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Journal articles on the topic 'Medical wastes'
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Hosseinzadeh, Ali, Saeid Gitipour, Maryam Pazoki, Mir Amir Mohammad Reshadi, Morteza Nazaripour, and Masomeh Rezaei. "Management of Medical Wastes in Public Hospitals: A Case Study." Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research 10, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jaehr.10.4.1269.
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Background: Medical wastes are one of the health and environmental challenges across the globe. Also, hospitals are one of the most important medical waste generators. Methods: In this study, the quantity and composition of solid wastes generated in 10 public hospitals in the city of Tehran were investigated. Medical wastes were classified into four groups and the one-year average was considered. Results: The results showed that the range of waste generation in public hospitals was from 107.5 to 2508 kg/day. Considering account hospital beds, the production of medical wastes in public hospitals was 3.53 kg/bed/day. Moreover, 67.45% of medical wastes in the hospitals studied included common wastes, but infectious and sharp wastes accounted for 31.65% of the medical wastes. Besides, chemical and pharmacy wastes accounted for an average of 0.8% of the medical wastes. Conclusion: Due to the importance of medical waste management, it is necessary to pay more attention to segregation and reduce the proportion of infectious wastes in the hospital studied.
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Liang, Qin. "Review and Research on Medical Waste Recycling Network." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 10, no. 1 (March 26, 2024): 231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/y080v252.
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The mass production of medical wastes has tested the safety of urban public health, and the recovery and disposal of medical wastes is imminent. Under various environmental backgrounds, such as the sudden increase in the number of medical wastes, the late start of the medical waste recycling industry in China, the low disposal rate, and the improper treatment of medical wastes affecting the environment and personal safety, medical wastes should be managed in a timely and standardized manner, and effective strategies should be put forward to minimize the environmental pollution caused by medical wastes. Therefore, in recent years, this paper studies the optimization of medical waste recycling network and summarizes the current research status of medical waste recycling network in academic circles.
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Shashi kant and Neeraj Sharma. "Bio medical waste management in Jammu city." Environment Conservation Journal 4, no. 1-3 (December 22, 2003): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2003.0412314.
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Ironically waste was not a problem for the society when man was primitive and uncivilized. The proliferation of modern concept of consumerism supplemented with culture of disposables has aggravated the waste problem. These biomedical wastes along with the municipal wastes commonly exceed the carrying capacity of biosphere to reabsorb and recycle. The present paper deals with the status of Bio medical waste management in Jammu city. 42 government and private health institutions have been identified which generate about 3917 kg/day @ 1.52 Kg/bed/day contributing 26% to the municipal solid waste. The paper seeks to demonstrate the waste collection, segregation, treatment and disposal of the wastes in the otherwise unplanned city of temples.
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Keene, John H. "Medical Waste: A Minimal Hazard." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 12, no. 11 (November 1991): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646266.
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Healthcare providers need to be aware of the facts regarding the environmental impact of regulated medical wastes and be prepared to voice concern over unnecessary and costly regulations. The wash-ups of waste, a small percentage of which was medical waste, on the beaches on New York and New Jersey in the summers of 1987 and 1988 prompted an immediate response by state and federal governments. Although it was demonstrated that this medical waste did not originate in healthcare facilities,' the public demanded that their elected representatives do something about what they perceived to be the degradation of the environment and a risk to public health caused by “uncontrolled dumping” of “medical wastes” into the ocean. As a result of these and other occurrences, several environmental concerns regarding the treatment and disposal of medical waste were voiced by the public and acknowledged by the legislators. These included the following: aesthetic damage to the environment; potential public health problems associated with infectious agents in medical waste; and potential environmental contamination with hazardous chemicals and radioactivity associated with medical wastes.
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Sharma, B. S., and A. Khajuria. "Assesment of bio-medical waste generated in Government hospitals, Agra city (India)." Environment Conservation Journal 9, no. 3 (December 18, 2008): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2008.090319.
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Bio-medical wastes include anatomical, pathological and clinical infectious/ hazardous organic and inorganic wastes. These wastes are disposed off in unscientifically manner. The study has been conducted in the government healthcare establishment only to reveal the per day waste generation on each patient, present mode of waste management within the units bed our suggestions which has helped the units to improve their waste management practices, in the city of Agra.
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Filip, Gabriela Maria, and Valeria Mirela Brezoczki. "MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT WITHIN THE INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND PSYCHIATRY HOSPITAL, BAIA MARE." Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering 32, no. 1 (2018): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.37193/sbsd.2018.1.08.
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The paper presents several aspects of the general theme related to medical waste management and elimination in a health unit in Baia Mare. Therefore, non-hazardous wastes are collected like household wastes, being temporarily stored in euro containers and transported by S.C. DRUSAL S.A. The hazardous wastes are selectively collected in special containers, temporarily stored in an especially laid out storage unit and transported by the S.C. ECO BURN S.R.L company to the "Stery Cycle" Bucuresti waste incineration plan.
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Habib Choudhury, Md Monjurul, Nilufar Jahan, Tafhim Ahmed Rifat, Progya Laboni Tina, and Md Samir Uddin. "Medical Waste Management Practices in Sylhet City among Healthcare Providers." Medicine Today 35, no. 1 (April 13, 2023): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/medtoday.v35i1.64932.
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Introduction: In the present world, large amount of wastes are clinical wastes, generated during diagnosis, treatment and research purpose. Most of the clinical wastes are hazardous like infectious, toxic of radioactive compounds. It is challenging to ensure proper waste management for developing countries like Bangladesh. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among doctors, nurse, nursing assistants, OT technicians, janitors, helper, sanitary worker and security guards at different private hospitals, clinics and diagnostic centers in Sylhet city. 300 healthcare staffs were purposively interviewed to evaluate the extend practices of biological or hospital waste management from January 2021 to December 2021. The study was conducted after taking informed written consent. Results: The outcomes of the present study indicated that maximum of the study participants were knowledgeable. But majority (71%) still do not use PPE (Personal protective equipment), 53% were not immunized against hepatitis B. They also had less practice to keep the hospital wastes in correct color coded container and less practice of washing the waste container properly. Conclusion: Most participants valued the significance of waste management practice to prevent health hazards but average practice was observed among them. For proper waste handling and disposal, frequent awareness program should be conducted among the health personnel. Medicine Today 2023 Vol.35(1): 12-15
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Rosenberg, Carol S. "Disposal of Medical Wastes." Diabetes Educator 15, no. 3 (June 1989): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014572178901500302.
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Obioma, Azuonwu, Ahiakwo Christian, and Egba Promise Chijioke. "Poor COVID 19 Pandemic Waste Management Outcome in Nigeria: A Possible Potential Public Health Threat and Promoter of Community Transmission." Biomedical Research and Clinical Reviews 1, no. 2 (September 4, 2020): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2692-9406/013.
