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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanism of cathodic reactions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Diao, Zhuo, Takaaki Imaizumi, Keita Mizuno, et al. "Investigation on Reaction Mechanism in an SOFC Composite Cathode by Using Patterned Thin Film Electrodes." ECS Transactions 111, no. 6 (2023): 1145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11106.1145ecst.

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The reaction mechanism in an SOFC composite cathode was investigated by using patterned thin film model electrodes. In this work, we proposed new types of model electrodes, which could reproduce SOFCs cathodic reactions in a composite electrode of a mixed conducting electrode and an electrolyte. Then the model electrode was fabricated by choosing La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (LSC) and Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (GDC) as the electrode and the electrolyte, respectively. From the DC polarization measurements of the model electrode, it was found that making a composite of LSC and GDC can improve the cathodic performance

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2

Diao, Zhuo, Takaaki Imaizumi, Keita Mizuno, et al. "Investigation on Reaction Mechanism in an SOFC Composite Cathode by Using Patterned Thin Film Electrodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 54 (2023): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0154176mtgabs.

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Introduction For the further commercial use of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), operating at intermediate temperatures is demanded. When reducing the operating temperature, the degradation of cathodic activity occupies the largest part of degradation of cell performance. Therefore, to improve the performance of SOFCs at intermediate temperature, the activity of cathodic reaction has to be improved. The cathodic reaction of SOFCs proceeds not only at triple phase boundaries (TPBs) of electrode, electrolyte and gas but also at double phase boundaries (DPBs) of electrode and gas, when a mixed ioni

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3

Gummow, R. A., S. Segall, and D. Fingas. "An Alternative View of the Cathodic Protection Mechanism on Buried Pipelines." Materials Performance 56, no. 3 (2017): 32–37. https://doi.org/10.5006/mp2017_56_3-32.

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The conventional understanding of the cathodic protection (CP) mechanism is illustrated in the definition of CP arising from the research of Mears and Brown in 1938. That is, CP is complete when the corrosion cell cathodes are polarized electronegatively to the open circuit potential of the most electronegative anode site on the structure. Typically the reduction reactions, which transfer CP current across the structure/electrolyte interfaces, produce hydroxyl ions and raise the pH at the interface. For steel, an increase in pH reduces the corrosion rate, depending on the degree of aeration of

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4

Amezawa, Koji, Katsuya Nishidate, Zhuo Diao, et al. "(Invited) Mechanism of Cathodic Reaction in Proton-Conducting Ceramic Fuel Cells Investigated By Patterned Model Electrodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 47 (2022): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02471737mtgabs.

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Proton-conducting ceramic fuel cell (PCFCs) is one type of solid oxide fuel cell using a solid-state proton-conductor, typically BaZrO3-based and BaCeO3-based ceramics, as an electrolyte. PCFC is expected to operate at intermediate temperatures with high energy conversion efficiency. One of technological challenges for realization of PCFC is the development of high performace cathode. Cathodic reaction in PCFC is electrochemical reduction of oxygen gas foriming water vapor. Since protons, electrons, and oxygen gas molcules exist in the electrolyte, electrode and gas phase, respectively, the el

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5

Jin, Long, Rong Su, and Feng Gao. "Research on Evaluation of Corrosion Inhibitors for Oxygen Reducing Air Drive Gas Wells." International Journal of Energy 3, no. 2 (2023): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ije.v3i2.012.

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Severe CO2 corrosion and O2 corrosion occurred during the extraction of a certain gas well. Six commonly used corrosion inhibitors for a certain gas well were evaluated through indoor weight loss tests. It was found that the corrosion inhibition effect of No. 1 corrosion inhibitor in CO2 and O2 environments was the best compared to the other five corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion inhibition efficiency can be divided into 96% and 93%, and the dosage is small, which meets the requirements of the target gas well corrosion inhibitor. The corrosion inhibition mechanisms of the six corrosion inhib

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6

Wolf, Marcus, and Anja Pfennig. "Influence of Hydrogen on the Failure Mechanism of Standard Duplex Stainless Steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 Exposed to Corrosion Fatigue." Key Engineering Materials 982 (July 3, 2024): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-qjf7bl.

