Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Medicamento placebo'
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Uzel, Barbara Pontes Cerqueira. "Estudo comparativo randomizado cego para avaliar a eficácia e segurança da infiltração intralesional com minoxidil 0,5% versus placebo no tratamento da alopecia androgenetica feminina." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2013. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/15163.
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Introdução: A alopecia androgenética feminina (AAGF) é a principal causa de alopecia entre as mulheres. Apesar de representar uma fonte de estresse significativa, gerando grande impacto negativo na qualidade de vida, a AAGF ainda não conta com o tratamento ideal. Embora o minoxidil em solução tópica 2% ou 5% seja a principal droga no arsenal terapêutico, a adesão ao tratamento é, via de regra, insatisfatória. A infiltração intralesional tem sido citada de forma anedótica como uma alternativa de tratamento eficaz, que oferece resultados mais rápidos, aumentando a adesão ao tratamento. Objetivos: Avaliar a eficácia e o perfil de segurança da infiltração intralesional com solução de minoxidil 0,5% no tratamento da AAGF. Métodos: Em um estudo de intervenção, paralelo, randomizado, cego, 58 pacientes do sexo feminino entre 18 e 65 anos diagnosticadas com AAGF através de critérios clínicos, dermatoscópicos e histopatológicos, foram submetidas a sessões semanais de infiltação intralesional com minoxidil ou placebo, durante 10 semanas. Um grupo recebeu aplicações de minoxidil 0,5%/02ml e o outro recebeu aplicações de placebo (soro fisiológico 0,9%/02ml). Índice terminal:vellus (T:V), percentual de fios anágenos, telógenos e distróficos, densidade capilar e número total de fios, além de um questionário de autoavaliação foram realizados antes e 06 semanas após as aplicações, como métodos de avaliação da resposta ao tratamento. Resultados: No grupo tratado, o índice T:V aumentou em uma média de 2,6 para 3,8 (p< 0,001) e o percentual de anágenos em uma média de 69,9% para 78,5% (p=0,048). Já o percentual de telógenos decresceu de 21,1% para 16,1%, enquanto no grupo que recebeu placebo, tal quantitativo elevou-se de 18,4% para 21,0% (p=0,044). Entre as pacientes tratadas, 69,7% consideraram que houve diminuição na queda dos cabelos (p=0,028) e 50% consideraram que houve algum grau de melhora no volume (p=0,021), enquanto no GP, 25% consideraram que houve piora no volume. Apenas 03 (5,6%) pacientes apresentaram cefaléia e não foram documentados efeitos adversos sérios, nem hipertricose. Conclusão: A infiltração intralesional com minoxidil a 0,5% mostrou-se superior ao placebo no tratamento da AAGF. E ainda, apresentou-se como um tratamento bem tolerado e com bom perfil de segurança. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Introduction: Female androgenetic alopecia (FAGA) is the leading cause of alopecia in women. Though a significant source of stress, generating large negative impact on quality of life FAGA still lacks the ideal treatment. Despite the minoxidil topical solution 2% or 5% is the main drug in the therapeutic arsenal, adherence to treatment is usually unsatisfactory. The intralesional injection has been cited in anecdotal form as an alternative effective treatment that offers faster results, increasing treatment compliance. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intralesional injection with 0.5% minoxidil solution in the treatment of FAGA. Methods: In an parallel interventional, randomized, single-blinded study, 58 female patients between 18 and 65 years diagnosed with FAGA by clinical, dermoscopic and histopathological criterias, underwent intralesional injection sessions weekly for 10 weeks. One group received applications of minoxidil 0.5% / 02ml and other received 0.9% saline / 02ml. Terminal to vellus ratio (T:V), percentage of anagen, telogen and dystrophic, hair density and total hair count, and a self-assessment questionnaire were performed before and 06 weeks after treatment for assessment. Results: In the minoxidil group, the T:V ratio increased from 2.6 to 3.8 (p < 0.001) and percent of anagen on average 69.9% to 78.5 % (p = 0.048). The percentage of telogen decreased from 21.1% to 16.1%, whereas in the placebo group this number increased from 18.4 % to 21.0 % (p = 0.044). Among the treated patients, 69.7% felt that there was a decrease in hair loss (p = 0.028) and 50% felt that there was some improvement in volume (p = 0.021), while in GP, 25% considered that worsened hair density. Only 03 (5.6%) patients had headache and no serious adverse effects have been documented, or hypertrichosis. Conclusion: The intralesional injection with 0.5% minoxidil was superior to placebo in the treatment of FAGA. Furthermore, proved to be a well-tolerated treatment and good safety profile.
Molinier-Manoukina, Christine. "Place de la pharmacothérapie dans l'anorexie mentale : élaboration et mise en place d'un protocole de recherche clinique." Montpellier 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON11022.
