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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medical physics / Dissertations / Theses

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Medical physics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Lazarine, Alexis D. "Medical physics calculations with MCNP: a primer." Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4297.

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The rising desire for individualized medical physics models has sparked a transition from the use of tangible phantoms toward the employment of computational software for medical physics applications. One such computational software for radiation transport modeling is the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) radiation transport code. However, no comprehensive document has been written to introduce the use of the MCNP code for simulating medical physics applications. This document, a primer, addresses this need by leading the medical physics user through the basic use of MCNP and its particular applic

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2

Rolland, Jannick Paule Yvette. "Factors influencing lesion detection in medical imaging." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185096.

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An important goal in medical imaging is the assessment of image quality in a way that relates to clinical efficacy. An objective approach is to evaluate the performance of diagnosis for specific tasks, using ROC analysis. We shall concentrate here on classification tasks. While many factors may confine the performance achieved for these tasks, we shall investigate two main limiting factors: image blurring and object variability. Psychophysical studies followed by ROC analysis are widely used for system assessment, but it is of great practical interest to be able to predict the outcome of psych

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3

Gharama, Huda. "A Planar Lightguide Power Combiner for Medical Applications." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1508173552760426.

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4

Redd, Randall Alex. "Radiation dosimetry and medical physics calculations using MCNP 5." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/467.

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Six radiation dosimetry and medical physics problems were analyzed using a beta version of MCNP 5 as part of an international intercomparison of radiation dosimetry computer codes, sponsored by the European Commission committee on the quality assurance of computational tools in radiation dosimetry. Results have been submitted to the committee, which will perform the inter-code comparison and publish the results independently. A comparison of the beta version of MCNP 5 with MCNP 4C2 is made, as well as a comparison of the new Doppler broadening feature. Comparisons are also made between the

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5

Wang, Yi Zhen 1965. "Photoneutrons and induced activity from medical linear accelerators." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81453.

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This study involves the measurement of the neutron equivalent dose ( NED) and the induced activity produced from medical linear accelerators. For the NED, various parameters such as the profile, field effects and energy responses were studied. The NED in a Solid Water(TM) phantom was measured and a new quantity, the neutron equivalent dose tissue-air ratio (NTAR), was defined and determined. Neutron production for electron beams was also measured. For the induced activity, comparisons were carried out between different linacs, fields and dose rates. The half life and activation saturati

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6

Förster, Fabian Alexander. "Novel CMOS Devices for High Energy Physics and Medical Applications." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670504.

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Els experiments d’alta energia de física (HEP) a col·lisions de partícules demostren la nostra comprensió de l’estructura i la dinàmica de la matèria. Per avançar en el camp, els sistemes d’acceleradors s’actualitzen periòdicament a energies i lluminositats més elevades. Els experiments han de mantenir-se al punt millorant la seva instrumentació de detecció. Els detectors de píxels de silici tenen un paper crític en els experiments HEP. Gràcies a la seva excel·lent resolució de posició, compacitat, velocitat i duresa de la radiació, permeten la reconstrucció de la pista de partícules en entorn

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7

Andrews, Brian. "Computational Solutions for Medical Issues in Ophthalmology." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case15275972120621.

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8

Scannavini, Maria Giulia. "Medical Compton cameras based on semiconductor detectors." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251785.

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9

Ratcliffe, Naomi. "Potential of a compact low energy proton accelertor for medical applications." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2014. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/23711/.

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This thesis explores the potential of a compact low energy (<10MeV) proton accelerator for medical applications such as the production of neutrons for cancer neutron therapy and the production of SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) and PET (Positron Emission Tomography) radioisotopes. During the course of this study the simulation code GEANT4 was used to study yields of these neutrons and isotopes from the typically low threshold high cross-‐section (p,n) reactions. Due to the limits of the current models within GEANT4 some development of a new data-‐driven model for low energ

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10

Lazarus, Graeme Lawrence. "Validation of Monte Carlo-based calculations for small irregularly shaped intra-operative radiotherapy electron beams." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16680.

