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Journal articles on the topic 'Medical ethics – New Zealand'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

MCMILLAN, JOHN, PHILLIPA MALPAS, SIMON WALKER, and MONIQUE JONAS. "Ethics Education in New Zealand Medical Schools." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 27, no. 3 (2018): 470–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096318011700086x.

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Abstract:This article describes the well-developed and long-standing medical ethics teaching programs in both of New Zealand’s medical schools at the University of Otago and the University of Auckland. The programs reflect the awareness that has been increasing as to the important role that ethics education plays in contributing to the “professionalism” and “professional development” in medical curricula.

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Trundle, C. "Medical Anthropology in Aotearoa New Zealand: A Thoughtpiece." Health, Culture and Society 9 (December 8, 2017): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/hcs.2017.241.

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In considering what makes New Zealand unique for medical anthropological focus, this think piece sets out four themes. These reflect New Zealand’s particular historical, political, social and cultural landscape, and reveal the relevance of local scholarship for wider global debates about health. By tracing the neoliberal reform of state healthcare, indigenous approaches to wellbeing, local cultural practices of health, and the complex ethics involved in health and illness, this paper spotlights the opportunities that New Zealand medical anthropology affords us for addressing the important heal

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Vennell, Margaret A. Mcgregor. "Medical Research and Treatment: Ethical Standards in the International Context." Medical Law International 2, no. 1 (1995): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096853329500200101.

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The paper considers the development of Codes of Health Research Ethics. It also considers the need for codes of ethics governing the provision of health care, and its relationship to research ethics. Is there a need for codes to regulate both research and treatment? Should the norms of the International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects (ClaMS) be incorporated into an International Convention which is binding on signatory states. The paper considers the rights of human subjects and patients to be fully informed about the research and treatment. How can the law

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Campbell, A. V. "Teaching medical ethics symposium. Reflections from New Zealand." Journal of Medical Ethics 13, no. 3 (1987): 137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.13.3.137.

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Douglass, Alison, and Ken Daniels. "Posthumous Reproduction: A Consideration of the Medical, Ethical, Cultural, Psychosocial and Legal Perspectives in the New Zealand Context." Medical Law International 5, no. 4 (2002): 259–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096853320200500402.

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This paper describes the development of New Zealand policy on posthumous reproduction in assisted human reproduction. It outlines five perspectives: medical, ethical, cultural, psychosocial and legal and shows the multidisciplinary approach taken by the National Ethics Committee. It is argued that each of these perspectives has important contributions to make to the multidisciplinary approach. The guidelines determined by the Committee are outlined, along with the processes used in arriving at these.

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Wareham, Pauline, Antoinette McCallin, and Kate Diesfeld. "Advance Directives: the New Zealand context." Nursing Ethics 12, no. 4 (2005): 349–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733005ne800oa.

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Advance directives convey consumers’ wishes about accepting or refusing future treatment if they become incompetent. They are designed to communicate a competent consumer’s perspective regarding the preferred treatment, should the consumer later become incompetent. There are associated ethical issues for health practitioners and this article considers the features that are relevant to nurses. In New Zealand, consumers have a legal right to use an advance directive that is not limited to life-prolonging care and includes general health procedures. Concerns may arise regarding a consumer’s compe

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Humphries, Anne, and Martin Woods. "A study of nurses’ ethical climate perceptions." Nursing Ethics 23, no. 3 (2015): 265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733014564101.

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Background: Acting ethically, in accordance with professional and personal moral values, lies at the heart of nursing practice. However, contextual factors, or obstacles within the work environment, can constrain nurses in their ethical practice – hence the importance of the workplace ethical climate. Interest in nurse workplace ethical climates has snowballed in recent years because the ethical climate has emerged as a key variable in the experience of nurse moral distress. Significantly, this study appears to be the first of its kind carried out in New Zealand. Aim/objective: The purpose of

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Torda, Adrienne, and Jack George Mangos. "Medical ethics education in Australian and New Zealand (ANZ) medical schools: a mixed methods study to review how medical ethics is taught in ANZ medical programs." International Journal of Ethics Education 5, no. 2 (2020): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40889-020-00097-w.

