Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mécanisme de forage'
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Onaisi, Atef. "Mécanismes de rupture d'une plaque percée en mécanique des roches en relation avec un forage pétrolier." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECAP0108.
Full textBourgeon, Ludovic. "Etude et modélisation des mécanismes d'endommagement en forge à froid." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00451888.
Full textBalcaen, Yannick. "Etude des mécanismes de déformation du titane T40 en formage incrémental." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00934317.
Full textBalcaen, Yannick. "Étude des mécanismes de déformation du titane T40 en formage incrémental." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2140/.
Full textThe single point Incremental Forming (SPIF) process is an emerging method of sheet metal forming. Unlike to conventional processes which are usually expensive due to tooling and equipment, SPIF involves a small punch with regard to the dimensions of the part and the forming is achieved by piloting the trajectory of the punch. The main obstacle in the development of this technology lies in the difficulty of obtaining precise geometries. The objective of this work is to bring a better understanding of the process, by an original dual experimental approach that aims to link the forming of the part by FI with the microstructural response of the material, here a pure titanium T40. The mechanical and kinematic approach of the process is based on one hand on the measurement of kinematic fields using digital image correlation on the parts surface, and on the other hand on the measurement of the forming forces throughout the forming. Various global strain states of the formed part and local strain state induced by the punch have then been highlighted. Besides, development of strain in the material and forming forces have been linked to several forming parameters. Microstructural analysis of strained sheets were performed using scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (SEM-TEM and X-rays diffraction (XRD). Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) characterization of microstructures highlighted twinning as an accommodation of the process generated strain, the activated twinning systems and their occurrence depending on the strain orientation and level. Observation of the dislocations arrangements in TEM allowed revealing another microstructural signature of the IF on T40
Sorlier, Lefort Elodie. "Développement d'un procédé de graduation des carbures cémentés WC-Co basé sur l'imbibition, amélioration de la durée de vie des taillants de forage." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP1620.
Full textLe, Phuoc Hao. "Comportement des roches autour d'un forage : cas particulier de deux calcaires poreux." Grenoble 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE10164.
Full textMiguez, Roberto. "Etude du discage : application à la détermination des contraintes in situ lorsque le forage n'est pas chargé." Lille 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL10192.
Full textKhelifa, Mourad. "Simulation numérique de l'endommagement en formage de structures minces." Troyes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TROY0013.
Full textThis work deals with the study of a advanced approach for the modelling and the numérical simulation of sheet metal forming processes in order to optimize their technological parameters with respect to the ductile damage occurence. The strong coupling between the anisotropic plastic behaviour with mixed kinematic and isotropic hardening and the ductile damage based on the thermodynamics of the irreversible processes with state variables is used. The theoretical and numerical aspects of the used formulation are described in details. The numerical integration of the model using and iterative implicite scheme combined with the radial return mapping and the reduction of the number of equations is discussed. The equilibrium equations are solved by means of a Static Implicit scheme (SI) or a Dynamic Explicit scheme (DE). An exerimental Database, essentially constitued of specimen tensile tests, is used to identify the model's paramters. In order to validate and to show the strength of the employed methodology to predict with accuracy the damaged zones, numerical simulations of simple and complex sheet metal forming processes are performed. A comparison with experimental results provided by CETIM and ENIM are then carried out. Another comparison between the present methodology and the inverse approach (URCA/GMMS) is also made on some cases
Richard, Julie. "Mécanismes de fluage des failles actives : apport des grands forages et expérimentations de laboratoire." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENU041/document.
Full textCreep is a ductile deformation mechanism affecting many, if not all, active faults. This mechanism is twofold. First, creep may be permanent, i.e. the deformation takes place through time in a continuous and constant manner. Creep may also appear in a more discontinuous manner, commonly associated with post-seismic deformation. Understanding the origin of both types of creep appears closely connected to understanding the succession of the various stages of the seismic cycle. Our approach is based both on the investigation of natural samples and on laboratory experiments. By doing so, we demonstrate that creep results from a combination of several processes themselves interacting with one another, until the promotion of one particular mechanism. We have established that the most important driving parameters to this convergence were the mineralogical composition of the host rock and its damage state. Within the fault, these parameters change with time, depth and distance from the slip zone. Therefore, the creep mechanisms themselves may change according to the parameters above-mentioned. Our micro-structural approach using SAFOD drill core samples from the San Andreas Fault (California) allowed us to unveil a time-lapsed picture of the deformation sequence in this area. Based on these observations, we suggest a conceptual model for the evolution of creep mechanisms. According to this model, creep is maintained within the fault zone either by the crystallization of low-friction minerals (as shown by the SAFOD samples) or by reaching equilibrium between fracturing and healing, thereby maintaining rock strength below the threshold for important stress loading. In the first scenario, our laboratory experiments showed that if the healing processes become dominant, strength heterogeneities appear within the rock. At the fault scale, these heterogeneities would become numerous enough to lead to a major rupture. These experiments are reasonably similar to what is expected for the San Andreas Fault where permanent creep occurs whereas local asperities are seismic
Bouslimani, Hayet. "Dynamique des trains de tiges de forage, étude des instabilités et du contact tige-puits." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0066.
