three-phase programmable power supply using DDS synthesizer can change the phase angle through changing triggering time of frequency update and adjusts amplitude through multiplier. It can generate three-phase signal voltage whose amplitude and phase angle can be adjusted by program. So it is suitable
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Orešković, Ana, Zdenko Godec, Miroslav Poljak, and Rajko Gardijan. "ON-SITE ACCURACY COMPARISON OF CAPACITOR AND INDUCTIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS." Journal of Energy - Energija 61, no. 1-4 (2022): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2012611-4236.

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In this paper an on-site accuracy comparison of capacitor and inductive voltage transformers is presented. A 400/110 kV transformer substation in Croatia has been chosen as an appropriate location for the comparison as both types of transformers (capacitor and inductive) operate there simultaneously. Each transformer type is a part of one of the two existing measuring chains for measurement of electrical energy. Their accuracy comparison is, therefore, carried out indirectly, by actually comparing the energies measured by the first and the second measuring chain and then estimating the measure
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5

Joshi, Prof S. B. "Transformer Health Monitoring using IoT Based." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 7594–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53508.

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Abstract: Transformers are critical components of electric powersystems, yet precise fault identification remains difficult. The study presents a novel transformer defect diagnostic approach based on an Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring system and ensemble machine learning (EML). The IoT based monitoring system is divided into two parts: a data measuring subsystemand a data reception subsystem.To begin, the data measuring subsystem measures transformer vibration signals, which are then relayed to the remote server via the data receipt subsystem.
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6

Shofiyuddin, Muhammad, and Arief Wisaksono. "Testing of The Insulation Resistance and Turns Test Ratio (TTR) of The Distribution Transformers at PT PLN (Pesero) UP3 Sidoarjo." Procedia of Engineering and Life Science 7 (March 14, 2024): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/pels.v7i0.1478.

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Electricity plays a vital role in human life and the economic growth of Indonesia. Therefore, a reliable electrical transmission and distribution system is essential. Transformers, especially in an industrial context, play a key role in power supply. Transformer maintenance is a critical step in maintaining a stable flow of electricity. This study adopts the Research and Development (R&D) method and focuses on measuring insulation resistance and voltage ratios in the context of transformer maintenance. The research was conducted at the Pole Transformer Substation (GTT) in P. Melati, Sidoar
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7

Rajko Gardijan and Alen Keller. "TRANSFORMER BUSHING – A PART OF MEASUREMENT SYSTEM." Journal of Energy - Energija 61, no. 1-4 (2022): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2012611-4247.

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Power transformer is one of the most important and most expensive components in the electric power system (EPS) and requires, from its production and throughout lifetime, continuous monitoring and checks of the availability in the power system. All the measurements and tests on the transformer which manufacturers attempt, in order to determine the quality of their products, are carried out through the connection of different types of bushings, and these measurements and tests are conducted in accordance with requirements of applicable standards. Also, the owner of the transformer during the ex
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8

Musthofa, Musthofa, and Ujang Nur Rahman. "Sistem Monitoring Beban Trafo Distribusi Secara Visual Dan Sms Gateway di PT PLN (Persero)." Energi & Kelistrikan 13, no. 1 (2021): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33322/energi.v13i1.1286.

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Economic growth of the community encourages the increasing electricity demand. To meet the electricity demand, of course, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the distribution transformer with the addition of an insert transformer and a new transformer. So that the increasing number of installed transformers is not proportional to the number of officers measuring the transformer load. The problem is the number of transformers is 3,938 units at PLN UP3 Padang with only 70 teams of load measuring officers, so load measurement only reaches 68% in 2019. This is because load measurements are
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9

Xu, Honghua, Yong Li, Lei Zhu, and Ziqiang Xu. "Condition assessment of transformers in wind farm based on modified one-dim residual neural network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2378, no. 1 (2022): 012078. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2378/1/012078.

