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Journal articles on the topic 'Medical care in fiction'
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1
Simon, Harvey B. "Literary Fiction and Medical Care: A Perfect Example." American Journal of Medicine 127, no. 8 (August 2014): 798–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.04.006.
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Arnold-Forster, Agnes. "Racing Pulses: Gender, Professionalism and Health Care in Medical Romance Fiction." History Workshop Journal 91, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 157–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbab011.
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Abstract Following the foundation of the NHS in 1948, a new sub-genre of romantic fiction emerged: ‘Doctor–Nurse’ romances, usually involving romance between a male doctor and a female nurse, were set in NHS hospitals. Drawing on the Mills & Boon archive and the novels themselves, this article explores representations of the health service and notions of gendered healthcare professionalism in postwar Britain. I argue that rather than presenting ‘retrograde’ and ‘limited’ views of women’s lives, medical Mills & Boon novels frequently put forward nuanced versions of womanhood, professional identity, clinical labour, and the effective functioning of the welfare state.
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Keller, KB, and L. Lemberg. "Herbal or complementary medicine: fact or fiction?" American Journal of Critical Care 10, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2001.10.6.438.
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Although herbal medications have been used in medical therapy since the dawn of civilization, they have not undergone careful scientific assessment. Some herbal derivations are exceptional and have become standard therapy in cardiovascular disease; eg, digitalis, reserpine, and aspirin. The high prevalence of herbal use around the world and in the United States today may have a negative impact on patient care when herbal preparations are used in combination with medications ordered by healthcare providers who are not advised of the patient's use of herbs. Healthcare providers need to be familiar with all herbal medications in order to prevent potentially serious reactions between conventional and herbal medications. They should be asking patients about herbal use when first obtaining a medical history. Patients who use alternative therapies do not tell their healthcare providers about such use.
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Marmor, Theodore R., and Gary J. McKissick. "Medicare's Future: Fact, Fiction and Folly." American Journal of Law & Medicine 26, no. 2-3 (2000): 225–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800011072.
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Perhaps no single policy topic better illustrates the tensions within American politics at the beginning of a new millennium than does Medicare, the nation's thirty-five year commitment to ensuring senior citizens' financial protection against the costs of acute medical care. Our politics seems nearly overwhelmed by conflicting promises to balance the budget and pay down the national debt, enact tax cuts and protect broadly popular “entitlements.” Medicare, one of the largest of such entitlement programs, has become a lightning rod for conflicts over how to resolve these competing goals. As a result, the nation finds itself in the midst of a bewildering mix of crisis talk, fact throwing and ideological name calling, with all the confusion and distortion one would expect from such a mix.
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Byrne, Declan, Seán Cournane, Richard Conway, Deirdre O’Riordan, and Bernard Silke. "Socio-Economic Status and MultiOriginal morbidity – Fact or Fiction?" Acute Medicine Journal 18, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0753.
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Background: Areas of low socio-economic status (SES) have a disproportionate number of emergency medical admissions; we quantitate the profile of multi-morbidity related to SES. Methods: We developed a logistic multiple variable regression model, based on over 15 years of hospital data, to examine the effect of socio-demography on hospital outcomes. Results: Admissions from low SES cohort were a decade younger, and had a shorter hospital stay, and lower 30-day episode mortality outcome. The number of morbidities was equivalent between groups, but the more disadvantaged were more likely to have a respiratory diagnosis or diabetes. Conclusion: Low SES emergency admissions present > 10 yr. earlier than the high SES population; their equivalent multimorbidity, despite a lower age, could reflect accelerated disease progression.
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Bernstein, Mark. "The Voices of Neurosurgeons: Doctors' Non-Medical Writing." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 34, no. 2 (May 2007): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s031716710000593x.
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Biomedical publishing is an integral part of medicine—both to those who produce it and those who consume it to improve the care of their patients. Non-medical writing by surgeons usually takes the form of creative non-fiction, generally reflective essays on moving and emotionally charged situations such as working in the trenches in war-time or in natural disasters, or dealing with individual patients. Such writing is both creative and cathartic for neurosurgeons, and can help educate patients thus improving the doctor-patient relationship. The purpose of this article is to encourage fellow neurosurgeons to pursue this enjoyable and valuable endeavour, to utter a call to arms so to speak.
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Bradley, M. "We (Theatre Health Care Professionals) are the Patient's Advocate: Fact or Fiction?" British Journal of Anaesthetic and Recovery Nursing 5, no. 2 (May 2004): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742645600001960.
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AbstractThe word ‘advocacy’ is often used in hospitals. The author's practice has always been to treat the patient as he would like himself or a member of his family to be treated, but is this being an advocate? This article will examine the concept of advocacy and its relevance to the perioperative arena. In the view of the author, protecting a patient's dignity, being aware of tissue viability, ensuring the right patient receives the right treatment, monitoring of vital signs, correct patient positioning etc. are all a part of our duty of care.
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Amladi, Anjani K., and Dwayne R. DePry. "A 90-year-old man with factious disorder: Separating fact from fiction." International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 53, no. 4 (December 21, 2017): 310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091217417749792.
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Objective Factitious disorders are known to exist in the medical community but are not commonly diagnosed in clinical practice. The majority of the literature on factitious disorder comes from case reports or case series. This particular case is unusual because it describes a patient who initially presented with purely physical complaints, but over time, the symptoms transitioned into predominantly psychiatric concerns. This case describes the patient's unique presentation and is followed by a discussion of the management of factitious disorder. Methods The patient was seen during the course of an inpatient psychiatric hospitalization. Electronic chart review was conducted, and information from each prior hospitalization was gathered between the dates of first initial documented presentation available in the electronic record in 1995 to most recent hospitalization in 2017. Results The patient still continues to present to the emergency department. Upon each presentation, staff work to objectively assess his complaints to be sure that there is no true underlying medical emergency. There is also a focus on providing non-judgmental, supportive, and compassionate care. Conclusion This case highlights the importance of corroborating objective findings with the patient's subjective reports gathered during a history and physical, and to recognize that patients with this disorder can present to any specialty. Thus, the collaboration between specialties is critical in the care of these patients to minimize unnecessary, costly, and sometimes dangerous interventions.
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Cutter, Martha J. "When Black Lives Really Do Matter: Subverting Medical Racism through African-Diasporic Healing Rituals in Toni Morrison’s Fiction." MELUS 46, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 208–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/melus/mlac001.
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Abstract Toni Morrison spent much of her career detailing the unpredictability of African American existence within a racist society, with a special focus on patriarchal violence and medical apartheid against women’s bodies. Yet Morrison also limns out alternative modes of healing within a Black metacultural framework that moves between Nigeria, Brazil, and Egypt. As we move forward from the COVID-19 crisis, research has suggested that training more African American doctors, nurses, and physician assistants might curtail medical racism. Morrison’s fiction looks to a more basic level in which love of the bodies of African American people is at the center of healing. This article therefore discusses medical racism and applies Morrison’s lessons to the COVID-19 moment that her writing trenchantly foreshadows. It focuses on three healers who elide the medical establishment to embody a metacultural ethics of healing: Baby Suggs (in Beloved [1987]), Consolata Sosa (in Paradise [1997]), and Ethel Fordham (in Home [2012]). Morrison fuses an African-diasporic framework with embodied new knowledge that allows individuals to gain insight and agency in a white-dominant medical world that still refuses to endorse the idea that Black people’s bodies and psyches really do matter. An examination of these healers’ practices therefore sheds light on the COVID-19 moment by suggesting ways that African American people can stay “woke” and have agency when encountering and navigating traditional health care systems, which even today view the bodies of African Americans as fodder for medical experiments, immune to disease, and not in need of ethical and humane medical care.
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Gindes, Daniel. "Judicial Postponement of Death Recognition: The Tragic Case of Mary O'Connor." American Journal of Law & Medicine 15, no. 2-3 (1989): 301–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800009850.
