Journal articles: 'Mechanisms design'

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Dworczak, Piotr. "Mechanism Design With Aftermarkets: Cutoff Mechanisms." Econometrica 88, no. 6 (2020): 2629–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta15768.

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I study a mechanism design problem in which a designer allocates a single good to one of several agents, and the mechanism is followed by an aftermarket—a post‐mechanism game played between the agent who acquired the good and third‐party market participants. The designer has preferences over final outcomes, but she cannot design the aftermarket. However, she can influence its information structure by publicly disclosing information elicited from the agents by the mechanism. I introduce a class of allocation and disclosure rules, called cutoff rules, that disclose information about the buyer's type only by revealing information about the realization of a random threshold (cutoff) that she had to outbid to win the object. When there is a single agent in the mechanism, I show that the optimal cutoff mechanism offers full privacy to the agent. In contrast, when there are multiple agents, the optimal cutoff mechanism may disclose information about the winner's type; I provide sufficient conditions for optimality of simple designs. I also characterize aftermarkets for which restricting attention to cutoff mechanisms is without loss of generality in a subclass of all feasible mechanisms satisfying additional conditions.

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Tichánek, Radek. "Dasy Based Tool for The Design of Ice Mechanisms." Journal of Middle European Construction and Design of Cars 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2015): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mecdc-2015-0013.

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Shrnutí Článek prezentuje nastroj pro navrhovani novych mechanismů spalovaciho motoru založeny na znalostni databazi DASY. Z mechanismů motoru byl vybran rozvodovy mechanismus OHC na kterem byl nastroj vyvinut a testovan. Nastroj obsahuje kinematicky a dynamicky model rozvodu napojeny na klikovy mechanismus. Podrobnou kalibraci a naslednou validaci třech dynamickych modelů s měřenymi daty, byly ziskany hodnoty neznamych parametrů modelů, ktere jsou zaznamenany v DASY a mnohe parametry jsou přimo použitelne pro navrh noveho mechanismu i při změně geometrie některych časti. V članku jsou prezentovany tři postupy použite nejen pro kalibraci, ale take pro identifikaci vlivu neznamych parametrů na průběh zrychleni ventilu a jeho kmitani. Nastroj byl použit pro navrhy obrysů vaček pro prototyp realneho mechanismu.

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Majid, Tuba, and Bruce W. Jo. "Status and Challenges on Design and Implementation of Camber Morphing Mechanisms." International Journal of Aerospace Engineering 2021 (December 14, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6399937.

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This paper presents state-of-the-art technologies of camber morphing mechanisms from the perspectives of design and implementation. Wing morphing technologies are aimed at making the aircraft more energy or aerodynamically efficient during flight by actively adjusting the wing shape, but their mechanism designs and implementation aspects are often overlooked from practical sense in many technical articles. Thus, it is of our interest that we thoroughly investigate morphing mechanisms and their nature of design principles and methodologies from the implementation and test flight aspects, navigate the trends, and evaluate progress for researchers’ methodology selection that possibly turns to design and build stages. This paper categorizes the camber morphing mechanisms from a wide collection of literature on morphing wings and their mechanisms, and the defined classifications are based on mechanism’s design features and synthesis methodology, i.e., by the tools and methods used to solve the design problem. The categories are (1) structure-based, (2) material-based, and (3) hybrid. Most of the structure-based camber morphing mechanisms have distinctive structural features; however, the material-based camber morphing mechanisms make use of material properties and tools to enhance the elastic nature of its structures. Lastly, the hybrid morphing mechanisms are a combination of both the aforementioned categories. In summary, this review provides researchers in the field of morphing mechanisms and wings with choices of materials, actuators, internal and external structure design for wings, and overarching process and design methodologies for implementation with futuristic and practical aspects of flight performance and applications. Moreover, through this critical review of morphing mechanism, selective design criteria for appropriate morphing mechanisms are discussed.

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Bergemann, Dirk, and Juuso Välimäki. "Dynamic Mechanism Design: An Introduction." Journal of Economic Literature 57, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 235–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20180892.

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We provide an introduction to the recent developments of dynamic mechanism design, with a primary focus on the quasilinear case. First, we describe socially optimal (or efficient) dynamic mechanisms. These mechanisms extend the well-known Vickrey– Clark–Groves and D’Aspremont–Gérard–Varet mechanisms to a dynamic environment. Second, we discuss revenue optimal mechanisms. We cover models of sequential screening and revenue-maximizing auctions with dynamically changing bidder types. We also discuss models of information management where the mechanism designer can control (at least partially) the stochastic process governing the agents’ types. Third, we consider models with changing populations of agents over time. After discussing related models with risk-averse agents and limited liability, we conclude with a number of open questions and challenges that remain for the theory of dynamic mechanism design. ( JEL D44, D81, D82)

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Pons, Dirk John, and John Kenneth Raine. "Design mechanisms and constraints." Research in Engineering Design 16, no. 1-2 (September 16, 2005): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00163-005-0008-9.