Full textWender, Maria Celeste Osório. "Eficácia da tibolona no tratamento de mulheres climatéricas pós-menopáusicas : ensaio clínico randomizado, duplo-cego e controlado com placebo da tibolona durante um ano e estudo nao comparado da tibolona por dois anos." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/171345.
Full textGovender, Yolin. "Is conventional sugar-free chewing gum effective in the management of orthodontic pain associated with fixed appliances? A randomised clinical trial comparing the pain-reducing effects of sugar-free chewing gum versus a placebo medicament." University of the Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7536.
Full textBackground and aim: Managing orthodontic pain traditionally involves the prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs combined with other analgesic medication. Sugar-free chewing gum has been advocated in the control of orthodontic pain due to its mechanical and physiological effects on periodontal tissue; however, the literature is scant. The ‘placebo effect’ that conventional sugar-free chewing gum may have in the relief of orthodontic pain has not been documented. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of conventional sugar-free chewing gum in reducing orthodontic pain associated with fixed appliances with a placebo (sugar-free sweets) medicament. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine if there were differences in pain reporting between the sugar-free chewing gum and the placebo, to ascertain whether gender influenced pain scores and to observe any differences in pain reporting between different orthodontic techniques.
Ribeiro, Débora Luciana Melzer. "Estudo-piloto randomizado, controlado com placebo, duplo-cego, para avaliar a eficácia da eletroconvulsoterapia como potencializador da clozapina na esquizofrenia super-refratária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-29102014-164148/.
Full textIntroduction: About 30% of schizophrenic patients, according to the literature, do not respond properly to therapy and these patients are defined as having treatment resistant or refractory schizophrenia. Clozapine is the medication of choice for such condition. However, about 30% of patients with refractory schizophrenia do not respond to clozapine satisfactorily and remain with functional impairment and disabling psychotic symptoms. These patients are termed incomplete responders, partial responders or super-refractory patients, with still no reliable randomized controlled trials to support their treatment options. Objectives: To assess the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as an augmenting strategy to clozapine in super- refractory schizophrenia (ESR) as compared to placebo ECT, known as sham ECT. Methods: 20 patients on adequate clozapine therapy, but still presenting functional impairment and psychotic symptoms were selected. The primary outcome measures would be reducing scores on PANSS scale (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) and CGI (Clinical Global Impression) respectively from above 60 and 4. Before treatment, all patients underwent clozapine drug level monitoring, neuropsychological cognitive assessment, clinical/preanaesthetic assessment, odontology assessment and psychiatric assessment. The patients were randomized into 2 groups (ECT and sham ECT), referred to the respective treatment group without the knowledge of the responsible researcher, who remained blind. After 12 treatment sessions, performed 3 times a week for 4 weeks, the patients were reassessed using PANSS and CGI. Results: Ten patients on ECT group and six on sham ECT group were treated, being reported 4 dropouts. Statistical analysis have shown comparable groups, except for outcome variables: on baseline sham ECT group had significant higher mean scores on PANSS total and subscales positive and general, besides CGI. Albeit significant reductions on the outcome variables after intervention in both groups, there was no statistical difference between them, even when the baseline differences were controlled, to a significance level p<= 0,05. Caution is advised in interpreting these results, considering the small sample size, PANSS limitations to measure outcomes on ECT treatment for schizophrenia, as well as possible long-term effects not measured by this study. The ideal would be to replicate this trial with a greater number of patients and outcome measures
Gérard, Anne. "Circuit de distribution du medicament a l'hopital de saverne : exemple d'un service de medecine et de chirurgie ; reflexion sur l'informatique et la place du pharmacien." Strasbourg 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993STR15089.
Full textDabat, Florence. "Mise en place d'un test rapide "in vitro" permettant de connaitre le profil métabolique d'un médicament." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05P134.
Full textLouajri, Adnane. "Transport de l'oxygene et metabolisme erythrocytaire de rats places en hypoxie normobare : etude de l'action de medicaments oxygenateurs (vinburbine - almitrine - almitrine+raubasine)." Besançon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BESA3720.
Full textMuller, Laurence. "Dispensation automatisée des médicaments dans les services de soins : mise en place d'un automate." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05P206.
Full textSaurat-Canouet, Sandrine. "Mise en place d'un réseau assurance qualité radiopharmaceutiques." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P066.
Full textFay, Géraldine. "Qualification et mise en place d'un nouvel appareil de mesure de surface spécifique." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P009.
Full textAprahamian, Ivan. "Análise da função renal em idosos com comprometimento cognitivo leve usuários de lítio em baixa dosagem: um estudo randomizado, duplo cego, placebo-controlado." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-14082013-104334/.