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IIn a geothermal environment, cathodic protection is employed to improve resistance against corrosion fatigue. However, during the cathodic reactions under applied potential, hydrogen is generated and assimilated, leading to a reduced lifetime expectancy of high-alloyed steels. The corrosion fatigue mechanism of a standard duplex stainless steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 (1.4462) specimen loaded with hydrogen was studied in a corrosion chamber specifically designed for the purpose, surrounded by the electrolyte of the Northern German Basin at 369 K. The microstructural reactions resulting in hydrogen in

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7

Iwase, Sadanobu, Shinsuke Inagi, and Toshio Fuchigami. "Cathodic generation of reactive (phenylthio)difluoromethyl species and its reactions: mechanistic aspects and synthetic applications." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 18 (July 20, 2022): 872–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.18.88.

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The cathodic reduction of bromodifluoromethyl phenyl sulfide (1) using o-phthalonitrile as a mediator generated the (phenylthio)difluoromethyl radical, which reacted with α-methylstyrene and 1,1-diphenylethylene to provide the corresponding adducts in moderate and high yields, respectively. In contrast, chemical reduction of 1 with SmI2 resulted in much lower product yields. The detailed reaction mechanism was clarified based on the cathodic reduction of 1 in the presence of deuterated acetonitrile, CD3CN.

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8

Strebl, Michael P., Mark P. Bruns, and Sannakaisa Virtanen. "(Corrosion Division Morris Cohen Graduate Student Award) Respirometric Monitoring of Corrosion." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 15 (2024): 1641. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02151641mtgabs.

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Accurate measurement of the corrosion rate of metals and alloys under realistic exposure conditions is crucial for the elucidation of corrosion mechanisms, the development of new corrosion protection measures, and for reliable corrosion prediction. A respirometric approach to monitor corrosion rates based on quantifying the rates of the main cathodic reactions during corrosion is presented. With the proposed gravimetric, manometric, or flow cell experimental setups it is possible to follow the rates of the H2 evolution reaction (HER), the O2 reduction reaction (ORR), or both cathodic reactions

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9

Malapit, Christian. "Electrosynthesis for the Invention of New Organic Reactions." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 53 (2024): 3641. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02533641mtgabs.

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Electrosynthesis has emerged as a versatile and powerful tool in organic chemistry, facilitating the discovery and advancement of novel organic reactions. By harnessing electricity, this cutting-edge method generates reactive intermediates, driving chemical transformations to produce intricate organic compounds. This talk will present significant breakthroughs from our research group, showcasing the innovative use of electrochemistry in uncovering transformative reactions. Highlighted discoveries include (a) a site-selective arene C–H functionalization reaction, utilizing nitrogen radical inte

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10

Wang, Shao Qing, Fa Qin Xie, Xiao Fei Yao, and Xiang Qing Wu. "Mechanism of Cathodic Plasma Electrolytic Deposition on Ti6Al4V Alloy in Al(NO₃)₃ Ethanol-Aqueous Solution." Advanced Materials Research 1145 (March 2018): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1145.54.

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Barrier layer was prepared by Micro-arc oxidation(MAO) technique in silicate solution, and cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition (CPED) technique was used to fabricate Al2O3 ceramic coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy in Al(NO3)3(30g/L) and ethanol-aqueous solutions. Surface morphology and elemental of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). Reaction phenomena were recorded and products of reactions were analyzed by infrared absorption spectrum KBr compression method. Furthermore, mechanisms of different electrolytes were evaluated.

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11

Li, Xia, Sixu Deng, and Xueliang Andy Sun. "(Digital Presentation) Understanding the Chemistry and Microstructure Evolution of Cathodic Interface in All-Solid-State Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (2022): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012236mtgabs.

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All-solid-state lithium-ion batteries (SSLIBs) are promising candidates to meet the requirement of electric vehicles due to the intrinsic safety characteristics and high theoretical energy density. A stable cathodic interface is critical for maximizing the performance of SSLIBs. In our study, operando X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) combined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is employed to investigate the interfacial behavior between the Li-ion cathodes and sulfide solid-state electrolyte. Constructing a uniform interlayer

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12

Dang, Trung Dung. "STUDY ON THE PREPARATION OF MANGANESE DIOXIDE VIA CATHODIC ELECTROLYSIS." Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology 55, no. 5B (2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/2525-2518/55/5b/12207.

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A novel synthesis method was developed to prepare manganese dioxide via cathodic electrolysis in potassium permanganate solution. The morphology and the composition of the synthesized products were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The electrolyzed products include two kinds of materials: amorphous and crystalline manganese dioxide. The manganese dioxides were formed by cathodic reduction via two reaction mechanisms: direct and indirect electrochemical reactions. The electrolysis current performa

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13

Asmara, Yuli Panca. "Simulation of CO2 Corrosion of Carbon Steel in High Pressure and High Temperature Environment (HPHT)." Journal of Integrated and Advanced Engineering (JIAE) 2, no. 1 (2022): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.51662/jiae.v2i1.41.