Full textThis work is devoted to the dynamic behaviour of the drill-string in the oil well. During drilling, the weight on bit and the effort of cutting generate an axial load and an axial torque in the drill-string. These stresses include a static component and a dynamic component. The dynamic stresses lead to stiffness periodic in time. The equations of the motion consist of a system of differential equations with periodic coefficients. Two problems are studied: the influence of a periodic axial torque which is able to create unstable phenomenon and the interaction between the drill-string and the well. In the first part, the solution of the equations is carried out by factorizing the periodic terms in the base of the Chebyshev polynomials. An experimental device is used to highlight the vibratory phenomena related to parametric instabilities due to the axial torque. The second part concerns the study of the contact between the drill-string and the well. In some cases, this contact will involve in «chaotic” motions. A mechanical model is proposed: it takes into account the motion of bending and torsion as well as the phenomenon of friction between the drill-string and the well. The comparison of experimental results with mechanical models presented validates the software developed
Challamel, Noël. "Étude de stabilité d'une structure de forage à partir du processus de destruction de la roche." ENSMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0930.
Full textJendoubi, Fathi. "Amélioration de l'interprétation des diagraphies en cours de forage pour la reconnaissance des terrains de subsurface." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR10607.
Full textYang, Jian. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation du formage superplastiqued'un alliage d'aluminium Al7475." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers - ENSAM, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01066381.
Full textFundenberger, Jean-Jacques. "Contribution à l'étude de l'aptitude au formage d'alliages de symétrie hexagonale." Metz, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1992/Fundenberger.Jean_Jacques.SMZ9239.pdf.
Full textFor deep drawing of thin sheets, the stress state has to be in such a way that the deformation is permanent, and the defromation state has to remain below the necking or the fracture. The yield loci (YL) and the forming limit diagrams (FLD) define the two limit states in wich the material stays during deep drawing. The calculation of yield loci is carried out using a Taylor model of plastic deformation together with the orientation distribution function (ODF) wich represents the crystallographic texture. The definition of yield loci in the case of hexagonal symmetry alloys has been applied to two titanium alloys, one zirconium alloy and one zinc alloy. The results of the modelling has been compared to the experimental values in the case of the variation of the yield stress and of the plastic strain ratio in the sheet plane. The prediction and the measurement of the texture evolution during cold rolling has been compared, and the effect of the latent hardening has been pointed out. The results obtained with a static model, are in agreement with those obtained with a Taylor model. In order to verify that the critical resolved shear stresses are indenpendent of the model, we have to use other models (i. E. Self-consistent). The experimentalFLD were plotted for four alloys. The FLD calculations were carried out using the Marciniak, Kuczynski approach in wich the yield loci were used as plastic criterion. The theorical and the experimental results were compared
Berviller, Laurent. "Conception et fabrication integrees de produits forges « net shape » : application aux differentiels forges." Paris, ENSAM, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENAM0005.
Full textThe work showed in this paper concern the integrated design of high series mechanicals products. The aim of this project is to increase products performances. To reach this goal, it is important to understand the context of this study. First of all, relations between the customer and the supplier are moving. The main consequence of this change is the transfer of the design step from the customer to the supplier. Moreover, we can observe an evolution of the forge process with the development of high dimensional quality forged components (“Net Shape”) for automotive industry. Our design analyse of forged parts shows the potentialities of those new process are not completely exploited today. This observation led us to create an integrated design approach including manufacture and product functionality control. This one is intuitive because, we think it is essential to adapt our work to the application. Thus, the method can be summarized in three main steps: the analyse of existing activities, the identification and knowledge acquisition to improve products and to finish, the structuring and the capitalization of those knowledge. We have applied the approach to differential forged gears. Thanks to this method, we have created an original gear geometry taking in consideration forge process constraints and potentialities. Moreover, we have highlighted the necessity to develop a specific mechanical dimensioning. The method we have created was tested on two industrial project of new differential design.
Mariage, Jean-François. "Simulation numérique de l'endommagement ductile en formage de pièces massives." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004667.
Full textDaouben, Estelle. "Compréhension des mécanismes d'endommagement en surface des outils de forge à chaud : effets des lubrifiants." Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/098afdfd-84bc-42ce-801d-630af646d436.
Full textThe conditions of contact and friction encountered in hot forging generate important thermo mechanical stresses which induce various damaging modes on the tools. The principal objective of the thesis aims at quantifying the capacity of the lubricants to reduce or delay these damages. First, the choice of a laboratory friction test allowing the tribological characterization applied to hot steel working is presented and justified. The methodology of use of the test bench is detailed. Results provided by the friction test are presented as performance pointers, allowing quantifying the capacities of the lubricant to reduce friction or to protect work piece and tool surfaces. Second, a first series of tests is run. Results show the reliability and the robustness of the test bench, in particular in terms of sensitivity and repeatability. Finally, a second series of tests is performed. It leads to the qualification of the graphite aqueous solutions, used as lubricant in hot forging of steels. The results present the performances of the graphite lubricants according to their composition (grain size distribution, binder), their spraying technique, and the mechanical loadings they undergo
Slimani, Faouzi. "Modélisation mécanique des aptitudes de formage à chaud des structures minces avec remaillage adaptatif." Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0012.
