Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Mechanizm'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Mechanizm.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Powroźnik, Paulina. "Sensing mechanism in semiconducting hybrid structures for DMMP detection." Doctoral thesis, Katowice : Uniwersytet Śląski, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12128/15206.
Full textJanosz-Rajczyk, Marta. "Biodegradacja kationowych substancji powierzchniowo czynnych." Praca habilitacyjna, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, 1994. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=6902.
Full textDe, Vries Edgar. "Mechanics and mechanisms of ultrasonic metal welding." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1078415529.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xix, 253 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Karl Graff, Dept. of Industrial, Welding and Systems Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (p. 223-230).
Randow, Charles L. "Mechanisms and mechanics of non-structural adhesion." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11072008-063457/.
Full textde, Vries Edgar. "Mechanics and mechanisms of ultrasonic metal welding." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1078415529.
Full textAlberts, Thomas Edward. "Augmenting the control of a flexible manipulator with passive mechanical damping." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19442.
Full textOosting, Kenneth W. "Simulation of control strategies for a two degree-of-freedom lightweight flexible robotic arm." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18230.
Full textLezra, Esther Margaret. "Looking for monsters : mechanism of history, mechanisms of power /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3170235.
Full textSrivastava, Ankit. "Mechanics and Mechanisms of Creep and Ductile Fracture." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc283799/.
Full textSzklarzewski, Veronica. "A mechanism for testing the torsional mechanics of origami-inspired hinges." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98760.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 29).
Folding 2-dimensional sheets into static and dynamic 3-dimensional structures has the potential to improve rate, cost, and flexibility in manufacturing. In order to explore origami-inspired design, a better understanding of the mechanics of the fold is needed. This is to create better mathematical models and design for particular stiffness and fatigue specifications. The purpose of this study is to create a desktop machine that enables the measurement of the torsional stiffness of folded hinges over a wide angular range and a large number of cycles. This machine was then used to test 100 and 140 lb papers with 4 and 14 scores for the crease. Each paper was tested for 10 cycles and stiffness calculated. It was shown that 40 lb papers have higher reaction forces than the 100 lb papers. Stiffness measurements were inconclusive due to possible bending in addition to the hinging. For the 200 cycle around a 2 g decrease can be seen from I cycle to 200 cycles.
by Veronica Szklarzewski.
S.B.
Pérez, Palau Daniel. "Dynamical transport mechanisms in celestial mechanics and astrodynamics problems." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/362369.
Full textHyatt, Lance Parker. "Designing Developable Mechanisms on Conical and Cylindrical Developable Surfaces." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/8467.
Full textBouck, David Cannon Bloom Kerry S. "Mitotic mechanics and mechanisms of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,831.
Full textTitle from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biology." Discipline: Biology; Department/School: Biology.
Lai, Jiun-Yu. "Mechanics, mechanisms, and modeling of the chemical mechanical polishing process." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8860.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references.
The ever-increasing demand for high-performance microelectronic devices has motivated the semiconductor industry to design and manufacture Ultra-Large-Scale Integrated (ULSI) circuits with smaller feature size, higher resolution, denser packing, and multi-layer interconnects. The ULSI technology places stringent demands on global planarity of the Interlevel Dielectric (ILD) layers. Compared with other planarization techniques, the Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) process produces excellent local and global planarization at low cost. It is thus widely adopted for planarizing inter-level dielectric (silicon dioxide) layers. Moreover, CMP is a critical process for fabricating the Cu damascene patterns, low-k dielectrics, and shallow isolated trenches. The wide range of materials to be polished concurrently or sequentially, however, increases the complexity of CMP and necessitates an understanding of the process fundamentals for optimal process design. This thesis establishes a theoretical framework to relate the process parameters to the different wafer/pad contact modes to study the behavior of wafer-scale polishing. Several models of polishing - microcutting, brittle fracture, surface melting and burnishing - are reviewed. Blanket wafers coated with a wide range of materials are polished to verify the models. Plastic deformation is identified as the dominant mechanism of material removal in fine abrasive polishing.