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A recent New York Court of Appeals decision seriously impedes the ability of incompetent patients to control their medical care. In the case of Mary O'Connor, the court virtually eliminated an incompetent's rights to bodily integrity and privacy. The court relied on formalistic evidentiary arguments to vitiate the patient's refusal of death-prolonging treatment. This Case Comment examines both the doctrine and policy underlying the O'Connor decision, suggesting that the court erred in its holding and reasoning.An alternative framework is presented, arguing that courts should honor competently expressed patient decisions concerning medical treatment. New York's highest court, instead, posited an incompetent patient who becomes competent for a moment to render a decision. This legal fiction is nothing more than a thinly masked technique for imposition of the judges’ values on the patient. This Case Comment argues that in the absence of clear direction from the patient, family and loved ones generally should make care decisions for the patient.
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Dow, Keith. "“Marked” Bodies, Medical Intervention, and Courageous Humility: Spiritual Identity Formation in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Birthmark." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 47, no. 5 (October 1, 2022): 625–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhac022.
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Abstract Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Birthmark offers a sharp lens through which to examine power, purity, and personal identity. Scientist and spiritual idealist, Aylmer, is obsessed with “correcting” the only flaw he perceives in his wife Georgina, the imprint of a small red hand on her pale cheek. For Alymer, this one “imperfection” reaches deep into Georgina’s heart, a sign of sin, decay, and mortality. It is the natural that must be overcome with science. Drawing on Hawthorne’s tragic fiction, this paper questions the influence of stigma, power dynamics, and mind-body dualism in constructing disability identity within the framework of medical and spiritual practices of care. Whether in the role of a spiritual leader, chaplain, or medical professional, people providing care must first address ableism and perceptions of normalcy in relation to their own identity and calling before offering professional advice to disabled people seeking guidance or support. It is only as professional fields adopt a posture marked by courageous humility that healing practices will promote the flourishing of all people, including those with disabilities.
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Manchikanti, Laxmaiah. "Breakthrough Pain in Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: Fact, Fiction, or Abuse." Pain Physician 3;14, no. 2;3 (March 14, 2011): E103—E117. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj.2011/14/e103.
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Treatment of chronic non-cancer pain with opioid therapy has escalated in recent years, resulting in exploding therapeutic use and misuse of prescription opioids and multiple adverse drug events. Breakthrough pain is defined as a transient exacerbation of pain experienced by individuals who have relatively stable and adequately controlled baseline cancer pain. Further, the definition of breakthrough pain, prevalence, characteristics, implications, and treatment modalities have been extensively described for chronic cancer pain. However, the literature for breakthrough pain in chronic non-cancer pain including its terminology, prevalence, relevance, characteristics, and treatments, have been poorly described and continue to be debated. The philosophy of breakthrough pain in chronic non-cancer pain raises multiple issues leading almost all patients to be on high dose long-acting opioids, followed by supplementing with short-acting drugs, instead of treating the patients with only shortacting drugs as required. Consequently, the subject of breakthrough pain in chronic non-cancer pain is looked at with suspicion due to the lack of evidence and inherent bias associated with its evaluation, followed by escalating use and abuse of opioids. Multiple issues related to the concept of breakthrough pain in chronic non-cancer pain evolve around extensive use, overuse, misuse, and abuse of opioids. In the era of eliminating opioids or significantly curtailing their use to only appropriate indications, the concept of breakthrough pain raises multiple questions without any scientific evidence. This review illustrates that there is no significant evidence for any type of breakthrough pain in chronic non-cancer pain based on available literature, methodology utilized, and response to opioids in chronic non-cancer pain. The advocacy for increased usage of opioids in the treatment of chronic pain dates back to the liberalization of laws governing opioid prescription for the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain by state medical boards in the late 1990s, and is exploding with new pain management standards for inpatient and outpatient medical care implemented by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations in 2000, and the advocacy by many physicians and organizations for increased use of opioids. This comprehensive review critically evaluates the available evidence of breakthrough pain in chronic non-cancer pain including its existence, prevalence, and managing symptoms which are described as breakthrough pain or episodic pain. Key words: Breakthrough pain, opioids, chronic non-cancer pain, opioid abuse, opioid misuse, addiction, opioid hyperalgesia, interventional techniques
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Tsimbaeva, E. N. "Behind the stage of a literary text ‘The blessing of good health’." Voprosy literatury, no. 2 (May 5, 2022): 125–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2022-2-125-147.
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The article continues the discussion started in ‘Behind the stage of a literary text. ‘Custom is despot among men’’ (Voprosy Literatury, 2020, issue 6). Health problems caused by poor hygiene, limitations of medical care, and inadequate physical activity of people in the mid-18th — early 20th cc. get almost no mention in fiction of the period, although they definitely had bearing on the life of any literary character of the day. Analysis of the culture of the everyday reveals factors that shaped philosophies of bygone-era authors, who inevitably fell under the influence of contemporary cultural and gender stereotypes embedded in the daily life. Such factors proved highly influential for plots, in particular, through aposiopesis. The article offers a comparison of the attitudes to unappealing hygiene-related subjects in literature and visual arts. Examined in detail is the problem of physical culture and sport: the 20th c. brought about radical cultural and psychological shifts in the attitude to these areas of human activities, especially among women, which often limits appreciation of both fiction of the past and events of its authors’ lives.
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Kline, David G. "Silas Weir Mitchell and “The Strange Case of George Dedlow”." Neurosurgical Focus 41, no. 1 (July 2016): E5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2016.4.focus1573.
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It has been said of Silas Weir Mitchell (1829–1914) that as a young man he was first among the physiologists of his day, in middle age first among physicians, and as an older man, one of the most noted novelists of his country. Mitchell's novels were written in his later life as a means to avoid boredom during lengthy summer vacations that were the norm for that time among the affluent members of Philadelphia society. These novels were criticized by some because of poor plots, which in some instances failed to move along, or for text that offered a stereotyped depiction of genteel society and the effects that war or personal disaster had on the characters' behavior The criticism came despite the fact that all critics agreed that Mitchell's portrayals of psychopathology in his fictional characters was unique and accurate. However, in his 30s, Mitchell had written and by chance had published a fictional short story that not only transcended such criticisms but became immensely popular. “The Strange Case of George Dedlow” portrays a union officer who was not a physician but who had some medical background and who sustained a series of war wounds leading to severe nerve pain, the author's first description of causalgia, multiple amputations, and the psychological as well as physical symptoms of phantom limb syndrome. The protagonist tells of his torments in the first person in a very engaging fashion. Thus, long before he began writing his, at that time, acclaimed novels in the 1880s, Mitchell wrote a piece of fiction that combines accurate and very important medical observations with fiction of great historical interest. The following rendering of this now classic short story includes selected quotes and some interpretation and is perhaps appropriate for this year, 2 years after the centenary year of his death in 1914.
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Marmor, Ted. "Fact, Fiction, and Faction: The Politics of Medical Care Re-form in Canada as It Appears South of the Border." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 14, no. 2 (1995): 426–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800011910.
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RÉSUMÉUne perspective internationale est requise pour mieux situer le débat sur l'avenir du régime d'assurance-maladie universel (RAMU) canadien. Les débats canadiens seront de toute façon influencés par les débats transnationaux, en particulier par la situation américaine telle qu'interprétée par les médias de masse. Les canadiens doivent donc être attentifs aux distorsions que font subir au RAMU canadien les reportages américains. La deuxième partie de ce commentaire affirme que dans une perspective comparative, le Canada a réussi à équilibrer les coûts, la qualité et l'accès aux soins. En troisième lieu, un débat qui inclurait des comparaisons internationales démontrerait que les tensions du RAMU sont gérables, ses résultats remarquables et que les dangers à son intégrité sont surtout idéologiques. Cet essai s'interroge sur l'orientation canado-centrique de ce numéro spécial qui passe sous silence l'expérience des pays de l'OCDE.