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Shipley, Jenny. "Extracts from the New Zealand minister of health's speech to the New Zealand medical association conference. 19 April 1994." Health Care Analysis 3, no. 2 (1995): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02198215.

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Pargiter, Russell, and Sidney Bloch. "The Ethics Committee of a Psychiatric College: Its Procedures and Themes." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 1 (1997): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073802.

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Objective:Ethics committees (ECs) of medical colleges and other medical associations have become part of their professional experience only in recent years. This is probably attributable to such factors as greater professional accountability and informed consumerism. Relatively little is known about the procedures and agendas of such committees. The aim of the present study was to examine the EC of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, with respect to its practices, in order to learn how a medical college grapples with ethical concerns. Methods:Two members of the Colle

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McCallum, Gabrielle B., Catherine A. Byrnes, Peter S. Morris, et al. "Azithromycin to prevent acute lower respiratory infections among Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children (PETAL trial): study protocol for a multicentre, international, double-blind, randomised controlled trial." BMJ Open 15, no. 2 (2025): e097455. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-097455.

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IntroductionAcute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) remain the leading causes of repeated hospitalisations among young disadvantaged Australian and New Zealand First Nations and Timorese children. Severe (hospitalised) and recurrent ALRIs in the first years of life are associated with future chronic lung diseases (eg, bronchiectasis) and impaired lung function. Despite the high burden and long-term consequences of severe ALRIs, clinical, evidence-based and feasible interventions (other than vaccine programmes) that reduce ALRI hospitalisations in children are limited. This randomised contro

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Azariah, Sunita, Peter Saxton, Richard Franklin, Rose Forster, Suzanne Werder, and Renee Jenkins. "NZPrEP Demonstration Project: protocol for an open-label, single-arm trial of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to determine feasibility, acceptability, adverse and behavioural effects of PrEP provision to gay and bisexual men in publicly funded sexual health clinics in Auckland, New Zealand." BMJ Open 9, no. 6 (2019): e026363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026363.

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IntroductionNew Zealand has experienced a rise in HIV diagnoses in recent years and new interventions are required to address this.Methods and analysisNZPrEP (A demonstration project of HIV preexposure prophylaxis in Aotearoa New Zealand) is an open-label, single-arm treatment evaluation study to investigate feasibility, retention, adherence, and clinical and behavioural outcomes of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) provision to gay and bisexual men (GBM) in a publicly funded secondary sexual health service in Auckland, New Zealand. The sample size is 150 GBM. Inclusion criteria were specifi

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McCall Smith, Alexander, and Alan Merry. "Health Care Law: Medical Accountability and the Criminal Law: New Zealand vs the World." Health Care Analysis 4, no. 1 (1996): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1042(199602)4:1<45::aid-hca1170>3.0.co;2-j.

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Mordaunt, Dylan. "Unapproved medicine use by paramedics in New Zealand: a comparative analysis with Australian and United Kingdom frameworks." New Zealand Medical Journal 138, no. 1612 (2025): 47–59. https://doi.org/10.26635/6965.6825.

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aim: To evaluate the regulation of unapproved medicines and its impact on paramedic practice in out-of-hospital settings by comparing regulatory frameworks in New Zealand, the United Kingdom (UK) and Australia. The objective was to propose actionable policy recommendations to improve New Zealand’s current regulatory approach. methods: A comparative analysis was conducted using theoretical frameworks including regulatory theory, public health law, institutionalism, comparative policy analysis and health crisis management. A technical comparison was also undertaken. Data were collected from legi

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Wu, Zhuohan, Brooke Nickel, Farzaneh Boroumand, et al. "Impact of alternative diagnostic labels for melanoma in situ on management choices and psychological outcomes: protocol for an online randomised study." BMJ Open 14, no. 12 (2024): e089558. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089558.

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IntroductionA diagnosis of melanoma in situ presents negligible risk to a person’s lifespan or physical well-being, but existing terminology makes it difficult for patients to distinguish these from higher risk invasive melanomas. This study aims to explore whether using an alternative label for melanoma in situ may influence patients’ management choices and anxiety levels.Methods and analysisThis study is a between-subjects randomised online experiment, using hypothetical scenarios. Following consent, eligible participants will be randomised 1:1:1 to three labels: ‘melanoma in situ’ (control)

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Parlett, Malcolm. "The Excitement Point and Other Matters - Gill Caradoc-Davies interviewed by Malcolm Parlett." British Gestalt Journal 11, no. 1 (2002): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53667/zrek6912.

