Journal articles: 'Mechanical engineering. Computer systems. Mechanics'

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Thilmany, Jean. "Cell Mechanics." Mechanical Engineering 140, no. 04 (April 1, 2018): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2018-apr-3.

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This article discusses various research works by engineering teams working on computer models that help explain the evolutionary dynamics of bone cancer. In order to investigate biological systems with a mechanical engineering approach, medical research teams are creating computerized mathematical models that have the potential to explain the mechanics of cancer. Researchers have found that mechanical signals can influence cancer cell migration, growth, and differentiation. Engineering models, such as the one simulating cancer immunotherapy, not only are visually striking, but also can help researchers better understand how cells respond to potential treatments. Researchers at the Center of Applied Molecular Medicine at the University of Southern California have developed two open source 3D simulation packages: BioFVM, which simulates diffusion of dozens of substrates in 3D tissues, and PhysiCell, which simulates multicellular systems in 3-D tissues. According to experts, differences between experimental information and model-returned information can also be resolved to better understand how metastasis works and, perhaps, fine-tune models.

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Carroll, M. M. "Foundations of Solid Mechanics." Applied Mechanics Reviews 38, no. 10 (October 1, 1985): 1301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3143698.

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Solid mechanics is a basic discipline which supports much of the practice of mechanical and civil engineering, and contributes significantly to other engineering and scientific disciplines. Research in solid mechanics, at the foundational level, emphasizes comprehensive understanding and well-formulated analyses of mechanical phenomena occurring in engineering systems. The increasing availability of large computers has had a tremendous impact on the field. The traditional emphasis on analysis has shifted toward development of more realistic and detailed descriptions of material response, more efficient computational methodologies, and accurate numerical solution of initial and boundary value problems. Despite (or perhaps because of) this trend, theory and analysis must continue to play a vital role in modern solid mechanics. Solid mechanics is enriched by the increasing level of activity in interdisciplinary research. Within the field, there is a need for better communication and interaction between computation, experiment, and theory.

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Papalambros, P. Y. "Optimal Design of Mechanical Engineering Systems." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, B (June 1, 1995): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836471.

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The capability of mathematical optimization to support the mechanical design process is finally reaching wide recognition, as evidenced by significant applications in industry. The article reviews key issues and challenges for design optimization theorists and practitioners. Large scale system design and topology or configuration design are identified as the most important areas of future design optimization research. Some new approaches for partitioning large design problems and for topology optimization of multi-component structural systems are introduced.

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Gosselin, Clément M. "Adaptive Robotic Mechanical Systems: A Design Paradigm." Journal of Mechanical Design 128, no. 1 (August 19, 2005): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2120781.

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This paper aims at developing a general framework for the use of the concept of adaptive mechanical system in the design of advanced robotic devices. The concept of adaptive mechanical system is first formalized. A design methodology is then proposed in order to formulate the associated design paradigm, based on the fundamental principles of mechanics. Finally, examples of adaptive robotic mechanical systems taken from the literature are presented in order to illustrate the application of the general design methodology.

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Neipp, Gerhard. "Computer-integrated mechanical engineering (CIME)." Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 7, no. 1-2 (January 1990): 89–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0736-5845(90)90047-c.

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Kazakoff, Alexander. "Advances in Engineering Software for Lift Transportation Systems." Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 42, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10254-012-0001-4.

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Advances in Engineering Software for Lift Transportation Systems In this paper an attempt is performed at computer modelling of ropeway ski lift systems. The logic in these systems is based on a travel form between the two terminals, which operates with high capacity cabins, chairs, gondolas or draw-bars. Computer codes AUTOCAD, MATLAB and Compaq-Visual Fortran - version 6.6 are used in the computer modelling. The rope systems computer modelling is organized in two stages in this paper. The first stage is organization of the ground relief profile and a design of the lift system as a whole, according to the terrain profile and the climatic and atmospheric conditions. The ground profile is prepared by the geodesists and is presented in an AUTOCAD view. The next step is the design of the lift itself which is performed by programmes using the computer code MATLAB. The second stage of the computer modelling is performed after the optimization of the co-ordinates and the lift profile using the computer code MATLAB. Then the co-ordinates and the parameters are inserted into a program written in Compaq Visual Fortran - version 6.6., which calculates 171 lift parameters, organized in 42 tables. The objective of the work presented in this paper is an attempt at computer modelling of the design and parameters derivation of the rope way systems and their computer variation and optimization.

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Fernandes, Fábio A. O., Clauber Marques, Jovani Castelan, Daniel Fritzen, and Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa. "Learning Processes in Mechanics of Structures: Allying Analytical and Numerical Approaches." Education Sciences 10, no. 4 (April 20, 2020): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci10040114.