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Goldberg, David. "Science at the Crossroads: Fact or Fiction?" Journal of Medical Biochemistry 30, no. 2 (January 1, 2011): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10011-011-0004-8.
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Science at the Crossroads: Fact or Fiction?Modern Academic Science is largely based on the formulation of hypotheses that are then confirmed through observations and experiments. There is little scope forcuriositythat played an important role in early Science. Results carrying negative implications are not easy to publish, and hypotheses have a tendency to take on the mantra of religious beliefs. Academic Science is facing on many fronts pressures that hardly existed in the past. Financial rewards apart from salary can be very high, in the form of fees for consultants, expert legal witnesses, patent development, and even the establishment of private companies. Commercial funding forms a significant percentage of the Total Research Budgets in Science and Medicine, but this often leads to loss of control over research protocols and freedom to communicate the results. Media attention confers fame and prestige that is assiduously sought out by some individual scientists, often supported by University resources, and Press Conferences prior to or synchronous with actual publication. Scientists have long been employed full-time by Government Departments, but research contracts are being increasingly offered by the latter to academic staff on a part-time basis. These pressures and opportunities, together with the priority given to research by most University Tenure and Promotion Committees, are tending to diminish the appetite of scientists for other important responsibilities such as teaching and administration. In a few decades, University scientists have moved from the »Ivory Tower« to the High Street, and many are serving more than one master. The above scenario may bring increased remuneration and the pursuit of research that would be too expensive without these external sources, but adverse consequences have also occurred. They may lead to the complicity of scientists, through no fault of their own, in the introduction of drugs and supplements that: a) fail to deliver the benefits claimed; b) increase the risk of some unrelated illness; c) possess dangerous side effects not known or reported at the time of introduction. Examples include hormone replacement therapy and antioxidant vitamins (A and E) to protect against Coronary Heart Disease; dietary fibre to prevent colon cancer; and arguably calcium supplements to treat osteoporosis. On occasions, academic scientists have served as fronts for the publication by the manufacturers of falsified reports minimizing the risk of serious drug side-effects to ensure Regulatory Approval, as occurred with Vioxx in the treatment of arthritis, and Seroquel for schizophrenia and bipolar depression. Individual fraud or misconduct is more frequent than suspected, because most incidents are without major impact and are suppressed by Universities and Funding Agencies. Major scandals are rare, but may have serious repercussions for the general public and bring science into disrepute. Recent examples include: the Cold Fusion controversy (Low Energy Nuclear Reaction); the link age by Andrew Wakefield of autism with Rubella vaccination; the infamous creation of stem cells by somatic cell nuclear transfer falsely reported by Hwang Woo-Suk. Fraud by commercial companies is subject to the full force of the law, but Science is treated as a self-regulating profession, and as such the punishments handed out are relatively trivial. In essence, Science prior to 1950, except in North America, proceeded along a highway that segregated the traffic into Commercial, Government and Academic streams, and passed through inspiring landscapes and green pastures. It later came to a crossroads from which the alternative road led to the Marketplace, and on which segregation into the above three streams was not enforced. It has now become the main thoroughfare for Science world-wide, but there are reasons to believe that this has increased the incidence of dangerous driving and traffic accidents in the form of conflicts of interest, unethical behaviour, misconduct and even fraud. It may be too late to return to the crossroads and continue along the original highway, but there could be considerable merit in restoring the original segregation between the three streams of Science and in developing, as well as enforcing, a stricter code of behaviour, for which some elements are proposed.
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Popovkina, G. S. "Произведения художественной литературы как источник для изучения народной медицины восточных славян Дальнего Востока России FICTION AS A SOURCE OF INFORMATION ABOUT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AMONG THE EASTERN SLAVS IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST." Вестник антропологии (Herald of Anthropology), no. 2022 №2 (June 7, 2022): 162–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33876/2311-0546/2022-2/162-173.
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В результате массового переселения из центральных регионов на Дальний Восток восточные славяне оказались в непривычном этнокультурном окружении, новой экологической нише. Кроме трудностей хозяйственного освоения новой территории, переселенцы столкнулись с нехваткой медицинской помощи, вследствие чего были особенно востребованы приемы народной медицины, адаптированные к дальневосточным условиям. Несмотря на глубокие исследования отдельных аспектов народно‑медицинской практики переселенцев, до сих пор не проводилось комплексное изучение их лекарских традиций, в этнографической литературе мало подробностей освоения таёжного сырья в лечебных целях. В статье проверяется гипотеза о возможности использования произведений художественной литературы в качестве источника по изучению народной медицины восточных славян‑дальневосточников. Для анализа выбраны произведения писателей‑дальневосточников, чья деятельность тесно связана с путешествиями и изучением родного края. При выборе произведений учитывались особенности личности писателя, вехи его биографии, специфика писательского стиля, например, отношение к описанию подробностей повседневной жизни. Сделан вывод, что литературные произведения дальневосточных писателей могут явиться дополнительным источником для изучения народной медицины славянских переселенцев в их взаимодействии с местным населением, другими переселенцами, выявления особенностей адаптации к новой культурной и экологической среде, а в некоторых случаях выступить причиной для пересмотра и уточнения уже имеющихся сведений. After the mass migration from the central regions to the Far East, the Eastern Slavs found themselves in an unusual ethnocultural and ecological environment. The new settlers faced a lack of medical care, so the methods of traditional medicine adapted to the Far Eastern conditions were in particular demand. The medical traditions of migrants have not been studied comprehensively yet, although there have been profound studies of individual aspects of folk medical practices. The article attempts to use fiction as a source for studying traditional medicine of the Eastern Slavs in the Far East. For the analysis we selected the works of writers from the Far East who traveled and studied their native land. It is concluded that fiction by Far Eastern writers can be an additional source of information about folk medicine of Slavic settlers in their interaction with the local population, other settlers, and adaptation to a new cultural and ecological environment. In some cases, fiction can encourage revision of the already known information.
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Halpern, Ira. "Health Care Fictions: The Business of Medicine and Modern US Literature." American Literature 93, no. 4 (October 22, 2021): 629–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00029831-9520208.
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Abstract The literary and cultural dimensions of the longstanding US political debate over public versus private health care have been critically underexplored. How did early twentieth-century US writers portray the business of medical care within a stratified US economy? In Robert Herrick’s The Healer (1911), Wallace Thurman and A. L. Furman’s The Interne (1932), and Frank G. Slaughter’s That None Should Die (1941), the problems of inequality, profit, and corruption plague the practice of professional medicine. The writers of these novels do not, for the most part, blame the trouble with care on individual nurses, doctors, or other medical staff. Instead of exposing the power of individual medical practitioners to exploit bodies, these novels call attention to the power of capitalism and inequality to distort and derange the mission of medicine. Yet, the political critiques offered by health care fictions are foreclosed by anxieties about collective reform and government intervention in health care. So, this article asks why some of the most sustained literary treatments of capitalist medicine in US literature ultimately retreat from the structural critiques that they themselves raise.
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Cox, Jessica. "The ‘most Sacred of Duties’1: Maternal Ideals and Discourses of Authority in Victorian Breastfeeding Advice." Journal of Victorian Culture 25, no. 2 (January 8, 2020): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jvcult/vcz065.
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Abstract The maternal role and its associated practices were subject to much scrutiny throughout the Victorian period. Whilst motherhood was seen as the natural destiny of the (respectable) woman, mothers were nonetheless deemed in need of strict guidance on how best to raise their offspring. This was offered in an extensive range of advice and conduct books, via newspapers, journals, and fiction, and from medical practitioners, and covered pregnancy, childbirth, and all aspects of care for babies and young children. This article considers Victorian advice on infant feeding, focusing in particular on the various strategies deployed to encourage mothers to breastfeed. Advice literature for mothers frequently invoked patriarchal – religious, medical, and (pseudo-) scientific – authority, in line with broader Victorian discourses on femininity. Much of this advice was produced by, or drew on, the authority of (male) medical practitioners, whilst comparatively little emphasis was placed on maternal experience as a source of expertise. Set within the wider historical context of shifting trends in infant feeding, this article analyses the various persuasive techniques employed by the authors of advice literature, which ultimately served as an attempt to control women’s maternal behaviours and to suppress their own maternal authority.
