Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mécatronique – Conception et construction'
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Menyhardt, Karoly. "Sistem inteligent de protezare pentru membrul superior." Artois, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ARTO0207.
Full textThe thesis presented here, represents a first step in the development of an intelligent prosthetic system for the human upper limb, with low costs, at Timisoara. By determining the kinematic parameters of the prosthesis’ simplified model it is possible to predict its behavior and movement possibilities. Trough the representation of the active workspace and its projections in different planes, it is possible to observe, modify and optimize the laws of motion, respectively the trajectories of different kinematical joints controlled by the prosthesis’ microcontrollers. Starting from the study of the functional anatomy of the upper limb and the current state of development of prostheses worldwide, a prototype level intelligent prosthesis was designed and engineered for the upper limb. The developed prosthesis is functional and at a low cost. The mechanical components of the prosthesis’ structure consist of the shoulder, elbow and hand joints, bars and other linkage elements. The actuating system of the prosthesis is made with stepper motors and reducers. The sensorial system is formed by the control elements of the prosthesis and micro-switches. To demonstrate the functionality of the prosthesis, it was put under experimental tests to analyze the movements with systems based on video acquisition, ultrasound and vibration measurements during different tasks. The results of these experimental studies validate the prototype built by the author
Audet, Julien Mathieu. "Conception et validation expérimentale d’un système mécatronique pour la manipulation intuitive de composantes lourdes." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66710.
Full textThis Master's thesis presents the design and experimental validation of a mechatronic system aimed at facilitating the handling of heavy components in industrial assembly situations, for example the assembly of aircraft fuselage panels. The principle of underactuated redundancy is used to make the interaction between the human operator and the robot safe, intuitive and responsive, while allowing a relatively high payload. This principle consists in using a low-impedance passive mechanism paired with an active system with a payload directly attached to the passive mechanism's end e ector. In the operation of the device, the human operator directly manipulates the payload and thereby induces movements in the passive mechanism. The measured joint variables in the passive mechanism are then used to control the high-impedance active joints of the robot. In previous works, the principle of underactuated redundancy has been applied to translational movements. The aim of this Master's thesis is therefore to apply the principle of underactuated redundancy to rotations in order to rotate a payload in three-dimensional space. First, the principle is applied to a one-degree-of-freedom planar manipulator in order to evaluate the validity of the concept for rotational motions. Then, it is applied to a two-degree-of-freedom spatial manipulator. Active counterweights are used to statically balance the two manipulators. It should be noted that the last rotational motion is not studied since it is easy to implement; static balancing is not required for the rotation around the vertical axis. Subsequently, the rotational system obtained previously is combined with an existing translational system with the objective of freely manipulating a payload in six-dimensional space. The experimental validations are presented to show that the manipulator is safe, intuitive and responsive for the human operator.
Casner, Didier. "Contribution méthodologique pour l'aide à la conception préliminaire et l'optimisation des systèmes mécatroniques." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAD027.
Full textNowadays, industries should face a more and more competitive economic situation that forces them to faster develop increasingly complex products. This is in this context that appeared mechatronic systems, the fruit of the integration of technologies from mechanical, electrical, computer and control engineering. These mechatronic systems are particularly complex to design for R&D designers as they require strong coordination between the engineers from different specialities to reach the required levels of functional and technical integration. It is therefore necessary to provide new design tools and approaches to better and more efficiently design mechatronic products and optimize their functionalities as well as their performance. The thesis presented in this manuscript aims to provide design approaches to the designers to design and optimize mechatronic architectures from the early design phases (embodiment design). We first present our global design approach, with four design levels to build and gradually detail mechatronic architectures to meet customer needs as well as the standards and legislation. Secondly, we propose an combinatorial optimization-based approach to computerize some parts of the architectural design process, especially the phase where architectures are built from a set solution of principles or technical solutions. We finally show how the design and optimization approaches have been applied to solve a design problem aiming to develop a medium power wind turbine for supplying a mountain cottage
Jallouli, Mehdi. "Méthodologie de conception d'architectures de processeur sûres de fonctionnement pour les applications mécatroniques." Thesis, Metz, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009METZ006S/document.
Full textNowadays, embedded systems are becoming increasingly attractive for many applications. Furthermore, these systems should be more and more dependable. Indeed, systems such as mechatronic or automatically controlled ones often work in harsh environmental conditions making them more prone to errors due to disturbances. Thus, designers should consider ways to protect them against such errors. In this work, a special interest is dedicated to processor architecture dependability as we consider processor-based systems. The stack computer philosophy has been chosen for the processor architecture in order to achieve a good trade-off between simplicity and effectiveness. Our approach to introduce and evaluate the dependability is based on the development and the use of a software emulator of the processor to be designed. Dependability of the processor is ensured through the collaborative use of hardware and software protection techniques: hardware error detection means and software error correction means. The correction technique is implemented in benchmarks and is validated on the emulator through a simulation of various scenarios of errors appearance. Different parameters are evaluated such as correction capability and time overhead. This correction technique is independent from the target application and from the detection means, what confirms the methodological aspect of our approach. Otherwise, as requested by the CIM’tronic project, we integrated our work with the CRAN Nancy/A3SI Metz one by applying the information flow approach on the processor instruction set. We showed the ability of this approach to evaluate the whole processor/application dependability
Assaad, Bassel. "Contribution à la prise en compte des aspects thermiques des machines électriques dans un environnement mécatronique." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2251/document.
