Academic literature on the topic 'Media system dependency theory'
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Journal articles on the topic "Media system dependency theory"
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Rohmah, Nurliya Ni'matul, and Endang Rahmawati. "Interpretation of Media System Dependency Theory on Financial Technology." Jurnal ASPIKOM 8, no. 1 (2023): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v8i1.1186.
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A study on the interpretation of people's dependency behavior on digital technology, one of which is in the financial sector in daily life by adapting the theory of Media Dependency System. This article discusses the application of the theory which consists of (1) an analysis of dependence on fintech based on the social system of womenprenuers in Lombok; and (2) interpretation of media system dependency theory on fintech. A total of 108 samples from the population of womenprenuers in Lombok to test its statistical hypotheses. The results revealed there is a positive correlation between the location of the respondents, the business they were in and the financial platform used simultaneously on their dependence on fintech ecosystem
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Chen, Shuya. "Impact of Social Media on User Engagement through the Lens of Media System Dependency Theory." Advances in Education, Humanities and Social Science Research 8, no. 1 (2023): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.8.1.212.2023.
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Social media has penetrated into our lives, triggering engagement both online and offline. However, the current research is limited to the exploration of online engagement, so this study expands the scope of research to offline, and explores the impact of media dependence on online and offline communication based on media-system dependency. This study adopts the method of questionnaire and selects three topics of clothing, food, and sports events to provide data support. The results of the study show that similar to common topics such as clothing and food, online engagement has no effect on offline communication, and for topics of sports events with certain interest orientation, media dependence will not affect its offline communication.
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Kim, Yong-Chan, and Joo-Young Jung. "SNS dependency and interpersonal storytelling: An extension of media system dependency theory." New Media & Society 19, no. 9 (2016): 1458–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444816636611.
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The purposes of the current study are (1) to conceptualize and test a social networking service (SNS) dependency measure and (2) to propose and test a general model of the effect of SNS dependency on online and offline interpersonal storytelling. This study is theoretically guided by media system dependency theory and communication infrastructure theory. Computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI) were conducted with 477 SNS users aged 19–59 in Seoul in October of 2012. Confirmatory factor analyses results showed that our SNS dependency measure was valid and reliable. The results also confirmed that SNS dependency had direct effects on individual users’ levels of engagement with interactive activities on SNSs and indirect effects on offline interpersonal storytelling.
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Semujju, Brian. "Theorizing Dependency Relations in Small Media." Communication Theory 30, no. 4 (2020): 370–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ct/qtz032.
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Abstract The paper questions the pervasive western intellectual universalism which disregards Global South imaginations for generalized approaches. Using field data from Uganda about Community Audio Towers (CATs), the western-generated community media theory is interrogated, accentuating its failure to account for the intricate relationship between the individual, society, and small media. To cover the gap, the Small Media System Dependency theory is herein introduced as a geocultural response to lack of theory from the South.
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Neging, Pressca, Jati Kasuma Ali, Noraini Nasirun, and Yusman Yacob. "A Conceptual Framework for Determining Social Media Dependency (SMD) among Gen Zers." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science IX, no. I (2025): 4138–47. https://doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2025.9010322.
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This study proposed a conceptual framework for extending Media System Dependency (MSD) Theory in the study of Social Media Dependency (SMD). The framework is proposed based on in-depth analysis of determining influencing factors from social media dependency perspective. Extensive review of literature on three different domains namely social system, social media system and entrepreneurial system was carried out to propose the conceptual framework. Books and research articles on social media dependency or addiction were also consulted to see the emerging trends in global management and communication settings. Drawing from MSD Theory, a determining system; entrepreneurial system was proposed that highlights the factors that can play important roles in developing SMD among Gen Zers. It is argued that potential entrepreneurs, education, and entrepreneurial intention are a few of the important entrepreneurial elements in social media usage which can significantly develop Gen Zers SMD. It has also been proposed that MSD theory is known for making individuals develop dependency relations with the media if they find the resources provided by the media helpful in accomplishing various goals. This study is conceptual in nature. Proposed hypotheses need to be verified empirically, and this study is the first of its kind to observe Gen Zers SMD from three lens namely social system, social media system and entrepreneurial system simultaneously. The idea will significantly add value to MSD Theory, SMD and generational cohort’s literatures.
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Clausen, Lars. "Mediebrud mellem organisationer og netværk [Media disruptions between organisations and networks]." MedieKultur: Journal of media and communication research 26, no. 49 (2010): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/mediekultur.v26i49.2369.
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The present article examines the elites’ dependence on diffusion media and communication media within the Luhmannian system theory. Through the use of a media concept from medium-theory and concepts from research on elites, three levels of dependency emerge: the diffusion media, the media of the system and leadership as the specific communication medium of elites, which is dependent on the state of the three media. The hypothesis is that the specific form of elites has specific, epochal media dependencies, and this becomes evident in the present in social scientific research.
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Rahayu, Luthfiyyah, Muhammad Rizky, AB Sarca Putera, and Ayu Adriyani. "Analisis Kasus Ketergantungan Manusia Terhadap Media Digital dalam Media System Dependency Theory." Social Empirical 1, no. 2 (2024): 137–43. https://doi.org/10.24036/scemp.v1i2.35.