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"Editor’s Note: In the following interview, conducted by telephone, Gill Caradoc- Davies, psychiatrist, Gestalt therapist and trainer, speaks about her work and her love of Gestalt, and describes the training offered by Gestalt Institute of New Zealand (GINZ), of which she was one of the founders. She talks inter alia about teaching Gestalt to psychiatric registrars, ethics, play and creativity, Maori attitudes to Gestalt therapy, and the need for new thinking about ‘energy’. Gill was born in 1944, in the Northern Transvaal, South Africa. She studied medicine at the University of Cape Town Med

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Semprini, Alex, Joseph Singer, Nicholas Shortt, Irene Braithwaite, and Richard Beasley. "Protocol for a randomised controlled trial of 90% kanuka honey versus 5% aciclovir for the treatment of herpes simplex labialis in the community setting." BMJ Open 7, no. 8 (2017): e017766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017766.

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IntroductionWorldwide, about 90% of people are infected with the herpes simplex virus, 30% of whom will experience recurrent herpes simplex labialis, commonly referred to as ‘cold sores’, which can last up to 10 days. The most common treatment is aciclovir cream which reduces healing time by just half a day compared with no specific treatment. This is a protocol for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to determine the efficacy of medical grade kanuka honey-based topical treatment (Honevo) in reducing the healing time and pain of cold sores, compared with topical aciclovir treatment (Viraban).M

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Pio ONZM, Edwina, and Sakina Ewazi. "The Tampa, Afghan Refugees and New Zealand: A Commentary on the Duty to Protect and Refugee Integration." Journal on Migration and Human Security 11, no. 1 (2023): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23315024231159645.

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New Zealand has a long history of receiving persons in search of safety and security. These populations span Danes fleeing suppression during the German occupation in the 1870s, Jews escaping persecution from Tsarist Russia in the 1880s, Polish orphans during World War II, Asians expelled from Uganda in 1972–73, Vietnamese boat people between 1997 and 1993, and refugees from Afghanistan starting in 2001. New Zealand’s formal refugee resettlement program dates from 1944 with the arrival of the Polish orphans and their caregivers. This commentary discusses a case that builds on this history — Ne

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Chan, Amy Hai Yan, Braden Te Ao, Christina Baggott, et al. "DIGIPREDICT: physiological, behavioural and environmental predictors of asthma attacks—a prospective observational study using digital markers and artificial intelligence—study protocol." BMJ Open Respiratory Research 11, no. 1 (2024): e002275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2023-002275.

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IntroductionAsthma attacks are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality but are preventable in most if detected and treated promptly. However, the changes that occur physiologically and behaviourally in the days and weeks preceding an attack are not always recognised, highlighting a potential role for technology. The aim of this study ‘DIGIPREDICT’ is to identify early digital markers of asthma attacks using sensors embedded in smart devices including watches and inhalers, and leverage health and environmental datasets and artificial intelligence, to develop a risk prediction model to provid

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O'Hagan, Edel, Adrian C. Traeger, Siobhan M. Schabrun, et al. "It’s safe to move! A protocol for a randomised controlled trial investigating the effect of a video designed to increase people’s confidence becoming more active despite back pain." BMJ Open 12, no. 7 (2022): e063250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063250.

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IntroductionSocial media provide promising contemporary platforms for sharing public health information with a broad audience. Before implementation, testing social media campaigns that are intended to engage audiences and initiate behaviour change is necessary. This trial aims to investigate the effectiveness of a public health campaign to increase people’s confidence in becoming more active despite low back pain in comparison with no intervention.Methods and analysisThis is an online randomised controlled trial with two intervention groups and one control group in a 1:1:1 allocation. People

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Henning, Marcus A., Phillipa Malpas, Sanya Ram, et al. "Students' responses to scenarios depicting ethical dilemmas: a study of pharmacy and medical students in New Zealand." Journal of Medical Ethics 42, no. 7 (2016): 466–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2015-103253.

