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Vakhotskyi, M. M. "Lexicographic paradigm of medical terms with onymic component." Thesis, БДМУ, 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17380.
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Wiseman, N. A. R. "Translation of Chinese medical terms : a source-oriented approach." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.341344.
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Argeg, Garsa Mousbah. "The problems of translating medical terms from English into Arabic." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11166/.
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This study tackles the problems of translating medical terms from English into Arabic a. It uses an evaluative approach to investigate and discuss the problems and intricacies of translating medical terms from English into Arabic. The purpose of the study is to display the difficulties of translating medical terms and how they were tackled by postgraduate students who are competent in medical translation and professional Arabic translators who work in the medical field. The study adopts a qualitative-quantitative approach. It focuses on different types of medical terms, excluding pharmacy-related terms. In order to find out and identify the real difficulties behind translating medical terms and how they could be approached by experienced translators, the researcher utilized a questionnaire test that included a set of English medical terms to be translated into Arabic by students who were doing a PhD in translation. The same questionnaire was also given to a group of professional Arabic translators. As medical terms are the key components of medical texts, the questionnaire included forty-five diversified English medical terms taken from different medical reports, namely National Health Service (NHS) leaflets and flyers and World Health Organization (WHO) reports for 2007 and 2008. The official Arabic translations of these documents were used to assess the translations given by the subjects in comparison to and contrast with some medical dictionaries and reliable medical websites. The population of the study included 54 postgraduate students (doing PhDs in Arabic translation) in Libyan (the researcher’s origin country) and UK universities and 12 Arabic translators working in UK hospitals and clinics. The results from the data analysis showed that the translation of the medical terms posed real difficulties and challenges for the students and inexperienced professional translators although the experienced professional translators found them comparatively straightforward. Hence, the result highlights the problems of translating medical terms from English into Arabic and the importance of training to work in the medical field as a translator. Also, the study concluded that literal translation, the heavy use of transliteration, inconsistency, the students’ lack of sufficient experience and practice in medical translation, and lack of up-to date English-Arabic medical dictionaries are factors that have given rise to problems in medical translation. Also, the study showed that almost no professional translators use CAT tools or MT to help them translate the medical terms.
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Liu, Ying-Hsang. "The impact of MeSH (Medical subject headings) terms on information seeking effectiveness." New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, 2009. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051373.
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Mihindou, Guy-Roger. "A theoretical model for a Yipunu-English-French explanatory dictionary of medical terms." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17324.
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Thesis (DLitt)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The dissertation proposes a theoretical model of a dictionary which will include three languages, namely French, Yipunu and English in a specific field of medicine. The decision to compile such a dictionary was motivated by the desire of the Gabonese government to promote local languages. The necessity also exists for Gabon, like other African countries, to build a constant and total awareness among the communities on issues relating to health as a process for self education in an attempt to reduce the spreading of diseases of which medication is costly for the government. The compilation of the dictionary demands not only a dictionary plan but also a sound theoretical knowledge in lexicography as the discipline regarding dictionary compilation. The title of the dissertation alone requires that notions like theory, model, explanation, dictionary, medicine and terminology need to be explained in detail; this is done in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 focuses on the medical background in Gabon with specific attention to the medical infrastructures of the country. As AIDS and malaria are the most deadly pandemics in Gabon, special attention is given to them as well as the notion of health in both western and African ways. Chapter 3 discusses various theoretical issues of the lexicographic process, from data acquisition to its distribution, with particular attention to the interdisciplinary environment prevailing in Gabon. Chapter 4, the frame structure, contains metalexicographic structural components of the dictionary and their classification, where the central list as principal part of the dictionary is no longer the only venue for data accommodation within the dictionary but is complemented by a variety of outer texts. Attention is also given to the role of various functions such as the knowledge-orientated function and the communication-orientated function. Chapter 5 presents both the macro- and the microstructure as the core structures of the dictionary. It introduces a hybrid type of macrostructure with a thematic arrangement mingled with a straight alphabetical macrostructure. The different themes to be included in the FYEDMT are arranged alphabetically as topic of themes section. The lemmata included in each topic as article stretch are also alphabetically organized. The microstructure introduces a new type of article: the amalgamated dictionary article, in which three individual articles are combined. This new type of article gives the user three distinctive search areas with French being the language of lemmatisation and Yipunu the first target language and English the second. Chapter 6 develops the guide structure constituted by the access structure (to help the user by presenting various devices and different venues of data for better consultation), the addressing structure (help the user by means of data coordination) and the mediostructure (direct the user to specific slots of the dictionary).
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die proefskrif bied 'n teoretiese model van 'n woordeboek in 'n spesifieke veld van die medisyne wat in drie tale aangebied word, naamlik Frans, Yipunu en Engels. Die besluit vir die opstel van so 'n woordeboek is gemotiveer deur die wens van die Gaboenese regering om plaaslike tale te bevorder. Die noodsaaklikheid bestaan vir Gaboen, soos ook ander Afrikalande, om 'n konstante en totale bewustheid oor gesondheid tussen die gemeenskappe te vestig as 'n proses van selfopvoeding in 'n poging om die verspreiding van siektes wat die regering baie geld kos, te verminder. Die samestelling van die woordeboek vereis nie slegs 'n woordeboekplan nie maar ook 'n deeglike teoretiese kennis van leksikografie as die dissipline gerig op die samestelling van woordeboeke. Die titel van die proefskrif vereis reeds 'n presiese bekendstelling van begrippe soos teorie, modelle, verduidelikings, woordeboeke, medisyne en terminologie; dit is die doel van hoofstuk 1. Hoofstuk 2 fokus op die mediese agtergrond in Gaboen met spesiale aandag aan die mediese infrastrukture in die land. Aangesien MIV/VIGS en malaria dodelike pandemies in Gaboen is, word spesiale aandag hieraan gewy, asook aan gesondheidsgebruike in die Weste en Afrika. Hoofstuk 3 bespreek verskeie teoretiese aspekte van die leksikografiese proses, vanaf data-insameling tot dataverspreiding, met besondere aandag aan die interdissiplinêre omgewing wat tans in Gaboen bestaan. Hoofstuk 4, die raamstruktuur, bevat metaleksikografiese struktuur-komponente en die klassifikasie van die woordeboek, waar die sentrale lys die belanggrikste deel van die woordeboek is maar nie langer die enigste plek vir die data-aanbod nie maar wat aangevul word deur ’n verskeidenheid buitetekste. Aandag is ook gegee aan die rol van verskeie funksies, byvoorbeeld die kennis- en kommunikasie-gerigte funksie. Hoofstuk 5 bied beide die makro- en mikrostruktuur as die kernstrukture van die woordeboek. Dit stel 'n hibriede tipe makrostruktuur bekend met ’n tematiese ordening gemeng met 'n alfabetiese makrostruktuur. Die verskillende temas wat ingesluit word in die 'FYEDMT' word gerangskik volgens die opskrifte van die lemams. Die lemmas in elke onderwerp is ook alfabeties. Die mikrostruktuur stel in nuwe tipe artikel bekend: die geamalgameerde woordeboekartikel met 'n kombinasie van drie individuele artikels. Hierdie nuwe tipe artikel gee die gebruiker drie duidelike soek-gebiede met die lemmas in Frans, Yipunu die eerste doeltaal en Engels die tweede doeltaal. Hoofstuk 6 ontwikkel die gidsstruktuur wat deur die toegangstruktuur gekonstitueer is (om die gebruiker te help deur verskeie middele en verskillende gebiede van data aan te bied vir beter konsultasie), die adresseringstruktuur (help die gebruiker met data-koördinasie) en die mediostruktuur (lei die gebruiker na spesifieke plekke in die woordeboek).
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Lindgren, Anna. "Semi-Automatic Translation of Medical Terms from English to Swedish : SNOMED CT in Translation." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medicinsk informatik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69736.