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This paper reports pedagogical experiences and educational techniques in the field of Mechanics of Structures (Mechanical Engineering degree), resorting to computational tools. Several aspects are addressed, covering CAD (Computer-Aided Design) modelling systems to CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) solutions, in terms of analysis and validation of mechanical resistance calculations. Therefore, structural mechanics fundamental concepts and mechanics of materials are also addressed. Particular focus is given on the development of curricula components related to Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing. Doing so, three-dimensional structural modelling is applied to study the behaviour in selected simple case-studies where an external load is applied and the corresponding deflections are evaluated. Then, analytical and numerical analyses are performed and compared. During classes, patent aversion to solve analytical problems was clearly observed on the part of the students once calculus knowledge was required. The typical trend in engineering students, skipping the manual analytical methodology to solve a problem in order to go straight to numerical simulations via commercial Finite Element (FE) codes, was observed. The main focus of this work is, therefore, to determine the pedagogical effects of allying the analytical procedures and virtual simulators. It was possible to confirm the beneficial aspects of such methodology, considering that the regular engineering student has already a scientific basis on calculus and analytical process. Such knowledge will support mechanical project decisions, from model development to the analysis, and a sounding background to perform criticism of the results provided by the software.

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Wiechert, Bernd Udo. "Applied Biomechanics: Prosthetic and Orthopaedics." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 1 (October 31, 2017): xiii. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v1.315.

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Biomechanics is closely related to engineering, because it often uses traditional engineering sciences to analyze biological systems. Some simple applications of Newtonian mechanics and/or materials sciences can supply correct approximations to the mechanics of many biological systems. Applied mechanics, most notably mechanical engineering disciplines such as continuum mechanics, mechanism analysis, structural analysis, kinematics and dynamics play prominent roles in the study of biomechanics. Usually biological systems are much more complex than man-built systems. Numerical methods are hence applied in almost every biomechanical study. Research is done in an iterative process of hypothesis and verification, including several steps of modeling, computer simulation and experimental measurements. Prosthetics and orthotics are clinical disciplines that deal with artificial limbs (prostheses) for people with amputations and supportive devices (orthoses) for people with musculoskeletal weakness or neurological disorders and some disability person. The development of prosthetics and orthotics disciplines is depend on development of science and engineering. The understanding of this multidiscipline field is important the advancement in this field. In this session i will overview the current development in prosthetics and orthotics field, expl ain a brief survey on its method, and discuss perspective for future trend and development.

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Perig, Alexander V., Alexander A. Kostikov, Violetta M. Skyrtach, Ruslan R. Lozun, and Alexander N. Stadnik. "APPLICATION OF JMODELICA.ORG TO TEACHING THE FUNDAMENTALS OF DYNAMICS OF FOUCAULT PENDULUM-LIKE GUIDED SYSTEMS TO ENGINEERING STUDENTS." Information Technologies and Learning Tools 62, no. 6 (December 30, 2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v62i6.1926.

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The present educational research is focused on the solution of didactic problem of an engineering-friendly description and explanation of the dynamics and control of Foucault pendulum-like systems, which have arisen from practical problems of boom crane dynamics in lifting-and-handling machinery and transport. An educational actuality of the present research is grounded on the absence of a proper description and explanation of this topic in available textbooks and scientific articles in the fields of classical mechanics, control engineering, transport, lifting-and-handling machinery, engineering education, mechanical engineering education, and classical mechanics education. Among learning tools this article uses the following educational techniques: Modelica-assisted simulation with acausal equation-based freeware computer system JModelica.org with Optimica extension, physical simulation techniques, allegoric fairy tale analogy, didactic transposition method and a complex of individual Modelica-enhanced students’ computational assignments. The proposed educational approach provides a broadening of students’ ideas concerning the applicability of abstract physical concepts to the theory and practice of freeware-assisted mechanical engineering education of undergraduate and graduate students majoring in dynamics and control of guided lifting-and-handling machinery. Research finding, concepts and ideas of this research have found a practical educational application through the formulation of practical computational problems of term design works, planning of MSc degree students’ works, and freeware-enhanced curriculum of Donbass State Engineering Academy, Kramatorsk, Ukraine.

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Haug, E. J., K. K. Choi, J. G. Kuhl, and J. D. Wargo. "Virtual Prototyping Simulation for Design of Mechanical Systems." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, B (June 1, 1995): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836472.

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Developments in simulation technology that enable a qualitatively new virtual prototyping approach to design of mechanical systems are summarized and their integration into an engineering design environment is illustrated. Simulation tools and their enabling technologies are presented in the context of vehicle design, with references to the literature provided. Their implementation for design representation, real-time driver-in-the-loop simulation, dynamic performance simulation, dynamic stress and life prediction, maintainability analysis, design sensitivity analysis, and design optimization is outlined. A testbed comprised of computer aided engineering tools and a design level of fidelity driving simulator that has been developed to demonstrate the feasibility of virtual prototyping simulation for mechanical system design is presented. Two 1994 demonstrations of this capability for vehicle design are presented, to illustrate the state of the technology and to identify challenges that remain in making virtual prototyping simulation an integral part of mechanical system design in US industry.

