Relevant bibliographies by topics / MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine

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Academic literature on the topic 'MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine"

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Wertlen, L. "Lasers in Medicine." Acupuncture in Medicine 10, no. 1 (May 1992): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/aim.10.1.23.

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Lasers now have a wide variety of medical applications, ranging from the dissolution of coronary artery thrombus to the repair of a detatched retina. The main types of laser in medicine are surgical, photocoagulator, photoradiation therapy, and cold lasers which are used by acupuncturists. Cold lasers act directly on cells to improve healing and reduce inflammation. They are also used as an effective substitute for needling or electrical stimulation.
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Khalkhal, Ensieh, Majid Rezaei-Tavirani, Mohammad Reza Zali, and Zahra Akbari. "The Evaluation of Laser Application in Surgery: A Review Article." Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 10, no. 5 (December 1, 2019): S104—S111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/jlms.2019.s18.

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There are several types of surgeries which use lasers in the operating room. Surgeons use lasers in general surgery or surgical specialties to cut, coagulate, and remove tissue. In modern medicine, the application of laser therapy is an attractive subject due to its minimal invasive effect. Today lasers are widely used in the treatment and diagnosis of many diseases such as various cancers, lithotripsy, ophthalmology, as well as dermatology and beauty procedures. Depending on the type of lasers, the wavelength and the delivery system, most lasers have replaced conventional surgical instruments for better wound healing results. Over time, by using many different tools and devices, new lasers have been created; as a result, they are used in a wide range of medical special cases. In this review, laser applications in surgery and its beneficial effects compared to previous surgeries with the aim of providing appropriate therapeutic and non-invasive solutions with minimal side effects after surgery are investigated.
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Durante, E. J. "The carbon dioxide laser scalpel." Journal of the South African Veterinary Association 62, no. 4 (December 31, 1991): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v62i4.2083.

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The CO₂-laser is currently used as a scalpel by a large number of medical surgeons, but in the field of veterinary surgery, relatively little has been published on the subject. A review of the origin of medical lasers, the basic physics of laser energy production and the characteristics of laser light was therefore considered necessary. This review includes a discussion on how the optical radiation generated by the different lasers is absorbed, the cutting power of the CO₂-laser, and the effect on healing, tensile strength and haemostasis when used in the skin, linea alba and gastrointestinal tract.
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Bennett, Gordon L. "Laser Use in Foot Surgery." Foot & Ankle 10, no. 2 (October 1989): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107110078901000211.

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Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser surgery is rapidly gaining the interest of both the medical practitioner and the general public. Since the first reported use of laser surgery in podiatry in 1980, 23 a large number of laser surgery centers for treatment of foot and ankle disorders have appeared throughout the country. A relative paucity of literature exists about applications of lasers in foot and ankle surgery, and orthopaedic surgery as a whole. This is further compounded by the fact that very few of the existing studies are scientifically significant, either due to inadequate numbers, questionable study design, or a combination of these factors. At the present time, it appears that the only worthwhile application of lasers in foot and ankle surgery is for the treatment of plantar warts that are resistant to more conventional methods of treatment. As more well-controlled studies on the applications of lasers become available, the future of lasers in foot and ankle surgery will become more apparent. The purpose of this study is to present a summary of the use of lasers in orthopaedic foot and ankle surgery. The current clinical applications will be presented, followed by an overview of basic laser physics, laser characteristics and effects on tissue, and laser safety. Because of the growing interest in laser surgery by the medical profession, and the increasing public awareness of this relatively new and exciting technology, it is important that orthopaedic surgeons have a good understanding of laser surgery.
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Colles, M. J. "Medical Lasers – Science and Clinical Practice." Physics Bulletin 37, no. 5 (May 1986): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9112/37/5/028.

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Moseley, H., M. Davison, and D. Allan. "Beam divergence of medical lasers." Physics in Medicine and Biology 30, no. 8 (August 1, 1985): 853–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/30/8/010.

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Wamsley, Christine E., John Hoopman, and Jeffrey M. Kenkel. "Laser and Light-Based Device Education in a Plastic Surgery Residency Program: A Continuing Medical Education Overview." Aesthetic Surgery Journal 41, no. 7 (January 28, 2021): NP973—NP985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjab042.

