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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanical descaling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Farrugia, D., Andrew Richardson, and Yong Jun Lan. "Advancement in Understanding of Descalability during High Pressure Descaling." Key Engineering Materials 622-623 (September 2014): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.622-623.29.

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This paper building upon studies [1‐8] describes a subset of the High Pressure Water (HPW) descaling strategy developed at Tata Steel UK to optimise descaling set-ups for range of steel grades prone to adherent primary scale such as in high alloy steels (Si, Ni, Cr). Effective primary descaling, i.e. descaling post furnace discharge via washbox or alternative technologies is imperative to obtain good surface quality and conditioning of the surface state as well as the morphology, growth and behaviour of the secondary/tertiary scale. This paper primarily focuses on analytical descaling concepts for both mechanical and thermal outputs for flat jet nozzle and process factors. This approach has been linked to recent developments for oxide scale evolution during rolling and descaling [8].

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2

Krzyzanowski, M., W. Yang, C. M. Sellars, and J. H. Beynon. "Analysis of mechanical descaling: and modelling approach experimental." Materials Science and Technology 19, no. 1 (2003): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708303225008545.

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3

Igelhorst, Wolfgang, and Berthold Matz. "Pumps for descaling systemsin steel making." World Pumps 2007, no. 490 (2007): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-1762(07)70251-1.

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4

Mortsch, Martin, and Alois Schmid. "Innovations in Descaling and Deburring." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 1189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.1189.

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For weight reducing and functional reasons, hollow shafts should be used in gear units in the near future. Inside they have a big cylindrical cavity, which is only accessible through small inlet holes. This cavity may have large diameter variations along its length. There is an undesirable scale-formation, if high temperatures occur during the manufacturing process. If there are cross bores in areas, then there are also burrs in the area of cross bore section. While this area is oil flooded, it must be free of scale and burrs. Some mechanical tools and a thermal process are able to remove the burr in cross holes. The deburring could often be done over the transverse bore. Even small cross holes can be safely trimmed. A big problem is the removal of scale in difficult to reach hollow areas. With an innovative cutting tool it would be possible to remove the scale in difficult to reach areas. Measurement methods are shown, which would be automatically check if the surface is free of scales and burrs.

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5

Frick, J. W. "Optimisation of technologies for hydro-mechanical descaling of steel." Revue de Métallurgie 106, no. 2 (2009): 60–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2009015.

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6

Gillström, Peter, and Magnus Jarl. "Mechanical descaling of wire rod using reverse bending and brushing." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 172, no. 3 (2006): 332–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.10.014.

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7

KAN, C. W., C. W. M. YUEN, C. K. CHAN, and M. P. LAU. "EFFECT OF SURFACE TREATMENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF WOOL FABRIC." Surface Review and Letters 14, no. 04 (2007): 559–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x07009840.

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Wool fiber is commonly used in textile industry, however, it has some technical problems which affect the quality and performance of the finished products such as felting shrinkage, handle, lustre, pilling, and dyeability. These problems may be attributed mainly in the presence of wool scales on the fiber surface. Recently, chemical treatments such as oxidation and reduction are the commonly used descaling methods in the industry. However, as a result of the pollution caused by various chemical treatments, physical treatment such as low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment has been introduced recently because it is similarly capable of achieving a comparable descaling effect. Most of the discussions on the applications of LTP treatment on wool fiber were focused on applying this technique for improving the surface wettability and shrink resistance. Meanwhile, little discussion has been made on the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and the air permeability. In this paper, wool fabric was treated with LTP treatment with the use of a non-polymerizing gas, namely oxygen. After the LTP treatment, the fabrics low-stress mechanical properties, air permeability, and thermal properties were evaluated and discussed.

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8

Yang, Wengai, YaoHou Li, and Christopher Michael Sellars. "Experimental Bend Tests to Study Mechanical Descaling of Hot-Rolled Steel Rod." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 40, no. 4 (2012): 104213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte104213.