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Суханова, Наталия, and Nataliya Sukhanova. "Development of intelligent automated control systems in mechanical engineering." Science intensive technologies in mechanical engineering 2018, no. 11 (December 8, 2018): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5bd8aa8a8683e5.76305416.

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The new automated control system architecture is offered which combines advantages of well-known engineering systems: super-computer productivity, wide functional potentialities of flexible manufacturing systems and artificial intelligence. The economic result of intelligent ACS introduction is to be produce quality increase, functionality enhancement, flexible programmable ties between devices, reliability increase of technical means and the elimination of outages at failures.

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Moon, Francis C. "Nonlinear Thinking in Mechanics and Design." Applied Mechanics Reviews 47, no. 6S (June 1, 1994): S301—S304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3124429.

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While the spread of computer aided design tools in the last two decades has been revolutionary, much of its analytical basis in elasticity, vibrations, thermal systems etc, rests on linear models. These new ideas have found application in many areas of applied science and are now just beginning to find their ways into practical devices. (See eg, Moon (1992)). As these ideas mature, it is natural to ask if they can be introduced into the undergraduate curriculum. The Author argues that creative solutions to design problems often result from using nonlinear models and concepts. Nonlinearity, often seen as something to be avoided, can sometimes offer alternative solutions that linear models cannot do. The Author also argues the case for introducing nonlinear thinking into the engineering curriculum in mathematics, mechanics of materials and dynamics using both computational and experimental laboratories. This paper describes a program at Cornell University to introduce nonlinear dynamics concepts to mechanical engineering undergraduates through an NSF sponsored grant for curriculum development.

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Haug, E. J., K. K. Choi, J. G. Kuhl, and J. D. Wargo. "Virtual Prototyping Simulation for Design of Mechanical Systems." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, B (June 1, 1995): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2838678.

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Developments in simulation technology that enable a qualitatively new virtual prototyping approach to design of mechanical systems are summarized and their integration into an engineering design environment is illustrated. Simulation tools and their enabling technologies are presented in the context of vehicle design, with references to the literature provided. Their implementation for design representation, real-time driver-in-the-loop simulation, dynamic performance simulation, dynamic stress and life prediction, maintainability analysis, design sensitivity analysis, and design optimization is outlined. A testbed comprised of computer aided engineering tools and a design level of fidelity driving simulator that has been developed to demonstrate the feasibility of virtual prototyping simulation for mechanical system design is presented. Two 1994 demonstrations of this capability for vehicle design are presented, to illustrate the state of the technology and to identify challenges that remain in making virtual prototyping simulation an integral part of mechanical system design in US industry.

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Dixon, J. R. "Knowledge-Based Systems for Design." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 117, B (June 1, 1995): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2838652.

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Knowledge-based systems are a special class of computer programs that purport to perform, or to assist humans in performing, specified intellectual tasks. This paper describes how knowledge-based programs are special; that is, how they differ from other computer programs. A structure for understanding the use of knowledge-based programs in engineering design is presented, together with an example. The role of knowledge-based systems in design research is discussed.

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Clifton, R. J., and F. P. Chiang. "Experimental Mechanics." Applied Mechanics Reviews 38, no. 10 (October 1, 1985): 1279–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3143691.

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Mechanical failure of machine parts, structures, and microelectronic components has a strong negative impact on the safety, security, and productivity of our people. Prevention of these failures is a principal focus of solid mechanics, which uses analysis, experiment, and computation to provide the understanding necessary for failure reduction through improved design, fabrication, and inspection. Experimental mechanics plays a critical role in this effort since it provides the data base for the calculations and the means for testing the validity of proposed theoretical models of failure. Current trends in experimental mechanics show increased use of optical methods for monitoring the displacements, velocities, and strains of surfaces. This trend has gained impetus from the attractiveness of noncontact methods for hostile environments and dynamically loaded bodies. Advances in laser technology have enhanced the instrumentation associated with these methods. Another trend is the investigation of material behavior under more complex loading conditions, made possible by the availability of servo-controlled testing machines with computer interfaces. Still another trend is the increased attention given to defects, such as inclusions, cracks, and holes, because of their importance in failure mechanisms. Opportunities for future contributions from experimental mechanics appear to be great and to occur across a broad range of technological problems. A central theme of future research appears to be increased emphasis on measurements at the micron and submicron scale in order to advance the understanding of material response and failure at the micromechanical level. Increased attention will also be given to internal measurements of defects, deformations and residual stresses because of their importance in developing a fundamental understanding of failure. Automated data reduction and control of experiments will greatly increase the information obtained from experiments and its usefulness for the development of mathematical models. Other important research directions include improved methods for measurements of in situ stresses in rocks, improved measurements of displacements and physiological parameters in biological systems, capability for long-term monitoring of the integrity of structures, and improved sensors for feedback control of mechanical systems.