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Kemampuan literasi digital masyarakat Indonesia meningkat seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang ditandai dengan makin tingginya jumlah pengguna smartphone dan akses internet dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Saat ini jumlah pengguna yang aktif di media sosial yang ada di Indonesia mencapai 191 juta orang pada Januari 2022. Banyaknya pengguna aktif smartphone dan media sosial seperti yang disebutkan sebelumnya, intensitas penggunaan ponsel juga meningkat sehingga keterikatan pada ponsel cerdas juga meningkat dan sulit untuk mengendalikan kebiasaan terus-menerus memeriksa ponsel yang dikenal dengan phubbing. Penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi dinamika dari hubungan ketergantungan terhadap media yang intens dan luas antara individu dengan ponsel. Metode pengumpulan data berupa survei kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis secara deskriptif. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa tujuan penggunaan ponsel meningkatkan intensitas penggunaan ponsel sehingga menimbulkan efek kognitif, afektif dan perubahan perilaku. Media merupakan salah satu kebutuhan penting bagi masyarakat, namun media memiliki efek terhadap masyarakat baik secara langsung maupun tidak. Dalam Media System Dependency Theory tiga paradigma yang digunakan media untuk mengetahui efek dari media tersebut.Paradigma pertama, yang disebut paradigma efek kuat(Direct Effects Models),media dikatakan memiliki kekuatan luar biasa besar sehingga anggota khalayak yang terisolasi dan anonim dari khalayak massa ini akan menyerah segera. Paradigma kedua yaitu efek minimalis atau biasa dikenal juga dengan paradigma efek terbatas(Limited Effects Models), media terlihat dalam control khalayak atas selektivitas. Paradigma ketiga efek kumulatif (Cumulative Effects Models), masyarakat terlalu berpotensi terhadap media dalam paparan pada terbatas. Saat ini peneliti teori efek media telah cukup berkembang sampai pada tingkatan beberapa subarea khusus penelitian.
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Zia Ul Hannan, Fiza, and Shabir Hussain. "Implications of Social Media Dependency in Pakistan." Global Sociological Review VIII, no. II (2023): 469–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gsr.2023(viii-ii).48.
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This article aims to provide a detailed discourse on the studies that have been conducted in the past four years to assess Pakistani individuals’ social media dependency, in the context of media system dependency theory, and its implications on the cognitive and behavioral aspects of their everyday lives. Skimming down to the conclusion, the article addresses strategies that could, if implemented, be beneficial for any hazardous consequences to the well-being of Pakistani social media users and suggests longitudinal studies for looking into the evolving patterns of social media dependency.
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Li and Bautista. "Examining Personal and Media Factors Associated with Attitude towards Genetically Modified Foods among University Students in Kunming, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (2019): 4613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234613.
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: Guided by the theory of reasoned action and media system dependency theory, this study examined attitude towards genetically modified foods (GMF) among university students in Kunming, China, as well as personal and media factors related to such attitude. Data were collected from an online survey with 467 university students across eight universities in Kunming. Results showed that attitude towards GMF were more negative than positive. Moreover, food neophobia and media attention were negatively associated with attitude towards GMF. In contrast, perceived benefit was positively associated with attitude towards GMF. Although the interaction between media dependency and media attention was significant, simple slope analysis confirmed that the interaction slopes were nonsignificant, suggesting that media attention did not moderate the association between media dependency and attitude towards GMF in this study. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Zhang, Xinzhi, and Zhi-Jin Zhong. "Extending media system dependency theory to informational media use and environmentalism: A cross-national study." Telematics and Informatics 50 (July 2020): 101378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2020.101378.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Media system dependency theory"
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Kheiravar, Sara [Verfasser], and Thorsten [Akademischer Betreuer] Blecker. "Exploring the acceptance of ubiquitous computing-based Information services in brick and mortar retail environments - an integration of UTAUT2 and media system dependency theory / Sara Kheiravar ; Betreuer: Thorsten Blecker." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163662313/34.
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Schrock, Andrew. "MYSPACE OR OURSPACE: A MEDIA SYSTEM DEPENDENCY VIEW OF MYSPACE." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4023.
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MySpace is a type of "social networking" website where people meet, socialize, and create friendships. The way MySpace members, particularly younger individuals, interact online underscores the changing nature of mass media. Media system dependency states that individuals become reliant on media in their daily life because of fundamental human goals. This reliance, termed a dependency, leads to repeated use. Media system dependency was applied in the current study to explain how and why individuals became habitual MySpace users. To attain results a survey was administered to a convenience sampling of 401 adult undergraduates at the University of Central Florida. Members reported MySpace dependency had a moderate correlation to MySpace use, and they actively used the website an average of 1.3 hours of use per day. Results indicated members use MySpace to primarily satisfy play and interaction orientation dependencies. MySpace use was found to have a correlation with number of MySpace friends. "Number of friends created" in turn had a correlation with MySpace dependency, as people returned to interact with their friends. Individual factors were also found to be a source of influence in MySpace dependency. These individual factors were demographics, psychological factors related to use of the Internet, and psychological factors related to use of MySpace. Factors related to MySpace, extroversion and self-disclosure, were positively correlated with intensity of dependency. The influence of factors related to the Internet was partly supported; computer self-efficacy was not significantly related to MySpace dependency, while computer anxiety was significantly related to MySpace dependency. Speed of connection to the Internet and available time to use the Internet were not related to MySpace dependency. Additionally, significant differences were found between genders in overall dependency, extroversion, self-disclosure, computer anxiety, and computer self-efficacy. These findings provide evidence that MySpace members were little, if at all, constrained by factors related to use of the Internet, but were attracted to the websites for similar reasons as real-life relationships. Finally, MySpace is just one of the large number of online resources that are predominantly social, such as email, message boards, and online chat. This study found that through a "technology cluster" MySpace members use these other social innovations more frequently than non-members. However, members also used significantly more non-social innovations, which may indicate that MySpace members are part of a larger technology cluster than anticipated or perhaps are in the same category of innovation adopter.<br>M.A.<br>Nicholson School of Communication<br>Sciences<br>Communication
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Foster, Brent M. "Understanding media system dependency in the information age : the digital ripple effect /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3164507.
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Glade, Tyrone Hamilton. "September 11, 2001 : an individual media dependency perspective /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2004. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd600.pdf.
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Kim, Inho, and n/a. "Press treatment of Korean chaebols 1989-1993." University of Canberra. Communication, Media & Tourism, 1995. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060810.102157.
