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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanical system controls'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sun, J. Q., and Qing Xu. "Response Variance Reduction of a Nonlinear Mechanical System via Sliding Mode Control." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 120, no. 3 (1998): 801–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2893900.

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An analysis of a target tracking mechanical system subject to random base excitations is presented in this paper. Sliding mode controls are proposed to minimize the random error of target tracking. Two special cases are studied. In the first case, it is assumed that all the system parameters are known and the state variables are measurable. A sliding mode control is then determined. This highly idealized example reveals the effect of sliding mode control parameters on the reduction of response variance and provides a benchmark for designing a robust controller that deals with systems with unkn

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2

Miki.V, Melvin Paul, S. Prakash, Amarnath M.K.V, and K. Naveen Kumar. "Arduino controller based borewell child rescue system." International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems (IJRES) 9, no. 2 (2020): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijres.v9.i2.pp133-140.

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<p><span>In this paper we have proposed a system for rescuing victims of bore well accidents. The proposed system is light in weight compared to existing methods, portable easy to handle and requires lesser manpower. The system design comprises of a four leg metal stand which supports the whole mechanical assemble the stand is of low weight therefore it is easy to transport it does not requires any heavy duty cranes. This stand has a round housing which holds the DC gear motor which controls the up and down motion of a robotic arm as the arm is connected to the motors shaft with pu

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3

Qu, Zhihua, and Darren M. Dawson. "Lyapunov Direct Design of Robust Control for Electrical-Mechanical Systems Composed of Cascaded Nonlinear Uncertain Subsystems." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 117, no. 1 (1995): 54–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2798523.

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Robust control design of nonlinear uncertain systems is investigated. A system under consideration consists of finite nonlinear systems which are cascaded and have significant uncertainties. Such a system arises naturally from many real physical systems, especially mechanical systems. An important feature of these systems is that they do not satisfy the assumption of the standard matching conditions required by most existing robust control results. General classes of cascaded uncertain systems are identified for which robust controllers are obtained explicitly in terms of the bounding function

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4

Dolgii, Yu F., and I. A. Chupin. "Impulse control of a two-link manipulation robot." Izvestiya Instituta Matematiki i Informatiki Udmurtskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta 57 (May 2021): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2226-3594-2021-57-02.

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A nonlinear problem of controlling the movements of a two-link manipulation robot is considered. The free mechanical system has two first integrals in involution. Methods of classical mechanics are used for analytical integration of the system of nonlinear differential equations. A trajectory connecting the initial and final positions of the two-link manipulation robot in the configuration space is found. Impulse controls at the initial moment of time impart the necessary energy to the robot to enter this trajectory. Impulse controls are also used to damp the speeds of the robot at the end pos

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5

Hwang, Jai Hyuk, Doo Man Kim, and Kyoung Ho Lim. "Robustness of Natural Controls of Distributed-Parameter Systems." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 118, no. 1 (1996): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2889635.

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In this paper, the effect of parameter and spatial discretization errors on the closed-loop behavior of distributed-parameter systems is analyzed for natural controls. If the control force designed on the basis of the postulated system with the parameter and discretization errors is applied to control the actual system, the closed-loop performance of the actual system will be degraded depending on the degree of the errors. The extent of deviation of the closed-loop performance from the expected one is derived and evaluated using operator techniques. It has been found that the extent of the dev

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6

Martynyuk-Chernienko, Yuliya Anatol'evna, and V. I. Slyn'ko. "Synthesizing Controls for an Uncertain System with a Conditionally Invariant Set." International Applied Mechanics 39, no. 11 (2003): 1343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:inam.0000015607.96194.0b.

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7

Fu, Tat S., and Erik A. Johnson. "Distributed Mass Damper System for Integrating Structural and Environmental Controls in Buildings." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 137, no. 3 (2011): 205–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0000211.

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8

Fish, A. J. "Multiple Solutions for a Class of Continuous Nonlinear Systems." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 108, no. 2 (1986): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3143763.

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A nonlinear state space representation of a nonlinear system implies that the system has a unique solution for a given set of initial conditions and system controls. But not all nonlinear systems have unique solutions for a given set of initial conditions and system controls. This paper presents an algebraic theory for solving continuous nonlinear systems equations that have multiple solutions.