Full textElectric machines play an important role in power conversion in several applications and fields. With the increasing demand for designing lighter and more efficient machines and optimizing the existing structures, thermal analysis becomes a necessary; in fact, the performance of electric machines islimited by the allowable temperatures in many critical components like windings, permanent magnetsand bearings. Two main approaches can be employed in order to study the machine thermal behavior : the lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) or numerical models. Considering low-computationtime-consuming and the possibility to be integrated in a mechatronics system design, the LPTN method is considered in our study. The latter is mainly applied on electric machine integrated in a complex mechatronics environment. The thermal network is presented along with the definition of the principal elements constituting this network. In fact, an accurate and reliable network strongly depends on many critical parameters like heat transfer coefficients, interface gaps, impregnation goodness, among others. For this reason, different sensitivity analysis techniques are carried out in order to, first, identify the significance of uncertainties in the evaluation of these parameters on machine temperatures and second, to reduce the thermal network. Next, we propose two optimization algorithm-based identification methodologies in order to calibrate results of the thermal network with measured temperatures obtained from a test-bench of a permanent magnet based integrated starter-generator machine. The calibrated model is then integrated in a mechatronics system consisting of an electric model of the electric machine, along with its control strategy and the power converter. This final study allows us to evaluate the impact of the machine temperature rise on the mechatronic system
Zedin, Thomas. "De la mécatronique de conception vers la mécatronique de construction : à la recherche d’une genèse pour la conception de la robotique sur chantier." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC003.
Full textThis research is developed in the field of architecture. It aims at studying the development of mechatronics in construction design and especially building sites. Mechatronics is a design process combining mechanics, electronics and informatics. It can be found in a lot of manufactured products, and is used in industry for production with the growth of robotics. The research in “Construction mechatronics” began in the early 70’s in japan. Later, the rise of rapid prototyping created new practices in architecture for “Design mechatronics”. It appeared in the early 2000’s thanks to the spread of CNC machining and microcontrollers in academic environments.These new practices and research fields are hardly observable in the construction industry. Mechatronics seems to be missing on building sites and not accessible. Also, Design mechatronics is not present in every design and technical departments. Thus, we focused on producing knowledges about the design processes attached to the integration of mechatronics in construction field. We did it by confronting this integration with a regular construction company activities.This led us to a series of experiments by case study in action-research. These cases are focussing on the concepts production for construction robotics. It involved multiple actors charged to the organisation and design of building sites. We looked at their reasoning to match mechatronics with their crafts and occupations.These studies had to be bound to scientific foundations. Architecture is not a scientific discipline, but can be related to Design sciences such as Architecturology developed in the MAACC laboratory. Design sciences helped us to analyse these observations and constitute design methods to design construction mechatronics systems
Arioui, Hichem. "Conception, Mécatronique et Contrôle des Plateformes dédiées aux Applications Centrées Humain." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00621269.
Full textGouaillier, David. "Conception mécanique et commande de l'appareil locomoteur d'un robot humanoïde." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS0037.
Full textThis work deals with the mechanical design and the control of the legs of a small humanoid robot. In collaboration with Aldebaran Robotics, a complete study of the mechatronics of the biped’s legs is presented. Based on the specifications of the product, the choice of kinematics and actuators is described. Then, an experimental process allowing the sizing of the leg motors is studied, and some biped prototypes are produced in partnership with Aldebaran Robotics. Finally, we look at the results of experimentations with a first implementation of an omni-directional walk control algorithm on the latest prototype
Verjus, Hervé. "Conception et construction de fédérations de progiciels." Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010877.
Full textDisposer d'outils de gestion de la chaîne logistique, de gestion de la relation client ou d'achat en ligne, avoir la capacité de s'interfacer avec d'autres systèmes d'information sont devenus des impératifs. Les PGI (Progiciels de Gestion Intégrée), d'un outil interne, évoluent vers un outil de gestion interentreprises (appelé ECM, pour Enterprise Commerce Management). Les architectures de ces outils devront être adaptées, répondant aux soucis d'ouverture, d'interopérabilité, du respect de normes, de maintenance, d'autonomie et d'exigences fonctionnelles. Aussi, la tendance que l'on trouve avec les approches de l'EAI (Enterprise Application Integration) est à l'intégration d'applications indépendantes, de services, distribués à travers le réseau et permettant, ensemble, de satisfaire les besoins des utilisateurs.
C'est dans ce contexte que se situe notre problématique et en particulier ce que nous appelons des fédérations d'outils. Ces dernières sont un assemblage d'outils hétérogènes, géographiquement répartis, autonomes et dont l'intégration doit couvrir les attentes des utilisateurs.
L'approche que nous proposons aborde plusieurs axes : conceptuel, ou comment construire un système d'information composé d'outils hétérogènes ; opérationnel, définissant le mode de fonctionnement et de contrôle de la fédération ; et technologique, permettant aux différentes applications de participer à une fédération. Aussi, nous verrons en quoi l'architecture que nous proposons permet la construction de fédérations d'outils, leurs mises en oeuvre et leur contrôle à l'exécution.
Leclercq, Maximilien. "Conception et intégration d'un système de vision pour la gestion du confort visuel dans le bâtiment." Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ISAL0081.