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This study analyses press treatment of the Korean chaebols from
1989 to 1993. A review of the scholarly literature found that the
chaebols were very powerful, but were widely disliked and distrusted by
members of the Korean public. As well as controlling many Korean
businesses, the chaebols influence the media industries through direct
and indirect control. With such influence, and their effort to improve
their image after the Seoul Olympics, the researcher expected rather
favourable images to be reported in the selected press. A total of seven
foreign and domestic newspapers and magazines were selected for the
study, which represented various ownership and readership
characteristics. Hypotheses were established on the basis of the evidence
in Chapters 1 and 2 of the power of the chaebols, and of their recent
concern to improve their public images. Quantitative content analysis
was then used to investigate significant differences in each selected
source in relation to the resource dependencies of the selected
newspapers and magazines. Each source was compared and analysed to
investigate its distinctiveness and their dependencies due to limited
resources. Also, some qualitative content analysis was incorporated to
further investigate the ways the Korean chaebols were reported.
The research found that rather unfavourable images of the
chaebols were often reported in the press, both Korean and overseas.
They were favourably described as a contributor in developing in the
Korean economy, but were unfavourably described as socially
destructive. Our results often contradicted our hypotheses. Also, some
significant difference and similarities of reports about chaebols were
found especially between the Korean and non-Korean press. The more
complex situation revealed by our results was addressed using
Turow's(1984) Resource Dependency Theory. Overall, the study
supported the more complex picture put forward by the Resource Dependency Theory rather than the somewhat simplistic view that sees
ownership as the main influence on media outlets.
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Sharman, David M. (David Maynard) 1966. "Valuing architecture for strategic purposes : comments on applying the dependency structure matrix with real options theory." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43617.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2002.<br>Also issued in leaves.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 232-236).<br>Analysis of product and organisational architecture using dependency structure matrices to describe a series of domains, in conjunction with real options theory, assists in predicting the strategic capabilities of either existing or potential products and organisations, and likely optimal or maximal rates of change. This assists in predicting the extent to which technologically dependent organisations can realistically create and capture value from a portfolio approach as a number of technology conglomerates currently seek to do. It also goes some way towards explaining why existing organisations find it difficult to create or exploit new knowledge and thereby helps explain why many synergies remain unrealised. This suggests that strategic leadership of technology conglomerates must be by people who possess either the tacit knowledge of the financial, organisational and technical aspects of the business, or who possess explicit tools to bridge any gaps. Given that explicit financial tools are available, in the absence of unique individuals the strategic planning process needs to incorporate measures designed to a priori check that the proposed strategies will result in technical knowledge creation and organisational value capture.<br>by David M. Sharman.<br>S.M.
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Hopstad, Birgitte. "The Russian media under Putin and Medvedev: Controlled media in an authoritarian system." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for sosiologi og statsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-12452.
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What we see in Russia today is a dual media system, with independent and critical newspapers on one side vs. controlled and censored television channels on the other. The independent media are facing severe difficulties, and the accountability of the elected are nearly non-existing. The weaknesses of the judicial system allowing arbitrary exercising of the legislation against journalists, the increased control of media outlets both regional and federal, among television channels, newspapers and online media, lack of access to information, all are preventing the development of the media as the fourth estate providing a check on those in power. Journalistic practises, the heritage from the Soviet era and not at least the ownership structures are contributing to the development of a media system in favour of authoritarianism. Globalization has only a minor effect on freedom of speech due to increased control of the internet, and the capacities the authorities have shown to use globalization to their own advantage. The Russian media today are far more contributing to uphold an authoritarian regime than contributing to increased democracy.
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Munns, Christopher. "Why Use Facebook? A Uses & Gratifications Study of Generation X in the UK." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22261.
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This paper explores the use of the social networking site, Facebook, by the GenerationX cohort (those born 1966-1980 inclusive) currently living in the United Kingdom(identified as a somewhat under-studied group to date). Utilising a ‘Uses &Gratifications Theory’ and ‘(Media) Dependency Theory’ approach and the quantitativeempirical data collection method of an extensive online ‘self-fill’ questionnaire, a totalof 233 individuals from this cohort voluntarily provided the sought-after information,with data collected during early September 2018. An expanded version of Denis McQuail, Jay G. Blumler and J.R. Brown’s 1972 mediagratifications groups/descriptors is proposed and used for this paper’s analysis of results(see section 6.2.4) while a new single media term,‘online collaborative network’, isrecommended by the author as an alternative to current myriad of ‘social media’,‘social networking [site]’ and ‘collaborative media’ all used for the likes of Facebook(see section 9.2.2). Key project results suggest that the UK Generation X cohort spend an average of 75minutes per day using Facebook; that the most-utilised access method is via a mobilephone (89.7%); that the top two ‘uses’ of the social network are both passive ones(‘Scrolling through the homepage News Feed’ and ‘Spending time viewingPhotos/Videos uploaded by others’) and that the top three gratifications obtained fromFacebook use are ‘Contact with Friends’, ‘Contact with Family’ and (to) ‘Pass Time’. Additionally, results provide an interesting and potentially shocking overview ofexclusive dependency upon Facebook for the satisfaction of particular media needs,including the maintenance of contact with certain friends (87.6%) and certain familymembers (61.4%) and, worryingly, as an only source of news (15%).
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Henriquez-Mendoza, Juan Carlos. "The Belief System and the Pop-esoteric Wave: a Theory on the Operational Belief System." Thesis, Boston College, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3321.
