Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'MEC'
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Ribeiro, Dimas Betioli. "Análise da interação solo-estrutura via acoplamento MEC-MEF." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-31052005-121131/.
Full textThe main objective of this work is to study the soil structure interaction problem. For such, more resources in the numerical tool developed in Almeida (2003a) are introduced. The soil is simulated by the three-dimensional boundary element method (BEM), applying Kelvins fundamental solution. It is possible to analyze problems in which the soil is composed by layers of different physical characteristics, supported by a rigid and adhesive interface and reinforced by foundation elements, also simulated by the three-dimensional BEM. The three-dimensional superstructure is simulated using the finite element method (FEM), with shell and frame elements with six degrees of freedom by node. This model is different of the one used in Almeida (2003a). It is also introduced in the program the resource to consider blocks, simulated by the three-dimensional BEM and supported by the soil. These blocks can be used as foundation elements for the building, coupling the non-homogeneous soil-foundation-blocks-superstructure system as a whole. Some examples are analyzed, in order to validate the theory employed and demonstrate the necessity of considering the soil structure interaction in practical problems of engineering
Buffon, Lucas Pinheiro. "Formulações do método dos elementos de contorno para a análise mecânica de domínios planos não-homogêneos enrijecidos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-05032018-091807/.
Full textThe reinforced materials are commonly encountered in engineering applications, as in the construction of airplanes, vehicles, ships and general manufactures. In Civil Engineering, the reinforced concrete and the reinforced soil are examples of reinforced materials. The solution of this kind of problem can be found by the use of numerical methods as the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Boundary Element Method (BEM). Particularly, the BEM use in cases with high stress gradients, such as in fracture mechanics problems, is very advantageous. The BEM models infinite domains in a natural way, being largely used in analysis as soil-structure interaction and tunnel modelling. However, as in the BEM only the boundary is discretized, became necessary the use of a numerical coupling to consider the mechanical effect of the stiffeners. For the coupling many numerical methods can be used, in this study it was realized with the FEM and with the BEM in its unidimensional way (BEM 1D). In this context, the coupling BEM/BEM 1D stands out for its advantages, like the compatibility between the methods and the reduction of approximations. Therefore, the main objective of this study is the development and the comparison of numerical solutions for reinforced media problems, considering the framework of the bidimensional BEM problems. The coupling was implemented considering the stiffeners as truss elements, initially it was implemented in the most usual way, by modelling the stiffeners through the FEM. In the following, a new coupling formulation was proposed, in which the stiffeners are modelled through the BEM 1D method. The BEM 1D implementation was validated by comparing the results with analytical and numerical solutions, the last one obtained with the software FTOOL. Both coupling strategies were compared with the solution obtained by the software ANSYS. Four examples were evaluated, with two isotropic and two anisotropic domains. Different boundary conditions, supports and materials were applied, as many discretization and the approximation degree of the stiffeners were tested. The effects of changing the approximation degree in both coupling strategies keeping the degrees of freedom constant were analysed. The results obtained with the implemented algorithms were mechanically coherent, and they were similar to ANSYS results. For all examples, there is no significant computational costs differences between the two coupling strategies. However, the coupling with the BEM 1D leaded to more stable results and better approximations. It was observed that the MEF results were instable for many results, mainly in the quadratic approximations. When the approximation degree rises, the methods tend to converge to equivalent results, becoming very close in fourth degree approximation. Lastly, it was observed stress concentration in the stiffeners ends. In these regions, the discretization and the approximation degree have large influence to the numerical response.
Ferro, Newton Carlos Pereira. "Uma combinação MEC/MEF para análise de interação solo-estrutura." Universidade de São Paulo, 1999. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-08122017-102331/.
Full textIn the present work a combination of the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used for pile-soil interaction analyses, considering the soil as a homogeneous, three-dimensional and infinite medium. The three-dimensional infinite continuous medium is modeled by the BEM, and the piles are, considered as beam elements, modeled by the FEM. This combination also is used for studying the interaction of plates sitting on a continuous medium. The pile equations generated from the FEM are combined with the medium equations generated from the BEM, resulting a complete equation system. Manipulating properly this equation system, a set of stiffness coefficients for the system soil-pile is obtained. Finally, to make the model more comprehensive, it presented a formulation to take into account the soil nonlinear behavior at the pile interface.
Papadopoulou, Sophia-Sania. "Nikos et le Mec-Art." Paris 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA010501.
Full textReis, Luiz Antonio 1975. "Acoplamento MEC-MEF para análise de pórtico linear sobre base elástica." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258076.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T11:44:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reis_LuizAntonio_M.pdf: 3239468 bytes, checksum: 6e32be621db949f69c865def857a4bc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: O presente trabalho está divido em quatro partes. Na primeira parte, utilizando o método dos elementos de contorno (MEC), se fez a análise de problemas bidimensionais com aproximação linear. Foi considerada a possibilidade de se aplicar a técnica de sub-regiões para se levar em conta a diversidade de materiais, bem como a suavização do contorno por mínimos quadrados para evitar a possíveis perturbações. Foi considerado a possibilidade de colocação de uma linha de carga no domínio. Na segunda parte, utilizando o método dos elementos finitos (MEF), se fez a análise linear de pórticos planos. Para este estudo foram utilizadas barras com dois nós e esses com três graus de liberdade. Na terceira parte, a análise elástica linear de meios contínuos (Estado Plano de Tensão Generalizado) enrijecidos com elementos lineares (barras) é estudada fazendo-se um acoplamento entre elementos modelados com o MEC e com o MEF. As fibras são modeladas pelo MEF com elementos lineares de três graus de liberdade por nó e quatro nós por barra. Os elementos planos são modelados pelo MEC com elementos isoparamétricos lineares no perímetro. É permitido o uso de sub-regiões com objetivo de generalizar o tratamento do meio elástico. Na quarta parte, utilizando o acoplamento MEF/MEF, se fez a análise linear de pórticos planos sobre base elástica. O acoplamento se dá entre as barras do pórtico e as barras introduzidas como enriquecedor no problema elástico bidimensional. Tendo em conta estes aspectos da formulação desenvolvida, alguns exemplos são apresentados para avaliação de seu desempenho nos problemas de engenharia
Abstract: This paper is divided into four parts . In the first part , using the boundary element method (BEM) , we did the analysis of two-dimensional problems with linear approximation . We considered the possibility of applying the technique of sub - regions to take into account different materials, as well as smoothing the contour by least squares to avoid possible disturbances . We considered the possibility of placing a load line in the field. In the second part, the linear analysis for plane frames was carried out with the finite element method (FEM). Bars with two nodes and three degrees of freedom were used in this study . In the third part, the linear elastic analysis of continuous media (Generalized Plane Stress problems) stiffened with one-dimensional elements (bars) is studied through between elements of the BEM and the FEM. The fibers are modeled by FEM with three degrees of freedom linear elements and using four-nodes. The plane domain is modeled with the BEM and using isoparametric elements. The use of sub - regions in order to generalize the treatment of the elastic medium is allowed. In the fourth part , using the FEM / FEM coupling , a linear analysis of plane frames on elastic foundation is carried out. Some examples are presented to evaluate the formulation behavior engineering problems
Mestrado
Estruturas
Mestre em Engenharia Civil
Ramos, Ana Paula Ferreira. "Análise da interação estaca-solo-superestrutura com o acoplamento MEC-MEF." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-19112013-220957/.
Full textPiled raft foundations are structures consisting of piles, the raft and the soil. Unlike classical foundation design where the building load is either transferred by the raft or the piles alone, in a piled raft foundation the contribution of the piles as well as the raft is taken into account. The piles transfer a part of the building loads into the soil and thereby allow the reduction of settlement in a very economic way. The objective of the present work is the analysis of soil-structure interaction using BEM-FEM coupling. The soil, assumed to be an elastic linear homogeneous half space is governed by Navier\'s equation and it is modeled by the Boundary Elements Method (BEM) using Mindlin\'s fundamental solution. The piles are modeled by the Finite Element Method (FEM) with four nodes each. In addition, the piles can received horizontal and vertical forces and bending moments. The shear traction along the pile is approximated by a second-degree polynomial and the tractions in the horizontal direction are approximated by a fourth degree polynomial. The cap of the pile group is assumed to be rigid. The interaction between the raft and soil is made through the subgrade reaction. The soil-cap interface is divided into triangular elements and the subgrade reaction is assumed to vary linearly across each element. The building\'s structure is modeled by FEM. Several soil structure interaction examples are studied in this thesis, and they show that the solutions obtained from program SSI are in good agreement with others authors.
Almeida, Valério da Silva. "Análise da interação solo não-homogêneo/estrutura via acoplamento MEC/MEF." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-31032016-094320/.
Full textThe analysis of the soil-structure system interaction is a vast field of interest in the area of civil engineering. A realistic representation of its behaviour. Thus, in the present research, the soil is considered a non-homogeneous continuum supported by a rigid and adhesive interface and modelled by boundary element method via Kelvin solution in 3D space. The foundation is also modelled by this above-mentioned modelling technique. The raft foundation and the superstructure are represented by finite shell and 3D frame elements. In order to estimate the accuracy and the potentiality of the proposed numerical formulation, some examples are validated when compared to similar approaches, and others simulations are presented to stress the necessity of coupling the non-homogeneous soil-foundation-radier-superstructure system as a whole. Finally, to acquire numerical time efficiency, it is shown that it is imperative to apply parallel processing and sparse techniques for the solution of the final system.
