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Journal articles on the topic 'Medical image stacks'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Soh, Jung, Mei Xiao, Thao Do, Oscar Meruvia-Pastor, and Christoph W. Sensen. "Integrative Visualization of Temporally Varying Medical Image Patterns." Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics 8, no. 2 (2011): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jib-2011-161.

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Summary We have developed a tool for the visualization of temporal changes of disease patterns, using stacks of medical images collected in time-series experiments. With this tool, users can generate 3D surface models representing disease patterns and observe changes over time in size, shape, and location of clinically significant image patterns. Statistical measurements of the volume of the observed disease patterns can be performed simultaneously. Spatial data integration occurs through the combination of 2D slices of an image stack into a 3D surface model. Temporal integration occurs throug

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Kowsari, Kamran, Rasoul Sali, Lubaina Ehsan, et al. "HMIC: Hierarchical Medical Image Classification, A Deep Learning Approach." Information 11, no. 6 (2020): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11060318.

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Image classification is central to the big data revolution in medicine. Improved information processing methods for diagnosis and classification of digital medical images have shown to be successful via deep learning approaches. As this field is explored, there are limitations to the performance of traditional supervised classifiers. This paper outlines an approach that is different from the current medical image classification tasks that view the issue as multi-class classification. We performed a hierarchical classification using our Hierarchical Medical Image classification (HMIC) approach.

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Sickert, S., E. Rodner, and J. Denzler. "Semantic volume segmentation with iterative context integration for bio-medical image stacks." Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 26, no. 1 (2016): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1054661816010223.

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Rydell, Christopher, and Joakim Lindblad. "CytoBrowser: a browser-based collaborative annotation platform for whole slide images." F1000Research 10 (March 22, 2021): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.51916.1.

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We present CytoBrowser, an open-source (GPLv3) JavaScript and Node.js driven environment for fast and accessible collaborative online visualization, assessment, and annotation of very large microscopy images, including, but not limited to, z-stacks (focus stacks) of cytology or histology whole slide images. CytoBrowser provides a web-based viewer for high-resolution zoomable images and facilitates easy remote collaboration, with options for joint-view visualization and simultaneous collaborative annotation of very large datasets. It delivers a unique combination of functionalities not found in

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Bengali, Marya, Spencer Goodman, Xiaoying Sun, et al. "Non-invasive intradermal imaging of cystine crystals in cystinosis." PLOS ONE 16, no. 3 (2021): e0247846. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247846.

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Importance Development of noninvasive methodology to reproducibly measure tissue cystine crystal load to assess disease status and guide clinical care in cystinosis, an inherited lysosomal storage disorder characterized by widespread cystine crystal accumulation. Objective To develop an unbiased and semi-automated imaging methodology to quantify dermal cystine crystal accumulation in patients to correlate with disease status. Design, setting and participants 101 participants, 70 patients and 31 healthy controls, were enrolled at the University of California, San Diego, Cystinosis Clinics, Rady

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Kim, Youngkyu, Jeongmin Oh, Seung-Ho Choi, et al. "A Portable Smartphone-Based Laryngoscope System for High-Speed Vocal Cord Imaging of Patients With Throat Disorders: Instrument Validation Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9, no. 6 (2021): e25816. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25816.

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Background Currently, high-speed digital imaging (HSDI), especially endoscopic HSDI, is routinely used for the diagnosis of vocal cord disorders. However, endoscopic HSDI devices are usually large and costly, which limits access to patients in underdeveloped countries and in regions with inadequate medical infrastructure. Modern smartphones have sufficient functionality to process the complex calculations that are required for processing high-resolution images and videos with a high frame rate. Recently, several attempts have been made to integrate medical endoscopes with smartphones to make t

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Walther, Paul, Andrea Bauer, Nadia Wenske, Alberto Catanese, Débora Garrido, and Marion Schneider. "STEM tomography of high-pressure frozen and freeze-substituted cells: a comparison of image stacks obtained at 200 kV or 300 kV." Histochemistry and Cell Biology 150, no. 5 (2018): 545–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00418-018-1727-0.

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Gadosey, Pius Kwao, Yujian Li, Enock Adjei Agyekum, et al. "SD-UNet: Stripping down U-Net for Segmentation of Biomedical Images on Platforms with Low Computational Budgets." Diagnostics 10, no. 2 (2020): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10020110.