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Thesis advisor: Stephen Pfohl<br>This work inquires about the subjectivity construction individuals perform in our contemporary media culture. It examines the structure of believing that can be inferred from the narrative elaboration of beliefs exerted in social conversations when pop-media related to spirituality or transcendency are used as inputs for conversation. For this purpose, I investigate the consumption of three films that triggered for their audiences intense controversies that included topics belonging to the blurry crossroad where spirituality, science, and religion intersect: What The Bleep do We (k)now!? (USA 2004), The Da Vinci Code (USA 2006), and The Passion of the Christ (USA 2004). My approach departs from the sociology of spirituality perspective, and draws on some insights developed by ritual studies, sociology of religion, social psychoanalysis, consumer studies, and visual studies. Based on a multi-method strategy of inquiry, formal film analysis, focus and discussion groups, and interview data collected from the audience, this dissertation finds that the burgeoning of a media driven popular culture spirituality in Mexico is creating a wave of Pop-Esotericism. As a rational narrative with consumption and conversational drives, Pop-Esotericism is not only a resonant media-reference, but also constitutes a pre-text in the construction of ephemeral and collective conversational spaces wherein the belief system is engaged and refurnished. To give a full account on the pop-esoteric phenomenon and on overall contemporary belief systems, I propose a theoretical model aimed to uncover the dynamics and strategies we engage to articulate spirituality, identity, and reality in our current global media context<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Sociology
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Trevisan, Marcelo. "A ecologia industrial e as teorias de sistemas, institucional e da dependência de recursos a partir dos atores de um parque tecnológico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/78035.
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Simultaneamente, eleva-se o interesse pelo desenvolvimento sustentável e os inerentes desafios a ele vinculados. Por outro lado, como uma possibilidade de alcançá-lo entrou em evidência o conceito de Ecologia Industrial (EI). Sua perspectiva fundamental tem a natureza como modelo visando a integração entre os sistemas ecológico e industriais. Caracteriza-se por três escalas de atuação e a Simbiose Industrial (SI) é a mais difundida, envolvendo o intercâmbio de materiais, produtos, água, energia, resíduos, informações, experiências e conhecimentos entre organizações (POSCH, 2010; GIURCO et al., 2011). Entretanto, Deutz (2009) destaca que a EI possui questões emergentes e que necessitam de mais aprofundamentos com as ciências sociais. Em geral, suas pesquisas partem do campo técnico e encontram dificuldades de serem implementadas e aceitas porque não foram confrontadas com os sistemas sociais e de poder que envolvem as organizações. Existindo espaços para estudos que considerem aspectos como cultura, valores, elementos políticos e de poder nas relações interorganizacionais. Dedicando-se uma atenção mínima a esses aspectos reduz-se o potencial contributivo da EI. O desafio é aprofundar, ampliar e integrar as análises em uma concepção sistêmica e transdisciplinar orientada para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Resultados satisfatórios diante dessas imposições abrangem investimentos em P&D, em produtos ecoinovadores e alterações nas práticas de negócios (LOMBARDI; LAYBOURN, 2012). Assim, esta tese objetivou analisar as percepções dos atores de um parque tecnológico diante das interações da Ecologia Industrial com as convergências entre as teorias de Sistemas, Institucional e da Dependência de Recursos. A construção do referencial teórico pautado nas referidas teorias possibilitou estabelecer conexões com a EI e promover a elaboração das categorias de análise que serviram de base para a construção das proposições. A partir da abordagem qualitativa, de uma perspectiva multidisciplinar e do estudo de caso, definiu-se como objeto de estudo a Associação Parque Tecnológico de Santa Maria, RS, Brasil. Utilizou-se dados primários e secundários compostos por fontes como documentos, acompanhamento de reuniões e observações. Contudo, o principal instrumento de coleta foram entrevistas realizadas com 28 integrantes do parque tecnológico. Para a análise dos dados empregou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados evidenciaram que os atores reconhecem a necessidade de ações integradas entre organizações, todavia ainda não consideram que a preservação ambiental seja um valor socialmente aceito e reconhecido com impactos significativos nos resultados empresariais que garantam a sobrevivência da organização. Em geral, as relações não são pautadas por um contexto institucional que incentiva objetivos compartilhados visando suprir recursos críticos. Decisões oriundas do hábito e a ausência de clareza sobre os pressupostos da EI dificultam a sua operacionalização. Embora seja afirmado que exista disposição para abdicar do controle de recursos para obtenção de melhores resultados coletivos, empiricamente a intenção foi pouco observada. Os atores percebem falta de discernimento quanto às responsabilidades das universidades e dos setores público e privado locais no desenvolvimento das interações.<br>At the same time the interest in sustainable development grows, so does the interest in the challenges it brings. As a possible tool to solve these challenges came the idea of Industrial Ecology (IE), which has as its main perspective nature as a model in the integration of the ecological and industrial systems. It is characterized by scales of action and the most well know of them is Industrial Symbioses (IS), which involves the exchange of materials, products, water, energy, residue, information, experiences and knowledge among organizations (POSCH, 2010; GIURCO et al., 2011). Deutz (2009), however, notes that IE brings about new questions in need of a bigger connection with social sciences. Usually researches start in a more technical field and face difficulties to be implemented and accepted because they weren‟t confronted beforehand with the social and power systems that organizations revolve around. Opening spaces for studies that take into consideration aspects such as culture, values, organizational politics and power structures and pays attention to these details can reduce the impacts of IE. The challenge is to examine carefully, broaden and integrate this analysis in a transdisciplinary and systemic view directed towards sustainable development. Satisfactory results in face of these impositions involve investments in R&D (research and development), in eco-innovative products and changes in business practices. (LOMBARDI; LAYBOURN, 2012). Thus, this thesis aimed to analyze the perception of subjects of a technological park on the interactions of Industrial Ecology with the coming together of the Systems, Institutional and Resource Dependency theories. The theoretical reference based on the aforementioned theories made it possible to establish connections with IE and create the categories of analysis that served as a basis to the prepositions. Based on the qualitative approach, on a multidisciplinary perspective and a case study, the Associação Parque Tecnológico of Santa Maria, RS, Brazil was chosen as study subject. Primary and secondary data from documents, meeting notes and observations were used. However, the main data were interviews of 28 members of the technological park. To analyze the data the method of content analysis was used. The results showed that the subjects recognize the need for integrated actions among organizations, yet do not consider that environmental conservation is a socially accepted and well know concept with high impact on business results that can guarantee a company‟s survival. Generally, relationships are not guided by an institutional context that motivates shared goals aiming to supply critical resources. Decisions made out of habit and in the absence of clarity surrounding the purpose of IE can hinder its performance. Although it is said that there is disposition to abdicate resource control to achieve better and shared results, in practice this was rarely observed. The subjects found that universities and the private and public sector lack insight regarding their responsibilities for developing interactions.