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Woods, Martin. "Balancing Rights and Duties in ‘Life and Death’ Decision Making Involving Children: a role for nurses?" Nursing Ethics 8, no. 5 (2001): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973300100800504.

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In recent years, increasing pressures have been brought to bear upon nurses and others more closely to inform, involve and support the rights of parents or guardians when crucial ‘life and death’ ethical decisions are made on behalf of their seriously ill child. Such decisions can be very painful for all involved, and may easily become deadlocked when there is an apparent clash of moral ideals or values between the medical team and the parents or guardians. This article examines a growing number of such cases in New Zealand and analyses the moral parameters, processes, outcomes and ethical res

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Farquhar, Hamish, Lutz Beckert, Adrienne Edwards, et al. "Rheumatoid interstitial lung disease in Canterbury New Zealand: prevalence, risk factors and long-term outcomes—protocol for a population-based retrospective study." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (2022): e050934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050934.

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IntroductionRheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects approximately 0.5%–1% of the general population. Clinically significant interstitial lung diseases (ILD) develops in just under 10% of people with RA, and subclinical disease is more common. Little is known about RA-ILD in New Zealand (NZ), or the number of persons with RA in Canterbury, NZ. This study aims to determine: (1) incidence and prevalence of RA, (2) incidence and prevalence of RA-ILD, (3) clinical characteristics and risk factors for the development of RA-ILD, (4) long-term outcomes of RA-ILD, in the population resident within the Canter

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Douglas, Katie, Caroline Bell, Sandila Tanveer, Kate Eggleston, Richard Porter, and Joseph Boden. "UNITE Project: understanding neurocognitive impairment after trauma exposure–study protocol of an observational study in Christchurch, New Zealand." BMJ Open 13, no. 8 (2023): e072195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072195.

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IntroductionOur previous research has demonstrated significant cognitive effects of earthquake exposure 2–3 years following the Canterbury earthquake sequence of 2011. Such impairment has major implications for a population trying to recover, and to rebuild, a devastated city. This study aims to examine psychological, cognitive and biological factors that may contribute to subjective cognitive difficulties in a large group of individuals exposed to the Canterbury earthquake sequence.Methods and analysisTwo-hundred earthquake-exposed participants from an existing large cohort study (Christchurc

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Henning, Marcus A., Sanya Ram, Phillipa Malpas, Richard Sisley, Andrea Thompson, and Susan J. Hawken. "Reasons for academic honesty and dishonesty with solutions: a study of pharmacy and medical students in New Zealand." Journal of Medical Ethics 40, no. 10 (2013): 702–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2013-101420.

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Petousis-Harris, Helen, Yannan Jiang, Lennex Yu, et al. "A Retrospective Cohort Study of Safety Outcomes in New Zealand Infants Exposed to Tdap Vaccine in Utero." Vaccines 7, no. 4 (2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7040147.

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We aimed to evaluate the safety of maternal Tdap; thus, we assessed health events by examining the difference in birth and hospital-related outcomes of infants with and without fetal exposure to Tdap. This was a retrospective cohort study using linked administrative datasets. The study population were all live-born infants in New Zealand (NZ) weighing at least 400 g at delivery and born to women who were eligible for the government funded, national-level vaccination program in 2013. Infants were followed from birth up to one year of age. There were a total of 69,389 eligible infants in the coh

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Mariappan, Vijandran, and Firdaus Mukhtar. "Effects of Internet Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and Internet Sleep Hygiene Education on Sleep Quality and Executive Function Among Medical Students in Malaysia: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 13 (December 11, 2024): e59288. https://doi.org/10.2196/59288.

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Background Medical students are frequently affected by poor sleep quality. Since poor sleep quality has negative physiological and psychological consequences such as on executive function, there is an opportunity to improve sleep quality and executive functions using non-pharmacological intervention such as cognitive behavioural therapy. Objective The aim of this study therefore is to determine if improving sleep quality could improve executive functions in medical students with poor sleep quality by comparing cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) with sleep hygiene education (SHE

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Valiani, Arafaat Amin. "Frontiers of Bio-Decolonization: Indigenous Data Sovereignty as a Possible Model for Community-Based Participatory Genomic Health Research for Racialized Peoples in Postgenomic Canada." Genealogy 6, no. 3 (2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy6030068.

