Academic literature on the topic 'Medical screening – Nigeria'
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Journal articles on the topic "Medical screening – Nigeria"
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Sharma, Avinash, Olusegun Isaac Alatise, Kelli O'Connell, Samson Gbenga Ogunleye, Adewale Abdulwasiu Aderounmu, Marquerite L. Samson, Funmilola Wuraola, Olalekan Olasehinde, T. Peter Kingham, and Mengmeng Du. "Healthcare utilisation, cancer screening and potential barriers to accessing cancer care in rural South West Nigeria: a cross-sectional study." BMJ Open 11, no. 7 (July 2021): e040352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040352.
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Background/aimsCancer burden is predicted to double by 2030 in sub-Saharan Africa; access to healthcare services for cancer management is a priority in the region. In Nigeria, National Cancer Control Plan aims to ensure >50% cancer screening of eligible populations by 2022 for all Nigerians. We describe healthcare utilisation, cancer screening activities and potential barriers to accessing cancer care within an understudied rural community-based adult population in South West Nigeria.MethodsIn April 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional study of community-based adults (>18 years) ~130 km east of Ibadan, 250 km from Lagos in Osun State, South West Nigeria. Participants completed a face-to-face survey in local dialect. We used a questionnaire to assess demographics, health status, income, medical expenditures, doctor visits and cancer screening history.ResultsWe enrolled 346 individuals: with median age of 52 years and 75% women. Of the entire cohort, 4% had medical insurance. 46% reported a major medical cost in the last year. Cancer screening activities were infrequent in eligible participants: 1.5% reported having had cervical cancer screening, 3.3% mammogram and 5% colonoscopy screening. Cancer screening assessment was less frequent in those with less income and lower education levels. Using a multivariable logistic regression model including personal income, insurance status and education, higher personal income was associated with more cancer screening activity (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.7, p<0.01). Despite this, most individuals had contact with a primary healthcare doctor (52% in the last year), and over 70% access to radio and TV suggesting the opportunity to expand community-based screening interventions and awareness exists.ConclusionsDespite national increases in cancer cases, we highlight a deficiency in cancer screening and universal healthcare coverage within a community-based adult Nigerian population. Subject to availability of governmental resources, increasing financial risk protection, awareness and targeted resource allocation may help expand access in Nigeria.
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Olowokere, Idowu Emmanuel, and Olumuyiwa Adebola Roberts. "Male workers’ influence on partners uptake of pap smear screening in a teaching hospital in Nigeria." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 5606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.5606.
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5606 Background: Cervical cancer remains a major global health issue still claiming the lives of African women despite the availability of screening facilities. Male involvement has paid off in enhancing uptake of contraception in Africa as reported by several empirical studies. It may be worthwhile in encouraging women uptake of the screening services. This formed the basis for this study. Methods: The study adopted a cross sectional descriptive survey that involved 350 respondents. Their involvement was assessed using a structured questionnaire with cronbach reliability coefficient of 0.78. The study was analyzed using SPSS version 16 by computing the frequency, means and standard deviations. Chi-square was employed to test the significance of associations at p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that all (n = 350) male medical staff of the hospital were aware about cervical cancer and pap smear screening test for premalignant lesions of the cervix compared to 90% and 77% observed in paramedics and non-medical groups respectively. At least, an episode of Pap smear screening test had been done by the partners of 52.4% of the medical staff; while only 30.2% and 13% of the partners of paramedics and non-medical workers respectively had undergone the test. Among those whose partners had participated in screening; 78.9% (n = 95) of the men initiated the screening. Eighty two percent (82%, n = 95) paid for their wives’ transportation while 78.9% (n = 95) have at least once followed their partners to the screening centre. Chi square result showed that men with higher level of education are likely to support their partners to participate in screening for cervical cancer (p < 0.005). There was no significant association between religion and male support for Pap smear uptake (p < 0.407). Conclusions: The study showed that the medical male workers were more involved in facilitating partners screening for cervical cancer. This may not be unconnected with their knowledge of the consequences of late identification of the disease. The study therefore concluded that knowledge of cervical cancer and its consequences by men will enhance their involvement in encouraging partners to utilize screening facilities.
