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1

Šlekienė, Violeta, and Loreta Ragulienė. "REALIZATION OF VISUAL PRINCIPLE USING MECHANICS DEMONSTRATIONS OF GRADE 11 IN PHYSICS EDUCATION." GAMTAMOKSLINIS UGDYMAS / NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION 6, no. 3 (December 5, 2009): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.48127/gu-nse/09.6.29b.

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This article reveals the importance of the visual principle in physics education process and its im-plementation using mechanics demonstrations. Visual principle is a guiding principle of educational activi-ties in selecting the contents and the methods of teaching. Physics is an experimental science. Students can successfully master the basics of Physics provided the source of knowledge is a physical experiment based on the visual didactical principle. To optimize the teaching process it is necessary to visualize phenomena, processes or objects. Visualization is significant for problem solving in research and teaching. Physics demonstrations inure to this aim very well. Physics demonstration experiments illustrating mechanical phe-nomena for grade XI are presented and analyzed. The most of mechanical phenomena are characterized by different kinds of forces and energy. The relationships between them are showed by demonstration experi-ments. Demonstration experiments for determining the coefficient of friction, the body weight change of accelerating falling and the potential energy minimum principle are discussed. The place of the demonstra-tions and the possibilities of applying them during physics teaching are analyzed. Reasoning sequences for giving a logical sense to these physics demonstrations are introduced. These sequences have been based on the system of specially thinking schemes and prepared as a guide determining the steady movement toward a correct result. The demonstration and its reasoning sequence enable the pupils to understand essence of new subject, to colligate, to make conclusions. Reasoning sequences, prepared for demonstration experi-ments are efficient in training pupils’ way of thinking. Key words: visual principle, mechanical phenomena, force, energy, physics demonstration experiment, reasoning sequence, logical sense.
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2

Patyk, Radosław, Sylwia Patyk, and Leon Kukiełka. "Determination of the principal burnishing force roller rouhnes surface with regular periodical outlines asperities using numerical methods." Mechanik, no. 3 (March 2015): 194/270–194/280. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2015.3.144.

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3

Debnath, Malay Jyoti. "Virtual Principal of Solid Mechanics." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 8, no. 12 (December 31, 2020): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2020.32625.

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4

Fukuzawa, Kenji, Satoshi Hamaoka, Mitsuhiro Shikida, Shintaro Itoh, and Hedong Zhang. "TuB-1-1 DESIGN PRINCIPLE OF MICRO-MECHANICAL PROBE FOR LATERAL-DEFLECTION-CONTROLLED FRICTION FORCE MICROSCOPY." Proceedings of JSME-IIP/ASME-ISPS Joint Conference on Micromechatronics for Information and Precision Equipment : IIP/ISPS joint MIPE 2015 (2015): _TuB—1–1–1—_TuB—1–1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemipe.2015._tub-1-1-1.

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5

Markowski, W. "Ein neues Prinzip der Werkstoffprüfmaschine." Materials Testing 32, no. 5 (May 1, 1990): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mt-1990-320513.

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6

Agarwal, V. K., and M. M. Carroll. "Admissibility conditions on principal strain invariants." Acta Mechanica 177, no. 1-4 (May 4, 2005): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00707-005-0192-0.

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7

Bremer, H. "Das Jourdainsche Prinzip." ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 73, no. 3 (1993): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zamm.19930730317.

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8

Roy, G. "ORIENTATION OF PRINCIPAL STRESS COMPONENTS." Experimental Techniques 18, no. 1 (January 1994): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1994.tb00807.x.

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9

Zagórski, Ireneusz, Monika Kulisz, and Tomasz Warda. "The influence of technological parameters on surface roughness during turning and roughness prediction using artificial neutral networks." Mechanik 91, no. 10 (October 8, 2018): 898–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.10.157.

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The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether and to what extent the technological parameters of turning (feed, cutting speed) affect selected surface roughness parameters of aluminum alloy EN-AW 7075 (AlZn5.5MgCu). The principal findings indicate a significant impact of feed and show on the surface roughness and simultaneously show that cutting speed has no effect on the value of surface roughness parameters under investigation. An artificial neural network was employed to evaluate the prediction of surface roughness parameter Rz in turning.
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10

Zheng, Li, Su Xianji, and Wang Ren. "Separation of principal stresses in dynamic photoelasticity." Acta Mechanica Sinica 10, no. 1 (February 1994): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02487658.