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Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic outcome which is an emerging infectious disease that potentially originated from Wuhan in China has seen an upsurge of cases and deaths globally over time. One of the consequences found in the course of the management of these viral pandemic involves the massive production and usage of different myriad of medical supplies to meet up the increasing demands by health workers, patients and the public. This trend has resulted in the proliferation of medical wastes against a backdrop of poor waste management outcome especially in Nigeria. Aim The aim of this article borders on bringing to light the effects of improperly managed medical wastes, and the risks it poses to human health and the environment at large. Furthermore also, to outline various types of medical wastes and the guidelines associated with their disposal, especially those associated with management of COVID-19 pandemic saga. Method/Methodology The study approach follows the systematic review of peer-reviewed published articles as well as online publications and articles derived from various databases with search keywords relevant to the topic of discourse. Findings and Results Findings from this study show that the coronavirus disease of 2019 has spread widely globally with massive socio-economic and socio-cultural consequences. Over time there has been a progressive increase in cases and deaths due to Covid-19 in Nigeria and most other countries. The management of COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the proliferation of medical wastes. Medical wastes are those generated from the use of medical supplies in the course of healthcare delivery and disease prevention such as hand gloves, facemasks, and hazmat suits etc. Medical wastes legislations that support the proper disposal of medical wastes in Nigeria and most other developing nations have been very weak and have failed to achieve the desired results, with high incidences of infectious diseases such as HIV and Hepatitis still being transmitted through improperly disposed of wastes. Therefore improperly waste disposal may probably serve as a very potent means of community transmission of COVID-19 transmission, if not handled in good time especially the freshly disposed materials Conclusion and Recommendation While the generation of massive wastes is being seen in this COVID-19 pandemic period, it may be unavoidable that there could be re-infection of subjects from improper medical waste disposal strategies. Thus, it is pertinent that relevant regulations are put in place, enforced and monitored to ensure that improperly managed wastes do not form another avenue for widespread of the virus in our communities. It is also very necessary to organize massive campaigns aimed at creating enough public awareness of the risks associated with medical wastes and on the need for proper disposal especially COVID 19 associated waste materials.
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Yustina, Endang Wahyati. "ASPEK HUKUM PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS PADA FASILITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DAN PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN." Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan 6, no. 1 (July 16, 2021): 98–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.25170/paradigma.v6i1.2585.
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Hazardous and Toxic Waste/ (Hazardous and Toxic Materials) is the residue of a business and/or activity containing hazardous and toxic materials (B3). One of the B3 wastes is medical waste, which is an infectious waste generated from activities at health care facilities, in the form of solid or liquid waste. These medical wastes are generated from activities such as hospitals, community health centres, independent practice places, clinics, etc. Amenities. Medical waste is an infectious object or item that must be properly managed, starting from the time of collection, transportation, to the destruction process. Therefore, it is necessary to have legally binding regulations related to waste and its management.
This research is descriptive in nature which will produce a regulatory description of B3 waste management, particularly medical waste with the protection of environmental health rights. The research approach used normative legal approach. The data collected is in the form of secondary data, while the method of analysis used is qualitative analysis methods.
The results showed that the more human activity increased, the more waste was generated. Medical waste is one of the B3 wastes. Medical waste is waste that is directly generated from the diagnosis and medical treatment of patients in health care facilities, such as in polyclinic, nursing, surgical, obstetrics, autopsy and laboratory rooms. To avoid environmental risks, medical waste management must be carried out properly. Various laws and regulations for the management of B3 waste have been enacted, including Government Regulation No. 19/1994 (PP 19/1994) concerning Management of Hazardous and Toxic Wastes up to PP 101/2014. The provisions regarding B3 waste management are based on Law Number 32 the Year 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPLH). However, related to medical waste, it still needs to be synchronized with the regulations in Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health. Regulations on medical waste management aim to protect environmental health. Medical waste management can prevent environmental pollution and prevent disease transmission (infection) and prevent waste misuse.
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Han, Jun Shu, Zheng Wang, Li Hua Wu, Chao Wu, and Wen Chang Zhang. "Design of a Small Medical Waste Pyrolysis Furnance." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 3590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3590.
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In this paper, a small medical waste pyrolysis furnance, which could disposal 1t wastes, is designed for the safe disposal of medical wastes, by in-depth research of pyrolysis, detailed calculation analysis, and considering the experimental results and other factors in general. The flue gas treatment system of the small medical waste pyrolysis furnance is designed applying 3T principle, and the dioxin’s later synthesis is controlled, so the dioxin emissions problem is also resolved. The results show that the small furnance has reasonable configuration, works reliably, and it could self-support freely, its emissions meet the national standards for the dioxin emissions 0.213 ng/m3.
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Sakalova, Halyna, Olena Khodanitska, and Liliya Dzikhovska. "Problems of disinfection and processing of medical waste." Personality and environmental issues 1 (January 13, 2022): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31652/2786-6033-2022-1(1)-32-37.
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The article provides an analysis of medical waste management in Ukraine. As medical waste is hazardous, it partially reflects the handling of dangerous waste components, such as chemicals used in medicine, heavy metals wastes, and other separately collected waste components. Particular attention should be paid to medical waste because it can be not only a source of infectious but also toxic pollution. It can also contain very high concentrations of toxic compounds (cytostatics, antibiotics, and other drugs) and radioactive substances, which have a negative impact on human health and the environment. The amount of drugs and products of their metabolism that pollute the planet's water resources is increasing all over the world. That is why the problem of hazardous medical waste management in Ukraine needs to be solved. We have carried out monitoring of medical waste, effective methods of disposal, and storage of waste within the dental medical center. The classification of pharmaceutical and medical wastes and ways of reducing the environmental impact of medical wastes are researched. Biological waste, dressing material, polymer waste, metal, glass, chemical waste, mercury, X-ray film, paper, rubber, plaster casts, household waste were found among the medical waste of the dental clinic. The largest group of waste by weight in morphological composition are polymers (syringes, gloves, saliva ejector, etc.). Hygienic and ecological assessment of waste disinfection methods is presented and relevant recommendations are provided. The higher efficiency of autoclaving in comparison with chemical disinfection of medical waste according to certain regulatory parameters is proved. Because the chemical disinfection does not guarantee the complete destruction of the infectious agent, it is recommended only as a temporary method of waste disinfecting with the following packaging and labeling for special disinfection.
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MATSUSHIMA, Hajime. "Recent Trend in Medical Wastes. Management of Medical Waste in Large Scale Medical Institutions." Waste Management Research 7, no. 1 (1996): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.7.30.