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9

Degani, Asaf, Everett A. Palmer, and Kristin G. Bauersfeld. "“Soft” Controls for Hard Displays: Still a Challenge." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 36, no. 1 (1992): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129203600114.

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Future trends in design of controls and displays for cockpit sub-systems (electrical, pneumatics, fuel, etc.), will undoubtedly focus on replacing dedicated “hard” controls with reconfigurable “soft” controls depicted on the sub-system schematic display. This concept would allow for direct manipulation of mechanical components via the display. The case study reported here discusses the approach, redesign, and evaluation of soft controls and multi-functional displays for the Advanced Concepts Flight Simulator (ACFS), a two-engine, “generic” airliner. The redesign effort focused on the input int

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10

Xie, Liqin, Clinton Rubin, and Stefan Judex. "Enhancement of the adolescent murine musculoskeletal system using low-level mechanical vibrations." Journal of Applied Physiology 104, no. 4 (2008): 1056–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00764.2007.

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Mechanical signals are recognized as anabolic to both bone and muscle, but the specific parameters that are critical to this stimulus remain unknown. Here we examined the potential of extremely low-magnitude, high-frequency mechanical stimuli to enhance the quality of the adolescent musculoskeletal system. Eight-week-old female BALB/cByJ mice were divided into three groups: baseline controls (BC, n = 8), age-matched controls (AC, n = 12), and whole body vibration (WBV, n = 12) at 45 Hz (0.3 g) for 15 min/day. Following 6 wk of WBV, bone mineralizing surfaces of trabeculae in the proximal metap

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11

Essa, Mohamed El-Sayed M., Magdy AS Aboelela, MA Moustafa Hassan, and SM Abdrabbo. "Design of model predictive force control for hydraulic servo system based on cuckoo search and genetic algorithms." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part I: Journal of Systems and Control Engineering 234, no. 6 (2019): 701–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959651819884746.

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This article discusses a system identification based on a black-box state-space model for an experimental electro-hydraulic servo system. Furthermore, it presents force-tracking control for the electro-hydraulic servo system based on model predictive control. The parameters of model predictive controls have been tuned by cuckoo search algorithm as well as genetic algorithm. The realization of model predictive controls depends on using a data acquisition card (NI-6014) and Simulink/MATLAB as the core of the electro-hydraulic servo system control system. In this research, the combination of mode

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12

FUTAMI, Sigeru. "A comparison between PI and I-P velocity controls in a position control system that considers oscillatory mechanisms." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 54, no. 8 (1988): 1469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.54.1469.

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13

Schwartzkopf, Steven H. "ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPUTER-BASED ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1181g—1181. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1181g.

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The use of computerized environmental control systems for greenhouses and plant growth chambers is increasing in frequency. Computerized systems provide the potential for more accurate environmental control, while at the same time allowing changes to be made more easily than with hard-wired mechanical control systems. The ease of changing allows switching sensor types, relocating sensors and resetting control parameters without significantly affecting the overall system design. Another advantage of computerized control systems is that they provide a method for recording environmental data as t

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14

Ochi, Y. "Flight Control System Design for Propulsion-Controlled Aircraft." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 219, no. 4 (2005): 329–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095441005x30289.

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The loss of an aircraft's primary flight controls can lead to a fatal accident. However, if the engine thrust is available, controllability and safety can be retained. This article describes flight control using engine thrust only when an aircraft has lost all primary flight controls. This is a kind of flight control reconfiguration. For safe return, the aircraft must first descend to a landing area, decelerate to a landing speed, and then be capable of precise flight control for approach and landing. For these purposes, two kinds of controllers are required: a controller for descent and decel

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15

Hasegawa, Naoya, and Yoshihiko Takahashi. "Control of Soap Bubble Ejection Robot Using Facial Expressions." International Journal of Manufacturing, Materials, and Mechanical Engineering 11, no. 2 (2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijmmme.2021040101.

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This research has developed a soap bubble ejection robot as an amusement system that reads emotions from human facial expressions and controls the ejection of soap bubbles to improve human-robot interaction. A subject's response to soap bubble ejection is read by a built-in face recognition sensor which sends data to a control system which in turn controls the next ejection. Soap bubbles are often used to research children's emotions/emotional responses. First, evaluation experiments of the control system were performed using face photographs that show human emotions. The experimental results

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16

Takeichi, Noboru, M. C. Natori, Nobukatsu Okuizumi, and Ken Higuchi. "Periodic Solutions and Controls of Tethered Systems in Elliptic Orbits." Journal of Vibration and Control 10, no. 10 (2004): 1393–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077546304042057.