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YE, Wei. "Design of Reconfigurable Parallel Mechanisms with Discontinuously Movable Mechanism." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 51, no. 13 (2015): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2015.13.137.

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Jensen, Brian D., and Larry L. Howell. "Identification of Compliant Pseudo-Rigid-Body Four-Link Mechanism Configurations Resulting in Bistable Behavior." Journal of Mechanical Design 125, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1625399.

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Bistable mechanisms, which have two stable equilibria within their range of motion, are important parts of a wide variety of systems, such as closures, valves, switches, and clasps. Compliant bistable mechanisms present design challenges because the mechanism’s energy storage and motion characteristics are strongly coupled and must be considered simultaneously. This paper studies compliant bistable mechanisms which may be modeled as four-link mechanisms with a torsional spring at one joint. Theory is developed to predict compliant and rigid-body mechanism configurations which guarantee bistable behavior. With this knowledge, designers can largely uncouple the motion and energy storage requirements of a bistable mechanism design problem. Examples demonstrate the power of the theory in bistable mechanism design.

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Chen, Dar-Zen, and Wei-Ming Pai. "A Methodology for Conceptual Design of Mechanisms by Parsing Design Specifications." Journal of Mechanical Design 127, no. 6 (March 8, 2005): 1039–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2044767.

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In this paper, design specifications for the conceptual design of mechanisms are parsed into three coherent categories: functional requirements, structural requirements, and design constraints. Based on functional requirements, the functioning kinematic chain of a mechanism can be constructed by connecting the functioning links accordingly. From structural requirements, admissible kinematic structures are searched from the existing atlases of kinematic structures. Those admissible kinematic structures, which comprise at least one segment with the same characteristics of the functioning kinematic chain, are identified as compatible kinematic structures. Thus, feasible mechanisms that fulfill design specifications can be yielded by labeling joints in the compatible kinematic structures subject to design constraints. With this methodology, classified design specifications are used to guide designer through various stages of the conceptual design process in a systematic manner. The creation of the variable-stroke engine mechanism [Freudenstein, F., Maki, E. R., 1983, “Development of an Optimum Variable-Stroke Internal-Combustion Engine Mechanism From the Viewpoint of Kinematic Structure,” ASME J. Mech., Trans., Automat., Des., Vol. 105, pp. 259–267] is used as an illustrative example.

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Hartline, Jason D. "Approximation in Mechanism Design." American Economic Review 102, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.330.

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This paper considers three challenge areas for mechanism design and describes the role approximation plays in resolving them. Challenge 1: optimal mechanisms are finely tuned to precise details of the distribution on agent preferences. Challenge 2: in environments with multi-dimensional agent preferences economic analysis has failed to provide general characterizations optimal mechanisms. Challenge 3: optimal mechanisms are parameterized by unrealistic knowledge of the distribution of agents' private preferences. This paper surveys positive resolutions to these challenges with emphasis on basic techniques and their relevance to theory and practice.

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Cheng, Yingjie, Peng Song, Yukun Lu, Wen Jie Jeremy Chew, and Ligang Liu. "Exact 3D Path Generation via 3D Cam-Linkage Mechanisms." ACM Transactions on Graphics 41, no. 6 (November 30, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3550454.3555431.

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Exact 3D path generation is a fundamental problem of designing a mechanism to make a point exactly move along a prescribed 3D path , driven by a single actuator. Existing mechanisms are insufficient to address this problem. Planar linkages and their combinations with gears and/or plate cams can only generate 2D paths while 1-DOF spatial linkages can only generate 3D paths with rather simple shapes. In this paper, we present a new 3D cam-linkage mechanism, consisting of two 3D cams and five links, for exactly generating a continuous 3D path. To design a 3D cam-linkage mechanism, we first model a 3-DOF 5-bar spatial linkage to exactly generate a prescribed 3D path and then reduce the spatial linkage's DOFs from 3 to 1 by composing the linkage with two 3D cam-follower mechanisms. Our computational approach optimizes the 3D cam-linkage mechanism's topology and geometry to minimize the mechanism's total weight while ensuring smooth, collision-free, and singularity-free motion. We show that our 3D cam-linkage mechanism is able to exactly generate a continuous 3D path with arbitrary shape and a finite number of C 0 points, evaluate the mechanism's kinematic performance with 3D printed prototypes, and demonstrate that the mechanism can be generalized for exact 3D motion generation.

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Doval, Laura, and Vasiliki Skreta. "Mechanism Design With Limited Commitment." Econometrica 90, no. 4 (2022): 1463–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/ecta16846.