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Dewi, Oktavia, Sukendi Sukendi, Yusni Ikhwan Siregar, and Elda Nazriati. "Analisis Limbah Medis Layanan Kesehatan Gigi Mandiri dan Potensi Pencemarannya di Kota Pekanbaru." Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia 6, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/dli.6.1.p.14-19.
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Healthcare development contributing positive outcome on public health status, but on the other side, medical waste existence become a troublesome as long as increased medical healthcare quantity particularly private dental healthcare. The amount of improperly managed medical wastes become accumulated and causing widespread pollution. The roblem of this study is improperly managed medical waste getting more increased causing widespread pollution. Even though 15-25 % of this contamination were categorized as hazardous waste, the risk is much greater. The purpose of this study was to analyze the number and types of private healthcare medical waste and its potential pollution. This study used descriptive qualitative with interviews and observations after conducting a survey of calculating the number and identification of medical waste types produced by private dental healthcare in Pekanbaru. The results showed 69% of infectious, 27% toxic, and 4% radioactive wastes. The presence of this medical waste has the potential to polluting water and soil environment, triggering health problems for health workers and high risk communities, and disrupting social and economic aspects of residents at nearby waste disposal. It is recommended that private dental healthcare to reduce generated medical wastes and to use safe and eco-friendly materials and tools for dental and oral care.
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Grace, Chapala Sara, Grace ., M. Sreeja, and M. Deepika. "Non-human Intervention Robot in Biomedical Waste Management." International Journal of Health Technology and Innovation 2, no. 01 (April 12, 2023): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.60142/ijhti.v2i01.75.
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Medical waste is one of the growing concerns worldwide, hidden in wolf’s clothing. A wide range of medical waste is being produced daily, which should be distinguished in its disposal and treatment. Collection, segregation and treatment of these wastes is quite problematic as it may spread diseases to the workers and cause harm. Biomedical waste management using autoclave incinerators, their establishment and maintenance is highly economical. We hereby come up with the idea of employing a robot under human control to collect, segregate and treat medical wastes
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TOKARCHUK, Dina. "FEATURES OF WASTE FORMATION AND ITS MANAGEMENT DURING THE HOSTILITIES: THE EXPERIENCE OF UKRAINE." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2(60) (August 30, 2022): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2022-2-8.
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The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of waste formation during the hostilities on the territory of Ukraine. With the beginning of active hostilities in the russian federation on the territory of our country is the destruction of industrial and communal facilities, there is a mass movement of people to the western regions and abroad, disrupting natural ecosystems, leading to large amounts of waste. The classification of wastes which are generated during hostilities is presented: military, wastes from demolition and damaged buildings, household and similar wastes, wastes from destruction of industrial objects, wastes of animal husbandry, medical wastes, natural burials. The peculiarities of each of the types of waste are determined and the directions of their effective management are outlined. It is substantiated that hazardous military waste requires safe disposal by the military and the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (hereinafter – SES); it is possible to reuse the metal from the damaged military equipment. It is noted that waste from damage of buildings and industrial facilities can be divided into safe, which can be partially reused in construction, and hazardous, which require disposal. The directions of medical waste management are outlined, which are massively generated both in hospitals in relatively «quiet» regions, where the wounded are brought, and in combat zones in the provision of emergency medical care – they must be disposed of according to medical protocols. Livestock waste (dead animals and poultry, products of their vital activity) in the zone of active hostilities during the destruction of poultry farms and farms may pose an ecological danger. The prospects of their use for energy purposes – as raw materials for biogas production are determined. The terrible consequence of the war is the formation of natural burials. The necessity of exhumation and reburial of the dead in specialized. Ways to reduce the generation of household waste in regions where internally displaced persons moved en masse are proposed. An algorithm for sorting these wastes with the separation of components that can be reused during hostilities or for other purposes is presented.
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WATANABE, Noboru. "Recent Trend in Medical Wastes. Proper and Lawful Disposal Practice of Medical Wastes." Waste Management Research 7, no. 1 (1996): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.7.40.
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Singh, Ajay, Bhaskar Agarwal, Srishti Agarwal, and Abhinav Shekhar. "Bio Medical Waste And Dentistry." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 5, no. 3 (2011): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-5-3-153.
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ABSTRACT This article provides dentists with the information they need to properly dispose of mercury and amalgam waste, and provides suggestions for managing the other wastes that result from the day-to-day activities of a dental office such as used X-ray fixers and developers; cleaners for X-ray developer systems; lead foils, shields and aprons; chemiclave/chemical sterilant solutions; disinfectants, cleaners, and other chemicals; and, general office waste.
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Yoon, Jeongyeon, Younghan Yoon, Sang Leen Yun, and Wontae Lee. "The Current State of Management and Disposal of Wastes Related to COVID-19 : A review." Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers 43, no. 12 (December 31, 2021): 739–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/ksee.2021.43.12.739.
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Objectives : This paper summarizes effective waste management and disposal methods for plastic and medical wastes during the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic.Methods : We reviewed the literatures reporting and identifying the current status and characteristics of wastes related to COVID-19, and the management and treatment guidelines for those wastes. We also investigated various technologies for waste treatment and disposal, and assessed the current status and future direction of the technologies in Korea.Results and Discussion : In the first half of 2020 in Korea, the amount of plastic waste produced had increased by 15.6% year-on-year, and medical waste production also increased significantly from 0.6 ton in January 2020 to 2,928 ton in August 2021. All of the infectious wastes are currently being incinerated in Korea, but there are concerns on air pollutant emissions and insufficient treatment facilities. Municipal solid waste also suffers from a lack of landfill capacity and low price competitiveness in the recycling industry.Conclusions : Policy and system need to be improved to reduce the infectious waste generation from the sources, and treatment and disposal technologies for produced wastes also need to be developed. Furthermore, hospitals and health care facilities should establish their own waste reducing systems which may include chemical treatment and sterilization units.
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Angkasali, Daniel, Peter Surjo, Rafaella Shiene Wijaya, Muhammad Mikail Athif Zhafir Asyura, and Slamet. "Utilization of Medical Mask Wastes as Filter Material for Air Purification Units." Asian Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 12 (2022): 3151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2022.24002.
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The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the amount of infectious medical wastes produced, with medical mask wastes being one of the largest contributors. Present research focuses on trying to turn medical mask waste into a functioning air filter by modifying it with CuO/TiO2 to reduce the amount of infectious medical wastes laying around. Synthesis of CuO/TiO2 was confirmed with FESEM-EDX, UV-Vis DRS and XRD techniques. The optimum amount of Cu added (1%wt of TiO2) was determined by assessing the degradation performance of the modified medical mask wastes against an organic pollutant (methylene blue) and a biological pollutant (S. aureus). The filter was then integrated into a simple air purifying unit and complemented with a UV-C germicidal lamp and a plasma ion generator. The prototype of the simple air purifying unit was able to degrade 100% tobacco smoke in less than 15 min and 30.8% CO gas in 30 min.
