Academic literature on the topic 'Media linguistics, headline, internet article'

The author attempts to consider linguistically the phenomenon of pseudo-sensation which is widespread on the Internet. From the point of view of linguistics pseudo-sensation is a short message of a shocking and provocative nature, constructed on the basis of any media text that does not contain sensational information. Being derived from the source-text, pseudo-sensation differs from a fake, which is a completely fictional message or graphic object. Pseudo-sensational messages are presented on the Internet mainly in the form of announcement headlines. Such headlines function autonomously on a web page as signals motivating to follow a hyperlink. The logical and semantic transformations, employed in pseudo-sensational headlines construction, allow to transform almost any media text into a pseudo-sensation. The description of the mechanisms of such constructing makes the subject of this article. The description is methodologically based upon the "semiotics of truth perversion" by Yu.I. Levin. The analysis of research material, collected from Russian Internet sites, has enabled to reveal three basic logical and semantic transformations: elimination (excluding of one or more components of the text proposition from the headline), substitution (the replacement of the significant components of the text proposition) and complication (addition of excessive components into the headline that are not explicitly contained in the text). The cognitive basis of encouraging to the hypertext transition is the false activation of certain components of the recipient's thesaurus.

The periodical press reflects modern reality, and the newspaper text becomes that integral element of modern society, which influences on social behavior, forms mass consciousness creates some myths and deconstructs the others. With the development of the Internet and the means of communication, the publicist text began to develop a new “environment”, gradually assimilating in the virtual space, creating a new phenomenon, a media text, which is of special interest for researchers.The headline in the publicist media text serves as an attraction that makes the recipient pay attention to the proposed publication, go over the hyperlink and create a motivation to get acquainted with the main material of the article. In this vein, special attention is paid to the use of artistic means-irony, language games, metaphors, allusions, etc., since in the context of publicist discourse they become the main style-building components and attractive triggers. In our study, we consider allusion as one of the key components of the headline of publicist media text, as it reflects the culture layer that is common to the addressee and the recipient, thereby marking a certain cultural paradigm that dominates the given society.Thus, the aim of our research is to analyze and systematize the basic principles of functioning of allusion in the headlines of publicist texts from the positions of media linguistics.

В статье поднимается проблема функционирования знаков препинания в русских, чувашских и английских медиатекстах на современном этапе. Автор утверждает, что анализ пунктуационного узуса необходимо проводить на материале сетевых газетных заголовков, поскольку в Интернете они являются главными речевыми единицами, формирующими информационную картину мира людей. Сетевые газетные заголовки концентрируют в себе языковые традиции и инновации, отражают тенденции пунктуационной практики цифрового общества, среди которых автор выделяет использование двоеточия в функции пояснения содержания, представленного в первой части бессоюзного сложного предложения, отсутствие вопросительного знака в конце вопросительного предложения, сочетание знаков препинания в предложении для усиления выразительности высказывания. Выявлено, что не все нормы и правила постановки знаков препинания рассматриваемых языков учитывают изменения в пунктуационном оформлении современных текстов. Автор приходит к выводу, что решение заявленной научной проблемы позволит уточнить новые функции и значения отдельных знаков препинания, переосмыслить их семантические и экспрессивные возможности, выявить национальные особенности и сформировать предложения для обновления свода правил пунктуации разноструктурных языков, а также внести существенный вклад в развитие теории медиа- и интернет-лингвистики, медиастилистики и, главным образом, сопоставительного языкознания. The article raises the problem of the functioning of punctuation marks in Russian, Chuvash and English media texts at the present stage. The author argues that punctuation usage should be analyzed on the material of online newspaper headlines since on the Internet they are the main speech units that form the information picture of the world. Online newspaper headlines concentrate language traditions and innovations, reflect the trends of punctuation practice of the developing digital society. Among them, the author highlights the use of the colon in the function of explaining the content presented in the first part of a non-union complex sentence, the absence of the question mark at the end of the question, the combination of punctuation marks in the sentence to enhance the expressiveness. It is revealed that not all the norms and rules of punctuation marks of the considered languages take into account changes in the punctuation design of modern texts. The author comes to the conclusion that the solution to the stated scientific problem will allow us to clarify the new functions and meanings of individual punctuation marks, to rethink their semantic and expressive possibilities, to identify the national features of their use, to form proposals for updating the punctuation rules of different structural languages and to make a significant contribution to the development of the theory of media and Internet linguistics, media stylistics and, mainly, comparative linguistics.

