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Lai, Yuk-yeu William, and 賴玉耀. "Characteristics of front-page medical news." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45588727.
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Qian, Zheng Ming. "Analysis of components in water extract of ten valued traditional Chinese medicines using liquid chromatography system with multiple columns and detectors." Thesis, University of Macau, 2012. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2590375.
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Chen, Kailiang. "A Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasonic imaging." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87916.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 163-174).
This work presents a scalable Column-Row-Parallel ASIC architecture for 3D wearable / portable medical ultrasound. It leverages programmable electronic addressing to achieve linear scaling for both hardware interconnection and software data acquisition. A 16x16 transceiver ASIC is fabricated and flip-chip bonded to a 16x16 capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) to demonstrate the compact, low-power front-end assembly. A 3D plane-wave coherent compounding algorithm is designed for fast volume rate (62.5 volume/s), high quality 3D ultrasonic imaging. An interleaved checker board pattern with I&Q excitations is also proposed for ultrasonic harmonic imaging, reducing transmitted second harmonic distortion by over 20dB, applicable to nonlinear transducers and circuits with arbitrary pulse shapes. Each transceiver circuit is element-matched to its CMUT element. The high voltage transmitter employs a 3-level pulse-shaping technique with charge recycling to enhance the power efficiency, requiring minimum off-chip components. Compared to traditional 2-level pulsers, 50% more acoustic power delivery is obtained with the same total power dissipation. The receiver is implemented with a transimpedance amplifier topology and achieves a lowest noise efficiency factor in the literature (2.1 compared to a previously reported lowest of 3.6, in unit of mPa - [square root sign]mW/Hz). A source follower stage is specially designed to combine the analog outputs of receivers in parallel, improving output SNR as parallelization increases and offering flexibility for imaging algorithm design. Lastly, fault-tolerance is incorporated into the transceiver to deal with faulty elements within the 2D MEMS transducer array, increasing yield for the system assembly.
by Kailiang Chen.
Ph. D.
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Thelander, Linnea, and Johan Gunnarsson. "Samband mellan muskuloskeletal smärta från columna vertebralis, rörelserädsla, tilltro till egen förmåga och balans." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Fysioterapi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-351743.
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Bakgrund: Balansförmågan är komplex och bygger på att flera förmågor samspelar väl för att vara fungerande. Smärta, rörelserädsla och tilltro till egen förmåga är variabler som enligt studier har en inverkan på en individs funktionsförmåga. Hur dessa variabler påverkar utfallet i ett balanstest, är fortfarande ett område med kunskapsluckor. Syfte: Undersöka eventuella samband mellan smärta, rörelserädsla, tilltro till egen förmåga och balans hos en grupp personer med muskuloskeletal smärta från columna vertebralis. Metod: Studien var en observationsstudie med korrelerande design. Studiegruppen bestod av 18 personer, 9 män och 9 kvinnor med medelåldern 32 år. Där samtliga hade muskuloskeletal smärta härledd från columna vertebralis och valdes ut via ett bekvämlighetsurval. Självskattad smärta, rörelserädsla och tilltro till egen förmåga studerades var för sig, i förhållande till uppmätt balans. Data samlades in genom Numerical Rating Scale-självskattningsformulär, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia och Mini-BESTest, varpå Spearman ́s rangkorrelationskoefficient applicerades för att analysera samband. Resultat: Inga signifikanta samband kunde påvisas mellan självskattad smärta och uppmätt balans, självskattad rörelserädsla och uppmätt balans respektive tilltro till egen förmåga (självskattad balans) och uppmätt balans. Konklusion: I den undersökta gruppen kunde inga samband påvisas mellan smärta, rörelserädsla, tilltro till egen förmåga och balans.Background: Balance capacity is a complex notion. It relies upon several abilities interacting well with each other in order to be functioning. Pain, kinesiophobia and Self-Efficacy are factors that according to studies do have an impact on the individual ́s functional capacity. Although within the area of how such variables specifically affects a balance test there are still gaps of knowledge. Objective: Examine possible correlations between pain, kinesiophobia, Self-Efficacy and balance in a population of people with musculoskeletal pain from columna vertebralis. Methods: The study was one of correlating design. The study group consisted of 18 people, 9 men and 9 women with an average age of 32 years. All of them had musculoskeletal pain from columna vertebralis and were selected through a convenience sample. Self-assessed pain, kinesiophobia, Self- Efficacy were studied separately relative to measured balance. Data was collected through Numerical Rating Scale-self assesment questionaires, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia and Mini- BESTest, whereon Spearman's rank correlation was applied in order to analyse correlations. Results: No significant correlations were found between self-assessed pain and measured balance, self-assessed kinesiophobia and measured balance or Self-Efficacy (self-assessed balance) and measured balance. Conclusion: In the studied group no significant correlations between pain, balance and kinesiophobia could be detected.
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Sanchis, Sales Enrique. "Influencia de la postura del pie sobre la rigidez de la columna medial durante la marcha." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403436.
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Esta tesis se presenta como un compendio de publicaciones, y en ella se abordan diferentes estudios de caracterización de la dinámica de las articulaciones de la columna medial del pie (tobillo y articulaciones mediotarsiana y metatarsofalángica) con diferente índice postural. En primer lugar se analizan las diferencias entre pies normales, altamente pronados y altamente supinados mediante gráficos de evolución temporal de rotaciones y momentos articulares en los tres planos de movimiento. Asimismo, se proporcionan valores estadísticos para los parámetros descriptivos de dichas curvas, y a partir de ellos, para pies normales, se identifican patrones normales de marcha. Por otra parte, se identifican y comparan las sinergias cinemáticas y cinéticas en pies normales y altamente supinados, y se analizan las diferencias en sus evoluciones temporales. Finalmente, se estudia la rigidez articular dinámica a flexión durante la marcha en pies normales, altamente pronados y altamente supinados, identificando diferentes fases con rigidez aproximadamente constante. Se analiza la variabilidad de la rigidez en dichas fases, y en particular el efecto de la velocidad de marcha. Y se detallan las diferencias de rigidez dinámica entre los distintos tipos de pie.This thesis is presented as a compendium of publications, and it consists of different characterization studies of the dynamics of the joints of the medial column of the foot (ankle, midtarsal and metatarsophalangeal joints) with different postural indexes. First, the differences between normal, highly pronated and highly supinated feet are analyzed looking at the plots of joint rotations and moments vs time, in the three planes of movement. Statistical values are also provided for the descriptive parameters of these curves, and used afterwards to identify gait patterns for normal feet. On the other hand, kinematic and kinetic synergies are identified and compared in normal and highly supinated feet, and the differences in their temporal evolutions are analyzed. Finally, dynamic joint stiffness in the flexural plane is studied during gait in normal, highly pronated and highly supinated feet, having identified different phases with approximately constant stiffness. The variability of the stiffness in these phases, and in particular the effect of the walking speed, is also analyzed. And the differences of dynamic stiffness between the different types of foot are detailed.
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Wolstenholme, Sarah Christine. "The action of nitrous oxide upon transmission in the dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway of the anaesthetised rat." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.287682.
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Thompson-Fawcett, Mark W. "Columnar cuff, anal transitional zone and ileal pouch mucosa in restorative proctocolectomy." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/5495.