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11

Ferraro, Rafael. "The Jacobi principal function in quantum mechanics." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 32, no. 13 (January 1, 1999): 2589–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/32/13/010.

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12

Yu, Yifei, Pushpa Shrestha, Charles Nottage, and Chaoqun Liu. "Principal coordinates and principal velocity gradient tensor decomposition." Journal of Hydrodynamics 32, no. 3 (June 2020): 441–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42241-020-0035-z.

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13

Baumgarte, J., and G. P. Ostermeyer. "Bemerkungen zum d'Alembertschen Prinzip." ZAMM - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics / Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik 65, no. 9 (1985): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zamm.19850650918.

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14

Stelzl, Stefan. "Induktive Wegsensoren nach dem Wirbelstrom-Prinzip." Konstruktion 71, no. 01-02 (2019): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/0720-5953-2019-01-02-32.

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Sensoren für geometrische Größen sind in vielen Bereichen des Maschinen- und Anlagenbaus unverzichtbar. Die Erfassung von Wegen, Positionen oder Abständen gehört zu den am häufigsten gemessenen Größen in der industriellen Messtechnik. Ein spezieller Typ von induktiven Wegsensoren, der auf der Induktion von Wirbelströmen basiert, erreicht sehr hohe Genauigkeit und ist weitgehend unempfindlich gegenüber äußeren Einflüssen.
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15

Cheng, Yuan Zheng, and Guang Yu Shi. "Equivalent Mechanical Properties of Graphene Predicted by an Improved Molecular Structural Mechanics Model." Key Engineering Materials 609-610 (April 2014): 351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.609-610.351.

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Based on molecular mechanics and the stick-spiral model, this paper first presents the analytical analysis of the effective in-plane mechanical properties of both zigzag and armchair monolayer graphene sheets. We find that the equivalent in-plane elastic constants of monolayer graphene sheets are the same in the two principal directions of graphene. The effective in-plane mechanical properties of graphene are then evaluated numerically using an improved molecular structural mechanics (MSM) model, in which the flexible connections are used to characterize the bond angle variations of graphene. Furthermore, the effective bending rigidity of the beam representing a C-C bond in this improved MSM model is determined from the energy equivalence over the basic cell of graphene and the force constants given by molecular mechanics. A rigidly connected frame model with the bending stiffness of the equivalent beams for C-C bonds different from the existing structural mechanics model is also used to evaluate the mechanical properties of graphene. The flexibly connected frame model gives very good results of Youngs modulus and Poisson ratio of monolayer graphene sheet. The new rigidly connected frame model presented here also gives improved results than the existing rigidly connected frame model of graphene.
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16

Guansuo, Dui, and Zhuo Xiaobao. "The explicit representation to the principal rotation angle and the principal rotation axis." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 20, no. 6 (June 1999): 653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02464939.

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17

UNEDA, Michio, Ken-ichi ISHIKAWA, Hitoshi SUWABE, and Hiromasa TSUKADA. "Development of Vibratory OD-Blade Slicing using Mechanical Elliptical Vibration Spindle : Vibration Slicing Principle and Basic Slicing Characteristics(Grinding technology)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2005.2 (2005): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2005.2.625.

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18

Sinanoğlu, Oktay. "A Principal of Linear Covariance for Quantum Mechanics and Its Consequences Taking one Beyond Symmetry." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 52, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1997): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1997-1-213.

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Abstract A Principle of Linear Covariance is stated which follows from the "superposition principle" of quantum mechanics. Accordingly, quantum mechanical equations should be written in linearly covariant form which makes them look the same under non-unitary as well as unitary transformations. The principle leads to a non-unitary classification of all molecules (and clusters and solids) into distinct equivalence classes giving hitherto unknown relations between isomeric molecules. One also gets kinetic and thermic selection rules for chemical reactions. All these are independent of, and far more general than any unitary or point group symmetries. The invariants found for each class of molecules or clusters allow qualitative electronic deductions and are more generally applicable than symmetry based quantum numbers.
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19

Yuhai, Chen. "A new hybrid method to obtain viscoelastic principal stress." Acta Mechanica Sinica 9, no. 2 (May 1993): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02487499.

