Journal articles: 'Media Council of Tanzania'

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Kamau, Ndanga. "Media Council of Tanzania and Others v. Attorney General of the United Republic of Tanzania (East Afr. Ct. J.)." International Legal Materials 59, no. 5 (August 24, 2020): 849–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ilm.2020.36.

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On March 28, 2019, the First Instance Division of the East African Court of Justice (the EACJ or Court) issued a judgment in Media Council of Tanzania and Others v. Attorney General of the United Republic of Tanzania, Reference No. 2 of 2017. The Court held that several provisions of United Republic of Tanzania's Media Services Act 2016 (the Act) violated the freedom of expression at the heart of the fundamental and operational principles enshrined in Articles 6(d) and 7(2) of the Treaty Establishing the East African Community (the EAC Treaty).

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Lukindo, Tedson, Ray Masumo, Adam Hancy, Sauli E. John, Heavenlight A. Paulo, Abraham Sanga, Ramadhan Noor, et al. "Factors associated with inadequate urinary iodine concentration among pregnant women in Mbeya region Tanzania." F1000Research 10 (August 26, 2021): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.55269.1.

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Background: Deficient and excess iodine intake during pregnancy can lead to serious health problems. In Tanzania, information available on iodine status during pregnancy is minimal. The aim of this study was to assess the iodine status and its association with sociodemographic factors in pregnant women in the Mbeya region, Tanzania. Method: A cross sectional survey involving 420 pregnant women (n=420) aged between 15-49 years registered in antenatal care clinics was conducted. Data were collected via interviews and laboratory analysis of urinary iodine concentration (UIC). Results: Median UIC was 279.4μg/L (+/-26.1) to 1915μg/L. Insufficient iodine intake (UIC below 150μg/L) was observed in 17.14% of participants, sufficient intake in 24.29% and 58.57% had intakes above the recommended level (>250μg/L). Rungwe district council (DC) had the highest proportion of patients (27.9%) with low iodine levels, while Chunya and Mbarali DCs had the greatest proportion of those with UIC’s, over the WHO recommended level. Fish consumption and education status were associated with increased risk of insufficient iodine while individuals in Mbalali DC aged between 35-49 years were associated with increased risk of UIC above recommended level. Conclusion: Both deficient and excess iodine intake remains a public health problem, especially in pregnant women in Tanzania. Therefore, educational programs on iodine intake are needed to ensure this population has an appropriate iodine intake to prevent any health risks to the mother and the unborn child.

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Rite, Erasto Eleck, Secilia Ng’weshemi Kapalata, and David Zadock Munisi. "Prevalence, Intensity, and Factors Associated with Urogenital Schistosomiasis among Women of Reproductive Age in Mbogwe District Council, Geita Region, Tanzania." BioMed Research International 2020 (October 23, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5923025.

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Background. Urogenital schistosomiasis remains a public health problem in Tanzania. Control programs mostly target school-going children ignoring other vulnerable groups like women of child bearing age. Previous evidence has shown that women of reproductive age suffer greatest morbidities in endemic areas. This study sought to determine the prevalence, intensity, and factors associated with urogenital schistosomiasis among women of reproductive age in the Mbogwe District. Methods. A population-based analytical cross-section study was conducted in the Mbogwe District. A semistructured questionnaire was administered. Urine samples of 20-30 mils collected between 10.00 am to 02.00 pm and examined for Schistosoma eggs and infection intensity microscopically. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Results. A total of 426 women of reproductive age, with median age of 26, and interquartile range of 11years were recruited and assessed. The prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis was 4.5% and mean egg intensity of 19.5eggs/10mil of urine. After adjusting for confounders, lower level of education was associated with an increased risk of urogenital schistosomiasis infections (AOR 8.355, 95% CI 3.055-23.001). Conclusion. Urogenital schistosomiasis among women of reproductive age in the Mbogwe District is a problem. Education is the factor associated with the disease; the neglected tropical disease control program should develop strategies that should include provision of health education and should involve women of reproductive age as they act as infection reservoir. More studies are recommended to explore the possibility of reproductive complications among infected women in endemic areas.

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Manni, J. J., and P. N. Lema. "Otitis media in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 101, no. 3 (March 1987): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100101574.

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AbstractTo assess the prevalence of otitis media in Tanzania a study was made of 3772 patients attending for the first time the ENT out-patient department of Muhimbili Medical Centre, University Hospital of Dar es Salaam. Otitis media in one form or another was present in 524 patients (14 per cent). The majority reported a long history of ear discharge.Hearing loss was a major complaint and was often found to be between 40–60 dB. H.L. Most patients admitted previous treatment, but otoscopy had rarely been performed. The medical profession in Tanzania cannot possibly deal with the large number of cases of chronic otitis media.With the recent introduction of otorhinolaryngology into the curriculum of the medical school of Tanzania it seems advisable to include otology in the programme for primary health workers.

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Elia, Emmanuel Frank. "Media coverage of climate change information in Tanzania." Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication 68, no. 4/5 (July 2019): 258–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gkmc-11-2018-0090.

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Lumanija, Hamis, and Demetria Gerold Mkulu. "Enhancing Students’ Council involvement in Management of Discipline in Public Secondary Schools in Bariadi District Council, Tanzania." International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences 5, no. 6 (2020): 2341–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijels.56.72.