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The formation of a pelvic ileal reservoir or pouch for patients requiring a proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis or familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) has gained rapid favour over recent years. The operation has evolved by empiric practice with the progressive refinement of operative technique. There is still debate over whether to retain or remove the anal transitional zone (ATZ). This debate relates to concern about the neoplastic and inflammatory potential of diseased mucosa if retained in the anal canal. Similarly the chronic inflammatory changes observed in ileal pouch mucosa have raised the possibility that neoplasia may be a long term consequence of forming the ileum into a pouch. This thesis investigates these issues. The work begins with a review of the literature on the ATZ and its importance in restorative proctocolectomy. Following this a detailed study of the micro anatomy of the anal canal is carried out on 28 anal canals. The median span of the ATZ was found to be only 4.5 millimetres and it contains almost no columnar epithelium. However an important area termed the columnar cuff was identified. In a patient who does not have a mucosectomy, the columnar cuff constitutes a span of diseased Columnar epithelium extending over 1 5 to 2.5 cm in the upper anal canal. Long term concerns need to focus on the columnar cuff rather than the ATZ. The columnar cuff and ATZ in 113 patients with an ileal pouch has been studied. These patients had an examination with the intention of biopsying the anal canal and ileal pouch to study the ATZ and columnar cuff. It was possible to obtain a successful biopsy of the columnar cuff in 72% of cases. The technique of staining for the small bowel brush border enzyme sucrase isomaltase has been developed and shown to reliably distinguish between pouch mucosa with villous atrophy and columnar cuff mucosa. The same group of patients was followed over a 2.5 year period and 9% were shown to have symptomatic ‘cuffitis’. A histological scoring system is described and a diagnostic triad of symptoms, endoscopic inflammation and acute inflammation on histology is put forward as a way to diagnose cuffitis. The same 113 patients had columnar cuff biopsies examined for dysplasia and aneuploidy at a mean of 2.5 years after pouch formation and 10.1 years after the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis. No dysplasia was found but one patient had aneuploidy in the columnar cuff. The final part of the work focuses on investigating the risk of neoplasia in ileal pouches. This work draws on a large cohort of 1221 patients with an ileal pouch and selects out a potentially higher risk group for pouch neoplasia. 106 patients who had a pouch for ulcerative colitis were selected, including 34 with chronic pouchitis. In addition 33 patients who had a pouch for FAP were studied. In the ulcerative colitis group one patient was found to have low grade dysplasia and aneuploidy and a further two patients aneuploidy. The risk of neoplasia in an ileal pouch for ulcerative colitis appears low and chronic pouchitis was not identified as a particular risk factor. In contrast adenomatous polyps were found in the ileal pouch of 42% of patients with FAP. It appears that forming the terminal ileum into a reservoir promotes the formation of ileal polyps. In conclusion forming the ileum into a pelvic reservoir to maintain continence appears to be a safe procedure with medium term follow up. It will be important to continue to gather data to establish the natural history of an ileal pouch. In the interim a level of follow up and surveillance for some groups of patients may be wise.Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
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Hariharan, Chandrasekhara B. [Verfasser], Jörg I. [Akademischer Betreuer] Baumbach, and Andreas [Gutachter] Schmid. "Implementation of multi capillary column ion mobility spectrometry (MCC-IMS) for medical and biological applications / Chandrasekhara B. Hariharan. Betreuer: Jörg I. Baumbach. Gutachter: Andreas Schmid." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1101475129/34.
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Silva, Gilka Amélia Antunes da. "Achados na ressonância magnética em pacientes com cervicobraquialgia." Florianópolis, SC, 2007. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/89987.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde PúblicaMade available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T04:55:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 245075.pdf: 1338616 bytes, checksum: c05f6e62350fd328f6336f75feb5d882 (MD5)
Esta pesquisa consiste em uma coorte histórica onde são selecionados 60 pacientes submetidos a exames de ressonância magnética da coluna cervical, que apresentavam como indicação clínica a cervicobraquialgia. O objetivo do trabalho é identificar, nestes exames, sinais de doença degenerativa da coluna cervical, nos pacientes em investigação clínica de cervicobraquialgia. A coleta dos dados foi realizada na base de dados da Clínica Imagem Centro Diagnóstico® localizada em Florianópolis. Dos exames selecionados 47 (78,3%) pertencem a pacientes do sexo feminino e 13 (21,7%) a pacientes do sexo masculino, com idade média de 44,4 anos. Foram avaliados neste estudo, estreitamento do forame neural (presente em 70% dos exames, predominando na faixa etária entre 46 e 80 anos com 92,3%), alterações degenerativas nas articulações uncovertebrais (redução do espaço articular e presença de osteófitos) onde se observou porcentagem de 100% entre 46 e 80 anos. Foram avaliados ainda, desidratação discal, redução do espaço discal e protrusão disco-osteofitária, sendo que a porcentagem de exames que apresentaram desidratação discal foi bastante elevada (86,7%). Estas alterações foram mais freqüentes entre 46 e 80 anos e o espaço discal mais envolvido, C5-C6. A hérnia discal, diferente das outras alterações encontradas, foi mais freqüente na faixa etária entre 24-45 anos, achado similar ao observado na literatura. Pode-se concluir que nos exames de pacientes com cervicobraquialgia analisados, os sinais de doença degenerativa presentes são: estreitamento do forame neural, alterações degenerativas nas articulações uncovertebrais, desidratação discal, redução do espaço discal, protrusão disco-osteofitária e hérnia, achados já consagrados na literatura.
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Stallard, Derek. "A systematic column performance comparison for the confirmation of opioids used in pain management by LC-MS." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/189.
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In this study, three different chromatographic column chemistries (C18, Pentafluorophenyl (PFP), Hydrophilic Interaction Chromatography (HILIC)) were compared under optimal conditions to determine which stationary performed best in the separation and detection of a mixture of opioids using LC-MS. Furthermore, these stationary phases were examined in three different column technologies – traditional silica, porous shell, and porous polymer (PRP). The PRP column had the best peak shape for all 13 opioids and dominated for later-eluting compounds. In terms of column reproducibility, the Hamilton C18 column had the lowest %RSD values. The Kinetex HILIC produced the most theoretical plates and best resolution for polar compounds as did the Hamilton C18 for nonpolar compounds. Finally, Kinetex PFP and Hamilton PRP both demonstrated themselves as viable alternatives to the C18 column chemistry for analysis of this drug class.
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Flores, Nicholas. "PrEParing and Producing the Queer Medical Subject: An Ethnographic Account of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, Sexuality, and Class in Columbus, Ohio in the Time of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu155715931433105.
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Poffo, Marine Josiane. "Receptores 5-HT1B/1D presentes no hipotálamo posterior medial e núcleo paraventricular envolvidos no controle serotonérgico da ingestão de alimento em pombos (Columba livia)." Florianópolis, SC, 2005. http://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/102755.