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Alani, R., D. Nwude, and O. Adeniyi. "Assessment of Hospital Wastes Management Practices in Lagos, Nigeria, using Two Health Care Centres as Case Studies." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 3, no. 2 (October 2019): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2019.02.0121.
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Hospital wastes are highly infectious and can pose serious threat to human health. As the rate at which these wastes are generated is getting rapidly higher because of rapid urbanization and population growth, also the problem of disposal of these wastes is becoming more serious. It is of utmost importance that these wastes receive specialized treatment and management prior to their final disposal. Some of these wastes are mixed with household wastes, and the entire pile becomes a great public health hazard. Scavengers search through the piles for salable items, which they wash, repack and resell to the public, endangering their lives, and that of the entire public. Until recently, the management of medical wastes has received little attention despite their potential environmental hazards and public health risks. The collection, storage and disposal of medical wastes in Lagos are of growing environmental problem which needs immediate attention. This study was carried out to assess the current waste management practices in terms of type of wastes and quantities of waste generated in the healthcare facilities and the waste handling and disposal practices; also, to assess the level of awareness of health workers regarding hospital and clinical waste management. Two health care facilities in Lagos state were used as case studies. These hospitals are secondary facilities providing emergency, surgical, material and child health services. The methodology design was mainly of qualitative and involved physical observation, questionnaire administration, quantitative data collection procedures and manipulation, data analysis and interpretation. The findings showed that there was almost no knowledge of hospital waste management policy in the two health care facilities among the management staff, which seemed to confirm the premium on hospital wastes and their poor management.
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Bayusunuputro, Billy Zia Napoleon, Chriswardani Suryawati, and Nurjazuli Nurjazuli. "SOLID MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT COSTS BETWEEN OUTSOURCING AND SELF-MANAGED SYSTEM AT HOSPITAL DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Jurnal Riset Kesehatan 10, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jrk.v10i2.7031.
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Health service programs aim to improve the level of society’s health. On one side, it will give benefit public health, and on the other side, it will have a bad impact if the process is not managed appropriately. Health service activities produces wastes, one of which is solid waste. It is important to know the problem related to the process and cost of the solid medical waste management, which is part of the B3 wastes (hazardous and toxic wastes). The B3 waste management is under the supervision of public health facilities which have the security and cost responsibilities. The costs include investment cost, maintenance cost, cooperation cost or cost of the third-hand management, and consumable cost. This study compares solid medical waste cost between outsourcing systems and self-management systems in the X hospital during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study uses descriptive research in a qualitative approach through observation, document review, and cost calculation for data collection. The study results show that the process of solid medical waste management has been running well. In addition, self-managed solid medical waste management is cheaper than outsourcing management.
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Khamitova, G. M., and A. I. Khabirov. "Legal regulation of medical waste disposal in foreign law." Journal of Law and Administration 17, no. 2 (July 16, 2021): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2021-2-59-53-60.
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Introduction. The article considers international and national experience in legal regulation of medical waste disposal. The special attention is given to foreign experience and possibility of application and perfection of the legislation on medical waste recycling in the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. Realization of research tasks has been reached on the basis of studying theoretical and practical experience of foreign countries concerning regulation of medical waste utilization. The study is based on the method of analysis of the current regulatory and legal framework in the Russian Federation, the practice of applying the legislation by judicial and other competent authorities and existing European (world) standards for the purposes of legal unification. Study results. In the article experience of the foreign countries concerning legal regulation of medical waste recycling, presented in the works of foreign and domestic researchers, the legislation of foreign countries is considered; the analysis of the sources regulating recycling of medical waste is conducted; various concepts of classifications of medical waste are revealed.Discussion and conclusions. The study showed that polymorphism of medical waste is both an epidemiological and environmental hazard. The problem is compounded by the potential hazards that arise from contact with these wastes, such as toxicity, radioactivity and infection. This is why environmental and environmental legislation is of particular importance, along with health and sanitary legislation. These legal norms should be taken into account by medical institutions when developing procedures for handling hospital waste. On the basis of the above-stated it seems expedient to study the experience of developed countries, in particular of the USA and the European states, concerning legal regulation of utilization of medical wastes as the problem of safe handling of medical wastes is important for each subject of the Russian Federation.
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Sadeghi, Mahdi, Abdolmajid Fadaei, and M. Ataee. "Assessment of hospitals medical waste management in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province in Iran." Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science 5, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26832/24566632.2020.0502011.
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The hospital wastes could threaten the surface waters, ground waters, soil, air environment and humans’ health. This study was intended to investigate the management of medical waste generated in hospitals of Charharmahal and Bakhtiari province, located in south west of Iran. The samples came from all 9 province’s hospitals with 1156 beds. The data forms and questionnaires were completed. The questionnaire contained questions about the generation of waste and practices related to separation, collection, storage, transport, treatment and final disposal, and training and awareness. The highest generation rate on a bed basis of 3.22±0.4 kg/bed/day was found in Shohada hospital, and the lowest rate was 1.37±0.2 kg/bed/day for Sina hospital. There was significant variation (P<0.05). The average general waste production rate was 2.12±0.37 kg/bed/day at all the surveyed hospitals. The highest percentage (63%) of total medical wastes were general, 36.05% were infectious wastes. About 44.44% of the hospitals have used autoclave to disinfect their infectious medical waste prior to disposal, while incineration is used in 33.33% of the hospitals. All hospitals (100%) indicated their needs and willingness to participate in future specialized training programs in medical waste management. It has been suggested that enhancing the education, awareness and promoting programs about medical waste management for cleaning workers, doctors, nurses, and technicians.
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Giakoumakis, Georgios, Dorothea Politi, and Dimitrios Sidiras. "Medical Waste Treatment Technologies for Energy, Fuels, and Materials Production: A Review." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 8065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238065.
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The importance of medical waste management has grown during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the increase in medical waste quantity and the significant dangers of these highly infected wastes for human health and the environment. This innovative review focuses on the possibility of materials, gas/liquid/solid fuels, thermal energy, and electric power production from medical waste fractions. Appropriate and promising treatment/disposal technologies, such as (i) acid hydrolysis, (ii) acid/enzymatic hydrolysis, (iii) anaerobic digestion, (vi) autoclaving, (v) enzymatic oxidation, (vi) hydrothermal carbonization/treatment, (vii) incineration/steam heat recovery system, (viii) pyrolysis/Rankine cycle, (ix) rotary kiln treatment, (x) microwave/steam sterilization, (xi) plasma gasification/melting, (xii) sulfonation, (xiii) batch reactor thermal cracking, and (xiv) torrefaction, were investigated. The medical waste generation data were collected according to numerous researchers from various countries, and divided into gross medical waste and hazardous medical waste. Moreover, the medical wastes were separated into categories and types according to the international literature and the medical waste fractions’ percentages were estimated. The capability of the examined medical waste treatment technologies to produce energy, fuels, and materials, and eliminate the medical waste management problem, was very promising with regard to the near future.