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The Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare has been overseeing translations of the international clinical terminology SNOMED CT from English to Swedish. This study was performed to find whether semi-automatic methods of translation could produce a satisfactory translation while requiring fewer resources than manual translation. Using the medical English-Swedish dictionary TermColl translations of select subsets of SNOMED CT were produced by ways of translation memory and statistical translation. The resulting translations were evaluated via BLEU score using translations provided by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare as reference before being compared with each other. The results showed a strong advantage for statistical translation over use of a translation memory; however, overall translation results were far from satisfactory.Den internationella kliniska terminologin SNOMED CT har översatts från engelska till svenska under ansvar av Socialstyrelsen. Den här studien utfördes för att påvisa om semiautomatiska översättningsmetoder skulle kunna utföra tillräckligt bra översättning med färre resurser än manuell översättning. Den engelsk-svenska medicinska ordlistan TermColl användes som bas för översättning av delmängder av SNOMED CT via översättningsminne och genom statistisk översättning. Med Socialstyrelsens översättningar som referens poängsattes the semiautomatiska översättningarna via BLEU. Resultaten visade att statistisk översättning gav ett betydligt bättre resultat än översättning med översättningsminne, men över lag var resultaten alltför dåliga för att semiautomatisk översättning skulle kunna rekommenderas i detta fall.
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Stecksén, Anna. "Stroke thrombolysis on equal terms? : implementation and ADL outcome." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Medicin, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-139953.
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Stroke thrombolysis is a method for restoring cerebral blood flow after ischemic stroke, with high priority in the Swedish national guidelines. implementation of stroke thrombolysis in Swedish routine stroke care has shown marked differences between demographic groups, hospital types, and regions. The general aim of this thesis were to examine the implementation of ischemic stroke thrombolysis in Swedish routine stroke care with an equity perspective; to gain more insight into the factors that influence implementation, how the treatment has reached patient groups, and differences in long-term outcomes between women and men. Analysis of data from research interviews with clinicians working within stroke care displayed that the facilitators of and barriers to the implementation of stroke thrombolysis could broadly be categorized into those related to individuals, to social interactions and context, and to organizational and resource issues. Key facilitating factors expressed in interviews were work pride and motivation, good leadership, involvement of all staff members in the implementation process, and quality assurance. Major barriers concerned lack of competence and experience, outdated attitudes regarding stroke management, counterproductive power structures, lack of continuity, and insufficient human resources. National quality register data displayed that stroke thrombolysis treatment expanded to reach more patients with mild deficits. Groups with higher education were more likely to receive treatment, compared to groups with lower educational level. These education group differences have, however, decreased over time in relative terms, but not in absolute terms. Further, there were considerable between-hospitals differences in treatment rates for patients with milder deficits, associated with hospital’s overall stroke thrombolysis rates. Moreover, larger non-university hospitals displayed treatment rate differences between educational groups that were not attributable to patient characteristics. Among thrombolysis-treated women and men, that was independent in ADL before their stroke and survived the first year post-stroke, women experienced higher probability to be dependent in ADL at both 3 and 12 months post-stroke, compared to men. This difference remained significant despite comprehensive adjustments for individual characteristics, symptom severity, and acute effects from stroke thrombolysis. This thesis displays that clinicians face barriers and facilitators at several levels, suggesting implementation interventions could be targeted towards both the individual-, the social interactions and context-, and also the organisation and available resources level. Assurance of clinicians’ individual competence, peer support, and clinical leadership seem to be important areas to intervene. Stroke thrombolysis rates have expanded over time, and an increase in stroke thrombolysis delivery to patients with mild stroke symptoms has contributed to this increase. However, it seems considerable differences between hospitals inhibit equity of care delivery. Further, socioeconomically disadvantaged groups receive less often stroke thrombolysis. Type of hospital seems to play a role, yet the reasons for this difference are not fully understood. This thesis also display that stroke thrombolysis-treated women that survive 1 year after stroke, appears to face higher risk for dependency in ADL, compared to men.Incorrect ISBN in print version 978-91-760-711-1. Correct ISBN should be 978-91-7601-711-1.
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Плигун, О. А. "Синонімія медичних термінів." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34676.
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Постійний розвиток людського пізнання ставить перед мовою завдання забезпечення новими найменуваннями. Результатом «інформаційного буму» стало значне зростання кількості нових термінів, особливо у сфері медицини. Це можна пояснити інтенсивним розвитком медичної науки та упровадженням інформаційних методів у клінічну практику та науково-дослідну роботу.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34676
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Пилипенко-Фріцак, Наталія Анатоліївна, Наталия Анатольевна Пилипенко-Фрицак, and Nataliia Anatoliivna Pylypenko-Fritsak. "Использование элементов словообразовательного анализа при обучении инностранных студентов-медиков на продвинутом этапе обучения." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17504.
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Godlonton, Michael D. "Evaluating prevention strategies used by general practitioners in Grahamstown in terms of recommended guidelines." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97241.
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Background: Increasing attention has been paid to preventative health over the past few decades. However because of constraints on consultation time and medical funds general practitioners (GPs) are often unsure which measures are appropriate and when to carry them out. They need to be well informed about the cost-effectiveness and evidence regarding each preventative measure to help their patients make informed choices about what needs to be done. Due to the large number of recommended screening measures general practitioners are often unsure which to prioritise and also forget to carry out all recommended measures. Recommendations for screening in South Africa and research into preventive strategies used by general practitioners are lacking. This research attempts to find out whether the prevention strategies used by general practitioners in private practice in Grahamstown follow recommended guidelines.
Methods: To obtain a broad understanding of prevention strategies used by general practitioners in Grahamstown, the following tracer conditions were selected for the study: screening for smoking, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, hyperlipidaemia, prostate cancer and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Research on routine annual health checks was included as these are used by many GPs to screen for tracer conditions. The research was done in 2 parts: 1. Review of the literature to obtain evidence on the recommended prevention strategy for each of the selected tracer conditions and 2. Interviews with GPs to evaluate the prevention strategy they used for each tracer condition. The literature was reviewed for evidence on the following parameters for each tracer condition: burden of the disease prevented; cost-effectiveness of the screening measures; sensitivity and specificity of screening tests; whether the screening measure for and treatment of the tracer condition is acceptable to patients; appropriate duration between repeated screening tests and whether there is effective treatment for the tracer condition. Eleven general practitioners were interviewed on the prevention strategies they use for each of the selected tracer conditions. Transcriptions of the interviews were analysed qualitatively and qualitatively. The prevention strategies used by the general practitioners was then compared to recommended guidelines.
Results: Evidence from the literature regarding the burden of and optimal prevention strategy for each tracer condition is reported. Using this evidence an appropriate prevention strategy for each tracer condition is outlined. The prevention strategies used by the GPs for each tracer condition and the routine annual health check is reported from the analysis of the interviews. The results show a wide range of differing strategies used by the GPs, often not following recommendations from research.
Discussion: The prevention strategies used by general practitioners for each tracer condition is compared with the recommendations from the literature. Important differences between what are recommended and what general practitioners are doing is discussed. Some general practitioners are practicing largely curative medicine and are not adequately screening their patients. Others are over screening with too many unnecessary tests being done annually as a routine. The interviews reveal that generally GPs do not discuss the potential harms and limitations of screening tests with their patients; do not keep check lists for each patient and do not use registers or recall systems to ensure all screening is done.
Conclusion: General practitioners need to ensure their prevention strategies follow recommended guidelines. To do so they can use the routine annual health check or opportunistic case finding and prevention. They need to ensure that routine health checks are targeted to the individual patients’ health risks and avoid doing unnecessary tests. Check lists can help to ensure all screening is done on every patient. While registers and recall systems improve screening rates they are not always possible in busy general practices. Recommended prevention strategies for each of the tracer conditions are made.