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Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-graduação em NeurociênciasMade available in DSpace on 2013-07-16T01:50:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 213448.pdf: 826974 bytes, checksum: e222fad3b88d4e5225edb19effb026df (MD5)
No presente estudo, investigou-se a presença de receptores serotonérgicos no hipotálamo posterior medial (PMH) e no núcleo paraventricular (PVN) envolvidos no controle neural da ingestão de alimento e de água em pombos saciados (Columba livia). Para tanto, administrou-se nesses sítios hipotalâmicos a MET (um antagonista não-seletivo dos receptores 5-HT1/2), o GR 46611 (agonista dos receptores 5-HT1B/1D) e o 8-OH-DPAT (agonista 5-HT1A), a fim de identificar os subtipos de receptores presentes nesses locais. Foram utilizados animais saciados, com cânulas-guia implantadas próximas ao PMH e ao PVN, onde era inserida a agulha injetora excedendo em 1,0; 1,7; 2,4 ;3,1; e 3,8mm a cânula-guia. Uma semana após a cirurgia, as aves foram tratadas com veículo (ácido ascórbico 5%), MET (20 nmol), GR (0,6 e 6 nmol) ou 8OH (6 nmol), aleatoriamente. Após a administração das drogas, os animais retornavam às suas gaiolas, que continham água e alimento previamente pesados. O registro comportamental era efetuado durante 1 hora, onde era avaliado o comportamento ingestivo relativo ao consumo de alimento e água (duração e latência) e os comportamentos não ingestivos auto-limpeza, locomoção, parado alerta e posturas típicas de sono (duração e latência). Ao final de 1 hora, o consumo de alimento e de água foi quantificado. Os dados mostram que a injeção de MET no PMH provocou uma resposta hiperfágica, acompanhada de aumento na duração da refeição e redução na latência para iniciar o comportamento alimentar, comparado com os valores obtidos com a injeção de veículo. No PVN, a administração de MET provocou um aumento da quantidade de alimento ingerido, sem alterar a duração total e a latência para iniciar o comportamento ingestivo. O tratamento com GR 46611 no PMH resultou em uma resposta semelhante à obtida com a MET, em ambas as doses utilizadas, e de maneira dose-dependente, sendo mais eficaz a dose de 6 nmol. Entretanto, no PVN apenas a dose maior de GR obteve êxito em causar hiperfagia e aumento na magnitude da ingestão de alimento, sem interferir na latência para iniciar a resposta ingestiva. A administração de 8OH não modificou nenhum dos aspectos avaliados pertinentes à ingestão de alimento. O comportamento de ingestão de água foi modificado pela injeção de GR no PMH. Ambas as doses induziram uma resposta dipsogênica e provocaram uma redução na latência para iniciar a ingestão de alimento, mais eficazmente na dose de 0,6 nmol, mas somente a dose de 6 nmol retardou o término dessa resposta. O tratamento realizado com a MET não alterou a ingestão hídrica em nenhum dos sítios investigados. Porém, a administração de 8OH no PVN induziu um aumento significante na latência para iniciar o consumo de água. Os efeitos provocados pelas drogas administradas foram estritamente relacionados ao comportamento ingestivo, uma vez que não houve alterações nos comportamentos não ingestivos. Concluindo, o presente estudo indicou a presença dos receptores serotonérgicos 5-HT1B/1D no PMH e no PVN envolvidos com a regulação da ingestão de alimento e de água (a última somente no PMH) em pombos, interferindo nos processos de saciação e de saciedade.
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Marques, Mariana Tonietto. "Análise de um sistema de escaneamento 3D para avaliação das curvaturas sagitais e frontais da coluna vertebral de indivíduos de diferentes faixas etárias." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/143210.
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O padrão ouro para a avaliação e o acompanhamento de desvios posturais é o exame radiológico. No entanto, a exposição à radiação ionizante aumenta o risco do desenvolvimento de câncer. Nessa perspectiva, se faz necessário o uso de métodos não invasivos com validade, repetibilidade e reprodutibilidade para mensurar os desvios posturais e acompanhar a sua progressão. Dessa maneira, o intuito do presente estudo foi verificar se o sistema Vert 3D fornece informações válidas referentes aos desvios posturais nos planos frontal e sagital de indivíduos de diferentes faixas etárias. Além disso, verificar a repetibilidade e a reprodutibilidade interavaliador do sistema Vert 3D nos planos sagital e frontal. Foi avaliada a postura sagital e frontal de 89 crianças de ambos os sexos e diferentes faixas etárias. A avaliação consistiu de duas etapas: exame radiológico e sistema Vert 3D. A primeira etapa foi realizada por um operador de raios X experiente e, a partir das imagens geradas, foram calculados os ângulos de Cobb nos planos sagital e frontal. A segunda etapa foi executada no mesmo dia por três avaliadores treinados no método e foram calculados os ângulos de deformidade do Vert 3D nos planos sagital e frontal e as flechas de escoliose do Vert 3D. O primeiro avaliador efetuou duas análises sucessivas, o segundo avaliador efetuou em seguida outras duas análises sucessivas e o terceiro avaliador efetuou a seguir uma única análise. Foram comparados e correlacionados os dados sucessivos de um mesmo avaliador para verificar a repetibilidade, os dados de diferentes avaliadores para verificar a reprodutibilidade interavaliador e entre os dados dos dois sistemas para verificar a validade do sistema Vert 3D. Para a repetibilidade no plano sagital, não houve diferença (p>0,05) e as correlações foram excelentes (ICC≥0,750, p<0,05). Para a reprodutibilidade interavaliador no plano sagital, não houve diferença (p>0,05) e as correlações foram satisfatórias (0,400
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Vacari, Daiane Aparecida. "Comparação entre métodos de avaliação da curvatura lombossacral obtidos por imagem radiográfica e fotográfica." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/597.
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Introdução: Os avanços tecnológicos no desenvolvimento de medidas preventivas são indispensáveis no processo de manutenção da qualidade de vida dos seres humanos. O incremento de novos métodos avaliativos para estruturas complexas como a coluna vertebral e, mais especificamente a coluna lombossacral, é demanda constante no âmbito de pesquisa científica. Objetivo: Investigar a correlação e a concordância entre diferentes métodos radiográficos de avaliação da concavidade lombossacral e desenvolver um protocolo de avaliação dessa curvatura por meio de fotogrametria. Metodologia: A seleção da amostra ocorreu no município de Curitiba-PR, totalizando 58 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 18 e 28 anos. Nos procedimentos de tratamento de imagem e dos critérios de inclusão foram detectadas seis perdas técnicas, reduzindo a amostra para 52 indivíduos. Para o desenvolvimento da nova técnica utilizou-se: uma câmera fotográfica digital Samsung® de 14,2 Mega Pixels, um tripé da marca Midas® e marcadores adesivos circulares da marca Pimaco®. Os procedimentos relacionados às coletas da imagem radiográficas foram realizados em um centro diagnóstico por imagem. Os ângulos da concavidade lombossacral foram avaliados por sete técnicas diferentes (Centroide, Cobb1L1-S1, Cobb2L1-L5, Cobb3L2-S1, Cobb4T12-S1, Tangente Posterior e Trall) e ainda, por duas novas técnicas com imagens fotográficas (Cobb Foto e Trall Foto). Resultados: Durante a elaboração da nova técnica, detectou-se a necessidade do desenvolvimento de um marcador metálico proeminente, para ser observado nas fotografias e radiografias em vistas laterais. Apesar dos baixos valores de concordância entre os métodos radiográficos, foram constatados altos coeficientes de correlação entre algumas técnicas: Cobb4 T12i-S1s e Cobb1 L1s-S1s (0,893), Cobb4 T12i-S1s e Cobb2 L1s-L5i (0,820), Cobb3 L2s-S1s e Cobb1 L1s-S1s (0,810). As técnicas fotogramétricas para a análise da coluna lombossacral apresentaram correlações moderadas e fracas quando comparados aos testes radiográficos. As medidas de Trall Foto em relação às medidas de Cobb L1s-S1s e Cobb3 L2s-S1s apresentaram valores de r= 0,40 e 0,45, respectivamente. Adicionalmente, promoveu-se uma classificação categórica dos valores angulares obtidos através de cada método, tanto aqueles que são validados na radiologia, quanto àqueles desenvolvidos por fotogrametria. Com nos resultados obtidos, optou-se pela análise de uma nova variável, o ponto de inflexão entre a cifose torácica e a lordose lombar. Este ponto de inflexão apresentou maior incidência na região entre a décima segunda vértebra torácica e a primeira lombar (63,5%). Conclusão: Pode-se concluir que a diversidade de referências anatômicas utilizadas nas técnicas estudadas deve ser considerada no momento da escolha daquela a ser aplicada, em diferentes pacientes, dependendo do posicionamento referente ao ponto de inflexão toracolombar, pois o conhecimento de sua localização permite a escolha da técnica a ser empregada com mais exatidão. As técnicas de avaliação desenvolvidas a partir da fotogrametria (Cobb Foto e Tall Foto) não apresentaram valores estatísticos suficientemente compatíveis para a substituição do método radiográfico.Introduction: Technological advances in the development of preventive measures are indispensable in the process of maintaining the quality of life of human beings. The rise of new methods of assessment of complex structures such as the spine, and more specifically the lumbosacral spine is in