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Abstract The working environment of transformers in the wind farm is more complex than others, which brings the difference in condition assessment. Moreover, many condition assessment methods based on characteristics or machine learning have difficulty in recognition in cases of multiple transformers, conditions and measuring points. To assess conditions, this paper establishes a condition classification model of the transformer with a modified one-dim residual neural network and uses vibration signal, current and voltage as inputs. The built network mode has faster convergence speed and class
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10

Kaczmarek, Michał, and Dariusz Brodecki. "Transformation of Transient Overvoltages by Inductive Voltage Transformers." Sensors 21, no. 12 (2021): 4167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21124167.

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Overvoltage transients occur after any type of switching activity in a power network, such as breaker operation, fault occurrence/clearance and rapid load change. This distortion of voltage is transformed to the secondary circuit of a voltage transformer. The maximum values of such impulses may many times exceed the rated value of its secondary voltage. This can lead to malfunction of measuring or protection devices connected to the secondary circuit of a voltage transformer and even their damage. The paper presents the application of determined values of ratio error at harmonics of the induct
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11

Wang, Yanxia, and Xingcang Zhai. "Comparison and Analysis of Electronic Voltage Transformer Based on Voltage Detection." Electronics Science Technology and Application 2 (December 4, 2015): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/esta.v2i1.10.

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The electronic voltage Transformer (EVT) constitutes key equipment in the intelligent substation; during the half-a-century development, numerous categories have emerged. By analysis and comparison of the working mechanisms and features of various electronic voltage transformers, we have concluded the strengths and defects in various mechanisms and impact factors on the features of voltage transformer and raised specific measures to reduce the impact and problems found in the design. The findings have revealed that ECVT is the mainstream product in the electronic voltage transformer market but
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12

Isakov, Abdusaid, Abdugani Raxmatov, Dilshod Ochilov, and Gulchera Shadmanova. "Increasing reliability of power supply to electricity consumers." E3S Web of Conferences 413 (2023): 05011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341305011.

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The article deals with the issues of increasing the reliability of power transformers used in power supply systems for agriculture and water management. Also, the degree of damage to power transformers was studied in terms of the physical and chemical composition of transformer oil, materials were given for assessing the state of insulation by the degree of damage to the insulation of individual units of the power transformer. By measuring the temperature of the most heated part and the chemical composition of the transformer oil, it is possible to determine the degree of wear of the insulatio
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13

Cui, Hong. "Faults Diagnosis of Converter Transformer Based on the Vibration Method." Advanced Materials Research 712-715 (June 2013): 2101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.712-715.2101.

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The vibration of windings and iron core causes the overall vibration of the transformer. Significant changes of transformer vibration condition will take place when the windings or core has fault, so the vibration method can be used to diagnose the transformer's potential fault. The characteristics and transmission route of the transformers' vibration were analyzed. The vibration of a certain transformer in converter station was picked up, using vibration measuring system. The test results aree analyzed comparatively and maintenance suggestion was proposed.
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14

Sun, Zhiqing, Yi Xuan, ZikaiCao, et al. "Transformer parameter estimation in distribution network based on deformable transformer." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2758, no. 1 (2024): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2758/1/012006.

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Abstract With the large number of distributed power sources and the dynamic change of load, the abnormal parameters of distribution transformers become more and more complicated. So it is particularly important to estimate their parameters accurately. For a low voltage distribution network with a limited number of measuring equipment, a Transformer parameter estimation method based on a Deformable Transformer is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a Transformer parameter estimation model based on a Deformable Transformer network is established by using historical measurement data. Then, a quality
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15

Murade, Prof G. B. "IOT Based Transformer Monitoring and Controlling." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 6940–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53347.