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This paper explores the manners in which Indigenous and allied non-Indigenous researchers, medical directors, and knowledge-keepers (among others) extend the ethical precepts and social justice commitments that are inherent in community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to genomics. By means of a genealogical analysis of bioethical discourses, I examine the problem in which genomic science claims to offer potentially beneficial genetic screening tools to Indigenous and racialized peoples who have and continue to struggle with historical health inequity, exploitation, and exclusion

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Gaughwin, Peter C. "A Consideration of the Relationship between the Rules of Court and the Code of Ethics in Forensic Psychiatry." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 38, no. 1-2 (2004): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004867404038001-210.

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Objective To consider the relationship between the Rules of Court for expert witnesses and the revised Ethical Guideline No. 9 and Practice Guideline No. 9 of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) and how this affects the responsibilities that psychiatrists have to a court and to their profession, when they enter the legal arena. Method Literature relevant to the subject, the Federal Court rules relating to expert witnesses and the RANZCP Guidelines are discussed and compared, with examples used to illustrate particular issues that arise from time to time in th

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Verduzco-Aguirre, Haydee Cristina, Brian Shkabari, Daniel A. Goldstein, et al. "Competencies for practicing medical oncology with common sense: A global curricula review." Journal of Clinical Oncology 43, no. 16_suppl (2025): 9018. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.9018.

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9018 Background: The Common Sense Oncology (CSO) movement advocates for high-quality, patient-centered cancer care by emphasizing evidence-based, patient-relevant outcomes and equitable access to care through improved evidence generation, interpretation, and communication. A key part of CSO’s mission is training oncologists to incorporate these principles into their practice. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate how competencies in global postgraduate medical oncology curricula align with CSO principles. Methods: We conducted a document analysis of publicly available postgraduate medical an

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Arnold-Reed, Diane E., Tom Brett, Lakkhina Troeung, et al. "Detection and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia in primary care in Australia: protocol for a pragmatic cluster intervention study with pre-post intervention comparisons." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (2017): e017539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017539.

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IntroductionFamilial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), an autosomal dominant disorder of lipid metabolism, results in accelerated onset of atherosclerosis if left untreated. Lifelong treatment with diet, lifestyle modifications and statins enable a normal lifespan for most patients. Early diagnosis is critical. This protocol trials a primary care-based model of care (MoC) to improve detection and management of FH.Methods and analysisPragmatic cluster intervention study with pre-post intervention comparisons in Australian general practices. At study baseline, current FH detection practice is assessed

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Bullen, James, Brooke Nickel, Kirsten McCaffery, et al. "Impact of the diagnostic label for a low-risk prostate lesion: protocol for two online factorial randomised experiments." BMJ Open 14, no. 8 (2024): e085947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085947.

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Introduction Many types of prostate cancer present minimal risk to a man’s lifespan or well-being, but existing terminology makes it difficult for men to distinguish these from high-risk prostate cancers. This study aims to explore whether using an alternative label for low-risk prostate cancer influences management choice and anxiety levels among Australian men and their partners. Methods and analysis We will run two separate studies for Australian men and Australian women with a male partner. Both studies are between-subjects factorial (3×2) randomised online hypothetical experiments. Follow

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Thom, Ogilvie, Kym Roberts, Peter A. Leggat, Susan Devine, Amy E. Peden, and Richard Charles Franklin. "Addressing gaps in our understanding of the drowning patient: a protocol for the retrospective development of an Utstein style database and multicentre collaboration." BMJ Open 13, no. 2 (2023): e068380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068380.

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IntroductionThis retrospective observational study aims to create a comprehensive database of the circumstances of drowning (including care provided and outcomes of care) to report against the Utstein style for drowning (USFD) for patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). Four areas will be examined: a feasibility study of the USFD; a comparison of classification and prognostication systems; examination of indications and efficacy of different ventilation strategies; and differences in the circumstances, severity, treatment and outcomes of drowning by sex and gender.Methods and ana

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Caperchione, Cristina M., Gregory S. Kolt, Trevor N. Savage, et al. "WALK 2.0: Examining the effectiveness of Web 2.0 features to increase physical activity in a ‘real world’ setting: an ecological trial protocol." BMJ Open 4, no. 10 (2014): e006374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006374.