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During image segmentation tasks in computer vision, achieving high accuracy performance while requiring fewer computations and faster inference is a big challenge. This is especially important in medical imaging tasks but one metric is usually compromised for the other. To address this problem, this paper presents an extremely fast, small and computationally effective deep neural network called Stripped-Down UNet (SD-UNet), designed for the segmentation of biomedical data on devices with limited computational resources. By making use of depthwise separable convolutions in the entire network, w

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Venkatakrishnan, CJ. "Implant Insertion Torque Load Analysis for Mandible using CBCT Images." World Journal of Dentistry 8, no. 3 (2017): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1435.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Osteoporotic patients require particular attention to their implant site bone quality as an indication of prognosis and may require modified surgical technique Insertion Torque (IT). Aim It is the purpose of this study to test whether IT is significantly correlated with bone density or not, as assessed by the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a group of osteopenic and osteoporotic patients. Materials and methods A total of 30 patients were included in the study. The mandibular second premolar region was chosen as the site of investigation to prevent variability in s

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Eom, Junseong, and Sangjun Moon. "Three-Dimensional High-Resolution Digital Inline Hologram Reconstruction with a Volumetric Deconvolution Method." Sensors 18, no. 9 (2018): 2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18092918.

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The digital in-line holographic microscope (DIHM) was developed for a 2D imaging technology and has recently been adapted to 3D imaging methods, providing new approaches to obtaining volumetric images with both a high resolution and wide field-of-view (FOV), which allows the physical limitations to be overcome. However, during the sectioning process of 3D image generation, the out-of-focus image of the object becomes a significant impediment to obtaining evident 3D features in the 2D sectioning plane of a thick biological sample. Based on phase retrieved high-resolution holographic imaging and

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Zhao, Defang, Dandan Zhu, Jianwei Lu, Ye Luo, and Guokai Zhang. "Synthetic Medical Images Using F&BGAN for Improved Lung Nodules Classification by Multi-Scale VGG16." Symmetry 10, no. 10 (2018): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10100519.

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Lung cancer is one of the highest causes of cancer-related death in both men and women. Therefore, various diagnostic methods for lung nodules classification have been proposed to implement the early detection. Due to the limited amount and diversity of samples, these methods encounter some bottlenecks. In this paper, we intend to develop a method to enlarge the dataset and enhance the performance of pulmonary nodules classification. We propose a data augmentation method based on generative adversarial network (GAN), called Forward and Backward GAN (F&BGAN), which can generate high-quality

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AlZubi, Shadi, Naveed Islam, and Maysam Abbod. "Multiresolution Analysis Using Wavelet, Ridgelet, and Curvelet Transforms for Medical Image Segmentation." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2011 (2011): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/136034.

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The experimental study presented in this paper is aimed at the development of an automatic image segmentation system for classifying region of interest (ROI) in medical images which are obtained from different medical scanners such as PET, CT, or MRI. Multiresolution analysis (MRA) using wavelet, ridgelet, and curvelet transforms has been used in the proposed segmentation system. It is particularly a challenging task to classify cancers in human organs in scanners output using shape or gray-level information; organs shape changes throw different slices in medical stack and the gray-level inten

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Moldovanu, Simona, Lenuta Pană Toporaș, Anjan Biswas, and Luminita Moraru. "Combining Sparse and Dense Features to Improve Multi-Modal Registration for Brain DTI Images." Entropy 22, no. 11 (2020): 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22111299.

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A new solution to overcome the constraints of multimodality medical intra-subject image registration is proposed, using the mutual information (MI) of image histogram-oriented gradients as a new matching criterion. We present a rigid, multi-modal image registration algorithm based on linear transformation and oriented gradients for the alignment of T2-weighted (T2w) images (as a fixed reference) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) (b-values of 500 and 1250 s/mm2) as floating images of three patients to compensate for the motion during the acquisition process. Diffusion MRI is very sensitive to

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Tsuda, A., N. Filipovic, D. Haberthür, et al. "Finite element 3D reconstruction of the pulmonary acinus imaged by synchrotron X-ray tomography." Journal of Applied Physiology 105, no. 3 (2008): 964–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90546.2008.