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In HPHT environments, the mechanism of CO2 corrosion faces a challenge as an effect of chemical-physical reactions on the metal surface. The presence of other elements in the CO2 system complicates corrosion behavior. To provide a realistic mechanism for corrosion process, some corrosion prediction models have developed software using fundamental theories such as electrochemical reactions and thermodynamics theories. Existing methods to predict corrosion rate models in HPHT environments have shown reasonable results. This paper reviews software of corrosion predictions which calculate corrosio

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14

Liu, Chenxu, Jin Zhang, Yedong He, Peng Wang, Shunjie Deng, and Shuguang Zhang. "Al2O3 Microspheres Prepared by Cathode Plasma Electrolysis." Australian Journal of Chemistry 70, no. 1 (2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16214.

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Al2O3 microspheres were prepared by cathode plasma electrolysis (CPE) in an aqueous solution of Al(NO)3·9H2O. Compared with high-temperature calcination methods, the CPE method afforded the preparation of microspheres directly at room temperature. The results showed that regular microspheres formed under relatively high concentrations of Al(NO)3·9H2O. The microspheres, with diameters mostly in the range of 5–30 μm, consisted of γ-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3. The possible formation mechanism included the following processes: (1) Al(OH)3 intermediate was formed during the cathodic reactions; (2) plasma en

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15

Kahyarian, Aria, Bruce Brown, and Srdjan Nešić. "Mechanism of Cathodic Reactions in Acetic Acid Corrosion of Iron and Mild Steel." CORROSION 72, no. 12 (2016): 1539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/2177.

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16

Altunöz-Erdoğan, Deniz, Nevin Erk, and Esma Kılıç. "Voltammetric methods of reboxetine analysis and the mechanism of its electrode reactions." Open Chemistry 11, no. 5 (2013): 706–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-013-0213-8.

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AbstractReboxetine (RBX) electrochemical redox behavior at hanging mercury drop (HMDE) and glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) was studied in various pH Britton-Robinson universal buffers using cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry. RBX was reduced at the HMDE and oxidized at the GCE with reversible adsorption controlled and irreversible diffusion controlled processes respectively. The anodic peak is due to the amine and the cathodic peak may correspond to oxygen protonation. An oxidation reaction mechanism is proposed. The linear relation between peak currents and RBX concentration allowe

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17

Cai, Jiyu, Natasha A. Chernova, Brad Prevel, Feng WANG, and Zonghai Chen. "Li₂CO₃ As the Parasitic Reaction Root for Exacerbated Material Degradation and Performance Deterioration of Ni-Rich Cathode." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 2 (2023): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-012619mtgabs.

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Nickel-rich transition metal oxides is widely regarded as promising cathode materials for high energy density lithium-ion batteries for emerging applications in electric vehicles. However, achieving high energy density in Ni-rich cathodes is generally accompanied with substantial obstacles of lifetime and safety. The major issues of Ni-rich cathodes at high working potentials are originated from the unstable cathode-electrolyte interface, while the underlying mechanism of parasitic reactions to material degradation at the surface of cathode materials is not well understood. In this work, we re

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18

Dinolfo, Peter Henry, Andrea L. Mitchell, Charles A. McCabe, and Peter J. Bonitatibus. "(Invited) Utilizing Redox-Coupled Spin-Crossover to Enhance Molecular Bistability." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 56 (2025): 2705. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01562705mtgabs.

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Spin crossover (SCO) is one of the most widely studied phenomena in transition metal complexes, in part due to the possible technological applications of such species in molecular electronics, memory storage, electrochromics, and display devices. Any transition metal complex with a d4–d7 electron configuration, such as 2+ and 3+ ions of Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co, can theoretically exhibit SCO effects which depend highly on the coordination environment and ligand field strength. Redox-coupled SCO processes provide a mechanism to enhance the molecular bistability and trigger transitions between low- an

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19

Zhuzhel’skii, D. V., V. A. Krylova, V. D. Ivanov, and V. V. Malev. "Mechanism of electrochemical reactions of polyaniline films formed under the conditions of cathodic oxygen reduction." Russian Journal of Electrochemistry 45, no. 2 (2009): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1023193509020049.

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20

Kahyarian, Aria, Bruce Brown, and Srdjan Nešić. "The Unified Mechanism of Corrosion in Aqueous Weak Acids Solutions: A Review of the Recent Developments in Mechanistic Understandings of Mild Steel Corrosion in the Presence of Carboxylic Acids, Carbon Dioxide, and Hydrogen Sulfide." Corrosion 76, no. 3 (2020): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5006/3474.