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11

Hough, Jan K. "Assessment of and improvements to a stereophotogrammetric patient positioning system for proton therapy." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26784.

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Summary in English.<br>Bibliography: pages 125-129.<br>This thesis describes the construction and use of the facemask at the National Accelerator Centre (NAC) as used to both immobilise and position patients for precision proton radiotherapy. The precision achieved using the stereophotogrammetric (SPG) positioning system is measured, and the shortcomings and errors in using the facemask by the SPG system are measured and analysed. The implementation of improvements made to the SPG system is reported upon, and alternative means of both supporting the fiducial markers and immobilising the patien

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12

Bhengu, Khumbulani John. "The use of thermoluminescent dosimeters for In-vivo dosimetry in a fast neutron therapy beam." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2799.

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Bibliography: leaves 72-77.<br>Thermoluminescent detectors (TLD-700) have been investigated for absorbed dose measurements in a p(66)/Be neutron therapy beam at the National Accelerator Centre. Chips were selected based on their reproducibility and chip individual neutron calibration factors were derived. The dose non-linearity was determined in peak 5 and peak 6 and dose non-linearity corrections were performed. The sensitivity of TLD-700 chips with depth and off-axis distance was determined. In-vivo dose measurements were performed on seven patients (9 fields). In the entrance in-vivo dose m

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13

Engel-Hills, Penelope Claire. "Investigation of the barium enema x-ray examination as a significant contributor to the genetically-significant dose from diagnostic radiology." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27128.

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The results of a study conducted by Maree (1995) indicated that the genetically-significant dose (GSD) for the white, female population in South Africa was considerably higher than the GSD for females in Great Britain, France and the United States of America. Further to this finding, Maree's study demonstrated that the barium enema x-ray examination was the major contributor to the GSD for this population group. A study of barium enema examinations was embarked on in order to explain the findings of Maree. The study was designed to include dose-area product measurements on patients having the

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14

Rae, William Ian Duncombe. "Measured dose distributions of iodine-125 sources and the computerised optimisation of their positions in brachytherapy planning." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12732.

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Includes bibliographies.<br>The use of 1-125 seeds in brachytherapy is widespread and becoming increasingly varied. The spatial dose distributions around two types of 1-125 seeds in general use, were measured using a Geiger-Muller chamber. Seeds with the 1-125 adsorbed onto resin spheres had a 10% less anisotropic dose distribution than seeds containing a silver wire with the 1-125 adsorbed onto it. An interpolative method was developed for fast dose calculations taking this anisotropy into account.

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15

Hayward, Robert M. "A Coarse Mesh Transport Method with general source treatment for medical physics." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31696.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: Rahnema, Farzad; Committee Member: Wang, Chris; Committee Member: Zhang, Dingkang. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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16

Pellegrini, Giulio. "Technology development of 3D detectors for high energy physics and medical imaging." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269510.

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17

Barker, Jolene. "APPLICATIONS OF THE BIVARIATE GAMMA DISTRIBUTION IN NUTRITIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MEDICAL PHYSICS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1623.

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In this thesis the utility of a bivariate gamma distribution is explored. In the field of nutritional epidemiology a nutrition density transformation is used to reduce collinearity. This phenomenon will be shown to result due to the independent variables following a bivariate gamma model. In the field of radiation oncology paired comparison of variances is often performed. The bivariate gamma model is also appropriate for fitting correlated variances. A method for simulating bivariate gamma random variables is presented. This method is used to generate data from several bivariate gamma models

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18

Badawi, Ramsey Derek. "Aspects of optimisation and qualification in 3D positron emission tomography." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/aspects-of-optimisation-and-qualification-in-3d-positron-emission-tomography(47a88023-9d6c-453f-aa8d-fcc5b83ae168).html.

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19

Spencer, Richard Glenn Stevens. "31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies of cardiac energetics and function in the perfused rat heart." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17227.