(cont.) Additionally, contact mechanics models, which relate the pressure distribution to the pattern geometry and pad elastic properties, explain the die-scale variation of material removal rate (MRR) on pattern geometry. The pad displacement into low features of submicron lines is less than 0.1 nm. Hence the applied load is only carried by the high features, and the pressure on high features increases with the area fraction of interconnects. Experiments study the effects of pattern geometry on the rates of pattern planarization, oxide overpolishing and Cu dishing. It was observed that Cu dishing of submicron features is less than 20 nm and contributes less to surface non-uniformity than does oxide overpolishing. Finally, a novel in situ detection technique, based on the change of the reflectance of the patterned surface at different polishing stages, is developed to detect the process endpoint and minimize overpolishing. Models that employ light scattering theory and statistical treatment correlate the sampled reflectance with the surface topography and Cu area fraction for detecting the process regime and endpoint. The experimental results agree well with the endpoint detection schemes predicted by the models.
by Jiun-Yu Lai.
Ph.D.
Cannon, David Wayne. "Command generation and inertial damping control of flexible macro-micro manipulators." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18212.
Full textTan, Kar Tean. "The mechanics and mechanisms of environmental attack on structural adhesive joints." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420992.
Full textGhadbeigi, Hassan. "Metal cutting mechanics : investigation and simulation of deformation and damage mechanisms." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.531224.
Full textMerriam, Ezekiel G. "Fully Compliant Mechanisms for Bearing Subtraction in Robotics and Space Applications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3564.
Full textJaffit, Danielle. "Mechanisms for embedding sustainability into organisational strategic decision-making: technology as an enabling mechanism." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/23751.
Full textMishima, Hirokazu. "Studies Based on Statistical Mechanics for Mechanism of Multidrug Efflux of AcrA/AcrB/TolC." Kyoto University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199416.
Full textStegemann, Patrick. "Untersuchung von Resonanzproblemen am MEYRA E-Rollstuhl 9506 Compact." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-68411.
Full textJensen, Brian D. "Identification of Macro- and Micro-Compliant Mechanism Configurations Resulting in Bistable Behavior." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2003. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/83.
Full textOstrý, Josef. "Naklápěcí a zdvihový mechanismus skladovacího zásobníku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231225.
Full textGradoń, Bogusław. "Kinetyka tworzenia termicznych tlenków azotu w zakresie temperatur płomieni przemysłowych." Rozprawa doktorska, 1996. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2250.
Full textGradoń, Bogusław. "Kinetyka tworzenia termicznych tlenków azotu w zakresie temperatur płomieni przemysłowych." Rozprawa doktorska, 1996. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2250.
Full textJarosiewicz, Grzegorz. "Mechanizm odwrotnego obciążenia podatkiem od towarów i usług transakcji krajowych." Phd thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11320/8591.
Full textThe subject of this doctoral thesis is the taxation of domestic transactions with value added tax (VAT), using the reverse charge mechanism. The thesis presents a historical outline of turnover taxes, including value added tax. Firstly, the indications that the currently operating value added tax is the optimal solution that could be used for taxation of turnover of goods and services so far were presented. In addition, the first part of the work describes the most importan elements of the value added tax system, constituting the basis for further discussion on the reverse charge mechanism. Furthermore, an analysis of the provisions of European Union’s law applied to the reverse charge mechanism was made. The history of this solution was presented, and its original application was discussed. Additionally, the main assumptions of the reverse charge mechanism were presented. Regarding a reverse charge mechanism of VAT taxation of domestic transactions, the discussion to the admissibility of applying such solution was also made. The last part of the work discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the reverse charge mechanism of VAT taxation. An attempt to present solutions that could facilitate or improve the use of this mechanism was also made. The conducted research proved that the application of the reverse VAT mechanism is an effective tool not only to protect the interests of the state budget, but also to protect the interests of enterprises operating in the sectors covered by this mechanism. There were five basic research methods were applied for the purposes of the dissertation's objectives: dogmatic, empirical and legal, historical and legal, comparative legal method and quantitative method.
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydział Prawa.
Zdżalik, Michał. "Unikalny mechanizm aktywacji proteinazy SplB gronkowca złocistego." Praca doktorska, 2019. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/70390.
Full textSęk, Małgorzata. "Odwrotne obciążenie jako mechanizm opodatkowania usług wewnątrzunijnych." Phd diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11089/19943.
Full textKowol, Jan. "Mechanizm odgazowania ziarna węgla w łożu fluidalnym." Rozprawa doktorska, 1985. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=3677.