Full textIntroduction: according to the literature, lithium salts may produce a reduction in kidney function. The magnitude of this information is debatable because there is no randomized and controlled clinical trial among lithium users, being mostly patients with depression or bipolar disorder. The possibility of using lithium for the treatment of prodromal Alzheimer\'s disease dementia increases the need for further investigation of adverse effects attributed to lithium, especially regarding to renal function. Objectives: To evaluate the safety of using low-dose lithium with respect to renal function in elderly patients. Secondary objectives were the evaluation of the clinical safety through specific questionnaire and clinical assessment, and to assess thyroid, immunological and glycemic function. Methods: a randomized and placebo controlled study for 2 years, followed by an open label follow-up of 2 years. We evaluated 59 elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment with accomplishment of at least two years of the controlled phase. Renal function was estimated by the aMDRD and CKD-EPI equation, and by laboratory and clinical data collected during the trial. The thyroid, immunological and glycemic functions were respectively evaluated by TSH, free T4, leukocyte count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, and the HOMA-IR. The clinical safety was evaluated through systematic examination performed every 3 months, with physical examination, clinical interview and UKU scale for adverse effects. Results: There was no decline of renal function with the use of lithium (litemia between 0.25-0.5 mmol/l) both in the aMDRD (p=0.453) and CKD-EPI (p=0.181) equations. A significant increase of neutrophils (p=0.038) and TSH (p=0.034) were observed. The lithium group showed significantly higher incidence of diabetes mellitus (p=0.037), arrhythmias (p=0.028), weight gain (p=0.015), more symptoms of UKU scale (p=0.045), and greater interference from the adverse effects of lithium during daily activities (p<0.001). There was an observed correlation between the opinion of the attending physician and the patient in respect to the interference in daily activities secondary to the adverse symptoms (p<0.001). Conclusions: The use of lithium in low doses did not result in renal function impairment, produced subtle changes in the immunological system and thyroid function, and was clinically safe for adverse effects. The reasons for the increased incidence of arrhythmias and diabetes mellitus deserve further investigation
Cordonnier, Anne-Laure. "Mise en place d'un essai clinique de phase IV : étude de l'efficacité de la midodrine dans le traitement de l'hypotension orthostatique secondaire à la prise de psychotropes." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P152.
Full textCornacini, Milena Costa Menezes [UNESP]. "Efeito do uso do cogumelo Agaricus brasiliensis no estado nutricional, na frequência e intensidade dos efeitos adversos da terapia medicamentosa e na resposta bioquímica hepática em indivíduos com hepatite crônica pelo vírus C: estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego, placebo controlado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102636.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Diversos estudos, indicam que o cogumelo Agaricus brasiliensis é benéfico em várias condições clínicas, como na hepatite C. Várias espécies de cogumelos comestíveis têm sido exploradas quanto ao seu potencial medicinal e muitos pacientes passam a buscar a solução para suas patologias nas terapias complementares. Avaliar os efeitos da suplementação do Agaricus brasiliensis sobre o estado nutricional, a frequência e a intensidade dos efeitos adversos da terapia antiviral e a resposta bioquímica hepática em indivíduos com hepatite C em tratamento com Interferon peguilado e Ribavirina. Foi realizado um ensaio clínico prospectivo controlado casualizado duplo cego no Serviço de Hepatites Virais do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu-UNESP. Os indivíduos do estudo foram submetidos a um protocolo de suplementação com cogumelo ou placebo por 24 semanas, e foram distribuídos aleatoriamente nos seguintes grupos: Grupo tratado com placebo (5g/dia n=14) e Grupo tratado com cogumelo (5g/dian= 9).Todas as análises foram obtidas antes e após os tratamentos (placebo ou cogumelo). O estado nutricional (dados antropométricos, de composição corporal, da bioquímica nutricional e do consumo alimentar), foi semelhante entre os grupos. Houve melhora da lesão hepática em ambos os grupos, com redução de transaminases (TGO/AST e TGP/ALT, p<0,05), mostrando a eficácia do tratamento antiviral.O uso do cogumelo mostrou-se benéfico na redução da frequência e intensidade dos efeitos adversos da terapia medicamentosa (mialgia, disgeusia, cefaléia, redução do desejo sexual, queda de cabelo, hipoanorexia, indisposição, boca seca e irritabilidade, p<0,05). Em pacientes com hepatite C, a suplementação de cogumelo Agaricus brasiliensis (5g) por 24 semanas mostrou-se eficiente em reduzir a frequência...