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We develop a tool akin to the revelation principle for dynamic mechanism‐selection games in which the designer can only commit to short‐term mechanisms. We identify a canonical class of mechanisms rich enough to replicate the outcomes of any equilibrium in a mechanism‐selection game between an uninformed designer and a privately informed agent. A cornerstone of our methodology is the idea that a mechanism should encode not only the rules that determine the allocation, but also the information the designer obtains from the interaction with the agent. Therefore, how much the designer learns, which is the key tension in design with limited commitment, becomes an explicit part of the design. Our result simplifies the search for the designer‐optimal outcome by reducing the agent's behavior to a series of participation, truth telling, and Bayes' plausibility constraints the mechanisms must satisfy.

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Abdulkadiroğlu, Atila, and Tayfun Sönmez. "School Choice: A Mechanism Design Approach." American Economic Review 93, no. 3 (May 1, 2003): 729–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/000282803322157061.

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A central issue in school choice is the design of a student assignment mechanism. Education literature provides guidance for the design of such mechanisms but does not offer specific mechanisms. The flaws in the existing school choice plans result in appeals by unsatisfied parents. We formulate the school choice problem as a mechanism design problem and analyze some of the existing school choice plans including those in Boston, Columbus, Minneapolis, and Seattle. We show that these existing plans have serious shortcomings, and offer two alternative mechanisms each of which may provide a practical solution to some critical school choice issues.

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Bai, S., and J. Angeles. "The design of spherical multilobe-cam mechanisms." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 223, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1154.

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Cam—roller mechanisms can be used in transmissions and robotic devices as an alternative to their bevel-gear counterparts. As bevel gears are used to couple shafts of intersecting axes, their cam-mechanism replacements are bound to have intersecting axes as well. This means that the contact surface of the cam must be conical, which leads to spherical cam mechanisms. Compared with gear transmissions, cam—roller mechanisms feature low friction, low backlash, and high strength. However, cam mechanisms may end up with a high pressure angle if negative action, a motion in which the cam is driven by mechanism rollers, occurs. This article reports the design of transmissions with spherical multilobe cams (MLCs), as a means to reduce the pressure angle. The kinematics of MLC, including profile generation, undercutting-avoidance, and transmission-quality evaluation, is studied here. A case study has been included, in which the synthesis of a spherical MLC transmission is undertaken as a means to improve the transmission quality of a spherical epicyclic gear train. This train was introduced with the purpose of producing a singularity-free, unlimited-workspace pitch—roll wrist.

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Li, Tao, and Marco Ceccarelli. "A design procedure for conceptual design of mechanisms." International Journal of Mechanisms and Robotic Systems 1, no. 2/3 (2013): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmrs.2013.057177.

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Kim, Charles J., Sridhar Kota, and Yong-Mo Moon. "An Instant Center Approach Toward the Conceptual Design of Compliant Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Design 128, no. 3 (July 29, 2005): 542–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2181992.

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As with conventional mechanisms, the conceptual design of compliant mechanisms is a blend of art and science. It is generally performed using one of two methods: topology optimization or the pseudo-rigid-body model. In this paper, we present a new conceptual design methodology which utilizes a building block approach for compliant mechanisms performing displacement amplification/attenuation. This approach provides an interactive, intuitive, and systematic methodology for generating initial compliant mechanism designs. The instant center is used as a tool to construct the building blocks. The compliant four-bar building block and the compliant dyad building block are presented as base mechanisms for the conceptual design. It is found that it is always possible to obtain a solution for the geometric advantage problem with an appropriate combination of these building blocks. In a building block synthesis, a problem is first evaluated to determine if any known building blocks can satisfy the design specifications. If there are none, the problem is decomposed to a number of sub-problems which may be solved with the building blocks. In this paper, the problem is decomposed by selecting a point in the design space where the output of the first building block coincides with the second building block. Two quantities are presented as tools to aid in the determination of the mechanism's geometry – (i) an index relating the geometric advantage of individual building blocks to the target geometric advantage and (ii) the error in the geometric advantage predicted by instant centers compared to the calculated value from FEA. These quantities guide the user in the selection of the location of nodes of the mechanism. Determination of specific cross-sectional size is reserved for subsequent optimization. An example problem is provided to demonstrate the methodology's capacity to obtain good initial designs in a straightforward manner. A size and geometry optimization is performed to demonstrate the viability of the design.

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Bhatta, Sambasiva R., and Ashok K. Goel. "From design experiences to generic mechanisms: Model-based learning in analogical design." Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing 10, no. 2 (April 1996): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890060400001372.