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Brown, Alan S. "Who Owns Mechatronics?" Mechanical Engineering 130, no. 06 (June 1, 2008): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2008-jun-1.

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This paper explains the concept of mechatronics and tries to resolve problem of leadership. It consists of four overlapping circles: mechanical systems, electronic systems, control systems, and computers. Their overlaps form digital control systems, control electronics, electromechanics, and mechanical computer-aided design. The question of who owns mechatronics—who will lead the development of next-generation electromechanical systems—often depends on where engineers work. Companies that make mechanical systems tend to let mechanical engineers lead; those that make electronics assign the lead to software and electrical engineers. In the future, though, the issue may be decided by how colleges train the next generation of mechanical engineers. Right now, most schools teach controls, basic electronics, and programming as part of the mechanical engineering curriculum. Universities are introducing courses with a goal to integrate courses so that electrical, control, and mechanical engineers learn how different disciplines use the same core knowledge to achieve different results.

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Dunsmore, W., G. Pitts, S. M. Lewis, C. J. Sexton, C. P. Please, and P. J. Carden. "Developing methodologies for robust mechanical engineering design." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 211, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 179–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405971516167.

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This paper considers robust product design applied to mechanical systems via computer-based models at the detail design stage. This involves the efficient use of computer-based experiments to understand how product performance, both its mean and variability, depends on the design parameters. The integration of the general concepts and practical tools is described in terms of the design process, with the aim of making the techniques accessible to designers in an industrial context. The approach is motivated from a design for quality standpoint and is directed principally at improving functional reliability, while addressing issues of performance and cost. The approach is illustrated using a case study on the robust design of a cam mechanism.

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Hayashibara, Yasuo, Shuro Nakajima, Ken Tomiyama, and Kan Yoneda. "Hands-on Education of Robotics Department for Four Years of College." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 23, no. 5 (October 20, 2011): 789–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2011.p0789.

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In this paper, we introduce engineering education at the Department of Advanced Robotics, Chiba Institute of Technology. At the department, we try to teach useful knowledge and provide laboratory work leading to useful experience. One purpose of the curriculum is to enable students to design a system with a mechanism, control circuit, and computer programming. We then provide many lectures related to system design – control engineering, mechanics, mechanical dynamics, electronic circuits, information engineering, mechanical drawing, and so on – and provide laboratory work on related theory in the lectures. Laboratory work helps students understand abstract theories that are difficult to understand based on desk study alone. This laboratorywork continues fromthe first to fourth years. In addition, we provide many project studies. Some students try to develop their own systems through extracurricular studies. Through the project, students obtain much knowledge and experience. After introducing our curriculum, we discuss the results of this curriculum.

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Pham, D. T., and P. T. N. Pham. "Expert systems in mechanical and manufacturing engineering." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 3, no. 3 (July 1988): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02601587.

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Varrasi, John. "The Computer Assist." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-oct-3.

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This article discusses in less than 40 years, a novelty has grown into a mainstay of engineering practice. Only a few forward-looking technology companies invested in computers, primarily mainframe systems. While bringing the benefits of data management and real-time processing to engineering, the mainframes were also a headache. Engineers spent countless hours correcting functional problems and writing programs. The programs, particularly large-scale ones involving difficult computations, were executed in batch processing mode, meaning that the engineer had only one attempt each day to run the programs. The engineering community must advance computer technology to the level where engineers can validate a structure completely using computational tools, without having to develop physical models and prototypes. The next step is cognitive information processing using the computer to actually mimic the attributes of the human brain.

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Vujosevic, Ranko. "Maintainability Analysis in Concurrent Engineering of Mechanical Systems." Concurrent Engineering 3, no. 1 (March 1995): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1063293x9500300108.

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Wang, Yin-Tien, and V. Kumar. "Simulation of Mechanical Systems With Multiple Frictional Contacts." Journal of Mechanical Design 116, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 571–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2919416.

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There are several engineering applications in which nominally rigid objects are subject to multiple frictional contacts with other objects. In most previous work, rigid body models have been used to analyze such systems. There are two fundamental problems with such an approach. First, the use of frictional laws, such as Coulomb’s law, introduces inconsistencies and ambiguities when used in conjunction with the principles of rigid body dynamics. Second, hypotheses traditionally used to model frictional impacts can lead to solutions which violate principles of energy conservation. In this paper these problems are explained with the help of examples. A new approach to the simulation of mechanical systems with multiple, frictional constraints is proposed that is free of inconsistencies.

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Popov, I. P. "Sources of Harmonic Force and Speed in Mechatronic Automatic Systems." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 22, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 208–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.22.208-216.