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The recent developments in mechanistic understandings of mild steel corrosion in the presence of carboxylic acids, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide, when place side by side, reveal a simple, universal mechanism despite all the differences conventionally presumed for these corroding systems. These findings are recast into a generic mechanistic view of corrosion in aqueous weak acid solutions herein. In this mechanism, the buffering effect resulting from the chemical dissociation reaction inside the boundary layer, is highlighted as an inherent property of all weak acids. The validity of thi

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21

Ismail, I., and M. K. Harun. "ADHESION FAILURE OF RUBBER/METAL COMPOSITES UNDERGOING CORROSION." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 90, no. 3 (2017): 455–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.16.83764.

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ABSTRACT Rubber/metal composites are known to be highly durable in a normal atmospheric condition. However, when they are exposed to an aggressive environment such as the marine environment, they tend to fail prematurely. The failure is usually caused by the loss of adhesion of the rubber to metal substrate. The aim of this work is to elucidate the adhesion failure mechanism by using a commercial bonding system for bonded rubber/metal exposed in a marine environment. A simulation study that was carried out through a salt spray test indicated that corrosion of the exposed metal substrates induc

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22

Takara, Yuya, and Takahiro Ozawa. "Application of Scanning Probe Microscopy Towards Clarifying the Mechanism of Localized Corrosion." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 15 (2024): 1628. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02151628mtgabs.

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Aluminum alloys are applied to transportation equipment due to their lightweight and excellent mechanical properties, making a significant contribution to reducing CO2 emissions. In the material structure, intermetallic compounds, such as μm-order or nm-order precipitates, are formed by unavidable impurities or components added for the purpose of improving mechanical properties. On the other hand, these precipitates cause localized corrosion around themselves, which lead to the formation of large pits. Localized corrosion is well known to be caused through a mechanism where potential differenc

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23

Wu, Donghai, Yuexian Li, Guanghua Lu, Qiuhong Lin, Lei Wei, and Pei Zhang. "Removal of Aqueous Para-Aminobenzoic Acid Using a Compartmental Electro-Peroxone Process." Water 13, no. 21 (2021): 2961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13212961.

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The presence of emerging contaminant para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) in the aquatic environment or drinking water has the potential to harm the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In this work, the removal of aqueous PABA by a compartmental electro-peroxone (E-peroxone) process was systematically investigated from the kinetic and mechanism viewpoints. The results suggest that single electrolysis or ozonation was inefficient in PABA elimination, and the combined E-peroxone yielded synergistic target pollutant degradation. Compared to the conventional E-peroxone oxidation, the sequential cathodic

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24

Sunarya, Yayan. "3-Mercaptopropionic Acid as Corrosion Inhibitor for Carbon Steel in CO2 Aerated 1% NaCl Solution with Buffer Control-pH." Molekul 13, no. 2 (2018): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2018.13.2.340.

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In this research, 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) as corrosion inhibitor of carbon steel in CO2 aerated 1% NaCl solution with buffer pH adjustment has been studied by means of electrochemical impedance (EIS) and polarization (Tafel plot). MPA was found to be an effective carbon steel inhibitor. Percentage inhibition efficiency (IE %) calculated by both Tafel plot and EIS, ranged from 85% to 90%. MPA was found to affect the cathodic processes and act as cathodic-type inhibitors. Mechanism of inhibit corrosion by adsorption mechanism leads to the formation of a protective chemisorbed film on the

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25

Hu, Jun, Yun Wang, Lijun Yu, Yongqiang Zou, and Yuqi Wang. "An Investigation of a Combined Thiourea and Hexamethylenetetramine as Inhibitors for Corrosion of N80 in 15% HCl Solution: Electrochemical Experiments and Quantum Chemical Calculation." International Journal of Corrosion 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/548031.

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The inhibition mechanism of thiourea (TU) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) mixed in 15% HCl solution on N80 surface was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, and surface morphology analysis. Quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the properties of TU and HMTA. The results showed that the inhibitors can form strong bonds and stable films on the surface, which inhibits the cathodic and anodic reactions in HCl solution and reduces the diffusion coefficients of corrosive particles.

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26

He, Xiang Zhu, Wen Jun Zhang, and Yong Xiu Wang. "Electrodepositon and Properties of Ni-Diamond Composite Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 702 (May 2013): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.702.176.