Full textOne aspect of the energy consumption reduction in buildings concerns the lighting. It cannot be considered without taking into account the visual comfort of people according to the task done, in particular in the tertiary sector. The study of the human perception leads to the conclusion that the natural lighting is the solution that allows the best comfort. However the management of the daylighting is difficult and the evaluation of the comfort remains subjective. This PhD work has led to the development of innovative equipments that allow firstly to measure several comfort criteria and thus to extract a comfort index, and secondly to implement the control of the visual ambiance while minimizing the energy consumption. The implemented comfort sensor relies on the extraction of information from images taken by a fish-eye camera in order to measure global (mean luminance, and barycentre of the luminance), and local criteria (dazzling points, and high contrast zones). These criteria are aggregated using fuzzy logic in order to determine a comfort index; this approach taking naturally into account the subjectivity among people of the concept of comfort. The management of the visual comfort relies on the control of two types of actuators: Venietian blinds and artificial lights. The implemented control is based on a structure with imbricate loops that allows the control of the different levels of information in this system (physical, optical, comfort criteria and index). It uses a set of models resulting from identification procedures and it is defined in order to reach a good robustness in regards with the model uncertainties and to reject perturbations. These implementations have been tested and validated experimentally within a room of openspace area type
Fouz, Moustafa. "Développement mécatronique et contrôle de l'exosquelette des membres inférieurs SOL0.1." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLV048.
Full textThe thesis' subject concerns the development of the control architecture and the trajectory generation for a scalable exoskeleton called SOL. The biomedical study outcomes revealed that the progressiveness of the disease could be solved by early and continuous rehabilitation throughout the growth. Thus, the importance of using an exoskeleton has a positive impact since it is used to provide locomotion and rehabilitation, at the same time. However, the current exoskeletons cannot be adapted to fit the continuous change of teenager biomechanics throughout his growth. Hence, the need for developing a scalable exoskeleton that can cope with the growing needs is still a challenging topic. Especially, the control architecture of such a scalable device was tackled in this thesis, in both hardware and software developments to incorporate the scalability features. Initiative steps have been passed towards the goal of achieving a scalable exoskeleton, by contributing in hardware developments that allowing further enhancements to be included throughout the advancement of the project. Firmware developments achieved have addressed the scalability needs in terms of control by considering the three hierarchical levels (which are: High, Middle, and low-levels of control). More specifically, a focus was dedicated to the generation of the gait reference trajectories for the growing population. Data were collected from healthy subjects wearing a passive exoskeleton to extract the proper joint trajectories, then, the data were processed to build a gait library to be deployed on the exoskeleton controller. Finally, by knowledge of the subject biomechanics, the controller is able to fetch the proper trajectories and inject the reference trajectories to the SOL's actuators. A first prototype of the exoskeleton is used to manifest the outcomes of the proposed Evolutionary Gait Generator (E.G.G.). As a first prototype, A free walking in air motion is tested, where the validation of the proposed hardware and control loops are demonstrated. Studying the exoskeletons' control responses against probable external disturbances and fail-safe scenarios are still future work mandatory before achieving first human-exoskeleton testing
Nehaoua, Lamri. "Conception et réalisation d'une plateforme mécatronique dédiée à la simulation de conduite des véhicules deux-roues motorisés." Phd thesis, Université d'Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00419371.
Full textNehaoua, Lamri. "Conception et réalisation d’une plateforme mécatronique dédiée à la simulation de conduite des véhicules deux-roues motorisés." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0045/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the design and realization of a dynamic mechanical platform intended to the motorcycle riding simulation. This dissertation is organized into several principal sections. First, a literature review is conducted to identify the driving simulation problematic in a general way by focusing on the simulator design. In this part, it was aware of the various mechanical architectures used previously as well as the related limitations. The choice of the simulator‘s mechanical architecture of is driven by the needs to have an sufficient perception during simulated driving situation. Our goal is to reproduce the most relevant inertial effects (acceleration, torque, ..) perceived in a real world driving. The second chapter discusses an exhaustive comparison between automotive vehicles dynamics against the two-wheeled vehicles against. Existing motorcycles dynamic models are adjusted and of have been adapted to meet our needs in terms of privileged inertial cues. The third chapter presents the design aspects, mechanical realization, characterization and identification of the motorcycle simulator developed within the framework of this thesis. It constitutes the main contribution of this research works. Finally, the last two chapters are dedicated to motion cueing /control algorithms and open-loop experimentation on the simulator’s platform. These tests were performed for the characterization and validation of performance of the entire simulation loop
Jardin, Audrey. "Contribution à une méthodologie de dimmensionnement des systèmes mécatroniques : analyse structurelle et couplage à l'optimisation dynamique." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0003/these.pdf.
Full textThis thesis comes within the scope of mechatronic systems design and deals especially with the problem of their sizing. To that aim, it focuses on methods allowing the selection of the components constituting their actuating chains with respect to given requirements. Since current competitive rules require a frequent product renewal in spite of ever increasing product complexity, the adopted approaches for handling this kind of problem have to be less expensive in financial terms as well as in the duration of the design phase. So as to decrease the number of iterations during the design process, one possible is to reformulate the problem as an inverse problem where the unknowns of the sizing problem are directly determined from the requirements expressed on the system outputs. With that in mind, the laboratory Ampere suggests a sizing methodology based on the use of inverse bond graph models. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the development of this methodology in its structural phase on one hand (i. E. Thes phase allowing to check before any numerical simulation if the inverse problem is well-posed) and in its sizing phase on the other hand (i. E. The phase where the model inversion is applied and exploited)
Sargsyan, Suren. "Conception et étude de systèmes mécatroniques basés sur la robotique de manipulation permettant de récupérer la motricité d'une personne." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECDN0011.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is the design and analysis of portable systems for rehabilitation of motor functions of humans, based on the manipulation mechanisms with improved weight, calibration and energy consumption characteristics. The work deals with the development of new electromechanical rehabilitation devices containing electroactive polymer-metal-composite elements intended for rehabilitation and maintenance of human motor functions, and modelling, analysis and design of their biomechatronic systems. A new method for an accurate balancing of biomechanical system using springs, counterweights and auxiliary links is proposed, providing also a load adjustment system. It is applicable with spring with any characteristic and allows not only the reduction of the oscillations of the moment of the gravitational forces of the counterweight, but also the control of its law of variation. The dynamic modelling, the development of an optimal design and the control methodology of human extremity exoskeleton with electromechanical actuators are performed, using Lagrange-Maxwell equations. The numerical examples for determination of laws of variation of electrical control voltages and powers in the exoskeleton’s actuators showed the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The proposed method of optimal dynamic design and the computational algorithms were successfully tested on an illustrative example of optimal control problem. The variation of the generalized coordinates, the electrical control voltages and the powers of actuators due to minimum power inputs criterions were determined. Appropriate actuators were selected. As a result, the power inputs have been significantly reduced. The methodology of design for the rehabilitation systems with application of modern electroactive conducting polymer-metal composite actuators is proposed and tested
Hammadi, Moncef. "Contribution à l'intégration de la modélisation et la simulation multi-physique pour conception des systèmes mécatroniques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00711469.