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To study resonance and near-resonance phenomena, a symbolic (complex) method was used, which makes it possible to significantly increase productivity, simplify and formalize mathematical transformations. Parallel and sequential connections of elements of a mechanical system with a source of harmonic force or a source of harmonic speed as a source of external mechanical harmonic action are considered. The analytical descriptions of resonance in theoretical mechanics courses correspond to parallel connection. There are devices, in a satisfactory approximation, capable of performing the functions of sources of force and sources of speed. The source of harmonic speed can be a crank-yoke drive and a flywheel with a large moment of inertia. The source of the harmonic force can be the rod of the pneumatic cylinder, the cavity of which communicates with the cavity of another pneumatic cylinder, the diameter of which is immeasurably higher than that of the first, and the piston performs harmonic oscillations. The mechanical harmonic influences described in the courses of theoretical mechanics correspond to the source of the force. Four modes are described — resonances and antiresonances of forces and velocities. The use of the symbolic (complex) method has significantly simplified the study of resonance and near-resonance phenomena, in particular, it has made it possible to deeply unify and formalize the consideration of various mechanical systems. The cumbersome and time-consuming operations associated with the preparation and solution of differential equations have been replaced by simple algebraic transformations. Resonance and antiresonance of forces, resonance and antiresonance of velocities are determined.

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Suh, N. P. "Axiomatic Design of Mechanical Systems." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, B (June 1, 1995): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836467.

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Design is done in many fields. Although the design practices in different fields appear to be distinct from each other, all fields use a common thought process and design principles. Consequently, the true differences between these fields are minor, often consisting of the definitions of words, the specific data, and knowledge. In comparison, larger differences can exist within a given field between simple systems and large systems due to the size and the time dependent nature of functional requirements. The axiomatic approach to design provides a general theoretical framework for all these design fields, including mechanical design. The key concepts of axiomatic design are: the existence of domains, the characteristic vectors within the domains that can be decomposed into hierarchies through zigzagging between the domains, and the design axioms (i.e., the Independence Axiom and the Information Axiom). Based on the two design axioms, corollaries and theorems can be stated or derived for simple systems, large systems, and organizations. These theorems and corollaries can be used as design rules or guidelines for designers. The basic concepts are illustrated using simple mechanical design examples. When design is viewed axiomatically, not only product design but all other designs, including design of process, systems, software, organizations, and materials, are amenable to systematic treatment.

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Carter, Ian M. "Applications and prospects for AI in mechanical engineering design." Knowledge Engineering Review 5, no. 3 (September 1990): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888900005397.

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AbstractMechanical engineering design is a broad subject area covering many topics and bas influences upon many other engineering disciplines and activities. Computer support for mechanical engineering design activity has been in draughting Systems and analysis packages, but there has been little in conceptual design assistance. This paper presents a number of areas of work in which AI techniques and developments are being used, sometimes in conjunction with traditional methods, to improve the support of design. The approaches to design and design Systems are covered, along with some techniques that are used. Specifie design Systems illustrate progress, and integration issues and simultaneous engineering Systems indicate the way research is moving. Finally, discussion of the trends and future topics indicates where and how effort may be applied in the future.

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Duhovnik, J., and R. Zavbi. "Expert systems in conceptual phase of mechanical engineering design." Artificial Intelligence in Engineering 7, no. 1 (January 1992): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0954-1810(92)80005-b.

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Li, Tai-Wai, and Gordon C. Andrews. "Application of the Vector-Network Method to Constrained Mechanical Systems." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 108, no. 4 (December 1, 1986): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258757.

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The vector-network technique is a methodical approach to formulating equations of motion for unconstrained dynamic systems, utilizing concepts from graph theory and vectorial mechanics; it is ideally suited to computer applications. In this paper, the vector-network theory is significantly improved and extended to include constrained mechanical systems with both open and closed kinematic chains. A new formulation procedure is developed in which new kinematic constraint elements are incorporated. The formulation is based on a modified tree/cotree classification, which deviates significantly from previous work, and reduces the number of equations of motions to be solved. The dynamic equations of motion are derived, with generalized accelerations and a subset of the reaction forces as solution variables, and a general kinematic analysis procedure is also developed, similar to that of the dynamic formulation. Although this paper restricts most discussions to two-dimensional (planar) systems, the new method is equally applicable to 3-dimensional systems.

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Adamov, E. O., V. G. Gnedenko, and S. M. Dukarskii. "Problems of Creating Computer Integrated Manufacture for Pilot Mechanical Engineering." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 210, no. 6 (December 1996): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1996_210_149_02.

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The specific features of experimental mechanical engineering require production and technical systems (PTSs) to be highly flexible. At the same time, the necessity of engineering and production support for scientific research work and the development of new equipment with limited labour resources in the shortest period of time make it necessary to increase the level of PTS automation. The problem of flexible automation of PTSs can be solved by creating a computer integrated manufacture (CIM). The present article describes the experience of the creation of CIM for the production of high-technology experimental equipment at the Russian Research Centre (RRC) ‘Kurchatov Institute’. The system functions and the level of automation of various activities in the system are described. Methods of overcoming many troubles encountered during the creation of CIMs are shown.