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McCool, Isaac E., Jeannie M. Muir, and Barbara E. C. Knollmann-Ritschel. "Educational Case: Point-of-Care Testing." Academic Pathology 7 (January 1, 2020): 237428952093558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2374289520935587.
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The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, see http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040 . 1
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Orfali, Kristina. "Parental role in medical decision-making: fact or fiction? A comparative study of ethical dilemmas in French and American neonatal intensive care units." Social Science & Medicine 58, no. 10 (May 2004): 2009–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00406-4.
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Cooper-Moss, Nicola, Helen Hooper, Kartina A. Choong, and Umesh Chauhan. "Medical professionalism: Navigating modern challenges." InnovAiT: Education and inspiration for general practice 15, no. 1 (October 21, 2021): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17557380211052669.
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Medical professionalism is an evolving entity, requiring continual development according to shifting societal priorities. The public trust that underpins the medical profession is imperative for maintaining effective partnerships with patients, their families and the wider community. This article provides an overview of what constitutes medical professionalism, including the current protocols and assessments for general practice training. The aim is to improve understanding of the current issues surrounding professionalism in primary care. Fictional case scenarios are used to illustrate modern professional dilemmas and to promote reflection on the complex interacting factors that influence professional practice and clinical decision-making.
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Lapeña, José Florencio F. "Achievement and Ascription: Fact or Fiction." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 23, no. 1 (June 30, 2008): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v23i1.757.
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“Castles in the clouds, flying by;
men will build them till they die;
don’t they know it’s all a lie,
tumbling castles make them cry;
still they try…1”
Identity is shaped by thoughts, ideas, feelings and emotions; expressed in words, actions and expressions; and recorded for posterity in mentifacts and artifacts. “Paper” (or “plastic”) identity, found on various identification cards, electronic databases, resumés and curriculum vitaes, is not necessarily be the same as the “flesh and blood” or real-life identity known best to those with whom face-to-face interaction takes place over long periods of time in various day-to-day situations.
Status is both achieved and ascribed, and the degree to which one or the other contributes more draws the thin line between the real and apparent. To achieve means “to carry out successfully (accomplish);” “to get or attain as a result of exertion (reach),” or “to attain a desired end or aim (to become successful).”2 To ascribe, on the other hand, comes from the restored spelling of the Middle English ascrive, etymologically derives from the Old French. ascrivre, "to attribute, inscribe," and the Latin ascribere "to write in, to add to in a writing," from ad- "to" + scribere "to write."3 To ascribe is to refer to a supposed cause, source, or author, and “suggests an inferring of cause, quality or authorship” as in the case of “forged paintings formerly ascribed to masters.”4
Achievement rightfully bestows an earned “headship,” implied in its etymology from the Old.French. achever "to finish," from the phrase à chef (venir) "at an end, finished," the Vulgate Latin *accapare, from the Latin ad caput (venire). Literally, both the Old.French and Latin phrases mean "to come to a head," from the Latin caput "head.”5 Ascription is flattery at best; but worse when self-generated and perpetuated. Are vicarious experiences that become “personal accomplishments,” casual visits and observations that become “further training and fellowships,” comments and editing (even supervisory positions) that metamorphose into “research and co-authorships” any different from the fictitious medals of a dictator? Awards beget awards. Those who are thus preceded by reputation may loom “larger than life.” Do such giants stand on feet of clay?
Our circles are a microcosm of the nation and world around us. Public servants who believe the fictions crafted by themselves and their coutillons continue to claim the right to rule (rather than the obligation to serve). Are we dazzled by the dream? What do we aspire for? Et tu? _________________________
The first meeting of the Asia Pacific Association of Medical Journal Editors (APAME) was held in Seoul, the Republic of Korea last May 4-5, 2008 co-hosted by the World Health Organization Western Pacific Regional Office.6 APAME’s vision, it was agreed, would be to promote health care through the dissemination of quality health information in the Asia Pacific Region. The association also established the following aims:
To upgrade publishing standards of health journals and books, paper-based or electronic;
To develop an aggregated indexing system for health articles published in the Asia Pacific Region; and
To enhance optimal access to health articles.
The development of the Western Pacific Region Index Medicus (WPRIM) and the Global Health Library (GHL) are much-needed efforts to ensure the dissemination of and
universal access to reliable health information essential to health development. These efforts will level the playing field for authors, editors, peer reviewers, publishers and subscribers in developing countries, elevating loco-regional research and publishing to the global arena. Following our continued compliance with established standards, we anticipate inclusion of the Philipp J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg in the WPRIM.
Through its President Gil M. Vicente, and the Board of Trustees, our Society blazes new trails to lead us beyond the confines of self-directed concerns toward new horizons of hope for our various publics, present and future. Efforts aimed at health-promotion and disease-prevention, side by side with involvement in ecological and environmental concerns may prove to be as, or even more important, than the equally quixotic pursuit of cutting-edge diagnostic and therapeutic advances. What use are these when they are beyond the reach of most?
“When the time of our particular sunset comes,
our ‘thing,’ our accomplishment, won’t matter a great deal.
But the clarity and concern with which we have loved others
will speak with vitality of the great gift of life
we have been to each other.”7
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Danet, Joël. "Representation of Dangerous Sexuality in Interwar Non-Fiction Sex Hygiene Films: A Franco-German Comparison." Gesnerus 72, no. 1 (November 11, 2015): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07201003.
Full textAbstract:
In the interwar period VD prevention films accompanied the introduction of new “permanent” treatments for syphilis. While they still warned the audience about the dangers of infection, these films were primarily designed to inform about these new methods for curing syphilis. These methods could only be effective if the infected patient immediately consulted a certified doctor (as opposed to a charlatan) upon experiencing the first symptoms. The objectives of the commissioners of health education films tended to go beyond simply conveying a propaganda message. They adhere to and act on the educational potential that the film medium offers to an adult audience. In addressing subjects like sexual health, the films speak to the intimate lives of the audience members, faced with characters whose sexual behaviour is meant to echo their own or that of their friends and relatives. In order to properly raise awareness, the film must escort them, help them overcome their disarray, and persuade them that they are morally able to adopt the necessary measures to avoid contagion. This paper consists in an in-depth comparative study of three anti-vene-real films produced and shown between 1928 and 1931, a short but pivotal period in the development of continental European syphilis prevention films. The three films illustrate two forms of screenplay action. In the French films, the patient is identified with a tragic hero and the medical institution embodied by a providential man. Contrary to these French films, the German film tends to display a more matter-of-fact-approach, which is not meant to downplay the risks but rather to clearly identify and address the community exposed to danger and to present how the infection is taken care of once it is diagnosed. Here I consider these films together to show how different ways of conveying the same medical discourse were adopted to adjust to national cinematographic environments.
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Mueller, Simon M., Valentina N. S. Hongler, Pierre Jungo, Lucian Cajacob, Simon Schwegler, Esther H. Steveling, Zita-Rose Manjaly Thomas, et al. "Fiction, Falsehoods, and Few Facts: Cross-Sectional Study on the Content-Related Quality of Atopic Eczema-Related Videos on YouTube." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 4 (April 24, 2020): e15599. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15599.