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Abstract The increasing prevalence of laser use, particularly in plastic surgery, demands education of both practitioners and trainees to ensure efficacy and patient safety. The purpose of this continuing medical education module is to provide the learner with a detailed outline for laser training education for plastic surgery trainees. In this overview, a discussion of the characteristics of light, an introduction to fundamental laser principles, a comparison of lasers and pulsed light systems, and examples of several therapeutic applications for light-based devices in the clinical setting will be presented. Additionally, the 5 parameters necessary for operation of light-based devices, as well as the importance of laser safety education, will be reviewed. We hope this continuing medical education will provide both practicing plastic surgeons and trainees with the proper education on the lasers and pulsed light devices they will use in their clinical practices.
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Yixiong Xu. "Medical Lasers and Their Safe Use." IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine 16, no. 1 (January 1997): 89–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/memb.1997.566162.

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Ferraioli, Armando. "Medical Lasers—Science and Clinical Practice." Journal of Clinical Engineering 13, no. 4 (July 1988): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004669-198807000-00004.

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Sculpher, Mark, Jonathan Michaels, Mike Mckenna, and Julia Minor. "A Cost-Utility Analysis of Laser-Assisted Angioplasty for Peripheral Arterial Occlusions." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 12, no. 1 (1996): 104–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462300009430.

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AbstractDespite the perception of many people that lasers represent the cutting edge of high-technology medicine, this form of medical technology has been subject to relatively little rigorous evaluation. This dearth of research relates particularly to economic evaluation, where there have been few attempts to justify the high cost of laser equipment. This paper details an economic evaluation of the use of laser technology as a secondary adjunct to angioplasty to treat peripheral arterial occlusions. Using data from a range of sources, including a published randomized trial, a cost-utility model is developed to estimate the costs and benefits of the laser, relative to standard angioplasty. The best available data indicate a cost-effective role for the laser, but important areas of uncertainty exist, including the laser's secondary recanalization rate, which has been estimated on the basis of limited numbers of patients. This uncertainty suggests that further research is required before widespread diffusion of the laser for use in this clinical context.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine"

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Hübbert, Laila. "Between the Probe and the Pump : An experimental study on cardiac performance analysis based on Echocardiography, tissue and laser Doppler." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Kardiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-61518.

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Echocardiography is an ultrasound-based bedside, non-invasive and easily available cardiac diagnostic technique visualising the heart’s morphology and function. Quantification of cardiac wall motion can be measured with the tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) modality which provides in humans a high diagnostic capacity to differentiate healthy from diseased myocardium with reduced function. Heart failure, as a consequence of, for example, myocardial or ischaemic heart disease, demands both bedside and intraoperative diagnostic procedures for myocardial functional and perfusion assessment. In the late stages of heart failure cardiac left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) may be the treatment of choice. Such new technologies are commonly evaluated in large animals before application in humans is accepted. With the aim of evaluating TDI´s applicability and feasibility in a large animal model 21 calves (aged 3 months and weight around 70 kg), were studied with colour TDI (Paper I). Analysis was performed either during coronary artery occlusion when the laser Doppler perfusion imaging technique (LDMP) was refined (Paper II), or after implantation of the LVAD, Heart Mate II® (Papers III, IV). All animals were haemodynamically monitored (pressures, flows, heart rate) and ECG was continuously recorded. Transthoracic and epicardial echocardiography (TTE) were performed before and after sternotomy and intraoperatively during experimental progressive heart failure. Heart chamber dimensions, native stroke volume, systolic and diastolic regional basal myocardial peak velocities (cm/s; systolic S´, early diastolic E´, and atrial A´, strain (%), strain rate (s-1) and displacement (mm) were determined. Second harmonic imaging (SHI) was applied in order to better visualise air bubbles (Paper IV). In Paper I compiled baseline values were established before and after sternotomy for central haemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters, including the TDI myocardial motion variables velocity, strain rate, strain and displacement. Blood pressure and heart rate changed significantly after sternotomy, but the TDI derived data did not change significantly. In Paper II we report that movement artifacts of the laser Doppler myocardial perfusion measurements can be reduced, both when myocardium is normally perfused and during coronary occlusion, by using the TDI velocity registrations showing wall motion to be minimal. The optimum interval depends on the application but late systole as well as late diastole is preferred. After LVAD implantation in Paper III the flow characteristics and myocardial motion during variations in afterload TDI show that myocardial velocities decrease concomitantly with myocardial depression and are significantly correlated to native stroke volume, heart rate, systemic arterial resistance and cardiac output, but not with left ventricular size, fractional shortening or pump speed. Echocardiography together with TDI thereby offers additional means for monitoring and quantifying residual myocardial function during LVAD treatment. SHI is superior in the early detection of single air-bubbles in the ascending aorta prior to significant air embolism during manipulation of the LVAD pump speed, as shown in Paper IV. A prompt decrease in size of the left atrium during speed adjustment may be a warning that massive air embolism is imminent whereas the commonly used left atrial pressure not provide the same warning.
The title of article II is in the list of publications "Correlation between laser Doppler perfusion monitoring and myocardial tissue Doppler echocardiography in the beating heart" and in the published article the title is "Myocardial tissue motion influence on laser Doppler perfusion monitoring using tissue Doppler imaging".
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Tagesson, Mattias, and Hedvig Olsson. "In Vitro Evaluation of Laser Induced Fluorescence for Aided Caries Excavation (FACE)." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19807.