constant demand for scientific research. Objective: To investigate the correlation and agreement between different radiographic methods for evaluation of lumbosacral concavity and develop a protocol for assessment of curvature through Photogrammetry. Methodology: The sample selection was in Curitiba-PR, totaling 58 individuals of both sexes, aged between 18 and 28 years. In image processing procedures and criteria for inclusion were detected six technical losses, reducing the sample to 52 individuals. For the development of the new technique was used: a digital camera Samsung ® 14.2 Mega Pixels, a tripod Midas ® and markers adhesives of brand Pimaco®. During construction of the new technique, we detected the need to develop metallic marker of prominence to be seen in the photographs and radiographs in lateral views. The procedures related to collect radiographic image were carried out in partnership with a diagnostic imaging center of a hospital in the capital of Curitiba. The angles of the concavity lumbosacral were evaluated seven different techniques (Centroid, Cobb1L1-S1, Cobb2L1-L5, Cobb3L2-S1, Cobb4T12-S1, Posterior tangent and Trall) and also by two new techniques with photograph (Cobb Photo e Trall Photo). Results: Despite the low values of correlation between radiographic methods, high correlation coefficients were found between some techniques: Cobb4 T12i-S1s e Cobb1 L1s-S1s (0,893), Cobb4 T12i-S1s e Cobb2 L1s-L5i (0,820), Cobb3 L2s-S1s e Cobb1 L1s-S1s (0,810). The techniques the photogrammetric analysis of the lumbosacral spine demonstrated correlation moderate to weak when compared to radiographic tests. The Measures of Trall Photo in 0, 45, respectively. Additionally, we promoted a categorical classification of angle values obtained by each method, both those validated in radiograph, and developed by photogrammetry. With these results, we opted for the analysis of a new variable, the tipping point between the thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. This inflection point presented higher incidence in the region between the twelfth thoracic vertebra and the L1 (63,5%). Conclusion: It was concluded that the diversity of anatomical references used in the studied techniques should be considered when choosing to appli in different patients, depending on the position assigned to the inflection point thoracolumbar, because knowledge of its location allows choice of technique to be used more accurately. Assessment techniques developed from photogrammetry (Cobb Photo e Tall Photo) showed no statistical values sufficiently compatible to replace the radiographic method.
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Morais, Dionei Freitas. "Traumatismo raquimedular: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e radiológicos." Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2013. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/177.
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Previous issue date: 2013-05-09Introduction: The spinal cord injury (SCI) it is any aggression that entails anatomic lesion or functional neural elements, within the spinal canal with or without fractures and / or vertebral displacement, resulting in temporary or permanent change in motor, sensory or autonomic. Objective: article 1: To investigate the epidemiological profile of victims of SCI treated at tertiary hospital. Article 2: To evaluate the clinical application of MRI in victims of SCI, considering the type, extent and severity of injury, and clinical and radiological correlation. Article 3: To evaluate complications and injuries associated with neurological severity, vertebral segment, length of stay and mortality in patients with SCI. Methods: Article 1: A descriptive, cross-sectional, prospective study, 321 patients with SCI of the Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto, performed January/2008 to June/2012. Analyzed the following variables: gender, age, marital status, occupation, education, religion, origin, etiology, morphology and region of the lesion; neurological status and associated injuries. Article 2: Analyzed the tests diagnostic imaging (CT and MRI), to verify the clinical value in the diagnosis of patients with SCI, by radiological findings of CT and MRI. Article 3: Analyzed the data related to the patient (age, sex), cause of the accident, anatomic distribution of injury, neurological status, associated injuries and in-hospital complications / mortality. Results: Article 1: Was found in the sample: 72% male, 28% female; prevalent age group: 21-30 years; marital most frequent: stable (46.8%), level of education: incomplete primary education (57%); most common cause: accidents automotive (38.9%); over this injury: burst fracture (23.7%); most affected region: cervical subaxial (C3-C7) (41.7%); injury associated more present: head injury trauma (TBI) (28.2%), neurological status on admission found more / High: ASIA-E. There were 25 deaths (7.8%), with 76% lesion in the cervical region were stratified with ASIA-A, and 68% had respiratory complications. Article 2: Radiological findings were best visualized on MRI, except the posterior elements (p = 0.001) were more frequently diagnosed on CT. 271 lesions were diagnosed, 271 of these by MRI, CT and 154 for 100 (36.9%) detected simultaneously, thus, MRI detected more than 117 injuries in CT. Article 3: 231 patients (72%) were male and 90 (28%) were female with a mean age of 42.68 years. 170 patients had lesions associated with SCI. The most common injury was TBI in 48 (28.2%), and 25 (8%) patients died. Conclusion: Article 1: The SCI affected more young adult males with stable relationship and low level of education. The most common cause was automobile accident, type of injury was burst fracture, and cervical region the most affected. The severity of the neurological status was related to cervical involvement and increased the risk of respiratory complications and mortality. Article 2: The MRI detected more lesions compared with CT, and is useful in diagnosing soft tissue injuries and intrathecal. Article 3: The SCI was more frequent and associated with the presence of higher TBI quantity of lesions increases the risk of death.
Introdução: O traumatismo raquimedular (TRM) trata-se de qualquer agressão que acarrete lesão anatômica ou funcional dos elementos neurais, dentro do canal vertebral com ou sem fraturas e / ou deslocamento vertebral, resultando em mudança permanente ou temporária, nas funções motora, sensitiva ou autonômica. Objetivos: artigo 1: Investigar o perfil epidemiológico de vítimas de TRM atendidos em hospital terciário. artigo 2: Avaliar a aplicação clínica da RM em vítimas de TRM, considerando-se tipo, extensão e gravidade da lesão, e correlação clínico-radiológica. artigo 3: Avaliar as complicações e lesões associadas com a gravidade neurológica, segmento vertebral, tempo de internação e mortalidade em pacientes com TRM. Métodos: artigo 1: Estudo descritivo, transversal, prospectivo, com 321 pacientes com TRM do Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto-SP, realizado de janeiro/2008 a junho/2012. Analisadas as variáveis: sexo; idade; estado civil; profissão; escolaridade; religião; procedência; etiologia, morfologia e região da lesão; status neurológico e lesões associadas. artigo 2: Analisados os exames de diagnóstico por imagem (TC e RM), visando verificar o valor clínico no diagnóstico do paciente com TRM, por meio dos achados radiológicos da TC e RM. artigo 3: Analisados os dados relacionados ao paciente (idade, sexo), causa do acidente, distribuição anatômica da lesão, estado neurológico, lesões associadas e complicações intra-hospitalares/mortalidade. Resultados: artigo 1: Encontrou-se na amostra: 72% sexo masculino; 28% feminino; faixa etária prevalente: 21-30 anos; estado civil mais frequente: união estável (46,8%); nível de escolaridade: ensino fundamental incompleto (57%); causa mais comum: acidente automobilísticos (38,9%); lesão mais presente: fratura explosão (23,7%); região mais afetada: cervical subaxial (C3-C7) (41,7%); lesão associada mais presente: traumatismo crâniencefálico (TCE) (28,2%); status neurológico mais encontrado na admissão/alta: ASIA E. Ocorreram 25 óbitos (7,8%), sendo 76% com lesão na região cervical, foram estratificados com ASIA-A, e 68% tiveram complicações respiratórias. artigo 2: Os achados radiológicos foram melhores visualizados na RM, exceto os elementos posteriores (p=0,001) que foram mais diagnosticados na TC. Foram diagnosticadas 271 lesões, sendo 271 pela RM, 154 pela TC e 100 (36,9%) simultaneamente detectados, assim, a RM detectou 117 lesões a mais que a TC. Artigo 3: 231 pacientes (72%) foram do sexo masculino e 90 (28%) do sexo feminino com média de idade 42,68 anos. 170 pacientes apresentaram lesões associadas ao TRM. A mais frequente lesão foi TCE em 48 (28,2%), e 25 (8%) dos pacientes foram a óbito. Conclusão: artigo 1: O TRM acometeu mais adultos jovens do sexo masculino com união estável e baixo nível de escolaridade. A causa mais comum foi acidente automobilístico, o tipo de lesão foi fratura explosão e a região cervical a mais acometida. A maior gravidade do status neurológico esteve relacionada com envolvimento cervical e aumentou o risco de complicações respiratórias e morbimortalidade. artigo 2. A RM detectou maior número de lesão comparada com a TC, sendo de grande utilidade no diagnóstico de lesões em tecidos moles e intratecal. artigo 3: O TRM foi mais frequente associado ao TCE e a presença de maior quantidade de lesões associadas aumenta o risco de morte.