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Fjeldstad, Odd-Helge. "Taxation, coercion and donors: local government tax enforcement in Tanzania." Journal of Modern African Studies 39, no. 2 (June 2001): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x01003627.

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This paper presents three propositions about tax collection by local authorities in Tanzania. First, revenue performance depends on the degree of coercion involved in tax enforcement. Reciprocity does not seem to be an inherent component of the state–society relationship in connection with local government taxation. Second, the extent of coercion depends on the bargaining powers of the stakeholders involved in the tax enforcement process. In particular, coercive tax enforcement is facilitated when the ‘bargaining powers’ with respect to tax collection favour the council administration, and the elected councillors have no direct influence on collection. Third, the presence of donors in a local authority may be crucial by changing the ‘balance of power’ in favour of the council administration, with implications for accountability, responsiveness and democratic development. These results may explain why widespread differences in revenue performance between local authorities are observed.

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Steyn, R. C. "The SA Media Council: Restoring the Balance." Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies 10, no. 1-2 (January 1989): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560054.1989.9653022.

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Souilmi, Yassine, Imane Allali, Oussama Badad, and Chinmay Kumar Dwibedi. "Highlights of the first ISCB Student Council Symposium in Africa 2015." F1000Research 4 (August 17, 2015): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.6877.1.

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This is a summary of the activities and scientific content of the first International Society for Computational Biology Student Council symposium in Africa. This meeting organized by the students for the students took place 8th of March 2015 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.

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Eliakimu, Eliudi. "Antimicrobial stewardship in Tanzania." International Journal of Health Governance 21, no. 3 (September 5, 2016): 150–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-02-2016-0012.

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Purpose – Worldwide situation analysis on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) released in 2015 by the World Health Organisation (WHO) has revealed inadequate capability to respond to AMR in African region. Report of antibiotics use and resistance in Tanzania revealed rising levels of healthcare associated Methicilin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections; while other studies have reported high prevalence of Expanded Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL). The purpose of this paper is to review the current situation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) in Tanzania using strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges (SWOC) analysis. Design/methodology/approach – General literature review was done on use of antimicrobials in Google Scholar, websites of key organisations including WHO, and grey literature. Conceptual framework designed by the authors was used to inform SWOC analysis of the Tanzanian health sector. Findings – The SWOC analysis has revealed much strength in the Tanzanian health sector indicating that increasing investments in laboratory services, in medicines Regulatory Authority and Pharmacy Council, and strengthening management teams at all levels of service delivery, including Medicines and Therapeutics Committees; and strengthening advocacy on rational use of antimicrobials both in humans and livestock will improve AMS. Research limitations/implications – This is a general literature review. No interview of experts or use of questionnaires was used. However, based on the literature found and author’s experience in the health sector, the information contained is valid for consideration in making policy decisions about AMR in Tanzania. Practical implications – Designing policy interventions to prevent development of AMR to commonly used antimicrobials. Social implications – Improving social wellbeing in the community through prevention of morbidity and mortality resulting from multi-resistant pathogens. Originality/value – This is the authors original idea backed by available literature.

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Rutechura, Frolence. "The Discourse of Conflict in Social Media Networks." Utafiti 13, no. 1 (March 18, 2018): 93–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-01301007.

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Conflict in online discussions has the potential to polarise individuals’ perceptions of any online political related post, yet political communication scholarship has paid little attention to systematic study of how verbal attacks play out in online discussions of political related posts. This paper takes a critical look at some samples of online readers’ comments to the news post issued by the European Union condemning the rise of political-related violence in Tanzania on the Tanzania based online platform−JamiiForums−in order to see how language is used by individuals to express their view points and opinions on the news event. This study applies van Dijk’s (2006) socio-cognitive approach of positive-self and negative-other polarisation in the readers’ comments on the news event.

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Eliza, Mwakasangula, and Tefurukwa W. Oscar. "The Challenges Facing Bottom up Planning Process in Korogwe Town Council in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 1 (March 18, 2018): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i1.12627.

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This paper focuses on the main challenges facing participation in the bottom up planning processes at Korogwe Town Council (KTC). The study used 329 respondents and employed interviews, informal discussion, observation, and documentary reviews to gather data. Mainly narration and content analyses were used to scrutinize all data.The findings show that there were: inadequate community participation in planning at KTC due to lack of motivation and training, shortage of staff, lack of funds, inflexibility, irresponsibility, and lack of council mechanism for participation. Consequently, there was low level of community members participating in bottom up planning process. In order to encourage more people to be part of planning process, among other things, there is need to improve (or introduce) motivation to and training of community members, leaders and officers for effective bottom up participation participate.

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Pearce, Dennis. "Elections and the media." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 5, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v5i1.641.

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An examination of the reporting of general elections from the perspective of the Australian Press Council presented at the University of the South Pacific with an eye to the Fiji election in May 1999.

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Sumari, Neema Simon, Gang Xu, Fanan Ujoh, Prosper Issahaku Korah, Obas John Ebohon, and Neema Nicodemus Lyimo. "A Geospatial Approach to Sustainable Urban Planning: Lessons for Morogoro Municipal Council, Tanzania." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 19, 2019): 6508. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226508.