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Ni-diamond composite coatings are conducted by electrodepositon. The crystal structure and surface morphology of the composite coatings were examined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the mechanism of Ni-diamond co-deposition is conducted by catholic polarization and cyclic voltammetry method. The result reveals that diamond particles are successfully embed in Ni matrix and the coatings have an amorphous structure. Cyclic voltammetry indicate that nickel deposition process is an irreversible electrode reaction and cathode polarization curve shift towards p

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27

Ju, Hong, and Yan Li. "Coulostatic-Based Research on Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism of Three Inhibitors for Hot Dipped Coating Steels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.87.

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The corrosion inhibition mechanism of three inhibitors for hot dipped coating steels in HCl acid was studied by coulostatic method. The results showed that the anodic Tafel slope ba and cathodic Tafel slope bc significantly increased with increasing of corrosion inhibitor concentration. While the corrosion current density Icorr decreases with the corrosion inhibition concentration increasing. And the inhibition efficiency increased with the inhibitor concentration. The inhibiting action of these compounds were attributed to blocking of the electrode surface by adsorption through its active cen

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28

Perevezentseva, D. O., and E. V. Gorchakov. "Electrochemical Response of Gold Nanoparticles at a Graphite Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 1040 (September 2014): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1040.297.

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The electrochemical activity of gold nanoparticles at graphite electrodes by the method of cyclic voltammetry is studied. In this article the nature of the supporting electrolyte, modification time of graphite electrode by gold nanoparticles and the potential range on the value of the “inverse” cathodic peak are investigated. The “inverse” cathodic peak of gold nanoparticles formed in the reaction mixture HAuCl4:Na3C6H5O7:NaBH4=1:1:4 is observed on the cathodic branch of cyclic voltamperegram at Ec = 0.05 V at graphite electrode. The mechanism of stepwise electrochemical oxidation and reductio

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29

Ambrosioni, Brice, Anthony Barthelemy, Dorin Bejan, and Nigel J. Bunce. "Electrochemical reduction of aqueous nitrate ion at tin cathodes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 92, no. 3 (2014): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2013-0406.

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The remediation of nitrate-contaminated water using electrochemical reduction at a tin cathode has previously been shown to give almost quantitative denitrification (removal of dissolved nitrogen species) under highly cathodic polarization. A particular focus of this project was to identify specific role(s) for tin in the reaction in the context of the previous literature. The current efficiency for denitrification was enhanced in alkaline solution, and the reaction was accelerated by the presence of small concentrations of Sn(II) salts, which are in a dynamic exchange between cathodic deposit

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30

Arukalam, I. O. "Inhibiting potential of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on acid corrosion of mild steel and aluminium." Pigment & Resin Technology 43, no. 6 (2014): 394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2013-0059.

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Purpose The aim of this paper is to appraise the inhibiting potential of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on the corrosion of mild steel and aluminium in sulphuric and hydrochloric acid solutions. Design/methodology/approach The effects of two different corrodents on the dissolution of mild steel and aluminium were examined. Corrosion rates were determined using the weight loss technique. Inhibition efficiency was estimated by comparing the corrosion rates in absence and presence of the additive. The kinetics and mechanism of HPMC adsorption were investigated by impedance study while the a

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Tada, Eiji, Akiyoshi Saito, Takumi Kosaba, and Azusa Ooi. "Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Mechanism of Steel in Aqueous Solution Containing Thiocyanate Ions." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 20 (2025): 1360. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01201360mtgabs.

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The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effect of thiocyanate ions on the hydrogen evolution reaction on steel using electrochemical measurements. The material used in this study was cold-rolled steel sheet. The steel plate surface was polished with SiC waterproof abrasive paper up to JIS#2000 grit and then with diamond paste to 1 um. The steel surface was then ultrasonically cleaned with acetone and ultrapure water before being used for the experiments. Buffer solutions containing ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN) at different pH were used as test solutions. Electrochemical measurements wer

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Muster, Tim H., and Johannes Jermakka. "Electrochemically-assisted ammonia recovery from wastewater using a floating electrode." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 8 (2017): 1804–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.060.

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This work presents and explores a novel methodology for the removal and recovery of ammonia from wastewater based upon two mechanisms: electrochemical oxidation and a previously unreported electrochemically-assisted surface transfer mechanism. Recovery of ammonia is enabled by placing a porous cathodic electrode at the wastewater-air interface. In this configuration, the cathode creates local alkalinity and an electric field that draws ammonium ions towards the wastewater-air interface, resulting in near-linear reductions of dissolved ammonium irrespective of concentration. This approach leads

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Wolf, Marcus, and Anja Pfennig. "Reduction of Life Time Expectation of Standard Duplex Stainless Steel Exposed to Hydrogen under Corrosion Fatigue Conditions." Key Engineering Materials 929 (August 24, 2022): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-ke3v7f.