Full textTric, Olivier. "Conception et projet en architecture : articulation des composantes enveloppe, structure, usage et coût dans la conception et au sein du système d'acteurs /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) : l'Harmattan, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37073748f.
Full textMihalache, Alin Gabriel. "Construction et évaluation de la sûreté de fonctionnement de systèmes industriels complexes : application sur système embarqué." Angers, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ANGE0054.
Full textMechatronics is defined as the integration of mechanical engineering, electronics, computer control,. . . In the design and manufacture of increasingly innovative products. This approach must be accompanied today by the guarantee of dependability of the developed systems. However, reliability, one factor key defining the to the dependability, is not sufficiently evaluated in the development of mechatronic systems. We have developed a complete methodology in order to design and evaluate the reliability of mechatronic systems. Our methodology is a tool for decision-making at different stages of the development and life cycles for mechatronic systems, based on the estimation of theirs reliability. The reliability estimation at the stage of the product conception is done from the Stochastic and Déterministes Petri nets model of mechatronic systems which takes into account the functional modeling, the dysfunctional modeling (with the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA),. . . ) and different reliability data bases for each component. The experimental and the operational reliability are determined using the Bayesian estimation method BRM, which takes into account the data, obtained during the tests and from the experience feedback. A sample application on the Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) illustrates this methodology for reliability estimation
Dang, Phuc Hung. "Développement d’aimant bas champ pour RMN Portable : Conception et construction." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0007/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the development of a magnet system for NMR applications with high homogeneity while maintaining the static magnetic field B0 as high as possible (100 ppm, 0.12T). Due to the application goals, the magnet dimensions are predefined as well as those of the region of interest according to the size of the used permanent magnets. Such system is dedicated to biomedical and agroalimentary applications. The goal of this research has been firstly, the discussion of parameters of magnetic materials which are essential to the construction of portable NMR magnets, and then the choice of the permanent magnet material the “NdFeB” that was explained. A compromise between the portability, price and the sensitivity has led to the design of a prototype of portable NMR magnet with a simple system of arrangement of 24 permanent magnets. The magnetic field and the homogeneity of the system were calculated and simulated by using ANSYS software and these results were correlated to those obtained by the Radia software. A new shim method has been used to increase the homogeneity and correct the field B0 imperfection. Based on these results, a prototype was realized. The results of the magnetic field strength and homogeneity obtained by measurements are in good correlation with the results obtained by simulation. Sufficient accuracy was reached to take into account and correct errors due to manufacturing tolerances of the magnets. Another magnet system based on Mandhalas configuration (Magnet Arrangement for Novel Discrete Halbach Layout) was studied. The comparison between two configurations made from circle and square magnets was performed by 2D simulation (using three criteria: mass, homogeneity and the magnetic field strength). The Mandhalas made from circle magnets give better results (0.32 T, 178 ppm). The 3D simulation was carried out to evaluate the total system. From these results, a passive shim system was also used in this case and the homogeneity significantly increases
Reddick, J. Christopher. "Conception, construction et analyse d'un système de réfrigération à éjecteur." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2012. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1611.
Full textServant, Clémence. "Conception d'un actionneur prismatique rétractable." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68774.
Full textTurgeon, Philippe, and Philippe Turgeon. "Système mécatronique d'aide à l'alimentation pour les personnes vivant avec des troubles de mouvement aux membres supérieurs." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36902.
Full textPlusieurs personnes vivent avec des incapacités qui affectent le contrôle du mouvement des membres supérieurs. Ces troubles de mouvement peuvent être présents sous forme de contractions involontaires, de mouvements spasmodiques ou de tremblements. Ceux-ci limitent ces personnes dans la réalisation de plusieurs tâches de la vie quotidienne. Des aides techniques peuvent alors servir à faciliter les déplacements, à compenser un manque de tonus musculaire ou à permettre la manipulation d'objets. Plus particulièrement, des aides techniques sont conçues pour les personnes vivant avec des troubles de mouvement aux membres supérieurs pour leur permettre de s'alimenter de manière autonome. Par contre, plusieurs facteurs limitent l'utilisation des aides techniques actuelles, tels que leur prix élevé ou leur complexité d'utilisation. L'objectif de ce mémoire est le développement d'une nouvelle aide à l'alimentation pour les personnes vivant avec des incoordinations motrices au niveau des membres supérieurs. L'hypothèse est que l'utilisation de l'aide à l'alimentation développée permettra d'améliorer la capacité des personnes avec des troubles de mouvement à s'alimenter de manière autonome. Cette assistance augmenterait l'implication de l'utilisateur lors des repas tout en réduisant la charge de travail des aidants ou préposés. Deux systèmes ont été développés : une version passive et une version active. La version passive consiste en un assemblage de barres qui maintiennent l'orientation de l'ustensile constante et amorti mécaniquement les mouvements brusques involontaires. Une version active a ensuite été développée, où des actionneurs remplacent les amortisseurs mécaniques, afn d'offrir une assistance plus intelligente.