This paper considers headlines of German-language news articles and their functions in present-day political discourse of mass media. The concept of "political communication" is specified and the main target trends in studying news headlines from a linguistic point of view are interpreted. The headline is a text sign with a very strong effect, it has the following characteristics: informativeness, modality, formal construction and semantic completeness, interpretability, polyfunctionality. The high tempo and the level of the IT development change the manner of presenting material by focusing mostly on the readers of Internet news to whom of special importance is the degree of the newness of some information or the special viewpoint under which an information event is covered. The data for research within the framework of this paper are the headlines of articles with political news on the Deutsche Welle website. To reveal the mechanism of the influence of headlines on political discourse construction, special attention is paid to their functional and structural peculiarities in contemporary media space. The main structural types of news headlines are two-member sentences, headlines in the form of questions, elliptical headlines and nominative headlines difering from each other in the manner of presenting information. The prevailing structural pattern of the headline in the German-language press is a two-member sentence with a direct word order, the number of the words varying from six to eight. In the course of the analysis of news headlines the most typical functions are described: nominative-informative, graphically-highlighting, informational, influencing, advertising and evaluative-expressive as well as integrative and searching functions of headlines. Briefness and structural rigidity are characteristic of German-language news articles. The following principles are typical of the news articles on the Deutsche Welle website: intensified visualization, strongly pronounced interactivity, simplicity and promptness.

Introduction. Cognitive linguistics believes that metaphor is a way of human thinking and a powerful tool for cognition. In other words, the theory of cognitive metaphor believes that metaphor is not only a rhetorical technique, but also a way of human cognition, which affects the form of human thinking. In news headlines, metaphors are even more commonly used. In the current rapid development of new media, the first visual impact of news headlines on the audience plays a vital role in the spread of articles and the amount of reading. Based on the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor, this work compares the war metaphors in sports news headlines of Russian and Chinese of new media, attempting to analyze the similarities and differences in the use of metaphors, which helps illuminate the complex, dynamic, and nuanced functions of metaphor in cognition in sports news headlines, and in headlines of new media in particular. Material and methods. Since the 21st century, especially in the past 10 years, with the popularization of computers and the Internet, coupled with the technical support of 5G communications, new media has developed, popularized and improved rapidly.

This article reviews the headline structure on the online news portals that are dedicated to sport events. The object of this research is a typical model of heading complex, while the subject is the specificity of text heading strategy during a notable sport event, such as the Olympic Games in Tokyo. The article employs the method of continuous sampling of headlines, classification and interpretation of the acquired material, comparative analysis, as questionnaire-based survey of young journalists – students of the faculty of Journalism. The answers of respondents indicated that these information portals have become a traineeship for the students majoring in sports journalism. The novelty of this article is defined by the following factors: most common headline structure on the sports information portals consists of two simple sentences; there are four types of relationships between the parts of headline. The author determines the reason for the dominance of the two-part headline complex: on the one hand, it is explained by the general evolution of headlines of the Internet media – from drawing attention towards purely informative, which virtually replaces reading of the material. On the analyzed Internet portals, this is complemented by the tendency towards copying the structure of the post in social media: the image and short description it, which can unfold to a larger text upon the desire of the reader. It is assumed that namely the prevalence of young journalists in sports media and the focus on young audience that follows sports events t leads to the increase of headlines of such type.

The analysis of material presented in the media discourse demonstrates significant changes in the intentionality of the journalistic text, which are reflected in establishing contacts so as to grab and retain the reader's attention. This feature of modern media text is represented in changing genre preferences, speech tactics and strategies, and, consequently, selecting and combining linguistic means. One of the manifestations of this trend is the phenomenon of clickbait, which is a communicative act of promising to continue communication. This article is dedicated to the clickbait with the semantics of comicality. The collected from the Russian-language Internet research material includes clickbait headings that promise a certain funny content. The study revealed that a clickbait model includes the following semantic components: a stimulating utterance of the subject of speech seeking to involve the reader in the humorous nature of hypertext; the verbal and non-verbal markers of the object of laughter; markers, which reflect Internet user's involvement in the communicative act. The analysis of relationship between the components of a clickbait model resulted in specifying four types of clickbait headlines: 1) narrative headlines, which invite the reader to laugh what some other readers have already laughed at; 2) offering headlines suggesting some comic entertainment; 3) allusive clickbaits that hint on the possibility to continue amusing reading; 4) nominative clickbaits, which name the expected laughing reaction to the presentation of some objects.