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IntroductionLow levels of health-enhancing physical activity require novel approaches that have the potential to reach broad populations. Web-based interventions are a popular approach for behaviour change given their wide reach and accessibility. However, challenges with participant engagement and retention reduce the long-term maintenance of behaviour change. Web 2.0 features present a new and innovative online environment supporting greater interactivity, with the potential to increase engagement and retention. In order to understand the applicability of these innovative interventions for t

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Long, Debbie, Vicki A. Anderson, Louise Crossley, et al. "Longitudinal cohort study investigating neurodevelopmental and socioemotional outcomes in school-entry aged children after open heart surgery in Australia and New Zealand: the NITRIC follow-up study protocol." BMJ Open 13, no. 8 (2023): e075429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075429.

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IntroductionDespite growing awareness of neurodevelopmental impairments in children with congenital heart disease (CHD), there is a lack of large, longitudinal, population-based cohorts. Little is known about the contemporary neurodevelopmental profile and the emergence of specific impairments in children with CHD entering school. The performance of standardised screening tools to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes at school age in this high-risk population remains poorly understood. The NITric oxide during cardiopulmonary bypass to improve Recovery in Infants with Congenital heart defects (N

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Jackson, Melissa A., Amanda L. Brown, Amanda L. Baker, Gillian S. Gould, and Adrian J. Dunlop. "The Incentives to Quit tobacco in Pregnancy (IQuiP) protocol: piloting a financial incentive-based smoking treatment for women attending substance use in pregnancy antenatal services." BMJ Open 9, no. 11 (2019): e032330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032330.

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IntroductionWhile tobacco smoking prevalence is falling in many western societies, it remains elevated among high-priority cohorts. Rates up to 95% have been reported in women whose pregnancy is complicated by other substance use. In this group, the potential for poor pregnancy outcomes and adverse physical and neurobiological fetal development are elevated by tobacco smoking. Unfortunately, few targeted and effective tobacco dependence treatments exist to assist cessation in this population. The study will trial an evidence-based, multicomponent tobacco smoking treatment tailored to pregnant

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Lack, Liza, Jill Yielder, and Felicity Goodyear-Smith. "Evaluation of a compulsory reflective group for medical students." Journal of Primary Health Care 11, no. 3 (2019): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hc18030.

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ABSTRACT INTRODUCTIONThe ability to reflect – reflection – taking time to stop, think and evaluate is an important professional skill to develop. AIMTo evaluate a compulsory reflective group activity to determine whether compulsory participation enabled students to constructively share emotional clinical experiences and develop ethical and professional behaviour. METHODSThis was a case study with mixed methodology. Participants were Years 5 and 6 medical students at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. Data collection included pre- and post-reflective group questionnaires with Year 5 and 6

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Chiruta, Victor, Paulina K. Zemla, Pixie Miller, Nicola Santarossa, and John A. Hannan. "Critique of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists Psychedelic Therapy Clinical Memorandum, Dated May 2020." Journal of Medical and Health Studies 2, no. 2 (2021): 145–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2021.2.2.18.

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Objective: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) has positioned itself against medically controlled patient access (at this current time) to 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and psilocybin-assisted therapies in its Therapeutic Use of Psychedelic Substances Clinical Memorandum, May 2020. The main reason given by the RANZCP for its stance is safety concerns. Methods: Every reference in the clinical memorandum (CM) was checked against the original publications used by RANZCP to justify its position. In addition, the search engines Google Scholar, PubMed, S

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Ahmed, Shamim, Mohammed Imrul Hasan, A. M. Quaiyum Rahman, et al. "Prevalence and determinants of anaemia during the second or third trimester of pregnancy in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study protocol." Gates Open Research 8 (March 8, 2024): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.15120.1.

