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Journal articles on the topic 'Medialization thyroplasty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Matsushima, Koji. "Medialization Thyroplasty." Koutou (THE LARYNX JAPAN) 33, no. 01 (2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5426/larynx.33.6.

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2

Taningco, Maria Margarita F., and Emmanuel L. Ibay. "Medialization Thyroplasty Using the Pocket and Silicone Implant Technique." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 31, no. 2 (2016): 54–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v31i2.243.

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Objective: To describe a new method of medialization thyroplasty using a modified preformed nasal silicone implant. Methods:  Design: Surgical Innovation Setting: Tertiary Private Hospital Participants: Four patients underwent medialization thyroplasty using a pocket and nasal implant technique performed by the senior co-author. The indication for medialization thyroplasty for these patients was hoarseness secondary to unilateral vocal fold paralysis of more than 6 months duration, and documented by flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy. The outcomes were described with comp

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3

Thevasagayam, M. S., K. Willson, C. Jennings, and P. Pracy. "Bilateral medialization thyroplasty: an effective approach to severe, chronic aspiration." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 120, no. 8 (2006): 698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215106001733.

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Aims: To demonstrate the efficacy of bilateral medialization thyroplasty as a treatment for severe, chronic aspiration. To review the literature on surgical options available in the treatment of severe aspiration.Materials and methods: Three cases that underwent bilateral medialization thyroplasty are described. The technique used was the standard medialization thyroplasty described by Isshiki as a unilateral procedure. The assessment and rehabilitation of these patients is discussed.Results: All patients stopped aspirating following surgery. One patient returned to a normal diet and one patie

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4

Schneider, Berit, Doris-Maria Denk, and Wolfgang Bigenzahn. "Acoustic Assessment of the Voice Quality before and after Medialization Thyroplasty Using the Titanium Vocal Fold Medialization Implant (TVFMI)." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 128, no. 6 (2003): 815–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59980300359-0.

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OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to objectify the vocal outcome in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Acoustic parameters were evaluated and compared to perceptual voice sound assessments before and after medialization thyroplasty using the titanium vocal fold medialization implant (TVFMI®). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Twenty-eight patients underwent external medialization thyroplasty using TVFMI®. Prior to and after surgery videostroboscopy, perceptual voice evaluation and acoustic analysis based on the computerized “hoarseness diagram” were performed. RESULTS: In videostroboscopy

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5

Stow, Nicholas W., Jennifer W. Lee, and Ian E. Cole. "Novel Approach of Medialization Thyroplasty with Arytenoid Adduction Performed under General Anesthesia with a Laryngeal Mask." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 146, no. 2 (2011): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811427811.

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Objective. To objectively assess the voice outcomes of patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis treated with medialization thyroplasty and arytenoid adduction suture. Study Design. Case series of patients who underwent medialization thyroplasty and arytenoid adduction suture. Preoperative and postoperative voice testing was performed and the data were compared by statistical analysis. Setting. Tertiary referral teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia. Subjects. All patients had a unilateral vocal fold paralysis, with a large posterior glottic gap and vocal symptoms affecting their quality

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6

Desrosiers, Martin, Christian Ahmarani, and Maurice Bettez. "Precise Vocal Cord Medialization Using an Adjustable Laryngeal Implant: A Preliminary Study." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 109, no. 6 (1993): 1014–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019459989310900607.

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Treatment of symptomatic unilateral vocal cord paralysis is most frequently surgical. Medialization of the vocal cord using Teflon injection has proved effective; however, studies have shown this technique to produce stiffness of the vocal fold with loss of the “mucosal wave” and concomitantly poor vocal function. As well, overcorrection may occur and is not reversible. Isshiki type 1 medialization thyroplasty has been shown to produce a substantial improvement In vocal quality, as well as preserve the mucosal wave. A number of problems encountered during the performance of isshiki type 1 thyr

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7

Flint, Paul W., Laura L. Purcell, and Charles W. Cummings. "Pathophysiology and Indications for Medialization Thyroplasty in Patients with Dysphagia and Aspiration." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 116, no. 3 (1997): 349–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989770272-9.

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Medialization thyroplasty is generally considered a phonosurgical procedure for voice augmentation in patients with glottic insufficiency. This article addresses specifically the issue of dysphagia and aspiration in patients with laryngeal paralysis. A retrospective review of patients undergoing medialization thyroplasty is performed. From 1991 to 1995, 84 patients at The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions underwent medialization thyroplasty for unilateral vocal fold motion impairment. At presentation 48 patients had isolated recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, 26 with combined superior laryngea

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8

Hazarika, Produl, and Dipak Nayak. "Implants in Medialization Thyroplasty." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 143, no. 2_suppl (2010): P215—P216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.423.