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Wu, Yingli, and 吳映莉. "The effects of Chinese medical terms on patient comprehension of information in a simulated clinical consultation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208579.
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Doctor's use of medical terms is generally considered to be one of the reasons for patients' poor comprehension of medical information. However, little research has been done on the effects of Chinese medical terms, which are constructed rather differently compared to English medical terms. This study manipulated the use of Chinese medical terms in a simulated clinical consultation, to investigate its effects on patients’ comprehension of medical information and their confidence for seeking further information.
One hundred and eighty one eligible Hong Kong laypersons were randomly assigned to watch one of three video clips, which differed in the use of words explaining the underlying pathological changes and the treatment of prolapsed intervertebral disc: one with lay terms only (group 1), another with medical terms alone (group 2), and another one with medical terms supplemented with lay terms (group 3). After that, a computer-based questionnaire was used to assess the participants' comprehension of the information and confidence for seeking further information, followed by a semi-structured face-to-face interview on their perceptions of the utility of Chinese medical terms.
Results suggested that although Chinese medical terms were perceived to be useful in assisting patients to look for further information on their diseases, the use of Chinese medical terms, either used with or without the supplements of lay terms, did not add to patients' comprehension of medical information and confidence for seeking further information. Regression models showed a significant trend of decreasing comprehension of the cause of the disease (β = -0.241, P = 0.002) and knowledge test scores (β = -0.214, P = 0.006) with increasing age of the participant. However, older persons had better comprehension of the word used (β = 0.238, P = 0.001). Participants' educational level was the most important determinant of knowledge test scores (β = 0.364, P < 0.001). In addition, persons with higher education (β = 0.207, P = 0.024), professional occupation (β = 0.173, P = 0.015) had better comprehension of the cause of disease.
The findings of the study have implications for doctor-patient communication as well as medical education. To improve the effectiveness of doctor-patient communication, it may be more rewarding to enhance doctors' overall communication skills, rather than simply advocating their use or not use of medical language.published_or_final_version
Anatomy
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Master of Philosophy
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Milebe, Malanda Fleury Florence. "La traduction des termes médicaux liés au cancer du sein." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65488.
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Breast cancer is a disease that affects many women in the world. That’s why many European states and even other nations in the rest of the world are spending a lot of money on early detection of disease, treatment, research and even the follow-up of patients after recovery. Today, with the development of science and globalization, the European states share the results of their research to permit to all women in Europe and in the world to benefit from this progress. But for these sharing of experiences to be possible, different documents in relation to the disease and its treatment must be translated from one language to another. In this study, we have translated a Swedish health website (Vårdguiden 2016) into French, specifically its pages devoted to breast cancer, and written by Anna Dahllöv. The aim of this work is to analyze the translation of specialized words from Swedish into French and to see what translation strategies are used for this type of text. Also, taking into account the specificity of medicine, this translation work requires a knowledge in this area not only in the source language, but also in the target language. During this study, several specialized words that are almost identical in both languages (Swedish and French) were discovered. These words have been borrowed from Greek or Latin and are now to be found in several Western languages. That is why we used the theories of Jean-Paul Vinay and Jean Darbelnet who, in their book Stylistique comparée du français et de l’anglais (1958) to explain the strategies of adaptation, explanation, borrowing, additions and deletions or suppressions. These different theories helped us to bring the message of the source text into the target text, and to keep the same technical and straightforward style used by the source text of Anna Dahllöv.
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Великодний, О. І. "Основні способи перекладу медичної термінології." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51727.
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Slade, Catherine Putnam. "Does patient-centered care affect racial disparities in health?" Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22569.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Public Policy, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.Committee Chair: Robert J. Eger III, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Christopher M. Weible, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Gregory B. Lewis, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Monica M. Gaughan, Ph.D.; Committee Member: Valerie A. Hepburn, Ph.D.
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Greenhalgh-Stanley, Nadia. "Three empirical papers on Medicaid, Medicare, and long-term care insurance." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Wu, Chi-pang Sam. "Chinese medical convalescence and research centre." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25949871.
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Slade, Catherine Putnam. "Does Patient-Centered Care affect Racial Disparities in Health?" Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/pmap_diss/24.
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This thesis presents a challenge to policy initiatives that presume that patient-centered care will reduce racial disparities in health. Data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey were used to test patient assessment of provider behavior defined as patient-centered care according to the National Health Disparities Report of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality of the Department of Health and Human Services. Results indicated patient-centered care improves self-rated health status, but blacks still report worse health status than whites experiencing comparable patient-centered care. Further, black-white differences in patient-centered care had no affect on health status. Rival theories of black-white differences in health, including social class and health literacy, provided better explanations of disparities than assessment of provider behaviors. These findings suggest that policies designed to financially incentivize patient-centered care practices by providers should be considered with caution. While patient-centered care is better quality care, financial incentives could have a negative effect on minority health if providers are deterred from practices that serve disproportionate numbers of poor and less literate patients and their families. Measurement of the concept of patient-centered care in future health disparities research was also discussed.
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Zelleroth, Ylva. "Effects of short-term hypoxia on skeletal musclecalcium handling." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-74020.
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Introduction: Calcium is the trigger for muscle contraction and strict control ofintracellular calcium handling is fundamental for muscle function. Imbalances in theintracellular concentration of calcium caused by disturbances in the calcium ion pumps orcalcium channels may be responsible for different types of muscle disorders as myopathies.The pathogenesis of myopathy is unknown, but it has been hypothesized that hypoxia mightbe the trigger of a cascade leading to muscle weakness. Hypoxia is known to induce calciumhandling alterations in many cell types, but effects of hypoxia on calcium handling in skeletalmuscle is still uninvestigated. Aim: To investigate if acute hypoxia affects calcium release and re-uptake in dissociatedmuscle fibres after intermittent tetanic stimulation, with the purpose to increase theknowledge of the role of hypoxia in diseases causing muscle weakness. Method: Single fibres were dissociated from the flexor digitorum brevis taken from mice.These were cultured overnight and then exposed to hypoxia for 30 minutes. Alterations in thefree cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration transients were measured before and after a seriesof 300 intermittent contractions at 70 Hz using fluo-3, which is a fluorescence indicator ofintracellular calcium. Result: Acute hypoxia affected calcium handling in skeletal muscle fibres. Decay of thetetanic free cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration transient was significantly slower inhypoxic compared to control fibres. Resting free cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration andtetanic free cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration seemed to increase prior to fatigue andaccelerate the development of fatigue. Conclusion: Calcium handling alterations induced by acute hypoxia in skeletal musclefibres may have resulted from acidosis and metabolite alterations. Further studies need to beperformed to draw firm conclusions due to limited samples in this study.
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de, Man Lapidoth Joakim. "Binge eating and obesity treatment : prevalence, measurement and long-term outcome." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Hälsoakademin, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-6627.
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Eating disorders and binge eating has repeatedly been shown to be common in surgical and behavioural weight loss treatments. Due to methodological variations and shortcomings in previous research, there is insufficient information about how eating disorders and binge eating are associated with outcome in weight loss treatments. There is therefore no consensus on how eating pathology should be adressed in weight loss treatments, which has led to large differences in the clinical practice. The main aim of this thesis was to address the issues of eating disorders and binge eating in weight loss treatments, and to investigate how binge eating is associated with long-term treatment outcome.
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Kemp, Andeneshea Shacardia. "A Contingency Model of Team Leadership for Emergency Medical Teams." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5523.