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Abstract: Transformers are critical components of electric powersystems, yet precise fault identificationremains difficult. The study presents a novel transformer defect diagnostic approach based on an Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring sysem and ensemble machine learning (EML). The IoTbased monitoring system is divided into two parts: data measuring subsystemand a data reception subsystem. To begin, the data measuring subsystem measures transformer vibration signals, which are then relayed to the remote server via the data receipt subsystem. Then an EML is proposed that is made up of deep be
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16

Lesniewska, Elzbieta, Michal Kaczmarek, and Ernest Stano. "3D Electromagnetic Field Analysis Applied to Evaluate the Accuracy of a Voltage Transformer under Distorted Voltage." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010136.

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Voltage transformers (VTs) are an important element of the measuring system that allows measuring the energy flow in medium and high voltage networks. Additional problems with the accuracy of the measurement introduced by the appearance of sources and nonlinear receivers cause deformation of the voltage shape in the energy system. Due to the high metrological requirements, the design of voltage transformers requires high accuracy (for class 0.2 ΔU ≤ 0.2, phase displacement ≤10 min), which is not possible with the use of analytical methods using approximate models. Therefore, only the applicati
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17

Velychko, Oleh, Valeriy Kikalo, Yurii Anokhin, and Tetyana Gordiyenko. "Main results of supplementary comparisons of high voltage and current measuring systems." Ukrainian Metrological Journal, no. 2 (July 5, 2023): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24027/2306-7039.2.2023.286710.

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High voltages of alternative current (AC) are important because they are needed for numerous applications in physics and engineering. High AC voltages are also used to test insulating materials for their dielectric properties. Calibrations of instruments for high-voltage measurements should provide metrological traceability to national standards. This applies to the requirements for both voltage measuring instruments and current measuring instruments. The transformer for high-voltage measurements is used to reduce the values of currents and voltages during measurements in high-voltage electric
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18

Kalinchik, Vasilij, Vitaliy Pobigaylo, Vitaliy Kalinchyk, and Daniil Filjanin. "Use of statistical analysis methods in processing population survey data." Bulletin of NTU "KhPI". Series: Problems of Electrical Machines and Apparatus Perfection. The Theory and Practice, no. 1 (5) (May 28, 2021): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2079-3944.2021.1.11.

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The article analyzes the structures of the measuring channels of electricity metering systems. It is shown that such a structure is determined by the types of measuring instruments used and the scheme of their connection, in particular, by the types of electricity meters installed at the metering points. Moreover, the counters can have a pulse or interface information output. It is shown that the path for measuring and metering electricity includes a measuring circuit consisting of measuring current and voltage transformers, an electricity meter, communication lines, a metering device and a da
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19

Piskunov, Sergey, Alexey Mokeev, and Dmitry Ulyanov. "Transformer protection, automation and monitoring systems." E3S Web of Conferences 584 (2024): 01032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458401032.

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This paper presents the results of research on improving the protection, automation and monitoring systems of power transformers (PT) in 6-35 kV distribution networks. The authors have developed improved algorithms for differential and distance protection of a transformer based on measuring voltage and current synchrophasors, proposed additional criteria for blocking protection in the event of a magnetization inrush current (MIC), and considered the functions of the transformer monitoring and automation system based on synchrophasor technology.
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20

Vinogradov, A. V., A. V. Vinogradova, V. E. Bolshev, M. O. Ward, N. V. Makhiyanova, and L. V. Dolomaniuk. "Justification for creating a mobile complex to assess electric energy loss in power transformers during the operation process." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912402009.

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The paper analyzes the statistical data on the transformers of the Kromsky branch of Oreloblenergo OJSC including the average lifetime of the transformers and no-load losses measured in accordance with the requirements of Russian standard GOST 3484.1. The analysis indicates that the declared passport data differ from the measured data. There is also the analysis of technical solutions to improve the power transformer design including to development of new types of electrical steel used in transformer cores, superconducting materials for winding. The article gives an understanding of the advant
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21

Puzovic, Slavisa, Branko Koprivica, Alenka Milovanovic, and Milic Djekic. "Analysis of measurement error in direct and transformer-operated measurement systems for electric energy and maximum power measurement." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 27, no. 3 (2014): 389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee1403389p.