Books on the topic "Media system dependency theory"
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Armin, Scholl, ed. Systemtheorie und Konstruktivismus in der Kommunikationswissenschaft. UVK, 2002.
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Pastor, Juan Carlos Barrón. Sociocibernética crítica: Un método geopolítico para el estudio estratégico del sistema de medios de comunicación no presencial en América del Norte. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones sobre América del Norte, 2018.
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Søren, Forchhammer, ed. Two-dimensional information theory and coding: With application to graphics and high-density storage media. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Justesen, Jørn. Two-dimensional information theory and coding: With application to graphics and high-density storage media. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Justesen, Jørn. Two-dimensional information theory and coding: With application to graphics and high-density storage media. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Justesen, Jørn. Two-dimensional information theory and coding: With application to graphics and high-density storage media. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
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Janecek, Sandra. Filming science: Wie funktioniert Wissenschaft im Fernsehen? VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2008.
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Christian, Hrsg :. Huck, ed. Das Popul are der Gesellschaft: Systemtheorie und Popul arkultur. VS Verlag f. Sozialwissenschaften/GWV Fachverlage, 2007.
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Owen, Charles B. Computed synchronization for multimedia applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Media system dependency theory"
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Qiu, Jing, Le Jian-Liao, and Jun Kang-Hao. "Chinese Question Retrieval System Using Dependency Information." In Active Media Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15470-6_30.
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Blokus, Agnieszka, and Krzysztof Kołowrocki. "Influence of Component Dependency on System Reliability." In Theory and Applications of Dependable Computer Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48256-5_11.
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DeFleur, Melvin L., and Margaret H. DeFleur. "A Theory of Audience and Media Dependency on Popular Culture." In Mass Communication Theories, 2nd ed. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003083467-25.
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Richardson, Niall, and Sadie Wearing. "Beyond the Two-Gender System: Queer Theory." In Gender in the Media. Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-40060-4_4.
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Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders. "Flow in Disordered Media." In Percolation Theory Using Python. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59900-2_9.
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AbstractIn this chapter, we introduce the basic concepts of disordered media. We introduce properties of flow of current or fluids, and then address flow in a percolating system close to $$p:c$$ p c . We will study the behavior numerically, develop a scaling theory, and find properties using the renormalization group approach. Our initial studies will be on the binary porous medium of the percolation system. However, we can also extend our results to more general random media, and we demonstrate how this can be done towards the end of the chapter.
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Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders. "Elastic Properties of Disordered Media." In Percolation Theory Using Python. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59900-2_10.
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AbstractThere are various physical properties that we may be interested in for a disordered material. In the previous chapter, we studied flow problems in disordered materials using the percolation system as a model disordered material. In this chapter we will address mechanical properties of the disordered material.
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Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders. "Dynamic Processes in Disordered Media." In Percolation Theory Using Python. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59900-2_12.
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AbstractIn this chapter we start to address dynamical processes that generate percolation-like disordered structures. We will address the scaling behavior of diffusion fronts for diffusion in disordered media, and develop a theory for the front width. We will address the slow displacement of fluids in porous media with the invasion-percolation model. For this model, we will map the model onto a percolation system and demonstrate how the model changes with the introduction of an additional aspects, gravity.
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Lo, Chih-Yao, and Yu-Teng Chang. "A Novel Application of Organic Plant Farming Analysis System – Using Game Theory and Multi-Agent Technique." In Active Media Technology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04875-3_34.
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Wang, Ziye, Qingying Zhang, and Mengya Zhang. "Lifelong Education of Sports Media Professionals Based on System Theory." In Advances in Artificial Systems for Medicine and Education II. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12082-5_34.
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Dai, Qionghai, and Yue Gao. "Hypergraph Computation for Social Media Analysis." In Artificial Intelligence: Foundations, Theory, and Algorithms. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0185-2_9.
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AbstractSocial media, such as Twitter and Weibo, have grown rapidly over the past decade. Large numbers of active social media users produce a voluminous amount of data each day, from which important insights can be drawn. Several applications, such as recommender system and sentiment analysis, have been developed to help study the users’ intension and portrait. One common challenge faced by these social media applications is how to leverage the complex and multi-modal data on social networks and model the higher-order associations hidden in the data. Hypergraph computation has the huge potential to be used in such analysis. In this chapter, we introduce three typical applications of hypergraph computation, i.e., recommender system, sentiment analysis, and emotion recognition, from which hypergraph computation has shown great value on social media analysis.
Conference papers on the topic "Media system dependency theory"
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Kushner, Alexei, Svetlana Mukhina, and Vladislav Gavrilov. "Contact Structures in Continuous Media Theory." In 2024 17th International Conference on Management of Large-Scale System Development (MLSD). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mlsd61779.2024.10739520.
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Paul, Larry, and Volker Wahl. "Extending the Life of FGD Inlet Ducts with UNS N06059." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02210.