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Bartz, Patrícia Thurow. "Manejo da dor lombar crônica inespecífica por médicos de Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Porto Alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/140978.
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As atitudes e crenças sobre a dor lombar crônica inespecífica (DLCI) dos profissionais de saúde estão associadas com as de seus pacientes, assim como com os resultados do tratamento. Por sua relevância, alguns estudos já foram realizados com o intuito de identificar as atitudes e crenças ligadas à orientação de tratamento que os médicos adotam no manejo da DLCI, bem como investigar a associação entre suas características demográficas e profissionais e suas atitudes e crenças. No entanto, no Brasil encontramos apenas uma pesquisa sobre esse tema, com fisioterapeutas que atuavam em hospitais e clínicas particulares. Os objetivos desta dissertação foram: 1) revisar os documentos que abordam o manejo da DLCI localizados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde; 2) descrever atitudes e crenças relacionadas à orientação de tratamento dos médicos de Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) conveniadas a Prefeitura de Porto Alegre (PREFPOA) e identificar a associação entre suas características demográficas e profissionais e as suas atitudes e crenças relacionadas à orientação de tratamento da dor lombar crônica inespecífica. Esta dissertação foi composta por dois artigos, sendo que cada artigo inclui um dos objetivos citados. Para atingir o objetivo 1, realizamos uma revisão de documentos na língua portuguesa sobre o manejo da dor lombar publicados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde do Ministério da Saúde. Para atingir o objetivo 2, todos os médicos de UBS da PREFPOA foram convidados para participar do estudo. Como critérios de inclusão, foi determinado que para participar da pesquisa o médico deveria atender pelo menos um paciente com DLCI por semana e estar trabalhando na atenção básica há pelo menos seis meses. Para coleta de dados, utilizamos um questionário demográfico e profissional e o Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists, para avaliar as atitudes e crenças, sendo composto por duas orientações de tratamento: biomédica e comportamental. Os resultados do artigo 1 indicam que não há um documento na língua portuguesa que oriente os profissionais a utilizarem a orientação biopsicossocial no manejo de pacientes com DLCI. Os resultados do artigo 2, em que participaram do estudo 110 médicos, com idade média de 47,18(±9,52) anos, indicam uma média de 27,75(±6,89) na orientação biomédica e de 22,76(±4,44) na orientação comportamental, sendo que os médicos consideraram o papel do estresse e de questões psicossociais no manejo da DLCI, mas também relacionaram a dor à presença de lesão tecidual. Tanto na orientação biomédica quanto na comportamental as diferenças entre os grupos foram pequenas, considerando as variáveis demográficas e profissionais. Conclui-se que existe uma carência de documentos na língua portuguesa para guiar os profissionais a utilizarem a orientação biopsicossocial no manejo da DLCI, os médicos de UBS da PREFPOA apresentaram atitudes e crenças ligadas tanto à orientação biomédica quanto comportamental e nenhuma característica analisada estava associada às atitudes e crenças dos médicos.Attitudes and beliefs about chronic nonspecific low back pain of health professionals are associated with their patients, as well as the results of treatment. For its relevance, some studies have been conducted in order to identify the attitudes and beliefs related to orientation treatment that physicians adopt in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain and investigate the association between their demographic and professional characteristics and their attitudes and beliefs. However, in Brazil we found only research on this subject, with physiotherapists who worked in hospitals and private clinics. The objectives of this dissertation were: 1) to review the documents that address the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain located in the Virtual Health Library of the Ministry of Health; 2) describe attitudes and beliefs related to the orientation treatment of the Basic Units of Health linked the Porto Alegre Prefecture and identify the association between their demographic and professional characteristics and their attitudes and beliefs related to orientation treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain. This dissertation was composed of two articles, wherein each article includes one of said goals. To article the goal 1, we conducted a review of documents in Portuguese on the management of low back pain published in the Virtual Library of Health Ministry of Health. To article the goal 2, Porto Alegre Prefecture’ Basic Units of Health’ all physicians were invited to participate in the study. As inclusion criteria, it was determined that to participate in the survey the physician should meet at least one patient with chronic nonspecific low back pain a week and be working in primary care for at least six months. To collect data, use demographic and professional questionnaire and Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapists, to assess attitudes and beliefs, being composed of two treatment guidelines: biomedical and behavioral. The results of Article 1 indicate that there is a document in the Portuguese language to guide professionals to use the biopsychosocial orientation in the management of patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. The results of Article 2, in the study 110 physicians with an average age of 47.18 (± 9.52) years, indicate an average of 27.75 (± 6.89) in biomedical orientation and 22.76 (±4.44) in the behavioral orientation, and the physicians considered the role of stress and psychosocial issues in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain, but also related pain to the presence of tissue injury. Any biomedical orientation as the behavioral differences between groups were small, considering demographic variables and professionals. It is concluded that there is a lack of documents in Portuguese to guide professionals to use the biopsychosocial guidance in the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain, Porto Alegre Prefecture’ Basic Units of Health’ physicians of presented attitudes and beliefs related to both biomedical and behavioral guidance and no analyzed characteristic was associated with attitudes and beliefs of physicians.
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Mayhew-Smith, Nick. "Nature rituals of the early medieval church in Britain : Christian cosmology and the conversion of the British landscape from Germanus to Bede." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2018. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/Nature-rituals-of-the-early-medieval-church-in-Britain(9d5b1796-8ec5-4272-be04-4a6fc7cf4e19).html.