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Analysis of error in measuring electric energy and maximum power within direct and half-indirect measurement system at the voltage of 0.4kV is presented in the paper. The analysis involved all the elements of the measurement system, i.e. calibration and testing of the transformer-operated and direct digital energy meters and measuring current transformers. This equipment was also used for measurements in the transformer substation aiming at error analysis at measurements made under the real conditions. The results obtained show significant negative measurement error introduced by the energy me
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22

Yusupov, D. T., I. K. Ismoilov, A. E. Norboev, R. X. Beytullaeva, and A. A. Yuldashev. "Development of a simulation model for assessing the technical condition of oil power transformers by measuring vibroacoustic parameters." E3S Web of Conferences 510 (2024): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202451004014.

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In the electric power industry, oil-type power transformers are considered the main device that ensures reliable transmission of electric power, and their technical capabilities are analyzed. Factors affecting long-term reliable operation of oil-fired power transformers are investigated. In this paper, a simulation model is developed to assess the condition of oil power transformers during rapid diagnosis. A mathematical model has also been developed that allows calculating the absorption coefficients and the general technical condition of oil power transformers depending on the value of the i
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23

Likhachev, V. G., V. M. Baikov, and O. I. Bul'ennaya. "Modular transformer voltage dividers in measuring equipment." Measurement Techniques 32, no. 1 (1989): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00863647.

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24

Litvinov, Sergey N., Vladimir D. Lebedev, Nikolay N. Smirnov, Vladimir V. Tyutikov, and Ilkhom B. Makhsumov. "Physical simulation of heat exchange between 6(10) kV voltage instrument transformer and its environment with natural convection and insolation." MATEC Web of Conferences 194 (2018): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819401035.

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This study examines the results of thermal tests on a 6(10) kV digital combined current and voltage transformer conducted in an environmental chamber. This measuring instrument consists of current and voltage transformers, featuring a resistive divider, and is used for commercial and technical electric power accounting. Ambient temperatures and levels of insolation on the transformer surface were set for the environmental chamber, with simulation of voltage transformer functioning in normal and emergency modes. We determined the time needed for the thermodynamic system to move to steady heat e
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25

Lv, Jinzhuang, Mingchun Hou, Zhicheng Pan, et al. "Measurement Method of Deeply Saturated Excitation Characteristics of Converter Transformer Under AC-DC Hybrid Excitation." Electronics 13, no. 23 (2024): 4691. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13234691.

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During operation, converter transformers enter a saturation state, leading to phenomena such as magnetising inrush currents. Accurately measuring the excitation characteristic curve of an iron core under deep-saturation conditions is essential for analysing low-frequency transient phenomena in transformers. This paper presents a method for calculating the excitation characteristics of a converter transformer under deep iron core saturation. The method involves establishing an improved T model for the converter transformer and conducting open-circuit experiments in the linear working region to
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26

Amirov, Sultan, and Shavkat Mukhsimov. "INVESTIGATION OF THE CURRENT TRANSFORMER CONTROL SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC RANGE CONTROL." Technical Sciences 4, no. 1 (2021): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-9696-2021-1-1.

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The article examines the control system of a current transformer with automatic range control. All multi-limit current transformers allow measuring currents of different ranges with sufficient accuracy in the control systems of traction power supply devices. However, a common disadvantage for all of them is that if it is necessary to change the measurement range, the controlled current of the traction power supply device is disconnected from the power source, i.e. the production or technological process is forced to stop and dismantling and installation work is required. The proposed current t
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27

Litvinov, Sergey, Vladimir Lebedev, Nikolay Smirnov, Vladimir Tyutikov, and Sergey Shuvalov. "Thermal and aerodynamic tests of a digital combined current and voltage transformer." MATEC Web of Conferences 178 (2018): 09006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817809006.