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Syfte: att utvärdera tillförlitligheten hos laserinducerad fluorescens som hjälpmedel vid kariesexkavering (FACE), och om FACE kan användas som ett komplement till befintliga kliniska diagnostiska metoder för att bestämma när kariesskadan är färdigexkaverad.Material och metod: två experimentprotokoll utvecklades. Tänder till protokoll I valdes ut från en samling extraherade tänder, och nyextraherade och direkt infrusna tänder ingick i protokoll II. Totalt 43 tänder med dentinkaries exkaverades först efter minimalinvasiv teknik enligt konsensuskriterier för kariesexkavering, och sedan enligt FACE. Ljussonden som användes, D-light Pro, lyste upp kaviteten och vid synlig fluorescens indikerades fortsatt exkavering. Skillnader visualiserades med röntgenologisk subtraktionsanalys vilken möjliggjordes av för studien utvecklad reproducerbar röntgenteknik.Resultat: Inkluderade tänder fluorescerade inte som förväntat, vilket är varför nyextraherade tänder användes i protokoll II. Endast en tand från vardera protokoll fluoroscerade efter initiala exkaveringen. Skillnader syntes i subtraktionsanalysen hos de två tänderna som gick igenom FACE.Slutsats: FACE är inte tillförlitligt för att bestämma slutpunkt för exkavering eftersom missfärgningar markeras, tolkningen av fluorescensen är inte tydligt definierad, samt att FACE missar uppenbara karieslesioner. Dessa tillkortakommanden gör att FACE är potentiellt skadlig och vidare forskning behövs för att FACE ska kunna användas kliniskt.
Aim: to evaluate the reliability of fluorescence aided caries excavation (FACE), and if FACE could be used as a supplement to existing clinical diagnostic methods for determination of the caries excavation endpoint.Material and methods: two procedure protocols were developed. Protocol I with teeth that were collected from a pool of extracted teeth and protocol II with freshly extracted and immediately frozen teeth. In total, 43 extracted teeth with dentin caries lesions underwent initial excavation adhering to consensus criteria on caries removal, followed by FACE. A light probe, D-light Pro, was used to illuminate the cavity, and if fluorescence was seen, further removal was indicated. Differences in excavated tooth substance were visualised by radiographic subtraction analysis utilising a developed reproducible radiograph imaging.Results: Tooth samples were not fluorescing as expected which is why freshly extracted teeth were used in protocol II. Only one tooth in each protocol exhibited fluorescence after initial excavation. The two teeth that underwent FACE did show difference in the subtraction analysis. Conclusions: FACE is not reliable in determining the endpoint of excavation since discolourations are highlighted, the interpretation of the fluorescence is not properly defined, and furthermore, FACE does not highlight all clinically apparent carious lesions. These shortcomings make FACE potentially harmful and further research is needed until FACE should be used in the clinical setting.
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Fredriksson, Ingemar. "Quantitative Laser Doppler Flowmetry." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biomedicinsk instrumentteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-19947.