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Emergency medical teams operate under unusual circumstances. They assemble for a singular, temporary purpose, potentially change in size and composition, and their performance can influence whether a patient lives or dies. Although leadership is a critical component to team success, it is rarely investigated in the context of emergency medical teams. This study sought to examine the relationship between directive leadership behaviors and team performance outcomes. It was hypothesized that directive leadership would be particularly effective for emergency medical teams. In addition, a contingency model was proposed. Specifically, it was hypothesized that the effectiveness of directive leadership is contingent upon the complexity of the situation and the experience level of the team such that directive leadership is more effective when teams are inexperienced and the situation is complex. Neonatal resuscitation teams served as the emergency medical teams in this study. The proposed relationships were tested using observations from high-fidelity, neonatal resuscitation team training simulations. Hypotheses were not supported. Limitations and suggestions for future research for the development of leadership training curriculum are discussed.
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Donatello, Aryn E. "THE IMPACT SHORT TERM MEDICAL MiSSIONS HAVE ON FOREIGN COMMUNITIES." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1525719084229235.
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Barker, McKayla, Angela Chrisman, Mason Johnson, Matthew Gouge, and Emily K. Flores. "I.M.P.A.C.T. of Interprofessional Student Teams at a Remote Area Medical Clinic in Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/26.
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Introduction: Remote Area Medical (RAM), a non-profit organization serving underserved populations, partnered with East Tennessee State University to provide a unique learning opportunity for student volunteers at a clinic in rural Appalachia. Interprofessional student teams were established with undergraduate and graduate students in multiple professions. This study examined the impact on attitudes of students who participated and the impact of student teams on the event, hypothesizing that a positive impact would be seen on both. COVID-19 adjustments made were also evaluated.
Methods: Surveys of student participants were conducted electronically utilizing REDCap before and after participation in the event. Surveys included demographic questions, validated surveys, and open-ended questions. Demographic questions gauged personal background, level of education, and history of interprofessional education or events. The previously validated surveys utilized were the Interprofessional Collaborative Competency Attainment Scale-Revised (ICAAS-R) and the Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education-Revised Instrument Version 2 (SPICE-R2). Quantitative data was analyzed with SPSS version 25. Qualitative data was analyzed with deductive coding. Interventions were tallied by student teams during the event.
Results: Eighty-nine students participated logging 1,213 interventions and 84 completed portions of the survey (94% response rate). ICAAS-R (n=79) displayed mean increases from 4.19 out of 5 in the pre-survey to 4.58 in the post-survey (p
Conclusion: Statistically significant quantitative findings and qualitative themes supported the hypothesis that working in interprofessional teams at a RAM event would positively impact student attitudes towards interprofessional practice, and that student teams would have a positive impact on the event. COVID-19 adjustments made were well perceived. Findings can be summarized with the I.M.P.A.C.T. neumonic.
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Travis, Shelia A. "Physicians and Rounding Teams| A Study of Followership in the Medical Profession." Thesis, Indiana Wesleyan University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10129695.
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Leadership implies followership, for without followers, there would be no true leaders. Followership has often been viewed in a negative fashion given the unidirectional nature of hierarchical power. Traditionally, a follower was assessed as unable to lead because of the assumption that a leader’s engagement is active and a follower’s engagement is passive. The word follower often advocates obedience and compliance in the minds of many and such a person may therefore be unfit for modern professional leadership discussions. However, assessing professional views of the term follower may provide insight for future leadership discussions, by understanding that followers get work done by working with other followers and leadership suggests the need for relational coordination with followers. This dissertation sought to advance the study of followership by examining the relational coordination of patient care through a study of hospital medicine. A hospitalist is generally thought of in terms of “service” (patient care), which is included in the literature on good followership. Hospitalists, as practicing physicians, are scientifically trained to possess the critical thinking skills that correspond to the Y-axis of Kelley’s Followership model. However, their training is to act independently without the intentional engagement (X-axis of Kelley’s model) of their interprofessional team members. This research detected a statistically significant relationship between relational coordination scores and followership types in the exemplary hospitalist followership type subscale of engagement with respect to other hospitalists and nurse managers. Additionally, there was a statistically significant relationship between relational coordination scores and followership types in the pragmatic hospitalist followership type subscale of critical thinking as related to case managers. Of the five followership types (exemplary, conformist, pragmatic, passive, and alienated), three types were eliminated from the analysis for the following reasons. For hospitalists, there were no conformist followers, there were no alienated follower hospitalists, and there was only one hospitalist who met the criteria for being a passive follower. As a result, it is more accurate to state that this research found a statistically significant relationship in relational coordination of hospitalists who are exemplary and pragmatic followers.
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Moyer, Michael R. "How Prospective Memory Affects Outcomes in a Simulated Medical Environment." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1384427428.
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Reinodt, Sara. "Self-reported back and neck pain : Relation to head posture and short-term effects of a new postural taping method." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36917.
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Olofsson, Emmie. "Children of Divorce : Long-Term Psychological Effects and Neurological Consequences." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-17474.
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This thesis has examined what long-term psychological and neurological effects that are apparent in children and adults who have experienced parental divorce. It was predicted that significantly more children and adult children from divorced families would have increased symptoms of mental disorders than children and adult children from married homes e.g., anxiety, depression, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder. It was further predicted that parental divorce would negatively affect the neurological system in the offspring. The correlation between children of divorce and negative neurological effects was not found to be true. However, adult children of divorce have significantly lower baseline cortisol levels compared to adult children of marriage. Dysregulated cortisol levels are highly associated with the development of e.g., anxiety, depression, and brain damage. Parental divorce did not only influence how secretion of the hormone cortisol is regulated within adult children of divorce, but how both children and adult children of divorce psychologically adapt post-divorce. Children of divorce have for instance lower general well-being, more symptoms of anxiety and depression, lower self-esteem, and feel more stress than children of marriage. Adult children of divorce are more likely to experience marital discord, getting divorced themselves, anxiety and depression, lower academic performance, and substance abuse, etc. The result of the thesis suggests that children and adult children from divorced families are negatively affected, both psychologically and neurologically, regardless of age. Parental divorce and supplementary effects make it more likely for children and adult children to experience more symptoms of mental disorders.
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Calmeyer, Sean. "Building long-term customer loyalty in the South African Medical Scheme industry." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21432.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The medical scheme industry of South Africa has been exposed to fundamental changes during the last decade. We have been witness to various amalgamations and scheme closures as a result of financial pressure and changes to legislation. Never before has it been more important for medical scheme administrators to become more customer focused and find solutions for medical schemes to stay viable into the future. Relationship marketing, a widely acknowledged concept, has been recognised as an appropriate tool to manage relationships and improve customer loyalty over a long-term period. A number of studies have investigated the viability of relationship marketing strategies across different industries. No such studies have however been performed for the medical scheme industry of South Africa. The study therefore aims to investigate how loyalty between medical schemes and their respective administrators is currently maintained. It further aims to determine if the medical scheme industry would benefit from relationship marketing initiatives to encourage long-term loyalty. An in-depth literature study was performed. The underlying aspects under investigation include relationship marketing, customer relationship management (CRM) and customer loyalty. It is thus important to investigate the influence of these three components on the strength of relationships and customer retention. The second phase of the study consisted of in-depth semi-structured interviews with various scheme representatives from the industry. This study is based on an exploratory case and the qualitative data was analysed using pattern finding techniques and qualitative content analysis. The study investigated the factors that have an impact on loyalty in the medical scheme industry. It was determined that relationships between administrators and medical schemes are multilevel and although relationship marketing literature indicates that key account managers are essential for the successful use of relationship based strategies, it was evident that expertise needs to extend beyond only those in key customer management positions. It is evident from the findings of this study that the medical scheme industry of South Africa could benefit hugely from correctly implemented and well researched relationship marketing strategies. This study may therefore be useful to the medical scheme industry in that it provides insight into relationship marketing in the South African context.
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Prewett, Matthew S. "Training Teamwork in Medical Teams: An Active Approach with Role Play and Feedback." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003229.
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Limon, Emilee. "CHALLENGES MEDICAL SOCIAL WORKERS FACE THAT LEAD TO BURNOUT." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/687.