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This study examines the results of thermal and aerodynamic tests of a digital combined current and voltage transformer conducted in an environmental chamber. This measuring instruments consist of current and voltage transformers, featuring a resistive divider, and are used for commercial and technical electric power accounting. Different ambient temperatures, airflow rates and levels of insolation were set for the environmental chamber, with simulation of transformer functioning in emergency modes. It was established that heat release at transformer outer surface with natural convection depend
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28

Fuhrmann, Ferdinand, Anna Maly, Martin Blass, Jakub Waikat, Fredi Belavic, and Franz Graf. "3D Acoustic Heat-Maps for Transformer Monitoring Applications." Journal of Energy - Energija 72, no. 4 (2024): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2023724508.

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 We present a novel approach for measuring and representing acoustic emissions of transformers. The representation of location-based acoustic emissions enables improved monitoring of transformers, e.g., to detect and predict anomalies and failure events. Here, we introduce 3D acoustic heatmaps to visualize the sound emission patterns of a transformer. We use a combined sensing approach consisting of a 3D point cloud, a microphone array, and beamforming algorithms to generate the distributed representation of acoustic emissions over the entire surface of the transformer. In
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29

Bolshanin, G. A., and E. G. Skulina. "USE OF TRANSFORMERS AS PAIRING DEVICES FOR MEASURING SYSTEMS." EurasianUnionScientists 1, no. 7(76) (2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.1.76.895.

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The execution of devices of interface of means of control of indicators of quality of electric energy with the electric power system in the form of measuring transformers of voltage and shunt of alternating current is shown. This is most preferable due to the lack of non-linearity in the working area of magnetic characteristics. A transformer substitution scheme is shown, as well as experiment execution schemes, as a result of which the necessary parameters are determined.
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30

Nasirov, T., and Kh Jabborov. "Microprocessor moisture measuring device of bulk materials based on the capacitance transformer with cylindrical electrodes." E3S Web of Conferences 386 (2023): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338603004.

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The construction of a moisture transformer device consisting of four electrodes that allow increasing accuracy of moisture measurements of grain and grain products up to 0.5% has been proposed. The proposed device in the laboratory conditions has been tested in comparison to other known transformer types. The carried-out analysis of the experimental results showed that in all used transformers we observe the disperse growing of grain degrees when rain moisture is increasing. The results obtained for moisture less than 11 % are similar practically to each other. When the moisture is growing thi
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31

Petrescu, L., E. Cazacu, V. Ioniţă, and Maria-Cătălina Petrescu. "An Experimental Device for Measuring the Single-Phase Transformers Inrush Current." Scientific Bulletin of Electrical Engineering Faculty 19, no. 1 (2019): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sbeef-2019-0004.

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AbstractElectrical transformers are essential parts of power supply networks and it is important that their life-time to be preserved. The inrush current of this devices could determine malfunctioning of the transformers or even others component of the network. For this reason, determining the inrush current for single-phase transformers is an important issue in power quality analysis of electrical grids. In this paper we presented an experimental device (hardware set-up and software program) that can measure this in rush current features for small transformers (up to 10 kVA). Also, the device
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32

Andreev, M.V., Yu.S. Borovikov, A.S. Gusev, et al. "Impact of Measuring Part Elements of Transformer Differential Protection on Input Signal Processing." Problemele Energeticii Regionale 3(34) (August 15, 2017): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1188814.

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The electric power system (EPS) is a large, multi-parameter, non-linear and dynamic system. The problem of calculation of relay protection (RP) settings has become more urgent nowadays. The situation is exacerbated by the active implementation of renewable energy sources, FACTS, etc., which significantly change the “traditional” EPS and their operating modes. The problem can be solved by deep analysis of functioning of main elements of RP devices in the specific operating conditions and revision of coefficients used in settings calculation. That can be done using RPs detailed mathe
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Kaczmarek, Michal, Piotr Kaczmarek, and Ernest Stano. "The Reference Wideband Inductive Current Transformer." Energies 16, no. 21 (2023): 7307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16217307.