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Sustainable urban planning is essential in mediating the natural and built environments globally, yet, there is little progress as regards its attainment in developing countries. Rapid and unplanned urbanization continue to threaten the sustainability of many cities in Africa. By selecting Morogoro Municipal Council (MMC) in Tanzania as an example, this study applied well-known remote sensing techniques to understand the dynamics of urban growth and the implications for sustainable urban planning. The study analyzes spatio-temporal characteristics for eighteen years (2000–2018) based on urban land density using gradient and grid-based analysis to further examine land use and urban land density nexus. The results indicate declining urban land densities with distance to the city center, indicating a less compact and fragmented development at the urban fringes; and northward development with limited development to the south of MCC. The knowledge and understanding of the patterns of spatio-temporal conditions, land use planning, and management interventions in MMC are necessary for addressing the inadequacies associated with rapid urbanization within the study area. On this basis, we propose a shift from the modernist to the communicative planning strategy that strongly integrates the urban social, economic, and environmental imperatives, while being adaptable to evolving realities. This plan should also aim to curtail urban sprawl and create a viable city system and economically prosperous city structure for MMC.

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Martin, Robert. "Building Independent Mass Media in Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 30, no. 2 (June 1992): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00010740.

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The 1980s were a terrible time for Africa. The decade began auspiciously enough — Nigeria had returned to civilian rule, the Tanzania People's Defence Force had sent Idi Amin packing, and the liberation struggle in Zimbabwe was about to win independence. But this promising beginning was quickly transformed and Africa sunk into its ‘lost decade’.

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Safari, John, Hussein Mohamed, Provident Dimoso, Winfrida Akyoo, Francis Odhiambo, Regnihaldah Mpete, Khalid Massa, and Anyitike Mwakitalima. "Lessons learned from the national sanitation campaign in Njombe district, Tanzania." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 9, no. 4 (October 31, 2019): 754–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2019.274.

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Abstract Sanitation remains one of the Sustainable Development Goals, with slow progress. Tanzania has been implementing the National Sanitation Campaign through a Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) approach since 2012. Njombe District Council (DC) has been identified to be among the best performing councils in the implementation of the sanitation campaign. A qualitative study was conducted to document how the CLTS was carried out in Njombe DC, assess progress on CLTS implementation and define the success factors for CLTS implementation. Findings show that CLTS intervention has resulted in increased coverage of improved latrines at a household level from 7.5% before the intervention in 2011 to 99.8% in September 2018. In addition, households with functional hand washing facilities have increased from 5.1% before the intervention to 94% in September 2018. Involvement of political leaders and government officials from the council level to the lowest governmental unit offered important support for CLTS implementation. The best mix of sanitation education, regulation and enforcement was instrumental in raising community awareness, changing collective behavior, making people comply with the village sanitation laws, and the overall success in the sanitation campaign.

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Zvozdetska, Oksana. "Controling and governance of audiovisual media services in Poland." Історико-політичні проблеми сучасного світу, no. 33-34 (August 25, 2017): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mhpi2016.33-34.213-221.

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The paper attempts to outline the Polish National Broadcasting Council’s establishing and evaluating its activities. The author observes that after 1989, one of the most essential achievements of the Polish media market was the creation of the National Broadcasting Council (Krajowa Rada Radiofonii i Telewizji KRRiT), that laid the foundations for a new media landscape in Poland. In a broader perspective, despite being criticized, the National Broadcasting Council is to meet high expectations for the electronic media regulation, its impact on state policy in implementing cultural and educational tasks by the Polish community broadcasters. Concurrently, making mistakes and handling criticism was partly caused by the Council politicization bias, a large executive subordination that doesn’t comply both with the Law “On Television and Radio Broadcasting” and European practice. Notable, the success of community broadcasters, who value interaction with viewers and listeners, should be a model for audiovisual sector to emulate. Keywords: Mass Media, the National Broadcasting Council, Advisory Council, audiovisual sector

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Cross, Charlotte. "Dissent as cybercrime: social media, security and development in Tanzania." Journal of Eastern African Studies 15, no. 3 (July 3, 2021): 442–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17531055.2021.1952797.

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Lameck, Wilfred U., and Denis J. Kamugisha. "In Search of a Link between Planning and Service Delivery: How can we Explicate Service Delivery Gap Using Primary Education and Agricultural Extension Services in Tanzania?" Journal of Public Administration and Governance 5, no. 4 (January 14, 2015): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v5i4.8864.

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Planning is a life blood of development. It creates a path through which initiatives can be translated into practice. This is possible if planning is made to be as integrative as possible to guarantee systematic coverage of all crucial aspects for attainment of articulated goals. It delineates key issues over which the tenets of different courses of action should be anchored. All the way through, Tanzania has been striving to adopt and execute an integrative planning process to attain its desired development. From 1960s through 1970s to early 1980s, Tanzania was found to be busy experimenting conventional planning process in all development circles. Nevertheless, conventional planning has been accused of being supply driven rather than demand driven. In reaction to this, from the early 21st century, Tanzania, like other developing countries, officially adopted a bottom up planning approach. Despite that deliberate intervention, the current practice still embraces top down model. This is so because the center still retains decision making powers and its priorities prevail over grassroots priorities. The objective of this article is to explain this failure of planning process which results to service delivery gap. In doing this, we compared the delivery of primary education in Moshi Municipal Council and that of agricultural extension services in Hai District Council.

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Ruozzi, Federico. "Catholic Church and the Italian public television. An enduring relation with an interlude: the Council." Studia Europaea Gnesnensia, no. 11 (January 1, 2015): 179–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/seg.2015.11.9.