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9

Kartha, S., K. Young, and S. Mohan. "Complications of Medialization Laryngoplasty (Thyroplasty Type-I)." International Journal of Phonosurgery & Laryngology 1, no. 1 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10023-1001.

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ABSTRACT Objective Medialization laryngoplasty (formally type 1 thyroplasty) is an accepted treatment for unilateral vocal fold paralysis or paresis. The objective of this paper is to ascertain the complications following medialization laryngoplasty in patients with particular reference to implant extrusion. Study design The records of 85 patients who underwent medialization laryngoplasty were retrospectively reviewed from January 2001 to July 2009. Results There were 3 implant extrusions noted only in female patients with cartilage removal technique. Conclusions Implant extrusion rate followi

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10

Cummings, Charles W., and Paul W. Flint. "New Phonosurgical Procedures: Medialization Thyroplasty." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 112, no. 5 (1995): P133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-5998(05)80345-6.

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11

Schneider, Berit, Meinhard Kneussl, Doris-maria Denk, and Wolfgang Bigenzahn. "Aerodynamic Measurements in Medialization Thyroplasty." Acta Oto-Laryngologica 123, no. 7 (2003): 883–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00016480310015957.

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12

Christenson, Thomas, Neerav Goyal, and Joseph R. Spiegel. "S198 – Muscle Pedicle Thyroplasty for Difficult or Revision Cases." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 139, no. 2_suppl (2008): P142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.372.

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Objectives 1) Describe a modification of the type I thyroplasty procedure of Isshiki, incorporating a pedicled muscle flap which is rotated through the thyroid cartilage window into a pocket lateral to the thyroarytenoid muscle. The muscle flap is used to replace or augment an alloplastic implant. 2) Be able to understand the applications and indications for this procedure. Methods Our series describes 6 patients undergoing primary or revision thyroplasty since January 2006. In primary cases, the muscle pedicle was utilized after initial dissection resulted in an injury to the endolaryngeal mu

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13

Isshiki, Nobuhiko, Hisayoshi Kojima, Tatsuzo Taira, and Kazuhiko Shoji. "Recent Modifications in Thyroplasty Type I." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 98, no. 10 (1989): 777–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348948909801005.

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Among thyroplasties, type I is the most frequently used for medialization of the vocal cord. Follow-up study on patients indicated that reversion of voice can occur after operation. Revision was done in five cases with improvement of voice. On the basis of this experience, modifications were made in the technique of thyroplasty type I. They include 1) cutting the calcified cartilage with minimal intervention in the soft tissue, 2) fixation of the window with a silicone plug to enhance medialization, and 3) overmedialization of the vocal cord and definition of criteria for it that can be used d

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14

Kojima, Hisayoshi, Shigeru Hirano, Kazuhiko Shoji, and Nobuhiko Isshiki. "Anatomic Study for Posterior Medialization Thyroplasty." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 108, no. 4 (1999): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949910800410.

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15

Hong, Ki Hwan, Joong Ho Kim, and Hyun Ki Kim. "Anterior and Posterior Medialization (APM) Thyroplasty." Laryngoscope 111, no. 8 (2001): 1406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200108000-00017.

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16

Lundeberg, Megan R., Paul W. Flint, Laura L. Purcell, J. Scott McMurray, and Charles W. Cummings. "Revision medialization thyroplasty with hydroxylapatite implants." Laryngoscope 121, no. 5 (2011): 999–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.21455.

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17

Shaw, Gary Y., Phillip R. Sechtem, and Benji Rideout. "Posterior Cricoarytenoid Myoplasty with Medialization Thyroplasty in the Management of Refractory Abductor Spasmodic Dysphonia." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 4 (2003): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311200403.

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Of the approximately 100,000 Americans with primary (idiopathic) laryngeal dystonia, 10% to 15% are thought to have the abductor form. Botulinum A toxin injected into the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle and/or cricothyroid muscle has been employed as the “gold standard” for therapeutic management; however, successful results are significantly less frequent than with injections for the adductor form. This report describes a new phonosurgical procedure, posterior cricoarytenoid myoplasty with medialization thyroplasty, designed for these refractory patients. Posterior cricoarytenoid myoplasty wi

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18

Granell, Manuel, Ana Martín, Natsuki Oishi, Mar Gimeno Coret, and Enrique Zapater. "Anesthetic Technique and Functional Outcomes in Modified Montgomery Thyroplasty." Journal of Personalized Medicine 13, no. 2 (2023): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm13020194.