Full textKowol, Jan. "Mechanizm odgazowania ziarna węgla w łożu fluidalnym." Rozprawa doktorska, 1985. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=3677.
Full textTrzcińska, Agnieszka. "Europejski Mechanizm Stabilności w Unii Gospodarczej i Walutowej." Doctoral thesis, 2015. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/1193.
Full textKaffanke, Sebastian. "Mechanizm tworzenia złącza w procesie łukowego przypawania kołków." Rozprawa doktorska, 2010. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=1081.
Full textKaffanke, Sebastian. "Mechanizm tworzenia złącza w procesie łukowego przypawania kołków." Rozprawa doktorska, 2010. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=1081.
Full textKarpeta, Anna. "Mechanizm działania PBDE-47 i jego hydroksylowanych metabolitów w jajniku." Praca doktorska, 2014. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/58383.
Full textPolybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants, which due to their physicochemical properties are classified as persistent organic pollutants. These compounds present high persistence in the environment and lipophilic nature and thus may pose a serious threat to human health. The European Union, the United States and China (in 2004, 2006 and 2007, respectively) have banned the production of two of the three commonly used mixtures of PBDEs, namely Penta-and Octa-BDE. Despite this fact, PBDEs are still found in all parts of the environment, including tissues derived from human. Furthermore, products in which PBDEs are intentionally used can release it into the environment, acting in a direct threat to human health due to the disrupting the hormone balance. Research conducted in the Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction of the Jagiellonian University showed that the ovary is a target tissue for polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Therefore, the aim of this doctoral dissertation was to clarify the mechanism of action of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the ovary. The congeners selected to the study are most abundant PBDE congener found in wildlife and in humans - BDE-47 and its two hydroxylated metabolites (5-OH-BDE-47 and 6-OH-BDE-47). Model to study were ovarian follicles collected from the ovaries of sexually mature pigs. Two types of culture were carried: whole follicles and co-culture of granulosa and theca cells. The concentration of steroid hormones and the level of phase II enzymes of metabolism were determined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using commercial ELISA kits. To measure the activity of CYP1A1 and CYP2B1/2 fluorescence methods were used. To determine the activity of COMT and SULT1A colorimetric methods were used. Gene expression of steroidogenic pathway (HSD17B and CYP19A1), steroid hormone receptors (ESR1, ESR2 and AR) and receptors associated with the metabolism of both xenobiotics and steroid hormones (PXR and CAR (NR 1/2)) was determined by real-time PCR, whereas changes in protein level was determined using Western blot. The data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test and one- or two-way analysis of variance with Tukey or Bonferroni test. The researches showed the stimulating effect of BDE-47 on 17β-HSD protein expression and activity and consequently the stimulation of testosterone secretion by the follicles. It was also determined that BDE-47 exposure activates CYP2B1/2 after 1 h, SULT1A after 6 h, and then COMT after 24 and 48 h of exposure, which indicates the possibility of local metabolism of the testing compound and thus possible action of locally produced hydroxylated metabolites of PBDE in ovary. Determining the action of two most abundant metabolites of the parent BDE-47 in human blood, 5-OH-BDE-47 and 6-OH-BDE-47, proved stimulating effect on the estradiol secretion by increasing the aromatase gene and protein expression and activity, thus showing differences between the activity of parent compounds and that of their metabolites. While no effect of BDE-47 and its hydroxylated metabolites has been found on the expression of the androgen receptor, either at the gene or protein level, there are significant differences in the impact of BDE-47 and its metabolites on ERα and ERβ expression. It was observed that BDE-47 has inhibitory effect on ERβ gene and protein expression and no effect on ERα, while tested metabolites have stimulating effect on gene and protein expression for both estrogen receptors. It has been showed for the first time that no gene expression for CAR and PXR in co-culture of porcine follicular cells occurs. These results clearly show the local, extrahepatic metabolism of PBDEs. Differences in the action of metabolites relative to the parent compound and its greater biological activity indicates the need for determining xenobiotic metabolites during monitoring environmental pollution. In addition, the results of studies conducted under this doctoral dissertation helped to fill the gap in knowledge on the mechanism of action of PBDEs and their metabolites in the ovary at the level of genes, proteins and enzymes associated with the process of steroidogenesis.
Kunikowska, Anita. "Mechanizm indukowanej kinetyną śmierci komórek korzeni Vicia faba ssp. minor." Phd diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11089/11876.