Silva, Wagner Queiroz. "Análise não linear geométrica do acoplamento solo-estrutura através da combinação MEC-MEF." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-10032010-104324/.
Full textThis work presents an alternative coupling of the boundary element method (BEM) and the finite element method (FEM) to create a computer program for non linear geometric analysis of frames coupled to continuous domains, applied to soil-structure interaction. A linear elastic behavior is considered for the soil, modeled by BEM. An alternative formulation is adopted for the classic sub-region technique, allowing the consideration of multiple inclusions and load lines inside the soil domain. The BEM computational code is coupled to the AcadFrame software, based on positional FEM for non linear geometric analysis of frames, considering exact kinematics. The numerical coupling is made by an algebraic formulation where the soil stiffness matrix and contact forces are condensed and added to the structure matrix and internal forces for each iteration on Newton-Raphson process. On both programs it is adopted a generalization of the element degree assuming the Lagrange polynomials, which allows the use of curved high order elements. It was also implemented the least square method in order to obtains better and smoother results of surface forces in the contact interface. The obtained results are satisfactory and prove the formulation efficiency. The program allows the analysis of buildings supported by layered soils with multiples inclusions and load lines. It considers directly supported elements over the soil (footing foundations, radies) and internal elements in any direction, like vertical and diagonal piles. It can also consider piles going through different layers of the soil. This formulation can be applied to other elastic problems like coupling between mechanic pieces and composite material analysis.
Ramos, ��vila Alejandro, and Gonz��lez David Rub��n Torres. "Veh��culo Anfibio." Thesis, Universidad de las Am��ricas Puebla, 2012. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lim/ramos_a_a/.
Full textRocha, Fabio Carlos da. "Análise de domínios reforçados através da combinação MEC/MEF considerando modelos de aderência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-08022010-091447/.
Full textIn this work it is presented a coupling between the Boundary Element Method and the Finite Element Method for two-dimensional elastostatic analysis of reinforced bodies considering adherence. The Boundary Element is used to model the matrix while the reinforcement is modeled by the Finite Element. Due to the inherent singularities present in Boundary Element formulations the quadrature rules, used to develop the necessary integrals may present undesired errors. In this sense the behavior of this integration error is studied and a simple way to control it is proposed along the work. Regarding the coupling formulation a third degree polynomial is adopted to describe the displacements and rotations of the reinforcement, while a linear polynomial is used to describe the contact forces among the continuum and the reinforcement. Adherence (or sliding) models are presented and implemented in the computer code. A linear relation between relative displacement and transmitted force is adopted. From difference of approximation regarding contact forces and displacements a rectangular matrix arrises from the BEM/FEM coupling. The additional equations are eliminated by the use of a least square method based on the multiplication of transpose matrices. Examples are shown to demonstrate the good behavior of error control applied on gaussian quadratures regarding Boundary Element simulations for coupled or not situations, considering or not adherence models.
Oshima, Sergio Takeo. "Uma combinação MEC/MEF para análise da interação de estacas inclinadas e o solo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-12082016-124110/.
Full textThis work presents a hybrid formulation of BEM (Boundary Elements Method) and FEM (Finite Elements Method). In that formulation, the piles are modeled through FEM as bar elements and the soil through BEM, as an isotropic, homogeneous, semi-infinite and linear-elastic continuum, using the fundamental solutions of MINDLIN (1936). The systems of equations of the soil and of the piles for vertical elements are presented as a combination of both, originating a single final system of equations. Some modifications are accomplished for the system of inclinated piles. After the resolution of the final system, the displacements and the contact tensions between soil and pile are obtained. Numeric examples are obtained starting from the proposed formulation and to proceed they are compared with other authors\' models.
Crubillé, Paul. "Réalisation de l'outil Mec : spécification fonctionnelle et architecture." Bordeaux 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989BOR10581.
Full textLuamba, Endi Samba. "Análise da interação casca plana-estaca-solo via acoplamento MEC/MEF tridimensional e suas aplicações." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-05062018-095120/.
Full textSoil-structure interaction problems are analyzed by a tridimensional formulation obtained combining the Boundary Element Method (BEM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM). Structural elements that interact with the soil are modeled by the Finite Element Method. And the soil, considered as a semi-infinite, homogeneous, linear elastic and isotropic medium, is modeled by the Boundary Element Method, using Mindlin\'s fundamental solution. Mindlin\'s fundamental solution is particularly suitable for the type of problems under analysis, viz. problems involving semi-infinite three-dimensional solids, since it is necessary to discretize only the loaded surface of the soil and/or the line-load, and not all the three-dimensional solid. The discretization of the pile in several three-dimensional beam finite elements, allowing the consideration of piles of any size and subjected to any type of loading, is one of the main contributions of this work. Another contribution is about the consideration of the horizontal load in the plate-pile-soil system, directly applied to the plate, and not redistributed on the top of the piles. Therefore, the laminar structural elements (rafts, footings, and foundation blocks) are modeled by flat shell finite elements, making possible the consideration of the effects of flexion and membrane. This approach allows the analysis of both a capped pile group and a piled raft of any stiffness. The coupling between the BEM and the FEM is performed through a mixed formulation in which the matrix of the soil\'s influence coefficients obtained by the BEM is added to the stiffness matrix of the structural elements obtained by the FEM, resulting in an equivalent stiffness matrix. Numerical examples of pile-soil, plate-soil and flat shell-pile-soil interaction are solved to verify, validate and demonstrate the efficiency of the developed and implemented formulations.
Mesquita, Arthur Dias. "Novas metodologias e formulações para o tratamento de problemas inelásticos com acoplamento MEC/MEF progressivo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-12082016-122214/.
Full textNew formulations, techniques and procedures are proposed for the treatment of inelastic problems considering progressive coupling. The procedure is quite adequate for the consideration two and three-dimensional interaction problems which involve modifications in geometry and variations of the boundary conditions along the time. This allows the inclusion and retreat of sub-regions and the consideration of special hypothesis for the reinforcement, contributing appropriately for the stiffness of the structure. The viscoelastic and viscoplastic formulations are based in a new methodology and provide with simplicity and elegance quite stable and precise results. The viscous representations for boundary elements are obtained by two ways, with viscous term obtained though domain and boundary integral. The last one permits viscoelastic analysis of solids discretizing only the body\'s boundary, showing to be more appropriate for the treatment of the infinite or semi-infinite regions. The plastic behaviour is taken into account through associative e nonassociative implicit algorithms, whose expressions are obtained in closed way, resulting in a considerable computational economy and a better precision in the non-linear answer.
Pina, Fabiana [UNESP]. "O acordo MEC-USAID: ações e reações (1966 – 1968)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93369.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O presente trabalho procura analisar o Acordo MEC-USAID, buscando destacar sua importância para a estrutura universitária brasileira, as modificações ainda presentes que partiram deste Acordo e o contexto histórico no qual ele foi efetivado. Procuramos desenvolver uma pesquisa que abrangesse três ângulos do Acordo: analisamos o próprio Acordo, fizemos um estudo dos escritores que na época da sua publicação se posicionaram contrários ou favoráveis a ele e, por fim, examinamos a historiografia referente a ele, inclusive dos autores que não o tomaram como tema central
This paper analyzes the MEC-USAID agreement, seeking to highlight its importance to the Brazilian university structure, the changes still present who departed this Agreement and the historical context in which it was accomplished. We seek to develop a survey covering three angles of the Agreement: we analyze the agreement, we made a study of writers at the time of its publication is positioned against or in favor of it and, finally, we examine the historiography related to it, including the authors who not taken as a central theme
Rosa, Rog?rio Sim?es. "Propriedades mec?nicas de resinas compostas com nanopart?culas." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2010. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1091.
Full textIntrodu??o: A demanda por odontologia est?tica conduziu ao desenvolvimento de resinas compostas com melhores propriedades f?sicas e mec?nicas. Em consequ?ncia disso, surgiram as resinas compostas que apresentam somente nanopart?culas (nanoparticuladas) e as que apresentam part?culas nanom?tricas e microh?bridas (nanoh?bridas) em sua matriz inorg?nica.Objetivo: Avaliar o comportamento mec?nico de uma resina composta nanoparticulada (Filtek Supreme XT - 3M ESPE) e de duas nanoh?bridas (Esthet XDentsply, Grandio-Voco) com cores de esmalte e de dentina (A2).Contexto da pesquisa: A grande inova??o que gera um melhor comportamento mec?nico ao material ? a possibilidade de aumentar seu conte?do em peso de carga inorg?nica para 80%, ao passo que as microparticuladas apresentam 50%.Metodologia: Dez amostras de cada resina composta foram submetidas aos testes de resist?ncia ? compress?o, resist?ncia flexural, resist?ncia ? tra??o diametral numa m?quina de ensaio universal. Os dados do teste de m?dulo flexural foram obtidos a partir dos resultados de resist?ncia flexural. Dez amostras de cada resina composta foram submetidas ao teste de microdureza knoop. Uma amostra de cada material foi submetida aos testes de nanodureza e de m?dulo de elasticidade. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente atrav?s de ANOVA e de teste de Tukey (α=0,05). Uma amostra de cada resina composta foi utilizada para registrar seu conte?do em peso de carga.Resultados: Ap?s a an?lise estat?stica das m?dias, observou-se que a resina composta Grandio apresentou melhor comportamento mec?nico para os testes de m?dulo flexural, microdureza knoop, nanodureza, m?dulo de elasticidade e conte?do em peso de carga. No que tange ? resist?ncia ? tra??o diametral, Grandio e Filtek Supreme XT obtiveram as maiores m?dias. As tr?s resinas compostas testadas atingiram m?dias similares estatisticamente para resist?ncia ? compress?o. No que se refere ? resist?ncia flexural, Filtek Supreme XT e Esthet X apresentaram as maiores m?dias.Conclus?es: O conte?do de carga em peso das resinas compostas tem rela??o direta com suas propriedades mec?nicas. O tamanho e a forma das part?culas de carga tendem a influenciar no m?dulo de elasticidade. Part?culas maiores tendem a dar mais resist?ncia ao material e as de formatos irregulares tornam o material com maiores valores de m?dulo de elasticidade.