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Wei, Shou Qi, Si Si Zhu, Zhi Jie Liu, Zhen Yuan Su, Ming Li, and Xu Chen. "Study on Pyrolytic Furnace for Medical Wastes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1820–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1820.
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This paper introduces a kind of removable pyrolytic furnace for the medical wastes based on the combined methods of thermal decomposition and combustion. Use the environmental protection design to minimize the pollution and the secondary pollution. Due to many infectious medical wastes cannot be transported, and must be solved locally, so infectious waste thermal decomposition furnace emerges as the time requires. Based on the thermal decomposition principle to decompose the organic, before combustion, the garbage should be carbonized first, so the original structures of polymer can be destructed, and be transformed into low molecular compounds. Heat it by heating resistance after gasification so it can continues to burn, this can decompose the dioxin and prevent the synthetic of dioxin at the largest degree. Its differential to other equipments is that it using the electric energy, the thermal decomposition furnace is internal of the incinerator in structure, which plays the effect of energy saving, so it is energy conservation and environmental protection. It is easy to install and convenient to use.
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KINOSHITA, Masaaki. "Recent Trend in Medical Wastes. Proper Management of Infectious Waste." Waste Management Research 7, no. 1 (1996): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/wmr.7.5.
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HOSOBUCHI, K. "Countermeasures for Medical Wastes taken by Medical Industries." JAPANES JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 63, no. 12 (December 1, 1993): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4286/ikakikaigaku.63.12_541.
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Oyebode, O. J., and J. A. Otoko. "Medical Waste Management and Design of a Low-Cost Incinerator for Reduction of Environmental Pollution in a Multi-System Hospital." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 21, no. 4 (December 1, 2022): 1933–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2022.v21i04.048.
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Pollution of the environment and inappropriate management of medical wastes are major challenges facing developing countries and this must be tackled with recent technology for public health, enhanced natural ecosystems, and a better environment. This research is a two-step process that involves the assessment of the existing Hospital waste management practices in a multi-system Hospital in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Excess air, kerosene (auxiliary fuel), single chamber, Batch-fed (Manual feeding), and controlled air incinerator were designed. Wastes were loaded once at the beginning of the combustion cycle followed by combustion, ash burnout, cool down, and ash removal to assist medical waste management. Findings revealed that personnel involved in handling medical waste were equipped with inadequate protective gear. Medical waste was handled together with municipal waste and both wastes were incinerated in an open dumpsite without engineered sanitary landfill at disposal locations constituting a nuisance with a high risk of pollution to the surrounding environment. The incinerator was designed for a waste load of 269 kg.day-1. It consists of four zones; the waste and combustion zone (2.7 m × 1.8 m × 1 m), the ash zone (0.23 m height), the combustion fumes and one-second retention zone (0.43 m height) as well as the excess air zone (0.46 m height). This low-cost medical waste incinerator has a lot of improvement, operational effectiveness, and efficiency to the currently available techniques. Viable recommendations made will improve the state of environmental health and reduce the harmful effects of medical waste.
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Khadzhynova, O. "Relationship Between Economic Security and Waste Processing Levels Among EU Countries." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1269, no. 1 (November 1, 2023): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1269/1/012002.
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Abstract The article explores the relationship between economic security and the dynamics of waste processing among various groups in EU countries. The analysis of waste processing dynamics among EU countries was conducted both from the perspective of the type of processing (Energy recovery, Recycling) and from the perspective of the type of waste generation (recyclable wastes, mixed ordinary wastes, animal and mixed food waste, chemical and medical wastes). In addition, significant attention was paid to determining the relationship between the level of economic development and waste processing nationally among different EU countries. Using regression models, the magnitude of the average marginal impact of the level of economic growth on waste processing volumes among EU countries was determined.
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SK, Munshi. "Prevalence of Pathogenic Microorganisms and Determination of Possible Presence of Antimicrobial Residues in Industrial and Medical Wastes." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 6, no. 4 (2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000209.
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Waste materials discharged from any industries without any treatment may cause serious environmental problems which may consequently affect public health. Present study design to screen the proliferation of microorganisms in different waste and environmental samples near industrial areas along with the assessment of the presence of antibacterial substances. The existence of the total viable bacteria and fungi was estimated up to 10 7 cfu/g and 10 4 cfu/g, respectively, in solid wastes. For liquid wastes, the total viable bacteria were recovered up to 10 7 cfu/mL and fungi were observed up to 10 5 cfu/mL. Both types of samples were found to be contaminated with an array of pathogenic bacteria including Klebsiella spp ., Staphylococcus spp ., and Vibrio spp . Conversely, some medical and pharmaceutical waste samples were found to inhibit the growth of laboratory isolates tested which indicate the presence of antibiotics residues. Finally, the huge microbial load and the possible presence of antibiotic or other antimicrobial residues render the samples a major public health concern.
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Yaseen AL Kindi, Ghayda, and . "Evaluation of the Reality of the Management and Treatment of Solid Waste in Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.20 (November 28, 2018): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.27417.
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The aim of this study is to evaluate the reality of the management and treatment of solid waste in Al-Yarmouk teaching hospital, it’s observed that total generation rate of solid waste per day was 116.133 kg/day. while the rate of medical waste generation was 55.075 kg/day. More than 50% of this waste was generated in the surgery rooms and patients' rooms. As well as, it was found that the generation rate of waste for each bed per day was (0.87) kg, while it was (0.28 kg/bed.day) of medical solid waste. In addition, the medical wastes characteristics are studied by taking samples during 3 months of 2017, and analyzing them to determine their moisture content and density. The moisture content are observed between (1.7-30%, 40-56%) for medical and general waste respectively. While the density are (270.4 and 239), kg/m3 for medical and general waste respectively. In addition, the number of surgical operations and the number of patients per day are shown to be most important factors affecting the generation rate of medical waste in the hospital. The treatment of medical wastes for Al-Yarmouk Hospital adopts a system of steam sterilization in a special system.
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Bayat, Najmeh, Ramin Nabizadeh, Kamyar Yaghmaeian, Mohammad Hadi Dehghani, Hamed Soleimani, Masoomeh Askari, and Mahmood Alimohammadi. "Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Medical Wastes of Shariati Hospital in Tehran." Journal of Advances in Environmental Health Research 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jaehr.2023.01.