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This thesis studies ritual interactions between saints and the landscape, animals and elements during a three-hundred year period from 410 AD. Such interactions include negotiations about and with birds and other animals, exorcism of the sea, lakes and rivers, and immersion in these natural bodies of water for devotional purposes. Although writers of the period lacked a term such as 'nature' to describe this sphere of activity, it is demonstrated that the natural world was regarded as a dimension of creation distinctively responsive to Christian ritual. Systematic study of the context in which these rituals were performed finds close connection with missionary negotiations aimed at lay people. It further reveals that three British writers borrowed from Sulpicius Severus' accounts of eastern hermits, reworking older narratives to suggest that non-human aspects of creation were not only attracted to saints but were changed by and participated in Christian ritual and worship. Natural bodies of water attracted particularly intense interaction in the form of exorcism and bathing, sufficiently widely documented to indicate a number of discrete families of ritual were developed. In northern Britain, acute anxieties can be detected about the cultural and spiritual associations of open water, requiring missionary intervention to challenge pre-Christian narratives through biblical and liturgical resources, most notably baptism. Such a cosmological stretch appears to have informed a 'Celtic' deviation in baptismal practice that emphasised exorcism and bodily sacrifice. Nature rituals were a systematic response to the challenges of the British intellectual and physical landscapes, revealing the shape of an underlying missionary strategy based on mainstream patristic theology about the marred relationship between humans and the rest of creation. St Ambrose emerges as the most influential theologian at the time when the early church was shaping its British inculturation, most notably led by St Germanus' mission in 429.
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Aurich, Lucas Alves. "Determinação do melhor método para prever o alcance à junção craniovertebral nas cirurgias endoscópicas transnasais utilizando neuronavegação." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2872.
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Espera-se redução das complicações cirúrgicas quando lesões localizadas na junção craniovertebral (JCV) são operadas pelo acesso cirúrgico endoscópico transnasal ao invés do acesso transoral. Entretanto, não se sabe ainda qual seria o maior alcance inferior da abordagem transnasal e também qual seria o melhor método para prever o limite de exposição no planejamento pré-operatório. No presente estudo, o alcance à JCV foi definido no período intraoperatório com neuronavegação em 10 pacientes operados pela via transnasal. O limite anatômico obtido foi comparado com as linhas nasopalatina e palatina. A linha nasopalatina mostrou ser o melhor método para prever o alcance inferior à JCV.It is expected reduction of surgical complications when craniovertebral junction pathologies are operated using the endoscopic transnasal approach instead of the transoral approach. However, it is yet unclear what is the lower extent of the transnasal approach and which method is better to predict this lower limit in preoperative planning. This study evaluates the inferior exposure of craniocervical junction in 10 patients operated through the transnasal approach using neuronavigation. The intraoperative anatomical limit was compared to nasopalatine and palatine lines. The nasopalatine line predicts more accurately the inferior limit of the transnasal approach.
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Neves, João Ricardo Dias Oliveira. "Cirurgia minimamente invasiva em fraturas da coluna." Dissertação, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72399.
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Neves, João Ricardo Dias Oliveira. "Cirurgia minimamente invasiva em fraturas da coluna." Master's thesis, 2012. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/72399.
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Caetano, Susana Catarina Cardoso. "Modelação Numérica de Cirurgias da Coluna Vertebral para Otimização de Resultados." Dissertação, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/116084.
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Caetano, Susana Catarina Cardoso. "Modelação Numérica de Cirurgias da Coluna Vertebral para Otimização de Resultados." Master's thesis, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/116084.
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Souza, Sheila. "Caracterização e comparação do padrão postural da coluna vertebral entre crianças de diferentes estatutos ponderais." Dissertação de mestrado, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/20217.
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Abreu, Ana Teresa Ferreira. "Avaliação de deformidades da coluna vertebral em adolescentes com paralisia cerebral." Dissertação, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/73888.
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Souza, Sheila. "Caracterização e comparação do padrão postural da coluna vertebral entre crianças de diferentes estatutos ponderais." Master's thesis, 2009. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/101799.
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Abreu, Ana Teresa Ferreira. "Avaliação de deformidades da coluna vertebral em adolescentes com paralisia cerebral." Master's thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/73888.
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Silva, Ana Rita Santos. "Pacientes com deformidades da coluna vertebral: relação com a má-oclusão no plano sagital." Dissertação, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/79276.
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Silva, Ana Rita Santos. "Pacientes com deformidades da coluna vertebral: relação com a má-oclusão no plano sagital." Master's thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/79276.
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Silva, Melissa Pais. "Sindrome anca-coluna e o efeito da artroplastia total da anca na dor lombar e no equilibrio sagital da coluna vertebral: estudo observacional prospetivo." Dissertação, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/121525.
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Silva, Melissa Pais. "Sindrome anca-coluna e o efeito da artroplastia total da anca na dor lombar e no equilibrio sagital da coluna vertebral: estudo observacional prospetivo." Master's thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/121525.
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Ferreira, Débora Estrela Lobo. "Efeitos imediatos do ponto S34 nos movimentos de flexo-extensão da coluna lombar em Indivíduos saudáveis - Dados preliminares de um estudo prospetivo." Dissertação, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/82230.
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Ferreira, Débora Estrela Lobo. "Efeitos imediatos do ponto S34 nos movimentos de flexo-extensão da coluna lombar em Indivíduos saudáveis - Dados preliminares de um estudo prospetivo." Master's thesis, 2015. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/82230.
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Pereira, Márcia Filipa Gonçalves. "Identificação Humana através das particularidades ósseas no exame radiográfico da coluna vertebral e tórax." Dissertação, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/118227.
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Pereira, Márcia Filipa Gonçalves. "Identificação Humana através das particularidades ósseas no exame radiográfico da coluna vertebral e tórax." Master's thesis, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/118227.
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Day, An-Shiou, and 戴安修. "Studies on the modification of neuronal properties and its mechanisms in neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus system responding to peripheral stimulation after median nerve injury of rats." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00372621024495306744.
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博士國立臺灣大學
解剖學暨細胞生物學研究所
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Light touch evoked painful sensation (mechano-allodynia) is one of the neuropathic pain syndromes that developed after peripheral nerve injury. The prevention and therapy of the neuropathic pain in clinical practice are still unresolved. Recent Evidences have shown that the pathophsiological mechanism of mechao-allodynia is the Ab-fiber mediated neuropathic pain. The altered peripheral and central neuronal excitability following nerve injury may contribute to the pronounced hyperexcitability in central neurons in response to Ab-fiber mediated low threshold afferent inputs. We have established the neuronal morphology and distribution of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal (DC-ML) system, especially the cuneate nucleus, which is known to receive pronounced Ab-fiber projection. On the basis of this, the present study was conducted to investigate the modification of neuronal properties and its mechanisms in neurons of the dorsal column-medial lemniscus system responding to peripheral stimulation after median nerve injury. First, the c-Fos, expression from the c-fos transcription and translation, was used as a marker to indicate the cellular activation by the peripheral stimulation. The results using c-Fos immunohistochemical and retrograde tract tracing methods indicated that c-Fos expression only showed in some morphologically distinct postsynaptic dorsal column (PSDC) tract neurons but not in the cuneate nucleus (CN) after peripheral noxious stimulation. Furthermore, the investigation of the c-Fos expression of the DC-ML neurons in response to peripheral stimulation after peripheral nerve injury showed that there were significant changes in the neuronal c-Fos expression following nerve injury. After the electrical stimulation of chronically constricted median nerve at Ab-fiber intensity in rats with behavioral signs of neuropathic pain, we have observed that the number of c-Fos immunoreactive neurons increased significantly in the spinal dorsal horn and the CN ipsilateral to the stimulation. The combination of the using of the retrograde tracers indicated that most of the c-Fos immunopositive (c-Fos-IR) neurons were PSDC neurons or cuneo-thalamic projection neurons. Results of this study indicated that the DC-ML neuronal excitability in response to peripheral stimulation did alter in rats suffering chronically constricted peripheral nerve and with behavioral signs of neuropathic pain. To investigate the mechanisms of the altered excitability of DC-ML projections neurons, we used double-immunostaining method to determine the relationship between Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-immunoreactive (IR) terminals and c-Fos-IR neurons in the rat CN after electrical stimulation of chronic constricted injured median nerve. After the chronically constricted injury of median nerve, abundant NPY-IR nerve fibers were observed in the CN ipsilateral to the nerve injury side. Ultrastructurely, direct appositions were evidenced between the soma of Fos-IR neurons and NPY-IR terminals. The present results suggested that, after peripheral nerve injury, the de novo synthetic NPY may be involved in an augmentation of neuronal excitability responding to peripheral stimulation in the DC-ML sensory pathway. We have also observed that the number of the degenerative neurons in the rat CN increased significantly following the chronic constriction of median nerve. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical staining of glycine in the semithin sections alternative to the previously stained sections that shows the degenerative neurons concluded that most of the degenerative neurons in the CN were glycinergic, which is one of the major neurotransmitter involved in inhibition on thalamic projection neurons in the rat CN. The present results provided the evidence that the constriction injury would evoke trans-synaptic degeneration in the inhibitory, glycinergic interneurons in the CN, and suggested this phenomenon may contribute to the altered neuronal excitability in the CN projection neurons following nerve injury. In conclusion, after peripheral nerve injury, the neuropeptide plasticity and the degeneration of the inhibitory interneurons in the central projection area of the injured nerve may contribute to the altered excitability of DC-ML neurons responding to peripheral stimulation. This may constitute the neuronal basis of the pronounced hyperexcitability in DC-ML neurons in response to Ab-fiber mediated low threshold afferent inputs and of the DC-ML in central transmission of the signals of mechano-allodynia.