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Background: Montgomery thyroplasty type I is a surgical technique indicated in vocal cord paralysis which consists of the paralyzed cord medialization, improving the voice quality. The objective of the study is to describe in detail the anesthetic method to obtain optimal post-medialization voice results. Methodology: Retrospective case series study including patients who underwent medialization thyroplasty using the modified Montgomery technique at the General University Hospital of Valencia between 2011 and 2021. The anesthetic technique consisted of general anesthesia with neuromuscular rel

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19

Regalado-Go, Joyce Anne, Terrence Jason Flores, and Al Santiago. "Single Stage Transoral Cordectomy and Medialization Thyroplasty in Early Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 36, no. 2 (2021): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v36i2.1807.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To present the case of a 78-year-old man with Glottic SCCa stage I who underwent single stage transoral cordectomy type IV with medialization thyroplasty under general anesthesia. Methods: Design: Case Report Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital Patient: One Results: Postoperatively, patient was able to phonate and gave a VHI score of 12 and GRBAS score of 4. He was able to resume oral feeding without any signs of aspiration. Postoperative flexible laryngoscopy showed fully mobile vocal cords with good approximation in the midli

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20

Herman, Cherry. "Medialization Thyroplasty for Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis." AORN Journal 75, no. 3 (2002): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0001-2092(06)61173-3.

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21

SATALOFF, R., P. WOO, C. ROSEN, J. NETTERVILLE, and R. CRUMLEY. "Miniseminar: Vocal Fold Medialization: Injection Versus Thyroplasty?" Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 133, no. 2 (2005): P74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2005.05.150.

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22

Elnashar, Ismail, Hazem Amer, Amal Quriba, and Mohammad El-Anwar. "Voice Outcome after Gore-Tex Medialization Thyroplasty." International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 19, no. 03 (2015): 248–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1397339.

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23

Farbos de Luzan, Charles, Jacob Michaud-Dorko, Rebecca J. Howell, Ephraim Gutmark, and Liran Oren. "Dynamically Quantifying Vocal Fold Thickness: Effects of Medialization Implant Location on Glottal Shape and Phonation." Bioengineering 12, no. 6 (2025): 667. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12060667.

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Unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) can lead to significant dysphonia. Medialization thyroplasty type 1 (TT1) is a common surgical intervention aiming at improving vocal quality by optimally positioning the paralyzed fold to generate the necessary vibrations for phonation. Implants are generally placed through the thyroid cartilage in a sedated patient and positioned either underneath the level of the vocal folds (infraglottal medialization or IM) or at the level of the vocal folds (glottal medialization or GM). Using high-speed three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) in an ex

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24

Gopinath, M., and Mukundan Subramanian. "Gore-Tex Medialization Thyroplasty in Patients with Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis: An Audit of 47 Cases." International Journal of Phonosurgery & Laryngology 1, no. 1 (2011): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10023-1003.

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ABSTRACT Though the surgical technique of medialization thyroplasty has been standardized, still the ideal implant has not been defined in the management of unilateral vocal cord paralysis. The authors present their experience of Gore-tex as the implant material.

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25

Chhetri, Dinesh, and Zhaoyan Zhang. "Influence of medialization depth, implant shape, and implant stiffness in medialization thyroplasty." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 131, no. 4 (2012): 3347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4708537.

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26

Papa, Enrique C., Emmanuel S. Samson, and Francisco A. Victoria. "Glottal Function Index and GRBAS Scale of Patients Undergoing Vocal Cord Medialization: A Series of Five Patients." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 28, no. 2 (2013): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v28i2.475.

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Objectives: Vocal cord paralysis or immobility is a debilitating condition that may result from neural injury or mechanical fixation of the vocal cord (VC). When permanent, therapy is aimed at improving closure by modifying the position of the vocal cord. Whatever surgical intervention is chosen, pre - and post - operative voice evaluation is important. This study aimed to investigate the usefulness of the Glottal Function Index (GFI) and Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, Strain (GRBAS) Scale in the evaluation of treatment outcomes in patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis (UVCP)

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27

Tukaram, Kandakure Vinod, and Rucha M. Joshi. "Medialization Thyroplasty Using Nasal Septal Cartilage: Our Experience." International Journal of Phonosurgery & Laryngology 9, no. 1 (2019): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10023-1171.