Many people are living with neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, muscular dystrophy or dystonia, that affect the control of upper limb movement. These motor disorders can be involuntary contractions, spasmodic movement or tremors. These disorders limit in the accomplishment of several tasks of daily life. Technical aids can then be used to facilitate movement, to compensate for a lack of muscle tone or to allow the manipulation of objects. In particular, assistive devices are designed for people with upper limb movement disorders to eat autonomously. Several factors limit the use of current assistive devices, such as their high price or high complexity. The aim of this thesis is the development of a new eating aid for people with upper limbs motor disorders. The hypothesis is that the use of the eating assistance developed will improve the ability of people with movement disorders to eat autonomously. This assistance would increase user involvement while reducing the workload of the caregiver. Two assistive prototypes have been developed : a passive version and an active version. The passive version consists of a bar assembly that maintains the constant orientation of the utensil and mechanically dampens involuntary movements. An active version was then developed, where actuators replace the mechanical dampers, in order to offer a more intellignent assistance.
Many people are living with neurological disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, muscular dystrophy or dystonia, that affect the control of upper limb movement. These motor disorders can be involuntary contractions, spasmodic movement or tremors. These disorders limit in the accomplishment of several tasks of daily life. Technical aids can then be used to facilitate movement, to compensate for a lack of muscle tone or to allow the manipulation of objects. In particular, assistive devices are designed for people with upper limb movement disorders to eat autonomously. Several factors limit the use of current assistive devices, such as their high price or high complexity. The aim of this thesis is the development of a new eating aid for people with upper limbs motor disorders. The hypothesis is that the use of the eating assistance developed will improve the ability of people with movement disorders to eat autonomously. This assistance would increase user involvement while reducing the workload of the caregiver. Two assistive prototypes have been developed : a passive version and an active version. The passive version consists of a bar assembly that maintains the constant orientation of the utensil and mechanically dampens involuntary movements. An active version was then developed, where actuators replace the mechanical dampers, in order to offer a more intellignent assistance.
Pothier, Arnaud. "Conception, réalisation et test de micro-commutateurs micro-electromécaniques et application aux circuits hyperfréquences reconfigurables." Limoges, 2003. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/6cf0371e-bf80-4a5b-b4de-07c554a9bbcb/blobholder:0/2003LIMO0058.pdf.
Full textSince few years, the MEMS technology for microwave applications has grown up with the potential to improve the circuit and device performances. Several components have been designed and demonstrate an important reduction of loss and a higher linearity than their main counterparts: the semi-conductor components. This work investigates the MEMS switches design and their integration in tunable microwave systems. Thus, we first present a state of art of this MEMS technology and the MEMS microwave devices. The micromachined switches operation is investigated. The main advantages, drawbacks and some applications where these components could improve the performances are discussed. The second part of this work is dedicated to the mechanical and electromagnetical design of a DC contact switch. The main objective of this work was to realise a reliable component which present good performances. The switch optimisation is presented and discussed with the corresponding mechanical and electric measurements. The last part of this memory addresses the development of new switchable microwave circuit topology including DC contact micro relays. Three applications are discussed; some tunable filters are developed with a high tuning in frequency (22% for the first one and 44% for the other). We also present how to preserve the device losses to a low level, and keep high the quality factor of these systems
Le, Corre Yann. "Conception et commande d'un robot omnidirectionnel." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20195.
Full textTabet, Aoul El-Hafid. "Étude du fonctionnement hydraulique des digues à paroi perforée." Le Havre, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LEHA0006.
Full textWeil, Benoît. "Conception collective, coordination et savoirs : les rationalisations de la conception automobile." Paris, ENMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0965.
Full textZhong, Xiaopin. "Analyse et conception de la fiabilité des systemes mécatroniques : méthodologies et applications sur suspension active." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ECDL0023.
Full textReliability analysis and design become indispensable for the development process of mechatronic systems. However, versatile tools are called for because of the increas•ing complexity and the testing expensiveness of mechatronic systems. Such complexity brings the difficulties of modeling uncertainty and unknown dependency, such as functional and temporal dependency. To deal with such complexity, reliability analysis tools need to be mathematically powerful, be easy to use and be computationally efficient.Conventional tools have a number of drawbacks when evaluating the reliability at system level. For instance, Markov chain based methods have a problem of infamous combinatorial explosion and fault trees formalism works under the assumption of component independency. Although sorne extensions, such as dynamic fault trees, have been made to make up for shortcomings, not all of them can be handled in one framework. Bayesian networks formalism is recently believed to be a promising statistical inference tool for system reliability assessment thanks to many advantages, such as the ability of modeling uncertain dependency, integrating data from diverse sources and the well-studied reasoning tools. On the other hand, the biggest value-added in mechatronics is in control/information processing subsystem. Engineers realize that the controller design of a dynamic system cannot neglect the dynamic reliability requirement. Various uncertainties influence not only the controller performance but also the reliability. However, little research has considered the dynamic reliability of controllers.In this research, we have investigated the Bayesian networks formalism and developed a new system reliability assessment method for complex mechatronic systems. This method extends Bayesian analysis on components to that on complex systems and allows to consider parameter uncertainties of various skewed time-to-failure models in complex systems. To perform the inference in our Bayesian network model, we developed a modified nonparametric beHef propagation which is more efficient in the complex case compared with other reasoning tools. We showed also how to perform the sensitivity analysis in our Bayesian network model that has a non-deterministic structure. A dynamic-reliable linear controller has been designed for the control module of mechatronic systems. We established a new link between the first-passage failure probability and controllers' feedback gains, and obtained a new dynamic-reliability constraint for classical objectives. The dynamic-reliable linear controller is also extended to the multiple model formalism for achieving a dynamic-reliable controller applicable to nonlinearjnon-Gaussian cases. The system performance can be further improved in this framework by using more advanced multiple model methods.A number of simulation results demonstrated that the developed methods have been successfully applied to analyze and design active vehicle suspension systems and can be applied to other applications, such as other mechatronic systems and active building control systems
Reinhard, Friedemann. "Conception et construction d'une horloge atomique sur une "puce à atomes"." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00414386.