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Muñoz-Abella, B., C. Álvarez-Caldas, and L. Rubio. "Computer-aided tool for teaching mechanical clutch systems design." Computer Applications in Engineering Education 19, no. 3 (March 31, 2009): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cae.20329.

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Li, Zhenjun, and Xiaomo Yu. "Data mining technology for mechanical engineering computer test system." Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 141 (July 2020): 106628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106628.

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Lecanda, Miguel C. MuÑoz, and F. Javier YÁniz Fernandez. "Mechanical Control Systems and Kinematic Systems." IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 53, no. 5 (June 2008): 1297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tac.2008.921004.

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Lin, Qing Fu. "Study on Design and Development of Mechanical Engineering Network Courses." Advanced Materials Research 225-226 (April 2011): 710–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.225-226.710.

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It’s hard to directly transmit ‘Mechanical Engineering Online Courses’ on the computer network, for there are many diagrams with complex structures and much information capacity. By course systems analysis, course scripts making, multimedia materials production; with choice of database server platform, application technologies like streaming media and dynamic web page technology, image and video processing, the essay makes the online course design more easily and the direct transmission speed on the computer network more quickly, and helps majority of teachers design and develop large-capacity online courses.

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KAWAI, Satoru. "User interface techniques in computer systems." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 55, no. 3 (1989): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.55.466.

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Grassia, P. S., E. J. Hinch, and L. C. Nitsche. "Computer simulations of Brownian motion of complex systems." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 282 (January 10, 1995): 373–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095000176.

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Care is needed with algorithms for computer simulations of the Brownian motion of complex systems, such as colloidal and macromolecular systems which have internal degrees of freedom describing changes in configuration. Problems can arise when the diffusivity or the inertia changes with the configuration of the system. There are some problems in replacing very stiff bonds by rigid constraints. These problems and their resolution are illustrated by some artificial models; firstly in one dimension, then in the neighbourhood of an ellipse in two dimensions and finally for the trimer polymer molecule.

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Horváth, László, and Imre J. Rudas. "Emerging Intelligent Technologies in Computer-Aided Engineering." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 4, no. 4 (July 20, 2000): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2000.p0268.

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Competition generated the requirement of quick decisions at engineering activities. As a consequence, application of advanced computer modeling in engineering design needs application of intelligent computer methods to assist human decision making. A powerful CAD/CAM system with a comprehensive range of sophisticated modeling tools for describing engineering objects and programming tools for creating modeling procedures constitutes an appropriate environment to accept intelligent methods. The only way of survival for companies producing mechanical products on the competitive edge seems application of advanced modeling together with intelligent decision making. Much modeling, problem solving, database handling, visualization and other methods are involved in a typical computer-based engineering process. This process recently relies upon an integrated set of modeling tools and an integrated product database. Involving intelligent computer methods is a great challenge in this field. This paper surveys advanced modeling from the point of view of application of intelligent methods. It is organized as follows. A characterization of state of the art in advanced engineering modeling reveals important issues to be discussed in this paper. Following this, worldwide network-based group work of engineers is discussed. Human computer interaction (HCI) and network communication methods as important aspects of computer-aided engineering are outlined. Then recent development results in modeling of mechanical systems with special emphasis on integrated modeling of mechanical products, especially well-engineered shapes, are introduced. Finally, virtual manufacturing as an area of involving intelligent methods in CAD/CAM technology is discussed.

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Zou, H., K. A. Abdel-Malek, and J. Y. Wang. "Design Propagation in Mechanical Systems: Kinematic Analysis." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 3 (September 1, 1997): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826353.

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A broadly applicable formulation for investigating design propagations in mechanisms is developed and illustrated. Analytical criteria in terms of the variations of joint position vectors and orientation matrices for planar and spatial mechanisms are presented. Mechanisms are represented using graph theory and closed loops are converted to a tree-like structure by cutting joints and introducing new constraints. The Jacobian matrix in Cartesian space is then transformed to Joint coordinates space. Two cases are considered: a pair of bodies remain connected by one joint after cutting additional joints and a pair of bodies are disconnected after cutting joints. Using this method, a designer has the ability to study the propagated effect of changing a design variable on the design. The presented formulation is validated through a numerical example of a McPherson strut suspension system. The system is analyzed and an assembled configuration is computed after a change in design.

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Srinivasan, V., S. Radhakrishnan, and G. Subbarayan. "Coordinated synthesis of hierarchical engineering systems." Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 199, no. 5-8 (January 2010): 392–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2008.08.021.

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Dixon, J. R. "Knowledge-Based Systems for Design." Journal of Mechanical Design 117, B (June 1, 1995): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2836444.

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Knowledge-based systems are a special class of computer programs that purport to perform, or to assist humans in performing, specified intellectual tasks. This paper describes how knowledge-based programs are special; that is, how they differ from other computer programs. A structure for understanding the use of knowledge-based programs in engineering design is presented, together with an example. The role of knowledge-based systems in design research is discussed.