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9

Yamaguchi, Susumu, Teruo Yoshida, and Takaho Saito. "Improvement in Descaling of Hot Strip by Hydrochloric Acid." ISIJ International 34, no. 8 (1994): 670–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.34.670.

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10

Ren, Hong Wei. "Optimization Design Research on Descaling Bit of Water Pipeline Wall." Advanced Materials Research 744 (August 2013): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.744.49.

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Water pipeline scaling serious by prolonged use, result in a substantial diameter narrowed, reduced water efficiency. Mechanical cleaning is a kind of economic and security cleaning method, current drilling scaling equipment cannot clean effectively. In order to solve this problem, analyzes the dill descaling method. Choose multi-tooth bit as a foundation. Established finite element model for static analysis, gets three direction force diagram. Optimal design drill structure, created a new type of scaling drill. Compared two kinds force analysis results, by improving the structure, distributed stress on multiple cutting tooth, improved cutting conditions, enhanced the drill descale and feed ability, and improved the working life of the unit. Carried out static and dynamic finite element analysis, provide a theoretical basis for follow-up design.

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11

Mukadi, J. J. N., and P. C. Pistorius. "Mould flux residues aid descaling of reheated austenitic stainless steel." Ironmaking & Steelmaking 37, no. 1 (2010): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/030192309x12506804200500.

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12

Son, Chang-Hyeon, Sang-Mo Gu, Chang-Su Kim, and Geon-U. Kim. "Prevention of Particulate Scale with a New winding Method in the Electronic Descaling Technology." Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B 26, no. 5 (2002): 658–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3795/ksme-b.2002.26.5.658.

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13

Tamura, Yuta, Satoshi Ueoka, Yukio Kimura, and Kazuhisa Kabeya. "Influence of Injection Distance on Water Droplet Behavior in High Pressure Descaling." ISIJ International 60, no. 1 (2020): 128–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.isijint-2019-070.

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14

Issaard, Wannapha, and Thanasak Nilsonthi. "Application of the Tensile Test with a CCD Camera to Assess the Adhesion of Scale to Si-Containing Hot-Rolled Steels." Key Engineering Materials 728 (January 2017): 26–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.728.26.

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The tensile test has been developed to assess scale adhesion of hot-rolled steel. The tensile testing machine was equipped with the CCD camera to follow the failure of scale during straining. The hot-rolled steel with different silicon content was used to investigate the scale adhesion behavior. The result is shown the mechanical adhesion energy of scale formed on the hot-rolled steel with higher Si contain was 115 J.m-2, higher than the hot-rolled steel with lower Si contain which was 56 J.m-2. This might be due to the presence of oxide containing Si at interface which promoted adhesion, implying that longer time for descaling would be required.

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15

Zhang, Qing, Fei Liu, Xiang Wan, and Guanghua Xu. "An Adaptive Support Vector Regression Machine for the State Prognosis of Mechanical Systems." Shock and Vibration 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/469165.

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Due to the unsteady state evolution of mechanical systems, the time series of state indicators exhibits volatile behavior and staged characteristics. To model hidden trends and predict deterioration failure utilizing volatile state indicators, an adaptive support vector regression (ASVR) machine is proposed. In ASVR, the width of an error-insensitive tube, which is a constant in the traditional support vector regression, is set as a variable determined by the transient distribution boundary of local regions in the training time series. Thus, the localized regions are obtained using a sliding time window, and their boundaries are defined by a robust measure known as the truncated range. Utilizing an adaptive error-insensitive tube, a stabilized tolerance level for noise is achieved, whether the time series occurs in low-volatility regions or in high-volatility regions. The proposed method is evaluated by vibrational data measured on descaling pumps. The results show that ASVR is capable of capturing the local trends of the volatile time series of state indicators and is superior to the standard support vector regression for state prediction.

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16

Wang, F., L. Ning, Q. Zhu, J. Lin, and T. A. Dean. "An investigation of descaling spray on microstructural evolution in hot rolling." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 38, no. 1-2 (2007): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-007-1085-x.