Full textNous décrivons d'une part un modèle théorique de la stabilité d'horloge, d'autre part un montage expérimental dedié, capable de contrôler le champ magnétique à un niveau relatif de 1e-5 et doté d'une puce hybride, qui contient des conducteurs à courant continu ainsi qu'un guide d'onde pour acheminer la microonde
Laflaquière, Arnaud. "Neurones artificiels sur silicium : conception analogique et construction de réseaux hybrides." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10617.
Full textPham, Thi Thanh Xuan. "Conception, construction et évaluation d'un indice sous-jacente pour l'économie vietnamienne." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1G003/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on concepts, structures and evaluation of core inflation index for the Vietnam economy. The final purpose of the research is to estimate the core inflation index which enable to provide the best prediction of the Vietnam inflation. From the point of view of methodology, the thesis highlights on the qualitative approaches in order to measure the core inflation index for the Vietnam economy. The different methods have been used as follows: First, the pure statistical measurements such as trimmed mean, exclusion, median, weighted median and reduced - weighted average... and a more sophisticated method, i.e. the dynamic factor model. This model helps to capture the dynamic of an underlying factor which generates the tendency of inflation. Secondly, the three econometric models include SVAR model developed by Quah-Vahey, common trend model and unobservable components model. These models facilitate to better integrate the macroeconomic theory into measurement of core inflation. The later model is selected to overcome the disadvantages of the former one.The structure of the thesis is established in accordance with our research objectives. The introduction presents a brief overview of the research subject. The first chapter discusses the core inflation nature. The chapters 2 and 3 analyze the core inflation measurements and their applications in the case of Vietnam. The statistic measures that are more familiar with central banks in the world are presented in the chapter 2. The third one presents in details the three econometric models. Each measure is studied and presented in the following process: (i) the notion of core inflation, (ii) its theorical background (iii) the estimation techniques and (iv) the application of these measures into the Vietnam data.The obtained core inflation indexes are examined, analyzed and compared to each other. Its results are reported in the chapter 4. The general conclusion sums up the final results of this research. The official result of the study is a set of ten core inflation indexes which responds all the expected properties and seem optimal for the inflation forecasts. Another result that goes beyond our expectation is that one of these ten indexes has a dual function i.e. a good predictor of inflation and a public index of inflation. A supplementary contribution of this thesis is a list of important remarks concerning the estimation technique of core inflation that is applicable in the case of Vietnam
Szücs, Ágota. "Caractérisation des ambiances des stades modernes du point de vue du confort aérothermique des spectateurs : contribution à l'approche multicritères aérothermique, visuelle et acoustique." La Rochelle, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LAROS154.
Full textThis study presents a methodological approach to evaluate the aerothermal comfort of spectators in stadia. Its extension raises some aspects of the spectators' visual and acoustic comfort. First, the conception of a comfort zone integrating the effect of temperature and wind has been developed based on the mechanical nuisance due to the wind and on the thermal effect of different temperature and wind speed combinations. Then, the effect of the morphology on the airflow inside the stadium has been investigated through wind tunnel tests in a boundary layer wind tunnel on a stadium model of variable geometry. The following architectural parameters have been modified: slope, overhang of the roof, façade porosity, stadium layout. Mean wind speed and standard deviation have been measured by hot wire anemometer at spectators' height in the bowl. The tests revealed that a relationship exists between the morphology and the airflow. The results associated with the meteorological data (temperature and wind speed) of a given site facilitate to define the frequency of comfort and discomfort. This methodology should be ideally applied in the design phase of the project. The roof position influences also the visual comfort of the spectators. The last has been analysed by daylight with an opaque roof. The visual comfort requirements are based on the uniform lighting conditions of the pitch; i. E. No accentuated contrast should appear on the pitch due to the shadow of the roof. A method facilitating the definition of the photometric morphology of the roof in order to prolong the visually comfortable period (localisation of the opaque and the transparent roof parts) has been developed
Rios, José. "Etude et conception de dispositifs MOS-Thyristor autoamorçables et à blocage commandé." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30014.
Full textBabin, Vincent. "Conception, analyse et optimisation de méthodes de préhension et de mains mécaniques épicycloïdales pour la prise d'objets plats partiellement contraints." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66289.
Full textMost robotic grippers excel at completing one task but are ill suited for completing many and very different tasks. It is with this fact in mind that this thesis proposes general solutions to the grasping problem. First, general methods are proposed that aim at picking small flat objects that could not otherwise be grasped by simple mechanical grippers. Planetary mechanisms are then proposed to increase the range of motion of the finger joints, hence providing a way to achieve the necessary properties to build and test a finger capable of grasping small flat objects lying on hard surfaces. A complete gripper design is then proposed and built. The novel design that includes the features of the previous design is also capable of performing parallel grasps which are considered essential to be able to grasp a wide range of unknown objects. Finally, the gripper design is optimised and sensing apparatus is included in the gripper to provide a gripper that is considered a complete solution to grasping and is simple to use on a wide range of robots.