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In this paper we study the periodic solution of the librational motion of a tethered system in elliptic orbit and clarify its mechanical characteristics. Basic libration control toward the periodic solution is also presented. A tethered system is modeled as a rigid body, and a set of nonlinear equations of motion about the librational and the orbital motions is formulated. An approximated analytical solution is obtained through the Lindstedt perturbation method. The total mechanical energy is formulated, and it is shown that it has the minimum value when the librational and orbital motions coi

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17

Sharp, R. S. "Optimal stabilization and path-following controls for a bicycle." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 221, no. 4 (2007): 415–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406jmes529.

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The article is about stabilizing and path-tracking control of a bicycle by a rider. It is based on previously published work, in which it has been shown how a driver's or rider's preview of the roadway can be combined with the linear dynamics of an appropriate vehicle to yield a problem of discrete-time optimal-linear-control-theory form. In the previous work, it was shown how an optimal ‘driver’ converts path preview sample values, modelled as deriving from a Gaussian white-noise process, into steering control inputs to cause the vehicle to follow the previewed path. The control compromises b

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18

Chomette, Baptiste, and Jean-Jacques Sinou. "On the Use of Linear and Nonlinear Controls for Mechanical Systems Subjected to Friction-Induced Vibration." Applied Sciences 10, no. 6 (2020): 2085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10062085.

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Friction-Induced Vibration and noisE (FIVE) is still a complex and nonlinear physical phenomenon which is characterized by the appearance of instabilities and self-sustained vibrations. This undesirable vibrational phenomenon is encountered in numerous industrial applications and can cause major failures for mechanical systems. One possibility to limit this vibration phenomenon due to the appearance of instabilities is to add a controller on the system. This study proposes to discuss the efficiency but also limitations of an active control design based on full linearization feedback. In order

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19

Saigo, M., K. Tani, and H. Usui. "Vibration Control of a Traveling Suspended System Using Wave Absorbing Control." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 125, no. 3 (2003): 343–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1569515.

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This paper describes vibration control of a suspended system using a wave absorbing method. Here, we treat a system that accepts a traveling command. This system is called a traveling system. In the previous paper, we treated a system that performs only the vibration control, where the support of the suspended system moves only for vibration control and eventually settles at the original position. This system is called a nontraveling system. In a traveling system, the support moves both for traveling and for vibration control. We present a new control strategy for these two different aims by a

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20

Alleyne, Andrew, and Neera Jain. "Transient Thermal Systems: Dynamics and Control." Mechanical Engineering 136, no. 03 (2014): S4—S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2014-mar-4.

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This is a study focused on the criticality of thermal systems in almost every domain of energy conversion. Thermal systems are critically important to nearly all domains of energy conversion, and controls are vital to extracting maximal efficiency from the overall system. Understanding the dynamics of transient thermal systems is the first step towards effective control design. While a great deal of understanding of steady-state performance of an overall system already exists, the combined performance of coupled and interconnected systems during transients is still not well described or unders

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21

Shieh, Ming-Yuan, Juing-Shian Chiou, and Ming-Tang Liu. "Design of Immune-Algorithm-Based Adaptive Fuzzy Controllers for Active Suspension Systems." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 916257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/916257.

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The aim of this paper is to integrate the artificial immune systems and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobile suspension system, which is regarded as a multiobjective optimization problem. Moreover, the fuzzy control rules and membership controls are then introduced for identification and memorization. It leads fast convergence in the search process. Afterwards, by using the diversity of the antibody group, trapping into local optimum can be avoided, and the system possesses a global search capacity and a faster local search for finding a global optimal solution. Experimental results show

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22

Emaru, Takanori, Kazuo Imagawa, Yohei Hoshino, and Yukinori Kobayashi. "Velocity and Acceleration Estimation by a Nonlinear Filter Based on Sliding Mode and Application to Control System." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 21, no. 5 (2009): 590–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2009.p0590.