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Trigueira, Anita Lídia Lascasas. "Análise baseada em ressonâncias magnéticas das alterações degenerativas discais de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias com diferentes abordagens para remoção de tumores intradurais da coluna: uma comparação dos achados pré e pós-operatórios." Dissertação, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134373.
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Introdução: A doença degenerativa discal é frequentemente descrita no contexto pós-operatório de procedimentos de descompressão cervical e lombar. No entanto, há uma escassez de estudos sobre alterações degenerativas da coluna vertebral após cirurgias de remoção de tumor intradurais.
Objetivo: Descrever a frequência e a distribuição da doença degenerativa discal (DDD) através da análise de ressonâncias magnéticas em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia a tumores intradurais da coluna.
Métodos: Foram analisadas retrospetivamente, com o Modified Pfirrmann Grading System (MPGS), ressonâncias magnéticas de coluna antes e após a cirurgia de remoção de tumores intradurais, extramedulares e intramedulares, de pacientes operados no nosso serviço entre 29/07/2008 e 30/05/2019.
As variações foram correlacionadas com variáveis adicionais, como a idade na data da cirurgia, o tempo decorrido até ao último registo imagiológico, o número de níveis espinhais operados, a abordagem cirúrgica, procedimentos de instrumentação e tratamento com radioterapia.
Resultados:
Um total de 66 pacientes foram incluídos nosso estudo, 39 mulheres e 27 homens. A mediana da idade no momento da cirurgia foi de 48 anos (variação 3-83), e o tempo mediano de acompanhamento foi de 4,6 anos. O número médio de níveis operados foi de 2 (1-9).
Comparativamente, a classificação MPGS de discos da mesma categoria revelou um valor médio significativamente mais alto em todos os pares de discos avaliados na ressonância magnética mais atual (+0,22 a +0,57 em média).
Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre o tempo de pós-operatório e degeneração discal para discos caudais limite (p = 0,007), e também entre o número de níveis intervencionados e variação de MPGS para discos caudais adjacentes (p = 0,013). Houve tendência para uma correlação negativa entre idade na cirurgia e a progressão degenerativa discal, significativa para os discos internos (r = -0,347, p = 0,020).
Conclusões:
Mesmo que relativamente modesta, há uma progressão inegável da degeneração discal em todos os grupos de discos avaliados, após cirurgias de remoção de lesões intradurais da coluna vertebral.Background: Degenerative disk disease has been described in the context of postoperative cervical and lumbar decompression procedures, but a scarcity of studies about spinal degenerative changes after intradural tumor surgeries remains. Objective: To describe the frequency and the distribution of degenerative disk disease (DDD) through MRI analysis in patients submitted to intradural spine surgery for tumor removal. Methods: Spinal MRI before and after surgery for removal of intradural extramedullary and intramedullary tumors in patients operated in our center between 29/07/2008 and 30/05/2019 were retrospectively analyzed using the Modified Pfirrmann Grading System (MPGS). Variations were correlated with additional variables, such as age at surgery, time elapsed to last follow-up, number of operated spinal levels, surgical approach, instrumentation and use of radiotherapy. Results: A total of 66 patients were included in our study, 39 female and 27 male. The median age at time of surgery was 48 years (range 3-83), and the median follow-up time was 4.6 years. The median number of levels operated was 2 (1-9). Comparatively, MPGS grading of disks of the same category yielded a significantly higher mean value at follow-up cases in all pairs of disks evaluated (+0.22 to +0.57 on average). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between time after surgery and disk degeneration for caudal limit disks (p = 0.007), and also between the number of intervened levels and MPGS variation for caudal adjacent disks (p = 0.013). There was a trend towards a negative correlation between age at surgery and disk degenerative progression, significant for inner disks (r = -0.347, p = 0.020). Conclusions: Even if relatively modest, there is an undeniable progression of disk degeneration in all groups of disks evaluated after surgery for spinal intradural lesions.
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Trigueira, Anita Lídia Lascasas. "Análise baseada em ressonâncias magnéticas das alterações degenerativas discais de pacientes submetidos a cirurgias com diferentes abordagens para remoção de tumores intradurais da coluna: uma comparação dos achados pré e pós-operatórios." Master's thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/134373.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: A doença degenerativa discal é frequentemente descrita no contexto pós-operatório de procedimentos de descompressão cervical e lombar. No entanto, há uma escassez de estudos sobre alterações degenerativas da coluna vertebral após cirurgias de remoção de tumor intradurais.
Objetivo: Descrever a frequência e a distribuição da doença degenerativa discal (DDD) através da análise de ressonâncias magnéticas em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia a tumores intradurais da coluna.
Métodos: Foram analisadas retrospetivamente, com o Modified Pfirrmann Grading System (MPGS), ressonâncias magnéticas de coluna antes e após a cirurgia de remoção de tumores intradurais, extramedulares e intramedulares, de pacientes operados no nosso serviço entre 29/07/2008 e 30/05/2019.
As variações foram correlacionadas com variáveis adicionais, como a idade na data da cirurgia, o tempo decorrido até ao último registo imagiológico, o número de níveis espinhais operados, a abordagem cirúrgica, procedimentos de instrumentação e tratamento com radioterapia.
Resultados:
Um total de 66 pacientes foram incluídos nosso estudo, 39 mulheres e 27 homens. A mediana da idade no momento da cirurgia foi de 48 anos (variação 3-83), e o tempo mediano de acompanhamento foi de 4,6 anos. O número médio de níveis operados foi de 2 (1-9).
Comparativamente, a classificação MPGS de discos da mesma categoria revelou um valor médio significativamente mais alto em todos os pares de discos avaliados na ressonância magnética mais atual (+0,22 a +0,57 em média).
Foi encontrada uma correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre o tempo de pós-operatório e degeneração discal para discos caudais limite (p = 0,007), e também entre o número de níveis intervencionados e variação de MPGS para discos caudais adjacentes (p = 0,013). Houve tendência para uma correlação negativa entre idade na cirurgia e a progressão degenerativa discal, significativa para os discos internos (r = -0,347, p = 0,020).