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In geothermal environment corrosion fatigue lowers the lifetime expectancy of high alloyed steels. Therefore, cathodic protection enhances corrosion resistance although hydrogen is produced during the cathodic reactions under applied potential. Corrosion fatigue of standard duplex stainless steel X2CrNiMoN22-5-3, 1.4462 specimen loaded with hydrogen was investigated in a specifically designed corrosion chamber surrounded by the Northern German Basin electrolyte at 369 K. The reactions of the microstructure associated with hydrogen incorporation lowers the number of cycles to failure of specime

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34

Kuzminykh, Maria M., Victoria V. Panteleeva, and Anatoliy B. Shein. "CATHODIC HYDROGEN EVOLUTION ON IRON DISILICIDE. I. ALKALINE SOLUTION." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 1 (2018): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196201.5745.

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The kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction on FeSi2-electrode in 1.0 M NaOH solution has been studied using methods of polarization and impedance measurements. With the help of diagnostic criteria for the hydrogen evolution reaction mechanisms based on the analysis of the dependence of the parameters of the equivalent electric circuit on overvoltage, it was established that the reaction of hydrogen evolution on iron disilicide in the alkaline electrolyte proceeds along the discharge - electrochemical desorption route, where desorption is the rate-determining stage. Both stages are irreversibl

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35

Höche, Daniel, Cheng Wang, Wen Xu, Mikhail Zheludkevich, and Sviatlana Lamaka. "(Invited) Contribution of Oxygen Reduction to Mg Corrosion: Computational Modelling." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 14 (2023): 1135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02141135mtgabs.

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The magnesium corrosion mechanisms are still a matter of discussions. Independent from that there is agreement that the cathodic behaviour is based on the superposition of water and oxygen reduction reactions [1]. Accessing the amount of cathodic reaction contributions to the entire corrosion current density via experiment is challenging [2,3]. In a recent work of Wang et al. [4] a combined experimental and computational approach was utilized to explore the superposition of cathodic reactions during Mg corrosion in aqueous electrolytes for different iron impurity situations. The study shows si

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Zheng, Fuqiang, Yufeng Guo, Shuai Wang, Feng Chen, and Lingzhi Yang. "Corrosion electrochemistry of metallic iron in reduced ilmenite with ammonium chloride solution." Metallurgical Research & Technology 119, no. 4 (2022): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2022046.

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Separation of iron and titanium by reduction-corrosion method from ilmenite had the advantages of less pollution, simple process, and low cost compared with other methods. To identify the determinants for corrosion reaction of reduced ilmenite, the corrosion electrochemistry of metallic iron in ammonium chloride solution was carried out. The metallic iron was oxidized to form dense Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 in NH4Cl solution at pH of 3.60, resulting in the passivation of metallic iron electrode surface. However, the anode passivation film was destroyed by the chloride ions in the NH4Cl solution, which p

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Bergel, Alain. "Recent Advances in Electron Transfer Between Biofilms and Metals." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.329.

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Microbial biofilms produce electrochemical interactions with metal surfaces by following a wide variety of different electron exchange pathways. Reviewing the mechanisms identified in the biocorrosion of steels leads us to distinguish direct and indirect mechanisms for biofilm-catalysed cathodic reactions. Indirect mechanisms are due to the production of metal oxides or hydrogen peroxide (aerobic corrosion) or metal sulphides (anaerobic corrosion), which further react with the metal surface. Direct mechanisms involve adsorbed biocompounds, generally enzymes or their active sites, which catalys

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Qiu, Na, Chanchan Shen, Yongxia Liu, et al. "Degradation of Ibuprofen by the Electro/Fe3+/Peroxydisulfate Process: Reactive Kinetics, Degradation Products and Mechanism." Catalysts 12, no. 3 (2022): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12030329.

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Ibuprofen (IBU), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, is one of the most widely used and frequently detected pharmaceuticals and personal care products in water bodies. This study examined the IBU degradation in aquatic solutions via ferric ion activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) coupled with electro-oxidation (EC/Fe3+/PDS). The degradation mechanisms involved three synergistic reactions in the EC/Fe3+/PDS system, including: (1) the electro-oxidation; (2) SO4•− generated from the activation of PDS by ferrous ions formed via cathodic reduction; (3) SO4•− generated from the electron transfer react

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Zhao, Bin, and Li Ke Zou. "Corrosion Inhibition of Chloroacetic-Acid Modified Imidazoline for Q235 Steel in H₂SO₄ Solution." Advanced Materials Research 710 (June 2013): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.710.41.