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Background Anaemia in pregnancy remains a critical global health problem and has long-term adverse health outcomes for both the mother and child. In developing countries like Bangladesh, there has been limited progress in reducing the burden of anaemia in pregnancy. This community-based survey will provide insight into the prevalence and determinants of anaemia during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Methods This cross-sectional survey will be conducted in three Upazilas (sub-districts) in rural Bangladesh. A total of 1,500 pregnant women will be recruited in second and third trim

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Charters, Brooke, Kelly Foster, Benjamin Lawton, et al. "On a quest to prevent harm and safeguard paediatric venous catheters – A randomized control trial protocol." Vascular Access 16, no. 3 (2022): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5737/va.v16i3.34.

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Aim: This study will evaluate the most effective peripheral intravenous catheter securement in paediatric emergency departments to reduce catheter failure, healthcare costs, patient distress, and improve satisfaction. Design: A multisite, three-arm, parallel, superiority, randomized controlled trial of 506 children requiring peripheral intravenous catheter in the emergency department. The trial will be reported following CONSORT guidelines, is registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619001026112) and ethics is approved via Children’s Health Queensland Hospital

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Nguyen, Helen, Richard Kha, Bamini Gopinath, Paul Mitchell, and Gerald Liew. "Randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial of fenofibrate for treatment of diabetic macular oedema with economic evaluation (FORTE study): study protocol for a randomised control trial." BMJ Open 14, no. 12 (2024): e089518. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089518.

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IntroductionDiabetic macular oedema (DMO), a serious ocular complication of diabetic retinopathy (DR), is a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide. If left untreated or inadequately treated, DMO can lead to irreversible vision loss and blindness. Intravitreal injections using antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) and laser are the current standard of treatment for DMO. These treatments are costly and invasive and must be repeated over several years with a high service load. Fenofibrate has been shown to reduce the progression of DR. However, there is a lack of high-quality d

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Ferguson, Jessica Jayne Anne, Erin Clarke, Jordan Stanford, Tracy Burrows, Lisa Wood, and Clare Collins. "Dietary metabolome profiles of a Healthy Australian Diet and a Typical Australian Diet: protocol for a randomised cross-over feeding study in Australian adults." BMJ Open 13, no. 7 (2023): e073658. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073658.

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IntroductionTraditional dietary assessment methods such as 24-hour recalls and food frequency questionnaires rely on self-reported data and are prone to error, bias and inaccuracy. Identification of dietary metabolites associated with different dietary patterns can provide objective markers of whole diet patterns that account for metabolism and individual responses to dietary interventions. Additionally, few studies have investigated country-specific healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns using metabolomics. Therefore, the current study aims to identify urinary and plasma metabolites that char

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Norekvål, Tone M., Heather G. Allore, Bjørn Bendz, et al. "Rethinking rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: a protocol of a multicentre cohort study on continuity of care, health literacy, adherence and costs at all care levels (the CONCARDPCI)." BMJ Open 10, no. 2 (2020): e031995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031995.

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IntroductionPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) aims to provide instant relief of symptoms, and improve functional capacity and prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Although patients may experience a quick recovery, continuity of care from hospital to home can be challenging. Within a short time span, patients must adjust their lifestyle, incorporate medications and acquire new support. Thus, CONCARDPCIwill identify bottlenecks in the patient journey from a patient perspective to lay the groundwork for integrated, coherent pathways with innovative modes of healthcare delive

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Mazza, Danielle, Mridula Shankar, Jessica R. Botfield, et al. "Improving rural and regional access to long-acting reversible contraception and medical abortion through nurse-led models of care, task-sharing and telehealth (ORIENT): a protocol for a stepped-wedge pragmatic cluster-randomised controlled trial in Australian general practice." BMJ Open 13, no. 3 (2023): e065137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-065137.

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IntroductionWomen living in rural and regional Australia often experience difficulties in accessing long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) and medical abortion services. Nurse-led models of care can improve access to these services but have not been evaluated in Australian general practice. The primary aim of the ORIENT trial (ImprOving Rural and regIonal accEss to long acting reversible contraceptioN and medical abortion through nurse-led models of care, Tasksharing and telehealth) is to assess the effectiveness of a nurse-led model of care in general practice at increasing uptake of LAR

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Yusuf, Rasaq A., Phoka C. Rathebe, and Wells Utembe. "Study Protocol to Determine Association between Environmental Triggers and Asthma among Children in King Williams Town." Methods and Protocols 4, no. 3 (2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mps4030064.