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AbstractAnalogical reasoning plays an important role in design. In particular, cross-domain analogies appear to be important in innovative and creative design. However, making cross-domain analogies is hard and often requires abstractions common to the source and target domains. Recent work in case-based design suggests that generic mechanisms are one type of abstractions useful in adapting past designs. However, one important yet unexplored issue is where these generic mechanisms come from. We hypothesize that they are acquired incrementally from design experiences in familiar domains by abstraction over patterns of regularity. Three important issues in abstraction from experiences are what to abstract from an experience, how far to abstract, and what methods to use. In this short paper, we describe how structure-behavior-function models of designs in a familiar domain provide the content, and together with the problem-solving context in which learning occurs, also provide the constraints for learning generic mechanisms from design experiences. In particular, we describe the model-based learning method with a scenario of learning feedback mechanism.

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Hsu, Meng Hui, Hsueh Yu Chen, Ting Sheng Weng, and Feng Chi Liu. "Topology Structure Design of 12 Flapping-Wing Mechanisms." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 887–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.887.

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People used the Micro Air Vehicles to patrol the military activity or explore the danger region.The important parts of Micro Air Vehicles are the flapping-wing mechanisms those can simulate the wing-motion of flying being.Hence this work is to present a systematic approach for designing new flapping-wing mechanisms with one degree of freedom that can simulate the wing-motion of long ear bats and insects.First,we analyze the topological structure and motion characteristics of existed flapping mechanisms.Then, the design criteria of the topological structure are described.Based on the design criteria of topology, the methodology of mechanism design is applied to synthesize new flapping-wing mechanisms. Finally, this research of the provide method can obtain 12 new flapping -wing mechanisms and one prototype of a flying insect mechanism.

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Chen, Jun, Yan Li Xu, and Dan Liu. "Parameterized Model Design and Extension for Principal-Agent Incentive Mechanism." Applied Mechanics and Materials 55-57 (May 2011): 1869–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.55-57.1869.

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Parameterized model of principal-agent incentive mechanism has been designed through mathematical analysis in this paper. The analysis of monitoring mechanism is introduced in the principal-agent incentive mechanism, which extends the theoretical framework of incentives. The results show that: monitoring mechanisms and incentive mechanisms are relevant and the interaction between them has a substitution effect. They can encourage or induce an agent to work hard. Therefore, incentive mechanisms and monitoring mechanisms should be taken into account in the process of compensation contract formation. The introduction of monitoring mechanisms not only has some innovations in theory, but also has great value in practice.

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Zhao, Jing-Shan. "Editorial - Innovative Design of Mechanisms." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (March 22, 2012): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01206010025.

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Yin, Luzhong, and G. K. Ananthasuresh. "Design of Distributed Compliant Mechanisms." Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 31, no. 2 (January 6, 2003): 151–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/sme-120020289.

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Tillio, Alfredo di, Nenad Kos, and Matthias Messner. "The Design of Ambiguous Mechanisms." Review of Economic Studies 84, no. 1 (October 18, 2016): 237–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdw051.

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Zeng, Qiang, Kornel F. Ehmann, and Jian Cao. "Design of general kinematotropic mechanisms." Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 38 (April 2016): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rcim.2015.10.005.

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Dooner, David B., and Teik C. Lim. "Design of Direct Contact Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanical Design 129, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2363415.

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Su, Xiao-Ping S., and Henry S. Yang. "Design of compliant microleverage mechanisms." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 87, no. 3 (January 2001): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-4247(00)00488-x.

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Chiou, Shean-Juinn, and Kota Sridhar. "Automated conceptual design of mechanisms." Mechanism and Machine Theory 34, no. 3 (April 1999): 467–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0094-114x(98)00037-8.

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Stastny, Jiri, and Vit Motycka. "Design Optimization of Lifting Mechanisms." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 471 (February 23, 2019): 062032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/471/6/062032.

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Theodorakis, Panagiotis E., Erich A. Müller, Richard V. Craster, and Omar K. Matar. "Superspreading: Mechanisms and Molecular Design." Langmuir 31, no. 8 (February 18, 2015): 2304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la5044798.

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Luck, Kurt, Karl-Heinz Modler, and Jörg Reber. "Computer-aided design in mechanisms." Mechanism and Machine Theory 20, no. 4 (1985): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-114x(85)90034-5.

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Chen, Ting-Yu, and Chen-Ming Yang. "Multidisciplinary design optimization of mechanisms." Advances in Engineering Software 36, no. 5 (May 2005): 301–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2004.10.013.

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Wilson, John L., and Chenggang Shi. "Coordination mechanisms for cooperative design." Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 9, no. 4 (August 1996): 453–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0952-1976(96)00031-0.

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Wang, A. C., and T. W. Lee. "Design and Analysis of Momentary-Dwell Mechanisms." Journal of Mechanisms, Transmissions, and Automation in Design 107, no. 1 (March 1, 1985): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3258676.