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The article presents the entanglement of the Catholic Church and the media by focusing on the case of the Second Vatican Council and the television broadcast of its events. The mass media attention of the council stimulated, according to the author, a double level: the media conveyed more information about the church event than it had ever done before, but at the same time, the mass media influenced the discussion of the council fathers. The article also analyzes, through the lens of the Council, the recent relationship between the Catholic Church and the Italian television.

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F. Recher, Harry. "National Biodiversity Council." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 1 (1998): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980003.

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The NBC continues to increase its level of activity. Since the last report in Pacific Conservation Biology, among other actions, the Council has commented on the Commonwealth Governments "Native Title" legislation the "10 Point Plan" and made submissions on the proposed changes to Commonwealth Environment Legislation. Pierre Horwitz made a submission on behalf of the Council concerning the Western Australian Regional Forest Agreement process. Each submission received a high level of media attention with national coverage on the ABC for the Council's views on native title and on proposed new biodiversity legislation.

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Lee Heebok and Myounghee Shin. "Media Coverage and Public Relations Activities of Local Council- Focused on Gyeonggi-Do Provincial Council." Journal of Public Relations 14, no. 4 (November 2010): 78–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15814/jpr.2010.14.4.78.

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Melvern, Linda. "Rwanda and Darfur: The Media and the Security Council." International Relations 20, no. 1 (March 2006): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047117806060931.

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Johnson, Villy. "Council comments: Influence of the lay media in Norway." American Journal of Medicine 80, no. 6 (June 1986): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9343(86)90953-8.

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Kinemo, Stella Malangalila. "Local Government Capacity for Solid Waste Collection in Local Markets in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 4 (December 24, 2019): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i4.16125.

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Solid waste collection is one of the roles of municipal councils in Tanzania stipulated by the local government Act of 1982. This study empirically examined the capacity of Morogoro Municipal Council in collecting solid waste generated from the two market centers of Mawenzi and Manzese. The study employed case study design and mixed research approaches of qualitative and quantitative. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews and questionnaire. The data obtained in this study were subjected to interpretative and content analysis for qualitative data and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. Findings revealed that the most dominant type of waste generated in the two markets were the biodegradable wastes generated from natural products such as vegetables, fruits and food remains in general. More findings show that the process of solid waste management needed the resources of different types including financial resources, physical resources and human resources. It was found that Morogoro Municipal Council had inadequate resources to manage the amounts of the generated wastes in the two markets. To improve capacity of collecting solid waste in the two markets the study recommends increasing number of staff, vehicles and containers for waste collection, increase budget for solid waste collection and collect the waste frequently according to the accumulation of waste.

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Njunwa, Kelvin M. "Employee’s Motivation in Rural Local Governments in Tanzania: Empirical Evidence from Morogoro District Council." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 4 (December 6, 2017): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i4.12240.

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Human resources apart from other resources in an organization are the most valuable resource for effective organizational performance. Organization either public or private is highly depends on employee’s performance and commitment towards achieving organizational goals. Employee’s commitment is associated with employee’s motivation at workplace and depends highly on how management treats employees. The purpose of this paper was to analyze employee’s motivation in rural Local Government Authorities (LGAs) in Tanzania. The case study design was employed in which Morogoro District Council (MDC) was randomly selected as a study case. The sample size of the study was 55 employees from management, middle and lower levels. The methods of data collection used includes, Interview and self-administered questionnaires and observations. Data collected was analyzed through Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS). The study revealed that employees in local governments are not motivated in both financial and non financial aspects. Employees are dissatisfied with low salaries, lack of promotion and career development, poor training program, working environment, poor communication, unfair treatments and political interferences. The study recommends for the central government to improve salaries to employees, ensure fair promotion based on merits, invest in employee training and development, secure low rates loans, improve communication and relations between management and employees as well as to minimize political interference to local government employees by elected officials.

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Yohana, Emmanuel, Shiferaw Mitiku, P. Claver Kayumba, and Omary Swalehe. "Electronic Immunization Registry in Improving Vaccine Supply Chain Availability in Tanga City Council, Tanzania." Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 4, no. 2 (September 10, 2021): 223–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjmhs.v4i2.3.

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BackgroundDespite the advantages of the electronic registry which has been explained in other areas of health and other parts of the world, there has been no empirical research conducted with the aim of assessing the impact of the electronic immunization registry practices on the availability of immunization commodities.ObjectivesTo assess the effect of electronic immunization registry practices on the availability of immunization commodities.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out to health facilities providing vaccination services in Tanga City Council. A total of 27 health care workers in 27 health facilities were interviewed for availability of vaccines and their experience in using electronic immunization system in supply chain system functioning using structured questionnaires. The data from the vaccines manual ledger and electronic TImR system were also collected administered in April-June, 2019 specifically for Bacillus-Calmette Guerin (BCG), Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus-Hepatis B-Haemophilus influenza type b (DPT-HepB-Hib), bi-oral polio vaccine (bOPV), Measles-Rubella and Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine (HPV). These data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS using one sample T test and 95% confidence interval.ResultsThe study affirmed that the mean numbers of children registered at the health facilities using electronic immunization registry was 1.5-3 times higher than the target population for the three months preceding the study given by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS). The number of doses for the studied vaccines (DPT-HepB-Hib, measles rubella, HPV, BCG and bOPV) were found to be different in the manual and electronic TImR systems. Also, the number of doses available at the health facilities increased significantly with the number of the electronic system registered children.ConclusionThis study found that the adoption of Electronic immunization registry has improved the health supply chain in terms of improving the vaccines availability. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(2): 223-236

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Singh, Shailendra. "Six Oceania microstates: The genesis of media accountability." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 11, no. 2 (September 1, 2005): 42–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v11i2.839.