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The alveolated structure of the pulmonary acinus plays a vital role in gas exchange function. Three-dimensional (3D) analysis of the parenchymal region is fundamental to understanding this structure-function relationship, but only a limited number of attempts have been conducted in the past because of technical limitations. In this study, we developed a new image processing methodology based on finite element (FE) analysis for accurate 3D structural reconstruction of the gas exchange regions of the lung. Stereologically well characterized rat lung samples ( Pediatr Res 53: 72–80, 2003) were im

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Razgulin, A. V., N. G. Iroshnikov, A. V. Larichev, T. E. Romanenko, and A. S. Goncharov. "FOURIER DOMAIN ITERATIVE APPROACH TO OPTICAL SECTIONING OF 3D TRANSLUCENT OBJECTS FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY PURPOSES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W4 (May 10, 2017): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w4-173-2017.

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In this paper we deal with the problem of optical sectioning. This is a post processing step while investigating of 3D translucent medical objects based on rapid refocusing of the imaging system by the adaptive optics technique. Each image, captured in focal plane, can be represented as the sum of in-focus true section and out-of-focus images of the neighboring sections of the depth that are undesirable in the subsequent reconstruction of 3D object. The problem of optical sectioning under consideration is to elaborate a robust approach capable of obtaining a stack of cross section images purif

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Bertocci, Francesco, Andrea Grandoni, and Tatjana Djuric-Rissner. "Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM): A Robust Method for Defect Detection during the Manufacturing Process of Ultrasound Probes for Medical Imaging." Sensors 19, no. 22 (2019): 4868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224868.

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The main aim of this paper is to provide the feasibility of non-destructive testing (NDT) method, such as scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM), for damage detection in ultrasound (US) probes for medical imaging during the manufacturing process. In a highly competitive and demanding electronics and biomedical market, reliable non-destructive methods for quality control and failure analysis of electronic components within multi-layered structures are strongly required. Any robust non-destructive method should be capable of dealing with the complexity of miniaturized assemblies, such as the acousti

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Matthias, Thorsten, Bioh Kim, Gerald Mittendorfer, et al. "300mm Wafer-Level Image Sensor Packaging." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2011, DPC (2011): 000699–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2011dpc-ta33.

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The image sensor market is still showing s tremendous market growth due to applications in consumer electronics, medical, automotive and communication. For a lot of new applications the image sensor packaging is in fact the enabling key technology. The introduction of wafer level packaging a couple of years ago allowed the cost reduction necessary for high volume consumer electronics. Innovative packaging concepts with TSVs and thin dies enable unmatched form factor. Currently scaling image sensor manufacturing and packaging to 300mm is the next big step forward in cost reduction. Wafer level

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Karliuk, Anastasia Viktorivna, Ievgen Arnoldovich Nastenko, Olena Kostiantinivna Nosovets, and Vitalii Olegovich Babenko. "CLASSIFICATION OF BRAIN MRI IMAGES BY USING THE AUTOMATIC SEGMENTATION AND TEXTURE ANALYSIS." Applied Aspects of Information Technology 3, no. 4 (2020): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/aait.04.2020.4.

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Brain tumor is a relatively severe human disease type. Its timely diagnosis and tumor type definition are an actual task in modern medicine. Lately, the segmentation methods on 3D brain images (like computer and magnetic resonance tomography) are used for definition of a certain tumor type. Nevertheless, the segmentation is usually conducted manually, which requires a lot of time and depends on the experience of a doctor. This paper looks at the possibility of creating a method for the automatic segmentation of images. As a training sample, the medical database of MRI brain tomography with thr

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Ma, Jiaying, and Dor Ben-Amotz. "Rapid Micro-Raman Imaging Using Fiber-Bundle Image Compression." Applied Spectroscopy 51, no. 12 (1997): 1845–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702971939668.

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A new technique for rapid Raman imaging and chemical analysis of micro-composites and biomaterials, with potential applications in real-time robotic vision, automated manufacturing, and medical imaging, is described and demonstrated. The key feature of this new instrument is a fiber-optic bundle used to compress two-dimensional images onto a one-dimensional fiber stack, which serves as the entrance slit of an imaging optical spectrograph. Thus a complete Raman spectrum is simultaneously collected from every point within a sample in a single scan of a charge-coupled-device (CCD) detector. The m

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Chantziantoniou, Nikolaos, Maheswari Mukherjee, Amber D. Donnelly, Liron Pantanowitz, and R. Marshall Austin. "Digital Applications in Cytopathology: Problems, Rationalizations, and Alternative Approaches." Acta Cytologica 62, no. 1 (2017): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000484434.