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This paper presents a general theory for the dwell characteristics and for the synthesis of momentary-dwell mechanisms. Dwell conditions are obtained from the simultaneous solution of a set of equations derived recursively through the differentiations of a general form of displacement equation. A general synthesis approach is presented. It involves the use of analytical solutions of the lower-order dwell criteria as initial estimates and the development of a computer-aided procedure to subsequently readjust the mechanism proportions by heuristic optimization. The proportions thus obtained represent tradeoffs among higher orders of dwell and various prescribed kinematic and dynamic characteristics. For most practical purposes, such a solution is useful and acceptable. The coupler-dwell mechanism is used to illustrate the theory and approach. In particular, two mechanisms design problems are investigated. One deals with the kinematic synthesis of a six-bar coupler mechanism with shockless dwell and with prescribed unlimited crank rotations as well as optimum transmission; and the other concerns the design of a chain-linkage drive, including an analysis on the effect of the chain dynamics.

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TAKEDA, Yukio. "Parallel Mechanisms. Kinematic Design of In-Parallel Actuated Mechanisms." Journal of the Japan Society for Precision Engineering 63, no. 12 (1997): 1651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2493/jjspe.63.1651.

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Ceccarelli, Marco, and Alessandro Gasparetto. "Mechanism Design for Robotics." Robotics 8, no. 2 (April 19, 2019): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics8020030.

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MEDER 2018, the IFToMM International Symposium on Mechanism Design for Robotics, was the fourth event of a series that was started in 2010 as a specific conference activity on mechanisms for robots [...]

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Xu, Shi Fu, Xiao Qiang Du, Lei Zhang, Xi Wei Yang, and Li Hui Lao. "One Method of Innovative Design for Planar Mechanisms." Advanced Materials Research 308-310 (August 2011): 596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.308-310.596.

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The mechanism innovative design plays a quite important role in mechanical product processing. In this paper, a systematic method is proposed, in which restructuring based on the link number, the adding and subtracting links, the topological evaluation and isomeric mechanism are all contained, improving Yan’s Creative Mechanism Design Methodology. More probable, simple, lightweight mechanisms are obtained. An example is cited to illustrate the proposed method.

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ÖZGÜN, CAN, and ABDULLA GABİL. "Design of a new rotary dobby mechanism." Industria Textila 69, no. 06 (January 1, 2019): 429–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.069.06.1484.

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Special cam mechanisms which require advanced technology are used in the drive mechanism of nowadays rotary dobbies. Electromagnets are generally preferred in the selection mechanisms which increase the cost of production and make the maintenance more difficult. This work aims to design a new rotary dobby different from the other dobbies. First of all, the design and synthesis of a new drive mechanism with eight members, equal and double standby at 180° oscillating motion was developed. The results of the research revealed that both the theoretical and the experimental values of the waiting angles of drive mechanism are compatible with each other. Thus, it has been proposed that designed mechanism can be used instead of the special cams mechanisms in the rotary dobbies. Pneumatic pistons and locks have been used in the selection mechanism of rotating dobby developed in the study. During the performence tests, it has been observed that the pneumatic piston and locks can be used instead of the electromagnets by providing that they work in harmony with each other. As a conclusion, when the working performance of dobby was observed, it was confirmed that dobby worked with a high performance and durably with all of its mechanisms. Additionally the shedding process was precisely carried out. Finally a new rotary dobby which was easy to construct with low cost has been designed and produced.

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Chen, Yong, Peien Feng, Bin He, Zhonquin Lin, and Youbai Xie. "Automated Conceptual Design of Mechanisms Using Improved Morphological Matrix." Journal of Mechanical Design 128, no. 3 (July 21, 2005): 516–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2180807.

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Conceptual design of mechanisms has attracted a number of research efforts in recent years due to its significance in product development. However, existing approaches for automated conceptual design of mechanisms are either prone to a loss of optimal solutions or inextensible to achieve conceptual design of complex mechanisms. This paper is devoted to developing a comprehensive and extensible methodology for automated conceptual design of mechanisms utilizing a design prototype synthesis methodology. To support automated mechanism synthesis effectively, the traditional morphological matrix is improved as a motional function matrix (MFM). In addition, a mechanism prototype knowledge base is developed to provide systematic knowledge support for conceptual design decision-making. Based on the integrated MFM, an exhaustive mechanism synthesis algorithm is developed to yield as many solutions as possible to desired functions to facilitate the discovery of novel and optimal combinatorial solutions. To curb the possible combinatorial explosion from the exhaustive search, a performance constraint verification approach is proposed to help designers filter out combinatorial solutions violating performance constraints, followed by a satisfaction degree-based approach for evaluating the total performances of combinatorial solutions according to the performances of their subsolutions. An automated mechanism conceptual design prototype system is developed and a design case is presented to illustrate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed methodology.

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Li, Temei, and Shahram Payandeh. "Design of spherical parallel mechanisms for application to laparoscopic surgery." Robotica 20, no. 2 (March 2002): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574701003873.