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ABSTRACT
This study explored the challenges medical social workers face that lead to burnout. Currently, there is literature on burnout among health care providers and social workers, but not specifically on social workers in the medical field. The current study aimed to fill this gap in literature. Due to the lack of literature, the study used an exploratory, qualitative design. The study utilized individual interviews with a non-random purposive sample of nine medical social workers currently employed at Kaiser Permanente’s Fontana/Ontario Social Services Department. Interviews with participants were recorded and transcribed. Transcriptions were analyzed using thematic analysis. Major themes that emerged were organizational challenges, challenges working in multidisciplinary teams, working in the medical field, and limited resources. The study’s findings aim to increase awareness of the issue of burnout among medical social workers and to contribute to the implementation of interventions or policies within health care settings to prevent burnout among medical social workers.
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Fenco, Díaz Martha Alejandra, and Patiño Sharim Yadira Velásquez. "Percepción de la calidad de los instructivos de pruebas diagnósticas traducidos del inglés al español desde la perspectiva del personal de laboratorio de tres hospitales de Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653863.
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La presente investigación busca determinar y explicar la percepción que el personal de laboratorio (patólogos clínicos y tecnólogos médicos) de tres hospitales de Lima tiene acerca de la calidad de los instructivos de pruebas diagnósticas traducidos del inglés al español. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de enfoque mixto (cuantitativo y cualitativo) con el fin de definir la opinión general de los usuarios de tales textos, así como las percepciones disonantes respecto a su experiencia con instructivos traducidos. Para lograrlo, se utilizaron encuestas basadas en la escala de Likert proporcionada que brinde información cuantitativa sobre cuatro variables adaptadas de los rasgos del lenguaje científico identificados por Navarro (Navarro, 2008): claridad, veracidad, precisión terminológica y función textual. Luego, se realizaron entrevistas para profundizar en las motivaciones de las respuestas obtenidas en las encuestas, explorar opiniones contradictorias e identificar estrategias que el personal desarrolla al encontrarse con elementos que consideren extraños en la versión traducida. Frente a estas situaciones, el personal de laboratorio desarrolla estrategias para poder corregir en la práctica los elementos que afecten la calidad de las traducciones. Los datos cualitativos dieron a conocer dos tipos de estrategias: individuales y sociales; el tipo de estrategia elegido se relaciona con el nivel de experiencia de los patólogos y tecnólogos. La experiencia demuestra ser un factor definitivo en el uso y evaluación de las traducciones. La investigación contribuye al reconocimiento del usuario final especializado como potencial evaluador de la calidad en el proceso de traducción y al retroalimentar la traducción como producto.This research seeks to identify and explain the perception that medical laboratory professionals (clinical pathologists and medical technologists) of three Lima hospitals have concerning the quality of laboratory test's user manuals translated from English into Spanish. For this purpose, a study with a mixed approach (quantitative and qualitative) was carried out to characterize the users' general opinion and the differing perceptions regarding their experience with translated user manuals. Surveys based on the 5-point balanced Likert scale provided quantitative information on four variables adapted from Navarro's characteristics of scientific language (Navarro, 2008): clarity, accuracy, terminological precision and textual function. Afterwards, interviews were held to delve into the rationale behind the survey’s answers, to explore conflicting opinions, and to identify strategies developed by the personnel when facing unfamiliar elements in the translation. In response, the laboratory professionals developed strategies to address the elements affecting translation quality during their practice. The qualitative data revealed two types of strategies: individual and social; the type chosen is related to the level of experience of pathologists and technologists. Experience proves to be a major factor in the use and evaluation of translations. This research contributes to the acknowledgement of specialized end users as potential quality evaluators during the translation process and by providing feedback on the translation product.
Trabajo de investigación
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胡志鵬 and Chi-pang Sam Wu. "Chinese medical convalescence and research centre." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986912.
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Alverdes, Lukas. "Short-term effects of 90/90 breathing with ball and balloon on core stability." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36919.
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Background Breathing is a life preserving mechanism that can influence muscles of the core and its stabilizing mechanisms, especially by the function of the diaphragm and intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) build-up. The 90/90 bridge with ball and balloon (90/90 breathing) is one technique doing so, thereby affecting the core and core stability (CS). Both have been shown to influence injury, and in some studies performance, and are therefore deemed important. In the Functional Training branch exercises that influence CS are used as core activations in the warm-up to increase performance in the short-term, but scientific proof for that is lacking. Objective The aim of this study was therefore to investigate if a core activation in the form of the 90/90 breathing can increase the short-term CS. Methods To test this an intervention trial was designed where the subjects were divided into a control group (CG) and a breathing group (BG). Three CS-tests were done to assess the CS at two times, Pre and Post. The double-leg-lowering (DLL), the unilateral-hip-bridge (UHB) and the single-leg-stand (SLS). The BG did the 90/90 breathing in between Pre and Post, whereas the CG did nothing. The data was checked for group differences at Pre and Post as well as the difference in the performance change from Pre to Post between groups using Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Improvements from Pre to Post within groups were calculated with Pared Samples t-test and Wilcoxon tests. Results No consistent effect of the intervention was found. The DLL showed the most positive results with a performance improvement in the BG and a greater performance change for the BG than for the CG. The UHB showed mixed results with a better performance at Post for the BG in both legs but only an improvement for the non-dominant leg in the BG. The SLS showed no improvement for the BG in any test. Conclusion The inconsistent results show no general positive effect of the 90/90 breathing on CS. However, the positive effects in the DLL make a position and task specific effect of the 90/90 breathing on CS possible. Practitioners and coaches should consider this task specificity when planning warm-ups. Future research should also choose CS tests and training exercises more task specific to the studied objectives to obtain more distinct results. More research on the short-term effects of CS interventions is needed for a clearer understanding of the subject.
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Seshadri, Sridhar B. "How Many Hands Does a Team Have? Developing Ambidextrous Teams in Academic Medical Centers." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Management / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casedm1568731826883498.
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Müllersdorf, Maria. "Needs Assessment in Occupational Therapy : Studies of Persons with Long-Term/Recurrent Pain." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1434.
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The overall aim of this thesis was to describe (1) needs for occupational therapy among persons with self-perceived activity limitations and/or participation restrictions due to long-term/recurrent pain, and (2) treatment interventions in occupational therapy to meet demonstrated needs. The Liss’ model for assessing health care needs was used as a structural scheme. A randomly selected sample (n=10,000) from the Swedish general population aged 18-58 years was the foundation for the study population with and without pain. In addition, occupational therapists were included (n=109). Data collection was made by postal questionnaires. The results showed a prevalence of 26 % and an incidence rate of 0.07. Demographic characteristics of the sample were female gender, ages 40-58 years and fewer years of education than those without pain. Pain in shoulders/lower back of searing/aching/gnawing character was the most frequently reported. A majority of the respondents reported affective/emo-tional effects of pain mainly of depressive character and they had previously been on sick leave due to pain. Women reported higher frequencies of self-perceived activity limitations/ participation restrictions due to pain, more difficulties with intermediate ADL, perceived higher job demands and had longer sick leave than men. Men perceived poorer social support than did women. Needs for occupational therapy were reported mainly as a consequence of activity and temporal imbalance. High health care consumers reported higher frequencies of needs/problems than did low health care consumers. The main goals and interventions suggested by occupational therapists to meet the needs in pain management focused on increased knowledge of handling daily occupations with the purpose to reduce pain, maintain competence/improve performance of home maintenance, reduce consequences of pain and increase knowledge how to handle effects of pain.
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Head, French Janet. "How and in what context do osteopathic medical students learn about interprofessional practice." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4828.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on February 13, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Rogers, Tim. "Creating practical knowledge for managing interprofessional health care teams : the promise of critical realism and the theory of action /." Online version, 2005. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/30437.