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Objective: The aim of this work was to raise awareness of problems using digital applications for examining, teaching, and applying telecytology at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC), Omaha, NE, USA; and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, USA. The objective was to rationalize problems and propose alternative digital approaches. Study Design: We sought to identify solutions to improve the following: (a) interpretive examination scores at KAMC for complex cytological templates (i.e., high-grade squam

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Wright, Angela M., Debora Smith, Bakula Dhurandhar, et al. "Digital Slide Imaging in Cervicovaginal Cytology: A Pilot Study." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 137, no. 5 (2012): 618–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2012-0430-oa.

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Context.—Digital whole slide imaging is the anticipated future of anatomic pathology, where sign-out of glass slides will be replaced by scanned images. Whole slide imaging has been successfully used in surgical pathology, but its usefulness and clinical application have been limited in cytology for several reasons, including lack of availability of z-axis depth focusing and large file size. Recently, several systems have become available in the United States for whole slide imaging with z-axis technology. Objective.—To determine the accuracy and efficiency of whole slide imaging, as compared

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Navarro, Gabriel, Andrew T. Cheng, Kelly C. Peach, et al. "Image-Based 384-Well High-Throughput Screening Method for the Discovery of Skyllamycins A to C as Biofilm Inhibitors and Inducers of Biofilm Detachment in Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, no. 2 (2013): 1092–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01781-13.

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ABSTRACTTo date, most antibiotics have primarily been developed to target bacteria in the planktonic state. However, biofilm formation allows bacteria to develop tolerance to antibiotics and provides a mechanism to evade innate immune systems. Therefore, there is a significant need to identify small molecules to prevent biofilm formation and, more importantly, to disperse or eradicate preattached biofilms, which are a major source of bacterial persistence in nosocomial infections. We now present a modular high-throughput 384-well image-based screening platform to identifyPseudomonas aeruginosa

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Özkadif, Sema, Emrullah Eken, and İbrahim Kalaycı. "A Three-Dimensional Reconstructive Study of Pelvic Cavity in the New Zealand Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/489854.

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The present study has been performed to reveal biometrical aspects and diameter-related differences in terms of sexes regarding pelvic cavity via three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction by using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images of pelvic cavity of the New Zealand rabbit. A total of 16 adult New Zealand rabbits, including 8 males and 8 females, were used in this study. Under anesthesia, the images obtained from MDCT were stacked and overlaid to reconstruct the 3D model of the pelvic cavity using 3D modeling software (Mimics 13.1). Measurements, such as the conjugate, transverse, an

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Decking, Ulrich K. M., Vinay M. Pai, Eric Bennett, et al. "High-resolution imaging reveals a limit in spatial resolution of blood flow measurements by microspheres." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 3 (2004): H1132—H1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00119.2004.

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Density of 15-μm microspheres after left atrial application is the standard measure of regional perfusion. In the heart, substantial differences in microsphere density are seen at spatial resolutions <5 ml, implying perfusion heterogeneity. Microsphere deposition imaging permits a superior evaluation of the distribution pattern. Therefore, fluorescent microspheres (FMS) were applied, FMS deposition in the canine heart was imaged by epifluorescence microscopy in vitro, and the patterns were observed compared with MR images of iron oxide microspheres (IMS) obtained in vivo and in vitro. FMS d

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Qayyum, Jubaid Abdul, Md Masum Howlader, Md Tamzeed-Al-Alam, Md Saiful Islam, Tahmid Latif, and K. Siddique-e. Rabbani. "An Innovative Low Cost Bone Densitometer Based on Conventional X-Ray Facility." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics 4, no. 1 (2013): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14693.