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This paper addresses an optimal study of workspace for spherical parallel mechanism for laparoscopic surgery. The spherical parallel manipulator has been selected because of its characteristics. Two designs have been studied for maximizing their workspaces; a haptic device, as part of training system, and a laparoscope holding mechanism. The laparoscope holding mechanism has to satisfy additional constraints by minimizing the occupied space above the patient. The objective is to solve design problem to offer the maximal workspace for such mechanisms. The design of a haptic interface and the laparoscope holding mechanism based on the optimal parameters are presented. This paper presents a Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach for selecting optimal design parameters for maximizing workspace of spherical parallel mechanism.

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Guo, Mingyu, and Vincent Conitzer. "Computationally Feasible Automated Mechanism Design: General Approach and Case Studies." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, no. 1 (July 5, 2010): 1676–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7708.

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In many multiagent settings, a decision must be made based on the preferences of multiple agents, and agents may lie about their preferences if this is to their benefit. In mechanism design, the goal is to design procedures (mechanisms) for making the decision that work in spite of such strategic behavior, usually by making untruthful behavior suboptimal. In automated mechanism design, the idea is to computationally search through the space of feasible mechanisms, rather than to design them analytically by hand. Unfortunately, the most straightforward approach to automated mechanism design does not scale to large instances, because it requires searching over a very large space of possible functions. In this paper, we describe an approach to automated mechanism design that is computationally feasible. Instead of optimizing over all feasible mechanisms, we carefully choose a parameterized subfamily of mechanisms. Then we optimize over mechanisms within this family, and analyze whether and to what extent the resulting mechanism is suboptimal outside the subfamily. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach with two case studies.

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Yue, Wenchao, Ruijie Tang, Joei Simin Wong, and Hongliang Ren. "Deployable Tubular Mechanisms Integrated with Magnetic Anchoring and Guidance System." Actuators 11, no. 5 (April 28, 2022): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11050124.

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Deployable mechanism has received more attention in the medical field due to its simple structure, dexterity, and flexibility. Meanwhile, the advantages of the Magnetic Anchoring and Guidance System (MAGS) are further highlighted by the fact that the operators can remotely control the corresponding active and passive magnetic parts in vivo. Additionally, MAGS allows the untethered manipulation of intracorporeal devices. However, the conventional instruments in MAGS are normally rigid, compact, and less flexible. Therefore, to solve this problem, four novel deployable tubular mechanisms, Design 1 (Omega-shape mechanism), Design 2 (Fulcrum-shape mechanism), Design 3 (Archway-shape mechanism), and Design 4 (Scissor-shape mechanism) in this paper, are proposed integrated with MAGS to realize the laser steering capability. Firstly, this paper introduces the motion mechanism of the four designs and analyzes the motion characterization of each structure through simulation studies. Further, the prototypes of four designs are fabricated using tubular structures with embedded magnets. The actuation success rate, the workspace characterization, the force generation and the load capability of four mechanisms are tested and analyzed based on experiments. Then, the demonstration of direct laser steering via macro setup shows that the four mechanisms can realize the laser steering capability within the error of 0.6 cm. Finally, the feasibility of indirect laser steering via a macro-mini setup is proven. Therefore, such exploration demonstrates that the application of the deployable tubular mechanisms integrated with MAGS towards in vivo treatment is promising.

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Arakelian, Vigen, Jean-Paul Le Baron, and Manuk Mkrtchyan. "Design of Scotch yoke mechanisms with improved driving dynamics." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 230, no. 4 (November 9, 2016): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419315614431.

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Input torque balancing through addition of an auxiliary mechanism is a well-known way to improve the dynamic behavior of mechanisms. One of the more efficient methods used to solve this problem is creating a cam-spring mechanism. However, the use of a cam mechanism is not always possible or desirable because of the wear effect due to the contact stresses and high friction between the roller and the cam. The Scotch yoke mechanism is most commonly used in control valve actuators in high-pressure oil and gas pipelines, as well as in various internal combustion engines, such as the Bourke engine, SyTech engine and many hot air engines and steam engines. This mechanism does not create lateral forces on the piston. Therefore, the main advantages of applications include reducing friction, vibration and piston wear, as well as smaller engine dimensions. However, the input torque of the Scotch yoke mechanism is variable and can be balanced. This paper proposes to balance the input torque of Scotch yoke mechanisms without any auxiliary linkage just by adding linear springs to the output slider. It is shown that after cancellation of inertial effects the input torque due to friction in joints becomes constant, which facilitates the control of the mechanism. An optimal control is considered to improve the operation of balanced Scotch yoke mechanisms. The efficiency of the suggested technique is illustrated via simulations carried out by using ADAMS software.

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Liu, Tinghao, and Guangbo Hao. "Design of Deployable Structures by Using Bistable Compliant Mechanisms." Micromachines 13, no. 5 (April 19, 2022): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050651.