Full textThe experimental and numerical investigations conducted in this study provide an input in the identification and experimental procedure of thin sheet structure forming. The uniaxial tensile tests at ambient temperature and heat have given some interesting information about the effect of physical parameters involved in the thermo-hydroforming process. By varying the type of material, with increase in temperature leads to an increase in stress and elongation for the annealed aluminum and a remarkable increase in stress for mild steel, stainless steel and aluminum semi hard. Also these tests at moderate temperature improve the formability of the material. The second tests series concern the hydro bulging tests at high temperature of free expansion sheet or the sheet hydroforming with different die geometry. The obtained results of circular and elliptical specimens showed that the thickness decreases with increasing temperature and especially in the areas of plastic instability. Side of the numerical results of determining the parameters of strain hardening, anisotropy and damage are optimized using specific algorithms to each stage. Numerical simulation is made with adaptive remeshing to minimize the computation time and improves the predicted results
Michel, Jean-François. "Modélisation mécanique et simulation numérique de la mise en forme des structures en très faibles dimensions." Besançon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BESA2064.
Full textThe work carried out the development of new criteria for the detection of necking/bursting and wrinkling/buckling defects during hydroforming and stamping of thin components. Localised necking is looked as an instability of material flow. To predict such instability, a Linear Stability Analysis (LSA) by perturbation method is chosen. The initial 2D approach has been extended to a more realistic 3D modelling. This analysis allows considering new instability modes. Moreover, the developed criterion has been improved by the determination of the instability threshold that differentiates absolute instability and effective instability. Forming Limit Curves are built to look at the influence of some material parameters on tensile defects. The LSA applied to a pure bending test shows that necking can not occur on such a test. About wrinkling, this defect does not seem to be an instability phenomenon but a bifurcation one. In this work, a new analysis based on plate equilibrium is developed. Moreover, the Nordlund & Häggblad qualitative analysis is considered. A third criterion has been developed in annex. The necking/bursting and wrinkling/buckling analyses have been integrated in the simulation code POLYFOFORMâ. The influence of stamping and hydroforming processes and material parameters on the defects prediction during simulation is shown. Experimental validation of the prediction has been realised on a tube hammering hydroforming process. The influence of the new process parameters on defects occurrence is looked at
Belaid, Abedessalem. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle du comportement mécanique de la garniture de forage dans les puits à trajectoires complexes : application à la prédiction des frottements garniture-puits." Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1323.
Full textDrilling an oil well rapidly and at lower cost is now becoming a challenge in the drilling industry. To face and carry out this challenge, a good design of the drilling installation is essential. Therefore, predicting correctly friction losses, known as “Torque&Drag”, between the drill string and the borehole is a major asset especially for directional wells with complex trajectories. The existing models of friction calculation show some weaknesses in the case of complex trajectory wells. A new mechanical model of friction calculations inside complex trajectory wells was developed and validated. This model uses a 3D method of wellpath calculations called “Minimum of Torsion” that includes two geometric parameters: curvature and torsion. Unlike traditional models, which assume that the drilling structure lies, by gravity, on the low side of the borehole and often neglect the stiffness of the drill string, the new “Stiff String” model calculates the deformation state of the drilling assembly inside the hole via an iterative contact algorithm. Furthermore, the new model, by using a direct integration method of equilibrium equations, is much more faster than other one solved with finite element method. A comparison with the widely used “Soft String” model was carried out on several actual and theoretical wells. The comparison shows that the new model rectify many weaknesses of the existing model. Confrontations with measured data, in the case of wells having smooth trajectory (low tortuosity), show agreement of both models with field measurements. However the new model has better friction losses prediction when wellpath tortuosity increases
Ringeval, Sylvain. "Microstructures et textures d'alliages d'aluminium déformés par forgeage croisé (compression multidirectionnelle)." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EMSE0009.
Full textA new cross-forging device has been developed to enable high strain deformations up to 450°C. Its main advantage is the control of the deformation temperature by means of an original flip mechanism which avoids temperature variations between each compression. Cross-forging tests have been carried out on two polycrystalline aluminium alloys (AA 3103 and AlMgScZr) and on Al-0,3%Mn single crystals over large temperature and strain rate ranges, up to a cumulative strain of about 3. The results were characterised in terms of rheology, microstructures and textures, and a comparison with plane strain compression tests established. Original 3D texture simulations (Taylor model combined with a grain interaction scheme) enabled us to explain some experimental results, namely the rapid stress saturation observed for the polycrystalline alloys strained below 200°C, and the appearance during the test of three texture components (unit cell flip of 45° around each of the three axes)
Courtois, Philippe. "Application des éléments cinématiques au calcul du forgeage de pièces en déformations planes ou axisymétriques." Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10025.
