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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mechanistic model'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Yeung, Luk Chong. "A mechanistic model of calcium-dependent synaptic plasticity /." View online version; access limited to Brown University users, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3174704.

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2

Drost, Roelof Gerrit. "MAIS, a mechanistic model of maize growth and development." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61892.pdf.

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3

Lenting, Christoph [Verfasser]. "Glass corrosion : Towards a Unifying Mechanistic Model / Christoph Lenting." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201727863/34.

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4

Baird, Mark E. "Towards a verified mechanistic model of plankton population dynamics." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1999. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1123/.

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Plankton are a signicant component of the biogeochemical cycles that impact on the global climate. Plankton ecosystems constitute around 40 % of the annual global primary productivity, and the sinking of plankton to the deep ocean (the so-called biological pump) is the largest permanent loss of carbon from the coupled atmosphere-surface ocean-land system. The biological pump need only increase by 25 % to cancel the anthropogenically-released ux of CO2 into the atmosphere. Mechanistic models of atmosphere-ocean dynamics have proved to have superior predictive capabilities on climate phenomena,

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5

Nobari, Amir Hossein. "Mechanistic jet impingement model for cooling of hot steel plates." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/47099.

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Accelerated cooling on the run-out table of a hot rolling mill is a key technology to tailor microstructure and properties of advanced steels. Thus, it is crucial to develop accurate heat transfer models in order to predict the temperature history of the steel plates on run-out tables. The present study describes a strategy to develop a mechanistic cooling model to simulate the temperature of the plate cooled by top water nozzles on a run-out table. Systematic experiments have been carried out on a pilot scale run-out table facility using two types of top nozzles: planar (curtain) and circular

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6

Deen, William. "A mechanistic model of common ragweed based on photothermal time." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0019/NQ47389.pdf.

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7

Ma, John W. "Mechanistic model studies of living nitroxide-mediated styrene miniemulsion polymerization." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2002. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ65680.pdf.

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8

Hamzat, Kadri Obafemi. "A semi-mechanistic model based on oil expression from groundnuts." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333986.

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9

Ma, Yuxin. "Empirical and Mechanistic Modelling for Process Understanding in Digital Soil Mapping." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/21413.

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Empirical prediction of soil properties coupled with an understanding of soil processes, can uncover the complexity of the soil system. Digital soil mapping (DSM) has revolutionized the way soil information is delivered. While empirical DSM has greatly improved the quantitative prediction, we should be able to incorporate our physical and mechanistic understanding of the processes. Likewise, we should be able to use empirical knowledge to inform process-based models. This thesis delivers mechanistic and empirical models to improve the understanding of soil genesis and mapping of soil functiona

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10

Van, Tonder Jacob John. "Development of an in vitro mechanistic toxicity screening model using cultured hepatocytes." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24162.

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In vitro testing includes both cell-based and cell-free systems that can be used to detect toxicity induced by xenobiotics. In vitro methods are especially useful in rapidly gathering intelligence regarding the toxicity of compounds for which none is available such as new chemical entities developed in the pharmaceutical industry. In addition to this, in vitro investigations are invaluable in providing information concerning mechanisms of toxicity of xenobiotics. This type of toxicity testing has gained popularity among the research and development community because of a number of advantages s

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11

Zorzetto, Luiz Flavio Martins. "Bioprocess monitoring with hybrid neural network/mechanistic model based state estimators." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283350.

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12

Ab, Hadi H. "Mechanistic studies of the permeation behaviour of a model hydrophilic compound." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2012. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1381750/.

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Caffeine is commonly used as a model hydrophilic compound in skin research, and it also has pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Several topical products containing caffeine are currently being marketed, including anti-cellulite creams and gels, moisturizers, serums and shampoos. As the skin permeation of this compound is expected to be low, the aim of this work is to investigate how the topical delivery of caffeine may be optimized using chemical penetration enhancers. A range of penetration enhancers for caffeine were selected, namely ethanol (EtOH), propylene glycol (PG), isopropyl myr

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13

Wagih, Omar. "Elucidating the mechanistic impact of single nucleotide variants in model organisms." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/271713.