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Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) is virtually the only non-invasive technique, except for other laser speckle based techniques, that enables estimation of the microcirculatory blood flow. The technique was introduced into the field of biomedical engineering in the 1970s, and a rapid evolvement followed during the 1980s with fiber based systems and improved signal analysis. The first imaging systems were presented in the beginning of the 1990s. Conventional LDF, although unique in many aspects and elegant as a method, is accompanied by a number of limitations that may have reduced the clinical impact of the technique. The analysis model published by Bonner and Nossal in 1981, which is the basis for conventional LDF, is limited to measurements given in arbitrary and relative units, unknown and non-constant measurement volume, non-linearities at increased blood tissue fractions, and a relative average velocity estimate. In this thesis a new LDF analysis method, quantitative LDF, is presented. The method is based on recent models for light-tissue interaction, comprising the current knowledge of tissue structure and optical properties, making it fundamentally different from the Bonner and Nossal model. Furthermore and most importantly, the method eliminates or highly reduces the limitations mentioned above. Central to quantitative LDF is Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of light transport in tissue models, including multiple Doppler shifts by red blood cells (RBC). MC was used in the first proof-of-concept study where the principles of the quantitative LDF were tested using plastic flow phantoms. An optically and physiologically relevant skin model suitable for MC was then developed. MC simulations of that model as well as of homogeneous tissue relevant models were used to evaluate the measurement depth and volume of conventional LDF systems. Moreover, a variance reduction technique enabling the reduction of simulation times in orders of magnitudes for imaging based MC setups was presented. The principle of the quantitative LDF method is to solve the reverse engineering problem of matching measured and calculated Doppler power spectra at two different source-detector separations. The forward problem of calculating the Doppler power spectra from a model is solved by mixing optical Doppler spectra, based on the scattering phase functions and the velocity distribution of the RBC, from various layers in the model and for various amounts of Doppler shifts. The Doppler shift distribution is calculated based on the scattering coefficient of the RBC:s and the path length distribution of the photons in the model, where the latter is given from a few basal MC simulations. When a proper spectral matching is found, via iterative model parameters updates, the absolute measurement data are given directly from the model. The concentration is given in g RBC/100 g tissue, velocities in mm/s, and perfusion in g RBC/100 g tissue × mm/s. The RBC perfusion is separated into three velocity regions, below 1 mm/s, between 1 and 10 mm/s, and above 10 mm/s. Furthermore, the measures are given for a constant output volume of a 3 mm3 half sphere, i.e. within 1.13 mm from the light emitting fiber of the measurement probe. The quantitative LDF method was used in a study on microcirculatory changes in type 2 diabetes. It was concluded that the perfusion response to a local increase in skin temperature, a response that is reduced in diabetes, is a process involving only intermediate and high flow velocities and thus relatively large vessels in the microcirculation. The increased flow in higher velocities was expected, but could not previously be demonstrated with conventional LDF. The lack of increase in low velocity flow indicates a normal metabolic demand during heating. Furthermore, a correlation between the perfusion at low and intermediate flow velocities and diabetes duration was found. Interestingly, these correlations were opposites (negative for the low velocity region and positive for the mediate velocity region). This finding is well in line with the increased shunt flow and reduced nutritive capillary flow that has previously been observed in diabetes.
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McGill, David J. "Current understanding of cutaneous laser treatment : a need for improved outcome and objective methods of assessing results." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25020.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2008.
Title from web page (viewed on Mar. 2, 2009). With: The effect of ambient temperature on capillary vascular malformations / D.J. McGill, I.R. Mackay. British journal of dermatology. 2006: 154, 896-903. With: Capillary vascular malformation response to increased ambient temperature is dependent upon anatomical location / David J. McGill, Iain R. Mackay. Annals of plastic surgery. 2007: 58, 2, 193-199. With: A direct comparison of Pulsed dye, Alexandrite, KTP and ND: YAG lasers and IPL in patients with previously treated capillary malformation / Davis J. McGill, William MacLaren, Iain R. Mackay. Lasers in surgery and medicine. 2008: 9999, 1-9. With: A randomized split-face comparison of facial hair removal with Alexandrite Laser and Intense Pulsed Light System / D.J. McGill ... et al. Lasers in Surgery and medicine. 2007: 39, 767-772. With: Laser hair removal in women with polycystic ovary syndrome / D.J. McGill ... et al. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery. 2007: 60, 426-431. Assessment of burn depth : a prospective, blinded comparison of laser Doppler imaging and videomicroscopy / D.J. McGill ... et al. Burns. 2007: 33, 833-842. Includes bibliographical references.
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Haridoss, Sujithera. "In vivo assessment of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity in breast cancer cells using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) sensor and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM)." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15706.