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Proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control commonly used to operate mechanical systems has limited performance accuracy due to the influence of gravity, friction, and joint interaction caused by modeling error. Digital acceleration control is robust against modeling errors and superior to PID control, but the need for positioning, velocity, and acceleration knowledge constrains the development of digital acceleration control. To overcome this limitation, this report introduces the system which estimates the smoothed and differential values using sliding mode system (ESDS). Using ESDS enabl

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23

Wang, Hong. "Hydraulic System Design for Hexagon Workpiece Flipping Equipment." Advanced Materials Research 228-229 (April 2011): 719–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.228-229.719.

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Workpiece flipping equipment is widely used in hexagon workpiece multi face and work station processing. Hydraulic drive has advantages of easy linear motion achivement, high power quality ratio and rapid dynamic response, etc. It is an essential element of modern mechanical engineering and one of the key technologies of engineering controls. Hydraulic drive system of the hexagon workpiece flipping equipment was designed, the hydraulic system schematic was drawn, its working principle was analysed. The workpiece flipping was successfully achieved by using hydraulic technology, it obtained good

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Berkmortel, Nicole, Matthew Curtis, Colin Johnson, Alicia Schmidt, Elyse Hill, and S. Andrew Gadsden. "Development of a Mechatronic System for Plant Recognition and Intra-row Weeding With Machine Vision." Journal of Agricultural Science 13, no. 3 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v13n3p1.

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In this paper, an electro-mechanical integrated weed management system was designed, constructed, and tested. This laboratory-scale solution integrated elements of machine vision, controls, and mechanical actuation to selectively remove weeds from within a crop row. The device was validated in a controlled environment using corn crops. Various crop conditions were considered to ensure the robustness of the design. Though some design aspects should be reworked for improved results, the device can effectively be used to facilitate small-scale research for automated weeding strategies.

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Pang, Xiufeng, Mary A. Piette, and Nan Zhou. "Characterizing variations in variable air volume system controls." Energy and Buildings 135 (January 2017): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.11.031.

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26

Pan, Xiao Bin, Yang Pan, and Guo Ping Li. "Design of a Bearing Temperature Monitoring System for Mechanical Press Based on RS485 BUS." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.537.

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A temperature monitoring system for mechanical press’s bearing is presented. As multipoints of the cranks need to be monitored, the system is based on RS485 BUS, which is a distributed, real-time and reliable temperature monitoring net. It consists of the temperature monitoring sub module and the master module. The sub module gets temperature data via thermocouple and MAX6675. The master module controls the whole system with an ARM IC. The system can judge whether the temperature of bearing has exceed the limited value or the temperature is rising too fast, and send alarm signal to stop the pr

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27

Margolis, Donald, and Taehyun Shim. "Instability Due to Interacting Hydraulic and Mechanical Dynamics in Backhoes." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 125, no. 3 (2003): 497–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1591809.

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A backhoe is a tractor-like vehicle that has a hydraulically actuated bucket loader at the front and a hydraulically actuated backhoe shovel at the rear. The operator sits inside a canopy or cab that is mounted to the tractor chassis, and operates the hydraulic controls. The cab is typically isolated somewhat from the chassis using cab mounts. There are instances when the bucket is raised or lowered or wrapped that an instability of the entire machine is excited. In this mode, a frequency oscillation of the vehicle occurs and the operator is unable to keep his hands on the controls. This insta

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28

Li, Peng Fei, Jing Li, and Chun Li Zhu. "Optical Trap Stiffness Online Measurement System Based on FPGA." Applied Mechanics and Materials 615 (August 2014): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.615.189.

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For investigating the mechanical properties of optical tweezers, a data collection/process/control system based on FPGA is designed and developed to measure the optical trap stiffness. A four quadrant detector is used to track the positions of the trapped microsphere, the digital data converted by a high precision ADC is transferred through the USB interface into PC for processing and displaying, and the PC controls an electronically controlled platform to realize zero alignment of the four quadrant detector. Experiments show that this system could be effectively used for on-line optical trap

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29

Zhang, Yong Ping, Shi Jun Luo, Zhen Fan, and Zhi Guo Shi. "Application of Steer-by-Wire Technologies on Wheel Loader." Advanced Materials Research 1014 (July 2014): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1014.76.

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Steer-By-Wire system connects and controls components in steer system to replace the traditional mechanical or hydraulic connection. The connection between the steering wheel and steered wheel is no more than mechanical or hydraulic. Their kinematics relation is controlled by software, therefore the parameters such as the transmission ratio and road feel can be modified in wide range which has great advantages. This paper introduces the structure and principle of wheel loader Steer-By-Wire system, explains the main advantages and key technologies of Steer-By-Wire system.