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20

Song, Zhenlong, Minghui Li, Guangzhi Yin, Pathegama Ranjith, Dongming Zhang, and Chao Liu. "Effect of Intermediate Principal Stress on the Strength, Deformation, and Permeability of Sandstone." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): 2694. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102694.

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Although the mechanical behaviors and flow aspects of sandstone have been previously investigated, studies of the effect of the intermediate principal stress (σ2) on the strength, deformation, and permeability of sandstone are lacking. In this work, the mechanical behaviors and permeability of sandstone under true triaxial stress conditions were investigated using a newly developed true triaxial geophysical apparatus. The experimental results showed that with increasing σ2, the peak strength, octahedral effective normal stress, and octahedral effective shear stress of the sandstone increased, and the rate of increase decreased. This is because a larger intermediate principal stress coefficient b has an inhibitory effect on rock strength. In our study, as the ratio of σ2/σ3 increased, the specimen entered compressive strain in the σ2 direction during the first stress drop. The stress and strain path deviations occur during rock failure. The amount of deviation increased as the σ2 increased before the peak stress. This phenomenon indicates that elastic mechanics are not suitable for understanding this sandstone rock during its failure. The permeability evolution of the sandstone under true triaxial stress conditions was measured and analyzed to investigate the effect of σ2. During the complete true triaxial stress-strain experiments, the variation we found in gas seepage velocity could be divided into two stages. Before the first pressure drop, the gas seepage velocity was mainly affected by volume strain. After the first pressure drop, the seepage velocity was affected by the deviator strain, which can change the seepage channels.
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21

Smulsky, Joseph J. "Multilayer Coulomb Structures: Mathematical Principia of Microcosm Mechanics." OALib 02, no. 07 (2015): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1101661.

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22

Milner, P. R. "A modern approach to principal stresses and strains." Strain 25, no. 4 (November 1989): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.1989.tb00708.x.

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23

Haake, S. J., and E. A. Patterson. "The determination of principal stresses from photoelastic data." Strain 28, no. 4 (November 1992): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.1992.tb00812.x.

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24

ESPINDOLA, MARIA LEWTCHUK. "DIRECT HAMILTONIZATION — GENERALIZATION OF AN ALTERNATIVE HAMILTONIZATION." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 22, no. 06 (June 2012): 1250135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127412501350.

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A new procedure named direct Hamiltonization presents an alternative foundation to Analytical Mechanics, since in this formalism the Hamiltonian function can be obtained for all mechanical systems. The principal change proposed in this procedure is that the conjugate momenta cannot be defined a priori, but are established as a consequence of a canonical description of the mechanical system. The direct Hamiltonization is a generalization of the alternative one, where the usual Hamiltonization and momenta are recovered whenever they exist. Also this procedure assures the existence of a Hamiltonian function without any constraints for any mechanical system, therefore the usual quantization is always allowed. This procedure can be applied to non-Lagrangian, Nambu, nonholonomic and dynamical systems since there are no restrictions in this formalism as, for example, the number of equations of motion.
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25

Yuwei, Li, Ai Chi, and Liu Yazhen. "A Calculation Model of the Net Pressure for Forming Map Cracking in Coalbed with Cleats During Hydraulic Fracturing Process." Open Petroleum Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (June 12, 2015): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874834101508010193.

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An important prerequisite for achieving efficient exploitation of coalbed methane wells is through forming map cracking by hydraulic fracturing. In order to analyze the mechanical mechanism for forming map cracking of the coal bed with cleats, the mechanical conditions for forming map cracking during hydraulic fracturing process of coal bed was proposed using extensional faulting in elastic mechanics and the shear damage criterion, and the minimum net pressure calculation model for forming map cracking was established when the butt cleat and face cleat in coal opened at the same time. It can be concluded through using the calculation model that the net pressure value that needed for forming map cracking first decreased and then increased with the increasing of the angle between the face cleat and the direction of horizontal minimum principal stress. The cleats and fissures developed along the horizontal maximum principal stress were easy to open and extend under the effect of hydraulic fracturing. The variation of the internal friction coefficient variation of the face cleat had little effect on the minimum net pressure that was needed for forming map fracturing after the angle between the direction of face cleat and horizontal minimum principal stress is determined.
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26

Zhang, Haihua, Shinichi Akutagawa, and Kun Feng. "Visualization of principal strain direction by a mechanical device." Measurement 164 (November 2020): 108069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108069.