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Background: Given the increasing need for health care and the expansion of various medical facilities in health care centers, it is necessary to determine the adverse effects of subsequent medical wastes. In this study, we aimed to perform a qualitative and quantitative analysis of medical wastes of Shariati public hospital in Tehran. Methods: We weighted the medical wastes to determine the share of each hospital section in total hazardous medical wastes generation. Then, the components of common and infectious medical wastes were analyzed. The raw data were analyzed using Excel and R software. Results: The total amount of generated medical wastes of common, infectious, sharp, and chemical/ pharmaceutical wastes in the hospital were 982.78±27.08, 885.76±26.11, 37.062±1.55, and 45.33±3.2 kg/day, respectively, and the average amount of wastes generation in each ward of the hospital per day was between 1.47-6.86 kg/bed. Also, we considered the production of medical wastes in detail and found that it was 0.61-3.11, 0.77-4.78, 0.03-0.23 and 0.01-0.91 Kg/patient/day for common, infectious, sharp and chemical/pharmaceutical wastes, respectively. Conclusion: The average amount of wastes produced in the hospital was consistent with the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) report based on the amount of daily wastes generation in academic hospitals (4.1-8.7 kg/bed/day). However, the overall amount of infectious and sharp wastes in the hospital was 47.37% which exceeded the recommended amount by the WHO (15-25%).
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Li, Chih-Shan, and Fu-Tien Jenq. "Physical and Chemical Composition of Hospital Waste." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 14, no. 3 (March 1993): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646700.
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AbstractFor selecting the most efficient treatment method of hospital waste, the composition analysis is generally considered to be the fundamental information. Currently, there are few studies regarding the characteristics of hospital waste. This study evaluated the physical and elemental composition of the hospital waste at the National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH). The results should help us design an incinerator for the treatment of infectious waste, plastic syringes, pathological waste, and kitchen waste. During the study period, the estimated daily waste generation rate at NTUH was 4,600 kg/day, which consisted of 4,100 kg/day noninfectious refuse, 340 kg/day infectious waste, 70 kg/day kitchen waste, 50 kg/day pathological waste, and 40 kg/day plastic syringes. The NTUH waste consisted of 99.02% combustible wastes and 0.97% noncombustible wastes by mass. The combustibie wastes constituted paper (16.17%), textiles (9.77%), cardboard, wood, and leaves (1.12%), food waste (21.5 1%), and plastics (50.45%). The noncombustible waste included 0.40% metal and 0.57% glass. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that the wastes contained 38% moisture, 4% ashes, and 58% solid with an average heat value of 3,400 kcal/kg. From the elemental analysis, the dominant elements were found to be carbon (34%) and oxygen (15%).
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Bhatia, Shashi Kant. "Wastewater Based Microbial Biorefinery for Bioenergy Production." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 17, 2021): 9214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169214.
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A continuous increase in global population is demanding more development and industrialization, which leads to the production of various waste such as municipal wastewater, agricultural waste, industrial waste, medical waste, electronic wastes, etc [...]
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Alam, MZ, MS Islam, and MR Islam. "Medical Waste Management: A Case Study on Rajshahi City Corporation in Bangladesh." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 6, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22062.
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The management of medical waste (MW) is of great importance due to its impact on human health and environment. The present practices of improper management of generated medical wastes in different Healthcare Establishment (HCEs) in Rajshahi City Corporation (RCC) is playing a contributing role to create vulnerable condition in spreading out the Diarrhea, Hepatitis and various skin related diseases. The objectives of the study are to identify different types of wastes, its generation rate and assess the existing waste management in various HCEs. The study was carried out in 14 different HCEs that generated much portion of MW of total generated MW in RCC. The methodology of this project was descriptive and consisted of the use of field survey and interviews with the relevant authorities and personnel involved in the management of MW. It was found that the surveyed HCEs generate a total of 1495 kg/day of MW; of which about 1328.6 kg/day (88.87%) are non-infectious and about 166.4 kg/day (11.13%) are infectious. The average waste generation rate for surveyed HCEs is 1.54 kg/bed/day or 0.30 kg/patient/day. It was found from the survey that there is no proper and systematic management of medical wastes. The study reveals that lack of awareness; financial support and willingness are responsible for improper management of MW. So the RCC and HCEs authorities should adopt appropriate policy regarding this issue and provide training program on relevant personnel who are engaged in medical waste management.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22062 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 173-178 2013
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Ganis, Ahmad. "MEDICAL WASTES MANAGEMENT A POLICY REVIEW." JURNAL GREEN GROWTH DAN MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jgg.022.01.
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Ganis, Ahmad. "MEDICAL WASTES MANAGEMENT A POLICY REVIEW." JURNAL GREEN GROWTH dan MANAJEMEN LINGKUNGAN 3, no. 2 (June 30, 2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jgg.032.01.
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Abstract
Since so many mishandling of medical waste in various places in Indonesia that has endangered our environment by the potential disease that easily can spread to our society , it is very important for all of us to address it on how to improve the medical waste management. There are area of improvement needed in our regulation, public policies disciplines and social awareness and especially the importance of proper handling of medical waste by the medical waste producers such as hospital, clinic and laboratories. This study is not intended to produce scientific theory but more focus on how to solve the problem of medical waste with the limit time and less costly manner or in the other words as a macro diagnosis of “the main causes of the problems” of medical waste management in Indonesia. This study has made clear conclusion that Indonesia has to follow the basic principle and guidelines of International standards and recommends improvement of the coordination between Ministry of Health and Ministry of Environment, toward “one roof policy”, “strong political will of top government to empower MOE and also Law No. 18, 2008 and Law No. 32, 2009 must be reviewed toward “Polluter pay the price” Policy. The government also must allocate sufficient fund to function as regulator and controlling body and increase social awareness for environmental health.
Key note: Medical waste, public policy, environmental health
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Jeba, Jafrin Sultana, and Md Mujibor Rahman. "Medical waste management in Khulna City Corporation, Bangladesh." National Geographical Journal of India 66, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.48008/ngji.1750.