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Osteoporosis or bone loss affects many people, particularly the aged women, and leads to disabling bone fractures. An early diagnosis could provide preventive management. However, available bone densitometry equipment are very expensive and not available widely in the Third World. The present work presents the design & development of an innovative low cost bone densitometer based on conventional X-ray equipment available widely. The main innovation is the incorporation of a stack of aluminium with varying thickness placed beside the limb of a patient while taking an X-ray image. Then the o

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Bertolini, Michele, Marco Rossoni, and Giorgio Colombo. "Operative Workflow from CT to 3D Printing of the Heart: Opportunities and Challenges." Bioengineering 8, no. 10 (2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8100130.

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Medical images do not provide a natural visualization of 3D anatomical structures, while 3D digital models are able to solve this problem. Interesting applications based on these models can be found in the cardiovascular field. The generation of a good-quality anatomical model of the heart is one of the most complex tasks in this context. Its 3D representation has the potential to provide detailed spatial information concerning the heart’s structure, also offering the opportunity for further investigations if combined with additive manufacturing. When investigated, the adaption of printed mode

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Deckman, H. W., B. F. Flannery, J. H. Dunsmuir, and K. D' Amico. "X-ray microtomography." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 998–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100107058.

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We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of C

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Li, Xiaoshuo, Wenjun Tan, Pan Liu, Qinghua Zhou, and Jinzhu Yang. "Classification of COVID-19 Chest CT Images Based on Ensemble Deep Learning." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (April 20, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5528441.

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Novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become a global pandemic disease, and computed tomography-based (CT) image analysis and recognition are one of the important tools for clinical diagnosis. In order to assist medical personnel to achieve an efficient and fast diagnosis of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia, this paper proposes an assisted diagnosis algorithm based on ensemble deep learning. The method combines the Stacked Generalization ensemble learning with the VGG16 deep learning to form a cascade classifier, and the information constituting the cascade classifier comes from multipl

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Sang, Yu, Jinguang Sun, Dacheng Gao, and Hao Wu. "Noise Attenuation of Seismic Data via Deep Multiscale Fusion Network." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (March 25, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6612346.

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Convolutional neural network- (CNN-) based deep learning (DL) architectures have achieved great success in many fields such as remote sensing, medical image processing, and computer vision. Recently, CNN-based models have also been attempted to solve geophysical problems. This paper presents a noise attenuation method of seismic data via a novel deep learning (DL) architecture, namely, deep multiscale fusion network (MSFN). Firstly, we integrate multiscale fusion (MSF) block to adaptively exploit local signal features at different scales from seismic data. And then, a series of stacked MSF blo

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Al-Shidaifat, AlaaDdin, Sandeep Kumar, Shubhro Chakrabartty, and Hanjung Song. "A Conceptual Investigation at the Interface between Wireless Power Devices and CMOS Neuron IC for Retinal Image Acquisition." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (2020): 6154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186154.

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In this paper, a conceptual investigation of the interface between wireless power devices and a retina complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) neuron integrated circuit (IC) have been presented. The proposed investigation consists of three designs: design-I, design-II, and design-III. Design-I involves a slotted loop monopole antenna as per American National Standards Institute (ANSI) guidelines, which achieve an ultra-wide band ranging from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. The biocompatible antenna is made on silicon-nitride substrate using on-wafer packaging technology and it is used as a receive

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Yogo, Katsunori, Masato Tsuneda, Ryo Horita, et al. "Three-dimensional dose-distribution measurement of therapeutic carbon-ion beams using a ZnS scintillator sheet." Journal of Radiation Research 62, no. 5 (2021): 825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rrab036.

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Abstract The accurate measurement of the 3D dose distribution of carbon-ion beams is essential for safe carbon-ion therapy. Although ionization chambers scanned in a water tank or air are conventionally used for this purpose, these measurement methods are time-consuming. We thus developed a rapid 3D dose-measurement tool that employs a silver-activated zinc sulfide (ZnS) scintillator with lower linear energy transfer (LET) dependence than gadolinium-based (Gd) scintillators; this tool enables the measurement of carbon-ion beams with small corrections. A ZnS scintillator sheet was placed vertic

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Antony, C., C. Cibert, G. Geraud, et al. "The small GTP-binding protein rab6p is distributed from medial Golgi to the trans-Golgi network as determined by a confocal microscopic approach." Journal of Cell Science 103, no. 3 (1992): 785–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.103.3.785.