Full textAbstract:
Background In recent years, YouTube has become a recognized source of medical information for health care consumers. Although YouTube has advantages in this context, there are potential dangers as videos may contain nonscientific, misleading, or even harmful information. Objective As little is known about YouTube as a source of information on atopic dermatitis (AD), we investigated the content-related quality of AD videos and their perception among YouTube users. Methods The quality of the 100 most viewed AD videos was assessed by using the Global Quality Scale (GQS) and the DISCERN instrument. Videos were classified as “useful,” “misleading,” and “potentially harmful,” and the correlations of viewers’ ratings (likes) with the GQS and DISCERN scores were assessed. Results Among the 100 videos, 68.0% (68/100) and 62.0% (62/100) were of poor and very poor scientific quality, respectively. Additionally, 32.0% (32/100) of the videos were classified as useful, 48.0% (48/100) were classified as misleading, and 34.0% (34/100) were classified as potentially harmful. Viewers’ ratings did not correlate with the GQS and DISCERN scores. Overall, 50.0% (50/100) of the videos were posted by private individuals and promoters of complementary/alternative treatments, 42.0% (42/100) by therapeutical advertisers, and only 8.0% (8/100) by nonprofit organizations/universities. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that two-thirds of the videos analyzed were below acceptable medical quality standards and that many videos were disseminating misleading or even dangerous content. Subjective and anecdotal content was overrepresented, and viewers did not appear to be able to distinguish between high- and low-quality videos. Health promotion strategies by professional medical organizations are needed to improve their presence and visibility on YouTube.
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Séroussi, B., M. C. Jaulent, and C. U. Lehmann. "Health Information Technology Challenges to Support Patient-Centered Care Coordination." Yearbook of Medical Informatics 24, no. 01 (August 2015): 8–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15265/iy-2015-028.
Full textAbstract:
Summary Objectives: To provide an editorial introduction to the 2015 IMIA Yearbook of Medical Informatics. Methods: We provide a brief overview of the 2015 special topic “Patient-Centered Care Coordination”, discuss the addition of two new sections to the Yearbook, Natural Language Processing and Public Health & Epidemiology Informatics, and present our editorial plans for the upcoming celebration of the 25th anniversary of the Yearbook. Results: Care delivery currently occurs through the processing of complex clinical pathways designed for increasingly multi-morbid patients by various practitioners in different settings. To avoid the consequences of the fragmentation of services, care should be organized to coordinate all providers, giving them the opportunity to share the same holistic view of the patient’s condition, and to be informed of the planned clinical pathway that establishes the roles and interventions of each one. The adoption and use of electronic health records (EHRs) is a solution to address health information sharing and care coordination challenges. However, while EHRs are necessary, they are not sufficient to achieve care coordination, creating information availability does not mean the information will be accessed. This edition of the Yearbook acknowledges the fact that health information technology (HIT), and EHRs in particular, are not yet fully addressing the challenges in care coordination. Emerging trends, tools, and applications of HIT to support care coordination are presented through the keynote paper, survey papers, and working group contributions. Conclusions: In 2015, the IMIA Yearbook has been extended to emphasize two fields of biomedical informatics through new sections. Next year, the 25th anniversary of the Yearbook will be celebrated in grand style! A special issue with a touch of reflection, a bit of rediscovery, and some “science-fiction” will be published in addition to the usual edition.
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Kirkman, Anna Obergfell, Jane A. Hartsock, and Alexia M. Torke. "HowThe Fault in Our Starsilluminates four themes of the Adolescent End of Life Narrative." Medical Humanities 45, no. 3 (May 26, 2018): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2017-011400.
Full textAbstract:
Adolescents who face life-limiting illness have unique developmental features and strong personal preferences around end of life (EOL) care. Understanding and documenting those preferences can be enhanced by practising narrative medicine. This paper aims to identify a new form of narrative, the Adolescent End of Life Narrative, and recognise four central themes. The Adolescent EOL Narrative can be observed in young adult fiction,The Fault in Our Stars, which elucidates the notion that terminally ill adolescents have authentic preferences about their life and death. Attaining narrative competence and appreciating the distinct perspective of the dying adolescent allows medical providers and parents to support the adolescent in achieving a good death. By thinking with the Adolescent EOL Narrative, adults can use Voicing my CHOiCES, an EOL planning guide designed for adolescents, to effectively capture the adolescent’s preferences, and the adolescent can make use of this type of narrative to make sense of their lived experience.
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Muellenbach, Joanne Marie. "The Role of Reading Classic Fiction in Book Groups for People with Dementia is Better Understood through Use of a Qualitative Feasibility Study." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 13, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29417.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Rimkeit, B.S. and Claridge, G. (2017). Peer reviewed: literary Alzheimer’s, a qualitative feasibility study of dementia-friendly book groups. New Zealand Library & Information Management Journal, 56(2), 14-22. https://figshare.com/articles/Literary_Alzheimer_s_A_qualitative_feasibility_study_of_dementia-friendly_book_groups/5715052/1
Abstract
Objective – To explore how people living with dementia experience reading classic fiction in book groups and what benefits this intervention provides.
Design – Qualitative feasibility study.
Setting – Day centre within a care home in the North Island of New Zealand.
Subjects – Eight participants with a medical diagnosis of dementia – four community dwellers who attend day centers, and four residents of a secure dementia unit in a care home.
Methods – Investigators used surveys, focus groups, and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), for ideographic analysis of the data.
Main results – Following analysis of the focus book group data, three superordinate, with related subordinate, themes were found: 1) the participant as a lively reader. The participants shared childhood memories of reading and when they became adults, how they encouraged reading within the household and with their own children. Subordinate themes included: recall, liveliness of discussion, and interest in reading and book clubs; 2) the participant as guardian of the voice of Dickens. Participants believed that, when the language is simplified, the beauty and rich imagery of Dickens is lost. Subordinate themes included: oversimplifying “loses the voice of Dickens”, familiarity, and continued play on words; and 3) the participant as a discerning book reviewer. The participants offered a number of ‘dementia-friendly’ suggestions, including the use of memory aids and simplifying text. Subordinate themes were expressed as four recommendations: use cast of characters; illustrations pick up the energy of the story, but balance quantity with risk of being childish; the physical quality of the text and paper; and chunk quantity of text while keeping the style of the original author. The choice of using classic fiction that was already well known was validated by the participants, who had some preconceptions about Ebenezer Scrooge, and described him by using epithets such as mean, an old bastard, and ugly. The participants found the investigators’ adapted version to be oversimplified, as short excerpts of the original Dickens seemed to evoke emotional and aesthetic responses of appreciation. Therefore, when creating adaptations, it is important to preserve the beauty of the original writing as much as possible.
Conclusion – This qualitative feasibility study has provided a better understanding of how people living with dementia experience classic fiction in shared book groups. For individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, language skills may be well-preserved until later in the disease course. For example, the focus group participants demonstrated an appreciation and command of language, as well as enthusiasm and excitement in the sharing of the original Dickens with others. They suggested the use of memory aids, such as including a cast of characters, and repeating the referent newly on each page. Participants also suggested that the adapted version be shortened, to use a large font, and to include plenty of pictures. The choice of using classic fiction was validated by the participants, as they found these tales comforting and familiar, particularly when they included such colorful characters as Ebenezer Scrooge. Finally, people living with dementia should be encouraged to enjoy books for the same reason other adults love to read – primarily for the creative process. Classic fiction may be adapted to enhance readability, but the adaptation must be done in a thoughtful manner. While memory deficits occur in Alzheimer’s disease, an appreciation of complex language may be preserved until the later disease stages.
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Lobnik, Alja. "»There is something beautiful in this« (Milan Marković Matthis): On autobiography, body and pain, sexual pleasure, biopolitics, the eventfulness of script and more." Maska 34, no. 198 (December 1, 2019): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/maska.34.198-199.22_1.
Full textAbstract:
Summary The dramatics of Simona Semenič always emerge through an autobiographical declarative position, they moult through the body. The position of the author, a woman, mother, an artist with an unsettled medical care status, self-employed in culture, an epileptic and smoker is inscribed in them. This holds especially true for the Victim trilogy (I, Victim; The Second Time) which toys with the relation between the bodily and the pathology of the political, between reality and fiction, and between the performative and the dramatic. The text addresses the eventfulness of her textual positions which are most commonly spread through her solo self-performances of the biopolitics of everyday life, as well as through the installation of texts in space which try to give texts a different form of existence. I also consider the juiciness of her texts through which she plays with the Slovene language and gives it some sort of fundamental vibrancy as well as the unreserved zeal that strolls along the taboos of inhibited sexuality and male-female relations, and nonchalantly reveals the production and autonomy of the 'female' sexual pleasure.