Bassi, Lorenzo. "Orchestration of a MEC-based multi-protocol IoT environment." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24114/.
Full textLopes, Francisco Mateus Gomes. "Estudo do comportamento mec?nico de areias artificialmente cimentadas." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14840.
Full textSoil improved with the addition of cement have been utilized as an alternative to the construction of various types of geotechnical works, almost always present economic and environmental advantages. This paper presents a study on the usage of cement in the improvement of mechanical properties of sandy soils, characteristic of the region of Natal, collected from its dunes. This research was made in order to analyze the influence of cement content, voids, and also including water immersion and confining pressure. Samples molded from cement-soil mixtures were tested for unconfined compression tests and triaxial tests. The samples had the percentage of cement mixed in 2.5%, 5% and 10% by weight. The cement agent used was the Portland Cement of High Early strength(CPV-ARI), which promoted agility to the experimental procedure for presenting a rapid gain in strenght. The void ratio used ranged from 0.7 (more compact), 0,9 and 1,1(softer). The soil under study can be considered as pure sand. In general, it can be stated that the larger the amount of cement added to the sand studied is, the greater ultimate strength will be. Likewise, as more compact the soil is, the less void ratio and more resistant it will be present. The confining pressure tends to increase the resistance of the specimens. The cementing adopted grades showed that the use of different criteria for failure did not significantly alter the stress-strain parameters for the sand studied. The angle of friction values were found within the typical range of medium and compact sands. Cementing acted in the sand providing an intercepted cohesion which increased enhancing the potential cementation. In triaxial compression tests, the sand with void ratio is equal to 0.7 and showed the expected behavior for a compact sand while the stress-strain behavior of the same sand with the void ratio of 0.9 tended to be expected for the soft sand as well
Solos melhorados com adi??o de cimento t?m sido bastante utilizados como alternativa na constru??o de diversos tipos de obras geot?cnicas, quase sempre por apresentar vantagens econ?micas e ambientais. Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a utiliza??o de cimento no melhoramento das propriedades mec?nicas de solos arenosos caracter?sticos da regi?o de Natal, coletados em dunas. Foi avaliada a influ?ncia do teor de cimento, do ?ndice de vazios, da inunda??o e da tens?o confinante. Corpos-de-prova moldados a partir de misturas de solo-cimento foram submetidos a ensaios de resist?ncia ? compress?o simples e ? compress?o triaxial convencional. Nas amostras as porcentagens de cimento foram variadas em 2,5%, 5% e 10% em peso. O agente cimentante utilizado foi o Cimento Portland de Alta resist?ncia inicial (CP-V ARI), que promoveu agilidade ao procedimento experimental por apresentar um processo de cura mais r?pido.Os ?ndices de vazios utilizados variaram de 0,7 (mais compacto), 0,9 e 1,1(mais fofo). O solo estudado pode ser considerado como uma areia pura. De uma forma geral, pode-se afirmar que quanto maior a quantidade de cimento adicionado ? areia estudada, maior a sua resist?ncia final. Da mesma forma, quanto mais compacto estiver esse solo, isto ?, quanto menor o ?ndice de vazios, mais resistente ele se apresentar?. A tens?o confinante tende a aumentar a resist?ncia dos corpos de prova. Nos graus de cimenta??o adotados, a utiliza??o de diferentes crit?rios de ruptura n?o alterou significativamente os par?metros tens?o-deforma??o para a areia estudada. Os valores de ?ngulo de atrito encontrados estavam dentro dos valores t?picos para areias m?dias e compactas. A cimenta??o agiu na areia de modo a proporcionar um intercepto de coes?o que aumentou com o incremento da cimenta??o. Nos ensaios de compress?o triaxial, a areia com ?ndice de vazios igual a 0,7 apresentou o comportamento esperado para uma areia compacta, enquanto o comportamento tens?o deforma??o da mesma areia com ?ndice de vazios de 0,9 tendeu ao esperado para a areia fofa
Freitas, Cassio Higino de. "Sistema especialista fuzzy para dimensionamento de bombeio mec?nico." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18007.
Full textDespite the emergence of other forms of artificial lift, sucker rod pumping systems remains hegemonic because of its flexibility of operation and lower investment cost compared to other lifting techniques developed. A successful rod pumping sizing necessarily passes through the supply of estimated flow and the controlled wear of pumping equipment used in the mounted configuration. However, the mediation of these elements is particularly challenging, especially for most designers dealing with this work, which still lack the experience needed to get good projects pumping in time. Even with the existence of various computer applications on the market in order to facilitate this task, they must face a grueling process of trial and error until you get the most appropriate combination of equipment for installation in the well. This thesis proposes the creation of an expert system in the design of sucker rod pumping systems. Its mission is to guide a petroleum engineer in the task of selecting a range of equipment appropriate to the context provided by the characteristics of the oil that will be raised to the surface. Features such as the level of gas separation, presence of corrosive elements, possibility of production of sand and waxing are taken into account in selecting the pumping unit, sucker-rod strings and subsurface pump and their operation mode. It is able to approximate the inferente process in the way of human reasoning, which leads to results closer to those obtained by a specialist. For this, their production rules were based on the theory of fuzzy sets, able to model vague concepts typically present in human reasoning. The calculations of operating parameters of the pumping system are made by the API RP 11L method. Based on information input, the system is able to return to the user a set of pumping configurations that meet a given design flow, but without subjecting the selected equipment to an effort beyond that which can bear
Apesar do surgimento de outras t?cnicas de eleva??o artificial de petr?leo, sistemas de bombeio mec?nico mant?m-se hegem?nicos devido ? sua flexibilidade de atua??o e custo menor de investimento se comparada com outras t?cnicas de eleva??o desenvolvidas. Um dimensionamento de bombeio mec?nico bem sucedido necessariamente passa pelo atendimento da vaz?o prevista e pelo desgaste controlado dos equipamentos de bombeio utilizados na configura??o montada. Entretanto, a concilia??o destes elementos mostrase particularmente desafiadora, sobretudo para a maioria dos projetistas que lidam com este trabalho, que n?o possuem ainda a experi?ncia necess?ria para chegar a bons projetos de bombeio em tempo h?bil. Mesmo com a exist?ncia de diversos aplicativos computacionais no mercado com o objetivo de facilitar esta tarefa, eles precisam enfrentar um exaustivo processo de tentativa e erro at? chegar a combina??o mais adequada de equipamentos para instala??o no po?o. A proposta do presente trabalho consiste em desenvolver um sistema especialista no dimensionamento de sistemas de bombeio mec?nico. Ele tem a miss?o de guiar um engenheiro de petr?leo na tarefa de selecionar um conjunto de equipamentos apropriados ao contexto provido pelas caracter?sticas do ?leo que ser? produzido. Caracter?sticas como o n?vel de separa??o do g?s, presen?a de elementos corrosivos, possibilidade de produ??o de areia e de parafina??o s?o levados em considera??o na escolha da bomba de fundo, coluna de hastes e unidade de bombeio, bem como as caracter?sticas de opera??o dos mesmos. Ele ? capaz de aproximar seu processo de infer?ncia da forma do racioc?nio humano, o que gera resultados mais pr?ximos daqueles obtidos por um especialista. Para tanto, suas regras de produ??o foram elaboradas com base na teoria dos conjuntos fuzzy, capazes de modelar conceitos imprecisos tipicamente presentes no racioc?nio humano. Os c?lculos dos par?metros operacionais do sistema de bombeio s?o feitos por meio do m?todo API RP 11L. Com base em informa??es de entrada, o sistema ? capaz de retornar ao usu?rio um conjunto de configura??es de bombeio mec?nico que atendam uma determinada vaz?o de projeto, por?m sem submeter os equipamentos selecionados a um esfor?o al?m daquele que possam suportar
Pina, Fabiana. "O acordo MEC-USAID : ações e reações (1966 - 1968) /." Assis : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93369.
Full textBanca: Ivan Aparecido Manoel
Banca: Helio Rebello Cardoso Junior
Resumo: O presente trabalho procura analisar o Acordo MEC-USAID, buscando destacar sua importância para a estrutura universitária brasileira, as modificações ainda presentes que partiram deste Acordo e o contexto histórico no qual ele foi efetivado. Procuramos desenvolver uma pesquisa que abrangesse três ângulos do Acordo: analisamos o próprio Acordo, fizemos um estudo dos escritores que na época da sua publicação se posicionaram contrários ou favoráveis a ele e, por fim, examinamos a historiografia referente a ele, inclusive dos autores que não o tomaram como tema central
Abstract: This paper analyzes the MEC-USAID agreement, seeking to highlight its importance to the Brazilian university structure, the changes still present who departed this Agreement and the historical context in which it was accomplished. We seek to develop a survey covering three angles of the Agreement: we analyze the agreement, we made a study of writers at the time of its publication is positioned against or in favor of it and, finally, we examine the historiography related to it, including the authors who not taken as a central theme
Mestre
GEBRU, KALKIDAN. "MEC-based Mobility Tracking and Safety Service through IoT." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2971998.