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Onwuka, C., C. Umezurike, C. E. Hendricks, and K. Eguzo. "Religious Gathering as a Tool for Collaborative Cervical Cancer Prevention: Report From Nigeria." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 137s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.75900.
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Background and context: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and a leading cause of mortality affecting Nigerian women. There is prevalent ignorance about the disease and reduced access to screening services in Nigeria due to a variety of reasons. Many religious leaders often view cancer as evil, thus perpetuating a culture of fear and denial. Religious events have been used to promote health awareness and access to preventive services in Nigeria, but not usually for cancer screening. A cancer survivor might use a religious event to provide a strong avenue for improving cancer awareness and access to screening. Aim: Report describes a successful collaborative integration of cervical cancer screening into a religious event led by a breast cancer survivor. Strategy/Tactics: The 2018 Annual Women's Gospel Forum at Susanna Homes was used by a cancer survivor to teach women about cervical cancer and early diagnosis. Information was circulated among the Church of Christ fellowship in southern Nigeria. Program/Policy process: A medical team (gynecologist and pathologist) provided free cancer screening to consenting women using Papanicolaou test VIA simultaneously, with Pap preceding VIA. All smears were handled according to standard protocol and the findings were classified using the Bethesda system for reporting Papanicolaou test. Participants were taught about cervical cancer, counseled on screening and follow-up care prior to consent. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Outcomes: Seventy-nine women at the event consented to the screening. The average participant was aged 51 years, but 90.6% (58/64) were above 30 years. Most (92.4%; 73/79) women were negative for squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs), and six women had a low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). The prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology in this outreach was 7.6% (6/79), and mostly affected women aged 61-60 years. Table 1 describes the Papanicolaou test results. The result of VIA was recorded as positive or negative. What was learned: Participants provided positive feedback regarding integrating cervical cancer screening into a religious event, as it improved access and addressed ignorance. Leadership by a cancer survivor helped demystify the disease and encouraged women to be screened. Having a pathologist on site improved slides quality and reporting turn-around time. Project shows that collaboration between clinicians and religious leaders can improve cancer prevention. More physicians should be trained to provide these services and collaborate with community/religious organizations to provide screening outside of the clinical setting.[Table: see text]
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Awosan, Kehinde Joseph, Edzu Usman Yunusa, Ngwobia Peter Agwu, and Suleiman Taofiq. "Knowledge of prostate cancer and screening practices among men in Sokoto, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, no. 6 (October 29, 2018): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v9i6.20751.
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Background: Halting the rising burden of prostate cancer across the globe has become a major public health challenge with the absence of intellectual consensus on the effective strategies for its prevention. However, knowledge of the disease and uptake of prostate cancer screening remain indispensable in mitigating the dire consequences of the prevalent late presentation of patients with the disease in sub-Saharan Africa.Aims and Objectives: This study was designed with an aim to assess prostate cancer knowledge and screening practices among men in Sokoto, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 participants (selected by systematic sampling technique) attending the medical and surgical outpatient clinics of UDUTH, Sokoto, Nigeria. Data were collected with a pretested, structured questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20 computer software.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 53.13 ± 7.92 years. Only 15 (5.0%) and 4 (1.3%) of the 300 respondents were aware of prostate cancer and prostate cancer screening respectively. Most of the respondents (95.0%) had poor knowledge of prostate cancer, and none of them have ever had a prostate cancer screening test done, with the most commonly cited reason being lack of awareness (98.6%).Conclusion: This study showed poor knowledge of prostate cancer and zero uptake of prostate cancer screening among the participants. These findings highlight the need for government and healthcare providers to sensitize the public on prostate cancer and its prevention, in addition to facilitating unrestricted access of those at risk to prostate cancer screening services.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 51-56
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Oyekale, Rahmat A., O. Abimbola Oluwatosin, and Olaide B. Edet. "Predictors of uptake of cervical cancer screening among nurses in Ogbomoso, Nigeria." African Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health 15, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ajmw.2019.0039.