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Understanding how genetic variation propagate to differences in phenotypes in individuals is an ongoing challenge in genetics. Genome-wide association studies have allowed for the identification of many trait-associated genomic loci. However, they are limited in their inability to explain the altered cellular mechanism. Genetic variation can drive disease by altering a range of mechanisms, including signalling networks, TF binding, and protein folding. Understanding the impact of variants on such processes has key implications in therapeutics, drug development, and more. This thesis aims to ut

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14

Mense, Jelte Pierc. "New general mechanistic model for predicting civil disturbances and their characteristics." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28763.

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Since the wave of civil violence in the USA in the 1960s, many social theorists have tried to explain why riots occur. Despite at least 50 years of research since then, there is still not enough insight to anticipate large events like the 2011 Arab Spring and London riots. The main goal of this thesis is therefore to improve understanding about how underlying conditions influence and drive riot dynamics, such as the intensity, spread, and duration. I develop a new mechanistic and stochastic agent-based model for riots. Previous models have either only targeted general phenomena associated with

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15

Alsirawan, M. B., X. Lai, R. Prohens, et al. "Solid-State Competitive Destabilization of Caffeine Malonic Acid cocrystal: Mechanistic and Kinetic Investigation." American Chemical Society, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/18305.

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Yes<br>The main objective of this research is to investigate solid-state destabilization mechanism and kinetics of the model cocrystal caffeine : malonic acid (CA:MO) in presence of oxalic acid (OX) as a structural competitor. Competitive destabilization of CA:MO and subsequent formation of CA:OX takes place at temperatures significantly below its melting point. Destabilization mechanism was found to be mediated by sublimation of both CA:MO and OX. During CA:MO destabilization, free CA could not be detected and direct transformation to CA:OX cocrystal was observed. The destabilization kinetics

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16

Al-johani, Mohammed S. "A three-dimensional mechanistic model of steam condensers using porous medium formulation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19448.

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17

Paiement, Jean-Pierre. "Evaluation of a model system for the mechanistic study of gene targeting." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=84103.

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Gene targeting is a process of recombinational exchange between a foreign molecule of DNA and its homologous chromosomal counterpart whereby the cellular machinery involved in homologous recombination accomplishes sequence exchange. The widespread use of gene targeting as a basic research and/or therapeutic tool has been precluded by its inherent inefficiency. Although many studies have reported improved gene targeting efficacy via manipulation of homologous recombination-associated proteins, reports examining the underlying molecular mechanisms of gene targeting are scant. Improvement

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18

Sostelly, Alexandre. "Mechanistic model-based drug development in the management of anticancer drugs resistance." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10203.

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La résistance aux chimiothérapies anticancéreuses constitue un problème majeur dans la prise en charge du cancer. Les transporteurs d'efflux contribuent à ce phénomène de résistance en altérant l'accumulation intracellulaire des cytotoxiques. Dans le passé, l'inhibition du transporteur d'efflux P-gp n'a pas permis de surmonter ce phénomène notamment à cause du manque de méthodes adéquates pour identifier et quantifier la pharmacologie des inhibiteurs d'efflux. Récemment de nouveaux inhibiteurs de BCRP, l'un des derniers transporteurs d'efflux découverts, ont été synthétisés permettant de retes

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19

Nowacki, Brenna M. "Verification and Calibration of State-of-the-Art CMC Mechanistic Damage Model." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1461761780.

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20

Poon, Jonathan Ming-Hin. "A three-dimensional population balance model of granulation processes employing mechanistic kernels." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8041.

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Granulation is a process for agglomeration where powder material is combined with liquid binder solution to facilitate the formation of larger, free-flowing granules. Granulation has become a mainstream process amongst the industries with applicability in numerous areas, which include the pharmaceuticals, mineral processing, fertilisers and in the production of a range of commodity products. A major driVing force for the production of granules from their ungranulated counterparts arises from the economic savings Le., increased bulk density permits savings to be made in transportation. and stor

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21

Long, Yu. "Mechanistic insights into acid-catalysed pyrolysis of cellulose and its model compounds." Thesis, Curtin University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/89062.