Conclusões:
Mesmo que relativamente modesta, há uma progressão inegável da degeneração discal em todos os grupos de discos avaliados, após cirurgias de remoção de lesões intradurais da coluna vertebral.Background: Degenerative disk disease has been described in the context of postoperative cervical and lumbar decompression procedures, but a scarcity of studies about spinal degenerative changes after intradural tumor surgeries remains. Objective: To describe the frequency and the distribution of degenerative disk disease (DDD) through MRI analysis in patients submitted to intradural spine surgery for tumor removal. Methods: Spinal MRI before and after surgery for removal of intradural extramedullary and intramedullary tumors in patients operated in our center between 29/07/2008 and 30/05/2019 were retrospectively analyzed using the Modified Pfirrmann Grading System (MPGS). Variations were correlated with additional variables, such as age at surgery, time elapsed to last follow-up, number of operated spinal levels, surgical approach, instrumentation and use of radiotherapy. Results: A total of 66 patients were included in our study, 39 female and 27 male. The median age at time of surgery was 48 years (range 3-83), and the median follow-up time was 4.6 years. The median number of levels operated was 2 (1-9). Comparatively, MPGS grading of disks of the same category yielded a significantly higher mean value at follow-up cases in all pairs of disks evaluated (+0.22 to +0.57 on average). A statistically significant positive correlation was found between time after surgery and disk degeneration for caudal limit disks (p = 0.007), and also between the number of intervened levels and MPGS variation for caudal adjacent disks (p = 0.013). There was a trend towards a negative correlation between age at surgery and disk degenerative progression, significant for inner disks (r = -0.347, p = 0.020). Conclusions: Even if relatively modest, there is an undeniable progression of disk degeneration in all groups of disks evaluated after surgery for spinal intradural lesions.
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Isidro, Inês Ferreira. "Relação entre a prática de exercício físico e a dor/desconforto da coluna vertebral. Estudo realizado em estudantes universitários de ambos os sexos." Dissertação, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/70439.
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Isidro, Inês Ferreira. "Relação entre a prática de exercício físico e a dor/desconforto da coluna vertebral. Estudo realizado em estudantes universitários de ambos os sexos." Master's thesis, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/70439.
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Rodrigues, Ana Carolina Vieira de Melo Mateus. "Estudo comparativo entre a abordagem à patologia degenerativa da coluna cervical ( Mielopatia e Radiculopatia) No CHP- HGSA e o estado da arte A nível internacional." Dissertação, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/76600.
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Rodrigues, Ana Carolina Vieira de Melo Mateus. "Estudo comparativo entre a abordagem à patologia degenerativa da coluna cervical ( Mielopatia e Radiculopatia) No CHP- HGSA e o estado da arte A nível internacional." Master's thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/76600.
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Costa, Gustavo Franco Ferreira da. "Cymbopogon citratus and its polyphenols as potential phytotherapeutic products: an in vivo approach." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/29994.
Full textAbstract:
Tese de doutoramento em Ciências Farmacêuticas, na especialidade de Farmacognosia e Fitoquímica, apresentada à Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de CoimbraCymbopogon citratus (DC). Stapf (Poaceae), commonly known as lemongrass, is a tropical perennial shrub originated from the Southeast Asia. This plant is reported to possess antifungal, insecticidal, anti-diabetic, anti-septic, anti-mutagenic, anti-carcinogenic activities as well as anti-inflammatory. In fact, aqueous extracts of dried leaves are used all over the year in folk medicine for the treatment of peptic ulcers and inflammatory conditions. Recently, some phenolic compounds, such as luteolin and apigenin glycosides and condensed tannins, were identified and related to both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The purposes of this work were to i) validate an analytical method for quantification of phenolic compounds of C. citratus; ii) study the influence of harvest time and plant quality on the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity; iii) characterize the tannins; iv) validate the traditional uses of lemongrass infusion as anti-inflammatory in vivo; v) obtain a topical formulation to evaluate the phenolic compounds permeation and their anti-inflammatory activity; vi) trace the pharmacokinetic profile of the main phenolic compounds in rats. Three different extracts: infusion (CcI), 50% aqueous ethanol (CcM50%) and ethanol (CcM100%) extracts were prepared and a simple and efficient RP-HPLC-PDA method was successfully validated for simultaneous identification and quantification of phenolic acids and flavonoids. Infusions were also obtained from different harvest dates (April, June, July, August and September) and quality grades (High, Medium and Low). It was verified that the content on polyphenols and the antioxidant capacity of CcI is strongly related with the quality of the plant. The total phenols assay showed a substantial loss from August to September. It was possible to find out the best month to harvest the plant to get the most of each phenolic group: April and June for hydroxycinnamic acids; June and September for flavonoids; June, July and August for tannins. Regardless the group of phenolic compound addressed, its content was always inversely proportional to the degree of leaves ageing. For all tested oxidant species, the high-quality samples exhibited the best antioxidant results. CcI was fractionated by column chromatography and polyphenol-rich fractions, namely phenolic acids (CcPA), flavonoids (CcF) and tannins (CcT) were obtained. CcT was characterized by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MSn, revealing the presence of proanthocyanidin hetero-dimers, along with some common procyanidin dimers. These hetero-dimeric flavan structures have been described for the first time in lemongrass and consist of apigeniflavan or luteoliflavan units linked to a flavanone, either naringenin or eriodictyol, and may occur as aglycone or glycosylated forms. For the in vivo assays, CcI, CcF and CcT were tested. CcI administered before and after ethanol stimulus, significantly reduced the incidence and severity of gastric lesions and, consequently, the ulcer index, corroborating the traditional medicinal use of this plant to ameliorate gastritis and/or peptic ulcers symptoms. On the other hand, CcI, CcF and CcT were orally administered to rats, in order to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect at the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay. The observed effect by CcI (68.24 mg/kg), 82.30% of edema inhibition, was very similar to that obtained by the reference NSAID used (diclofenac, 10 mg/kg), 84.00%. On the other hand, flavonoid (7.42 mg/kg) and the tannin-rich (5.96 mg/kg) fractions significantly contributed for the anti-inflammatory activity on the edema volume (59 and 61%, respectively). The topical anti-inflammatory activity of CcI was also addressed. The results suggest that flavonoids, mainly, luteolin 7-O-neohesperidoside, cassiaoccidentalin B, carlinoside and cynaroside, may contribute to the topical anti-inflammatory effect. CcF (0.6%), CcT (0.3%) and CcF+CcT (0.66%+0.34%) topical formulations were also tested, and the results obtained suggest that tannins and flavonoids also possess a significant activity and that a synergistic mechanism of action may occur. In fact, edema inhibitions of 43%, 47% and 59% were respectively verified, being CcF+CcT effect very close to that of 1% diclofenac (65.9%). Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in plasma, liver and kidney and showed that the compounds present in CcI are not detected in vivo after a single-dose oral administration. In contrary, the metabolites, luteolin 7-O-glucuronide and luteolin 3’-O-sulfate, present at the highest bioavailability, are probably the main responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity previously reported. In conclusion, this work has developed a method to quantify the phenolic compounds contained in C. citratus; pointed the importance of harvesting and storing the plant material, in order to take the maximum advantages from the phenolic compounds use; and demonstrated, in safe doses, its anti-inflammatory activity, using an in vivo approach, which supports the traditional use of lemongrass infusion. Furthermore, C. citratus leaves flavonoids and tannins were highlighted as bioactive compounds, encouraging the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs or nutraceuticals.