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A key role in the regulation of membrane traffic is played by the rab proteins, members of a family of ras-related small GTP-binding proteins. This family comprises at least 25 identified members, the intracellular localization of only a few of which has been investigated. rab6p has been shown to be distributed along the exocytic pathway in association with the medial and trans regions of the Golgi apparatus. A confocal laser scanning microscopic (CLSM) approach coupled with image analysis was used to compare the localization of rab6p with selected reference Golgi markers by double immunofluor

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Jin, Jianfeng, Richard T. Jaspers, Gang Wu, Joannes A. M. Korfage, Jenneke Klein-Nulend, and Astrid D. Bakker. "Shear Stress Modulates Osteoblast Cell and Nucleus Morphology and Volume." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 21 (2020): 8361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21218361.

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Mechanical loading preserves bone mass and function—yet, little is known about the cell biological basis behind this preservation. For example, cell and nucleus morphology are critically important for cell function, but how these morphological characteristics are affected by the physiological mechanical loading of bone cells is under-investigated. This study aims to determine the effects of fluid shear stress on cell and nucleus morphology and volume of osteoblasts, and how these effects relate to changes in actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion formation. Mouse calvaria 3T3-E1 (MC3T3-E1) oste

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Waters, Emily A., Andrew W. Bowman, and Sándor J. Kovács. "MRI-determined left ventricular “crescent effect”: a consequence of the slight deviation of contents of the pericardial sack from the constant-volume state." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 288, no. 2 (2005): H848—H853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00744.2004.

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During one cardiac cycle, the volume encompassed by the pericardial sack in healthy subjects remains nearly constant, with a transient ±5% decrease in volume at end systole. This “constant-volume” attribute defines a constraint that the longitudinal versus radial pericardial contour dimension relationship must obey. Using cardiac MRI, we determined the extent to which the constant-volume attribute is valid from four-chamber slices (two-dimensional) compared with three-dimensional volumetric data. We also compared the relative percentage of longitudinal versus radial (short-axis) change in cros

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Munir, Khushboo, Hassan Elahi, Afsheen Ayub, Fabrizio Frezza, and Antonello Rizzi. "Cancer Diagnosis Using Deep Learning: A Bibliographic Review." Cancers 11, no. 9 (2019): 1235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11091235.

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In this paper, we first describe the basics of the field of cancer diagnosis, which includes steps of cancer diagnosis followed by the typical classification methods used by doctors, providing a historical idea of cancer classification techniques to the readers. These methods include Asymmetry, Border, Color and Diameter (ABCD) method, seven-point detection method, Menzies method, and pattern analysis. They are used regularly by doctors for cancer diagnosis, although they are not considered very efficient for obtaining better performance. Moreover, considering all types of audience, the basic

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Lin, Lynlee L., Tarl W. Prow, Anthony P. Raphael, et al. "Microbiopsy engineered for minimally invasive and suture-free sub-millimetre skin sampling." F1000Research 2 (May 2, 2013): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-120.v1.

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We describe the development of a sub-millimetre skin punch biopsy device for painless and suture-free skin sampling for molecular diagnosis and research. Conventional skin punch biopsies range from 2-4 mm in diameter. Local anaesthesia is required and sutures are usually used to close the wound. Our microbiopsy is 0.50 mm wide and 0.20 mm thick. The microbiopsy device is fabricated from three stacked medical grade stainless steel plates tapered to a point and contains a chamber within the centre plate to collect the skin sample. We observed that the application of this device resulted in a 0.2

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Lin, Lynlee L., Tarl W. Prow, Anthony P. Raphael, et al. "Microbiopsy engineered for minimally invasive and suture-free sub-millimetre skin sampling." F1000Research 2 (July 31, 2013): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-120.v2.

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We describe the development of a sub-millimetre skin punch biopsy device for minimally invasive and suture-free skin sampling for molecular diagnosis and research. Conventional skin punch biopsies range from 2-4 mm in diameter. Local anaesthesia is required and sutures are usually used to close the wound. Our microbiopsy is 0.50 mm wide and 0.20 mm thick. The microbiopsy device is fabricated from three stacked medical grade stainless steel plates tapered to a point and contains a chamber within the centre plate to collect the skin sample. We observed that the application of this device resulte