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Biomass has only been utilised as an energy source via direct combustion of bio-charcoal in the past decade, but the biomass processes also create environmental issues and low energy utilization. This study provides new insights into cellulose pyrolysis mechanisms for the benefit of advanced bio-oil and bio-product selectivity technologies and maximise the utilisation of the biomass in the future green energy market, which can effectively reduce the green house emission and its environmental issue.

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22

Kim, Yong Sik. "Kinetic and mechanistic studies of polyoxometalate (POM) reaction with lignin and model compounds." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31366.

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Polyoxometalates (POMs) are a rapidly growing class of metal-oxygen-cluster anions. The properties of POMs can be modified by altering the POMs chemical composition and structure. Due to low cost, commercial availability, and synthetic tractability POMs have found application in various fields of chemistry and technology. POMs are reusable and thermally stable to oxidative conditions, making them an attractive alternative to chlorine for the delignification of wood pulp. The research addressed in this dissertation deals with detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies of K₅[SiVW₁₁O₄₀]·12H₂O, a PO

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23

Skår, Helene. "Simulation of Surfactant EOR in a Mechanistic Model with Fracture and Ekofisk Properties." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for petroleumsteknologi og anvendt geofysikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25910.

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Large amounts of oil are left in reservoirs after primary and secondary recovery. To recovery as much of the remaining oil as possible, EOR techniques as chemical flooding is considered. Naturally fractured carbonates have often large amount of residual oil left in the reservoir after primary and secondary production periods. Carbonates are in general more complex reservoirs than sandstones, thus must recovery methods be tailored for the environment of the reservoir system. Chemical EOR has become more attractive after the financial crisis in 2008 because of the high oil prices. Ekofisk is nat

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24

Tabor, Joseph Edward. "A fogging scrubber to treat diesel exhaust: field testing and a mechanistic model." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99443.

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Diesel particulate matter (DPM) is comprised of two main fractions, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC). DPM is the solid portion of diesel exhaust and particles are submicron in size typically ranging from 10 to 1000 nanometers. DPM is a known respirable hazard and occupational exposure can lead to negative health effects. These effects can range from irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat to more serious respirable and cardiovascular diseases. Due to the use of diesel powered equipment in confined airways, underground mine environments present an increased risk and underground mi

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25

Li, Hui. "A Mechanistic Model for CO₂ Localized Corrosion of Carbon Steel." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304558358.

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26

Camino, Eric M. "A Mechanistic Analysis of Gene Regulation and its Evolution in a Drosophila Model." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1461242188.

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27

Arenas, Amado Antonio. "Development and application of a mechanistic model to predict juvenile salmon swim paths." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2813.

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Utility companies and regulatory agencies are interested in understanding juvenile salmon swimming patterns as they approach hydropower dams because it can allow them to assess fish bypass efficiency and conduct fish survival studies. A model capable of predicting juvenile salmon swim paths can assist in the design of fish bypasses and diversion structures. This thesis presents a mechanistic model tailored to simulate swimming patterns of juvenile salmon swimming in forebays, tailraces, and free-flowing rivers. The model i

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28

Rantow, Felix Suryaman Soroush Masoud Grady Charles. "Mechanistic modeling and model-based studies in spontaneous solution polymerization of alkyl acrylate monomers /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/1306.

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29

Roy, Shouvik. "Mechanistic studies of physico-chemical stability of model therapeutic proteins using pharmaceutically relevant factors /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. IP filtered, 2006.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Pharmaceutical Sciences) -- University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, 2006.<br>Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-173). Free to UCDHSC affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;

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30

Groenewegen, Hendrik Cornelis. "Therapeutic and mechanistic explorations of in-stent restenosis in the rat aortic stenting model." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2008. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/.

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31

Smith, Robert A. W. "The role of monoethanolamine in hair bleaching and dyeing : mechanistic insights from model formulations." Thesis, University of York, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8316/.