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A deployable structure can significantly change its geometric shape by switching lattice configurations. Using compliant mechanisms as the lattice units can prevent wear and friction among multi-part mechanisms. This work presents two distinctive deployable structures based on a programmable compliant bistable lattice. Several novel parameters are introduced into the bistable mechanism to better control the behaviour of bistable mechanisms. By adjusting the defined geometry parameters, the programmable bistable lattices can be optimized for specific targets such as a larger deformation range or higher stability. The first structure is designed to perform 1D deployable movement. This structure consists of multi-series-connected bistable lattices. In order to explore the 3D bistable characteristic, a cylindrical deployable mechanism is designed based on the curved double tensural bistable lattice. The investigation of bistable lattices mainly involves four types of bistable mechanisms. These bistable mechanisms are obtained by dividing the long segment of traditional compliant bistable mechanisms into two equal parts and setting a series of angle data to them, respectively. The experiment and FEA simulation results confirm the feasibility of the compliant deployable structures.

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Wu, Yi Chang, Li An Chen, and Tze Cheng Wu. "Design of 3-Speed Bicycle Transmission Hubs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 228–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.228.

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This paper presents the embodiment designs of 3-speed transmission hubs which consist of basic planetary gear mechanisms and gear-shifting control mechanisms. Two feasible clutching sequence tables are synthesized by analyzing the kinematic structure of the gear mechanism. A mechanical control mechanism is used to control the engagement or disengagement of each clutch to guide the power flow from the rear sprocket via the gear mechanism to the hub shell. The power transmission path at each gear stage is further checked to verify the validity of the transmission hub. The embodiment designs of two 3-speed transmission hubs are presented.

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Le Chau, Ngoc, Ngoc Thoai Tran, and Thanh-Phong Dao. "An Optimal Design Method for Compliant Mechanisms." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (March 2, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5599624.

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Compliant mechanisms are crucial parts in precise engineering but modeling techniques are restricted by a high complexity of their mechanical behaviors. Therefore, this paper devotes an optimal design method for compliant mechanisms. The integration method is a hybridization of statistics, finite element method, artificial intelligence, and metaheuristics. In order to demonstrate the superiority of the method, one degree of freedom is considered as a study object. Firstly, numerical datasets are achieved by the finite element method. Subsequently, the main design parameters of the mechanism are identified via analysis of variance. Desirability of both displacement and frequency of the mechanism is determined, and then, they are embedded inside a fuzzy logic system to combine into a single fitness function. Then, the relationship between the fine design variables and the fitness function is modeled using the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system. Next, the single fitness function is maximized via moth-flame optimization algorithm. The optimal results determined that the frequency is 79.517 Hz and displacement is 1.897 mm. In terms of determining the global optimum solution, the current method is compared with the Taguchi, desirability, and Taguchi-integrated fuzzy methods. The results showed that the current method is better than those methods. Additionally, the devoted method outperforms the other metaheuristic algorithms such as TLBO, Jaya, PSOGSA, SCA, ALO, and LAPO in terms of faster convergence. The result of this study will be considered to apply for multiple-degrees-of-freedom compliant mechanisms in future work.

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Conitzer, Vincent, and Makoto Yokoo. "Using Mechanism Design to Prevent False-Name Manipulations." AI Magazine 31, no. 4 (September 20, 2010): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v31i4.2315.

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The basic notion of false-name-proofness allows for useful mechanisms under certain circumstances, but in general there are impossibility results that show that false-name-proof mechanisms have severe limitations. One may react to these impossibility results by saying that, since false-name-proof mechanisms are unsatisfactory, we should not run any important mechanisms in highly anonymous settings—unless, perhaps, we can find some methodology that directly prevents false-name manipulation even in such settings, so that we are back in a more typical mechanism design context. However, it seems unlikely that the phenomenon of false-name manipulation will disappear anytime soon. Because the Internet is so attractive as a platform for running certain types of mechanisms, it seems unlikely that the organizations running these mechanisms will take them offline. Moreover, because a goal of these organizations is often to get as many users to participate as possible, they will be reluctant to use high-overhead solutions that discourage users from participating. As a result, perhaps the most promising approaches at this point are those that combine techniques from mechanism design with other techniques discussed in this article. It appears that this is a rich domain for new, creative approaches that can have significant practical impact.

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Vijay, P., Dr A. Srinath, P. Sri Naga Venkat, L. Ranganath, and P. Appalaraju. "Design, Analysis and Selection of Planar Parallel Mechanisms." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2.32 (May 31, 2018): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.32.13522.

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This paper presents the application of methodology for ten bar single degree mechanisms and selecting the best among them at the conceptual design stage itself. This saves lot of time for one wants to carry away analysis for getting desired output of the mechanism at the design stage. The methodology has been applied to Tiscler robot hands successfully and has obtained the best mechanism in motion distribution among the links of the chain.