Full textPineda, D��az Saulo Amando. "Valoraci��n de los par��metros de corte apropiados, para mejorar el rendimiento de las herramientas de carburo s��lido y cortadores con insertos intercambiables de diferentes fabricantes, para operaciones de torneado, fresado y taladrado del taller mec��nico de LuK Puebla S.A. de C.V." Thesis, Universidad de las Am��ricas Puebla, 2005. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lim/pineda_d_sa/.
Full text(cont.) Fue posible apreciar los diferentes puntos de vista que se han empleado en evaluaciones de torneado, fresado y taladrado, dentro de las investigaciones desarrolladas por los fabricantes de herramientas y personal especializado en el estudio del rendimiento de dichos elementos. En la observaci��n y medici��n del desgaste se presentaron algunas limitaciones producto del equipo utilizado para esta investigaci��n, pero en base al desarrollo y los recursos disponibles en el ��rea, se idearon elementos por medio de los cuales se pudo llevar a cabo la inspecci��n de las herramientas de corte probadas. Con la aplicaci��n del dise��o de experimentos y el an��lisis estad��stico realizado con Minitab��, se obtuvo un an��lisis de resultados propio a cada operaci��n de corte, para definir cuales de los factores seleccionados para la evaluaci��n influyen m��s en el rendimiento de las herramientas. Finalmente se evaluaron los beneficios econ��micos de las pruebas y algunas mejoras para favorecer el desarrollo del mecanizado de alto rendimiento. .
Liu, Sige. "Bandit Learning Enabled Task Offloading and Resource Allocation in Mobile Edge Computing." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29719.
Full textVanalli, Leandro. "O MEC e o MEF aplicados à análise de problemas viscoplásticos em meios anisotrópicos e compostos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-24072006-160247/.
Full textThe objective of the present work is the development of formulations and computational codes that enable the static bidimensional analysis of the viscoplastic anisotropic medias reinforced, or not, by fibers. Specifically, the numerical analysis involve applications of the boundary elements method (BEM) and finite elements (FEM), comparing the results obtained with analytical and experimental solutions available in the literature, allowing the understanding of general problems in anisotropic media. Two-dimensional finite elements with cubic and quadrate approximations for the displacements are used to model domains. Reinforcements are modeled by truss finite elements. The developed formulation provides the consideration of random distribution of the fibers, without any additional degree of freedom of the problem. With the BEM, the plasticity and viscoplasticity analysis in general anisotropic medias is originally developed in the present work, emphasizing the consideration of non-associative plastic flow and the treatment of viscosity just with boundary integrals, without domain approximation. Various examples are shown in order to verify the efficiency of the proposed formulation and developed computational codes
Balbinot, Carlos Eduardo Agostini. "Avalia??o de propriedades mec?nicas de resinas compostas nanoparticuladas." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2006. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1173.
Full textEste estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades mec?nicas selecionadas (resist?ncia ? compress?o, resist?ncia ? tra??o diametral, resist?ncia flexural de tr?spontos e m?dulo flexural) de quatro marcas diferentes de resina composta nanoparticuladas e uma resina composta microh?brida, nas cores A2 esmalte e dentina. Foram confeccionadas dez amostras para cada grupo de cada teste. O m?dulo flexural foi calculado a partir dos resultados do teste de resist?ncia flexural. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios foram comparados estatisticamente com an?lise de vari?ncia e teste de Tukey (p < 0,01). N?o houve diferen?a estatisticamente significante para os grupos testados no teste de resist?ncia ? compress?o, sendo que as m?dias variaram entre 141,04 MPa para a resina 4 Seasons A2E e 206,08 MPa para a resina Grandio A2O. No teste de resist?ncia flexural, houve diferen?a estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, onde as medias variaram entre 59,16 MPa para a resina 4 Seasons A2E e 122 MPa para a resina Supreme XT A2E. Houve diferen?a estatisticamente significante para m?dulo flexural e neste teste as m?dias variaram entre 3,4 GPa para a resina 4 Seasons A2E e 13,30 GPa para a resina Grandio A2O. No teste de resist?ncia ? tra??o diametral, a resina Esthet-X A2O apresentou m?dia (34,87 MPa) estatisticamente menor que os demais grupos, e a resina Supreme XT A2E (50,26 MPa), estatisticamente maior que os demais grupos testados; entre os demais grupos n?o houve diferen?a estatisticamente significante. Apesar de diferen?as nos valores entre os grupos testados nos testes de resist?ncia flexural, m?dulo flexural e resist?ncia ? tra??o diametral, as resinas nanoparticuladas, baseados nos resultados obtidos neste estudo, apresentam propriedades mec?nicas semelhantes da resina microh?brida
Teotônio, Kaio Lins. "Otimização topológica em problemas de elasticidade linear usando o MEC." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/16136.
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O presente texto visa relatar as etapas que possibilitaram a otimização de problemas de elasticidade linear através de algoritmos computacionais baseados no Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC). O MEC é um dos métodos numéricos mais populares em problemas de engenharia, e está sendo constantemente desenvolvido nas ultimas décadas. É um método que, apesar de possuir uma formulação elaborada, possui propriedades que facilita sua implementação em problemas de otimização. Este trabalho tem por objetivo aplicar o MEC em problemas de otimização estrutural de problemas bidimensionais de elasticidade linear. Este trabalho utiliza elementos quadráticos nos problemas de otimização estudados. Para tanto, foi desenvolvido um código em MATLAB que faz os cálculos e um processo iterativo, fornecendo novas topologias a partir de uma topologia inicial. Algumas otimizações de problemas bidimensionais são propostas e realizadas. Um exemplo simplificado de um componente automotivo é proposto para ser otimizado. As topologias finais apresentaram resultados condizentes com a literatura. _______________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This work aims to report the procedures that make the optimization of linear elasticity problems be possible by computational codes based on the Boundary Element Method (BEM). The BEM is one of the hot research topic in numerical methods in engineering problems where more research has been conducted in the last decade. It is a method that, despite its elaborated formulation, has the features that make it more attractive to be applied in optimization problems. This work will use the BEM in the structural optimization of linear elasticity problems as a numerical approach. In this work, the structural optimization was performed with quadratic boundary elements. An iterative MATLAB code was developed to perform the optimization procedures, giving new topologies as output from a determined initial topology. Five benchmark tests commonly used for topological optimization procedure were optimized. Finally, a simplified problem of an automotive suspension arm optimization was also studied. The final topologies obtained are in good agreement with the literature.
Flavigny, Raphael. "Ammonia recovery from wastewater using a Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC)." Thesis, Flavigny, Raphael (2011) Ammonia recovery from wastewater using a Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC). Honours thesis, Murdoch University, 2011. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/38917/.
Full textSubramanya, Tejas. "Autonomic Management and Orchestration Strategies in MEC-Enabled 5G Networks." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/320883.
Full textMuccioli, Gioele. "Misurazione e controllo delle prestazioni aziendali: il caso Andi-mec s.r.l." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textSilva, Gabriela Farias da. "A representa??o do mal na literatura : A laranja mec?nica." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/1905.
Full textA partir da defini??o de mal e da caracteriza??o da personagem esta disserta??o prop?e uma analise do mal como conceito moral que forma o car?ter da personagem. Para isso obedecemos a seguinte ordem: conceituar e mal atrav?s de premissas filos?ficas; apresentar como o mal aparece na obra A laranja mec?nica de Anthony Burgess e apontar como o mal ? representado atrav?s da personagem protagonista.
Sobral, Louis Gustavo da Costa. "Propriedades t?rmicas e mec?nicas do NHG sob tra??o." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM F?SICA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24043.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Materiais em 1 e 2 dimenso ?es, tais como nanofios, nanotubos, grafeno e nitreto de boro, atraem enorme interesse devido a seu potencial de aplica ?co ?es em novos dispositi- vos eletro?nicos e no gerenciamento do calor. Em contraste aos materiais tridimensionais, o transporte de calor em baixas dimenso ?es pode ser bem diferente. Grafeno exibe extraor- dina ?rias propriedades f ??sicas, incluindo uma extrema alta condutividade t ?ermica. Um novo material cristalino bidimensional como o grafeno com uma estequiometria C2N, com bura- cos uniformemente distribu ??dos e ?atomos de nitrog?enio em seu plano basal, o grafeno com buracos nitrogenado [ou nitrogenated holey graphene (NHG)], foi recentemente sintetizado. Aqui apresentamos uma investigac ? ?ao da condutividade t ?ermica do NHG via simula ?c ?oes com dina?mica molecular fora do equil ??brio baseado no potencial interato?mico de Tersoff. N ?os re- alizamos uma ana ?lise dos efeitos de tamanho finito e extrapolamos os nossos resultados para estimar as propriedades de longas folhas do NHG. Foi computada uma condutividade t ?ermica intr ??nseca 67,23 W/mK do NHG a temperatura ambiente, com um livre caminho m ?edio efe- tivo de 16,84 nm. Ambas as quantidades s ?ao muito menores do que as correspondentes para o grafeno. Sob tra ?ca ?o uniaxial e biaxial foi observado o aumento da condutividade t ?ermica e do correspondente livre caminho m ?edio efetivo, embora n ?ao seja t ?ao acentuada como no grafeno.