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20

Blackburn, Megan Satterfield. "Numerical benchmarking of a coarse-mesh transport (COMET) method for medical physics applications." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29763.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010.<br>Committee Chair: Farzad Rahnema; Committee Co-Chair: Eric Elder; Committee Member: C.-K. Chris Wang; Committee Member: Rebecca Howell; Committee Member: Sang Cho. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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21

Scacca, Caroline C. "Nanotechnology and its Medical Applications: Focused on Biosensors and Neuro-regeneration." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1240451880.

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22

Tiwary, Ashok. "Approximations to the theory of radiative transfer in dense media appropriate to medical applications." Thesis, University of Essex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336925.

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23

Robson, Kevin John. "Film viewing conditions in x-ray mammography and their effect on observer performance." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247824.

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24

Marques, Jefferson Luiz Brum. "High-resolution electrocardiogram analysis." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263558.

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25

Jones, Elizabeth Anne. "The production and use of proton-induced ultrasoft X-rays." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1988. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1487.

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A 700 keV Van de Graaff accelerator was used to accelerate protons onto solid targets of different light elements to produce ultrasoft, characteristic X-rays (< 5 keV). The proton energies were calibrated using the (p, y) resonances at 633 keV in Aluminium and at 340 and 483 keV in Fluorine. The X-ray emission characteristics of Aluminium, Carbon, Gold, Silicon/Carbon, Silicon/Nitrogen and Titanium/Boron were studied as a function of incident proton energy, angle of inclination of the target (30° - 60° to the proton beam) and angle of detection of the X-rays (40° - 130° to the beam). Detection

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26

Marinos, Nikolas L. "Monte Carlo calculations and measurement of photon beams shaped by multileaf collimators in radiation therapy." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 1999. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1747.

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A model based on Monte Carlo techniques is developed to transport ionising radiation through the radiation head of a 6MV linear accelerator fitted with multileaf collimators Major emphasis is given to the detailed geometrical descriptiqn of the multileaf collimator. The model produces dose distributions in water from photon beams defined by the jaws and the multileaf collimator. The model accounts for contaminant electrons in the photon beam, off-axis x-ray radiation originating at the collimator and the transmission and penumbra effects of the side planes and front face of the leaves in the m

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27

Yao, Zhen. "OPTIMIZING RF AND GRADIENT COILS IN MRI." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1402058570.

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28

Alarady, Mamdooh R. "Characterization of Image Quality between Multi-Slice Computed Tomography and Cone Beam Computed Tomography for Clinical Used Protocols in Radiation Therapy Treatment Planning." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco151080400269082.

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29

Qureshi, Touseef Ahmad. "Extraction of arterial and venous trees from disconnected vessel segments in fundus images." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2016. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/23687/.

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The accurate automated extraction of arterial and venous (AV) trees in fundus images subserves investigation into the correlation of global features of the retinal vasculature with retinal abnormalities. The accurate extraction of AV trees also provides the opportunity to analyse the physiology and hemodynamic of blood flow in retinal vessel trees. A number of common diseases, including Diabetic Retinopathy, Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular diseases, directly affect the morphology of the retinal vasculature. Early detection of these pathologies may prevent vision loss and reduce the risk of

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30

Li, Rong Ding 1967. "Dynamic electron arc therapy with the Clinac-21EX linac." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=101603.

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Electron arc therapy is the treatment modality for superficial tumors involving large curved surfaces. At the McGill University Health Centre, the characteristic angle beta concept was developed for the dosimetry and treatment planning of electron arc therapy. In this work, this concept was verified in dynamic mode with the new generation linac of Varian(TM), the Clinac-21 EX.<br>Radial PDDs were measured for beta angles varying from 60º--120º of electron arc beams with energies of 6 MeV, 9 MeV, and 12 MeV and 2-D isodose distributions of electron arc beams were studied as well. Dose penumbral

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31

Sperling, Nicholas Niven. "A Novel Algorithm for the Reconstruction of an Entrance Beam Fluence from Treatment Exit Patient Portal Dosimetry Images." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1384521982.

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32

Satterfield, Megan E. "Application of a heterogeneous coarse-mesh transport method (COMET) to radiation therapy problems." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11192006-213749/.