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Management of medical waste or Clinical Solid Waste (CSW) is a major challenge for developing world and poor countries. In a developing country like Bangladesh, poor and inappropriate handling of medical waste continuously increases health risks, as well as environmental risks thus treatment and management of Health-Care Waste (HCW), are important here. This study reviews the current situation of medical waste management (MWM) and practices in Khulna City Corporation, Bangladesh, and examines possible solutions for further study. Both qualitative and quantitative data were used in this study. The study was conducted in 30 HCEs (Health Care Establishments) within Khulna City Corporation. The Result of the study unveiled an unsatisfactory management system in the surveyed HCEs. The entire city corporation's waste management is looked after through a public-private partnership between City Corporation and Prodipan (NGOs). Everyday 3509kg wastes are generated from HCEs within the City Corporation. Only 28% of the waste handling process related personnel claimed that they got training, none of these HCEs has their waste transportation (off-site transportation) facilities and for waste management, they entirely depend on City Corporation and Prodipan. For waste management, absence necessary plan and monitoring team makes it more difficult, only 33% of the surveyed HCEs showed their satisfaction for their manpower in this sector. Only 3.3% Health-Care Establishments (HCEs) have claimed that they have their distinguished treatment facilities for specific non-hazardous wastes. Insufficient collection and storage facilities, inadequate transportation and disposal facilities. The funding also demonstrates that segregation practices were not satisfactory in public and small HCEs. Arrangement of training and awareness program, appropriate plan, skilled staffs, proper storage facilities, regular monitoring are recommended to achieve an efficient medical waste management system.
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Chen, Lin, Jun Mei Sun, and Zheng Wen Huang. "Research on the Whole-Progress Management of Medical Waste with Life Cycle Assessment." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 900–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.900.
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The management and treatment of medical waste directly affected the security of doctors, patients and human health. The hazard of medical wastes and domestic status of medical waste management were discussed, the countermeasures for achieving sustainable management of medical waste in China were put forward on the basis of the theoretical framework of life cycle assessment and whole-process management called Cradle-toGrave. Finally, the development direction and trend, appropriate suggestion and control measures of medical waste management was put forward combined with the international development requirements.
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Prasad, Raikar, and P. P. Revankar. "Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles on Biomedical Moulding Sand Properties for Casting Applications." American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering, and Technology 6, no. 3 (October 28, 2022): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajaset.v6i3.756.
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Present work explains green nanotechnology technique in solid waste management. Solid wastes are generated from domestic, industrial, agricultural, commercial, health care and individual activities etc. Because of rising population, urbanisation, construction activities, and improper medical waste management, there is an increase in biomedical waste, which contributes to widespread landscape littering. Due to its inability to biodegrade, waste disposal has consequently become a significant issue on a global scale. Research is being carried out to develop ways for environment friendly disposal of biomedical wastes. Also, to enhance the moulding properties for better casting quality by using nanoparticles prepared in laboratory by green nanotechnology technique. The main objective of the work is preparation and characteristic study of modified biomedical waste used in green sand moulding for casting industry. The sand silica in green sand moulding material is replaced by biomedical waste. Nanoparticles are synthesized by green nano technology technique used as an additive in bio medical waste which will be treated as modified bio medical waste. Present study evaluated the influence of nano particles on biomedical waste which helps in metal moulding applications.
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Rusakov, Nikolay V. "DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH AND WAYS TO IMPROVE LEGISLATION ON THE MANAGEMENT OF MEDICAL WASTES." Hygiene and sanitation 97, no. 11 (November 15, 2018): 1011–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2018-97-11-1011-14.
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The problems of medical wastes management demand the attention, as medical wastes are dangerous in epidemiological terms since they may contain pathogenic microorganisms and helminth eggs, as well as their wastes, may be contaminated with toxic chemical and radioactive substances. The state of legal regulation in the field of medical wastes management cannot be considered to be satisfactory, as it is characterized by significant legal gaps and therefore objectively needs to be improved at the legislative, subordinate and normative-technical levels. The best way to improve the legislative regulation of medical wastes management is to develop and adopt a separate Federal law “On medical wastes”.
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Lazuardi, S. D., E. W. Ardhi, S. Nugroho, F. Hadi, H. I. Nur, D. V. Devintasari, and Y. R. Izza. "Conceptual Design and Operation Plan of Floating Medical Wastes Treatment Facility for Archipelagic Area: A Case Study of Maluku and Papua." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1166, no. 1 (May 1, 2023): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1166/1/012043.
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Abstract Indonesia has been facing considerable challenges in medical wastes management. In 2020, the medical wastes reached 294.66 tons/day, but the total capacity of the aggregate wastes treatment facilities nationally was only 224.23 tons/day. Maluku and Papua are Indonesia’s largest archipelagic region consisting of four provinces, which are included in the region with the lowest index of medical wastes management as well as the minimum number of medical wastes treatment facilities. The existing wastes treatment in Maluku and Papua does not meet the standards, it is carried out by open-air burning and open dumping. Therefore, the objective of this study is to create the conceptual design and operation plan of floating medical wastes treatment for archipelagic area. By using a multi-port relay operating pattern for each province, the medical wastes transport started from the hub point which was determined by using the centre of gravity method. Considering the number of medical wastes in each province so that the nonlinear programming method was used to determine the most optimum main dimensions of floating facility. The result obtained that the number of floating facilities required was four SPCB-type with costs overall by 63.14 billion IDR/year.
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Riccardi, Carmela, Francesca Buiarelli, Federica Castellani, Patrizia Di Filippo, Laura Lorini, Mauro Majone, Mariana Matos, et al. "Polychlorinated Biphenyl Profile in Polyhydroxy-alkanoates Synthetized from Urban Organic Wastes." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 14, 2020): 659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030659.
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The microbial synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from organic wastes is a valuable process to valorize available renewable resources, such as food wastes and biological sludge. Bioplastics find many applications in various sectors, from medical field to food industry. However, persistent organic pollutants could be transferred from wastes to the final product. The present paper demonstrates that the use of municipal wastes in PHA production is safe for the environment and human health and provides a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) profile in both commercial and waste-based PHA samples. PCB analysis in several PHA samples showed very low concentrations of the target analytes. Commercial PHA samples showed a similar PCB level with respect to PHA samples from municipal waste/sludge and higher than PHA samples from fruit waste. For all analyzed PCBs, detected concentrations were consistently lower than the ones reported in regulatory framework or guidelines.
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Letho, Zimba, Tshering Yangdon, Chhimi Lhamo, Chandra Bdr Limbu, Sonam Yoezer, Thinley Jamtsho, Puja Chhetri, and Dawa Tshering. "Awareness and practice of medical waste management among healthcare providers in National Referral Hospital." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): e0243817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243817.