Betancur, Arroyave Adrián Alberto. "Estudo da homogeneização de materiais microheterogêneos e viscoelásticos empregando o MEC." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2017. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/31248.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES); Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Distrito Federal (FAP-DF).
O principal objetivo deste trabalho consiste em desenvolver um procedimento para problemas multiescala usando o Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC) para determinar o módulo de Young efetivo de um Ferro Fundido Nodular GGG-40. Todas as rotinas foram escritas usando o MEC como método numérico, devido a suas principais caracteríscas as quais fazem com que seja uma ferramenta adequada para modelagem multiscala de materiais. Foram usados procedimentos completos para a caracterização das propriedades mecânicas do GGG-40. Procedimentos de Microtomografia e Micro-indentação (dureza Vickers) também foram usados para determinar a morfologia dos nódulos de grafita e o módulo de Young, respectivamente. Para o procedimento de homogeneização foram analisados vários modelos em 2D e 3D, considerando a gemetria real e sintética dos nódulos de grafita. A malha do MEC foi gerada através das imagens adquiridas por microtomogragia computarizada por Raios X, o que permitiu modelar a morfologia real dos nódulos de grapita. O módulo de Young efetivo obtido através do procedimento de homogenização para cada modelo foi comparado com os obtidos por ensaio de tração. Finalmente, a metodologia proposta foi adaptada para homogenização multiescala para problemas de viscoelasticidade. Para efeito de comparação e validação foram usados dados reportados em literatura. A análise multiescala acoplada ao MEC mostrou ser uma metodologia numérica eficiente para problemas de micromecânica de materiais heterogêneos.
The main goal of this work relies on developing a novel for multiscale methodology using the Boundary element Method (BEM) for determining the effective Young’s modules of a GGG-40 Nodular Cast Iron (NCI). All routines were written using the BEM as numerical method, due to its main features that makes this a suitable tool for modeling multiscale materials. Full experimental procedures for characterizing the mechanical properties were used for GGG-40. Computational X-ray Microtomography (Micro-CT) and Microindentation (Vickers Hardness) tests were also used to determine the morphology of the graphite’s nodules and the Yong’s module, respectively. For the homogenization procedure several models, such as 2D and 3D, considering the real and synthetic geometry of the graphite´s nodules were analyzed. The resulted effective young’s modules from each one were compared. The BEM mesh was generated through the images acquired by Micro-CT, which allowed modeling the real morphology of the graphite’s nodule. The effective Young’s modules obtained through a homogenization procedure for each model were compared with those obtained from tensile tests. Finally, the purposed methodology herein was adapted for a multiscale homogenization for viscoelasticity problems. Geometric data parameters reported in the literature were used for comparison and validation. The multiscale analysis coupled with the BEM showed to be an efficient numerical methodology for micro mechanical problems of heterogeneous materials.
Mehamel, Sarra. "New intelligent caching and mobility strategies for MEC /ICN based architectures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CNAM1284.
Full textMobile edge computing (MEC) concept proposes to bring the computing and storage resources in close proximity to the end user by placing these resources at the network edge. The motivation is to alleviate the mobile core and to reduce latency for mobile users due to their close proximity to the edge. MEC servers are candidates to host mobile applications and serve web contents. Edge caching is one of the most emerging technologies recognized as a content retrieval solution in the edge of the network. It has been also considered as enabling technology of mobile edge computing that presents an interesting opportunity to perform caching services. Particularly, the MEC servers are implemented directly at the base stations which enable edge caching and ensure deployment in close-proximity to the mobile users. However, the integration of servers in mobile edge computing environment (base stations) complicates the energy saving issue because the power consumed by mobile edge computing servers is costly especially when the load changes dynamically over time. Furthermore, users with mobile devices arise their demands, introducing the challenge of handling such mobile content requests beside the limited caching size. Thus, it is necessary and crucial for caching mechanisms to consider context-aware factors, meanwhile most existing studies focus on cache allocation, content popularity and cache design. In this thesis, we present a novel energy-efficient fuzzy caching strategy for edge devices that takes into consideration four influencing features of mobile environment, while introducing a hardware implementation using Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to cut the overall energy requirements. Performing an adequate caching strategy on MEC servers opens the possibility of employing artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and machine learning at mobile network edges. Exploiting users context information intelligently makes it possible to design an intelligent context-aware mobile edge caching. Context awareness enables the cache to be aware of its environment, while intelligence enables each cache to make the right decisions of selecting appropriate contents to be cached so that to maximize the caching performance. Inspired by the success of reinforcement learning (RL) that uses agents to deal with decision making problems, we extended our fuzzy-caching system into a modified reinforcement learning model. The proposed framework aims to maximize the cache hit rate and requires a multi awareness. The modified RL differs from other RL algorithms in the learning rate that uses the method of stochastic gradient decent beside taking advantage of learning using the optimal caching decision obtained from fuzzy rules
Ribeiro, Dimas Betioli. "Estudo e aplicação de um elemento de contorno infinito na análise da interação solo-estrutura via combinação MEC/MEF." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-14012011-102258/.
Full textIn this work, a computer code is developed for the static analysis of three-dimensional soil-structure interaction problems. The program allows considering a layered soil, which may contain piles. This soil may support several structures, such as shells or even an entire building. All materials are considered homogeneous, isotropic, elastic and linear. The three-dimensional soil is modeled with the boundary element method (BEM), employing Kelvin fundamental solutions and an alternative multi-region technique. This technique, which is an original contribution of this work, is based on relating the displacement fundamental solution of the different domains, allowing evaluating them as an unique solid and not requiring compatibility or equilibrium equations. In such a way, the final system of equations is reduced and more accurate results are obtained, as demonstrated in the presented examples. In order to reduce the computational cost maintaining the accuracy, an infinite boundary element (IBE) mesh is employed at the BE mesh limits to model the far field behavior. The mapped IBE utilized, based on a triangular EC, is another original contribution of this work. In the presented examples it is demonstrated that this IBE formulation is efficient for mesh reduction, implying on a significant computational cost reduction. All structures that interact with the soil, including the foundations, are simulated with de finite element method (FEM). The piles are modeled using a one-dimensional 14 parameter finite element, with forth degree shape functions for horizontal displacement approximation, third degree shape functions for horizontal forces and vertical displacement, second degree shape functions for vertical share force, and constant for the base reaction. This element is employed in other works, however the authors utilize Mindlin fundamental solutions for the pile presence consideration in the soil. In such a way, the formulation developed in this work with Kelvin fundamental solutions may be considered one more original contribution. The building, which may include a radier as a foundation structure, is modeled using two types os FEs. Piles and beams are simulated using bar FEs with two nodes and six degrees of freedom per node. The radier and pavements are modeled employing plane triangular three-node FEs. In these FEs plate and membrane effects are superposed, totalizing six degrees of freedom per node. FEM/BEM coupling is made by transforming the BEM tractions in nodal reactions in the FEM. Even though specific examples are presented in the theoretical Chapters, a role Chapter is dedicated for demonstrating the formulation accuracy and coverage. In most examples, the results are compared with the ones obtained by other authors.
Angeles, Sánchez Héctor Enrique. "Negocios Familiares y el Desempeño de la Firma: Una Evidencia para el Sistema Corporativo Mexicano." Thesis, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2011. http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/mec/angeles_s_he/.
Full textCruz, Marcus Vinícius dos Santos. "Análise crítica de documentos sobre educação ambiental do MEC e do MMA." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/9011.
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The present work aims to analyze federal official documents that deal with Environmental Education (EE) in order to identify convergences and divergences existing in the duality of origin of these texts, since some of them are result of definitions given by the Ministry of Education (MEC) and others are created, decided and implemented by the Ministry of Environment (MMA) through the federal government. Therefore, the work is based under the emancipation potentiality inscribed in the contemporary capitalist social reality. A qualitative approach was adopted, so that the elements of the research were understood in their complexity. The methodological treatment consisted, therefore, in the following main steps: 1) search and organization of the official material according to the proposed objectives; 2) initial and exploratory reading of the material; 3) documentary analysis with elements from the perspective of content analysis, guided by the assumptions of the Critical Environmental Education. The data collected were examined in their content, and from them emerged the following categories of analysis: approach, concepts, objectives, principles and procedures for the realization of EE. We seek to establish throughout a political position on environmentalism, which is defined in a critical and emancipatory perspective, also aligned with the ideals of political ecology and environmental justice, occupied by the human individual who uses natural resources and who manages conflicts arising from this dispute in the political field. Among other findings, we identified that there are divergences between the concepts and approach in the contents of National Orientations for Highschool (OCEM) in relation to the content of ProNEA 2014 (National Program of Environmental Education), indicating that Ministry of Education and MMA adopt EE concepts considered disparate, and MMA has turned to a conservative perspective, notable in the latest version of ProNEA. We materialize the fluidity of the EE concept in the different documents, which is often used to defend a capitalist productive logic that is unsustainable in its conception. Although the official documents present difficulties of execution on the part of the Brazilian state, the existence of a wide network of public policies in EE, we believe, enables and stimulates, to the educator, the collaborators of public and private institutions, as well as the environmental groups to think about the possibility of a social process that leads us to a more just society from an environmental perspective, also reflecting the broadening of the world view of these same actors. There is a need for greater sharing of actions between the Ministry of Education and the MMA in order to establish more organic and pedagogical relations of mobilization of Environmental Education fronts at the federal level, since the lines of action between these bodies are now partially compatible as we have shown in our analysis.