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Lukasewicz, Carol L., and Elizabeth Andersson Mattox. "Understanding Clinical Alarm Safety." Critical Care Nurse 35, no. 4 (August 1, 2015): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ccn2015113.
Full textAbstract:
Patient safety organizations and health care accreditation agencies recognize the significance of clinical alarm hazards. The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation, a nonprofit organization focused on development and use of safe and effective medical equipment, identifies alarm management as a major issue for health care organizations. ECRI Institute, a nonprofit organization that researches approaches for improving patient safety and quality of care, identifies alarm hazards as the most significant of the “Top Ten Health Technology Hazards” for 2014. A new Joint Commission National Patient Safety Goal focusing on clinical alarm safety contains new requirements for accredited hospitals to be fully implemented by 2016. Through a fictional unfolding case study, this article reviews selected contributing factors to clinical alarm hazards present in inpatient, high-acuity settings. Understanding these factors improves contributions by nurses to clinical alarm safety practice.
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Cantrell, Tom. "‘In the doc’: Acting Processes in Brian Hill's Docudrama, Consent." Journal of British Cinema and Television 13, no. 3 (July 2016): 351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jbctv.2016.0324.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores Brian Hill's award-winning docudrama, Consent, from the point of view of the actor. Consideration of actors’ processes has remained conspicuously absent in analyses of docudrama or documentary television. To redress this balance, this article is based on new interview material with Anna Madeley, one of the two leading actors in the piece. A complex blend of fact and fiction, Consent follows a fictional rape trial from the rape itself, the reporting of the attack to the police, the victim's visit to a doctor, through to the court case, the jury's deliberations and the judge's verdict. Actors Anna Madeley and Daniel Mays played the victim and perpetrator, but all of the professionals with whom they came into contact – the police, medical professionals, lawyers, judge, court staff and jury members – were played by real people in their professional capacity. To facilitate a consideration of the actor's perspective, Anna Madeley's acting processes are explored in detail, with particular focus on her use of memory and recollection, and on her experience of improvisation and the question of agency that the project prompts. This approach demonstrates the value of placing actors’ experiences at the heart of research into television performance, as well as raising searching questions about the way that we understand and codify performance in docudrama.
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Hess-Lüttich, Ernest W. B. "Arzt und Patient müssen reden (können)." Rhetorik 37, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 24–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rhet.2018.003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The discourse analysis of medical communication as a special case of institutional communication has made enormous progress in the past decades but has largely concentrated on the empirical analysis of corpora of current doctor- patient discourse, while other areas of medical communication as well as their historical dimension came out of focus. Therefore, the following contribution attempts to firstly provide the reader with a conceptual and terminological framework, in order to emphasize the relevance of rhetorical knowledge for a successful understanding between (medical) experts and lay people (patients). Secondly, addressing the less specialized reader, it gives an outline of the traditional rhetorical lines of medical communication from antiquity to the present. Against this background, the pragmatic conditions of this specific type of speech constellation can be described more precisely. On such a conceptual basis and within such a rhetorical and pragmatic framework, founded both historically and systematically, the entirety of discursive phenomena of institutional communication in health care institutions can be examined more closely. At the same time, this provides a more differentiated approach (compared to traditional literary approaches) to the interpretation of forms of ›aesthetic problematization‹ of medical communication in selected examples of fictional literature.
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Rushton, Emily, Emma Jones, and Diane Roberts. "Electroconvulsive therapy: a clinical case study and review." British Journal of Mental Health Nursing 10, no. 4 (November 2, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjmh.2020.0043.
Full textAbstract:
Electroconvulsive therapy is deemed one of the most effective treatments for alleviating symptoms in individuals diagnosed with severe depression, yet it remains one of the most controversial psychiatric treatments in contemporary mental health nursing practice. As such, its use and efficacy continue to be questioned. The following article analyses the case of Albert, a fictional character who represents the presentation of several patients who have received electroconvulsive therapy. The application of electroconvulsive therapy is evaluated, by referring to the most recent policy and national guidelines. Despite the associated stigma, electroconvulsive therapy can save lives, as portrayed by Albert. However, further research is required and updated guidance from National Institute for Health and Care Excellence is needed, specifically with regards to maintenance and relapse prevention. It is important to be aware of the implications of side effects, just as with other interventions. Overall, this article highlights the importance of safe, recovery-focused and person-centred care.
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Evans, Jonathan. "Translation and Response between Maurice Blanchot and Lydia Davis." TranscUlturAl: A Journal of Translation and Cultural Studies 4, no. 1 (April 2, 2013): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21992/t9hs64.
Full textAbstract:
When an author translates a text by another writer, this translation is one form of a response to that text. Other responses may appear in their own writings that are more inflected with their authorial persona. Lydia Davis translated six books by Maurice Blanchot, including fiction and theoretical writings. Blanchot’s concept of the récit privileges non-conventional forms of narrative and it can be considered to have influenced Davis, a view shared in critical writing about Davis. However, responses to his fiction can also be found in Davis’s work. This article reads Lydia Davis’s story “Story” as a response to Maurice Blanchot’s récit, La Folie du jour, translated by Davis as “The Madness of the Day”. Both texts develop a narrative that questions the possibility of arriving at a single story: Blanchot’s narrator cannot tell the story of how he came to have glass ground into his eyes, while Davis’s narrator must try to understand a contradictory story told to her by her lover. However, Davis responds to Blanchot by reversing the perspective in the story: where Blanchot’s narrator must and cannot create a story that explains his situation in a judicial/medical context, Davis’s narrator is struggling to understand her lover’s story which does not explain the situation that they find themselves in. Davis’s narrator is therefore motivated by an emotional need to find an acceptable story that is absent from Blanchot’s narrator. This difference in motivation is central to the difference between Davis’s and Blanchot’s approach, and complicates any reading of his influence on her because she responds to his text in her own.
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Sardaryan, H. T. "Post-COVID State." Journal of Law and Administration 16, no. 2 (June 26, 2020): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2020-2-55-6-9.
Full textAbstract:
Never ever has the life of people in the most var- ied countries across the world, including Russia, been so heavily filled with medical statistics. The key topics featuring in phone conversations and social media publications are ranging from new hospital beds created to the daily growth rate in confirmed COVID-19 cases. In public consciousness corona- virus has risen its ugly heady all the way from an implausible fiction to a permanent fixture of our life. However COVID-19 will certainly go away some- day, but many customary features of human life will remain in place forever.Since day one of the virus pandemic, experts have noted that neither the high mortality rate, nor the threat of human extinction is an issue but the health care system just failing to manage a spontaneous massive inflow of millions of people suffering from an acute form of the disease. In this context talks of a civilized state must follow the Confucian tradition in a sense that ‘less the king does, the more gets done’ started to be perceived as a lame attempt at humor. Probably someday humankind will rise to the chal- lenge of self-government at a level where people will be able make fun of Hobbes and prove that statehood is to be dispensed with. Today, however, it has no competition when it comes to the need to mount joint efforts to challenge global threats ...
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Maryam, Dewi. "Category Shift pada Terjemahan Tindak Tutur Direktif Film “The Maze Runner: Death Cure” 2018." Deskripsi Bahasa 5, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/db.v5i1.5721.