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Abstract Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) systems are used to remove sulfur and other pollutants from the flue gas of coal fired power plants. These systems have been prone to variety of corrosion issues over the years. As a result the use of corrosion resistant materials is required throughout the entire system. One of the most demanding areas of the system is the inlet duct that feeds the raw un-scrubbed gases into the FGD system. This area is where hot flue gases first encounter the liquid scrubbing media (typically either a limestone or ammonia water slurry). Therefore this is the hottest wetted area of the FGD system and has always been an area where high corrosion rates have been seen on materials. Sulfuric and sulfurous acids form in this region that also can contain high levels of chlorides, fluorides, and other corrosive species (dependent on coal chemistry being burned in the boiler), this coupled with the high temperatures is responsible for the observed corrosive conditions. Traditionally, UNS N10276 has been used to line the ducting in this region to resist corrosion. While this has worked very well in most systems, there are still some systems where the conditions are corrosive enough to limit the life of even this very corrosion resistant material. Laboratory and field testing has show that the UNS N06059 alloy can give improved life in this region of the FGD system. In actual field tests, the life improvement factors of UNS N06059 are about 3 times that seen for UNS N10276. Laboratory and field data are shown in this paper that demonstrates the improvements when using the UNS N06059.
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Kramer, Patrick, Fritz Friedersdorf, Kristen S. Williams, David A. Jackson, Karen A. Schultz, and Thai Sweitzer. "Effect of Mechanical Stress and Environmental Conditions on Degradation of Aerospace Coatings That Guard against Atmospheric Corrosion." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11177.
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Abstract The most effective means to control atmospheric corrosion of aircraft is through the use of protective coatings. In addition to combating corrosion, which represents a risk to the safe operation of an asset, there are strong economic and environmental drivers to extend the service life of aerospace coatings. Repair and replacement of exterior coating systems that no longer meet protective requirements generate a significant volume of environmentally hazardous waste, which includes the coating material, media used for coating removal, as well as the waste materials generated in surface preparation and reapplication of the coating system. Development and use of the most durable coatings systems has often been limited by the ability to predict service performance in accelerated tests. Existing accelerated test techniques do not adequately employ the chemical, thermal, or mechanical stressors that produce relevant damage mechanisms, such as cracking at structural discontinuities in coated airframes. Additionally, single coating layers may be qualified individually rather than as part of a representative multilayer stack-up. As a result, current test methods cannot be used for accurate quantification of coating performance and service life. In this work, test methodologies previously described that employ combined environmental and mechanical loading modes are utilized to excite relevant failure modes of a multilayer system, such as coating cracking at sealant-filled lap joints. The mechanisms and kinetics of damage progression are quantified throughout static and dynamic atmospheric tests using in situ measurements of coating system properties. It is observed that the coating barrier properties and resistance to cracking at a lap joint are dependent upon both the individual effects of stress, temperature, and humidity as well as the combined interaction effects of these stressors.
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Clark, Brandi, Kristen S. Williams, Thai Sweitzer, et al. "Degradation of Aerospace Coatings Due to Combined Effects of Mechanical Loading and Environmental Exposure." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13127.
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Abstract The most effective means to control atmospheric corrosion of aircraft is through the use of protective coatings. In addition to combating corrosion, which represents a risk to the safe operation of an asset, there are strong economic and environmental drivers to extend the service life of aerospace coatings. Repair and replacement of protective coatings that no longer meet performance requirements generate a significant volume of environmentally hazardous waste, which includes the coating material, media used for coating removal, as well as the waste materials generated in surface preparation and reapplication of the coating system. Development and selection of durable coating systems have often been limited by the ability to produce service-relevant failures in accelerated laboratory tests. Existing accelerated test techniques do not adequately employ the chemical, thermal, or mechanical stressors that produce damage mechanisms such as coating cracking at structural discontinuities in airframes. Additionally, individual coatings may be qualified separately rather than as part of a multi-layer system. As a result, current test methods cannot be used for accurate quantification of coating performance and service life. In this work, test methodologies previously described that employ combined environmental and mechanical loading are used to excite relevant failure modes of multi-layer systems such as coating cracking at sealant-filled lap joints. The kinetics of moisture ingress, coating cracking, and damage progression are quantified throughout static and dynamic mechanical tests performed under cyclic atmospheric conditions using in situ measurements of coating properties. It is observed that the coating barrier properties and cracking are dependent on stress, temperature, and humidity as well as the interaction effects of these parameters.
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Wright, Jacob, Brandi Clark, Liam Agnew, Justine Schulte, and Fritz Friedersdorf. "Continuous Measurement of Aerospace Coating Degradation Due to Environmental and Mechanical Stressors." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14881.
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Abstract Organic coatings used in aerospace applications are the primary means of protecting structures from atmospheric corrosion in harsh environments. Corrosion often occurs in occluded areas buried within a structure, such as crevices at faying surfaces and fasteners, and may be difficult to measure directly. In addition to combating corrosion, which represents a risk to the safe operation of an asset, there are strong economic and environmental drivers to extend the service life of aerospace coatings. Repair and replacement of protective coatings that no longer meet performance requirements generate a significant volume of environmentally hazardous waste, that includes the coating material, media used for coating removal, as well as the waste materials generated in surface preparation and reapplication of the coating system. Development and selection of durable coating systems have often been limited by the ability to produce service-relevant failures in accelerated laboratory tests. Conventional coating testing relies on post-test analysis of corrosion damage and does not provide continuous measures of coating performance or alloy degradation. This makes quantifying interaction effects between environmental stressors (chemical, temperature, and relative humidity) and mechanical stressors (static and dynamic loads) to better understand the time-dependent degradation of the coatings and corrosion of the substrate difficult. To improve coating evaluations, a complete measurement system using electrochemical sensors and automated data acquisition has been developed to monitor coating performance and corrosion continuously during atmospheric tests. In this work, test methodologies that employ combined environmental and mechanical loading are used to excite cracking and corrosion failure modes of multilayer coating systems at sealant-filled lap joints and fasteners. Direct continuous measurements via electrode arrays are used to monitor the evolution of damage during tests. The kinetics of moisture ingress, coating cracking, and damage progression can be quantified during these mechanical tests performed under cyclic atmospheric conditions using in situ measurements of coating properties. A description of the sensors, electrochemical measurements, and methods for coating testing are reported along with the results of atmospheric tests using a range of conditions to produce coating degradation.