O objetivo do presente trabalho é analisar documentos oficiais federais que versam sobre Educação Ambiental (EA) buscando identificar convergências e divergências existentes em decorrência da duplicidade de origem destes textos, posto que alguns são fruto de definições dadas pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) e outros são criados, decididos e implantados através do Ministério do Meio Ambiente (MMA) por meio do governo federal. Para tanto o trabalho se pauta na potencialidade de emancipação da realidade social capitalista contemporânea. Adotou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, de maneira que os elementos da pesquisa fossem compreendidos em sua complexidade. O tratamento metodológico consistiu, portanto, nas seguintes etapas principais: 1) busca e organização do material oficial de acordo com os objetivos propostos; 2) leitura inicial e exploratória do material; 3) análise documental com elementos da perspectiva de análise de conteúdo, orientada pelos pressupostos da Educação Ambiental Crítica (EAC). Os dados coletados foram examinados em seu conteúdo, sendo que destes emergiram as seguintes categorias de análise: abordagem, conceitos, objetivos, princípios e procedimentos para a realização da EA. Buscamos estabelecer ao longo da escrita uma posição política sobre o ambientalismo, que se define em uma perspectiva crítica e emancipatória, também alinhada aos ideais da ecologia política e da justiça ambiental, ocupada do indivíduo humano que se utiliza dos recursos naturais e que administra os conflitos oriundos desta disputa no campo político. Dentre outras constatações, identificamos que há divergências entre os conceitos e abordagem nos conteúdos das Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio (OCEM) em relação ao conteúdo do Programa Nacional de Educação Ambiental 2014 (ProNEA), indicando que MEC e MMA adotam conceitos de EA considerados díspares, sendo que o MMA tem se voltado para uma perspectiva conservadora, notável na última versão do ProNEA. Materializamos a fluidez do conceito de EA nos diferentes documentos, sendo este muitas vezes utilizado para defender uma lógica produtiva capitalista mercantil insustentável em sua concepção. Ainda que os documentos oficiais apresentem dificuldades de execução por parte do Estado brasileiro, a existência de uma ampla rede de políticas públicas em EA, acreditamos, possibilita e estimula, ao educador, aos colaboradores de instituições públicas e privadas, bem como aos coletivos ambientalistas pensar na possibilidade de um processo social que nos conduza a uma sociedade mais justa na perspectiva ambiental, refletindo, ainda, na ampliação da visão de mundo desses mesmos atores. Se faz necessário um maior compartilhamento de ações entre o MEC e o MMA no sentido de estabelecer relações mais orgânicas e pedagógicas de mobilização de frentes de EA em âmbito federal, posto que as linhas de ação entre estes órgãos são, hoje, parcialmente compatíveis conforme demonstramos em nossa análise.
Rosa, Alessandra Kiyoko da. "Estudo comparativo de formulações do MEC para análise da interação estaca-solo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-04122013-144002/.
Full textFor a more accurate analysis of the structural system, it is necessary to study the interactive behavior between the various parts that compose it, among them, there is the interaction between the foundation elements and massive soil. In this work, numerical formulations were developed for the analysis of pile-soil interaction by coupling between different numerical methods: the boundary element method, finite element method and finite difference method. Piles can be subjected to horizontal loads, vertical and moments applied on its top. In these formulations were used in addition to the displacement integral equations, the equations of their derivatives, leading to a higher degree of uniqueness but allowing the adoption of more sophisticated approaches to displacements and contact tractions along the pile. All displacements and their derivatives relating to the pile were matched with the corresponding soil. Developed formulations made due coupling between them were analyzed examples, which were compared with results obtained by other authors, demonstrating its validity.
Siqueira, Elizabeth Frauches Netto. "Consideração de geometria curva na análise p-adaptativa do MEC para potencial." Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11422/3985.
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Este trabalho de tese visa o desenvolvimento de procedimentos numéricos para considerar geometria curva na análise p-adaptativa do método dos elementos de contorno para potencial, utilizando funções de forma hierárquicas nas interpolações. A integração é feita aplicando a transformação cúbica de variáveis com escolha seletiva do número de pontos de integração. São analisados problemas regidos pela equação de Laplace, fazendo uso de elementos curvos na discretização. Através de comparações, avaliam-se as soluções quanto a precisão, economia e posição dos pontos fontes extremos.
This work aims to develop numerical procedures to consider curve geometries in the BEM p-adaptive analysis for potential problems, using hierarquical interpolation functions. The integration scheme adopted employs cubic transformation of variables and a selective choice of the number of integration points. Problems governed by the Laplace Equation are analized and curve boundary elements are employed to discretize boundary geometry. A discussion concerning accuracy, efficiency and best position of extreme source points is presented.
Oliveira, Tatiane Santos Leal de. "Otimização evolucionária para problemas de transferência de calor em PCI usando MEC." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.12.D.20993.
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Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento de um procedimento de otimização para controlar o fluxo térmico de uma placa de circuito impresso (PCI) em meio de materiais isotrópico e anisotrópico. Neste sentido, os esforços se baseiam em maximizar o fluxo de calor para determinar a configuração mais eficaz, quanto possível, para a distribuição gradiente dentro da PCI. O Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC) foi empregado para resolver a equação diferencial governante para problemas potenciais. O algoritmo genético (AG) foi utilizado como método de busca da solução ótima para determinar o caminho otimizado de transferência de calor, quando se considera inclusões retangulares rotacionáveis com baixa condução dentro da matriz. Alguns exemplos numéricos são estudados a fim de validar a metodologia apresentada.
This works presents a study regarding to the development of an optimization procedure in order to control the thermal heat flux of a printed circuit board for isotropic and anisotropic medium. In this sense, the efforts are based on maximizing the heat flux for determining the best configuration, as possible as, for the inside gradient distribution of the (PCB). The boundary element method (BEM) was employed for solving the governing differential equation for potential problems. The genetic algorithm (GA) was chosen as a search method of the optimal solution for determining the heat transfer optimized path, when rotational rectangular inclusions with low conductive are considered inside the matrix. Some numerical examples are studied in order to validate the proposed methodology.
Furtado, Daniel Canongia. "Método dos elementos de contorno (MEC) aplicado para análises viscoelásticas e termoelásticas." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2018. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/32699.
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Esta pesquisa refere-se à aplicação do Método dos Elementos de Contorno (MEC) em análises viscoelásticas e termoelásticas, por meio de simulações e validações, 2D e 3D, com uso da linguagem computacional MATLAB. O comportamento de materiais viscoelásticos foi analisado a partir da utilização de três modelos reológicos, sendo o modelo de Boltzmann o que melhor representou tal comportamento, pois conseguiu prever tanto o comportamento elástico, quanto o comportamento viscoso do material. Devido à característica dos materiais viscoelásticos, sua análise se estendeu à problemas heterogêneos, quando o material possui regiões em seu domínio com propriedades mecânicas distintas. Essa análise foi conduzida através da utilização da técnica de sub-regiões do MEC, capaz de transformar um problema heterogêneo em problemas homogêneos, garantindo as condições de compatibilidade e de equilíbrio do material. Por outro lado, as análises termoelásticas foram conduzidas com a utilização do Método da Reciprocidade Dual (MRD), uma vez que é necessário tratar a integral de domínio decorrente do fenômeno termoelástico. O MRD é capaz de considerar a influência das forças que atuam no domínio de análise, somente analisando o contorno, mantendo, assim, a utilização do MEC atrativa, pois não há necessidade de discretizar o domínio e, consequentemente, reduz-se uma dimensão das integrais governantes do problema. Dentre as vantagens deste método numérico, destacam-se a otimização do tempo de processamento e a racionalização dos custos, quando comparado a outros métodos. Os resultados obtidos, confirmaram o potencial da aplicabilidade do MEC na solução de problemas complexos da engenharia, pois foi possível estender a análise termoelástica à problemas de difusão, quando o material sofre uma mudança abrupta de temperatura, como por exemplo, materiais sujeitos ao processo de soldagem. Além disso, os resultados alcançados apresentaram valores alinhados e aderentes quando comparados aos resultados das soluções analíticas e com os da literatura obtidos com o Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF).
This research refers to the application of the Boundary Element Method (BEM) in viscoelastic and thermoelastic analyzes by 2D and 3D simulations and validations, using MATLAB computational language. Among the advantages of this method are the processing time optimization and the costs rationalization, when compared to other numerical methods. The results obtained confirm the potential applicability of BEM to solve complex engineering problems. The numerical results showed good agreement with the analytical solution and those reported in the literature.
Zhu, Zeying. "Utilization of Coal Through Microbial Electrolysis Cell (MEC) Systems And Bioleaching Approach." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2366.
Full textRainone, V. "ROLE OF THE MUCOSAE-ASSOCIATED EPITHELIAL CHEMOKINE (MEC/CCL28) IN THE MODULATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AGAINST VIRAL INFECTIONS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150210.
Full textRooney, Nicholas. "Investigating the role of Integrin Linked Kinase in mammary epithelial cell differentiation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigating-the-role-of-integrin-linked-kinase-in-mammary-epithelial-cell-differentiation(7ea57786-1b8a-4391-bfbf-2cda9977877e).html.
Full textAzevedo, Carlos Alberto Cabral de. "Formulação alternativa para análise de domínios não-homogêneos e inclusões anisotrópicas via MEC." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-18102007-110753/.