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Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is essential for cell migration and plays an important role in tumor metastasis. However, the complex intermolecular and intramolecular interactions that regulate FAK activity at the focal adhesion remain unresolved. We have engineered a toolbox of Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) sensors for the assessment of FAK activity in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Major activity of cancerous cells is drastically growth of the cell in an uncontrollable manner in such cases our human anatomy system normally consists of cell growth activity. The important protein involved in cell functionality in the human body is FAK, due to FAK activity, cell motility, proliferation, survival has been managed in the human body hence, it is necessary to investigate the performance ofFAK activity on breast cancer becomes important. In our study, the differences in bleed through between zoom = 1 and for zoom >1 for donor and acceptor was evaluated. There were no significant differences in Pearson correlation coefficient and bleed through coefficient for both the zooms. With recent advances influorescent probes, instrumentation and methodologies, FRET is sure to revolutionize scientific research in the near future.
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Subraian, Jaqueline, and Geer Emelie De. "Low-level laser therapy as a method to improve orthodontic treatment – a systematic review." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19680.

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Långa behandlingstider, recidiv och smärta är fenomen som associeras med ortodontisk behandling. Under senare år har ett flertal studier undersökt terapilaser som en metod för att förbättra ortodontisk behandling i dessa avseenden.Syftena med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att undersöka evidensen för huruvida low-level laser therapy (LLLT) kan fungera som en effektiv metod för att (I) accelerera tandförflyttning, (II) förhindra ortodontisk recidiv eller (III) minska akut smärta vid ortodontisk behandling.Den här systematiska litteraturstudien utfördes i enlighet med riktlinjer från Statens beredning för medicinsk utvärdering, SBU. Vid litteratursökningen i februari 2013 användes databaserna PubMed/Medline samt Cochrane. En kompletterande sökning i Scitation gjordes i oktober 2013. I mars 2014 gjordes en uppdaterad sökning. Två studier där acceleration av tandförflyttning med hjälp av LLLT samt tolv studier där LLLT använts för att minska akut smärta vid ortodontisk behandling hittades. Ingen studie där LLLT använts som metod för att undvika ortodontisk recidiv matchade de givna inklusionskriterierna.Studierna visade på en trend av goda resultat vid användning av LLLT. En ökad tandförflyttningshastighet på omkring 30 % kunde ses samt att försökspersoner rapporterade en smärtreduktion på en numerisk skala, NRS eller en visuell analog skala, VAS. Stor variation kunde ses mellan studierna gällande laserstrålningens olika parametrar och det är uppenbart att det saknas konsensus gällande olika typer av laser, strålningsfrekvens samt styrka.Denna systematiska litteraturstudie föreslår att LLLT kan underlättar den ortodontiska behandlingen genom att minska både behandlingstid och smärta. Inga studier hittades gällande LLLTs inverkan på att minska recidiv. Fler väldesignade undersökningar krävs för att bestämma om low-level laser therapy är en effektiv metod för att förbättra ortodontisk behandling.Denna systematiska litteraturstudie föreslår att evidensen är låg för LLLT som metod för att accelerera ortodontisk tandförflyttning och väldigt låg för LLLT som metod för att minska akut ortodontisk smärta. Ingen studie som uppfyllde givna inklusionskriterier har gjorts gällande LLLTs förmåga att minska ortodontisk recidiv. Detta understryker behovet av forskning med hög kvalitet och större överensstämmelse i både studiedesign och laserschema för att i framtiden kunna bestämma om LLLT är en effektiv metod för att accelerera tandförflyttning, förhindra ortodontisk recidiv eller minska akut ortodontisk smärta hos barn och unga vuxna.
Extensive treatment time, relapse and pain are all phenomena associated with orthodontic treatment. Recently, several studies using laser therapy as a method to improve orthodontic treatment have been carried out to offer a solution to the above presented problems.The objectives of this systematic review were to investigate the level of evidence for low-level laser therapy as an effective method to either (I) accelerate tooth movement, (II) prevent orthodontic relapse or (III) diminish acute pain during orthodontic treatment.The present study was designed according to The Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care. The literature search was performed using PubMed, Medline electronic databases and Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register up to February 2013. An additional search was carried out in Scitation in October 2013. In March 2014 an update search was done. Two studies were found regarding acceleration of tooth movement when using LLLT and twelve studies used LLLT to diminish acute pain. No study on LLLT as a method to prevent orthodontic relapse was found according to given inclusion criteria.The studies showed a trend of good results when using LLLT. Acceleration of approximately 30 % was seen when using LLLT and the subjects reported a lower pain score on numeric rate scale (NRS) or visual analogue scale (VAS) compared to control. The laser regimen was used with a wide range and it is obvious that no consensus has been reached considering different lasers, frequencies and powers.The present systematic review suggests that the quality level of evidence is low for LLLT to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and very low for LLLT to diminish acute orthodontic pain. No study according to given inclusion criteria has been done on LLLTs ability to diminish orthodontic relapse. This emphasises the need for high quality research with consistency in study design and laser schedule to further determine if LLLT is an effective method to accelerate tooth movement, prevent orthodontic relapse or diminish acute pain during orthodontic treatment on children and young adults.
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Medical Jeopardy." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2001. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6999.