The article reviews the different classifications of the Spanish newspaper headlines that were offered by the Spanish linguists. They consider the headline a component of the mediatext that reproduces completely or partly the elements of the text of the article. These investigations concern such areas of linguistics as media linguistics, pragmalinguistics, functional linguistics, theory of the text.

The article examines the linguistic features of the heroization of medical workers in the mass media discourse during the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection. During the fight against the spread of the coronavirus, doctors acquired the status of heroes. The heroic image of a doctor who is at the forefront of the fight against a new threat is fully expressed in various discursive and non-discursive constructs: mass media discourse, creolized texts, photo and video materials, comments from users of the Internet services, etc. The headlines of publications, the names of projects, competitions, and actions indicate the heroization of doctors. The process of heroization is also implemented in creolized texts of social advertising. The main linguistic means of heroization is metaphorization: the doctor is represented as a soldier in war, a superhero, a guardian angel. So, in the studied texts, the fight against the coronavirus is metaphorically represented as a war, medical personnel – as soldiers fighting with weapons in their hands against a terrible enemy – the virus, the walls of a medical institution – as a battlefield. As a result of the study, it is revealed that there is a tendency to local heroization and concretization of the heroic on the examples of real people

The use of social media has become a regular habit for many and has changed the way people interact with each other. In this article, we focus on analyzing whether news headlines support tweets and whether reviews are deceptive by analyzing the interaction or the influence that these texts have on the others, thus exploiting contextual information. Concretely, we define a deep learning method for relation–based argument mining to extract argumentative relations of attack and support. We then use this method for determining whether news articles support tweets, a useful task in fact-checking settings, where determining agreement toward a statement is a useful step toward determining its truthfulness. Furthermore, we use our method for extracting bipolar argumentation frameworks from reviews to help detect whether they are deceptive. We show experimentally that our method performs well in both settings. In particular, in the case of deception detection, our method contributes a novel argumentative feature that, when used in combination with other features in standard supervised classifiers, outperforms the latter even on small data sets.

The detailed consideration of lexical processes, structuring of lexical units, study of neologization processes, selection of functional types of neolexes, their classification and systematization provoke the active development of modern linguistics. The purpose of the work is to identify thematic subgroups of socio-political vocabulary, to find out the structural-semantic and functional features of the neolexes of the analyzed vocabulary in the mass media of Mykolayiv region. The object of the work is the vocabulary of the mass media of Mykolayiv region. The subject of research is socio-political vocabulary, neolexes in the mass media space of Mykolayiv region.To solve the above problems used methods of linguistic research, the choice of which depends on the purpose, objectives and collected factual material: the method of observation and the method of continuous sampling (to identify tokens related to the socio-political layer, innovations in publications and broadcasting); method of comparison (to determine the neological nature of the studied units and features of the mass media of Mykolayiv region at the all-Ukrainian level); descriptive (for inventory and classification of empirical material); component analysis (from the study of word semantics), comparable (during the analysis of socio-political vocabulary of the period 2015-2018). In the article the basic modern classifications of social and political vocabulary of language of mass media are considered, the thematic subgroups of tokens of the Nikolaev mass media are analyzed, features of the offered classification are established. Having analyzed the most important thematic subgroups that have been identified in the course of working with factual material, the following thematic subgroups function in the mass media space of Mykolayiv region: nomenclature names in the language of mass media; names of departments, bodies in the structure of the state administrative apparatus; names of political parties, movements, ideological currents and their members; tokens of the military sphere; name of social processes of disorganization of public life. The active use of the names of political parties, movements, ideological currents and their members is observed during the election campaign. In our opinion, due to the negative attitude of the society to the political activity of the majority of the representatives of the People’s Deputies of Ukraine, the affiliation of specific individuals to the respective parties has been silenced lately. But, of course, this subgroup of social and political vocabulary takes place and is actively reflected in the mass media, for example: poroshenkivci, election campaign, coalition government. Words that directly describe the life of society (spiritual life, cultural values, etc.) fully fill the pages of the media of various types, for example: patriotism, national symbols, street art, independence, unemployment, subsistence level. The nature of the information space is to respond quickly to what is happening in people's lives. That is why the vocabulary of the military thematic subgroup is most widely used, as the mass media reacts to the actual news worrying the Ukrainian society in general and Mykolayiv in particular. Other lexical spheres also actively function in mass media space of Mykolayiv region. Words to denote the most important political, economic, religious and other concepts form the basis for articles in newspapers and on the Internet.

The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.