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Background/Aims More than one million women are currently living with cervical cancer. Approximately 311 000 deaths were attributed to the disease in 2018, with the majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries, like Nigeria. Cervical cancer screening has been consistently shown to be effective in reducing the occurrence of new cases of cervical cancer and mortality related to the disease. This study aimed to determine the predictors of cervical cancer screening among nurses in Ogbomoso, Oyo State. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which used a structured pretested questionnaire to collect data from 230 nurses randomly selected from two settings in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and logistic regression. Results All participants had heard of cervical cancer and its screening measures. More than half of the respondents (68.7%) had never submitted for screening. The respondents reported factors such as lack of facilities (77.0%), financial status (76.5%), lack of awareness (75.7%), inconvenient screening time (75.7%) and level of education (71.7%) as influencers of use of cervical cancer screening. Logistic regression analysis showed marital status was significantly related to cervical cancer screening usage (P=0.047). Conclusions Good knowledge of nurses on cervical cancer screening does not translate to uptake of screening services. It is recommended that cervical and other cancer screening services should be included in the pre-employment medical examination of nurses to compel usage of screening services.
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Adeniyi, B. O., O. S. Ilesanmi, A. M. Adebayo, A. O. Kareem, O. A. Junaid, A. O. Adeniji, and G. E. Erhabor. "Assessment of risk of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome among patients attending a medical outpatient clinic in a tertiary health facility in South-West Nigeria." South African Respiratory Journal 21, no. 1 (October 21, 2015): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/sarj.7740.
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<p><strong>Background</strong>. Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. However, there are few studies from Nigeria that have evaluated the prevalence of OSAS in medical outpatient clinics.</p><p><strong>Objective</strong>. To determine the degree of the risk of OSAS among patients attending the medical outpatient clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Owo, South-West Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 208 medical outpatients using the Berlin questionnaire and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS).</p><p><strong>Results</strong>. The mean (standard deviation) age of participants was 53.8 (16.5) years, 110 (52.9%) were female, and 73.1% of participants had a high likelihood of sleep-disordered breathing (HSDB). Subjects with a high body mass index (BMI) were more likely to have sleep -disordered breathing when compared with those with a normal BMI (26 (96.3%) v. 7 (29.2%), p<0.001). The respondents with multiple primary morbidities were about 24 times more likely to have HSDB compared with respondents with a single morbidity (p=0.009). The odds of having HSDB was 16 times greater in those with hypertension compared with patients with asthma (odds ratio 16, 95% confidence interval 3 - 83, p=0.001). The Berlin questionnaire and the ESS were useful screening tools in the Nigerian setting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> In resource-poor settings in Africa, where there is an emphasis on screening and treating diseases of poverty, patients with medical conditions such as high BMI and hypertension should be screened for OSAS.</p>
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Chinawa, A. T., J. M. Chinawa, E. Aniwada, Oge Amadi, A. C. Ndukuba, and S. N. Uwaezuoke. "Spectrum of Anxiety Disorders Among Medical Students in a Nigerian Medical School: A Cross-Sectional Study With Standardized Screening Tools." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 8, no. 2 (September 3, 2018): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v8n2p132.
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BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders among medical students constitute a global problem, and also reflect the mental state of the general population. There is paucity of data on the spectrum of such disorders among medical students in Nigeria.AIM: The study aims to determine the prevalence of anxiety disorders among medical students, and the effect of socio-demographic characteristics.METHODS: A total of 217 medical students from the second to the final years of study at Enugu State University of Science and Technology in south-east Nigeria were enrolled by simple random sampling. Five pretested, self- administered standardized questionnaires were used as screening tools for anxiety disorders. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS version 20). A p-value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.RESULTS: Thirty one (14.3%) of the enrolled medical students fulfilled the screening criteria for anxiety disorders. Specifically, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) was significantly related to gender (p =0.017) and the year of study (p =0.017). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was significantly related to the year of study (p =0.037), and social anxiety disorder (SAD) to the year of study (p =0.003) and gender (p =0.04). Similarly, panic disorder was significantly related to the year of study (p =0.025) while specific phobia was significantly associated with marital status (p =0.003), parental monthly income (p =0.022) and student’s monthly allowance (p =0.002). Finally, obsessive-compulsive disorder was significantly related to marital status (p =0.034) and year of study (p =0.028).CONCLUSION: Medical students in Nigeria are prone to a spectrum of anxiety disorders. This susceptibility is influenced by socio-demographic characteristics.