Full textThis work deals with elastic 2D problems characterized by the presence of zones with different materials and anisotropic inclusions using the boundary element method. The anisotropy can be assumed either over the whole domain or defined only over some particular inclusions, which is the most usual case. Fundamental solutions for anisotropic domains, although well-known, lead to more complex formulations and may introduce difficulties when the analysis requires more complex material models as for instance plastic behavior, finite deformations, etc. The alternative formulation proposed in this work can be applied to anisotropic bodies using the classical fundamental solutions for 2D elastic isotropic domains plus correction given by an initial stress field. The domain region with anisotropic properties or only with different isotropic elastic parameters has to be discretized into cells to allow the required corrections, while the complementary part of the body requires only boundary discretization. The initial stress tensor to be applied to the anisiotropic region is defined as the isotropic material elastic stress tensor correction by introducing a local penalty matrix. This matrix is obtained by the difference between the elastic parameters between the reference values and the anisotropic material. This technique is particularly appropriate for anisotropic inclusion analysis, in which the domain discretization is required only over a small region, therefore increasing very little the number of degrees of freedom of the final algebraic system. The numerical results obtained by using the proposed formulation have demonstrated to be very accurate in comparison with either analytical solutions or the other numerical values.
Rossi, Pamela de Mattos. "Os acordos MEC-USAID no Jornal o Estado de S. Paulo (1962 -1973)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21238.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
This dissertation aims to analyze and discuss the news published in the newspaper, O Estado de São Paulo (OESP) from 1962 to 1973, relating to bilateral technical and financial 'help' established between Brazil and United States of America, in order to reform and revamp the country's education in all degrees of education. Through the signing of agreements between the Ministry of Education and Culture and Agency for International Development (USAID), known as, historically, MEC-USAID agreement. To this end, investigates the agreements and representations, as such idea was organizing in terms of speeches produced by OESP. It has been by chance that the journal played the role of a trainer of public consensus making the necessary arrangements for the so stage of national education. For the development of this research, were analyzed one hundred and eighty-six (186) national editions of OESP, considering the following criteria from observation of information from a database: a) categorization of news by main themes; b) analysis of news and editorials, considering the position of OESP newspaper, before and after the civil-military coup (1964). Were also analyzed legal and official documents on the theme. It was notice that OESP centralized discussions around the agreements formulated for Advise and Planning of Higher Education, and fluctuated between criticism and criminalization of movements opposed to the establishment of such agreements, particularly in relation to the National Union of Students (UNE)
Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de analisar e problematizar as matérias publicadas no jornal, O Estado de S. Paulo (OESP) de 1962 a 1973, relativas aos acordos bilaterais de “ajuda” técnica e financeira estabelecidos entre Brasil e Estados Unidos da América, visando à reforma e a reformulação da educação do país em todos os graus de ensino, por meio da assinatura de acordos firmados entre o Ministério da Educação e Cultura e Agency for International Development (USAID), denominados, historicamente, como “Acordos MEC-USAID”. Para tal, investiga-se as representações lançadas sobre os acordos e como tal ideia foi organizada no plano dos discursos produzidos pelo jornal OESP. Tem-se por hipótese que o periódico desempenhou o papel de formador de consenso público tornando os acordos imprescindíveis para o então estágio da educação nacional. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foram analisadas cento e oitenta e seis (186) edições nacionais de OESP, pensando os seguintes critérios, a partir de observação de informações de um banco de dados: a) categorização das matérias por temas principais; b) análise das matérias e editoriais, considerando o posicionamento do jornal OESP, antes e depois do golpe civil-militar (1964). Também foram analisados documentos oficiais de ordem jurídica e relativa ao tema. Percebeu-se que OESP centralizou os debates em torno dos acordos formulados para Assessoria e Planejamento do Ensino Superior, e oscilou entre a crítica e criminalização dos movimentos contrários ao estabelecimento dos referidos acordos, principalmente em relação ao movimento estudantil universitário liderado pela União Nacional dos Estudantes (UNE)
Gonzaga, Ariane Salgado. "Caracteriza??o mec?nica, termodin?mica e qu?mica dos fios CuNiTi comerciais." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM SA?DE COLETIVA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23470.
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Introdu??o: Os fios Copper Ni-Ti (CuNiTi) possuem indica??es de uso cl?nico espec?ficas, e por esse motivo deveriam expressar as caracter?sticas mec?nicas e termodin?micas informadas pelos fabricantes. Com a queda da patente de produ??o, estes fios passaram a ser manufaturados por diversas empresas com grande varia??o de pre?o, processo de fabrica??o e possivelmente de qualidade. Objetivos: Com a finalidade de verificar as propriedades desses fios, este trabalho se prop?s a caracterizar mec?nica, termodin?mica e quimicamente fios CuNiTi comerciais. Materiais e M?todos: A amostra foi constitu?da de 40 arcos pr?-contornados, termodin?micos com adi??o de cobre, espessura de 0.017? x 0.025? com temperatura Af de 35?C, de 5 fabricantes, American Orthodontics? (G1), Eurodonto? (G2), Morelli? (G3), Ormco? (G4) e Orthometric? (G5), sendo 8 fios de cada um. Os fios foram submetidos a um teste de padroniza??o das suas dimens?es, ensaios de tra??o, MEV-EDS e ensaio de calorimetria diferencial (DSC). Devido ? pequena variabilidade inerente aos testes mec?nicos com fios, foram utilizados testes param?tricos (ANOVA OneWay e p?s teste de Tukey), considerando o n?vel de signific?ncia de 5%. Resultados: Todos os fios apresentaram dimens?es padronizadas de 0.017?x0.025?. Ao ensaio de tra??o, todos apresentaram comportamento superel?stico com taxa SE superior a 8 e as seguintes m?dias de plat? de for?a ? G1 36,49N; G2 27,34N; G3 19,24N; G4 37,54N; e G5 17,87N. No ensaio DSC, as m?dias de Af para G1 (29,40?C), G2 (29,13?C) e G3 (31,43?C), tiveram p>0,05 entre si. G4 (32,77?C) e G5 (35,17?C) apresentaram diferen?as estatisticamente significativas entre si e entre os outros grupos, com p<0,05. No ensaio MEV-EDS amostras apresentaram os elementos Ni, Ti, Cu e Al em concentra??es diferentes. Conclus?o: Todos os fios apresentam comportamento superel?stico. Os fios do grupo G5 foram os ?nicos a apresentar temperatura Af semelhante a indicada pelo fabricante. O G5 e o G3 apresentaram os menores ?ndices de plat? de for?a durante a desativa??o. O Cu ? fundamental para estabilizar a TTRs, contudo em ligas n?o equiatomicas uma maior concentra??o de Al parece ser fundamental para elevar a temperatura de transi??o.
Introduction: Copper Ni-Ti (CuNiTi) wires have indications of specific clinical use and should therefore express the mechanical and thermodynamic characteristics reported by manufacturers. With the fall of the production patent, several companies began to manufacture these wires with great variation of price, process of manufacture and possibly of quality. Objectives: In order to verify the properties of these wires, this work aims to characterize mechanically, thermodynamically and chemically CuNiTi commercial wires. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 40 precontoured, thermodynamic arches with addition of copper, dimensions of 0.017 "x 0.025" with Af temperature of 35?C, from 5 manufacturers, American Orthodontics? (G1), Eurodonto? (G2), Morelli? (G3), Ormco? (G4) e Orthometric? (G5), 8 wires of each one. The wires underwent a standardization test of their dimensions, tensile tests, MEV-EDS and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test. Due to the small variability inherent of the mechanical tests in wires, parametric tests (ANOVA OneWay and Tukey post test) were used, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: All wires presented standardized dimensions of 0.017 "x0.025". In the tensile test, all presented superelastic behavior with SE rate higher than 8 and the following means of force plateau - G1 36,49N; G2 27,34N; G3 19,24N; G4 37,54N; e G5 17,87N. In the DSC assay, the means of Af for G1 (29.40?C), G2 (29.13?C) and G3 (31.43?C), had p>0.05 relative to each other. G4 (32.77?C) and G5 (35.17?C) presented statistically significant differences between themselves and among the other groups, with p <0.05. MEV-EDS assay for all samples presented Ni, Ti, Cu and Al in different concentrations. Conclusion: All wires have superelastic behavior. G5 wires were the only ones having an Af temperature similar to that indicated by the manufacturer. G5 and G3 showed the lowest plateau means during deactivation. Cu is fundamental to stabilize the TTRs, however in non-equiatomic alloys a higher concentration of Al seems to be fundamental to raise the transition temperature.
Bezerra, H?lida Maria. "Preven??o de pneumonia associada ? ventila??o mec?nica - uma oportunidade de melhoria." MESTRADO PROFISSIONAL GEST?O DA QUALIDADE EM SERVI?OS DE SA?DE, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23632.