Full textDesayes, Chrystel. "Caractérisation et interprétation d'un volume rocheux fracturé à partir de données de forages : les forages géothermiques de Soultz-sous-Forêts et autres exemples d'échantillonnages unidirectionnels." Chambéry, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995CHAMS023.
Full textDavoodi, Behnam. "Etude du comportement quasi-statique et dynamique des matériaux métalliques à haute température : simulation numérique du formage à chaud." Rennes, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAR0010.
Full textThe objective of this thesis lies within the general scope of searching constitutive equations for simulation of hot metal forming at high strain rate. In particular, we are interested in studying the dynamic behavior of aluminum 5083 by utilizing the shpb system for identification of the constitutive equation parameters at high strain rates and high temperatures. A new specimen in the form of a halter is introduced to facilitate the shpb test at an elevated temperature. The ability of this specimen to maintain its temperature, relative to the cylindrical specimen, between the cut-off of the heating device and prior to the impact of the striker, with or without contact with the pressure bars, has been studied via both experimental tests and finite element methods. The form of the specimen was optimized by comparing all the results obtained in experiments and by simulation. The parameters for all material models are identified from experimental data by using the inverse analysis method. For validation of the material model, shpb test is simulated at various strain rates and various temperatures. The explicit finite element code abaqus is used in these simulations. The validation methodology used here is to compare the recorded strain gauge histories measured on the pressure bars with the histories of the simulated strain gauges. Finally, an example is presented, where the process of hot forming of aluminum panels of airplanes is simulated and studied via fe modeling
Oulahna, Ahmed. "Etude du comportement du grès rouge de Wildmoor. Application à l'analyse de stabilité d'un forage pétrolier en cours de creusement et de production." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENPC9622.
Full textThis study concerns the mechanical behaviour and the failure conditions of a reservoir rock (red Wildmoor sandstone) Several stress paths, in axisymetric conditions (uniaxial and triaxial compression tests, extension tests), have allowed to characterize the constitutive behaviour of the rock. The material damage is quantified through triaxial compression tests with loading and unloading cycles. The constitutive law developed takes into account the stress and damage dependency of the leastic parameters. The plastic hebaviour of the rock is described by a non-linear Mohr-Coulomb criteria which takes into account the pressure dependency of the plastic parameters (friction and dilatancy coefficient). It involves an isotropic friction hardening phase and a kinematic cohesion softening one. This constitutive model is extended to non-coaxial plasticity theory for appropriate prediction of strain localization. Borehole stability during the drilling phase and the production phase is studied. This involves the developpement of a code to compute the stress field around the borehole during drilling and oil production. The study of the occurrence of various instabiity modes (shear band formation, surface instability) has shown promineately the influence of the dilatancy of the rock, the depth of the borehole and the pressure gradient applied at the borehole wall during production
Traversa, Paola. "Réponse sismique à un forçage magmatique." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00458918.
Full textMichel, Bruno. "Modélisation thermo-elasto-visco-plastique de procédés de formage des métaux." Lyon, INSA, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ISAL0101.
Full textDifferent finite element formulations for plastic flow during metal forming are proposed : - with visco-plastic behaviour with penalty method or Lagrange multiplier ; -with elasto-visco-plastic behaviour. The heat balance equation is solved also with a finite element formulation for convection and radiation boundary conditions. Finally, the mechanical and thermal formulation are coupled and implemented in a metal forming simulation software
Barreau, Matthieu. "Stability analysis of coupled ordinary differential systems with a string equation : application to a drilling mechanism." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30058.
Full textThis thesis is about the stability analysis of a coupled finite dimensional system and an infinite dimensional one. This kind of systems emerges in the physics since it is related to the modeling of structures for instance. The generic analysis of such systems is complex, mainly because of their different nature. Here, the analysis is conducted using different methodologies. First, the recent Quadratic Separation framework is used to deal with the frequency aspect of such systems. Then, a second result is derived using a Lyapunov-based argument. All the results are obtained considering the projections of the infinite dimensional state on a basis of polynomials. It is then possible to take into account the coupling between the two systems. That results in tractable and reliable numerical tests with a moderate conservatism. Moreover, a hierarchy on the stability conditions is shown in the Lyapunov case. The real application to a drilling mechanism is proposed to illustrate the efficiency of the method and it opens new perspectives. For instance, using the notion of practical stability, we show that a PI-controlled drillstring is subject to a limit cycle and that it is possible to estimate its amplitude
Colin, Aurélie. "Hétérogénéités de déformation au cours du forgeage d'aubes en alliage de titane TA6V." Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EMSE0011.
Full textShear bands may occur during hot forging of titanium alloy blades in the / range. They are characterised by intense textures, huge stretching of part of primary nodules along the direction of macroscopic lengthening and by a non negligible phase transformation. Instrumented forging tests showed that an increase in the intensity of shearing is associated with an increase of applied strain and strain rate, a decrease of the heating temperature and a heterogeneous initial temperature within the piece. In addition, a numerical simulation carried out with Abaqus, associated with a user subroutine Vumat to define the material behaviour gave information about the mechanical parameters within the bands : intense localisation of strain, strain rate and temperature and low stress linked to the material softening. Finally a criterion of evolution was set up in order to detect the onset and the development of shear bands
Hamdi-Bellini, Radia. "Comportement quasi-statique et dynamique des aciers pour frappe et forge à froid." Compiègne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997COMP1018.