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The aim of this paper is to show that the developed inductive current transformer may ensure the required wideband transformation accuracy and it may be applied, as the reference source, in the measuring system for the evaluation of the transformation accuracy of inductive current transformers for harmonics of distorted current. This device ensures 5 A and 1 A RMS secondary currents to provide the opportunity to use the differential measuring setup. Such solutions are characterized by the significantly reduced measurement uncertainty in relation to the comparative measurements made between two
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34

Harrij Mukti K., Rachmat Sutjipto, and Vidiasih. "Efektivitas Mutasi Transformator Dalam Mengatasi Fluktuasi Beban Pada Trafo Distribusi ULP Bululawang." Elposys: Jurnal Sistem Kelistrikan 11, no. 2 (2024): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/elposys.v11i2.5187.

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Transformer is a very important component in the distribution of electricity from the distribution substation to consumers. Overloading and underloading of transformers can lead to significant inefficiencies and increased losses in the electrical distribution system. Based on data measurement of the ULP Bululawang transformer in 2022, it was found that the C0177 transformer (100 KVA) was overloaded (88.4%) and the C0254 transformer (160 KVA) was underloaded (21.4%). Load forecasting for 2027 predicts that the C0177 transformer load will reach 107%, causing overheating, while the C0254 transfor
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35

Hraniak, Valerii, and Ivan Voznitskyi. "DIELKOMETRICAL TRANSFORMER OIL HUMIDITY SENSOR." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 2(121) (August 25, 2023): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2023-2-16.

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It is known that water is part of the vast majority of organic and inorganic materials. Materials formed in natural conditions or obtained in the production process, as a rule, contain a certain amount of water in their composition, the mass fraction of which depends both on the ability of the material to absorb (sorb) or retain on the surface (adsorb) water, and on the conditions, in which this phenomenon takes place. Moisture content significantly affects the physical and electrical properties of non-metallic materials, including transformer oil. In particular, the increase in moisture conte
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36

Lesniewska, Elzbieta, and Jan Olak. "Analysis of the Operation of Cascade Current Transformers for Measurements of Short-Circuit Currents with a Non-Periodic Component with a Large Time Constant of Its Decay." Energies 15, no. 8 (2022): 2925. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082925.

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Simulations of emergency states and tests of resistance of electrical devices to emergencies are performed in specialized high-power laboratories, the so-called short-circuit laboratories. For most electrical power devices, such measurements are required by international standards. The basic equipment of short-circuit testing laboratories consists of current transformers for measuring short-circuit currents. These transformers should not only enable the accurate conversion of sinusoidal currents—which is typical for conventional current transformers, but also asymmetrical short-circuit current
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37

Zheng, Jianhan, Shengqing Gui, and Haomin Zhang. "Transformer Vibration Analysis Based on Double Branch Convolutional Neural Network." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2503, no. 1 (2023): 012092. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2503/1/012092.

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Abstract The power transformer is one of the important pieces of equipment in the power grid system, and its normal operation is related to the safety and reliability of the whole power system. There are many factors influencing transformer vibration in operation, and its characteristics are complex, so it is difficult to be directly used for transformer state analysis. This paper proposes a method for vibration signal analysis based on a continuous wavelet time-frequency graph. The segmented samples of transformer vibration signals are selected by the time-domain sample segmentation method, a
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Lesniewska, Elzbieta. "Influence of the Selection of the Core Shape and Winding Arrangement on the Accuracy of Current Transformers with Through-Going Primary Cable." Energies 14, no. 7 (2021): 1932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071932.