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27

Cherkaev, Elena, and Andrej Cherkaev. "Principal Compliance and Robust Optimal Design." Journal of Elasticity 72, no. 1-3 (2003): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:elas.0000018772.09023.6c.

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28

Qianshui, Zheng. "Quasi-principal axis method in finite deformation." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 17, no. 10 (October 1996): 909–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00147128.

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29

Cannizzaro, Vincenzo, Zoltan Hantos, Peter D. Sly, and Graeme R. Zosky. "Linking lung function and inflammatory responses in ventilator-induced lung injury." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 300, no. 1 (January 2011): L112—L120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00158.2010.

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Despite decades of research, the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury are poorly understood. We used strain-dependent responses to mechanical ventilation in mice to identify associations between mechanical and inflammatory responses in the lung. BALB/c, C57BL/6, and 129/Sv mice were ventilated using a protective [low tidal volume and moderate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers] or injurious (high tidal volume and zero PEEP) ventilation strategy. Lung mechanics and lung volume were monitored using the forced oscillation technique and plethysmography, respectively. Inflammation was assessed by measuring numbers of inflammatory cells, cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) levels, and protein content of the BAL. Principal components factor analysis was used to identify independent associations between lung function and inflammation. Mechanical and inflammatory responses in the lung were dependent on ventilation strategy and mouse strain. Three factors were identified linking 1) pulmonary edema, protein leak, and macrophages, 2) atelectasis, IL-6, and TNF-α, and 3) IL-1β and neutrophils, which were independent of responses in lung mechanics. This approach has allowed us to identify specific inflammatory responses that are independently associated with overstretch of the lung parenchyma and loss of lung volume. These data provide critical insight into the mechanical responses in the lung that drive local inflammation in ventilator-induced lung injury and the basis for future mechanistic studies in this field.
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30

Guicciardini, Niccolò. "Geometry and Mechanics in the Preface to Newton’s Principia." Graduate Faculty Philosophy Journal 25, no. 2 (2004): 119–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/gfpj200425214.

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31

Gil-Martín, L. M., and E. Hernández-Montes. "Principal Sectorial coordinate system." Archive of Applied Mechanics 90, no. 2 (October 9, 2019): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00419-019-01610-4.

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32

Al‐Gadhib, Ali H., and Kerry S. Havner. "Principal Direction Paths in Tension‐Torsion Test at Finite Strain." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 116, no. 5 (May 1990): 1002–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(1990)116:5(1002).

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33

Caner, Ferhun C., Zdeněk P. Bažant, and Jan Červenka. "Vertex Effect in Strain-Softening Concrete at Rotating Principal Axes." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 128, no. 1 (January 2002): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9399(2002)128:1(24).

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34

Minfeng, Huang. "Coordinates of principal stresses for elastic plane problem." Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 18, no. 2 (February 1997): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02458015.

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35

Derat, Etienne, Shimrit Cohen, Sason Shaik, Ahmet Altun, and Walter Thiel. "Principal Active Species of Horseradish Peroxidase, Compound I: A Hybrid Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Mechanical Study." Journal of the American Chemical Society 127, no. 39 (October 2005): 13611–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja0534046.

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36

Chapuisat, Xavier. "Principal-axis hyperspherical description ofN-particle systems: Quantum-mechanical treatment." Physical Review A 45, no. 7 (April 1, 1992): 4277–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.45.4277.

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37

Liqun, Chen, Jean W. Zu, and Wu Jun. "Principal resonance in transverse nonlinear parametric vibration of an axially accelerating viscoelastic string." Acta Mechanica Sinica 20, no. 3 (June 2004): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02486723.

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38

Ioakimidis, N. I. "Two-dimensional principal value hypersingular integrals for crack problems in three-dimensional elasticity." Acta Mechanica 82, no. 1-2 (March 1990): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01173742.

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39

Redner, A. S. "SEPARATION OF PRINCIPAL STRAINS IN PHOTOELASTIC COATINGS BY THE SLITTING METHOD." Experimental Techniques 11, no. 5 (May 1987): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1987.tb00411.x.

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40

Twigg, M. J., and J. H. Butler. "DETERMINING THE CENTRAL PRINCIPAL INERTIA DYADIC OF A GOLF CLUB HEAD." Experimental Techniques 20, no. 5 (September 1996): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.1996.tb00457.x.