Full textCabrol, Elodie. "Étude et compréhension des mécanismes d'endommagement de surface de matrices de forgeage à chaud rechargées." Thesis, Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EMAC0012.
Full textIn the field of hot forging of aeronautical parts, the steel dies are commonly hardfaced, on few millimeters thick, by a cobalt-based alloy (Stellite 21) deposited by arc welding (MIG). As part of this thesis, this "classic" hardfacing is compared to Stellite 21 and Stellite 6 hardfacings deposited by two emerging processes in this area, the PTA and the LASER one. The objective is to assess surface damage mechanisms, especially induced by plastic strain, of these various hardfacings. Tribological tests (laboratory and semi-industrial) were used to create surface damage comparable to those observed in industrial dies. Associated with these tests, multiscale microstructural, structural and mechanical investigations have been performed (tensile, bending, microhardness, OM, SEM, STEM, XRD, EBSD). According to the « material/process » couple, plastic strain mechanisms by perfect dislocation glide and by FCC to HCP phase transformation have been identified. The activation of the latter has been connected to the temperature of the allotropic phase transformation (FCC/HCP) in cobalt. This temperature depends on (i) the alloying elements, varying according to the deposited grade (Cr, C, ...), (ii) the dilution (Fe content evolution) connected to the welding parameters and (iii) the number of deposited layer. Moreover, a significant influence of the phase transformation on the evolution of the friction coefficient has been evidenced. Indeed, if the phase transformation is not observed, the friction coefficient is stable during the test, while a drop of the friction coefficient curve is connected with the FCC to HCP phase transformation. Moreover, the plastic flow of dendrites is observed at the extreme surface, on a few tens of micrometres in thickness, in the direction of sliding. It is associated with a high morphologic and crystallographic texturing of the identified phase (FCC or HCP), with the highest atomic density planes mostly oriented parallel to the sliding surface. The results also show that, under tribological laodings, a significant hardening is observed on the surface (up to 90%) and a correlation has been established between the increase in the microhardness and the plastic deformation ratio
Amokrane, Kamel. "Contribution à l'analyse statistique des diagraphies instantanées en génie civil." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10521.
Full textMorestin, Fabrice. "L'informatique au service de la mécanique des solides." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, INSA de Lyon, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00462330.
Full textSegal, Anne. "Élaboration d'un modèle microstatistique linéaire de la rupture fragile et application à la stabilité des forages profonds." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ECAP0113.
Full textKhoury, Ibrahim. "Optimisation de la géométrie de l'outillage pour les procédés de forgeage." Troyes, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TROY0012.
Full textIn the forging field, numerical simulation allows reducing the use of the experimental investigation and tests required in a real tryout process. In The LASMIS laboratory a finite element package has been developed to solve elasto-visco-plasticity problems with ductile damage in large deformation. In the optimisation of forming process, several research teams approached the optimization of performs. They don’t take into account the apparition of damage during the simulation of the forging process. The thesis objective is to identify the pertinent geometric parameters of axisymetric parts which allow the minimisation of the forging energy. The two major criteria’s are the correct filling and the absence of damage appearance. In this work, two automatic procedures are introduced to test the filling by comparing geometry of the rough forged and the machined one. Then a procedure has been set to localize if the damage occurs in zones that will be machined or in zones that are inside the machined forged part. Then, a semi automatic optimization method is described in order to study the effect of the geometric parameters on the forging energy with the constraint of maximal value of damage to be kept out of the final machined part. The originality of this work is the study of the effect of the geometrical parameters with technological significations on the forging energy and the appearance and the localization of the damage in the forged part
Gouache, Thibault. "Forage alternatif dual de régolithe extra-terrestre : évolution d'une solution bio-inspirée." Toulouse, ISAE, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ESAE0011.
Full textBourdin, Jean-Philippe. "Approche numérique pour la conception de structures spatiales obtenues par formage revenu." Compiègne, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999COMP1219.
Full textLaage, de Meux Benoît de. "Modélisation des écoulements turbulents en rotation et en présence de transferts thermiques par approche hybride RANS/LES zonale." Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/74/35/42/PDF/these_de_Laage.pdf.