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33

Kalita, Spartak A. "Transfer of students' learning about x-rays and computer-assisted tomography from physics to medical imaging." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1052.

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34

Greer, Peter Brian. "A dual assembly multileaf collimator for radiotherapy." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg81659.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 241-250. A multileaf collimator for radiation therapy has been designed that splits each leaf bank into two vertically displaced assemblies or levels with each level consisting of alternate leaves and leaf spaces. The radiation profiles transmitted for image formation through the collimator design were investigated to examine their dependence on the collimator design features.

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35

Cetnar, Ashley. "Valued Discourse in Oral Examinations for Medical Physicists." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1606920639129938.

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36

Ecabert, Olivier [Verfasser]. "Segmentation and Physics-Based Modeling of Medical Images for Brain Shift Compensation / Olivier Ecabert." Aachen : Shaker, 2004. http://d-nb.info/117054584X/34.

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37

Yavuzkanat, Nuray. "Development of novel scintillation detection techniques for use in nuclear physics and medical applications." Thesis, University of York, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12651/.

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This thesis describes the practical application of scintillation detector techniques and focuses on how to enhance their potential for use in the new concept spectroscopy method called HELIOS, combination of the magnetic resonance image (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) called PET-MRI system, and other medical applications. Optically coupled LaBr3(Ce) with Hamamatsu avalanche photomultiplier first tested inside a (nearly) 1T magnetic field, resulting in the field does not have an adverse impact on the performance of the detector. A magnetic resonance image was also successfully obta

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38

Bugno, Jacob R. "Development and Implementation of a GafChromic EBT In-Vivo Personal Dosimetry System." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1222876677.

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39

Williams, Eric. "Dose Modification Factor Analysis of Multi-Lumen Brachytherapy Applicator with Monte Carlo Simulation." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1352570600.

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40

Stambaugh, Cassandra. "The Evaluation and Study of Modern Radiation Dosimetry Methods as Applied to Advanced Radiation Therapy Treatments Using Intensity Modulated Megavoltage Photon Beams." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5587.

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The purpose of this work is to evaluate quasi-3D arrays for use with intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and to determine their clinical relevance. This is achieved using a Delta4 from Scandidos and ArcCheck from Sun Nuclear and the associated software. While certain aspects of these devices and software have been previously evaluated, the main goal of this work is to evaluate the new aspects, such as reconstructing dose on a patient CT set, and extending the capabilities. This includes the capability to reconstruct the dose based on a helic

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41

Hegi-Johnson, Fiona. "Let there be light: Harnessing the power of new imaging technologies to improve outcomes for lung cancer radiotherapy patients." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20169.

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This thesis is an attempt to develop a formal evaluation framework to bridge the gap between the traditional clinical trial approach for evaluating new radiotherapy technologies and an implementation driven model in which new technologies are implemented in clinical practice with little planned evaluation. The opening chapter describes the requirements for state-of-the-art lung cancer radiotherapy, and is followed by a chapter reviewing the evidence for and evaluating stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy in a phase II trial. Two novel imaging technologies are described and evaluated: CT v

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42

Brown, Oliver. "Novel dissymmetric copper bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes for medical diagnostic imaging by positron emission tomography." Thesis, University of Kent, 2015. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/53590/.

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Bis(thiosemicarbazone) ligand derivatives and their metal complexes have long been of interest as they have applications as anticonvulsants, super-oxide dismutase-like radical scavengers, in the investigation of Alzheimer’s disease and diagnostic imaging. Copper (II) bis(thiosemicarbazone) derivatives have been used extensively in the imaging of oxygen deficient (hypoxic) cells for the detection and imaging of cancerous tissues and heart disease via Positron Emission Tomography (PET). It is possible to fine tune the bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes redox potentials and lipophilicity by alterin

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43

Liang, Kaidi. "Fibre Optics Approach to Dosimetry." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Physics, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8957.