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28

Ural, Ahmet, Evren Erkul, and Hakan Cincik. "Extrusion of Gore-tex implant after medialization thyroplasty." Journal of Laryngology and Voice 1, no. 2 (2011): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-9748.85068.

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29

Flint, Paul W., and Laura L. Purcell. "Pathophysiology of aspiration and indications for medialization thyroplasty." Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery 2 (February 1994): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00020840-199402000-00015.

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30

Carrau, Ricardo L., and Eugene N. Myers. "Localization of true vocal cord for medialization thyroplasty." Laryngoscope 105, no. 5 (1995): 534–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1288/00005537-199505000-00017.

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31

McCulloch, Timothy M., Henry T. Hoffman, Brian T. Andrews, and Michael P. Karnell. "Arytenoid Adduction Combined With Gore-Tex Medialization Thyroplasty." Laryngoscope 110, no. 8 (2000): 1306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200008000-00015.

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32

Selber, Jesse, Robert Sataloff, Joseph Spiegel, and Yolanda Heman-Ackah. "Gore-Tex Medialization Thyroplasty: Objective and Subjective Evaluation." Journal of Voice 17, no. 1 (2003): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0892-1997(03)00025-0.

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33

Allensworth, Jordan J., Karla O'Dell, Aaron Ziegler, Linda Bryans, Paul Flint, and Joshua Schindler. "Treatment Outcomes of Bilateral Medialization Thyroplasty for Presbylaryngis." Journal of Voice 33, no. 1 (2019): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.10.014.

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34

Uloza, Virgilijus, Ruta Pribuisiene, and Viktoras Saferis. "Multidimensional assessment of functional outcomes of medialization thyroplasty." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 262, no. 8 (2004): 616–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-004-0755-7.

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35

Mastronikolis, Nicholas S., Marc Remacle, Debora Kiagiadaki, George Lawson, Vincent Bachy, and Sebastien Van Der Vorst. "Medialization thyroplasty for voice restoration after transoral cordectomy." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 270, no. 7 (2013): 2071–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-013-2462-8.

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36

Abraham, Manoj T., Manjit S. Bains, Robert J. Korst, Robert J. Downey, and Dennis H. Kraus. "Type I Thyroplasty for Acute Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis following Intrathoracic Surgery." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 111, no. 8 (2002): 667–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940211100802.

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Patients who undergo intrathoracic operative procedures for malignancy may require sacrifice of a recurrent laryngeal nerve. Postoperative vocal fold paralysis may lead to diminished cough with secretion retention, aspiration, and life-endangering pneumonia. This study retrospectively reviews our institution's experience of 23 patients who underwent type I thyroplasty within the 2-week (acute) period after thoracic surgery. Primary lung cancer (n = 16) was the most common disease. Upper lobectomy (n = 9) and pneumonectomy (n = 7) were the most frequent surgical procedures. Silicone medializati

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37

Dumberger, Lukas D., Lewis Overton, Robert A. Buckmire, and Rupali N. Shah. "Trial Vocal Fold Injection Predicts Thyroplasty Outcomes in Nonparalytic Glottic Incompetence." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 126, no. 4 (2017): 279–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003489416688479.

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Objectives: Trial vocal fold injection (TVFI) may be used prior to permanent medialization when voice outcome is uncertain. We aimed to determine whether voice outcomes of TVFI are predictive of, or correlate with outcomes after type I Gore-Tex medialization thyroplasty (GMT) in patients with nonparalytic glottic incompetence (GI). Methods: Thirty-five patients with nonparalytic GI who underwent TVFI followed by GMT were retrospectively reviewed. Change in voice-related quality of life (VRQOL) after TVFI was compared to change in VRQOL 3 to 9 months after GMT. Similar comparisons were made for

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38

Omori, Koichi, David H. Slavit, Ashutosh Kacker, and Stanley M. Blaugrund. "Quantitative Videostroboscopic Measurement of Glottal Gap and Vocal Function: An Analysis of Thyroplasty Type I." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 105, no. 4 (1996): 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949610500407.