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Media accountability systems (M*A*S) have been slow to take root in Oceania. Apart from Papua New Guinea, Fiji is the trend-setter in the region. Following the establishment of the Fiji Media Council in the mid-1990s, several other South Pacific island countries were keen to the follow the lead. Tonga now has a similar body with a code of ethics and which includes public members empowered to receive and adjudicate on complaints against the media. In Samoa, a study has been carried out in order to establish a media council-type body. The Solomons Islands Media Council (SIMC) is an industry organisation that does not yet have a complaints procedure. It is considering including this mechanism in line with the Papua New Guinea Media Council with which it shares a website and has a cooperative agreement. This article examines the debate in six South Pacific island countries that have adopted, or are in the process of adopting, self-regulatory M*A*S mechanisms following government pressure. They are the Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vanuatu. The article also argues that there are other M*A*S that regional media can adopt besides media councils and this action would make it harder for governments to intervene and introduce regulation.

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Manyama, William, and Abu Mvungi. "Engagement of Social Workers in Policy Practice in Tanzania: A Case of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania." International Journal of Social Work 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijsw.v5i1.12351.

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Social workers are potential change agents who can be used to transform the lives of the vulnerable populations in the world and Tanzania, in particular. This is achieved through actively and creatively participating in policy formulation and change (policy advocacy and change, analysis, launching campaigns and building coalitions). The powers social workers have are derived from the professional legality vested in them in making practice decisions. By utilizing their powers, skills and knowledge as change agents, they can considerably imbue social policies with pro-poor approach that puts social justice at the centre of development. Drawing from the findings of a study conducted in Dar es Salaam, this paper shows that social workers’ engagement in policy practice was low. The reasons ascribed to low policy practice engagement are lack of policy practice competencies/specialized training in policy practice, institutional/organizational interest/influence, lack of resources and fear. The paper shows that low engagement of policy practice has partly contributed to the low visibility, recognition of social work profession, practice and inefficient provision of welfare services in Tanzania. This article argues that it is very important for social workers to use their social policy skills and knowledge so as to bring positive social and economic outcomes to the lives of the vulnerable populations in Tanzania. This can be successfully done by using professional associations such as TASWO, establishing Social Work Council and forging cooperation with NGOs in advocating not only for policy implementation but also policy research and change.

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Njuguna, Joseph, and Margaret Jjuuko. "A framing analysis of mainstream newspaper coverage of the 2013 ‘Coalition of the Willing’ initiative in East Africa." Journal of African Media Studies 12, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jams_00022_1.

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The phrase, ‘Coalition of the Willing’, emerged in East Africa in 2013, when three East African Community (EAC) members (Kenya, Uganda and Rwanda) forged a Tripartite Initiative to fast-track the EAC regional integration, sidelining Tanzania and Burundi, for their apparent ‘aloofness’ to integration. This coalition created tensions among the five countries, exacerbating an already simmering conflict between Tanzania and Rwanda involving the expulsion of ‘illegal’ Rwandan migrants from Tanzania. Informed by contemporary political communication and media framing, this article examines how these events were framed in five leading newspapers in East Africa: the Daily Nation (Kenya), the Daily Monitor (Uganda), The Citizen (Tanzania), The New Times (Rwanda) and The East African (EAC region). Through a thematic frame analysis, we interrogate the prevalence and implications of five prominent themes found in most political conflicts (attributions of responsibility, conflict, human interest, economic consequences and morality) on the ‘Coalition of the Willing’ media debate. The analysis reveals conflicting frames with a potential to inflame antagonistic media debates to the integration efforts ‐ by the resultant blame-game and opening up of historical wounds and personal differences, among the key players.

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Grosswiler, Paul. "A Q-methodology study of media worker attitudes toward changing roles of the media in Tanzania." Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies 17, no. 1 (January 1996): 88–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560054.1996.9653167.

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Ekström, Ylva, Anders Høg Hansen, and Hugo Boothby. "The Globalization of the Pavement." Nordicom Review 33, Special-Issue (December 1, 2012): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2013-0033.

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Abstract This article investigates examples of citizen media production and communication (blogs and social media sites in Tanzania and its diasporas) in the immediate aftermath of the Gongo la Mboto blasts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, February 2011. At the centre is the relationship between media use and communication practices of the pavement - drawing from the notion of pavement radio - and the spaceship, i.e. a metaphor for traditional mass media, exemplified by policies and practices of the BBC and its World Service. We argue that new social media practices as digital pavement radio are converging with traditional forms of street buzz and media use. Forms of oral communication are adapting towards the digital and filling information voids in an informal economy of news and stories in which media practices are stimulated by already ingrained traditions. An existing oral culture is paving the way for a globalization of the pavement.

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Kelsall, Tim. "Rituals of Verification: Indigenous and Imported Accountability in Northern Tanzania." Africa 73, no. 2 (May 2003): 174–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.2.174.