Full textThe programmed cell death (PCD) plays a crucial role in various processes ensuring the proper growth and development of both plants and animals. Moreover, PCD functions as an integral part of the defense against biotic and abiotic factors.There are various applications of induced cell death. Different exogenous factors like chemotherapy are used to trigger apoptosis in many types of human or animal cancer. Externally induced cell death in plants may be used for modifying the plants in order to adapt them to changing environmental conditions (eg. induction of aerenchyma formation). Cytokinins such as benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin are potent inducers of cell death process in plants. Both types of cell death (physiological and externally induced) are mediated by specific multi-step signaling pathway that includes death signal reception, signal transduction, and degradation phase. The ability of kinetin to induce plant cell death and the assumption that this process is multi-stage became the starting point for this doctoral thesis. The overall objective of this research was to determine the specific multi-step signal transduction mechanism and to track the hydrolysis of cellular macromolecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids during the kinetin-induced cell death in cortex cells of V. faba ssp minor seedlings roots. First, three-days-old seedlings of V. faba ssp minor were incubated in a mixture of 46 µM kinetin and selected factors that display inhibitory effect on successive phases of the cell death process. Subsequently, 2-cm long roots of the seedlings were used for experiments. The obtained results are mainly based on the fluorescence microscopy observations which were focused on cortex cells of V. faba ssp minor seedlings roots. In addition, series of biochemical spectrophotometrical and spectrofluorometrical analyses were conducted. The obtained results indicate that the kinetin-induced cell death is a multi-stage process which starts with the cytokinin signal received by specific receptors. The subsequent signal transduction steps are mediated by the metabolites of kinetin, most likely phosphates. It is highly possible that calcium ions are the signaling molecules that can control the cell death process at different stages in the feedback system. Moreover, cytochrome c, serine proteases and proteasomes may also be engaged in kinetin-induced cell death signal transduction. Morphological changes in the chromatin including the condensation of AT rich fragments into heterochromatin fraction in root cortex cells were one of the characteristic symptoms of kinetin-induced cell death. Furthermore, the final degradation of DNA, which is the ultimate manifestation of cell death, depends on the activity of nucleolytic enzymes. The activation of these enzymes may be triggered by both the serine and cysteine proteases, as well as alkaline nucleases. Moreover, kinetin-induced cell death in roots cortex cells of V. faba ssp minor seedlings is associated with the formation of micronuclei. The genesis of their formation still remains unclear. However, the obtained results and the scientific literature suggest that micronuclei can form after the process of amplification. Formed micronuclei are possibly capable of reestablishing the viability of the cells, since their nuclear content would be equilibrated. Regardless of whether the micronuclei are composed of chromosomal losses or chromosomal fragments, they can trigger the cell death process. Furthermore, it seems that the micronuclei structure, so-called pseudoapoptic bodies, might be a plant equivalent of apoptotic bodies observed in animal cells. Based on the results, it has been establish that the 1, 3, 12, 18, 24, and 72 h are the key time points in the kinetin-induced cell death process. Moreover, a model of the induction and regulation of PCD process in the roots cortex cells of V. faba ssp minor seedlings was proposed.
Badania finansowane ze środków przyznanych przez Panią Dziekan Naszego Wydziału w ramach badań naukowych młodych naukowców (nr. 545/502; 545/777, 1409) oraz ze środków statutowych (545/502) Katedry Cytofizjologii
Papkala, Hubert. "Mechanizm tworzenia zgrzein i własności mechaniczne złączy blach zgrzewanych garbowo." Rozprawa doktorska, 1987. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=3799.
Full textPapkala, Hubert. "Mechanizm tworzenia zgrzein i własności mechaniczne złączy blach zgrzewanych garbowo." Rozprawa doktorska, 1987. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=3799.
Full textZubielewicz, Małgorzata. "Mechanizm działania wybranych antykorozyjnych pigmentów nietoksycznych w organicznych wodorozcieńczalnych układach błonotwórczych." Rozprawa doktorska, 2003. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=59351.
Full textOgrodniczuk, Melania. "Polityka handlowa USA w świecie : mechanizm budowania wpływu politycznego 1945-2008." Praca doktorska, 2015. http://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/42957.