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Lei, Shuangyan, Matthew C. Frank, Donald D. Anderson, and Thomas D. Brown. "A method to represent heterogeneous materials for rapid prototyping: the Matryoshka approach." Rapid Prototyping Journal 20, no. 5 (2014): 390–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-10-2012-0095.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a new method for representing heterogeneous materials using nested STL shells, based, in particular, on the density distributions of human bones. Design/methodology/approach – Nested STL shells, called Matryoshka models, are described, based on their namesake Russian nesting dolls. In this approach, polygonal models, such as STL shells, are “stacked” inside one another to represent different material regions. The Matryoshka model addresses the challenge of representing different densities and different types of bone when reverse engineering fro

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Bishop, T. N., K. P. Bube, R. T. Cutler, et al. "Tomographic determination of velocity and depth in laterally varying media." GEOPHYSICS 50, no. 6 (1985): 903–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1441970.

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Estimation of reflector depth and seismic velocity from seismic reflection data can be formulated as a general inverse problem. The method used to solve this problem is similar to tomographic techniques in medical diagnosis and we refer to it as seismic reflection tomography. Seismic tomography is formulated as an iterative Gauss‐Newton algorithm that produces a velocity‐depth model which minimizes the difference between traveltimes generated by tracing rays through the model and traveltimes measured from the data. The input to the process consists of traveltimes measured from selected events

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P, Vijaya, and Binu D. "Introduction to the Special Issue on Intelligence on Scalable computing for Recent Applications." Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience 21, no. 2 (2020): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12694/scpe.v21i2.1581.

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The special issue has been focussed to overcome the challenges of scalability, which includes size scalability, geographical scalability, administrative scalability, network and synchronous communication limitation, etc.The challenges also emerge with the development of recent applications. Hence this proposal has been planned to handle the scalability issues in recent applications. This special issue invites researchers, engineers, educators, managers, programmers, and users of computers who have particular interests in parallel processing and/or distributed computing and artificial intellige

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Abdullah Farid, Ahmed, Gamal Ibrahim Selim, and Hatem Awad A. Khater. "Applying Artificial Intelligence Techniques to Improve Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease." European Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 3, no. 2 (2020): 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ejest.v3i2.487.

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a significant regular type of dementia that causes damage in brain cells. Early detection of AD acting as an essential role in global health care due to misdiagnosis and sharing many clinical sets with other types of dementia, and costly monitoring the progression of the disease over time by magnetic reasoning imaging (MRI) with consideration of human error in manual reading. Our proposed model in the first stage, apply the medical dataset to a composite hybrid feature selection (CHFS) to extract new features for select the best features to improve the performance o

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Wen, Yin, Bo Zhang, Yuan Lu, Liao Anmou, Du Tianmin, and Lixi Wan. "The Reliability Study of a High density Multi Chip Packaging with Folding Flexible Substrate." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2013, DPC (2013): 001846–969. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2013dpc-tha13.

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In this century, the IC packaging technology continues to make progress at astounding rate to meet the increasing requirements in many fields[1]. High density packaging is normally achieved by using various chip and/or package staking. Due to itsunique bending characteristics, flex substrate has become an ideal candidate for high density 3D packaging, especially applied for the packaging of medical products[2,3]. In this paper, we focus on the process development details of a flexible package, and investigate the main reliability problems through a series of reliability tests. There were three

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Nakazawa, Masaru. "Special Issue on Handling of Flexible Object." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 10, no. 3 (1998): 167–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.1998.p0167.

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It is difficult to introduce highly versatile automation using robots to handling deformable objects such as thread, cloth, wire, long beams, and thin plates in plant production processes, compared to the handling of rigid objects. Office equipment handles deformable objects such as paper and plastic. Problems unique to these objects is caused by speeding up such equipment and demand for upgrading its accuracy. In agriculture and medical care, automatic, intelligent handling of deformable objects such as fruit and animals has long been desired and practical systems sought. Deformable objects w

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Svalkvist, Angelica, Sune Svensson, Tommy Hagberg, and Magnus Båth. "Viewdex 3.0—Recent Development of a Software Application Facilitating Assessment of Image Quality And Observer Performance." Radiation Protection Dosimetry, March 4, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncab014.