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AbstractHolding people to account for their actions is a feature of all societies. This article examines two different mechanisms of accountability, both of which are used in the Arumeru District of Tanzania. The first is a form of ritual cursing called ‘breaking a pot'; the second is the local government financial audit. By placing both practices in the same frame the article aims to unsettle the conceptual divide between the rational and the irrational, the modern and traditional, the scientific and the occult. It also asks whether imported forms of local government, such as are represented by Arumeru District Council, might be made responsible via indigenous and indexical mechanisms of accountability, or whether imported institutions are best rendered accountable by ‘universal’ means.

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Pacheco, Mike, and Heather Glynn Crawford-Ferre. "Media Literacy in Mathematics." Mathematics Teaching in the Middle School 24, no. 2 (October 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/mathteacmiddscho.24.2.0128.

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The Internet provides seemingly endless news and media. Unfortunately, not all news stories are accurate. How a story is told depends on who tells it and why. There are strategies for determining whether news stories are fact or fiction. The Media Literacy Council suggests taking into consideration who created or uploaded the information, where it is hosted, and when the information was published (http://www.medialiteracycouncil.sg). Consider these media stories:

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L. Mabula, Patrick, Kelly I. Kazinyingi, Edwin Christian Chavala, Victor Mosha, Sia E. Msuya, and Beatrice John Leyaro. "Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus among tuberculosis patients in Moshi Municipal Council, Kilimanjaro Tanzania." East African Health Research Journal 5, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24248/eahrj.v5i1.658.

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Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a worldwide public health problem and its prevalence has been rising rapidly in low and middle income countries (LMICs) including Tanzania. According to WHO report 2015, DM is ranked number six as a leading cause of death worldwide. Strong evidence suggests that DM may be associated with Tuberculosis (TB) and could affect TB treatment outcomes. Tanzania is among the 22 countries that have a high burden of TB and currently facing increased epidemic of DM. The increasing diabetes prevalence may be a threat to TB control and counteract strategies to end TB by 2030 as proposed by WHO. Objective: To determine proportion of TB patients who are co-infected with DM in Moshi municipal council, Kilimanjaro Tanzania. Methodology: This study was a hospital based cross-sectional study conducted in April to July 2018 at 4 health facilities; Mawenzi Regional Referral hospital, St. Joseph District Designated hospital, Pasua Health center and Majengo Health centre in Moshi municipal. The study included adults aged 18 years and above attending either of the 4 health facilities for TB care. The study included newly diagnosed and those who were on TB treatment. Interviews were conducted followed by blood glucose testing. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS Results: A total of 153 TB patients were enrolled, their mean age was 42.5 (±14.75) years and 46 (30.1%) were females. The prevalence of DM among TB patients in this study was 9.2%. Factors associated with TB-DM comorbidity were: age (OR 4.43, 95% CI: 1.18-16.55), HIV status (OR 3.88, 95% CI: 1.06-14.11), and family history of DM (OR 6.50, 95% CI 0.67-25.56). Conclusion: One in ten patients with TB had confirmed DM. There is a need for future studies to assess if DM influences TB treatment and outcomes in this setting.

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Sylivester Wanyaseleli Mkama. "Factors influencing place of delivery among women residing in Ifakara Town Council, Kilombero District, Tanzania." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 019–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2021.8.3.0178.

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Background: This study was done to assess factors influencing place of delivery among women residing in Ifakara Town Council, Kilombero district, Tanzania. Method: A community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2021. A total of 135 child bearing women from 3 randomly selected wards of Ifakara Town Council were involved in the study. Structured pre-tested questionnaire with key information was used to collect desired data. Results: More than half 55.6% of the women had health facility delivery and 44.4% of them had home delivery. The most common reason for home delivery was sudden onset of labor 50.4%. Other reasons for home delivery were age of 26 and above, parity of four, and education of mother. Conclusion: Maternal health services, such as antenatal care, skilled assistance during delivery and post-natal care, adequate equipment in health facilities, play a major role of in the reduction of maternal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, efforts should be made both at community and government levels to increase health facility delivery.

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Frumence, Gasto, Tumaini Nyamhanga, Mughwira Mwangu, and Anna-Karin Hurtig. "Challenges to the implementation of health sector decentralization in Tanzania: experiences from Kongwa district council." Global Health Action 6, no. 1 (August 29, 2013): 20983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v6i0.20983.

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Njunwa, Kelvin M. "Understanding Political – Administrative Relations in Local Governments in Tanzania: A Case of Tanga City Council." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 8, no. 2 (June 26, 2018): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v8i2.13324.

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Political-administrative relations are attracting the attention of researchers in the current public administration domain in developing countries. Local governments in Tanzania operate based on two types of officials namely; politicians and administrators and whose performance is largely dependent on the relationship of the two. The purpose of the paper was to provide a clear picture of the political-administrative relation in local governments. The study adopted a case study design by purposefully selecting Tanga City Council. A total of fifty (50) respondents were selected purposefully based on their knowledge and experience in working with the elected officials. The methods of data collection used include, survey method, interview, observation, Focus Group Discussion and Key Focus Interview (KFIs). Qualitative data were analysed using content analysis and quantitative data were analysed using SPSS whereby descriptive statistics were computed. The study revealed that the relationship between the elected and the appointed officials is characterized by conflict, distrust and interference that negatively affect employee’s performance in local government. Further, the study revealed that poor relations is highly associated with conflict of interests, distrust, task interdependence, political interference, lack of education on the side of politicians, poor communication and partisan politics. The study recommends that the government should have a regular monitoring of the relations between the two and encourage cooperation. Also the elected officials need to be trained on how to perform their roles in their areas of jurisdiction. The study recommend further that the elected and the appointed officials should perform their duties for public interests, increase the level of trust and do away with partisan politics in performing local government functions.