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Introduction The management and treatment of Medical Waste (MW) are of great concern owing to its potential hazard to human health and the environment, particularly in developing countries. In Bhutan, although guidelines exist on the prevention and management of wastes, the implementation is still hampered by technological, economic, social difficulties and inadequate training of staff responsible for handling these waste. The study aimed at assessing the awareness and practice of medical waste management among health care providers and support staff at the National Referral Hospital and its compliance with the existing National guidelines and policies. Materials and methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2019. Three research instruments were developed and used; (i) Demographic questionnaire, (ii) Awareness questions, and (iii) the Observational checklist. The data was coded and double entered into Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 18 was used for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings of the study. Results The majority of the respondents were female (54.1%) with a mean age of 32.2 (±7.67) years, most of whom have not received any waste management related training/education (56.8%). About 74.4% are aware of medical waste management and 98.2% are aware on the importance of using proper personal protective equipment. Only 37.6% knew about the maximum time limit for medical waste to be kept in hospital premises is 48 hours. About 61.3% of the observed units/wards/departments correctly segregated the waste in accordance to the national guidelines. However, half of the Hospital wastes are not being correctly transported based on correct segregation process with 58% of waste not segregated into infectious and general wastes. Conclusion The awareness and practice of medical waste management among healthcare workers is often limited with inadequate sensitization and lack of proper implementation of the existing National guidelines at the study site. Therefore, timely and effective monitoring is required with regular training for healthcare workers and support staff. Furthermore, strengthening the waste management system at National Referral Hospital would provide beneficial impact in enhancing safety measures of patients.
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Alwabr, Gawad M. A., Ahmed S. Al-Mikhlafi, Saif A. Al-Hakimi, and Munira A. Dughish. "Determination of medical waste composition in hospitals of Sana'a city, Yemen." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 20, no. 2 (July 25, 2016): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v20i2.15.
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The composition analysis of medical waste is generally considered to be the fundamental information for the most basic steps in the development of a plan for solid hospitals waste management. The objectives of this study were to determine the quantity, generation rate, and the physical composition of medical waste generated in hospitals of Sana'a city, Yemen. This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted on the composition of hospital wastes generated in four governmental hospitals in Sana'a City. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of the hospitals, which included (Al-Thawra, Al-Kuwait, Republic, and Military). Results of this study showed that the daily average of the waste generated from the studied hospitals was 5615 kg/day. Approximately 26% of the total waste was hazardous (infectious, pathological, and chemical wastes). While 74% was a general (non-hazardous) waste. The average rate of the total waste generation was 3 kg/patient/day, and 2.5 kg/bed/day. The mean individual components of generated waste in the studied hospitals were; foods 27%, plastic 22%, paper/cardboard 22%, glass 11%, metals 10%, and others 8%. In conclusion, about 26% of the waste was hazardous. The physical component analysis of the waste indicated that the foods, plastic, and paper/cartoon has the highest content of the hospitals waste. Decision makers in Yemen can use this study information for designing and plan the properly management for the collecting system and the healthy disposal of the hazardous waste. Also, for estimating the total policy of required facilities, manpower, and other related costs.Keywords: Composition; medical waste; hospitals waste; Yemen
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Dewi, Oktavia, Yusni Ikhwan, Elda Nazriati, and Sukendi Sukendi. "The Characteristics and Factors Associated with Medical Waste Management Behaviour in Private Dental Health Services in Pekanbaru City, Indonesia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 7, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2019.039.
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BACKGROUND: Medical waste is a problem when its amount is accumulated as well as the way the private dental healthcare still manages improperly.
AIM: This study aims to define types and the number of medical wastes, also to analyse behaviour toward waste management and its associated factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research used a quantitative analytic approach and cross-sectional design with 149 private dental practice populations in total. There were 60 dentists obtained using systematic random sampling in Pekanbaru. Data processed by conducting summation medical waste and counting the percentage of behaviour’s variables. Data collected within 20 days were processed with dental waste laboratory tests and chi-square analysis.
RESULTS: The result showed that dental, medical wastes average was 0.3 ± 0.07 kg/day which is 69% infectious, 27% toxic, and 4% radioactive. Overall results showed associated factors related to waste management behaviour were knowledge, training attainment, availability of facilities, and the use of personal protective equipment.
CONCLUSION: The numbers of medical waste from dental health services in Pekanbaru were still low. More than half the Dentist had poor behaviour in dental, medical waste management. It is recommended to the dental profession organisation to cooperate with City Health Office to hold management training on medical waste in dental health care to educate and raise dentists’ awareness to be able to manage the waste of dental health services properly and by the regulations.
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WATANABE, N. "Issues of Medical Disposable Wastes Discussed in the Industry of Disposing Wastes." JAPANES JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 65, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4286/ikakikaigaku.65.2_82.
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Ingle, Navin Anand, and Zohara Kayamali Charania. "Awareness and Practices of Dental Care Waste Management Among Dental Practitioners In Chennai City." Journal of Contemporary Dentistry 1, no. 1 (2011): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcd-1-1-15.
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Abstract Objectives To assess the dentist's awareness about dental care waste management. To know the various methods of bio-medical waste disposal practiced by private dental practitioners in Chennai City. To assess the awareness of dentists regarding colour coding of biomedical wastes. Materials and Methods A cross sectional questionnaire study was conducted among 250 private dental practitioners selected by simple random sampling. A pretested questionnaire consisting of 28 close ended questions divided into two sections was used. Results Out of 250 participants 167(66.8%) were males and 83(33.2%) were females. About 14.8% of the dentists were not aware of the different categories of bio-medical waste generated in their clinic. About 28% of the dentists were not aware of the bio-medical waste management law in India and the same number (28%) were not aware of the colour coding for different types of biomedical wastes. Conclusion The present study indicates that the majorities of the dental practitioners were not aware of the different categories of biomedical waste and are not practicing the appropriate method of waste disposal. There is an urgent need for continuing dental education on dental care waste management for the dental practitioners.
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Mia, MY, MA Ali, MA Rahman, L. Naznin, and MU Hossain. "Hospital Waste Management in Tangail Municipality." Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources 5, no. 1 (August 7, 2012): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11566.
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An investigation was conducted on hospital waste management in Tangail Municipality and its impact on human health. Data was collected through questionnaire interview from local residents, superintendents, nurses, observation and secondary sources. The results revealed that wastes are collected every alternative day and though sometime in irregular basis. Hospital wastes causes different health hazards like bad smell, infestation of animals, diarrhoea, skin diseases etc. due to irregular collection, unsafe handling, disposal, storage, transportation and finally dumped with municipal wastes. For knowing health impacts, among 110 general respondents 63% was affected, and 50 respondents who were associated with medical waste handling including nurse, pickers, workers, etc. in which more than 90% were affected one or more diseases due to improper management and imposed of hospital wastes. Shortage of dustbin is common in every hospitals and clinics in Tangail Municipality. The study also revealed that 1000-1500kg wastes were generated per day in Tangail Municipal area in which 19.23% infectious and 80.77% noninfectious. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v5i1.11566 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 5(1): 121 - 127, 2012