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Hutchings, D. C., J. M. Arnold, and D. F. Parker. "Theory of mixed-polarisation spatial solitons in anisotropic cubic media." In Nonlinear Guided Waves and Their Applications. Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nlgw.1998.nwe.18.
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AlGaAs is an attractive material system for the study of the dynamics of Kerr spatial solitons, having a nonlinear coefficient around 1000 times that of silica around the communication wavelength of 1.55 µm. However there are a number of differences between AlGaAs and silica when the polarisation dependence of nonlinear refraction is considered. Cubic semiconductors can display an anisotropic third-order nonlinearity1 (although in terms of linear optics they are non-birefringent) and are also usually exploited in the vicinity of an optical resonance (e.g. just below the half-bandgap) so Kleinmann symmetry cannot be assumed. On considering the propagation of two orthogonal polarisation components in such a medium, one obtains not only self-phase-modulation, cross-phase-modulation and four-wave-mixing but now with a orientation dependence, but an additional three terms which only contribute in anisotropic media.2
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Jelonek, Mark P., and Won B. Roh. "Single- and two-mode theory for coupled lasers with Doppler-broadened gain media." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.wl23.
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Existing coupled laser theories have been extended to analyze the case of two coupled lasers supporting two modes in each cavity. Sets of four single-mode and eight two-mode equations describing the amplitudes and phases of the modes oscillating in each cavity have been solved numerically to evaluate the operating characteristics of the coupled laser system. Locking ranges were computed for both single- and two-mode coupled laser systems. A number of oddities in behavior have been found including a mutually reinforced hole-burning minimum in intensity (whose existence was verified using a single, two-mode He-Ne laser) and a phase dependent shift of the laser frequency from the bare cavity frequency.
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Dowling, Jonathan P., and Charles M. Bowden. "Near dipole-dipole effects in dense media of two-level atoms." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1992.tuaa4.
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In condensed matter of densities such that there are many atoms within a cubic atomic resonance wavelength, induced near dipole-dipole interactions (NDD) effects can cause dynamic frequency chirp in near resonant electromagnetic field-matter interactions.1 Using semiclassical theory for two-level atomic systems and a Green's function solution to the wave equation, we derive a self-consistent set of renormalized Bloch–Maxwell equations, useful for discussion of nonlinear optical processes in condensed matter systems, and discuss some of their implications. The strength of the induced near dipole-dipole coupling is found to be ε = (4π/3) u2n, and it causes inversion-dependent frequency chirp in the system. Here, u is the matrix element of the transition dipole moment and n is the density of atoms.
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Patterson, Michael S., Stefan Andersson-Engles, Ernest Osei, James P. Brown, and Brian C. Wilson. "Spatial impulse response of in vivo optical spectroscopy." In OSA Annual Meeting. Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1991.mz2.
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During in vivo fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy, light is usually delivered to the tissue surface by an optical fiber and collected either by the same fiber or another at some distance from the source. Because of absorption and scattering, the response of such a system to a local change in the absorption coefficient or the fluorescence quantum yield will depend on the position of this perturbation. Proper interpretation of spectra obtained from inhomogeneous media requires knowledge of this spatial dependence. In this paper we describe a model based on diffusion theory which permits calculation of this dependence in three dimensions. Since the propagation of excitation and emitted light are separately considered, both absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy can be studied. The model can also be applied to time-resolved or frequency-domain absorption spectroscopy by use of the time-dependent diffusion equation. Experimental tests of the model have been performed for cw fluorescence spectroscopy by moving a small fluorescent target in a tissue-simulating medium and recording the signal as a function of position. These results are presented with predictions of the model for various irradiation/collection geometries and a range of tissue optical properties.
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Fleck, Joseph A. "Self-Focusing in Nonguiding and Guiding Media*." In Numerical Simulation and Analysis in Guided-Wave Optics and Opto-Electronics. Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/gwoe.1989.se1.
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The numerical modeling of the self-focusing of intense optical beams has been the subject of keen interest for more than two decades. We shall review our own attempts to model this phenomenon as it occurs in a variety of situations. Among the applications reviewed are time-dependent self-focusing in Kerr-active organic liquids, time-dependent self-focusing in laser-heated plasmas, and time-independent self-focusing in Kerr-active extended media and in glass laser systems. We shall also describe self-focusing effects in nonlinear optical waveguide devices, which tend to be rather subtle. Our modeling of time-dependent phenomena has been based on the representation of the transverse behavior of the beam in terms of cubic splines, whereas our modeling of steady-state self-focusing has been based on a representation of the transverse dependence in terms of finite Fourier series. One of the unsatisfactory features of the paraxial theory is the catastrophic behavior of the beam at a self-focus. Our efforts to remove this singular behavior by introducing nonparaxiality as well as the consequences of the noncatastrophic propagation of self-focusing beams will also be described.
Reports on the topic "Media system dependency theory"
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Romero Ugarte, José Luis, Abel Sánchez Martín, and Carlos Martín Rodríguez. Alternativas a la evolución de la operativa bancaria mayorista en el eurosistema. Banco de España, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/29779.
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In recent years, payment systems have benefited from technological developments that have accelerated their evolution and adaptation to user needs. Payment systems ultimately depend on central bank money, and the debate about the advisability of updating the different ways of representing this asset has intensified recently. The purpose of this paper is to classify the alternatives available in the wholesale payments environment and identify their possible impact on financial markets. To do so, the motivations behind the creation of a unified large-value payment system in the Eurosystem are listed and analysed to see whether these drivers are still present today and to what extent they could be affected should any of the alternative systems identified become pervasive. A lo largo de los últimos años, los sistemas de pago se han visto beneficiados por los desarrollos tecnológicos, que han favorecido su evolución y adaptación a las necesidades de los usuarios. Dichas infraestructuras dependen en última instancia del dinero de banco central, y recientemente se ha intensificado el debate sobre la conveniencia de actualizar las distintas formas de representación de dicho activo. El objeto del presente documento es clasificar las distintas alternativas presentes en el ámbito de los pagos mayoristas e identificar el impacto que podrían tener en los mercados financieros. Para ello, se enumeran las motivaciones que impulsaron la creación de un sistema de grandes pagos unificado en el Eurosistema, y se analiza si dichas motivaciones siguen presentes en la actualidad y en qué medida podrían verse afectadas por una posible generalización de alguna de las alternativas identificadas en los sistemas de pago mayoristas en el Eurosistema.