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Primarily, the focus of this project was to investigate hair bleaching and dyeing mechanisms, in the presence of ammonia or ethanolamine (MEA), at room temperature. Firstly, the mechanism of hair bleaching by alkaline hydrogen peroxide was explored, using homogeneous solutions of Sepia melanin free acid (MFA) as a model for hair melanin. UV-vis spectroscopy was applied to study the rate of melanin bleaching under various conditions. It was established that both hydroxyl radicals and perhydroxyl anions are involved in the bleaching of melanin. Hydrogen peroxide decomposition and Sepia melanin o

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32

Kim, Jaeyeon. "Model Analysis of Adipose Tissue and Whole Body Metabolism In Vivo." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1216436630.

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33

Siriwardena, Dylan. "Determination of Immunomodulatory Bioactivity Biomarkers and Mechanistic Insights in Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cells." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38497.

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Detrimental immune and inflammatory responses contribute to the pathogenesis of various conditions, including Crohn’s disease, Lupus, and sepsis.1,2,3 Unfortunately, novel treatments for detrimental immune and inflammatory responses have been met with little success. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent a promising cellular therapy to treat immune and inflammatory disorders due to their ability to suppress the immune system. However, despite their promise, clinical trials that have employed MSC cellular therapies have produced varying and sometimes conflicting results. These discrepancie

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34

Czamanski-Cohen, J., and K. L. Weihs. "The Bodymind Model: A platform for studying the mechanisms of change induced by art therapy." Elsevier, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621993.

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This paper introduces the Bodymind model of Art Therapy and delineates the processes through which it has salutary effects on individuals coping with a variety of health related challenges. The goal of this model is to articulate how activation, reorganization, growth and reintegration of the self can emerge from bodymind processes activated by art therapy. It provides a framework for the conduct of research that will test the key theoretical mechanisms through which art therapy benefits clients. We expect this model to be a spring board for discussion, debate and development of the profession

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35

Dominguez, Olivo Juan M. "Electrochemical Model of Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in the Presence of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1577092234789695.

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36

Guo, Juen. "A study of glucose metabolism and ketosis development in periparturient cows using a mechanistic model." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/2383.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.<br>Thesis research directed by: Animal Sciences. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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37

Luo, Zairen. "Flexible Pavement Condition Model Using Clusterwise Regression and Mechanistic-Empirical Procedure for Fatigue Cracking Modeling." See Full Text at OhioLINK ETD Center (Requires Adobe Acrobat Reader for viewing), 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?toledo1133560069.

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Dissertation (Ph.D.)--University of Toledo, 2005.<br>Typescript. "A dissertation [submitted] as partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Engineering." Bibliography: leaves 90-99.

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38

Bargh, Mary Katharine. "A mechanistic model to predict nutritional effects on milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ56303.pdf.

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39

Singh, Sunil. "Engineered Organotypic Breast Tumor Model for Mechanistic Studies of Tumor-Stromal Interactions and Drug Discovery." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1616940345310981.

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40

Read, Jonathan M. "The effect of plant traits and resource supply characteristics on plant competition : a mechanistic model." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244695.

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41

McCormack, John Patrick. "A three-dimensional mechanistic ozone transport model: Applications to midlatitude trends and 11-year variability." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290698.

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Thirteen years of satellite-based total ozone measurements, extending from January 1979 through December 1991, are analyzed with a multiple regression statistical model to isolate the components of interannual variability associated with (1) linear trends and (2) the 11-year variation in solar ultraviolet irradiance. Lower stratospheric temperature and geopotential height data obtained from satellite- and ground-based sources are analyzed in similarly, providing a comprehensive assessment of the interannual variability in the lower stratosphere over the 1979-1991 period. The results of the sta

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42

Britton, Peter C., Jessica M. McKinney, Todd M. Bishop, Wilfred R. Pigeon, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Insomnia and Risk for Suicidal Behavior: A Test of a Mechanistic Transdiagnostic Model in Veterans." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/5545.