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Paasch, R. K., and D. N. Ruff. "Evaluation of Failure Diagnosis in Conceptual Design of Mechanical Systems." Journal of Mechanical Design 119, no. 1 (March 1, 1997): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828789.

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This paper discuses a methodology for improving quality and reducing life cycle costs of mechanical systems. The principal concept is that a system can be designed, in the conceptual stages, to be easier to diagnose for failures. To perform this, functional decomposition and form-to-function mapping are utilized to demonstrate the relation of design to diagnosis and for diagnosis itself. Four diagnosability metrics are developed and four hypothetical conceptual designs are evaluated for diagnosability and compared. An example is presented wherein three conceptual designs for a toolhead positioning system are evaluated for diagnosability at two levels of abstraction and the results compared. The area of design for diagnosis offers promise in improving system quality and reducing life cycle cost; research is continuing to refine and integrate the procedures with other aspects of the concurrent engineering design process.

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Thilmany, Jean. "Where Does CAM Stand?" Mechanical Engineering 129, no. 01 (January 1, 2007): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2007-jan-2.

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This article describes various engineering ways to use computers in manufacturing industry. Streamlining computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) handoff has long been the dream of engineering organizations that face handoff issues every day. The company, Protomold Co. Inc., ties CAD directly with CAM, to do away with requiring a human in the loop. It makes plastic injection-molded parts from customers’ CAD models. A Minnesota company has nearly automated its mold making. Software designs the mold automatically and automatically commands milling machines. The article also highlights that CAM systems of the future should include easy workarounds that any company could use to customize the software. Like other computer-aided engineering applications, manufacturing software is being pushed forward, although innovation and research is mainly the purview of academics. Researchers are focusing on considering rapid prototyping for making CAD and CAM work together in future.

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Kalinski, Krzysztof, Marek Galewski, and Michał Mazur. "A Surveillance Of Dynamic Processes on Selected Mechatronic Systems." Archive of Mechanical Engineering 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 347–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/meceng-2013-0023.

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Abstract The paper concerns development of original method of optimal control at energy performance index and its application to dynamic processes surveillance of some mechatronic systems. The latter concerns chatter vibration surveillance during highspeed slender milling of rigid details, as well as motion control of two-wheeled mobile platform. Results of on-line computer simulations and real performance on the target objects reflect a great efficiency of the processes surveillance

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Dharmavasan, S., and W. D. Dover. "Nondestructive Evaluation of Offshore Structures Using Fracture Mechanics." Applied Mechanics Reviews 41, no. 2 (February 1, 1988): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3151880.

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Developments in fast modelling of processes, materials response and methodology in combination with appropriate knowledge based systems opens up the possibility of linking CAD/CAM with Computer Aided Serviceability (CAS) for use in a few industries. This paper reviews the tools and techniques which are available and being developed to implement this philosophy in non-destructive evaluation of offshore structures using fracture mechanics.

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Thilmany, Jean. "Taking the Mechanical Pulse." Mechanical Engineering 126, no. 05 (May 1, 2004): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2004-may-3.

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This article provides details of various applications of data acquisition systems. As data acquisition hardware is coupled with the software, which users can adapt for their own unique applications, data acquisition systems can be configured to fulfil a range of purposes. They are used for test and measurement and for industrial automation, and can serve as the eyes of a production line or the nose of a sensor. At Innoventor Inc., St. Louis, engineers have created vision inspection systems and pick-and-pack equipment for customers; they’ve designed machine control systems and robotics. According to an engineer in the company, data acquisition systems are a check on the confidence that today’s computer-aided design and analysis software engender. Data acquisition systems can be customized for a testing situation or environment. In addition to acquiring data from prototypes, a system can be configured to measure products on a manufacturing line or measure the line itself. Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois used data acquisition software and hardware to develop their Smart Sensor Developer Kit, a chemical microsensor that can identify almost any air bound gaseous chemical.

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Qian,, Dong, Gregory J. Wagner, and, Wing Kam Liu, Min-Feng Yu, and Rodney S. Ruoff. "Mechanics of carbon nanotubes." Applied Mechanics Reviews 55, no. 6 (October 16, 2002): 495–533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1490129.

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Soon after the discovery of carbon nanotubes, it was realized that the theoretically predicted mechanical properties of these interesting structures–including high strength, high stiffness, low density and structural perfection–could make them ideal for a wealth of technological applications. The experimental verification, and in some cases refutation, of these predictions, along with a number of computer simulation methods applied to their modeling, has led over the past decade to an improved but by no means complete understanding of the mechanics of carbon nanotubes. We review the theoretical predictions and discuss the experimental techniques that are most often used for the challenging tasks of visualizing and manipulating these tiny structures. We also outline the computational approaches that have been taken, including ab initio quantum mechanical simulations, classical molecular dynamics, and continuum models. The development of multiscale and multiphysics models and simulation tools naturally arises as a result of the link between basic scientific research and engineering application; while this issue is still under intensive study, we present here some of the approaches to this topic. Our concentration throughout is on the exploration of mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus, bending stiffness, buckling criteria, and tensile and compressive strengths. Finally, we discuss several examples of exciting applications that take advantage of these properties, including nanoropes, filled nanotubes, nanoelectromechanical systems, nanosensors, and nanotube-reinforced polymers. This review article cites 349 references.