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Objetivo: Aumentar a ades?o ?s pr?ticas de preven??o de pneumonias associadas ? ventila??o mec?nica (PAV) em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI), atrav?s de um ciclo de melhoria interno. Metodologia: Foi aplicado um ciclo de melhoria da qualidade com desenho quase experimental do tipo antes e depois em duas UTI de um hospital p?blico no nordeste do Brasil, com um total de 19 leitos. Foram estabelecidos nove crit?rios de qualidade relacionados com a preven??o de PAV e um indicador composto com os quais se avaliou o n?vel basal de qualidade e posteriormente mais duas avalia??es subsequentes com intervalos de quatro meses buscando medir as poss?veis melhorias adquiridas nesses per?odos. O Gr?fico de Pareto foi utilizado para representar a frequ?ncia de n?o cumprimentos de cada crit?rio avaliado nos tr?s momentos. Utilizou-se o c?lculo de estima??o pontual e o intervalo de confian?a (95%) para a medi??o dos crit?rios. Para quantificar a efetividade da interven??o, calculou-se a melhoria absoluta e relativa, al?m da significa??o estat?stica da melhoria absoluta mediante o teste unilateral do valor de z. Resultados: Ocorreu uma ligeira melhoria em todos os crit?rios quando comparadas as duas primeiras avalia??es, por?m nesta compara??o inicial, apenas um crit?rio apresentou melhora estatisticamente significante (p<0,05). Na segunda compara??o feita entre a 1? e 3? avalia??es, os resultados revelaram melhora no cumprimento de quase todos os crit?rios, onde dos nove crit?rios estabelecidos, oito obtiveram melhora, sendo seis com melhora estatisticamente significante (p < 0,05), dois com melhora sem signific?ncia e em um crit?rio houve piora no percentual de cumprimento. O indicador composto, que resume todos os crit?rios avaliados, obteve uma melhora significativa de quase 40% (p<0,05) na segunda compara??o. Conclus?es: A implanta??o de ciclos internos de melhoria constitui-se em importante ferramenta de gest?o da qualidade para incorpora??o de boas pr?ticas para preven??o de PAV em UTI.
Objective: To increase adherence of the preventive practices concerning Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in intensive care units (ICU), through an internal improvement cycle. Methodology: A quality improvement cycle, quasi-experimental design before-after was applied in two ICUs of a public hospital in the northeast of Brazil, with a total of 19 beds. Nine quality criteria related to the prevention of VAP were established and a composite indicator with which to assess the baseline level of quality and later two more subsequent assessments at intervals of four months seeking measure possible improvements acquired during these periods. The Pareto chart was used to represent the frequency of non-compliance of each criterion assessed in three moments. It was used the point estimation and the confidence interval (95%) for the measurement of the criteria. To quantify the effectiveness of the intervention, it calculated the absolute and relative improvement, beyond the statistical significance of the absolute improvement through unilateral test value of z. Results: There was a slight improvement on all criteria when comparing the first two assessments, but this initial comparison, only one criteria showed a statistically significant improvement (p <0.05). In the second comparison between the 1st and 3rd evaluations, the results showed improvement in the performance of all the criteria almost, where the nine established criteria, eight showed improvement, and six with a statistically significant improvement (p <0.05), with two improvement without significance and one criteria has worsened in the percentage of compliance. The composite indicator, which summarizes all the criteria evaluated, obtained a significant improvement of almost 40% (p<0.05) in the second comparison. Conclusions: The implementation of an internal improvement cycle was an important tool in quality management for the adoption of best practices for the prevention of VAP in ICU.
Chaves, Let?cia Virginia de Freitas. "Comp?sitos Bulk Fill flu?dos versus resinas compostas tradicionais: comportamento mec?nico." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM SA?DE COLETIVA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24092.
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Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES)
Objetivos: Avaliar a profundidade de polimeriza??o (PP), tens?o de contra??o (TC), resist?ncia flexural (RF), m?dulo de elasticidade (ME) e a resist?ncia de uni?o (RU) de tr?s comp?sitos Bulk Fill fluidos em compara??o a comp?sitos tradicionais de alta viscosidade. Metodologia: Tr?s comp?sitos Bulk fill fluidos (Filtek BKF, Surefil SDR, X-tra Base) e tr?s tradicionais ( Z250 XT, Grandioso, TPH3) foram utilizados. Para RF/ME, 60 amostras (n=10) em forma de barra (7 mm x 2 mm x 1 mm) foram confeccionadas e avaliadas por meio de uma M?quina de Ensaios Universal (MEU). Para PP e RU, cavidades c?nicas (n=10) preparadas em dentina bovina foram restauradas com os materiais. A PP foi analisada atrav?s da raz?o base/topo de microdureza de superf?cie e a RU pelo teste de push-out numa MEU. A TC foi mensurada em incremento ?nico das Bulk Fill e dois incrementos para as tradicionais em MEU acoplada a um extens?metro (n=5). Os dados foram estatisticamente avaliados por meio dos testes ANOVA 2 fatores e Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados: Para ME, as resinas convencionais apresentaram maiores valores diante de todas as resinas BKF, no entanto para a RF elas foram iguais, com exce??o apenas da BKF da VOCO que foi inferior. Para a PP convencionais e BKF foram estatisticamente semelhantes. Na TC e na RU as BKF apresentaram-se superiores as convencionais, tamb?m com exce??o apenas da Xtra Base Bulk Fill (VOCO) que foi estatisticamente igual as convencionais na RU. Conclus?o: As resinas Bulk Fill flu?das testadas BKF e SDR apresentaram as propriedades mec?nicas testadas superiores ou iguais aos comp?sitos tradicionais, exceto o m?dulo de elasticidade.
Objectives: To evaluate depth of polimerization (DP), contraction strress (SC), flexural strenght (FS), elastic modulus (EM) and bond strength (BS) of three low-viscosity Bulk Fill composites resin compare as of high-viscosity traditional composites. Methods: Three Bulk fill composites (Filtek BKF, Surefil SDR, X-tra Base) and three traditional ( Z250 XT, Grandioso, TPH3) were used. For FS/ME, 60 (n=10) bar specimens (7 mm x 2 mm x 1 mm) were prepared and evaluated with Universal Testing Machine (UTM). For DP e BS, conical cavities (n=10) were prepared in bovine dentine and restored with materials. DP was analyzed trough the ratio base/top with microhardness of surface and BS on the push-out test in UTM. SC was measured for to increment one of Bulk Fill Resins and two increments of traditional resins in UTM attached to a extensometer (n=5). The data were statistically evaluated by ANOVA 2-way/Tukey (p<0,05). Results: For EM the conventional resins show higher values compare to all the BKF resins, however for the FS they were the same, except for only the VOCO Bulk Fill that was inferior. For the PP, conventional and BKF were statistically similar. In TC and in BS the BKF were superior to conventional, also with the exception of Xtra Base Bulk Fill (VOCO), which was statistically the same as the conventional ones in the BS. Conclusion: The Bulk Fill composites resin BKF and SDR present most of property physical and mechanical higher or similar than traditional composites, except the elastic modulus.
Costa, Bianca Silva. "O ensino superior na ditadura militar brasileira: um olhar através da "Revista MEC"." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/3982.
Full textThis paper has as objective to analyze how the University Reform implanted in 1968 was published in the “Revista MEC”. For this, were considered the context of creation of this magazine, some political, economical and educational elements from Brazilian dictatorial regime elements. It is also considered the main history and institutional regulations of this Reform.
Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar de que maneira a Reforma Universitária implantada em 1968 foi publicada na “Revista MEC”. Para tanto, foram considerados o contexto de criação deste periódico, alguns elementos políticos, econômicos e educacionais do regime ditatorial brasileiro, além dos principais antecedentes e medidas institucionais desta Reforma.
Aguiar, Eduardo Alipio Paulino de. "O processo de compras compartilhadas do MEC : estudo sobre a figura do “carona”." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2012. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/12036.
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Os gastos realizados com recurso público, ao contrário da iniciativa privada, não podem ser despendidos livremente. As despesas devem se pautar pela necessária vinculação ao interesse público. No que diz respeito às compras governamentais, a administração deverá se submeter a um procedimento licitatório visando assegurar a igualdade de condições a todos os concorrentes e selecionar a proposta mais vantajosa para o contrato de seu interesse. Nas aquisições frequentes e com imprevisibilidade de consumo, sempre que possível, os gestores deverão se utilizar do sistema de registro de preços, conjunto de procedimentos decorrentes de uma concorrência ou de um pregão, destinados ao registro formal de preços relativos à prestação de serviços e à aquisição de bens. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever o processo de Compras Compartilhadas do Ministério da Educação por meio do Sistema de Registro de Preços com a participação do carona. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de caso junto à Divisão de Registro de Preços (DRP), setor responsável por gerir as Atas de Registro de Preços e pelas adesões a essas atas. A coleta de dados foi feita utilizando-se os documentos do setor. Além disso, foram entrevistados os gestores responsáveis pelos pregões e adesões. Os dados encontrados demonstram que a participação do “carona” em Atas de Registros de Preços deveria ser melhor regulamentada. Após isso, o “carona” eventual atenderia aos princípios administrativos e se beneficiaria do ganho de escala. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
The spending on public resource, unlike the private sector cannot be spent freely. Expenses must be guided by the necessary link to the public interest. Regarding government procurement, administration should undergo into a bidding process to ensure the same level of playing field for all competitors and select the lowest bid for the contract of its interest. The acquisitions and frequent unpredictability of consumption, where possible, managers should be using the system of record prices, a set of procedures resulting from a competition or an auction - for the formal record price for the provision of services and purchase of goods. The Ministry of Education through that system, together with the agencies related to education, achieved with the use of this instrument the reduction of large storage structures, reduced the number of bids required and costs. This paper aims to describe the process of Shared Purchasing through a System of Registered Prices in 2009 with the participation of the “rider”. To this end, it was carried out a case study in the Division of Price Registration (DPR), responsible for managing the sector Division of Price Registration and the accessions to these minutes. Data collection was made using the documents of the sector. Moreover, the managers responsible from these auctions and adhesions were interviewed. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The obtained data showed that the participation of the “rider” in Minutes Record Prices should be better regulated. After that, the eventual “rider” would meet the administrative principles and would benefit from gain of scale.