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Kajuni, Batamaga Akimu, and Deogratias Faustine Mpenzi. "The Direct Health Facility Financing Impact on Financial Management in Kaliua District Council, Tabora Tanzania." World Journal of Business and Management 7, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/wjbm.v7i1.17797.

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This study assessed the implementation of Direct Health Facility Financing (DHFF) on financial management among primary health facilities of Kaliua District Council. The assessment conducted because Kaliua District is the one among 184 councils where the government introduced DHFF; the study adopted case study design whereby, both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. A structured questionnaire, Interview, FDGs, Documentary review were used in obtaining data which were classified into planning process, rate of fund utilization, adherence to financial management guidelines and perceptions of employees on fund utilization which were administered to 238 respondents who sampled through simple random and purposeful sampling techniques. Data analysed using excel and SPSS for quantitative data and content analysis for qualitative data.Study revealed that, planning process work in excellent way (72.9%); utilization capacity of funds disbursed has been acknowledged at 70%; Fund utilization perceived positively impacting on the quality of health services delivery like availability of medicines and medical equipment in health facilities unlike the time before DHFF. Financial and procurement guidelines to some extent are adhered for about 50%. However, study observed some problems like lack of funds to facilitate HFGCs’ activities, late disbursement of funds that affected utilization. Conclusively based on findings, financial management at health facilities is effective as it attributed to significantly positive impacts on general improvement of health services delivery in public primary health facilities.

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Steyn, J. H. "The Media Council - Its role in a changing South Africa." Ecquid Novi: African Journalism Studies 11, no. 1 (January 1990): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560054.1990.9653030.

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Guo, Zhongshi. "Media Use Habits, Audience Expectations and Media Effects in Hong Kong's First Legislative Council Election." Gazette (Leiden, Netherlands) 62, no. 2 (April 2000): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0016549200062002004.

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Kesale, Anosisye Mwandulusya. "Selected Experiences of the Use of the Village Assembly in the Governance at the Grassroots Levels in Ludewa District Council in Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 7, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v7i2.11062.

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This study attempted to find out whether the local government reform crusade i.e. campaign began by the government of Tanzania since 1990s has actually resulted into promotion of accountability, participation and transparency in village governance in Tanzania. The study specifically concentrated on looking the extent village assembly influences village governance (accountability, transparence and participation) in the two selected village of Ludewa Mjini and Ludewa Vijijini village. The experience has revealed that to some extent village assembly influence accountability, participation and transparency in village governance. However, the study has found that village leader’s accountability and transparency are largely influenced by civic education level, active participation and accessed of information of village assembly members.

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Thayne, Martyn, and Andrew West. "‘Doing’ media studies: The media lab as entangled media praxis." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 25, no. 2 (March 7, 2019): 186–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856519834960.

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Typically understood in relation to innovations in new media and modes of peer-production, the ‘media lab’ has emerged as a contemporary phenomenon encompassing a variety of ‘maker-spaces’, ‘fablabs’ and ‘hackathons’. This article seeks to resituate the ‘media lab’ in the context of media research and education, drawing inspiration from the recent ‘nonrepresentational’ and ‘nonhuman’ turns in media and cultural theory that examine our entanglement with media on a social, cultural and biological level (Grusin, 2015b; Thrift, 2007; Vannini, 2015; Zylinska, 2012). This article contributes to such debates by presenting the lab as entangled media praxis as a set of 10 principles for teaching media as mediation: a reflexive form of ‘doing’ contemporary media studies that is primarily concerned with developing an embodied ‘attunement’ to the entangled relations of media lab participants. This framework calls for transdisciplinary modes of practice research and ‘critical making’, whereby students, artists, creative technologists and academics work collaboratively to address the affective and subjective conditions of contemporary digital culture. This article will explore these methods in relation to the concept of media entanglement, drawing out the underlying principles of the ‘entangled media praxis’ framework by examining two pilot media labs facilitated by the Arts Council England-funded project, 1215.today.

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Harrington, John A. "Between the state and civil society: medical discipline in Tanzania." Journal of Modern African Studies 37, no. 2 (June 1999): 207–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x99003031.

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This article seeks to examine the status of the medical profession in Tanzania, in the context of political and economic developments since independence. It demonstrates that doctors have maintained a relatively privileged position within the health care system and in the wider society from the colonial period, through the early years of indpendence, to the present. This has been achieved by a variety of means. During the 1970s and early 1980s the profession was closely associated with the developmentalist project of the state. Because of economic restructuring since then it has had to adopt the rhetoric and techniques of accountability, to distance itself from the state and position itself in the notional realm of civil society. Recent cases of the Medical Council are used to demonstrate this trend. Renewed legitimation is most significant as a means of maintaining the profession's links with its international counterparts, and with foreign donors who support the health care system in Tanzania.

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Laursen, Bo, and Chiara Valentini. "Media relations in the Council of the European Union: insights into the Council press officers' professional practices." Journal of Public Affairs 13, no. 3 (February 19, 2013): 230–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pa.1455.

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Yermakova, Yelena. "The Arctic: Press, Policy and the Arctic Council." Yearbook of Polar Law Online 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 15–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22116427_011010005.