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17

Krzyzanowski, Michal. "Scale Deformation and Failure in Hot Rolling: Understanding and Simulation." Materials Science Forum 696 (September 2011): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.696.144.

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This work reviews recent advances in research on oxide scale behaviour in hot rolling processes. Presenting novel approaches, the paper emphasizes the crucial role of reproducible experiments to elucidate the scale properties coupled with numerical analysis to develop quantitative models with predictive accuracy. Oxide scale failure is predicted taking into consideration the main physical phenomena. The most critical for scale deformation and failure parameters are measured during testing and depend on the morphology, scale growth temperature. They are also very sensitive to the chemical content of the underlying metal. The work integrates the combined finite/discrete element analysis with a range of experiments each provide partial insight into oxide fracture, friction, heat transfer, descaling and pick-up, mechanical intermixing taking place near the stock surface among others.

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18

Chattopadhyay, A., P. Kumar, and D. Roy. "Study on formation of “easy to remove oxide scale” during mechanical descaling of high carbon wire rods." Surface and Coatings Technology 203, no. 19 (2009): 2912–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.03.006.

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19

Kermanpur, Ahmad, Abbas Ebnonnasir, Ali Reza Key Yeganeh, and Jahangir Izadi. "Artificial Neural Network Modeling of High Pressure Descaling Operation in Hot Strip Rolling of Steels." ISIJ International 48, no. 7 (2008): 963–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.48.963.

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20

Cheng, Shen-Yuan, Sheng-Lih Kuan, and Wen-Ta Tsai. "Effect of molten salt treatment on descaling behavior of 410 SS in sulfuric acid solution." Materials Science and Engineering: A 393, no. 1-2 (2005): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2004.11.005.

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21

Basabe, Vladimir V., and Jerzy A. Szpunar. "Effect of O2 in Heating Atmosphere on Hydraulic Descaling in Hot Rolling of Low Carbon Steel." ISIJ International 48, no. 4 (2008): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.48.467.

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22

Satoh, Hiroshi. "Hydrogen absorption and its prevention of titanium in a simulated descaling environment in a desalination plant." Desalination 97, no. 1-3 (1994): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0011-9164(94)00073-5.

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23

Yang, Hyun-Min. "Role of Organic and Eco-Friendly Inhibitors on the Corrosion Mitigation of Steel in Acidic Environments—A State-of-Art Review." Molecules 26, no. 11 (2021): 3473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113473.

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Steel has versatile application in chemical, structure and construction industries owing to its mechanical properties. However, it is susceptible to corrosion in acid environments. Thus, it requires to protect the steel from corrosion. Different types of corrosion resistance steel, coatings and inhibitors are developed to mitigate the corrosion, but, inhibitor is the best remedies to control the corrosion of steel in acid condition. Moreover, organic and green inhibitors used in acid condition for descaling, acid pickling, pipelines, boiler tubes and oil-wells. Organic inhibitors reduce the dissolution of steel in acid but, it is hazardous, expensive and needs expertise to synthesize the inhibitor. Therefore, there is utmost required to study and compile the latest research about the eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors, which showed more than 90% corrosion inhibition efficiency. In the present study, I have reviewed the state-of-arts, and compile the latest development in organic and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor used in acid environment as well as suggested about the future scope and role of green inhibitor for sustainable society, which is economical, less hazardous and readily available from the natural sources.

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24

Kermanpur, A., A. Ebnonnasir, and M. Hedayati. "A novel analytical–artificial neural network model to improve efficiency of high pressure descaling nozzles in hot strip rolling of steels." Materials Science and Technology 23, no. 8 (2007): 951–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174328407x213099.

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25

Ramírez-Cuéllar, Jorge, Luis A. Leduc-Lezama, and Rafael Colás. "Mechanisms of Formation and Removal of the Primary Oxide in a Tunnel Furnace by the Descaling on a Compact Plant for Flat Products." ISIJ International 51, no. 3 (2011): 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.51.409.