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Thesis (PhDManagement)--University of South Australia, 2005.A thesis submitted to the International Centre for Management and Organisational Effectiveness, Division of Business and Enterprise. University of South Australia. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 195-207).
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Dalmeyer, Johannes Paulus Franciscus. "A business model for medical subspecialty training in South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/3508.
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The shortage of healthcare workers and doctors in the developing world compared to the developed world is a problem, and will continue to be so, due to the continual migration of qualified professionals and the inability of the state to remedy these shortfalls. A shortage of healthcare workers and specialist doctors will seriously hamper the Government’s National Health Insurance (NHI) plan, as well as the sustainability of the private health care sector. In addition, the duration of medical training in South Africa is exceptionally long. The three major hospital groups and other private corporates have over the last number of years taken limited initiative to fund education projects in conjunction with the academic institutions. However, these projects have been poorly focused and have been managed in an unstructured and detached manner. There is a desire from the private sector to get involved in these projects on a much larger scale through more formalised structures. Given this background, the primary objective of this research is to develop a business model for medical subspecialty training to complement the current academic subspecialty training in South Africa. A trial model for training subspecialists in reproductive medicine was developed as a first attempt to address the threatening shortages and training duration. This trial programme is the basis of this research. A two-phased process was used in collecting data. In Phase 1 data was collected from stakeholder groups. The results of this survey assisted in generating variables to include in the measuring instrument for the survey in Phase 2. In Phase 2 the perceptions and expectations of sub-specialists (reproductive subspecialists and cardiologists) regarding sub-specialty training was collected. The results of the demographic variables confirm the aging profile of subspecialist and the need to ensure succession. The results further showed that cardiologists and reproductive subspecialist expectations of the training of subspecialists are very similar except for their expectations on the training duration. Reproductive subspecialist respondents agreed more than cardiology subspecialist respondents that the training duration is too long. The biggest gap between perceptions and expectations is also with the factor training. The results showed that the expectations of subspecialists are not met for training. From these results a business model for the training of medical subspecialists is proposed. This proposed business model can play a complementary role to the existing state controlled system and form the bases of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) in medical training. This proposed business model will fit a developing country were the focus is on primary healthcare, with financial and capacity constraints. The proposed model would require role players to bring about change to accommodate a larger scale Public Private Partnership (PPP) to ensure the implementation of the model. The proposed decentralised business model for training subspecialists would allow the trainee subspecialist to practise as a specialist thus maintaining an acceptable income, and enable an expedited completion and lead to a wider dissemination of medical expertise that can be delivered in a wider national foot print. It further will provide for a structured Public Private Partnership.
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Maynard, Diana Gabrielle. "Term recognition using combined knowledge sources." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311203.
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Vinh, Sean, Rebecca Maloney, Addison Lawson, and Emily K. Flores. "Impact of Interprofessional Healthcare Student Teams at a Remote Area Medical Event in Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/79.
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Interprofessional collaboration in healthcare is vital to the nation’s health and interprofessional education is of significant interest in the current academic climate and practice environment. Remote Area Medical is a non-profit healthcare organization that partners with community hosts to provide dental, vision, and medical services to medically underserved patients in remote areas of the United States and abroad. RAM mobile clinics have served over 785,000 people since their founding in 1985, providing vital healthcare services free of charge through the volunteer services of healthcare professionals. RAM mobile clinics provide an excellent opportunity for interprofessional collaboration and interprofessional education as learners partner with volunteer professionals to serve the community. The RAM mobile clinic in Gray, Tennessee was first established in 2017 and implemented the innovate utilization of undergraduate and graduate health professional students from the East Tennessee State University Academic Health Sciences Center in student teams. Interprofessional student teams along with precepting faculty are flexible in location and services offered to best serve the needs of the mobile clinic at any given time. Interprofessional student teams work to improve patient utilization of services offered at the event and assist with medication histories and health screens while growing student interprofessional patient care skills in the process. The objective of this research is to describe the impact of interprofessional student teams on patient care at the Gray, Tennessee RAM mobile clinic during the first two years. Data was collected from the years 2017 and 2018 by the student volunteer coordinator then analyzed by student researchers. The interprofessional student teams consisted of 87 student volunteers that were training in Clinical and Rehabilitative Sciences, Medicine, Nursing, Public Health, or Pharmacy over the course of the three-day mobile clinic in 2017 and 109 different student volunteers in 2018. Student teams were precepted by interprofessional faculty and logged 2,332 interventions in 2017 and 1,130 interventions in 2018. The top two interventions in 2017 were Medication Histories and Blood Glucose Screens while the top two interventions in 2018 were Medication Histories and Health Screens. Variation in number of interventions logged and type of interventions logged can be explained by event characteristics that differed between the two years. Student participants commented positively on their engagement with one another and discussions they had to better understand each other’s professions between patient encounters. This research attempts to demonstrate that the impact of interprofessional student teams at a RAM mobile clinic is worth the investment of faculty resources in planning and execution to engage student learning while benefitting the patient population being served. This research also provided a hypothesis for additional research to be conducted around the 2019 Gray, Tennessee RAM mobile clinic.
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De, Falco Emanuela. "Long-term coding of associations in the human medial temporal lobe." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40981.
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This PhD thesis aims to investigate the role of human medial temporal lobe (MTL) neurons in the encoding of associations between items and the characteristics of single neuron activity in response to related items. The invaluable opportunity to record single neuron activity occurs when patients suffering from refractory epilepsy have to be implanted with intracranial depth electrodes to treat their clinical condition. It has been long recognised that the MTL plays a critical role for declarative memory functions. MTL neurons have been shown to change their tuning during associative learning tasks. However, it is still not clear whether their involvement is confined to the task execution or goes beyond it. To address this issue, we studied the responses of MTL neurons in neurosurgical patients to known concepts (people and places), in conjunction with two different metrics measuring the degree of association between items (one metric based on the patients' evaluations and the other based on web searches). We found that whenever MTL neurons responded to more than one concept, these concepts were typically related, therefore providing evidence for a long-term involvement of MTL neurons in the representation of durable associations, which is essential to declarative memory functions. We also analysed the differences between spiking responses elicited by different stimuli in a single neuron, and how these differences related to the degree of association between stimuli. We found that, in general, MTL neurons exhibit a similar neural activity in response to different stimuli, and that eventual differences in the responses are smaller the more two stimuli are associated to each other. Our results support the idea that a process of unitisation of neural responses occurs in the MTL, and that information about the stimulus identity is not encoded in individual neurons, but rather at the neural assembly level.
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Kim, Eunju. "Sequential drug decision problems in long-term medical conditions : a case study of primary hypertension." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10004/.