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Asthma affects over 330 million people worldwide, with relatively higher disease burdens in Australia, New Zealand, Africa, the Middle East, and South America. The symptoms associated with asthma were reported to be prevalent in children from the period of 1993 to 2013, in many low- and middle-income countries, due to changes in environmental conditions, such as domestic lifestyle, and urban and industrial developments. (1) Background: Several studies have also shown that children are prone to a severe type of asthma, because of their narrow respiratory airways and susceptibility to irritation

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Abbot, Samuel Richard, Susanna Proudman, Kelly Hall, and Nicole Williams. "Outcomes of proximal humerus fractures in children: a study protocol for a retrospective cohort study." BMJ Open 12, no. 9 (2022): e062586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062586.

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IntroductionProximal humerus fractures (PHFs) comprise <3% of all fractures in children and adolescents. While it is accepted that minimally displaced PHFs can be treated conservatively, the management of severely displaced PHFs remains controversial, especially in older children. This study will aim to analyse the functional and quality-of-life outcomes of children with PHFs, in order to inform their optimal management.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the outcomes of patients who were diagnosed with a paediatric PHF at the Women’s and Children’s

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Stapinski, Lexine, Kylie Routledge, Mieke Snijder, et al. "A Web-Based Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention Program (Strong & Deadly Futures) for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander School Students: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 11, no. 1 (2022): e34530. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/34530.

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Background There are no available school-based alcohol and drug prevention programs with evidence of effectiveness among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth. To address this, we codeveloped the Strong & Deadly Futures well-being and alcohol and drug prevention program in partnership with an Indigenous creative design agency and 4 Australian schools. Objective This paper presents the protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of Strong & Deadly Futures in reducing alcohol and other drug use and improving well-being among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth. Methods The targe

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Chakravarty, Soumitra, Mohd Khan, Shafali Singh, et al. "A study of the different learning styles of the present first professional MBBS students at United Institute of Medical Sciences, United Medicity, Prayagraj, India." National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology 12, no. 12 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/njppp.2022.12.09441202204112022.

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Background: The study is designed to evaluate the different learning styles of the present first professional MBBS students. Students were requested to complete the visual-aural-read/write-kinesthetic (VARK) questionnaire at VARK-LEARN.COM. Results of the questionnaire were collected by email and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. We found that 68.2% had multimodal learning preferences and 31.7% had single learning preference. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study is to analyze the different learning styles of MBBS 1st year students of United Institute of Medical Sciences, Prayagraj, u

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Gobarani, Rukshar Kaizerali, Michael J. Abramson, Billie Bonevski, et al. "The efficacy and safety of varenicline alone versus in combination with nicotine lozenges for smoking cessation among hospitalised smokers (VANISH): study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled trial." BMJ Open 10, no. 10 (2020): e038184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038184.

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IntroductionSmoking is a leading cause of premature deaths globally. The health benefits of smoking cessation are many. However, majority of quit attempts are unsuccessful. One way to potentially improve success rates is to evaluate new combinations of existing smoking cessation therapies that may work synergistically to decrease the intensity of withdrawal symptoms and cravings.AimsTo evaluate the feasibility, efficacy and safety of the combination of varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) lozenges versus varenicline alone in assisting hospitalised smokers to quit.Methods and anal

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Tuckerman, Jane, Kelly Harper, Thomas R. Sullivan, et al. "Using provider–parent strategies to improve influenza vaccination in children and adolescents with special risk medical conditions: a randomised controlled trial protocol." BMJ Open 12, no. 2 (2022): e053838. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053838.

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IntroductionInfluenza immunisation is a highly cost-effective public health intervention. Despite a comprehensive National Immunisation Program, influenza vaccination in children and adolescents with special risk medical conditions (SRMCs) is suboptimal. Flutext-4U is an innovative, multi-component strategy targeting paediatric hospitals, general practice and parents of children and adolescents with SRMC. The Flutext-4U study aims to assess the impact of Flutext-4U to increase influenza immunisation in children and adolescents with SRMC.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised controlled trial

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