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Wang, N., E. Planus, M. Pouchelet, J. J. Fredberg, and G. Barlovatz-Meimon. "Urokinase receptor mediates mechanical force transfer across the cell surface." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 268, no. 4 (1995): C1062—C1066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1995.268.4.c1062.

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The tripartite complex formed by the urokinase receptor, urokinase, and its inhibitor is an enzymatic system that controls plasmin formation involved in degradation of extracellular matrix proteins. With the use of magnetic twisting cytometry with urokinase-coated ferromagnetic beads, we applied mechanical stress directly to the urokinase receptor on the surface of human myogenic cells in culture. The stiffness and the stiffening response measured through the urokinase receptor resembled those of integrins, which are linked mechanically to the cytoskeleton. Furthermore, stiffness decreased wit

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31

Davies, W. J., and R. W. Vizzini. "Engine Control Reliability and Durability Improvement Through Accelerated Mission Environmental Testing." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 109, no. 2 (1987): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240016.

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The integration of aircraft control systems for future weapon systems will require the engine control system to meet the mission reliability of the flight control system. This will be accomplished through system redundancy and verified by accelerated environmental testing. Combined environment reliability testing (CERT) will assure control system structural integrity and reliability growth of engine-mounted digital electronic controls. Pratt & Whitney, under contract to the U.S. Navy, has recently completed a 10,000-hr CERT program. Dual full authority digital electronic controls (FADEC),

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32

Lucero, Briana M., Matthew J. Adams, and Cameron J. Turner. "Introduction to quantitative engineering design methods via controls engineering." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 31, no. 4 (2017): 458–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060417000415.

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AbstractFunctional modeling is an effective method of depicting products in the design process. Using this approach, product architecture, concept generation, and physical modeling all contribute to the design process to generate a result full of quality and functionality. The functional basis approach provides taxonomy of uniform vocabulary to produce function structures with consistent functions (verbs) and flows (nouns). Material and energy flows dominate function structures in the mechanical engineering domain with only a small percentage including signal flows. Research suggests that the

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Sheng, Jie, and J. Q. Sun. "Feedback Controls and Optimal Gain Design of Delayed Periodic Linear Systems." Journal of Vibration and Control 11, no. 2 (2005): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107754605040947.

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In this paper we present an application of a semi-discretization method to the stability analysis of PID feedback controls of linear systems with time delay. The method develops a mapping of the system response in a finite-dimensional state space. Minimization of the largest absolute value of the eigenvalues of the mapping leads to optimal control gains. Numerical examples of both time-invariant and periodic linear systems are presented to demonstrate the method. The tracking control problem of linear systems with time delay is also discussed. We have found that the semi-discretization method

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Abeghyan, S., M. Bagha-Shanjani, G. Chen, et al. "First operation of the SASE1 undulator system of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 2 (2019): 302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518017125.

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The European XFEL comprises three undulator systems. All of the systems use standardized mechanical, magnetic and control components. The key elements such as undulators, phase shifters and quadrupole movers as well as their controls are described, with special emphasis on the SASE1 undulator system, which was the first to become operational and has been lasing since May 2017. The role of these systems for the commissioning is outlined with special emphasis on beam-based alignment, which was important to achieve first lasing. Radiation damage was observed. The exposure doses were measured with

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Mata-Jiménez, M. T., and B. Brogliato. "Analysis of Proportional—Derivative and Nonlinear Control of Mechanical Systems with Dynamic Backlash." Journal of Vibration and Control 9, no. 1-2 (2003): 119–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107754603030744.

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In this paper, we focus on the analysis and control of a simple rigid-body mechanical system with clearance. Contrary to most of the existing works in the literature concerning control, we explicitly treat all the nonlinear non-smooth characteristics of this system considered as a rigid-body mechanical system with unilateral constraints and impacts (dynamic backlash). The model is therefore a hybrid dynamical system, mixing discrete events as well as continuous states. The regulation and tracking capabilities of the proportional—derivative (PD) scheme are investigated. In particular, a complet

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Kostyukova, O. I., and M. A. Kurdina. "The construction of discontinuous controls for non-linear dynamical system with uncertainties." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 71, no. 6 (2007): 819–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappmathmech.2007.12.002.