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Ashrafiuon, H., and N. K. Mani. "Analysis and Optimal Design of Spatial Mechanical Systems." Journal of Mechanical Design 112, no. 2 (June 1, 1990): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2912593.

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This paper presents a new approach to optimal design of large multibody spatial mechanical systems which takes advantage of both numerical analysis and symbolic computing. Identification of system topology is carried out using graph theory. The equations of motion are formulated in terms of relative joint coordinates through the use of a velocity transformation matrix. Design sensitivity analysis is carried out using the direct differentiation method applied to the relative joint coordinate formulation for spatial systems. The symbolic manipulation program MACSYMA is used to automatically generate the necessary equations for both dynamic and design sensitivity analyses for any spatial system. The symbolic equations are written as FORTRAN statements that are linked to a general purpose computer program which performs dynamic analysis, design sensitivity analysis, and optimization, using numerical techniques. Examples are presented to demonstrate reliability and efficiency of this approach.

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Uzunov, Hristo, Plamen Matzinski, Silvia Dechkova, and Nikolay Dimov. "Systems Engineering Information Model of Vehicle-Pedestrian Collisions." Cybernetics and Information Technologies 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cait-2021-0011.

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Abstract Engineering analysis of motor vehicle collisions as a complex type of research combines the application of scientific approaches from different fields: mechanics, mathematics, structural design, etc. This implies accurate and unambiguous determination of input data and their application in computational procedures for finding solutions in iterative mode. Hence, the reason to apply the specific research method of information modelling in the present study to one of the main types of road accidents, namely the pedestrian-car collision.

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Lemu, Hirpa G. "Simulation-Based Engineering Approaches for Renewable Energy Conversion Systems." Advanced Materials Research 1039 (October 2014): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1039.91.

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The article provides a brief overview of the existing simulation-based engineering approaches with main focus on applications in analysis and simulation of renewable energy conversion systems. Among available numerical simulation tools, the study focuses on finite element analysis and multibody dynamics simulation techniques that are currently attracting the major research attention. Any mechanical simulation task presupposes existence of a simulation model, commonly in a computer-aided design tool. Thus, the approach used to merge design data with other computer-aided engineering environment is discussed and elaborated. This approach is particularly beneficial for design optimization of wind and wave converters to be installed at harsh and unfriendly environment for testing physical prototypes.

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Thilmany, Jean. "Staring Down the Divide." Mechanical Engineering 125, no. 08 (August 1, 2003): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2003-aug-2.

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This article highlights that electrical and mechanical engineers work together on products like cell phones; on the contrary, their software programs do not work like this anymore. Like cellular telephones and computers, all products made up of a combination of printed circuit boards and shaped materials like plastics require a rather tight degree of cooperation among mechanical engineers, electrical engineers, and finite element analysts. But today’s computer-aided design and finite element analysis technology is not advanced enough to let them work as skillfully together as they might. Engineers and analysts still need to translate their designs into a neutral file format in order to pass files between their different software systems, and much can be lost in translation. But a number of engineering software developers are refining products to break down some of those barriers. Electrical and mechanical engineers commonly use the software to work together on projects like the design of fan-cooled computer central processing units and how they are anchored using already-specified techniques that the mechanical engineer has programmed into the system.

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Thilmany, Jean. "Ephemeral Warehouse." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 09 (September 1, 2005): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-sep-1.

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This article highlights how can companies archive their 3D CAD files as their software races toward obsolescence. Digital designs, though, are created on software and computers that are outdated when they are delivered. Computer files can be hard to retrieve in as little as five years down the road. This is a big problem for the engineering community and, of course, for corporations, government agencies, and organizations that store information digitally—in short, for everyone. Most information today—not just engineering data—is created and stored digitally on computer systems that become outdated sooner than bread gets stale. Companies may also store blueprints or CAD documents as portable document files (PDFs) or as tagged image files (TIFs). These are 3D digital files that can be accessed fairly universally from any computer. Again, much is lost, including geometry, when swooshing a 3D file as flat as a pancake.

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Molina, Arturo, Ahmed H. Al-Ashaab, Timothy I. A. Ellis, Robert I. M. Young, and Robert Bell. "A review of computer-aided Simultaneous Engineering systems." Research in Engineering Design 7, no. 1 (March 1995): 38–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01681911.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanical engineering. Computer systems. Mechanics'

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