Gérard, Lucile. "Contribution to the design of steel I and H-sections members by means of the Overall Interaction Concept." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68162.
Full textDesign of steel profiles is generally ruled by the occurrence of local and global instabilities which havebeen of major interest for many years now to reduce costs within steel applications. Closer estimate of actual ultimate strengths shall allow for some savings in practice since some structures typically designed through conservative rules provided by standards such as the Eurocode shall be lightened. The designguide lines currently suggested in codes to predict local and global strengths of I and H-shapes are broadly known to exhibit some conservatism and researchers have been directing their efforts towards an optimisation of such design. Accordingly, the O.I.C. (Overall Interaction Concept) which was first developed for tubular sections,provides a general approach for steel design with a common and straightforward formulation for all load cases and cross-section’s geometries. O.I.C. design equations are derived based on strengths mostly achieved by means of full non-linear analyses since F.E. simulations can provide accurate predictions of actual ultimate strengths and continuously account for the Resistance – Instability interaction. Through the present thesis, design formulae for I and H-shapes were developed as part of the development of the O.I.C. Subsequently to an extensive numerical study through a F.E. model whose reliability was first established by means of comparisons with tests data, reasonable local geometrical imperfections as well as appropriate residual stresses patterns were chosen so that reliable ultimate strengths could be reached with the F.E.models. Then, parametric studies were carried out on short members subject to simple load cases such assimple axial force, major-axis bending or minor-axis bending and combined loadings. Observations on local strengths tendencies allowed the determination of key parameters so that O.I.C. based design proposals predicting the local strengths of hot-rolled and welded I and H-sections could be established. Numerical investigations then focused on the member strength of I and H-sections prone to suffer fromLateral Torsional Buckling so that an accurate design proposal including local/global coupling effects waseventually derived. Accuracy showed great benefits from these O.I.C. based design proposals compared to Eurocode rules,especially for slender sections. The design for which coherence and accuracy was preferred to simplicity has shown drastic efficiency for simple and combined load cases. Owing to the complex strength tendencies observed for sections subject to combined loadings, no consequent simplification of theproposals could be achieved without losing the benefits in accuracy compared to the Eurocode one. This work shall be considered as a first step towards a more coherent and accurate design for steel I andH-sections since further work may be needed towards a simplification of such proposal
Benkari, Naïma. "L'architecture des mosquées ibadites au M'Zab, à Djerba et en Oman : lecture des principes de conception et de construction." Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE29054.
Full textOur Research is about the built Heritage realised by the Ibadites in the M'Zab, Djerba and Oman. More precisely, our interrogations concern the relations that may exist between the typical aspect of the mosques in these three regions and the Ibadi Jurisprudence dealing with architecture "`Imâra" and urban planning "`Umrân". We investigated the architecture as well as the Fiqh works of the Ibadi community. We proceeded to the description of a representative number of mosques in the three regions in question. A historical approach of Ibadism and an exploratory research in the field of Ibadi religious laws, related to the construction and the management of mosques, had been undertaken in order to build up the necessary corpus to our analysis. At last, this research made possible a first "image" of what could be the architecture of an "Ibadi mosque", without ignoring the differences and the overtaking which characterize each region
Komine, Vadim. "Etude d'un oscillateur paramétrique à quartz : conception, modélisation et réalisation." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA2006.
Full textThe phenomenon of parametric resonance has been theoretically studied just from the beginning of the twentieth century. Its applications in electronics are restricted to low noise HF amplifiers. In this work the application of parametric resonance is extented to the case of RF oscillators. The first chapter is dedicated to a theoretical review and principles of operation of existing parametric devices. It it shown how an electronic parametric oscillator can work when pumping a variable reactance and how this can be applied to quartz crystal oscillators. This type of oscillator is first analysed before being simulated. This theoretical approach is then applied to a 10 MHz quartz crystal resonator inserted in a parametric loop which is modulated with a pump signal whose frequency is twice the loop resonant frequency. Experimental results of this Parametric Quartz Crystal Oscillator (PXO) are discussed in the last chapter. Resulting data are compared with the theoretical ones. The PXO is also caracterized especially in terms of phase noise and frequency stability. Its encouraging features open up possibilities of future developments described in the conclusion
Taibi, Ali. "Contribution à la conception et à l'étude d'un moteur sans balais et sans capteur de position." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA2007.
Full textSindel, Franck. "Conception et optimisation des structures textiles tendues." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10307.
Full textGuillet, Stéphane. "Modification et construction de formes gauches soumises à des contraintes de conception." Grenoble INPG, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPG0010.
Full textChataigner, Sylvain. "Conception et dimensionnement d’un ancrage de hauban plat en matériaux composites." Paris Est, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/4865/01/theseSChataigner.pdf.
Full textThis study’s main goal is to design an anchorage for a composite plate in a civil engineering application. As structural adhesive bonding was chosen, the main part of this document is dedicated to the understanding and the description of the way force is transferred through bonded joints. Three parts compose the study. The first one gathers all the bases concerning this technology which exists since a long time but is used for structural applications since only a few decades. It also presents the main elastic theories and the resulting characteristic features of structural adhesive bonding. In the second part, several different experimental investigations are precisely described and their results compared to the theoretical elastic expectations. Being insufficient concerning some of the parameters, it is then decided to take into account some non-linearities in the analysis : either damage occurrence, or plasticity. The final results are shown to be close to the experimental observations, and a more precise modeling of the force transfer is thus finally available. The last part concerns the optimization of the force transfer and starts with the reminding of the main works done on this topic. Then, a precise adhesive material characterization allows to highlight an interesting property which can improve bonded joints capacities. A specific geometry, a curved one, has to be used in order to use properly this property. Theoretical developments allow to explain the different improvements allowed by this geometry and some experimental investigations are conducted to check the ease of realization of such a geometry and its efficiency. Though additional work should be carried out on this new bonded joint, first results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed new geometry
Rabenantoandro, Andry Zaid. "Contribution à la fabrication additive dans la construction : conception d’une tête d’impression intelligente, et matériaux de construction." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ECLI0010.