Full textThe numerical simulation of turbulent flows in cooling system of hydrau- lic pumps sealing requires considering large computational domains and long integration times. The zonal hybrid RANS/LES modelling of turbulence could deal with such appli- cations, in order to reproduce the whole thermal and dynamical phenomena of the flow, with a computational cost compatible with industrial studies. This approach aims at pro- perly interfacing a Large Eddy Simulation (LES), which provides an accurate unsteady description of turbulence in some critical regions of the flow, with the statistical RANS approach, less demanding in computational resources, applied in the whole remaining fluid domain in order to take into account the imposed global variations of the flow (cool water injection in hot water, shaft and rotor rotation,. . . ). To this end, a detailed study of tur- bulence models appropriate for rotating flows is presented, following both the RANS and the LES approaches. Numerous turbulence models are compared in the rotating channel flow test case. The zonal coupling at boundary faces using the Synthetic Eddy Method (SEM) is studied and an innovative volumic coupling using a source term on overlapping RANS/LES area, the Anisotropic Linear Forcing, is proposed. For the first time, these two coupling methods are extended to heat transfer. The present zonal hybrid RANS/LES computations of static or rotating channel flows in isothermal or forced convection regimes, show the applicability of such modelling for industrial studies
Falipou, Marc. "Tribologie du contact verre-métal à haute température : Application au formage du verre creux." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1998. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1752_mfalipou.pdf.
Full textThe hollow glass forming process requires a periodic lubrication of the metallic parts in contact with glass. As this lubrication induces many process defects, the objective of this study is to propose new outlooks in order to reduce it to 48 hours. A first step consists in building experimental tools, on the basis of the examination of the present industrial system, dedicated to the tribological study of two different contacts. The first tool, called loading sensor, allows the in vivo investigation (directly on the forming machine) of the dynamic contact, representative of the loading step of the parison inside the blank mould. A complementary mechanical modelling justifies the pertinence of this apparatus. A second tool, called glass press apparatus, allows to investigate at a laboratory scale the glass to metal sticking phenomenon representative of the blank demoulding. A second step exposes the experimental results obtained with model and industrial substrates, in both dynamic and static situations. We observe that those contacts are essentially dependant on three parameters : the formation process of a transition layer between the glass and the metallic oxides coming from the substrate, the thickness of this oxide layer, and at least in the case of the dynamic contact, the surface morphology of the substrate. The formation kinetic of the transition layer depends on the nature of the oxides at the interface and on the glass viscosity. All the experimental observations, linked with the glass moulding material requirements, finally allow to formulate industrial proposals
Ly, Rith. "Modélisation multi-physique d'actionneurs piézoélectriques et essais d'assistance au forgeage." Thesis, Metz, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010METZ015S/document.
Full textThe work presented concerns the modelling of piezoelectric actuators used as a generator of mechanical vibrations for assistance in shaping bulk materials. The multilayer actuator is set in clamped-free mode and only the direction of longitudinal displacement is considered in the context of this research. The modelling is based on the application of Hamilton principle to establish the equations of motion of the global system. The analytic approach uses a modal composition to solve the equations of operation of the piezoelectric actuator. A transfer function of Multiple-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) systems permits the analysis of the responses in time and frequency domains. The difficulty of the analytical model is to recalculate all the modal data when the boundary conditions are changed. A finite element approach placed along the longitudinal direction of the actuator is also developed. Compared to the analytical model, a study of the accuracy of finite element model function of the number of elements is performed. The two models developed are then coupled to a simplified analytical model of the forging process based on viscoplastic laws in order to model the entire process subject to mechanical vibrations. The main advantage of this model lies in the ability to analyze and optimize the entire process actuator. A comparison between the finite element simulations under Forge2008®, the coupling model and experimental tests is presented. During testing, the piezoelectric actuator fed by Pulse Width Modulated voltage inverter vibrates the lower die at amplitudes ranging from 0 to 80 um and frequencies between 10 and 130Hz. The comparison of experimental results and simulations in the case of upsetting process is encouraging. The modelling of the behaviours of the experimental device constitutes a basic element of a future design tool of vibrating mechanical devices
Germann, Laurent. "Microstructures et comportement mécanique des aluminiures de titane de type TI2ALNB." Paris, ENMP, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENMP1139.
Full textExhibiting good high-temperature mechanical strength, low density, Ti2AlNb-based titanium aluminides are considered as potential materials for aircraft engine. However these intermetallic alloys suffer from a poor room temperature ductility (<1 %). This work in collaboration with DMRL (India) and SNECMA Group consists in the development of new Ti-22Al-25Nb based alloys. The microstructures consist of alpha2-Ti3Al nodules, primary O-Ti2AlNb laths surrounded by a B2 matrix which is hardened by very fine secondary O laths. Mo, Si et Zr are added to improve creep strength and a particular attention is paid to the role of the Al/Nb ratio on mechanical and oxidation properties. New thermomechanical processing schedules are developed in order to promote B2 recrystallisation. Processing maps were especially established. Finally, an optimisation of the microstructures, via appropriate heat treatments, brings the RT ductility in the 6 % range
Jeanson, Anne-Claire. "Identification du comportement mécanique sous sollicitations dynamiques extrêmes : Développement d’une stratégie innovante appliquée au magnétoformage et au formage électrohydraulique." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM013.