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The current transformers with split-core are used for installation in places where it is impossible to install classic current transformers. Moreover, this design allows for any measurement location change, and even switching one current transformer into several different shapes of bars or cables. Power network operators, striving for more accurate current measurements, require producers to provide current transformers with a special accuracy class 0.2S. Therefore, manufacturers and designers try to meet the market requirements and, similarly to non-demountable current transformers, i.e., with
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Yondri, Surfa, Tri Artono, and Hengki Purnama Sari. "PENGARUH PENYEIMBANGAN BEBAN TRAFO DISTRIBUSI TERHADAP ARUS NETRAL." Elektron : Jurnal Ilmiah 5, no. 1 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/eji.5.1.37.

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Load balancing is load balancing activities in each phase distribution transformers are not balanced, the goal to reduce the magnitude of the neutral current transformer because inequality between phases. This activity was done by measuring each phase transformer load, calculate the average current in each phase, and shifted the burden of heavily loaded phase to phase which has a lot fewer burdens. Load balancing is done on a regular basis every 6 months. PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Bukittinggi perform load balancing on the distribution transformer substation 100 KVA Distribution Tabek Gadang Towe
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Youssef, Mohammed, El-Said Abdelaziz, Hassan Saad, and Mohammed Attia. "New approach for accurate discrimination and location of power transformers with different internal winding faults." PLOS ONE 19, no. 10 (2024): e0309926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0309926.

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Power transformers are essential elements in power systems and thus their protection schemes have critical importance. In this paper, a scheme is proposed for accurate discrimination and location of internal faults in power transformers using conventional measuring devices attached to the transformer. Different types of internal winding faults are intensely considered: partial discharge, inter-disk faults, series and shunt short circuit faults and axial displacement. Depending on the transformer measured output voltage, input voltage and the input current, the construction of a locus diagram (
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Et.al, Amirov Sultan Fayzullayevich. "Range Automatic Adjusted Current Transformer Primary Winning." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 3 (2021): 3142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i3.1551.

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The article discusses the issue of introducing a correction factor for protection and control devices, as the value of the secondary current in a certain range of the auto-adjustable current transformer does not correspond to the value of the secondary current in another range determined by the difference of magnetic driving forces generated by the components of the primary current. Alternatively, an algorithm has been developed to account for the measurement error in this condition in an automatic system that controls the operating mode of the current transformer. It was also found that the o
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Zhang, Fuqiang, Zerong Yang, Ting Li, Yue Jia, Dan Zhou, and Luyao Xie. "Research on the early warning method of transformer fire fault in ocean booster station based on fault tree model." E3S Web of Conferences 252 (2021): 02044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125202044.

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As the heart of the sea booster station, the transformer has an extremely important position. When the transformer has various faults, it is very easy to cause a fire accident, so the safe operation of the transformer is very important. First, use the fault tree analysis method to construct a transformer fire fault tree evaluation model for different types of fire fault events during the operation of the transformer, then through the calculation of the fire failure probability, the number of measuring points of the composite fire detector is obtained and the measuring points are reasonably arr
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Gan, Tuanjie, Lianghao Huang, and Haomin Zhang. "A Transformer Condition Identification Model under Crossing Measuring Points Sampling." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2503, no. 1 (2023): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2503/1/012071.

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Abstract Due to the difference in sampling data distribution among different measuring points, the common transformer condition identification method of vibration analysis combined with machine learning has decreased accuracy. This work proposes a non-deep transformer condition identification model based on domain adaptation to solve it. Firstly, multi-scale feature extraction of vibration data is fulfilled by variational mode decomposition and time-frequency analysis. Then, manifold embedding method is employed to adapt source and target domains, which are sampled from different measuring poi
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Kunicki, Michał, Andrzej Cichoń, and Sebastian Borucki. "Study on Descriptors of Acoustic Emission Signals Generated by Partial Discharges under Laboratory Conditions and in On-Site Electrical Power Transformer." Archives of Acoustics 41, no. 2 (2016): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2016-0026.