Full text3D printing in construction is growing exponentially. This thesis examines the use of existing industrial solutions to meet the need for extrusion-based 3D printing in the construction sector. There are no relevant guidelines for 3D printing in terms of machine specification or material formulation. A prospective study has been carried out to understand the multidisciplinary aspect of 3D printing. The principles of additive manufacturing were highlighted with its advantages, applications and limitations. The 3D printing process was formalized in 5 distinct phases for construction. Thus, a framework for 3D printing in construction, based on the extrusion technique, was proposed. An introduction of a system of system concept and an intelligent level of automation for 3D printing in construction were proposed. This part was realized as a complement to the standardization framework for additive manufacturing in construction. In support of the scientific reasoning to design the appropriate 3D printing solution, an overall system consisting of 5 subsystems was defined. An experimental approach for the evaluation of printability was developed. It consisted of simple tests and dimensionless analysis to characterize the printability of cementitious materials using specific indicators. A print head was designed based on input functionalities such as the possibility to activate an inert material in the head and a control of the outgoing material flow
Le, Saux Thomas. "Maîtrise du coût de construction de bâtiments en cours de conception." Chambéry, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CHAMS034.
Full textFrançois, Florence. "Contribution de la modélisation floue à la conception en génie électrique." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0164.
Full textDion, Jean-François. "Conception et réalisation d'un résonateur Bessel auto-filtrant." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26011.
Full textSpinelli-Flesch, Marie. "Pensée et construction lors de la naissance du gothique." Besançon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990BESA1018.
Full textThe great edifices analysis during the twelth century and texts going with permit to precise thought-construction relations. The devoutness to God and the saints founds all constructions and provides their financements. The importance of the relics at Saint-denis makes Suger do a spectacular presentation. In the plan, is the augustinian idea of beautiful witch modify the new needs (liturgy, increasing of the faithfuls). Religious feeling modified by the new christology contributed to the changes of the gothic art. The comparison of Suger's thought and the pseudo-Denys shows fondamental differences between them and deny the influence on the first gothic of the corpus dionysiacum. In geometry, the know of the "litterati" doesn't present any experimental interest but a classificatory one. The builders' experiments are only occasionaly helped by the know of the scolars. The technical progress and the gothic forms are mostly the fact of the masons hardly supported by the sleeping-partners' will
Betaille, Henri. "Conception et développement d'un outil d'aide à la construction et l'utilisation de systèmes experts, hamex." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37596018k.
Full textBetaille, Henri. "Conception et développement d'un outil d'aide à la construction et l'utilisation de systèmes experts, HAMEX." Montpellier 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986MON20099.
Full textBenqassmi, Hassan. "Conception de convertisseurs alternatif-continu mono-étage à absorption sinusoïdale." Grenoble INPG, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPG0058.
Full textRecently, power factor correction has been introduced into power converters to replace the passive filters at the front-end of converters and to respect new standards corne into opération. Single-stage power factor correction has been succeeded to the classicaJ two-stage power factor correction which présents a high volume and cost. This thesis essentially consists of two types of applications. Low power isolated single-stage AC/DC conversion from 230 V rms. AC voltage to 54 V DC. The power is fixed at 300 W. Due to their cost and volume, asymmetrical structures Flyback and Sepic are more adapted. From this study, it émerges also that series-resonant converter operating in discontinuous conduction mode could be respond to desired spécifications if components stresses are acceptable. The second part deals with the isolated single-stage AC/DC conversion for médium power (3 kW) applications with 150 V as output voltage. For this kind of applications, only current-driven and voltage-driven résonant converters are susceptible to respond to the spécifications. An approach to design current-driven résonant converter is presented. Also, several résonant circuits are examined to discuss power factor correction capabilities of voltage-driven résonant converters. By evaluating advantages and disadvantages of thèse converters, two of them are chosen, and realised prototypes présent a high power factor and respect the European standards EN 61000-3-2
Choinière, Jean-Philippe. "Conception, développement et validation expérimentale d'une boussole haptique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27069.
Full textThis Master’s thesis presents the design, control and experimental validation of a haptic compass, designed as a guiding device for the visually impaired in all environments. The literature review shows that there is a need for haptic guidance and how this technology differs from current haptic devices. The proposed device uses the principle of asymmetric torques. Its design is based on a direct drive motor and a pre-calibrated open-loop control, which allows the generation of stimuli in a wide range of frequencies. The device is calibrated and its mechanical properties are evaluated to ensure that the open-loop control provides sufficient precision. A first user study presents interesting effectiveness in the frequency range 5 to 15 Hz and for torques over 40 mNm. In a second experiment, the use of a haptic feedback proportional to the anglular error is shown to significantly improve the results. An experimental validation by a group of subjects walking with the aid of the portable device in an open environment is then reported. The results show that all participants met all route objectives with small lateral deviations (0:39 m on average). The performances obtained and the user’s impressions are favorable and confirm the potential of this device. Finally, a model of the human orientation task is developed and demonstrates the importance of individual customization. A receding horizon strategy for the placement of the current target on the path is thereby proposed.
Heschung, Frédéric Gardan Yvon. "Vers une construction et une adaptation automatiques des maillages." Reims : S.C.D. de l'Université, 2005. http://scdurca.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000155.pdf.
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