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Harvey, Janet. "Behind the medical mask : medical technology and medical power." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1992. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36139/.

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This thesis explores the role of technology as a resource in the structure of medical domination of birth and death, stressing technology's pivotal position at the intersection of control and uncertainty. Based in Intensive Care and Obstetrics (between which the health status of patients diverges sharply), it notes the convergence of technology used and examines the contest for control within the labour process. This includes using technology to facilitate a 'standardized' birth or death; a more retrospectively defensible event. In general, the 'burden of proof' is concluded to lie with those wishing not to intervene rather than the reverse. Given the (cognitively male) biomedical model, mind-body dualism is an assumption embedded in medical technology: this is especially significant in childbirth, where it fractures the woman's ontological experience of giving birth. Its positivistic and pathological emphasis is associated with a reification of processes and a commodification of their 'solution': which becomes located in technology. It is argued that commodification in health provision will increase with the further application of market principles to the NHS. It is concluded that 'uncertainty', endemic to medicine and a possible challenge to control, is proactively manipulated and pressed into the service of medical domination. Technology is used to mask uncertainty and aid the medical profession's control of patients/relatives, and subordinate work groups. A technological fix may be viewed as the opposite to re-discovering societal dreams and myths, however, more paradoxically, it is concluded that dreams and myths have become attached to technology. Thus, the symbolic role of technology is: to provide hope of continued survival (or cure), the veiling of existential uncertainty and the offer of 'absolution' - should all efforts fail (a freedom from guilt in the assurance that "everything possible was tried"). Its 'heroic' project is viewed as an existentially 'masculine' health provision and 'feminized' health care is posited as an alternative.
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Kleine, Klaus. "Micromachining with single mode fibre lasers for medical device production." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/1295/.

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This Thesis is based on several research and development programs to implement the use of fibre lasers in the manufacturing of medical devices like stents and pacemakers. In general, the medical device manufacturing industry has a high demand for laser micromachining applications. The content of the thesis describes laser micromachining of metallic components with single mode fibre lasers. At the started of the research work for this thesis, most laser machining processes used flash-lamp pumped solid-state lasers for those applications. Reliable laser operation and low maintenance are required to meet the yields and up-time requirements for medical devices, such as stent cutting and pacemaker welding. Many lasers for micromachining applications are configured to operate near the diffraction limited beam performance to achieve very small feature sizes. It is challenging to maintain such a laser system performance in a production environment. The fibre laser provides a number of attractive features that could address the needs to maintain high up-time and high yields: • A single mode fibre laser does not require mirror alignment. • Diode pumped fibre lasers reduce maintenance due to eliminating the lamp change. • The compact air-cooled design helps to save expensive clean room space on the production floor. By 2000 the increases in average laser power extended the use of the fibre lasers into industrial applications such as cutting and welding.. The lasers investigated in this thesis generated 50 W to 200 W of laser power, representing the highest power levels commercially available at that time. For the microcutting of medical implants such as stents and guide wires, kerf width and sidewall surface quality are of special interest. Developing processes capable of achieving these criteria was the primary objective of the research described in this thesis. A secondary concern is the heat affected zone created by the laser machining process. Operation conditions to minimize this effect are also discussed in this thesis. Many microwelding applications in the electronics, telecom and medical device industry require smaller and smaller laser joining areas. The quality of a laser welded joint is very dependant on the temporal and spatial parameters of the laser beam. These parameters must be adjusted to match to the processing speed and the materials being welded. Switching continuous wave fibre lasers can achieve the parameters for processes requiring low average power. However the pulse-to-pulse stability can effect the process and has been investigated. Some welding applications require focus spot diameters in the order of 50 μm and pulse energy levels as low as 10 mJ. The fibre laser’s excellent single mode beam quality provides the desired spot size and laser power density. The research summarized in this thesis was performed to prove that fibre lasers are viable tools for micromachining. This thesis compares fibre laser machining results with those using legacy laser processes and describes ways to improve the quality of the fibre laser machining process.
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Blackwelder, Reid B. "Medical Jeopardy Workshop." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1995. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6970.