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Rahwan, Iyad, and Kate Larson. "Logical mechanism design." Knowledge Engineering Review 26, no. 1 (February 7, 2011): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888910000421.

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AbstractGame theory is becoming central to the design and analysis of computational mechanisms in which multiple entities interact strategically. The tools of mechanism design are used extensively to engineer incentives for truth revelation into resource allocation (e.g. combinatorial auctions) and preference aggregation protocols (e.g. voting). We argue that mechanism design can also be useful in the design of logical inference procedures. In particular, it can help us understand and engineer inference procedures when knowledge is distributed among self-interested agents. We set a research agenda for this emerging area, and point to some early research efforts.

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Gorokh, Artur, Siddhartha Banerjee, and Krishnamurthy Iyer. "From Monetary to Nonmonetary Mechanism Design via Artificial Currencies." Mathematics of Operations Research 46, no. 3 (August 2021): 835–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/moor.2020.1098.

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Nonmonetary mechanisms for repeated allocation and decision making are gaining widespread use in many real-world settings. Our aim in this work is to study the performance and incentive properties of simple mechanisms based on artificial currencies in such settings. To this end, we make the following contributions: For a general allocation setting, we provide two black-box approaches to convert any one-shot monetary mechanism to a dynamic nonmonetary mechanism using an artificial currency that simultaneously guarantees vanishing gains from nontruthful reporting over time and vanishing losses in performance. The two mechanisms trade off between their applicability and their computational and informational requirements. Furthermore, for settings with two agents, we show that a particular artificial currency mechanism also results in a vanishing price of anarchy.

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Wang, Michael Yu, Shikui Chen, Xiaoming Wang, and Yulin Mei. "Design of Multimaterial Compliant Mechanisms Using Level-Set Methods." Journal of Mechanical Design 127, no. 5 (January 23, 2005): 941–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1909206.

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A monolithic compliant mechanism transmits applied forces from specified input ports to output ports by elastic deformation of its comprising materials, fulfilling required functions analogous to a rigid-body mechanism. In this paper, we propose a level-set method for designing monolithic compliant mechanisms made of multiple materials as an optimization of continuum heterogeneous structures. Central to the method is a multiphase level-set model that precisely specifies the distinct material regions and their sharp interfaces as well as the geometric boundary of the structure. Combined with the classical shape derivatives, the level-set method yields an Eulerian computational system of geometric partial differential equations, capable of performing topological changes and capturing geometric evolutions at the interface and the boundary. The proposed method is demonstrated for single-input and single-output mechanisms and illustrated with several two-dimensional examples of synthesis of multimaterial mechanisms of force inverters and gripping and clamping devices. An analysis on the formation of de facto hinges is presented based on the shape gradient information. A scheme to ensure a well-connected topology of the mechanism during the process of optimization is also presented.

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Parkes, David C., Ruggiero Cavallo, Florin Constantin, and Satinder Singh. "Dynamic Incentive Mechanisms." AI Magazine 31, no. 4 (September 21, 2010): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v31i4.2316.

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Much of AI is concerned with the design of intelligent agents. A complementary challenge is to understand how to design “rules of encounter” by which to promote simple, robust and beneficial interactions between multiple intelligent agents. This is a natural development, as AI is increasingly used for automated decision making in real-world settings. As we extend the ideas of mechanism design from economic theory, the mechanisms (or rules) become algorithmic and many new challenges surface. Starting with a short background on mechanism design theory, the aim of this paper is to provide a nontechnical exposition of recent results on dynamic incentive mechanisms, which provide rules for the coordination of agents in sequential decision problems. The framework of dynamic mechanism design embraces coordinated decision-making both in the context of uncertainty about the world external to an agent and also in regard to the dynamics of agent preferences. In addition to tracing some recent developments, we point to ongoing research challenges.

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Pavlovic, Ana, Miroslav Zivkovic, and Snezana Vulovic. "Self-Adjusting Handbrake Mechanism Design." Journal of Engineering Management and Systems Engineering 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.56578/jemse010202.

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Due to the wear of the brake linings of the rear brake, as well as due to the stretching of the steel rope of the handbrake control during the exploitation of the vehicle, the transmission mechanism of the handbrake increases the predefined clearances, that is, the free travel of the control lever increases. This free travel can increase to the extent that it compromises the normal functioning of the braking system. For this reason, all parking brake systems contain backlash adjustment mechanisms. On most vehicles, this adjustment is done manually, which means that the vehicle is periodically taken out of service for servicing. For this reason, the application of various mechanisms for self- adjustment of the handbrake, during the actual exploitation of the vehicle, began. This paper presents the process of design and construction of an innovative mechanism for continuous self-adjustment of the handbrake, without withdrawing the vehicle from operation.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mechanisms design'

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