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Sparke, Marc-André, Achim Wegscheider, Patrick Winterhagen, Ute Ruttensperger, Martin Hegele, and Jens Norbert Wünsche. "Air-based Mechanical Stimulation Controls Plant Height of Ornamental Plants and Vegetable Crops under Greenhouse Conditions." HortTechnology 31, no. 4 (2021): 405–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04773-20.

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Mechanical stimulation to produce stable and high-quality crops under greenhouse conditions is a promising alternative to chemical growth retardants. However, plant tissue damage and the lack of full automatization have been major constraints for large-scale applications. We demonstrate the potential of automated, touch-less, directed air stream application systems to control the plant height and appearance of bellflower (Campanula ‘Merrybell’), creeping inchplant (Callisia repens), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ‘Romello’). Plants were cultivated under greenhouse conditions and exposed to r

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Huang, Ruihong, and Zhong-Ren Peng. "Object-Oriented Geographic Information System Data Model for Transit Trip-Planning Systems." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1804, no. 1 (2002): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1804-27.

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Efficiency is essential to Internet transit trip-planning systems. High-quality data models of transit networks hold the key to efficiency of data querying and network analysis. Because of the schedule control and dynamic nature of the transit network, highway-based generic network models cannot be directly implemented by transit systems. In the process of developing an Internet transit trip-planning system, an object-oriented geographic information system data model, which handles the dynamic nature of transit systems, was developed. In this data model, the entire transit network and its comp

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Aravosis, G. D. "Twenty-First Century Truck Electronics—Today's Global Challenge." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 203, no. 1 (1989): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1989_203_141_02.

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The main catalyst for use of state-of-the-art electronics in commercial trucks in the United States is the need to meet EPA emission standards for the 1990s. Important secondary catalysts are fuel economy, anti-lock brake systems and fleet/driver expectations. There are also myriad other forces related to safety, maintainability, servicing and communication which will be satisfied once electronic systems are installed in trucks. The principal economic justification for incurring the cost of electronics at this time is to satisfy these more stringent gaseous emission and particulate regulatory

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Roberts, Susan R., Martin M. Knight, David A. Lee, and Dan L. Bader. "Mechanical compression influences intracellular Ca2+ signaling in chondrocytes seeded in agarose constructs." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 4 (2001): 1385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.4.1385.

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Ca2+ signaling forms part of a possible mechanotransduction pathway by which chondrocytes may alter their metabolism in response to mechanical loading. In this study, a well-characterized model system utilizing bovine articular chondrocytes embedded in 4% agarose constructs was used to investigate the effect of physiological mechanical compressive strain applied after 1 and 3 days in culture. The intracellular Ca2+ concentration was measured by use of the ratiometric Ca2+ indicator indo 1-AM and confocal microscopy. A positive Ca2+ response was defined as a percent increase in Ca2+ ratio above

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De Martin, Andrea, Giovanni Jacazio, and Massimo Sorli. "Design of a PHM system for electro-mechanical flight controls: a roadmap from preliminary analyses to iron-bird validation." MATEC Web of Conferences 304 (2019): 04018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930404018.

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Literature on PHM is focused on research dedicated to the definition of new algorithms to achieve better failures prognosis or earlier and more accurate fault diagnosis, but lacks of examples on the design of novel PHM frameworks and the practical issues related with their implementation. This paper describes a roadmap for the design of a novel Prognostics and Health Management system while making reference to a real-case scenario applied to electro-mechanical actuators for flight control systems.

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Fernández-Cara, Enrique, and Sergio Guerrero. "Null controllability of the Burgers system with distributed controls." Systems & Control Letters 56, no. 5 (2007): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sysconle.2006.10.022.

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Fan, Xian Guang, Xin Wang, Ding Gui Wu, and Yong Zuo. "Portable Measurement System Based on Raman Spectroscopy." Applied Mechanics and Materials 321-324 (June 2013): 688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.321-324.688.

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In this paper, the portable Raman spectroscopy measurement system is presented. The measurement system can detect the Raman spectrum of objects using the advanced technique called Shell-isolated Nanoparticle Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SHINERS). This technique used gold nanoparticles coated with a thin, uniform, fully enclosed and optically transparent shell of silica or alumina so that the gold core generates a large surface enhancement and the shell controls the distance of the core from the surface to be detected. Based on this technique, the measurement system is designed including three

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Nishihara, Kazue, Mitsuo Wada, and Ryouichi Hashimoto. "Postural Control of Living Organisms and Its Engineering Systems." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 4, no. 3 (1992): 186–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1992.p0186.