Full textMoroz, Paweł. "Metody ograniczania liczby bitów nadmiarowych w protokołach wykorzystujących mechanizm wstawiania bitów." Rozprawa doktorska, 2010. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=1243.
Full textMoroz, Paweł. "Metody ograniczania liczby bitów nadmiarowych w protokołach wykorzystujących mechanizm wstawiania bitów." Rozprawa doktorska, 2010. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=1243.
Full textZubielewicz, Małgorzata. "Mechanizm działania wybranych antykorozyjnych pigmentów nietoksycznych w organicznych wodorozcieńczalnych układach błonotwórczych." Rozprawa doktorska, 2003. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4601.
Full textZubielewicz, Małgorzata. "Mechanizm działania wybranych antykorozyjnych pigmentów nietoksycznych w organicznych wodorozcieńczalnych układach błonotwórczych." Rozprawa doktorska, 2003. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=4601.
Full textZubielewicz, Małgorzata. "Mechanizm działania wybranych antykorozyjnych pigmentów nietoksycznych w organicznych wodorozcieńczalnych układach błonotwórczych." Rozprawa doktorska, 2003. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=59351.
Full textSzychowski, Konrad. "Mechanizm działania triklosanu w neuronach kory mózgowej myszy w hodowlach in vitro." Praca doktorska, 2015. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/45323.
Full textPugacewicz, Tomasz. "Mechanizm kształtowania polityki Stanów Zjednoczonych Ameryki wobec regionu Morza Kaspijskiego po 1991 roku." Praca doktorska, 2015. https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/45752.
Full textWasilewska, Wioleta. "Mechanizm działania jonów ołowiu na reakcje świetlne fotosyntezy u roślin C3 i C4." Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/245.
Full textHeavy metals (HM) are widespread phytotoxic pollutants. Most of them are absorbed by the root of plants, where they can be accumulated. When the roots tolerance threshold is bridged, metals are translocated toward the leaves and affect the photosynthetic apparatus, but the mechanisms of HM toxicity to photosynthesis is still a matter of speculations. One of the heavy metals, that is not essential for plants growth is lead. The primary inhibitory site is supposed to be at the level of the Calvin cycle enzymes. Lead was also reported to disturb the granal structure of chloroplasts, reduce photosynthetic electron transport and affect the oxygen evolving complex. The aim of my studies was to compare the ways, the lead ions affect light reactions of photosyntesis in three types of chloroplasts: pea chloroplasts, maize mesophyll chloroplasts and maize bundle sheaths chloroplasts, differing structurally and functionally. Lead solution was introduced into the leaves (maize) or steams (pea) with transpiration stream (Pb ions would be introduced rapidly into the photosynthetic tissues). Plants were grown under two light conditions: low and high light. After 24 h of continuous exposure to relevant solutions, leaves were harvested for the experiments. Accumulation of Pb ions was higher in leaves of plants grown under both: LL than HL when compared with control, but effects of Pb ions were independent on light intensity during the growth. In the first step of my experiments, I measured intensity of photosynthesis and respiration. A decrease of CO2 fixation in metal- stressed plants was observed and at the same time respiration rate increased. Higher rate of respiration correlated with higher ATP/ADP ratio in the leaves. It was shown in our lab that stimulation of respiration in the leaves treated with lead remains in a close relationship with activation of malate dehydrogenase and stimulation of the mitochondrial ATP production. In the next step of my experimental work I analyzed the chlorophyll a by in vivo fluorescence. The presence of Pb ions did not affect photochemical efficiency of PSII and only a small reduction (about 10%) was observed in the measured Fv/Fm ratio (maximal efficiency of PSII). These results are in agreement with the observation that PSII activity was not affected by lead in thylakoids isolated from pea, and maize mesophyll chloroplasts, confirmed by similar results in the DCPIP photoreduction experiment. This activity results were measured spectrophotometrically. Contrary to PSII activity, presence of Pb ions had inhibitory effect on electron transport through PSII in bundle sheath thylakoids. In this case, when an extrinsic electron donor DPC was added the oxygen evolving complex reaction is omitted and the activity of PSII increases, thus the damaged caused by presence of Pb ions appeared to begin on the donor side of PSII. To investigate the possible effects of Pb ions on the organization of the major protein complexes in the thylakoid membrane from all the three types of chloroplasts, I employed blue-native (BN) electrophoresis. In this assay protein profiles obtained for control and Pb-treated leaves were similar, which demonstrated that lead does not disturb organization of thylakoid complexes. This stands in agreement with the fluorescence