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Background: Insomnia has been shown to have direct and indirect associations with suicidal ideation, attempts, and death in U.S. military and veteran populations. However, transdiagnostic models of insomnia and psychopathology have not been used to examine the contribution of psychopathology. Method: The present study is a secondary analysis examining the associations among insomnia symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depressive symptoms, interpersonal theory of suicide variables, and risk for suicidal behavior in community veterans (n = 392). Serial mediation was used to test s

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43

Lin, Yangchen. "Macroscopic insights from mechanistic ecological network models in a data void." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/254976.

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Complexity science has come into the limelight in recent years as the scientific community begins to grapple with higher-order natural phenomena that cannot be fully explained via the behaviour of components at lower levels of organization. Network modeling and analysis, being a powerful tool that can capture the interconnections that embody complex behaviour, has therefore been at the forefront of complexity science. In ecology, the network paradigm is relatively young and there remain limitations in many ecological network studies, such as modeling only one type of species interaction at a t

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44

Rezsöhazy, Jeanne. "Data-model fusion approach using tree-ring width series, a mechanistic growth model and an Earth system model to reconstruct the large-scale climate variability." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0618.

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Les largeurs des cernes d’arbres représentent les proxys les plus couramment utilisés pour reconstruire le climat du dernier millénaire à haute résolution temporelle. L’approche repose souvent sur une relation entre les séries de largeurs de cernes et le climat estimé par une régression linéaire. Les hypothèses de linéarité et stationnarité sous-jacentes peuvent être parfois inadéquates. Les modèles mécanistes de croissance d’arbre peuvent dépasser certaines des limitations de l’approche statistique. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons d’inclure pour la première fois un tel modèle mécaniste, MAID

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45

Larsson, Dhana E. "Analyses of Dose-Response and Mechanistic Action of Different Anti-Cancer Drugs for Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Lines." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-158833.

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Cancer is a disease with poor response rates on available treatments. Problems with resistance and intolerance against cancer drugs are major reasons for failure of the drugs. The need to discover new cancer drugs is important. In this thesis screening of new cancer drugs and evaluation of their mechanism of action are discussed. The aim of the thesis was to find new compounds active against neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). In paper I, we screened 1280 substances on two bronchial carcinoid cell lines and one pancreatic carcinoid cell line. Eleven of these compounds were found to have antitumor ac

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46

Sjödin, Martin. "Regulation of Proton Coupled Electron Transfer from Amino Acids in Artificial Model Systems: A Mechanistic Study." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Physical Chemistry, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4132.

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<p>Amino acid radicals are key redox intermediates in several natural enzymes including Cytochrome c peroxidase, DNA photolyase, ribonucletide reductase, cytochrome c oxidase and photosystem II. Electron transfer from amino acids is often coupled to deprotonation and this thesis concerns the coupling of electron transfer from tyrosine and tryptophan to trisbipyridineruthenium(III) with deprotonation in model complexes. Specifically the mechanisms for these proton coupled electron transfer reactions have been studied and the controlling parameters have been identified, the possible mechanisms b

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47

Sjödin, Martin. "Regulation of proton coupled electron transfer from amino acids in artificial model systems : a mechanistic study /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4132.

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48

Angenendt, Alexandra. "Ecophysiological studies of field beans : a simple yet mechanistic crop growth model for Vicia faba L." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.250720.

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49

Gaber, Noha. "Development of a mechanistic model to assess the distribution of heavy metals in municipal wastewater treatment." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342771.

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Hicks, Mark. "Reactivity and mechanistic studies of small molecules at model metal oxide surfaces : underpinning PuO2 safe storage." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2015. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/69894/.

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The nuclear fuel cycle represents the nuclear power generation process, from mining the uranium ore to the treatment of waste. The fuel cycle is divided into two parts, the front end of the process and the back end of the process, with the nuclear power station being in the middle1. The processes before reaching the nuclear power station consist of uranium exploration, mining, refining, isotope enriching and fuel element fabrication1. Uranium is mined in twenty countries, but 52% of the world supply of uranium comes from just 6 countries. These countries are Canada, Australia, Russia, Kazakhst

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