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41

Kaur, K., A. Sharma, A. Rani, V. Kher, and R. Mulaveesala. "Physical insights into principal component thermography." Insight - Non-Destructive Testing and Condition Monitoring 62, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1784/insi.2020.62.5.277.

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Among widely used non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, infrared thermography (IRT) has gained importance due to its fast, whole-field, remote and quantitative inspection capabilities for the evaluation of various materials. Being fast and easy to implement, pulsed thermography (PT) plays a vital role in the infrared thermographic community. This paper provides a physical insight into the selection of empirical orthogonal functions obtained from principal component pulsed thermography for the detection of subsurface defects located inside a mild steel specimen.
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42

O'CONNOR, KRISTIAN M., and MICHAEL C. BOTTUM. "Differences in Cutting Knee Mechanics Based on Principal Components Analysis." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 41, no. 4 (April 2009): 867–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e31818f8743.

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43

Willmann, G. "Das Prinzip der Konus-Steckverbindung für keramische Kugelköpfe bei Hüftendoprothesen." Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 24, no. 9 (September 1993): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19930240908.

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44

Ma, Shilong, Zhaoming Yao, Shuang Liu, and Xuan Pan. "Analysis of Three-Dimensional Damage Constitutive Model of Frozen Sand Based on the Influence of Intermediate Principal Stress and Temperature." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (September 26, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8860333.

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To study the mechanical properties of frozen soil, it is necessary to understand the damage characteristics of frozen soil. Four types of three-dimensional indoor tests of frozen sand were carried out at −5°C, −10°C, and −15°C to study the mechanical damage properties. These include different stress path tests with the principal stress coefficients of 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 while analyzing the entire failure process. First, the three-dimensional compression test of frozen sand was studied to analyze the influence of temperature and intermediate principal stress coefficient on the large principal stress of frozen soil. The damage cost of frozen sand under the influence of different temperatures and intermediate principal stress coefficients was also established. Second, using the characteristics of discreteness and randomness of the distribution of the microelements inside the frozen soil and assuming that the failure of the microelement of the frozen soil obeys the Weibull distribution, the Drucker–Prager strength criterion was used as the statistical distribution variable of the microelement of the frozen soil based on the strain equivalence hypothesis, statistical theory, and continuous damage mechanics. This allows for a constitutive model of frozen sand damage under the three-dimensional stress state to be established. Finally, the model parameter values through low-temperature three-dimensional test data were able to be determined. This model allows for the physical meaning of Weibull distribution parameters F0 and m to be analyzed, and the distribution parameters with temperature and intermediate principal stress coefficient can be modified to obtain a modified frozen sand damage constitutive model. The results show that the modified damage constitutive model can simulate the entire process curve of the large principal stress-strain of frozen sand. It shows that the large principal stress of frozen sand increases with the increase of temperature and intermediate principal stress coefficient. Concurrently, the frozen sand damage constitutive model proposed in this paper can describe the deformation behavior of frozen soil under different temperature and stress paths and can be adapted to various other sediment types.
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45

Fang, Jianguang, Chengqing Wu, Qiang Liu, Guangyong Sun, and Qing Li. "Implicit Integration of the Unified Yield Criterion in the Principal Stress Space." Journal of Engineering Mechanics 145, no. 7 (July 2019): 04019041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)em.1943-7889.0001613.

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46

Barone, S., and E. A. Patterson. "The development of simultaneous thermo- and photo-elasticity for principal stress analyses." Strain 35, no. 2 (May 1999): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.1999.tb01127.x.

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47

Robinson, J. S., D. J. Hughes, and C. E. Truman. "Confirmation of Principal Residual Stress Directions in Rectilinear Components by Neutron Diffraction." Strain 47 (June 10, 2010): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.2010.00732.x.

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48

SHIMAMOTO, Akira. "Optical measurement of principal strains in plastic region." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 51, no. 472 (1985): 2765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.51.2765.

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49

Shi, W., and J. Jiang. "Principal Component Analysis Based on Marginal Density Ratios." Journal of Testing and Evaluation 46, no. 3 (November 21, 2017): 20160094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte20160094.

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50

Voitenko, A. E. "Principal energy characteristics of a linear jet engine." Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics 31, no. 2 (1990): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00851841.

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