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Books on the topic "MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine"

1

Jelínková, Helena. Lasers for medical applications: Diagnostics, therapy, and surgery. Oxford: WP/Woodhead Publishing, 2013.

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Sliney, David H. Medical Lasers and Their Safe Use. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1993.

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Sliney, David. Medical lasers and their safe use. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1992.

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L, Trokel Stephen, ed. Medical lasers and their safe use. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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America, Laser Institute of. CMLSOs' best practices in medical laser safety. Orlando, FL: Laser Institute of America, 2012.

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Dorros, Gerald. Understanding lasers: A basic manual for medical practitioners including an extensive bibliography of medical applications. Mt. Kisco, NY: Futura Pub. Co., 1991.

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Tuner, Jan. Laser therapy handbook: A guide for research scientists, doctors, dentists, veterinarians and other interested parties within the medical field. Gra ngesberg: Prima Books, 2007.

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Tuner, Jan. Laser therapy handbook: A guide for research scientists, doctors, dentists, veterinarians and other interested parties within the medical field. Gra ngesberg: Prima Books, 2007.

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Sculpher, Mark J. Final report: Phase II medical laser technology assessment. Uxbridge: Brunel University, Health Economics Research Group, 1994.

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Sroka, Ronald. Medical laser applications and laser-tissue interactions V: 24-26 May 2011, Munich, Germany. Edited by SPIE (Society), Optical Society of America, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Lasermedizin, and German Biophotonics Research Program. Bellingham, Wash: SPIE, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine"

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Barat, Ken. "Laser Safety in Medicine." In Medical Applications of Lasers, 327–61. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0929-5_11.

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Hillrichs, G., and W. Neu. "Optical Fibers for Medical Application of 308 NM Excimer Lasers." In Laser in der Medizin / Laser in Medicine, 299–302. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93548-0_65.

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Jahn, R., K. H. Jungbluth, G. Delling, W. Lierse, and W. Neu. "Direction of Lasers Development Fitting the Medical Requirements in Accident Surgery." In Laser in der Medizin / Laser in Medicine, 297. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93548-0_63.

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Greve, P., F. Frank, G. Hauptmann, K. H. Schönborn, S. Hessel, C. Krampe, A. Roggan, and G. Müller. "Technical Basics of Medical Laser Systems." In Applied Laser Medicine, 129–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18979-1_4.

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Kubo, U., and Y. Hashiahin. "Hollow Light Guide for Medical CO2Laser." In LASER Optoelectronics in Medicine, 49–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72870-9_13.

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Kubo, U., and K. Okada. "Medical Applications of KrF Excimer Laser." In LASER Optoelectronics in Medicine, 27–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72870-9_7.

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Gal, Dov, and Abraham Katzir. "Medical Applications of Silver Halide Optical Fibers." In LASER Optoelectronics in Medicine, 53–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72870-9_14.

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Steiger, E., and W. Uebelacker. "Laser Induced Shock Waves for Medical Applications." In LASER Optoelectronics in Medicine, 369–74. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72870-9_95.

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Goldman, Leon. "The History and Development of the Medical Laser." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 3–7. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1489-9_1.

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Spaniol, St, Chr Schmitz, V. Abraham, N. Ashraf, W. Neuberger, and W. Ertmer. "Diffusing Fiber Tips for High-Power Medical Laser Application." In Laser in der Medizin / Laser in Medicine, 526–29. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80264-5_125.

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Conference papers on the topic "MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine"

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Podoleanu, Adrian G. "Trends in optical coherence tomography applied to medical imaging." In Fifth International Conference on Lasers in Medicine, edited by Carmen Todea, Adrian G. Podoleanu, and Virgil-Florin Duma. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2044393.

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Ortega-Martı́nez, Roberto. "Time-resolved spectroscopic techniques in laser medicine." In The fourth mexican symposium on medical physics. AIP, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1328943.