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Background: Sequential drug decision problems (SDDP) occur when assigning drugs sequentially in long-term medical conditions. SDDPs are important for both clinical decision-making and resource allocation. They can be large and complex because of the considerable number of drug sequences and disease pathways and the interdependence between them over time. Where classic mathematical programming has a limited capacity for dealing with the complexities of a sequential decision problem, approximate optimisation methods have been widely used to solve the problem more efficiently using simulation. Objective: This thesis aims to set down the definitions of SDDPs mathematically to understand the nature of SDDPs, to examine the potential methods to identify optimal or near-optimal sequential treatment strategies in a long-term SDDP; and to discuss the performance of the proposed methods using a case study of primary hypertension. Methods: A mathematical description of SDDPs was developed to gain an understanding of the nature of SDDPs. A systematic review was conducted to examine potential optimisation methods for solving large and complex SDDPs. A hypothetical simple SDDP was used to test the feasibility of incorporating the promising methods into an economic evaluation model. A de novo hypertension cost-effectiveness model estimating blood pressure lowering effects of sequential use of antihypertensive drugs was developed. Enumeration, simulated annealing (SA), genetic algorithm (GA) and reinforcement learning (RL) were used to solve the SDDP in primary hypertension. Their performance was tested in terms of computational time and the quality of solution, which is defined by the closeness of the final objective function values and the real global optimum are obtained from enumeration. Results: The computational complexity of SDDPs comes from a range of factors, which are: 1) the number of relevant health states, 2) the number of potential drug treatment options, 3) the number of times that a treatment change may occur, 4) whether the transition probability between health states depends on historic health states and drug uses and 5) relevant clinical-based rules that need to be incorporated. Various trade-offs, such as the trade-off between the computational complexity and model validity, the trade-off between the research effort and time required to develop the optimisation model and the underlying evaluation model, and the trade-off between the amount of search time and the quality of the solution, are fundamental features of SDDP modelling. These trade-offs are all interrelated with each other rather than existing separately. In the case study of primary hypertension, the optimal solution identified by enumeration was to start with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB), followed by the combination of thiazide-type diuretic (D) and ACEI/ARB, the combination of D, ACEI/ARB and calcium channel blocker (CCB) and the combination of D, ACEI/ARB and beta-blocker (BB) as second, third and fourth-line treatments. The total expected net benefit for this optimal sequential treatment policy was £330,080 (95% CI £330,013-£330,147). SA and GA found the same (or statistically indifferent) solution(s) identified by enumeration with shorter search time and smaller iteration number. The computational time was 4.1-4.6 hours in SA or GA whereas enumeration took 12.20 hours. The performance depended on some key parameters of the methods: cooling rate and the maximum number of iterations within the same temperature for SA and the number of generation, population size, crossover rate and mutation rate for GA. The performance of RL was relatively less favourable. This may be because of the structure of the hypertension SDDP model, whose total net benefit is mostly affected by the add-on Markov model after the drug switching period than the short-term drug switching model. Conclusion: SA and GA can be used to solve a large and complex SDDP as demonstrated in the primary hypertension case study. They can find the optimal or near optimal solutions efficiently where the key parameters are properly set. The optimal parameter setting is problem specific and requires a tuning procedure considering various scenarios with different sets of parameters. RL needs further investigation to improve the performance possibly by using more complicated RL methods or in a different structure of the underlying evaluation model. This study can be extended to construct the underlying evaluation model using a DES and to technically improve the optimisation methods. Producing the data relevant to SDDPs will also help to make better informed decisions for SDDPs in health technology appraisal.
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Carlfjord, Caspar, and Elin Hedström. "Long-term Evaluation of Bone Augmentation Procedures with Autogenous Bone or Bone Substitutes in Association with Implant Treatment." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Odontologiska fakulteten (OD), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-19845.
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Syfte. Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturöversikt var att undersöka det vetenskapliga underlaget avseende långsiktig stabilitet hos olika typer av benersättningsmaterial i kombination med implantatinstallation.Material och metod. En elektronisk sökning gjordes med hjälp av PubMed och Web of Science. Block med sökord konstruerades och skrevs in i sökmotorerna för att hitta studier med implantatbehandling i kombination med benaugmentation, med en radiologisk uppföljning efter minst 2 år. Funna artiklar granskades i förhållande till förutbestämda inklusions- och exklusionskriterier. Data från inkluderade studier registrerades. Risken för bias i de inkluderade studierna bedömdes enligt modifierade protokoll.Resultat. Den elektroniska sökningen resulterade i 1183 studier, varav 14 studier med antingen autogent, allogent, xenogent eller alloplastiskt benersättningsmaterial inkluderades i denna litteraturöversikt. Resultatet från studierna visade en stor skillnad i både tekniker och material.Slutsats. Den generella slutsatsen i denna studie är att den marginella benförlusten vid dentala implantat som placerats i augmenterat ben inte överstiger 1 mm inom två år. En mer exakt slutsats om den marginella bennivåns stabilitet kunde inte dras på grund av de stora skillnaderna mellan de inkluderade studierna. Det finns ett behov av fler högkvalitativa studier med långtidsuppföljning som undersöker och jämför den marginella bennivåns stabilitet för olika benersättningsmaterial.Aim. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the literature available regarding long-term stability of different bone augmentation materials in combination with dental implant treatment.Material and methods. An electronic search was done using PubMed and Web of Science. Blocks with keywords were constructed and inserted into the search engines to find studies involving implant treatment in combination with bone augmentation, with a radiographic follow-up of at least 2 years. Found articles were reviewed in relation to predetermined inclusion- and exclusion criteria. Data from included studies was extracted. Included studies were assessed of risk of bias according to modified protocols. Results. The electronic search yielded 1183 studies. 14 studies using either autogenous, allogeneic, xenogeneic or alloplastic augmentation materials was included in this review. The results from the data extraction process showed a wide variation in both materials and techniques used.Conclusion. The general conclusion drawn from this study is that marginal bone loss around dental implants placed in augmented bone does not exceed 1 mm within two years post-operatively. A more precise conclusion regarding marginal bone level stability could not be drawn due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. There is a need for additional high-quality studies with long-term follow-up, investigating and comparing marginal bone level stability for different bone augmentation materials.
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Alshammari, Khalid Douhan. "MODELING AND OPTIMIZATING CARE DELIVERY FOR TERTIARY EYE PATIENTS IN SAUDI ARABIA THROUGH MOBILE MEDICAL CARE TEAMS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1574342342069563.
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Ambrose, Josh D. "Evaluating Community Dependence on Short-Term International Medical Clinics: A Cross-Sectional Study in Masatepe, Nicaragua." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1463133502.
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Wen, Ting-hui, and 溫婷惠. "Chinese Translation of English Medical Terms: Practice and Critique." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79139907386540893623.
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Кумар, Оксана Русланівна. "Медична термінологія англійської мови та проблеми перекладу (на матеріалі англомовних наукових медичних журналів)." Магістерська робота, 2020. https://dspace.znu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/12345/4225.
Full textAbstract:
Кумар О. Р. Медична термінологія англійської мови та проблеми перекладу (на матеріалі англомовних наукових медичних журналів) : кваліфікаційна робота магістра спеціальності 035 «Філологія» / наук. керівник І. М. Фесенко. Запоріжжя : ЗНУ, 2020. 63 c.EN : There is the world currently facing a significant challenge look like Covid19, which indicates the importance of spreading medical information in 2020. It is indicated that the linguistic evolution of medical research writing can be accounted for the changing epistemological norms of medical knowledge and the growth of a professional medical community. Increased interest in representations of science research papers discovers the problem of translating medical terms from English to Ukrainian correctly and concisely. The scientific novelty lies in the attempt to study the peculiarities of the structure and semantics of modern English terms that are used in health care. The object of researching is the English term that is used in the professional medical sphere. The subject of researching is the structural and semantic characteristic of the English-language medical term. The research aims to reveal the structure and semantics of medical terms in modern English and the peculiarities of their translation to Ukrainian. This study aims to determine how such a translation can be better done and which methods of interpretations of medical terms are the best. It is investigated simple medical terms, complex medical terms, and composed medical terms. In this context, one is focused upon two methods of translation, such as calking and direct word-do-word translation of 322 English medical terms, which were in the information on the site of the World Health Organisation, and which were classified for their semantic meanings in eleven semantic groups of medical terms. Due to these methods, it was translated 207 English medical terms to Ukrainian. These results suggest that methods of calking and word-to-word translation of English medical terms can be used by interpreters in their work with medical science research papers.