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Osuchukwu, Ngozi P., and Ngozi B. Ukachi. "Health information services: Engaging women in cervical cancer screening awareness in Nigeria." IFLA Journal 45, no. 3 (July 16, 2019): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0340035219861400.
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Around the world, a woman dies of cervical cancer every two minutes. In Nigeria, it is the second leading cause of cancer deaths, which could be avoided with proper access to health information. This mixed methods study, which employs a questionnaire, interviews, observations and discussion, examined women’s awareness on cervical cancer, screening status, sources, attitude and willingness, factors deterring them from being screened, and lessons learnt. Screening was done using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA). The study involved two librarians, two medical doctors, a pharmacist and a laboratory scientist: 90 women participated in the cervical screening exercise in non-standard settings – an e-library and a cathedral. It was discovered that 90% of the women had never been screened. Thus, if the women are not sensitized on cervical cancer they may never go for screening and more casualties will be recorded. The paper concludes with recommendations and a call to action for all, especially librarians.
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Adebamowo, Clement, Maryam Almujtaba, Zahra Modibbo, Olayinka Olaniyan, and William Blattner. "F2 Quality Assurance of Nurse Provider Led Cervical Cancer Screening in Nigeria." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 59 (April 2012): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.qai.0000413815.27179.9c.
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Egwuchim, K., and A. Nzelu. "Establishment of Structured Preventive Mobile Cancer Care in Nigeria: A Success Story." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 188s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.32600.
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Background and context: Mass medical mission is a nonprofit, public health charity aimed at complementing the effort of government in improving the health indices of Nigerians. Its core initiative is the National Cancer Prevention Program (NCPP), a foremost effort toward national cancer control in Nigeria. In 2007, NCPP spearheaded community-based mass cervical cancer screening in Nigeria, initially known as National Cervical Cancer Prevention Program (NCCPP). This effort has contributed to a 15% reduction of cervical cancer mortality in Nigeria, from 9659 deaths to 8240 deaths, between 2008 and 2012 (GLOBOCAN data). The improvement in cervical cancer survivorship in Nigeria was proof positive that winning the fight against cancer was possible if the effort could be scaled up. Consequently, mass medical mission escalated its advocacy drive, which was tagged the Big War Against Cancer in Nigeria. Aim: The short-term goal was to raise funds toward the provision one Mobile Cancer Centres (MCC) for each state and a Comprehensive Cancer Centre for each of the six geopolitical zones in the long-term. Strategy/Tactics: Mass medical mission initiated the establishment of a fundraising platform known as the Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy (CECP-Nigeria). A private sector led initiative to promote concerted and synergistic philanthropy for the common good through public-social-private partnership. The President of Nigeria is the grand patron while the Vice President, the National Patron. Returns: Through this effort, four of the pilot set of MCC (known as PinkCruise) are now in Nigeria, one of which was donated by the Lagos State Governor. The fixed centers from which the PinkCruise operate have also been set up in four selected cities representing the four old regions of Nigeria. These mobile units are unique as they are multifunctional with state-of-the-art facilities for screening, follow-up and treatment (including mammography, endoscopy, colonoscopy, colposcopy, cryotherapy, laboratory, vaccination and surgeries for precancer and early cancer). The PinkCruise have been deployed to carry out systematic mobile health outreaches, known as Mission PinkCruise, which also have an eye-care aspect known as Mission PinkVISSION. PinkVISSION is also an initiative of mass medical mission (mmm), aimed at achieving the goals of “Vision 2020: The Right to Sight”, by incorporating preventive eye care into cancer prevention and general health promotion. The acronym, VISSION, stands for Voluntary Integrated Sight Saving Initiative Of Nigeria. Both Mission PinkCruise and Mission PinkVISSION are free of charge to the hosts and the beneficiaries. What was learned: The synergy between PinkVISSION and PinkCruise results in improved uptake, impact and cost effectiveness of both the cancer campaign and the eye campaign.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medical screening – Nigeria"
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Egbera, Joyce Ifeanyi. "Male University students’ knowledge, beliefs and attitude towards screening for prostate cancer in Benin City, Nigeria." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1542.