measurements and PSII activities. The reversible protein phosphorylation is a crucial mechanism, which is involved in metabolism as well as the regulation and stabilization of protein structure in stress conditions became my next focus. Therefore the next step of my investigation was phosphorylation. In my studies Pb ions significantly enhanced phosphorylation of the D1 protein in thylakoid membranes, as it was shown in the immunodetection analysis with antibodies. To make the quantification of the phosphorylation changes in the PSII core proteins upon lead treatment the nano- liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was used. This experiment was performed in collaboration with professor Vener team from Linköping University, Sweden. The quantitative results on the level of the phosphorylation for the PSII proteins were in agreement with the data obtained from western blotting. I detected a very strong phosphorylation of D1 and PsbH proteins after Pb treatment in both chloroplast types. It was found, that the phosphorylated form of D1 was resistant to degradation, while PsbH was essential for stabilization of the dimeric active form of photosystem II. The phosphorylation of the D1 protein after 24 hours of Pb treatment was maximal and did not change in dephosphorylation conditions, such as far red light and darkness. Moreover, the high light, which induces photoinhibitory effects did not caused changes in total amount of D1 protein. As it is known, phosphorylation protects D1 protein from oxidative damage by down-regulation of the production of superoxide anion in photosynthetic membranes under high light conditions. Therefore changes in phosphorylation of PSII core proteins induced by Pb ions may be a crucial regulation step in protection mechanism important for stabilization of the dimeric PSII complex in metal-stress conditions. My results show that acclimation to Pb ions was achieved in all types of investigated chloroplasts in the same way. However, these processes are obviously more complex because of their different metabolic status.
Leszczyński, Adam. "Przestrzenna modulacja fazy jako nastawny mechanizm transferu informacji między światłem, a pamięcią kwantową." Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/4113.
Full textThis doctoral thesis focuses on the issue of phase matching in a quantum memory operating on a cold cloud of ^{87}Rb atoms, where non-resonant Raman scattering is used as an interface between light and atoms. Experimental results and considerations for controlling the memory readout process by using the Zeeman effect, ac-Stark effect, controlling the laser beam geometry, or using an optical ring cavity are presented. Chapter 2 introduces the theory of the interaction between light and atoms in a three-level \Lambda system. The influence of factors such as beam intensities, beam offsets, beam geometry, or optical density on the readout rate and efficiency, as well as losses due to decoherence, or light absorption are analysed. Chapter 3 presents the generation of a fictitious magnetic field using the ac-Stark effect with spatial resolution. Using it, the spatial precession phase of spins oscillating in an external magnetic field was modulated. The results obtained in the experiment show that the control of the spatial phase allow us to turn on or off the quantum memory readout. Chapter 4 presents the experimental modulation of the spatial phase of spin waves in quantum memory using the ac-Stark effect. The possibility of compensating directly on the spin waves for any aberrations of the imaging system is presented. Using interference measurements on a near-field camera and direct measurements on a far-field camera, the operation of the spatial spin wave phase modulator is also characterised in detail. Chapter 5 shows the combination of a GEM with spatial phase modulation. An experimental implementation of a very high resolution spectrometer (20 kHz ~ 83 peV ~ 6\times10^{-7}cm^{-1}) adapted to narrowband atomic emission is presented. The relationship between resolution, bandwidth and spectrometer efficiency is also analysed. Chapter 6 proposes a possible implementation of a mod converter enabling the conversion of spin waves stored in different spatial modes of our quantum memory onto a sequence of pulses coupled into a single-mode optical fibre. Results of numerical simulations of the memory readout inside an annular optical cavity are presented, as well as the manipulation of the photon emission direction using a readout beam with a controlled angle of incidence on the atomic cloud.
Michalik, Rafał. "Wpływ fizykochemicznego stanu powierzchni na mechanizm i kinetykę korozji stopów tytanu dla medycyny." Rozprawa doktorska, 2000. https://repolis.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2331.
Full textMichalik, Rafał. "Wpływ fizykochemicznego stanu powierzchni na mechanizm i kinetykę korozji stopów tytanu dla medycyny." Rozprawa doktorska, 2000. https://delibra.bg.polsl.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?showContent=true&id=2331.
Full text