UA : Дипломна робота – 63 стор., 69 джерел, 3 додатки. Об’єкт дослідження: відображення особливостей перекладу англомовної медичної термінології українською мовою та їх структурно – семантичних особливостей (на матеріалі статей та бюлетеню Всемірної організації охорони здоров`я ). Мета роботи: аналіз структурно-семантичних особливостей англомовних медичних термінів та особливостей їх перекладу українською мовою. Теоретико-методологічні засади: ключові положення теорії дискурсу, розроблені в лінгвістиці (Даниленко В. П., Дев`ятко Ю. С., Виноградов В. В., Казак Ю. Ю. , Карабан В. І. , Кияк Т. Р. , Лейчик В. М. , Лотте Д. С. , Макшеєва О. С., Моісєєв А. І, Павлова О. Г., Реформатський О. О.). Отримані результати: семантичну структуру термінів медичної сфери складають загальнонаукові терміни, спеціальні та загальнолітературні, які стали медичними термінами шляхом переосмислення та звуження значення, що зумовлено використанням в професійній сфері. Англомовні медичні терміни утворюються за допомогою використання однієї лексичної основи (безафіксальним або афіксальним способом) – прості терміни, злиттям двох граматичних основ в єдину лексичну одиницю - складні терміни або утворюючи терміни-словосполучення – складені терміни з двох-, трьох- та багатокомпонентних складників. Однією з важливих характеристик медичного терміну є семантичне означення кожного терміну. Це дозволяє класифікувати лексичні одиниці та обє`днувати медичні терміни в групи з єдиним семантичним значенням. До найбільш характерних методів перекладу англомовної медичної термінології відносяться: калькування та метод дослівного перекладу.
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CHENG, YI-TING, and 鄭依婷. "Translation Strategies of Medical Terms in Subtitling: A Case Study of "Grey's Anatomy"." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/utg5h4.
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碩士長榮大學
翻譯學系碩士班
106
Due to the rapid development of technology and the increasing availability of Internet resources, foreign television dramas have increasingly become commonly available to the audience. The American television medical drama Gray's Anatomy is a popular TV series, consisting of a great amount of medical terms. In order to compare the subtitle translation strategies of the DVD version, equivalence and skopos theory were applied to see whether communicative translation strategy was applied to improve the understanding of the professional medical terms used by medical associates and experts. The study shows that translation strategies, such as supplementation, the reductive form of translation and borrowed word were adopted by the DVD version to increase better understanding of the medical terms for the audience. As for mistranslation, the DVD version is in need of improvement. Since the communicative translation strategy plays an important role in subtitling, it is hoped that this study would be able to provide better suggestion of medical term subtitling in practical and research study.
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Cheng, Huichun, and 鄭慧君. "Analyzing Register Mismatches in the English-Chinese Translation of Medical Terms in the Patient Information Leaflets." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31689263884257623520.
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碩士國立彰化師範大學
翻譯研究所
98
In an optimal translational eco-system, translators, taking on the role as producers, render the source Patient Information Leaflets (PILs) into a target production transferring the medicinal information digestible for medicine users. The translation of PILs in this optimal eco-system is expected to appropriately activate the accurate implementation of the course of treatment, thereby forestalling the potentially catastrophic risks from happening. Any mistranslation here may be not merely deemed as a disservice but also a source of undesirable results. In view of this, it is observed in this study that medical concepts expressed by medical terms might be hard to bring the accurate and complete knowledge to non-sepcialists. Accordingly, medical terms would be a perceptible and immediate difficulty for linguistically rather than medically specialized translators to tackle the task of linguistic mediation. As the cynosure of attentions from this study, medical terms are observed to discern register mismatches, presumably the obstacle to the activation of the implementation of the course of treatment, can be threefold- register mismatch in vivo, in vitro and in situ. In consideration of the relationship of readers to the specialized texts, the incoordination between the linguistic habits characterizing the genre of PILs as a highly-conventionalized ecotype and the appropriate tenor digestible to non-specialists gives rise to the register mismatches in vivo. On the part of the discrepancy between “the double-layered vocabulary” (i.e., everyday language v.s. specialized language) of English and that of Chinese, the register mismatches in vitro arise from this discrepancy and bring translational problems to another level. Furthermore, in the case when the mere choice of terms in the specialized language is available, the register mismatches in situ might primarily account for the inaccessibility of the information. The mismatch-induce inappropriateness and the suggestive responses to these problems will be discussed by dint of the decomposition of the observed register mismatches from the selected PILs of four medicines, in the source (English) and the target (Chinese) languages, into the analytical-cum-suggestive units and thus the assemblage of these units into a presumably instructive guidance for non-specialist translators to produce the text digestible to non-specialist readers. In so doing, appropriateness and accuracy, regarded as a twin pillar upholding the utmost commitment, “primum non nocere,” (“The first thing is to do no harm” in Latin) in the field of medicine in this study, can be constructed in the translation.
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Tsai, Mong-Hsuan, and 蔡孟軒. "Analysis of the Relationship Between Diseases and Climates in 24 Solar Terms with a Large–Scale Medical Database." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/563vw3.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
生醫電子與資訊學研究所
100
The relationships between temperature and other climatic factors and diseases have been widely understood in some relationships between climatic factors and diseases but not been comprehensive enough in the other certain relationships, especially in the twenty-four solar terms time-scale. “Solar Terms” in Chinese culture is the specific calendar in conjunction with the seasonal climate in a year and can create best harvest. In traditional Chinese medicine the climate changes of four seasons makes human body imbalance and cause disease, but there are not enough literatures to present exact statistics specific in the relationship between disease and climate on the annual twenty-four solar terms. In this study we used the data from outpatient records during years from 2005 to 2010 in National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and climatic factors including temperature and atmospheric pressure during the same years in Central Weather Bureau. Data in Gregorian calendar time scale would be transformed into twenty-four solar terms and mined. We also used cross-correlation coefficients to present the relationships between climates and diseases, and tried to explain how climatic factors impact diseases in the time scale of the solar terms on the view of traditional Chinese medicine by the modern theory. In addition to the observations to the average annual trend of diseases, this study also used Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) in Hilbert-Huang Transform to decompose many Internal Mode Functions (Intrinsic Mode Function), exploring the trend of diseases in the time scale of solar terms, as well as comparing diseases to explore the comorbidity. We also compared many parameters to select the ideal solution to the disease data decomposed by EEMD. The trends of climate data and the relationship with diseases were also explored by the aforementioned methods We obtained many results after these experiments. In addition to non-decomposed statistic results, we also found that EMD/EEMD algorithm can filter noises from the data and get smoother cyclical functions. While the more decomposition of the volatility of disease information but also makes more relevant to be searched out, and for the other study. As more functions decomposed, the more relationships would be found and could be studied more.
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Tembane, Seleka Maria. "A comparative study of medical and health terms with special reference to seSotho sa Leboa and Western teminology." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26660.
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This study focuses on the comparison of medical and health terms with special reference to
Sesotho sa Leboa and Western languages. The study was conducted in the communities of
Zebediela, Groblersdal and Marble Hall. From time immemorial, traditional medical and health
terms were associated with certain types of diseases and health problems among Africans. With
the introduction of Western civilisation, most of the medical and health terms which were used
in the past by the Basotho ba Leboa, are no longer in use, as Western languages are regarded
as prestige languages compared to the indigenous African languages. This perception led to a
shortage of Sesotho sa Leboa documents that explain medical and health terms. The literature
review revealed that traditional medicine is used for healing by many communities. Scholars
further revealed that Western health terminology is more developed than traditional health
terminology. The study uses the qualitative approach to explain concepts, and coding schemes
were used to categorise medical and health terms. Ethnographic and historical theories were
used to analyse data. The similarities and differences between the Sesotho sa Leboa terms and
their Western counterparts were discussed and assessed. The study found that a relationship exists between diseases and the body parts in both Sesotho sa Leboa and Western terminology,
and that the diseases were classified according to the affected body parts. The medical terms
of both languages have similar and different semantic properties. Most of the differences were
brought about by the cultural differences of the two communities. As the Sesotho sa Leboa
medical terms are inimitable, the culture specific terms used in this study are discussed in
Sesotho sa Leboa rather than in Western terminology. Conversely, as most of the recent
outbreaks of diseases are named in Western terminology, they are translated into Sesotho sa
Leboa.African Languages
D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)