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Dosimetry is the methodology of determining the amount of radiation energy imparted in matter and volume. Although several techniques and devices are available for use in both laboratory and clinical settings, most rely on certain conditions, assumptions and approximations to convert the energy into radiation dose. The many uncertainties from current techniques are introduced due to the material differences between the sensitive detector volume and the phantom material, typically water. The aim of this thesis is to use the water sample itself to detect the amount of radiation energy that has b

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44

Soltaninejad, Mohammadreza. "Supervised learning-based multimodal MRI brain image analysis." Thesis, University of Lincoln, 2017. http://eprints.lincoln.ac.uk/30883/.

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Medical imaging plays an important role in clinical procedures related to cancer, such as diagnosis, treatment selection, and therapy response evaluation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most popular acquisition modalities which is widely used in brain tumour analysis and can be acquired with different acquisition protocols, e.g. conventional and advanced. Automated segmentation of brain tumours in MR images is a difficult task due to their high variation in size, shape and appearance. Although many studies have been conducted, it still remains a challenging task and improving a

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45

Saunders, Jessica. "Secondary prompt gamma-rays to improve proton range verification." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55003.

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The goal of this research is to evaluate the secondary prompt gamma (PG) yield from proton therapy at high characteristic energies from MC model simulations and experimental data. Recent studies indicate that target composition influences PG characteristic energy and yield, and the quantification of PG may be used to offer real-time dose verification for proton therapy. In this study PG analysis was performed for MC simulations to evaluate the characteristic measurements and total yield of secondary PG emitted from a target in the 0-8 MeV range from a proton therapy beam over a range of four

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46

Gill, Sukhdeep Kaur. "A Study of Evaluation of Optimal PTV Margins for Patients Receiving Prostate IGRT based on CBCT Data Dose Calculation." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1404732511.

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47

Liang, Chen. "Design of miniature microscope objective optics for biomedical imaging." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280105.

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The topic of this dissertation is on the design and construction of miniature microscope objective optics. The design of miniature microscope objective is both similar and different from conventional microscope objective. The design and construction of two miniature microscope objectives are presented in this dissertation. The first one is a high numerical aperture (NA), water-immersion objective and it is a part of a fiber confocal reflectance microscope (FCRM). The second one is a moderate NA dry objective and it is a part of a miniature microscope array (MMA). The capability, complexity and

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48

Lee, Junwon. "The development of a miniature imaging system: Design, fabrication and metrology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289892.

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The topic of dissertation is on the development of a miniature imaging device named as multi-modal miniature microscope [a.k.a. 4M Device]. Generally speaking, the development of an optical imaging device involves three main processes: optical design, fabrication and metrology. They are interdependent and often comprise a feedback loop. This dissertation will address these three processes sequentially. The 4M device is miniature compound microscope consisting of miniature optics, electronic imaging device, and mechanical device. Every component is integrated on single silicon substrate. The ma

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49

Greer, Andrew I. M. "Nanopatterning strategies for titanium based medical implants." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5756/.

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This thesis documents the work of Andrew I. M. Greer undertaken for the fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The project, funded by the EPSRC and MRC, is to develop a nanofabrication processing strategy compatible with titanium based orthopaedic implants. Such a development will facilitate the translation from current and historical in vitro analysis of cell-stimulating nanotopographical cues to in vivo studies upon an implant relevant material. The work presented opens by summarising the social motives and consequences before contextualising the project aims

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50

Badal, Soler Andreu. "Development of advanced geometric models and acceleration techniques for Monte Carlo simulation in Medical Physics." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6615.

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Els programes de simulació Monte Carlo de caràcter general s'utilitzen actualment en una gran varietat d'aplicacions.<br/>Tot i això, els models geomètrics implementats en la majoria de programes imposen certes limitacions a la forma dels objectes que es poden definir. Aquests models no són adequats per descriure les superfícies arbitràries que es troben en estructures anatòmiques o en certs aparells mèdics i, conseqüentment, algunes aplicacions que requereixen l'ús de models geomètrics molt detallats no poden ser acuradament estudiades amb aquests programes.<br/>L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi doct

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