Full textHigh speed forming processes such as magnetic pulse forming and electrohydraulic forming are currently developing at the industrial scale. Design of these processes requires numerical simulation to take into account the highly dynamic and multiphysics conditions. To ensure the representativeness of the simulations, there is an important need for relevant data describing the material dynamic behavior.In this study, mechanical tests based on magnetic pulse forming have been developed in order to characterize the dynamic strain hardening of materials in the form of tubes or sheets. The testing conditions are then very similar to the real industrial forming conditions.The first test developped at iCube Research is an electromagnetic tube expansion test, instrumented with pulse current measurement devices and photonic Doppler velocimetry (PDV). Design of the inductor, optimization of the numerical model, and test sensitivity to the experimental uncertainties are discussed. The inverse analysis identification procedure is established, and its ability to identify the constitutive model parameters is examined. The sensitivity of the test to the model parameters, and their correlations, are analyzed as well.This procudure is then adapted to a test dedicated to plane samples, cut from sheets. The loading mode and the deformation mode induced by this test enables a significant reduction of the characterization sensitivity relative to experimental uncertainties, as compared to tube expansion testing. A model reduction approach makes it possible to use this test in an iterative parameter identification procedure.Both tests are applied to annealed aluminium 1050, and they reveal a significant strain-rate sensitivity, with a stronger strain-hardening than that measured by quasi-static tensile tests. Ohter aluminium alloys and copper alloys have been dynamically characterized by one of the tests. The developped procedure is not restrictive for the selection of the constitutive model. In this study, which concerns a relatively narrow strain-rate domain (from 100 to 5000 s-1), the Johnson-Cook model has been chosen.The dynamic forming conditions (high strain-rates, impact, deformation mode by flexion against a die…) are likely to offer great improvements in formability. The problem of dynamic forming limits characterization, which will be the subject of further developpements, is introduced as a last chapter
Belaid, Abdessalem. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle du comportement mécanique de la garniture de forage dans les puits à trajectoires complexes : application à la prédiction des frottements garniture-puits." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00579916.
Full textLes modèles usuels de prédiction des frottements montrent certaines insuffisances lorsque la trajectoire du puits se complexifie. Un nouveau modèle de calcul de frottements dans les puits de forage à trajectoires complexes a été développé et validé. Ce modèle utilise une méthode tridimensionnelle de reconstitution de la trajectoire intégrant à la fois la courbure et la torsion géométrique. Contrairement aux modèles classiques, qui supposent simplement que la garniture repose par gravité sur la paroi basse du trou de forage et qui négligent souvent la rigidité des tiges, le nouveau modèle rigide calcule la vraie déformée de la garniture de forage à l'intérieur du trou via un algorithme itératif de contact unilatéral. En outre, pour un gain important du temps de calcul, le modèle se base sur une intégration numérique directe des équations d'équilibre local sans avoir recours à la méthode des éléments finis.
La comparaison avec un modèle couramment utilisé dans l'industrie de forage, appelé modèle LISSE, a été effectuée sur plusieurs puits réels et théoriques. Il ressort de cette comparaison que le nouveau modèle vient palier plusieurs faiblesses du modèle LISSE dans le cas des trajectoires à géométrie complexe (surestimation des zones de contacts et des forces de contact en présence de micro-tortuosité, non sensibilité au signe du gradient d'azimut en présence de fort gauchissement, hypothèse de contact sur la paroi basse du trou pas toujours vérifiée). Par ailleurs, la confrontation avec les mesures du terrain pour la plupart des puits à géométrie bidimensionnelle ou faiblement tridimensionnelle avec des faibles dog legs (ne dépassant pas 2 à 3°/30 m) fournit généralement des concordances entre les résultats des deux types de modèles et les valeurs mesurées. En revanche, en présence de tortuosités et dog legs locaux le nouveau modèle fournit une meilleure prédiction des pertes en frottement.
Makkouk, Rabih. "Modélisation de la plasticité orthotrope en contraintes planes : application à la détermination des limites de formage des tôles." Metz, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1994/Makkouk.Rabih.SMZ9453.pdf.
Full textThe prediction of strain distributions and forming limits in sheet-metal forming process requires the use of accurate constitutive relations of the plastic behaviour in numerical computations codes. The aim of this work is to propose a modelling of plastic yielding that apllies to orthotropic materials under plane stress conditions. This modelling is based on a planar coordinate representation of the yield surface in principal stress-space, with account of the orientation of principal stress axes with respect to principal directions of orthotropy. In comparison with classical plastic yield criteria, the modelling allows us to obtain improved agreement with experimental yield surfaces or with results from homogenisation computations. It also allows an improved description of the variation of the uniaxial yield stress as a function of the angle between tensile axis and rolling direction. The yield criterion has been implemented in calculations of the forming limits of sheets with transversely-isotropic behaviour, in the stretching range. The results show that realistic improvements concerning the shape of the yield surface lead to a better prediction of the forming limits
Giot, Richard. "Interprétation des mesures de contraintes par relaxation dans les formations argileuses profondes." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL117N.