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Hediger, Vinzenz. Trust and spectatorship. ConTrust - Trust in Conflict. Research Centre "Normative Orders" of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, 2025. https://doi.org/10.21248/gups.80293.
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Research on trust and media in communication measures the trustworthiness of legacy news media (newspapers, radio, television) in nation state settings in longitudinal studies, in which controls for demographics are usually limited to age and political preference. These studies assume that trust in news sources is a useful indicator of the viability of liberal democracy. However, in an increasingly globalized and diversified digital information space in which alternative media challenge the established division of cognitive labor of democracy the underlying assumptions of this research design are increasingly tenuous. This working paper argues that, in order to understand trust in media we need to ask not just how much trust there is, but how trust in media works, how it relates to distrust, and how trust is related to and can emerge from conflict. Building on recent advances in political theory which shift the focus from democratic participation as a matter of having a voice to the empowerment of the people’s gaze, the paper focuses on the question of spectatorship and proposes to read a documentary, Ra’anan Alexandrowicz’ 2019 film “The Viewing Booth”, as an experimental system and “theoretical object” which provides insights for a theory of trust and spectatorship.
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Cherdshewasart, Wichai, Winai Dahlan, and Siriporn Chumruslertluk. The application of DNA demethylation in alteration of phenotypic, seed production, protein lipid content and fatty acid composition in soybean cultivar SJ. 5. Chulalongkorn University, 1999. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.1999.33.
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To evaluate the demethylating effects of 5-azaC on the general phenotypes, protein content, oil content and fatty acid composition at the whole plant system, soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) var. SJ.5 have been submitted to 5-azaC treatment. In in vitro culture, seeds were cultured in MS media containing 5-azaC at the concentration of 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 micromolar for 10 days. The 5-azaC-treated seedlings exhibited normal morphology in comparison with the controls except that their height and root length were significantly shorter than that of the controls, and were dose dependent. The isolated genomic DNAs showed hypomethylation as compared with that of the controls. In the field culture, seeds were treated for 16 h with 5-azaC solution at 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 micromolar. The treatment induced tall plant and high node number, without apparently affecting any other developmental processes. Studies on the effects of 5-azaC on the protein and oil content revealed that the alteration in the average protein and oil content of treated seeds were dose independent. The highest protein and oil content were derived from the dosage of 1500 micromolar and 1200 micromolar, respectively. Furthermore, all fatty acid profiles remained unchanged. Genomic DNAs isolated from the selected phenotypes such as tall, high protein and high oil content showed no significant difference in the m[superscript 5]C content in comparison with DNAs from the control samples. The M[subscript 0] showed tall, short, high protein and high oil content and exhibited the inheritance of such phenotypes in the M[subscript 1] plants.
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Brown, Yolanda, Twonia Goyer, and Maragaret Harvey. Heart Failure 30-Day Readmission Frequency, Rates, and HF Classification. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2020.0002.
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30 Day Hospital Readmission Rates, Frequencies, and Heart Failure Classification for Patients with Heart Failure Background Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the leading cause of mortality, morbidity, and disability worldwide among patients. Both the incidence and the prevalence of heart failure are age dependent and are relatively common in individuals 40 years of age and older. CHF is one of the leading causes of inpatient hospitalization readmission in the United States, with readmission rates remaining above the 20% goal within 30 days. The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services imposes a 3% reimbursement penalty for excessive readmissions including those who are readmitted within 30 days from prior hospitalization for heart failure. Hospitals risk losing millions of dollars due to poor performance. A reduction in CHF readmission rates not only improves healthcare system expenditures, but also patients’ mortality, morbidity, and quality of life. Purpose The purpose of this DNP project is to determine the 30-day hospital readmission rates, frequencies, and heart failure classification for patients with heart failure. Specific aims include comparing computed annual re-admission rates with national average, determine the number of multiple 30-day re-admissions, provide descriptive data for demographic variables, and correlate age and heart failure classification with the number of multiple re-admissions. Methods A retrospective chart review was used to collect hospital admission and study data. The setting occurred in an urban hospital in Memphis, TN. The study was reviewed by the UTHSC Internal Review Board and deemed exempt. The electronic medical records were queried from July 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019 for heart failure ICD-10 codes beginning with the prefix 150 and a report was generated. Data was cleaned such that each patient admitted had only one heart failure ICD-10 code. The total number of heart failure admissions was computed and compared to national average. Using age ranges 40-80, the number of patients re-admitted withing 30 days was computed and descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using Microsoft Excel and R. Results A total of 3524 patients were admitted for heart failure within the six-month time frame. Of those, 297 were re-admitted within 30 days for heart failure exacerbation (8.39%). An annual estimate was computed (16.86%), well below the national average (21%). Of those re-admitted within 30 days, 50 were re-admitted on multiple occasions sequentially, ranging from 2-8 re-admissions. The median age was 60 and 60% male. Due to the skewed distribution (most re-admitted twice), nonparametric statistics were used for correlation. While graphic display of charts suggested a trend for most multiple re-admissions due to diastolic dysfunction and least number due to systolic heart failure, there was no statistically significant correlation between age and number or multiple re-admissions (Spearman rank, p = 0.6208) or number of multiple re-admissions and heart failure classification (Kruskal Wallis, p =0.2553).