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Ouimette, Donald R., Sol Nudelman, Thomas Spackman, and Scott Zaccheo. "Laser scanning endoscope for diagnostic medicine." In Medical Imaging '90, Newport Beach, 4-9 Feb 90, edited by Roger H. Schneider. SPIE, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.18789.

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Spigulis, Janis. "Teaching of laser medical topics: Latvian experience." In Laser Florence 2001: a Window on the Laser Medicine World, edited by Leonardo Longo, Alfons G. Hofstetter, Mihail-Lucian Pascu, and Wilhelm R. A. Waidelich. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.486608.

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Gulliya, Kirpal S., James Lester Matthews, Franklin M. Sogandares-Bernal, Billie L. Aronoff, and Millard M. Judy. "Photodynamic research at Baylor University Medical Center Dallas, Texas." In International Conference on Photodynamic Therapy and Laser Medicine, edited by Junheng Li. SPIE, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.136983.

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Schomacker, Kevin T. "Medical applications of laser-induced fluorescence." In Recent Advances in the Uses of Light in Physics, Chemistry, Engineering, and Medicine. SPIE, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2322295.

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Folio, Les Roger, Dwight Fonda, and John Hanson. "Holognostics: Applications of new technologies in holographic medical imaging." In ICALEO® ‘87: Proceedings of the Laser Research in Medicine Conference. Laser Institute of America, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2351/1.5057919.

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Wu, Guangmin, Canbang Zhang, Ling-Yun Zhou, and Yiying Zhou. "Exploration on molecular theory of low-energy laser medical effect." In Third International Conference on Photonics and Imaging in Biology and Medicine, edited by Qingming Luo, Valery V. Tuchin, Min Gu, and Lihong V. Wang. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.546426.

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Apollonov, Victor V., K. V. Konstantinov, and A. A. Sirotkin. "UV diode-pumped solid state laser for medical applications." In Selected Papers from Seventh Internation Conference on Advanced Laser Technologies (ALT'98): Laser Methods in Medicine and Biology, edited by Alexander M. Prokhorov, Vladimir I. Pustovoy, and Genadi P. Kuz'min. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.353118.

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Klimov, Igor V., Ivan A. Shcherbakov, and Vladimir B. Tsvetkov. "Losses in 1.44-μm Nd:YAG laser for medical applications." In Selected Papers from Seventh Internation Conference on Advanced Laser Technologies (ALT'98): Laser Methods in Medicine and Biology, edited by Alexander M. Prokhorov, Vladimir I. Pustovoy, and Genadi P. Kuz'min. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.353122.

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Reports on the topic "MEDICAL / Lasers in Medicine"

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Jacques, S., A. Welch, M. Motamedi, S. Rastegar, F. Tittel, and L. Esterowitz. Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of diode lasers and solid state lasers in medicine. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7028753.

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Bekefi, George. Compact Free Electron Lasers for Medical Applications. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada273609.

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Kessler, Daniel, and Mark McClellan. Medical Liability, Managed Care, and Defensive Medicine. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7537.

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Jacques, S. L., A. J. Welch, M. Motamedi, S. Rastegar, F. Tittel, and L. Esterowitz. Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of diode lasers and solid state lasers in medicine. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10174899.

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Jacques, S. L., A. J. Welch, M. Motamedi, S. Rastegar, F. Tittel, and L. Esterowitz. Diagnostic and therapeutic applications of diode lasers and solid state lasers in medicine. Progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10175356.

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Brahmavar, Suresh M., Fred Hetzel, Patrick Clark, Penny J. Smalley, Cathy Miller, Robert Watkins, Leslie Pollard, Vangie Paschall-Dennis, and Terry LaFrance. Medical Lasers: Quality Control, Safety Standards, and Regulations. AAPM, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.37206/72.

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Beach, R., and M. W. Berns. Lasers for Medicine Final Report CRADA No. TC-0436-93. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1430936.

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Tvaryanas, Anthony P., Genny Maupin, Laurel Lloyd, Katherine Izenour, and Matt Aldag. Air Force Aerospace Medicine Enterprise Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada600225.

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Murphy, Sean L. Transformation of the Air Force Medical Service -The Right Medicine. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada441838.

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Koelsch, Angela A. The Impact of Managed Care on Internal Medicine Graduate Medical Education at Brooke Army Medical Center. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408197.

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