Full textAbstract:
Salah satu budaya kontemporer yang ada dilingkungan masyarakat era ini adalah film dengan genre science-fiction yang membuka fantasy terhadap dunia imaginer. Film "The Maze Runner: Death Cure 2018” mengangkat dystopian theme yang sangat kaya akan tindak tutur. Salah satunya adalah tindak tutur direktif, misalnya untuk memberikan perintah pada suasana-suasana untuk menyerang lawan. Tuturan tersebut diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan mengalami beberapa pergeseran- pergeseran kategori. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi terjadinya category shift pada terjemahan tindak tutur direktif pada film “The Maze Runner; Death Cure 2018”. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi dianalisis dengan pengklasifikasian dan analisis berdasarkan konteks yang dipadankan dengan teori serta penyajiannya data dilakukakan dengan cara deskriptif. Hasil penelitiannya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak Category Shift yang termuat dalam terjemahan tindak tutur direktif. Dari 65 tindak tutur direktif, pergeseran struktur terjadi sebanyak 23 % atau 15x, 63 % atau 41x mengalami pergeseran unit, 26 % atau 17x mengalami pergeseran kelas kata dan frekuensi pergeseran intra sistem sebanyak 23 % atau 15x. Pergeseran yang sering terjadi pada terjemahan tindak tutur direktif adalah pergeseran unit.
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Levine, Carol, and Connie Zuckerman. "Hands On/Hands Off: Why Health Care Professionals Depend on Families but Keep Them at Arm's Length." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 28, no. 1 (2000): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2000.tb00311.x.
Full textAbstract:
In the theater the fictional Dr. Kelekian’s relief that he does not have to talk to family members about his patient’s cancer treatment draws uneasy laughter from the audience. Doctors, patients, and family members alike recognize the situation, even if hearing it so baldly expressed discomfits them.Why do physicians and other health care professionals, including lawyers and bioethicists, so often view families as “trouble”? And why do families so often see medical professionals as uncaring and uncommunicative? Presumably everyone wants the same goal—recovery or the best possible outcome for the patient. And yet trouble clearly exists. We do not see the problem as one of “dysfunctional families” or “callous doctors,” although there are undoubtedly many of each.
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Allisan, Jay. "Blackorwhite." After Dinner Conversation 2, no. 7 (2021): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/adc20212762.
Full textAbstract:
What is the purpose of the criminal legal system? What factors should we take into account when punishing criminals? In this work of philosophical short story of fiction, the prison medical doctor is called in the middle of the night to take care of Fuzzy, an uneducated, mostly toothless, prisoner who has spent the majority of his life behind bars. Fuzzy, it seems, has gotten into eating cheese, something that strongly disagrees with his stomach and causes severe diarrhea. While the doctor waits for Fuzzy on the toilet and treats him for dehydration he learns Fuzzy’s story. Fuzzy was a young child from a poor family when his brother got him into a small-time gang robbing homes. Fuzzy and his brother wanted to get out of their life and move to Houston to look for legitimate work, but need enough money from a big heist to cover their travel fees. Their final heist goes wrong and the police show up. Fuzzy watches his brother get wrongly gunned down and, in a panic, hops in the van to try to get away. In the process he hits and kills a police officer with the van. The remaining members of the gang are captured and found guilty. Fuzzy, it seems, was able to eat so much cheese as it was his “last meal” on death row and assumed he wouldn’t be around for the results. However, there was a last-minute error with the electric chair so he was forced to face the retribution of his culinary choices. Hearing Fuzzy’s story, the doctor feels greater sympathy for Fuzzy and his life.
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Tornay, Todd. "Medical Fiction." Emergency Medicine News 38 (November 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.eem.0000511016.17300.7c.
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Tornay, Todd. "Medical Fiction." Emergency Medicine News 38 (December 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.eem.0000511194.77510.75.
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Collee, J. "Medical fiction." BMJ 318, no. 7189 (April 10, 1999): 955–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.318.7189.955.
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Wildemuth, Barbara M. "The Types of Publications Read by Finnish Scholars Vary with Their Purposes for Reading." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 15, no. 1 (March 13, 2020): 229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/eblip29667.
Full textAbstract:
A Review of:
Late, E., Tenopir, C., Talja, S., & Christian, L. (2019). Reading practices in scholarly work: From articles and books to blogs. Journal of Documentation, 75(3), 478-499. https://doi.org/10.1108/JD-11-2018-0178
Abstract
Objective – To closely examine the role of reading in scholarly work, with particular attention to the relationships between reading practices and characteristics of the scholars, the types of publications they read, and the context of reading.
Design – Survey.
Setting – Universities in Finland.
Subjects – 528 academics (research directors/managers, professors, post doctoral researchers, doctoral students, lecturers, and researchers).
Methods – An online survey was distributed in Finland, October-December 2016. The first part of the survey asked about scholars’ general reading practices; the second part asked about their most recent reading of two particular publications, one a journal article and the other a different publication type. In relation to these two readings, the scholars provided information about the documents read, the reading process and context, how the document was identified and obtained, and the effect of the reading on their work.
Main Results – On average, the scholars read 59 publications per month: 20 journal articles, 3 books, 5 conference proceedings or research reports, 17 newspaper articles, 9 magazine articles, 4 blogs, and 2 non-fiction/fiction books. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of journal articles read across disciplines, but the number of books read was highest in the humanities and social sciences and lowest in the sciences and medical sciences. Frequency of reading of particular publication types also varied by work focus (research vs. teaching/administrative) and by the nature of the scholar’s research (basic vs. applied).
The scholars were also asked about the importance of reading different publication types. Overall, scholarly journals and article compilations were rated as most important for scholarly reading. Differences in these ratings were found across disciplines, work focus, nature of the research, and scholar rank/status.
Part 2 of the survey focused on the most recent items read by the scholars. Their reading of journal articles, scholarly books, and conference proceedings/research reports was mainly for the purpose of research and writing. Their reading of newspaper articles, magazine articles, and blogs was mainly for current awareness and continuing education. Their reading of non-fiction/fiction books was mainly for their personal interest or pleasure. None of these publication types was specifically focused on supporting the scholars’ teaching.
Over 70 percent of the recent readings were new, rather than re-readings. Across all publication types, the scholars read at least parts of the item “with great care”. Almost half of the journal articles recently read have been or will be cited in the future; this proportion was also high for scholarly books and conference proceedings/research reports, but not for the other publication types.
The most recently read journal articles were brought to the scholar’s attention primarily through searching; they became aware of scholarly books and conference proceedings/research reports through both searching and because another person told them about the item. Scholars mainly obtained journal articles and scholarly books from their libraries, but they also obtained articles on the Internet and scholarly books from another person.
Forty percent of the scholars read journal articles by printing a downloaded copy, but over half read them on a computer, mobile phone, or e-reader. Over half of the scholarly books were read from published/printed copy, but 18% read the book in an electronic version. Most reading occured in the scholar’s office or lab.
Over half the journal articles and conference proceedings/research reports read were published within the last year; just under half the scholarly books read were published within the last year. While these scholars worked in Finland, 91% of the journal articles and 73% of the scholarly books they read were published in English.
Conclusion – The results from this study confirmed and extended findings from previous studies (e.g., Tenopir et al., 2010, 2015). They demonstrated that scholars read a variety of types of publications for a variety of purposes. However, journal articles still dominated the reading and the perceptions of importance among the various publication types, particularly for the purposes of research and writing. This paper provides a first look at scholars’ uses of the other publication types and the influence of work tasks on reading practices; further research is needed to understand these relationships more fully. In general, the disciplinary differences in reading practices found in this study mirror the different publishing practices of the disciplines and so may be affected by future evolution toward open access and social media use for scholarly communication.
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Ali, Sana, Juana Romero, Kevin Morrison, Baria Hafeez, and Jessica Ancker. "Focus Section Health IT Usability: Applying a Task-Technology Fit Model to Adapt an Electronic Patient Portal for Patient Work." Applied Clinical Informatics 09, no. 01 (January 2018): 174–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632396.