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The changing situation in the Arctic due to global warming has prompted media coverage of a supposed “scramble for the Arctic,” an “Arctic boom,” or an “Arctic Bonanza.” Some even go further, deploying the rhetoric of a “New Cold War,” predicting an inevitable clash between the United States and Russia over interests in the region. The press coverage in both countries over the past decade reflects this new sensationalism. The academic literature unequivocally confirms that the press exerts substantial influence on governmental policy makers, and vice versa. However, while scholars agree that international organizations (IOs) are essential to shaping policies, the existing literature lacks research on media’s relationship with IOs, which often struggle to obtain the coverage and publicity they deserve. The Arctic Council has provided an effective platform for constructive dialogue and decision making involving the USA and Russia. Accordingly, despite disagreements in other regions of the world, the two global powers have managed to cooperate in the Arctic – notwithstanding recent media coverage painting a different and incomplete picture. This project surveys the media coverage of the Arctic over the past decade in Russia and the USA and its correlation with the Arctic Council’s activities. The analysis draws upon two prominent news organizations in Russia (Kommersant and Izvestiya) and two in the USA (the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal), as well as the Arctic Council’s press releases from June 2006 to June 2017. The paper finds that there is a clear disconnect between media coverage of the region and the Arctic Council’s activities. It recommends that the media pay more attention to the organization, particularly since it is the only prominent platform for international cooperation in the Arctic.

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MUSLEH ALSARTAWI, ABDALMUTTALEB M. A. "ASSESSING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INFORMATION TRANSPARENCY THROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA DISCLOSURE AND FIRM VALUE." Management and Accounting Review (MAR) 18, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/mar.v18i2.697.

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Based on the signaling theory, managers disclose the firm's high performance to maintain their positions and receive rewards. On the other hand, users of financial information prefer the transparency of information rather than the quantity of disclosed information. Online financial disclosure as an output of advanced technology provides useful, timely and verifiable information for decision making. Nevertheless, the level of IFR by the Gulf Cooperation Council companies varies due to the lack of appropriate regulations. Therefore, this study investigates the association between online financial disclosure and performance in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries. Extensive literature review was carried out and a checklist of 90 items (71 for content and 19 for presentation) was developed to measure the level of online financial disclosure for the companies that are listed in Gulf Cooperation Council bourses. The findings show that the overall online financial disclosure in Gulf Cooperation Council is 77% Nevertheless; the results indicate a positive association between OFD and performance. Accordingly, the study recommends that regulatory bodies should develop a guideline of disclosing information through the internet in order to enhance the corporate transparency and performance among the Gulf Cooperation Council listed companies leading to reasonable economic decision making. Keywords: Online Financial Disclosure; Performance; Voluntary Disclosure; GCC Countries.

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Zeitzoff, Thomas. "Using Social Media to Measure Conflict Dynamics." Journal of Conflict Resolution 55, no. 6 (June 20, 2011): 938–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002711408014.

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The lack of temporal disaggregation in conflict data has so far presented a strong obstacle to analyzing the short-term dynamics of military conflict. Using a novel data set of hourly dyadic conflict intensity scores drawn from Twitter and other social media sources during the Gaza Conflict (2008–2009), the author attempts to fill a gap in existing studies. The author employs a vector autoregression (VAR) to measure changes in Israel’s and Hamas’s military response dynamics immediately following two important junctures in the conflict: the introduction of Israeli ground troops and the UN Security Council vote. The author finds that both Hamas’s and Israel’s response to provocations by the other side increase (both by about twofold) immediately after the ground invasion, but following the UN Security Council vote, Israel’s response is cut in half, while Hamas’s slightly increases. In addition, the author provides a template for researchers to harness social media to capture the micro-dynamics of conflict.

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Ikasu, Esther J. "The Relationship between Extrinsic Motivators and Local Government Employee Teams Performance in Iringa Municipal Council, Tanzania." Journal of Business Management and Economic Research 2, no. 8 (November 2, 2018): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.29226/tr1001.2018.55.

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Mushi, Lawrencia Dominick, and Eileen A. Mhando. "Factors for Low Uptake of Antiretroviral Therapy Among HIV Pregnant Women in Mbeya City Council, Tanzania." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 1 (March 29, 2019): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i1.14337.

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UNAIDS aimed to reach 90% antiretroviral therapy uptake among people living with HIV by 2015. Despite free provision of antiretroviral therapy to pregnant women living with HIV, the uptake remains low. This study describes views of pregnant women about low uptake of antiretroviral therapy among pregnant women living with HIV in Mbeya City Council.The study used a descriptive cross-sectional design and applied mixed research approaches. 44 pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy and 12 health providers were conveniently selected. Four key informants were purposively selected. In-depth interviews with pregnant women and key informants; exit interviews with pregnant women; and observation of health providers were conducted. Audio tape recording from in-depth interviews was transcribed into Swahili to English. Social ecological framework was used in data coding based on individual, social and health service aspects then analysed using Atlas. ti 7. Quantitative data was analyzed in Excel spreadsheet, and presented using tables.The findings from interviews and observations showed that the main individual factors (like treatment-related side effects and religious faith); social factors (like traditional medicine and lack of partner/husband support) and health service factors (like long waiting time and discrepancy in information given to clients during adherence counseling on antiretroviral therapy) were more likely to be associated with low uptake of antiretroviral therapy.This study indicates that various factors at individual, social and health service levels were more likely to cause low uptake of ART. Reasons for discrepant information during counseling by providers remain a question which needs further research.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Media Council of Tanzania'

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