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26

Asai, Tatsuya, Tetsuo Soshiroda, and Masayuki Miyahara. "Effects of Cu and Other Tramp Elements on Steel Properties. Influence of Ni Impurity in Steel on the Removability of Primary Scale in Hydraulic Descaling." ISIJ International 37, no. 3 (1997): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.37.272.

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27

Savinkov, V. V., and I. A. Kovaleva. "Optimization of two-stage cooling conditions for wire rod diameter 5.5–6.5 mm of low-carbon steel grades in order to ensure the required degree of descaling mechanically before its subsequent processing." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 3 (October 5, 2018): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2018-3-63-66.

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With the aim of obtaining scale with a high degree possibility of mechanical removal under the conditions of the section rolling shop No. 1, at the mill «150» JSC «Belarusian Metallurgical Works – Management Company of Holding «BMC» developed technological modes of production of wire rods made of low-carbon steel grades.The peculiarities of scale formation were studied, namely, the factors influencing the removability, obtaining the optimal thickness and its phase components on the wire rod diameter 5.5–6.5 mm in the cooling process immediately after rolling, intended for wire production.To obtain the necessary ratio of the phase constituents of the scales on the surface of the wire rod, the following factors was taken into account: the temperature of the layout of the turns on the roller table in the air cooling line; (uniformity along the length of the turn), the cooling conditions of the helix of the turns (prevention of the 4FeO = Fe3O4-Fe decay), where the condition of cooling the wire rod from 600 to 250 °С, not exceeding 100 s, must be observed.The results of metallographic studies of scale on the wire surface are presented. The introduced technological regimes provided the optimal thickness and the FeO / Fe3O4 ratio after the experimental rolling of the metal. Exhausted cooling regimes allowed to reduce the consumption of fiber for all types of wire.

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28

Speak, M. "Environmentally responsible deburring and descaling." Transactions of the IMF 85, no. 4 (2007): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174591907x192384.

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29

Pohanka, M., P. Kotrbacek, E. Bartuli, and M. Raudensky. "Energy-Efficient Cooling and Hydraulic Descaling Systems." Metallurgist 64, no. 7-8 (2020): 729–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11015-020-01050-4.

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30

Shujia, Li, Lyu Naibing, Deng Suhuai, Luo Zhijun, and Xu Shixin. "Effect of heating temperature on oxidation behavior of low density steels with medium manganese content." Metallurgical Research & Technology 117, no. 6 (2020): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2020077.

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The high temperature oxidation behavior of Fe–C (0.22%)–Mn (5.3%)–Al (2.5–3.2%)–Si (2.2%) low density steel was studied in the atmosphere of (2%O2 + Ar) by high temperature oxidation simulation tests. The samples were kept at 900 °C–1300 °C for 30 minutes and the morphology and the content distribution of oxide layer in the scale were characterized by scanning electron microscope combined with energy dispersive spectrometer. The results show that: when the holding temperature is below 1150 °C, the oxidized weight gain increases parabolically with time; when the temperature is maintained above 1200 °C, the oxidized weight gain increases linearly. Oxidation activation energy decreases with experimental temperature from 225.31 to 43.4 kJ/mol and due to formation of liquid oxidation products the value of Ea decreases sharply from 1100 °C.For all range of temperature the outer layer of the scale is FeOn–MnO oxide while the scale is mainly SiO2–Al2O3–FeOn–MnO near the matrix. Few variations could be observed for the morphology of scales when the heating temperature ranged from 900 °C to 1100 °C. When the heating temperature is over 1150 °C the liquid Fe2SiO4 and FeO–SiO2–MnO phases in the scale were newly formed, leading to the penetration of liquid oxide scale into the steel, which makes descaling difficult. Therefore, to facilitate the descaling operation before hot rolling, temperature should be controlled below 1150 °C in the reheating furnace.