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Application of the postural control mechanisms to the flexible movemen mechanisms will develop the humaninterface technology which aims to aid and substitute human motor function. In this research study, physiological and biomechanical knowledge of the postural control mechanisms of living bodies are summarized to give basic materials to the future mechanical equilibrating technology. (a) Postural control system of living organisms. The system is composed of four stratified subsystems of spine and brain stem, cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cerebrum. Spinal reflex, which is thought to be a fund

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Healey, A. J. "Model-Based Maneuvering Controls for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 114, no. 4 (1992): 614–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2897733.

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This paper proposes the development of a model following autopilot system for an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) depth changing control. The parameters to command a maneuver are generated off-line and selected as appropriate by the vehicle’s autonomous control system. A series of such preprogrammed maneuvers can be stored in an on-board computer, and used as command generation systems for the autopilot. The paper presents a linear model following control (LMFC) design based on the open-loop linearized vehicle model as the reference model, a robustness analysis of the scheme and simulation

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Yang, Pai-Hsueh, Mark Lemkin, and David M. Auslander. "Using a Hydraulically Balanced Beam System in Control Education." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 119, no. 4 (1997): 815–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2802395.

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This paper discusses a low cost solution to teaching controls in the laboratory through the use of a novel balance beam. The balance beam provides a vehicle to study many aspects of both control implementation and control algorithms. Due to the complexity of the system, a full semester of laboratory exercises is provided for even advanced students. The flexibility of the system provides challenging exercises for different levels of education. A low overall cost translates to accessibility to more schools. The ability to achieve good tracking performance with a simple cascaded loop controller m

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Klingenberg, Bjorn. "Opportunities for Progressive Deployment of Intelligent Transportation Systems/Automated Highway System Technologies in Support of Commercial Vehicle Operations." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1651, no. 1 (1998): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1651-15.

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The U.S. Department of Transportation has undertaken the Intelligent Vehicle Initiative (IVI) to improve transportation safety and productivity by accelerating the progressive deployment of intelligent transportation systems/automated highway system (ITS/AHS) technologies. Commercial vehicle operations (CVO) stand a unique chance to benefit from this initiative. Truck manufacturers and the trucking industry have made great progress in raising the standards of safety and operating efficiency over the past few years, but further significant advancements can be accomplished only by increased auto

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Setiadi, Adi, and Hanny J. Berchmans. "DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTRONIC CAM MOTION CONTROL FOR SYNCHRONOUS CUTTING SYSTEM." Proceedings of The Conference on Management and Engineering in Industry 1, no. 1 (2019): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33555/cmei.v1i1.2.

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Before the introduction of electronic motion controls, the traditional mechanical camwas the best approach to be used in applications that perform repetitive operations. Where theunique feature of the cam system is that the master-follower relationship is always repeated.When the electronic motion control system was introduced, the ability to duplicate the functionof the mechanical cam becomes possible by electronic control drives called electronic cams.Limitation of speed, accuracy, and random space are some of the problems faced by mechanicalcam. This study made a prototype of the high-speed

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Burns and, Daniel, and Thomas G. Sugar. "Rapid Embedded Programming in the Mathworks Environment." Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 2, no. 3 (2002): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1519836.

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New, commercially available, automatic, code-generation tools are used in teaching and lab exercises to progress from controller design, to simulation, and finally to implementation on mechanical hardware. An embedded computing system consists of a dedicated, digital, electronic-processor that controls a system that interacts with the environment. Case studies highlighting a force-feedback joystick and motor servo control with encoder feedback are presented to illustrate laboratory exercises that teach mechanical engineering students hardware-in-the-loop control system design. Using these soft

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Pranav Darji, Chirayu. "IoT Based Sensor for Humidity and Temperature Measurement in Smart HVAC Systems." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 9, no. 5 (2021): 42–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.e5125.019521.

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The initials HVAC stand for Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning. They describe the functions of an HVAC system. This mechanical system’s design is primarily an attempt to take control of the environmental conditions inside the space of work by controlling and monitoring the temperature of a room through heating and cooling. It also controls the humidity level in that environment by controlling the movement and distribution of air inside the room. For determining the temperature and humidity, costly sensors are required. These sensors are the traditional mechanical sensors which can’t off

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