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The goal of surgical medialization of the vocal fold is to attain complete glottic closure. The purpose of this study is to quantify the glottal gap and to examine the relationship between glottal gap and vocal function perioperatively in thyroplasty type I. Glottal gap area was measured in 20 patients at the point of maximum closure of vocal fold vibration in digitized laryngeal stroboscopic images and was normalized by the square of vocal fold length. Glottal gap area thus measured was correlated with results obtained from well-accepted acoustic, aerodynamic, and perceptual measures of vocal

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39

Ali, Ihsan, Omar Mohammad Shafi, Faheem Khalid, and Owais Makhdoomi. "Voice outcome after type-1 thyroplasty for unilateral vocal cord paralysis: our experience at tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 6, no. 8 (2020): 1449. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20203193.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vocal cord paralysis is a clinical sign caused by paralysis of intrinsic muscles of larynx due to dysfunction of recurrent laryngeal nerve or injury to the vagus nerve. One of the common and effective methods of medialization is by using silicone implants. This study was aimed at prospectively assessing and analysing the vocal outcomes and quality of life of patients in type 1 medialization thyroplasty using silicone implants.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective study of 18 month

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40

Laccourreye, Ollivier, and Stéphane Hans. "Endolaryngeal Extrusion of Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene Implant after Medialization Thyroplasty." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 112, no. 11 (2003): 962–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348940311201108.

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41

Halum, Stacey, Nalin Patel, Raymond G. Hoffman, C. Blake Simpson, and Albert L. Merati. "Medialization Thyroplasty Window Creation Using an Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator." Laryngoscope 115, no. 1 (2005): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mlg.0000150687.93011.00.

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42

Chrobok, Viktor, Arnošt Pellant, František Šram, et al. "Medialization Thyroplasty with a Customized Silicone Implant: Clinical Experience." Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica 60, no. 2 (2008): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000114651.

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43

Andrews, Brian T., Douglas J. Van Daele, Timothy M. McCulloch, and Michael P. Karnell. "08:10 AM: Revision Thyroplasty: Open vs. Injection Medialization." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 135, no. 2_suppl (2006): P195—P196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2006.06.981.

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44

Lam, Paul K. Y., W. K. Ho, Manwa L. Ng, and William I. Wei. "Medialization thyroplasty for cancer-related unilateral vocal fold paralysis." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 136, no. 3 (2007): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.otohns.2006.11.009.

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45

Desuter, Gauthier, Olivier Cartiaux, Jonathan Pierard, et al. "Accuracy of Thyroid Cartilage Fenestration During Montgomery Medialization Thyroplasty." Journal of Voice 34, no. 4 (2020): 609–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.005.

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46

van Ardenne, Nora, Jan Vanderwegen, Gwen Van Nuffelen, Marc De Bodt, and Paul Van de Heyning. "Medialization thyroplasty: vocal outcome of silicone and titanium implant." European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 268, no. 1 (2010): 101–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00405-010-1327-7.

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47

Hamouda, Mahmoud, Kamal Ebeid, Mohamed Elsayed Darwish, and Emad Mohammed Shehata. "Medialization thyroplasty in patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis." International Journal of Otolaryngology Research 6, no. 1 (2024): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33545/26646455.2024.v6.i1a.38.

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48

Slavit, David H., and Nicolas E. Maragos. "Physiologic Assessment of Arytenoid Adduction." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 101, no. 4 (1992): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949210100406.

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Arytenoid adduction as described by Isshiki is a surgical technique used to improve vocal quality by adducting the arytenoid cartilage of a paralyzed vocal fold, medializing the fold, and closing the posterior glottic aperture. Surgical results of this operation were evaluated by preoperative and postoperative voice recordings, laryngoscopy, and stroboscopy. Objective measurements of vocal jitter, shimmer, and signal to noise ratio were done to assess changes in the vibratory patterns, and analysis of data from 12 patients revealed improved glottic function postoperatively. Often an anterior m

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49

Schneider, Berit, Doris-Maria Denk, and Wolfgang Bigenzahn. "Functional Results After External Vocal Fold Medialization Thyroplasty With the Titanium Vocal Fold Medialization Implant." Laryngoscope 113, no. 4 (2003): 628–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-200304000-00008.

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50

Cummings, Charles W., Laura L. Purcell, and Paul W. Flint. "Hydroxylapatite Laryngeal Implants for Medialization." Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 102, no. 11 (1993): 843–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000348949310201104.

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Abstract:

Laryngeal implantation for medialization has improved our ability to manage the patient with vocal fold motion impairment. We present preliminary data evaluating the use of preformed hydroxylapatite laryngeal implants and instrumentation for rapid determination of implant size and position. A window in the thyroid ala is created by means of a standard fenestra template. One of 5 prosthesis templates is inserted through the window for determination of correct size and position. The corresponding implant is then inserted and secured with a hydroxylapatite shim. Thirty-five patients have been imp

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