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31

He, Yong-quan, Tao Jia, Xiao-jiang Liu, Guang-ming Cao, Zhen-yu Liu, and Jun Li. "Hot-dip Galvanizing of Carbon Steel after Cold Rolling with Oxide Scale and Hydrogen Descaling." Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 21, no. 2 (2014): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1006-706x(14)60034-0.

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32

Wang, Aiming, Pengfei Sun, Ziwei Zhang, et al. "Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on High-Pressure Water Jet Descaling in Coal Mine Drainage Pipeline." Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering, November 10, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40997-020-00408-y.

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33

Malik, Sujata. "Waste - Water of Sugar Industries - A Serious Threat to the Natural Environment." International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, June 1, 2019, 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrst196618.

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Over recent years, great concern has been given throughout the globe regarding the environmental pollution in many ways due to the rapid industrialization and subsequent urbanization. Industrialization is a critical means for the improvement of any country. With the fast development of business market (sugar, tannery material, sago, color, commercial enterprises) in the nation and worldwide, contamination in fresh water and soil by mechanical waste water has expanded vastly. The developed countries worldwide have always been exploiting each bit of natural resources or raw material to convert them into goods for their own comforts and the exportation of them to the down and out developing countries. In executing this, industrialized countries dump lot of waste materials in their environment which becomes polluted. Even though rapid urbanization and industrialization in the developing countries like India are facing acute problems in collection, treatment and disposal of industrial effluents. Unmanaged organic waste fractions from industries, municipalities and agricultural sector decompose in environment resulting in large scale contamination to the land, water and air. Several chemical elements are used in sugar industries mainly for coagulation of impurities/contamination and refining of end products. Ca(OH)2 is usually used to clarify and to increase pH of juice. A small quantity of H3PO4 is added prior to liming to improve clarification. CO2 gas is bubbled through the defecated juice to lower pH, which results in improvement of precipitation of impurities. Polyelectrolyte, which are polymer based chemical are also used for the coagulation of impurities during defecation and carbonation process. SO2 is bubbled through the defecated raw sugar to remove color. Dilute solutions of NaOH or Na2CO3 are used for the periodic descaling of heaters followed by neutralizing it with dilute HCl. Lead acetate is used for the analysis of sugar content. All the chemicals, one way or another, are contributing towards increasing the organic strength, dissolved solids and suspended matter. The sugar mill’s waste-water is characterized by its brown color, low pH, high temperature, turbidity, electrical conductivity, chloride, total alkalinity, high BOD, high COD, odour problem, total hardness, sulphate, phosphate, total acidity, calcium, magnesium, total solids and high percentage of dissolved organic and inorganic matter. So, this untreated water creates the problem to the environment up to a large extent.

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34

Osei, Richard, Simon Lekakh, and Ronald O’Malley. "Thermodynamic Prediction and Experimental Verification of Multiphase Composition of Scale Formed on Reheated Alloy Steels." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, November 30, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-020-02023-3.

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AbstractThe structure, phase, and composition of scale formed on a continuously cast steel slab during reheating depend on intrinsic factors (steel chemistry, microstructure, and as-cast surface condition) and extrinsic parameters (temperature, time, composition, and velocity of combustion gas atmosphere). The scale that forms on a slab normally has several layers with differing compositions and phases and knowledge of this scale structure is important in subsequent descaling and hot rolling processing steps. Formation of multiphase scale structures on steel during high temperature oxidation in reheat furnace proceeds according to a local thermodynamic equilibrium, while thickness of layers depends on kinetic conditions (mostly by diffusion). In this study, the local thermodynamic equilibrium conditions through the scale layer were simulated using different oxygen/steel ratios, which mimicked the conditions for scale formation at the external, internal, and sublayer oxide region at metal/scale boundary. Experiments were performed in a simulated combustion atmosphere using typical industrial reheat time/temperature conditions. The phases that developed in layered scale structure were documented using SEM/EDX and Raman spectroscopy. The predicted scale compositions and phases were in good agreement with the experimental results for studies with Mn and Si-alloyed carbon steel, Cr-alloyed ferritic, and Cr, Ni-alloyed austenitic steels.

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