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A new chloroacetic-acid modified imidazoline (CAMI) was synthesized via the quaternization of imidazoline intermediate, obtained from the amidation and cyclization reactions of benzoic acid and diethylene triamine, with chloroacetic-acid. The performance of the synthesized compound CAMI as corrosion inhibitor for Q235 carbon steel in 5% sulfuric acid solution was investigated by weight loss measurement and potentiodynamic polarization technique. The results show that CAMI possesses strong inhibitive effect on the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in acid medium and restrains the corrosion without

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Kuzminykh, Maria М., Viktoria V. Panteleeva, and Anatoliy B. Shein. "CATHODIC HYDROGEN EVOLUTION ON IRON DISILICIDE. II. ACIDIC SOLUTION." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 62, no. 2 (2019): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20196202.5750.

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The kinetics of hydrogen evolution reaction on FeSi2-electrode in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution has been studied using methods of polarization and impedance measurements. With the help of diagnostic criteria for the hydrogen evolution reaction mechanisms based on the analysis of the dependence of the parameters of the equivalent electric circuit on overvoltage, it was established that the reaction of hydrogen evolution on iron disilicide in the sulfuric acid solution proceeds along the discharge - electrochemical desorption route, where desorption is the rate-determining stage. Both stages are irrevers

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Hwang, Ye Yeong, Ji Hyun Han, Sol Hui Park, Ji Eun Jung, Nam Kyeong Lee, and Yun Jung Lee. "Understanding anion-redox reactions in cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries through in situ characterization techniques: a review." Nanotechnology 33, no. 18 (2022): 182003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac4c60.

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Abstract As the demand for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with higher energy density increases, the interest in lithium-rich oxide (LRO) with extraordinarily high capacities is surging. The capacity of LRO cathodes exceeds that of conventional layered oxides. This has been attributed to the redox contribution from both cations and anions, either sequentially or simultaneously. However, LROs with notable anion redox suffer from capacity loss and voltage decay during cycling. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of their electrochemical behaviors and related structural evolution is

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Liu, Pingli, Yanhua Zhu, and Liqiang Zhao. "New corrosion inhibitor for 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 67, no. 6 (2020): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-12-2019-2228.

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Purpose A novel compound was synthesized by cyclohexylamine, acetophenone and cinnamaldehyde through Mannich reaction in laboratory to use as corrosion inhibitor for steel in acidification process. Design/methodology/approach The corrosion and inhibition of 13Cr stainless steel in conventional acidification solution were investigated by electrochemical measurements and soaking experiments. The corrosion appearance was observed with scanning electron microscope on the whole surface of 13Cr stainless steel in 20% HCl solution, and the protection film was confirmed on the surface in presence with

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43

Newman, R. C., and K. Sieradzki. "Corrosion Science." MRS Bulletin 24, no. 7 (1999): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400052647.

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Corrosion is a branch of materials research that is, by its nature, “schmutzy” (dirty). It has a reputation as an unglamorous subject and certainly suffers from an image problem in the materials community: the guest editors would like to have a dollar for every time we sat down and discussed “How can we make corrosion sound positive?” Solving corrosion problems requires an understanding of corrosion mechanisms, and corrosion mechanisms are infinitely subtle and interesting. Corrosion processes can often encompass concepts from a variety of disciplines, including thermodynamics, surface science

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José, Adrián Tamayo-Sepúlveda, Alejandro Vásquez-Arroyave Ferley, and Andrés Calderón-Gutiérrez Jorge. "Effect of aeration on the Tafelian behavior of the corrosion of carbon steel in acid sulfate medium." Revista Facultad de Ingeniería –redin-, no. 83 (June 26, 2017): 36–42. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.redin.n83a05.

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This study presents a corrosion analysis of carbon steel by electrochemical polarization tests on a rotating disk electrode at several aeration and hydrodynamic conditions in solution 0.2 mol L-1 K2SO4 at pH 3. The reactions involved in the dissolution of the steel are analyzed by studying the Tafel regions of the polarization curves, confirming that the dissolved oxygen plays a predominant role in the corrosion of the metal. The corrosion rate was 35 times higher in natural aeration conditions than in the deaerated medium. Under natural aeration conditions, it is not possible to make a simple

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Garcia-Costa, Alicia L., Andre Savall, Juan A. Zazo, Jose A. Casas, and Karine Groenen Serrano. "On the Role of the Cathode for the Electro-Oxidation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid." Catalysts 10, no. 8 (2020): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10080902.