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Objectives Although electronic patient portals are offered by most health care organizations, poor usability and poor fit to patient needs may pose barriers to adoption. We collaborated with an academic hospital to conduct iterative user evaluation of a newly deployed portal designed to deliver inpatient data upon hospital discharge. Methods Three evaluators applied heuristic usability evaluation and conducted 23 individual user testing sessions with patients with chronic disease or managing the care of family members with chronic disease. Evaluation and development/improvement were conducted iteratively. User testing and analysis of qualitative data were both conducted from the perspective of a task-technology fit framework, to assess the degree of fit between the portal and patient work. Results Ability to complete health information management tasks, perceived usability, and positive comments from users improved over the course of the iterative development. However, patients still encountered significant difficulties accomplishing certain tasks such as setting up proxy accounts. The problems were most severe when patients did not start with a clear understanding of tasks that they could accomplish. In exploring the portal, novice users frequently described anecdotes from their own medical history or constructed fictional narratives about a hypothetical patient. Conclusion Chronic illness imposes a significant workload on patients, and applying a task-technology framework for evaluation of a patient portal helped improve the portal's fit to patient needs. However, it also revealed that patients often lack a clear understanding of tasks that would help them accomplish personal health information management. Portal developers may need to educate patients about types of patient work involving medical centers, in a way that developers of clinical information systems do not need to do. An approach to doing this might be to provide narratives about hypothetical patients.
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Dixon, Sharon, Lisa Hinton, and Sue Ziebland. "Supporting patients with female genital mutilation in primary care: a qualitative study exploring the perspectives of GPs’ working in England." British Journal of General Practice 70, no. 699 (September 21, 2020): e749-e756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x712637.
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BackgroundFemale genital mutilation (FGM) includes all procedures that intentionally harm or alter female genitalia for non-medical reasons. In 2015, reporting duties were introduced, applicable to GPs working in England including a mandatory reporting duty and FGM Enhanced Dataset. Our patient and public involvement work identified the exploration of potential impacts of these duties as a research priority.AimTo explore the perspectives of GPs working in England on potential challenges and resource needs when supporting women and families affected by FGM.Design and settingQualitative study with GPs working in English primary care.MethodSemi-structured interviews focused around a fictional scenario of managing FGM in primary care. The authors spoke to 17 GPs from five English cities, including those who saw women who have experienced FGM often, rarely, or never. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis. Lipsky’s theory of street-level bureaucracy was drawn on to support analysis.ResultsManaging women with FGM was experienced as complex. Challenges included knowing how and when to speak about FGM, balancing care of women and their family’s potential care and safeguarding needs, and managing the mandated reporting and recording requirements. GPs described strategies to manage these tensions that helped them balance maintaining patient–doctor relationships with reporting requirements. This was facilitated by access to FGM holistic services.ConclusionFGM reporting requirements complicate consultations. The potential consequences on trust between women affected by FGM and their GP are clear. The tensions that GPs experience in supporting women affected by FGM can be understood through the theoretical lens of street-level bureaucracy. This is likely to be relevant to other areas of proposed mandated reporting.
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Heaps, Tom. "Trainee Section: Introduction." Acute Medicine Journal 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52964/amja.0460.
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This edition of the journal sees the launch of a new regular trainee-orientated section. Over the course of a rolling five-year cycle we will be publishing a series of articles which will cover the ‘Emergency Presentations’, ‘The Top 20 Common Medical Presentations’, ‘Other Important Presentations’ and ‘Practical Procedures’ outlined in the curriculum for Acute Internal Medicine 2009. Articles will take the form of a problem-based review that uses a brief clinical case (real or fictional) and its development to illustrate the assessment, differential diagnosis and management of the common presentations to Acute Medicine. We hope these reviews will highlight recent evidence-based guidelines and provide readers with clinically useful ‘pearls and pitfalls’ from specialist experience that can be easily applied to future practice. Although many of these reviews will be commissioned directly by the editors of the journal, if you do have a particular interest in producing a review relating to a specific curriculum topic, please contact me at tomheaps@hotmail.co.uk. Similarly, I would welcome any early feedback relating to the content and format of this new journal section. This edition features reviews of the management of GI bleeding and paraplegia which I hope will be of interest to readers of various levels of seniority. Dr Joe Wileman has also produced a ‘Journal Watch’ section, which we plan to repeat in future editions (again contact me directly if you are interested in undertaking this for a future edition) and there is a ‘trainee update’ from Alice Miller.
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Abdelkadir, M. J., M. Kuijper, C. Appels, A. Spoorenberg, J. Hazes, L. Van Hoeven, D. Lopes Barreto, and A. Weel. "OP0282 COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF A CAFASPA REFERRAL MODEL FOR AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 175.1–176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.4683.
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Background:Chronic low back pain (CLBP) poses a significant individual and socio-economic burden. A substantial amount of patients with CLBP have axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), but early recognition of these patients is difficult for general practitioners (GPs). Guidelines form primary care and secondary care differ in criteria for referral recommendation. The Dutch primary care guideline is restrictive in referring CLBP patients to secondary care whereas ASAS recommend to refer CLBP patients having at least 1 axSPA feature1. Therefore several referral models have been developed to assist GPs. Although the validated CaFaSpA referral model2is able to identify CLBP patients at risk for axSpA, its cost-effectiveness is yet unknown and essential before implementation in daily clinical practice.Objectives:Primary objective to assess the cost-effectiveness of the CaFaSpA referral model for axSpA in primary care. Secondary objective to evaluate the costs made for screening by following the CaFaSpA vs ASAS referral model.Methods:A clustered randomized controlled trial was performed with GPs as clusters. Clusters were randomized into the intervention (CaFaSpA referral, CS) or usual care (UC). Cost-effectiveness analysis from a societal perspective was performed to compare the CS and UC. Clinical outcomes were disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ)) and health-related quality of life (EuroQol (EQ-5D)) after 12 months. Direct (Medical Consumption Questionnaire IMCQ) and indirect healthcare (Productivity Cost Questionnaire IPCQ) costs were evaluated. Complete case analysis was performed. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated for both clinical effects. Fictive costs according to the Dutch standard prices were assessed if the ASAS guideline would be followed (screening costs)3.Results:Of all 679 patients sixty-four percent were female and mean age was 36 (SD) years. In the CS 333 patients were included and in the UC. Non-significant differences in clinical outcomes were for RMDQ: 0.78 (95% CI: -0.38-2.07) and for EQ5D 0.03 (95% CI: -0.04-0.11). Costs were significantly higher in the UC group €19,748 (95% CI: € 15,327-25,022) vs CS € 14,169 (95% CI: € 10,723-18,066).Productivity loss was the largest contributor to the total costs (CS group: 62%, UC group: 96%). The majority of the bootstrapped ICERs presented were located in the south-eastern quadrant of the cost-effectiveness planes (Figure 1a and 1b), indicating that the CS is cost-effective. The ICER for RMDQ was €-5,579, indicating that per point improvement on the RMDQ the intervention saved €5,579. The difference in QALY’s between the CS and UC was very small resulting in a large ICER of €16,9583.The fictive screening costs by using the ASAS referral advice, i.e. referring 85% of 679 patients, results in €876 per patient. The total screening costs per patient by using the CaFaSpA model, i.e. referring 60% of 679 patients is €618.Conclusion:Although the clinical effects between the CaFaSpA referral strategy and usual care were comparable, the CaFaSpA referral strategy resulted in a better cost-effectiveness. Lower costs were mainly driven by the increased productivity.References:[1]Poddubnyy D et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2015;74:1483–7.[2]van Hoeven L et al. PLoS One 2015; 22;10(7):e0131963.[3]van Hoeven L et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2015;74(12):e68.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
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Sturdy, Deborah. "Funded care: sorting fact from fiction." Nursing Older People 13, no. 9 (December 2001): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nop.13.9.7.s7.
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Ellard, John. "Medical ethics — fact or fiction?" Medical Journal of Australia 158, no. 7 (April 1993): 460–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137575.x.
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Tibbs, G. John. "Medical ethics — fact or fiction?" Medical Journal of Australia 159, no. 1 (July 1993): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137725.x.
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Ellard, John. "Medical ethics — fact or fiction?" Medical Journal of Australia 159, no. 1 (July 1993): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137726.x.
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