Full textA new interpretation method of in situ tests, applying inverse problems theory to the initial stresses identification for any constitutive law of the rock mass, has been developped on the basis of overcoring test. It uses probabilistic methods to minimise a cost functional quantizing the discard between calculated and measured data, coupled with finite element simulations of the test under consideration. Concerning the overcoring test, the inversion strategy has been successfully applied to real tests performed in the Opalinus clay of Mont Terri rock laboratory under the hypothesis of an anisotropic elastic constitutive law. The method will be applied latter considering an anisotropic elasto-plastic constitutive law developed and implemented in the frame of this thesis for the Opalinus clay. The initial stresses identification method developed has also been used for back analysis of dilatometer tests with an elasto-plastic associated Drucker-Prager constitutive law with softening
Yang, Jian. "Étude expérimentale et modélisation du formage superplastiqued’un alliage d’aluminium Al7475." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENAM0006/document.
Full textSuperplasticity is the ability of some materials to sustain very high value of strain (up to 2000%) under low stress and within a specific range of temperature and strain rate. Complex shape components combining low density and high strength can thus be elaborated by using this peculiar characteristic. Superplastic forming process consists in deforming a flange by applying a variable pressure until the flange takes the form of a die. A good knowledge of the pressure law to apply is therefore primordial in order to avoid damage and obtain homogeneous thickness distribution. Numerical simulations are generally used to predict the optimal forming conditions. But a precise description of the rheological response of the material (in terms of flow rule and damage evolution) under thermomechanical conditions representative of the process is necessary. The PhD work introduces several rheological models to describe the behavior of a 7xxx aluminum alloy during superplastic forming process. The work is divided into three parts: (i) characterization of rheological models, (ii) characterization of damage models and (iii) development of numerical simulations to predict the superplastic forming of typical shapes. Hot uniaxial tensile tests have been performed to characterize the rheological behavior of a 7475 alloy. Three models (i.e. Norton-Hoff, Johnson-Cook and Zener-Hollomon) have been identified but only the last one leads to a good prediction of the material response. A GTN damage model has also been identified. Observations by X-rays micro-tomography have allowed studying in more details the damage evolution during the deformation. From these results, different cases have been simulated in ABAQUS
Krocker, Carsten. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de plastification autour d'une barre d'ancrage scellée dans le rocher." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00785863.
Full textDo, Tien Tho. "Optimisation de forme en forgeage 3D." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001870.
Full textLe, Reun Thomas. "Régimes asymptotiques des écoulements en rotation excités par forçage mécanique dans les noyaux planétaires : saturation turbulente et organisation à grande échelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0322.
Full textThe present thesis explores the turbulent flows induced by tidal interaction in planetary cores. In particular, we focus on the saturation of the elliptical instabilities induced by the effect of planetary rotation and tidal deformation. Such instabilities arise for instance when the rotation rate of the tidal bulge and the planet differ and lead to the exponential growth of inertial waves. Similar resonances are also excited when tidal interactions induce harmonic modulation of the planetary rotation rate called "libration." The saturation of the elliptical instability is first investigated experimentally via the forcing the libration of an ellipsoid filled with water. We find two saturation regimes: at low forcing amplitude, the saturation flow is a superposition of inertial waves in non-linear, triadic resonant interaction, a state called "wave turbulence." At larger forcing amplitude, the saturation flow is dominated by a strong geostrophic mean flow. With a numerical and theoretical study, we find that the transition between these two regimes is due to an instability of finite amplitude inertial waves. Furthermore, we explore the saturation of the elliptical instability with an idealised, local cartesian model. We retrieve the two saturation regimes found in the experiment and give a detail account of their spatial and temporal content. The local model also allows exploring the behaviour of these two saturation regimes in the geophysical limit. Lastly, a last study is targeted at the elliptical instability in stratified planetary cores. We find that internal waves are excited by tidal interaction and also saturate into inertial wave turbulence
Calpe, Linares Miguel. "Etude numérique de la turbulence stratifiée 2D forcée par des ondes internes de gravité." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02612797.
Full textThe oceanic motions are composed of eddies with a very large horizontal scaleand 3D propagating internal gravity waves. Its kinetic energy spectra follow thewell-known Garrett and Munk spectrum, which is usually interpreted as thesignature of interacting internal gravity waves. Our main motivation is toreproduce the turbulence regime observed in nature by forcing waves.Two-dimensional (2D) stratified flows on a vertical cross-section differ fromits analogous three-dimensional flows in its lack of vertical vorticity,supporting only waves and shear modes. In this PhD work, we perform a numericalstudy of 2D stratified turbulence forced with internal gravity waves. We get ridof the shear modes, sustaining a system only with wave modes. Unlike precedentstudies, the forcing is applied to a localized region of the spectral space, inwhich forced internal waves have a similar time scale. We forceintermediate-scale waves to allow the dynamics to develop both upscale anddownscale energy cascade.We first present the different regimes of 2D stratified turbulence with aparticular interest in the ocean-like regime, i.e. strong stratification andlarge Reynolds number. The dynamics of the energy cascade is analysed by meansof the spectral energy budget. Furthermore, we check if it is possible to obtainturbulence driven by weakly non-linear ineracting waves by performing aspatio-temporal analysis. To conclude, we report results of numericalsimulations forced either on the vorticity or on the eigenmode of theNavier-Stokes equations in order to study the degree of universality of 2Dstratified turbulence with respect to the forcing