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Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), C7F15COOH, has been widely employed over the past fifty years, causing an environmental problem because of its dispersion and low biodegradability. Furthermore, the high stability of this molecule, conferred by the high strength of the C-F bond makes it very difficult to remove. In this work, electrochemical techniques are applied for PFOA degradation in order to study the influence of the cathode on defluorination. For this purpose, boron-doped diamond (BDD), Pt, Zr, and stainless steel have been tested as cathodes working with BDD anode at low electrolyte conce

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Liao, Chen, Marco-Tulio F. Rodrigues, Daniel P. Abraham, Jihyeon Gim, and Seoung-Bum Son. "Electrolytes for High Nickel Lithium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 3 (2022): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-023189mtgabs.

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We have shown different strategies1, 2 in improving capacity retention and reducing impedance rise in modifying additives: in situ electrolyte additives to synthesize the beneficial lithium tetrafluorophosphate components3, 4 or dual-salt electrolytes1 for reducing cathodic impedance. The cathodes we have tested have a LiNiO2 structure with an ultra-low amount of Co/Mn. An improved structural stability compared to that of LiNiO2 can be achieved while maintaining the high Ni content and high specific capacity. Using an optimal ratio of Ni/Mn/Co of 90/5/5 for a LiNi90Mn5Co5O2 cathodes,5 we here

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Paul, Subir, and Bikash Kar. "Mitigation of Mild Steel Corrosion in Acid by Green Inhibitors: Yeast, Pepper, Garlic, and Coffee." ISRN Corrosion 2012 (December 2, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/641386.

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Synthesized organic chemicals, used as inhibitors in mitigating the corrosion of huge quantities of steel articles, pose a major threat to the global environmental problems and health hazards. Naturally occurring products which had been used for natural medication purposes, since the human civilization, are found to inhibit corrosion of steel. Electrochemical studies of the effects of black pepper, garlic, yeast, and coffee on acid corrosion of steel have shown that the corrosion current decreases by manyfold with increase in concentration of the inhibitors. These green inhibitors have been fo

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Chahul, Habibat F., Elijah Maji, and Tanko B. Danat. "Adsorptive, inhibitive and thermodynamics studies on the corrosion of mild steel in the presence of Mangifera indica gums." Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry 30, no. 2 (2019): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auoc-2019-0014.

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Abstract The adsorption and inhibitive behavior of gums obtained from Mangifera indica tree was investigated at 303-333 K using weight loss and linear polarization measurements. The results obtained from both measurements showed that Mangifera indica gums inhibited the corrosion of mild steel in 1.0 M HCl. Linear polarization measurements revealed Mangifera indica gums to inhibit both the anodic and cathodic reactions on the surface of the mild steel thereby functioning as a mixed-type inhibitor. Adsorption behavior of the gums were approximated by the isotherm models of Langmuir, Freundlich a

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Nesic, Srdjan, Negar Moradighadi, Huiru Wang, et al. "Combined EIS/Tof/SIMS Investigation of Iron Dissolution Mechanisms in CO2 Saturated Chloride Solutions." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 27 (2024): 2108. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02272108mtgabs.

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Aqueous corrosion of mild steel is one of the major problems in the oil and gas industry. The current understanding of corrosion mechanisms, mainly focused to the cathodic reaction, was used to build electrochemical models to predict the corrosion rate of mild steel. However, the effect of aqueous CO2 on the anodic iron dissolution reaction was less studied. In contrast, the mechanism of iron dissolution in strong acidic environments has been thoroughly investigated over many decades. Among the proposed mechanisms in the literature, a broadly applicable multi-path mechanism was identified that

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Zhao, Di, Jiali Fu, Yan Liu, Fenghua Guo, and Aichang Li. "Photoelectrocatalytic activity and reaction mechanism of Ag2S/Ag3PO4/Ni nanothin films for rhodamine B." Functional Materials Letters 10, no. 02 (2017): 1750005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604717500059.

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Ag2S/Ag3PO4/Ni thin films were prepared using an electrochemical method. The surface morphology, phase structure, optical characteristics and band structure of the thin films were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis DRS), respectively. Additionally, the films photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) activity and stability were evaluated using rhodamine B (RhB) as a model compound. Ag2S/Ag3PO4/Ni thin films that were prepared under optimum conditions contained nanoparticles that were approximately 25[Form

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