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DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FINAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MASTERS OF TECHNOLOGIAE IN NURSING
IN THE FACULTY OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS SCIENCES AT THE CAPE PENINSULA UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
2015Beliefs and awareness towards prostate cancer screening among men is very crucial for early detection and management of the condition. From various literatures reviewed, prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death amongst men. In Nigeria, it is the most common male cancer and may be as high as that seen in African Americans in the United State. In most developing countries e.g Benin Republic, Gambia, Senegal, Ghana, and Nigeria, access to health care and prostate cancer screening methods for early detection is limited. AIM: The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge, belief and attitude of male students in the Benson Idahosa University, Benin City, Nigeria towards prostate cancer screening in order to curb the high incidence and death rate resulting from this disease. POPULATION: The study populations will be Faculty of Social and management Science students of range 18-35 years at Benson Idahosa University, Benin-City, Nigeria. SAMPLE: All students will be selected from the number of male students that are registered in the Faculty of Social Science. METHODOLOGY: This design selected for this study is qualitative cross-sectional. METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION: Interviews and questionnaires will be used as tool for data collection. KEY FINDINGS: The students had never received information from their health care provider about prostate cancer. Very few were able to identify the possible symptoms of prostate cancer. There is low level of knowledge about prostate cancer screening and they do not know what abnormal prostate specific antigen (PSA) is. Majority of the participants gained informed knowledge about prostate cancer screening for the first time from this study. The students have a pronounced negative attitude towards prostate cancer screening. Lack of awareness about cancer screening programs is also identified as a major barrier why many Nigerian men do not go for screening. The level of education has a positive influence to prostate cancer and screening. Prostate cancer screening is not a taboo to Bini culture. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study revealed that there is low level of knowledge about prostate cancer among male university students in Benin-City, Nigeria. RECOMMENDATIONS: Initiation of cancer teachings in schools, churches, and traditional gatherings. Demonstrations with the use posters in public places about prostate cancer menace and screening should be 3 encouraged. There should be implementation of policy that every male student from age 30 be involved in health education and promotion programs for prostate cancer. KEYWORDS: male, University students, knowledge of prostate cancer, beliefs and attitude towards screening for prostate cancer, Prostate cancer screening
Conference papers on the topic "Medical screening – Nigeria"
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Elewonibi, Bilikisu Reni. "Abstract A24: Evaluation of a breast cancer screening program in Nigeria." In Abstracts: Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, Georgia. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp15-a24.
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Adetule, Olubunmi O., and O. A. Jolaoye. "Abstract C77: Cervical cancer screening knowledge and practice among women at Adeoyo Teaching Hospital in Nigeria: A prevention tool for cervical cancer." In Abstracts: Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; November 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, Georgia. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp15-c77.
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Gali, Rebecca Mtaku, Dahiru Saleh Mshelia, Jessy Thomas Medugu, Musa Dungus, Hassan Dogo, Haruna Asura Nggada, Bata Mtaku Gali, et al. "Abstract PO-088: Low levels of PSA in diabetic Nigerians: A call for a separate reference range for prostate cancer screening among type-2 diabetics?" In Abstracts: AACR Virtual Conference: Thirteenth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; October 2-4, 2020. American Association for Cancer Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp20-po-088.
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