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Abstract ViewDEX (Viewer for Digital Evaluation of X-ray Images) is an image viewer compatible with Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) that has been especially designed to facilitate image perception and observer performance studies within medical imaging. The software was first released in 2004 and since then a continuous development has been ongoing. One of the major drawbacks of previous versions of ViewDEX has been that they have lacked functionality enabling the possibility to evaluate multiple images and/or image stacks simultaneously. This functionality is especially

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Paknezhad, Mahsa, Sheng Yang Michael Loh, Yukti Choudhury, et al. "Regional registration of whole slide image stacks containing major histological artifacts." BMC Bioinformatics 21, no. 1 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12859-020-03907-6.

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Abstract Background High resolution 2D whole slide imaging provides rich information about the tissue structure. This information can be a lot richer if these 2D images can be stacked into a 3D tissue volume. A 3D analysis, however, requires accurate reconstruction of the tissue volume from the 2D image stack. This task is not trivial due to the distortions such as tissue tearing, folding and missing at each slide. Performing registration for the whole tissue slices may be adversely affected by distorted tissue regions. Consequently, regional registration is found to be more effective. In this

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Boyle, John J., Arvin Soepriatna, Frederick Damen, et al. "Regularization-Free Strain Mapping in Three Dimensions, With Application to Cardiac Ultrasound." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 141, no. 1 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4041576.

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Quantifying dynamic strain fields from time-resolved volumetric medical imaging and microscopy stacks is a pressing need for radiology and mechanobiology. A critical limitation of all existing techniques is regularization: because these volumetric images are inherently noisy, the current strain mapping techniques must impose either displacement regularization and smoothing that sacrifices spatial resolution, or material property assumptions that presuppose a material model, as in hyperelastic warping. Here, we present, validate, and apply the first three-dimensional (3D) method for estimating

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Boyle, John J., Robert B. Pless, Stavros Thomopoulos, and Guy M. Genin. "Direct Estimation of Surface Strain Fields From a Stereo Vision System." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 142, no. 7 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4045813.

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Abstract Estimating strain on surfaces of deforming three-dimensional (3D) structures is a critical need in experimental mechanics. Although single-camera techniques excel at estimating deformation on a surface parallel to the imaging plane, they are prone to artifact for 3D motion because they cannot distinguish between out-of-plane motion and in-plane dilatation. Multiview (e.g., stereo) camera systems overcome this via a three-step process consisting of: (1) independent surface registration, (2) triangulation to estimate surface displacements, and (3) deformation estimation. However, existi

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Lycke, Roy J., Michael K. Walls, and Sarah Calve. "Computational Modeling of Developing Cartilage Using Experimentally Derived Geometries and Compressive Moduli." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 141, no. 8 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4043208.

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During chondrogenesis, tissue organization changes dramatically. We previously showed that the compressive moduli of chondrocytes increase concomitantly with extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness, suggesting cells were remodeling to adapt to the surrounding environment. Due to the difficulty in analyzing the mechanical response of cells in situ, we sought to create an in silico model that would enable us to investigate why cell and ECM stiffness increased in tandem. The goal of this study was to establish a methodology to segment, quantify, and generate mechanical models of developing cartilage

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Clunie, David A. "DICOM Format and Protocol Standardization—A Core Requirement for Digital Pathology Success." Toxicologic Pathology, October 16, 2020, 019262332096589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623320965893.

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As the use of digital techniques in toxicologic pathology expands, challenges of scalability and interoperability come to the fore. Proprietary formats and closed single-vendor platforms prevail but depend on the availability and maintenance of multiformat conversion libraries. Expedient for small deployments, this is not sustainable at an industrial scale. Primarily known as a standard for radiology, the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard has been evolving to support other specialties since its inception, to become the single ubiquitous standard throughout medical

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Lourenco, A., E. Kerfoot, C. Dibblin, et al. "Automatic estimation of left atrial function from short axis CINE-MRI using machine learning." European Heart Journal 41, Supplement_2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0229.

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Abstract Introduction The importance of atrial mechanical dysfunction in atrial and ventricular pathologies is becoming increasingly recognised. Although machine learning (ML) tools have the ability to automatically estimate atrial function, to date ML techniques have not been used to automatically estimate atrial volumes and functional parameters directly from short axis CINE MRI. Purpose We introduce a convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically segment the left atria (LA) in CINE-MRI. As a demonstration of the clinical utility of this technique, we calculated LA and left ventricular

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