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Abstract An acoustic emission method (AE) is widespread and often applied for partial discharge (PD) diagnostics, mainly due to its ease of application as well as noninvasiveness and relatively high sensitivity. This paper presents comparative analysis of AE signals measurement results archived under laboratory conditions as well as on-site actual AE signals generated by inside PDs in electrical power transformer during its normal service. Three different PD model sources are applied for laboratory research: point to point, multipoint to plate and surface type. A typical measuring set up commo
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Novikov, V. K., and V. V. Moiseenko. "Automatic magnetic measuring set for testing transformer steel." Measurement Techniques 32, no. 6 (1989): 584–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00867910.

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Malinovskii, V. N., and V. V. Malinovskaya. "A power-frequency measuring-transformer current-voltage converter." Measurement Techniques 49, no. 5 (2006): 495–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11018-006-0136-2.

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Abdullateef, Ayodele Isqeel, Abdulkabir Olatunji Issa, Abdullah Sulaiman, Momoh-Jimoh Eyiomoka Salami, and Abdulrahaman Okino Otuoze. "Development Of A Cloud-Based Condition Monitoring Scheme For Distribution Transformer Protection." Computer Engineering and Applications Journal 12, no. 1 (2023): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18495/comengapp.v12i1.417.

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Distribution transformers are a necessity to ensure a reliable power supply to consumers and their inability to function properly or even breakdown should be avoided due to the high cost of replacing them. Distribution transformers are large in numbers and randomly distributed in cities and there is a need to accurately monitor their daily/hourly performance. To achieve this, real-time monitoring of the transformer’s health status is proposed rather than the use of the traditional approach involving physical inspection and testing which is slow, tedious and time-consuming. This paper presents
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Panova, Evgeniya A., Aleksandra V. Varganova, Mariya S. Panarina, and Tatiyana V. Khatushina. "Algorithm for Automated Selection and Verification of Instrument Current Transformers in the Electrical Substations CAD System." Electrotechnical Systems and Complexes, no. 2(43) (June 28, 2019): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/2311-8318-2019-2(43)-19-24.

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One of the most labor-intensive stages of the design of a substation is the selection and testing of electrical equipment. This is due to the need to perform large volumes of uniform calculations. Therefore, the urgent task is to develop computer-aided design systems that allow performing such calculations. This paper is devoted to the development of an algorithm for automated testing of measuring current transformers. The algorithm proposed by the authors makes it possible to automate the execution of calculations related to the verification of the working conditions of measuring transformers
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Malažinskas, Vilius, Renaldas Raišutis, Alfonsas Morkvėnas, et al. "EVALUATION OF THE INSULATION CONDITION OF HIGH-VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERS BY DETECTING PARTIAL DISCHARGES USING THE ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE RADIATION METHOD." Materiali in tehnologije 55, no. 2 (2021): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2020.175.

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High-voltage transformers are among the most important elements in an electric-power system. Each one of them is affected by various external factors: overvoltage, partial discharge (PD), overheating, vibrations, etc., which are created by a strong electric field, thermal effect, humidity, impurities, factory defects, dissolved water and gas in oil-type-transformer insulation. These and other factors, caused by the environment, reduce the life of a device. Thus, the evaluation of the device condition is one of the most important factors for a system-safety evaluation, which ensures a reliable
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Popov, I. P. "MAGNETIC FLUX SCATTERING IN TRANSFORMERS." Bulletin of the Tver State Technical University. Series «Building. Electrical engineering and chemical technology», no. 4 (2020): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46573/2658-7459-2020-4-81-88.

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Existing methods do not allow measuring leakage reactance for each transformer winding separately, therefore, for simplicity, they are often assumed to be equal to each other. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of experimental determination of leakage reactance for each transformer winding separately. The dissipation reactance of each transformer winding separately can be determined by at least three experimental methods that give satisfactory agreement of the results. An almost paradoxical result – the capacitive nature of the leakage resistance of the inner winding o
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