Several studies indicate that the Agaricus brasiliensis is beneficial in various clinical conditions, such as hepatitis C. Several species of edible fungi have been explored as to its potential medical and many patients now have to seek a solution to their condition in complementary therapies. Objective: To evaluate the effects of supplementation of Agaricus brasiliensis on the nutritional status, the frequency of adverse effects of antiviral therapy and liver damage in patients with hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. We performed a prospective trial randomized controlled double-blind in the service of Viral Hepatitis Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu, UNESP. Those in the study were subjected to a memorandum of supplementation with mushroom or placebo for 24 weeks, and were randomly distributed in the following groups: placebo-treated group (5g/dia n = 14) and mushroom-treated group (n 5g/dia- = 9). All tests were obtained before and after the treatments (placebo or mushroom). The nutritional status (anthropometric data, body composition, nutrition and biochemistry of food intake), was similar between the groups. There was improvement of liver damage in both groups, reducing transaminase (AST / ALT and AST / ALT, p <0.05), demonstrating the effectiveness of treatment antiviral use of the mushroom was shown to be beneficial in reducing the frequency and intensity of the adverse effects of drug therapy (myalgia, dysgeusia, headache, reduction in sexual desire, hair loss, hipoanorexia, malaise, dry mouth and irritability, p <0.05). In patients with hepatitis C, the supplementation of Agaricus brasiliensis (5) for 24 weeks proved to be effective in reducing the frequency and intensity of the adverse effects of drug therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, and on the other hand, was inefficient for nutritional status and liver damage.
Cornacini, Milena Costa Menezes. "Efeito do uso do cogumelo Agaricus brasiliensis no estado nutricional, na frequência e intensidade dos efeitos adversos da terapia medicamentosa e na resposta bioquímica hepática em indivíduos com hepatite crônica pelo vírus C : estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego, placebo controlado /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102636.
Full textAbstract: Several studies indicate that the Agaricus brasiliensis is beneficial in various clinical conditions, such as hepatitis C. Several species of edible fungi have been explored as to its potential medical and many patients now have to seek a solution to their condition in complementary therapies. Objective: To evaluate the effects of supplementation of Agaricus brasiliensis on the nutritional status, the frequency of adverse effects of antiviral therapy and liver damage in patients with hepatitis C treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin. We performed a prospective trial randomized controlled double-blind in the service of Viral Hepatitis Hospital of the Medical School of Botucatu, UNESP. Those in the study were subjected to a memorandum of supplementation with mushroom or placebo for 24 weeks, and were randomly distributed in the following groups: placebo-treated group (5g/dia n = 14) and mushroom-treated group (n 5g/dia- = 9). All tests were obtained before and after the treatments (placebo or mushroom). The nutritional status (anthropometric data, body composition, nutrition and biochemistry of food intake), was similar between the groups. There was improvement of liver damage in both groups, reducing transaminase (AST / ALT and AST / ALT, p <0.05), demonstrating the effectiveness of treatment antiviral use of the mushroom was shown to be beneficial in reducing the frequency and intensity of the adverse effects of drug therapy (myalgia, dysgeusia, headache, reduction in sexual desire, hair loss, hipoanorexia, malaise, dry mouth and irritability, p <0.05). In patients with hepatitis C, the supplementation of Agaricus brasiliensis (5) for 24 weeks proved to be effective in reducing the frequency and intensity of the adverse effects of drug therapy with pegylated interferon and ribavirin, and on the other hand, was inefficient for nutritional status and liver damage.
Orientador: Carlos Antonio Caramori
Coorientador: Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes
Banca: Giovanni Faria Silva
Banca: Ana Lúcia T. Spinardi Barbisan
Banca: Lucienne de Souza Venâncio Lotufo Brant
Banca: Anderson Merliere Navarro
Doutor
Paichard, Catherine. "Polymorphisme génétique de l'oxydation des médicaments cytochrome P-450 dépendants : mise en place de tests in vivo, développement de modèles in vitro." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2341.
Full textNeves, Marta Sofia Moura. "A prescrição de medicamentos com "intenção placebo" e a autoperceção de ser médico capacitante na Região Centro de Portugal: estudo em ciclo de garantia de qualidade." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98591.
Full textBackground: The evidence shows that doctors often use medicines with “placebo intention” to treat their patients. The use of patient-centred medicine and a good doctor-patient relationship increases patient’s enablement.Objectives: The goal of this study is to understand the difference in the perception that doctors had about their competence to empower and the prescription with “placebo intention” after intermediate information.Methods: An analytical study was carried out in a quality assurance cycle. Two questionnaires were applied (prescription of drugs with “placebo intention” and enablement) in two phases one year apart (September 2019 and October 2020). The samples consisted of General Practice Physicians, tutors in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra. Throughout the COVID19 pandemic break year, online training and information was given on both topics. For the descriptive analysis and statistical inference of the data, the SPSS Software for Windows program (version 24) was used. The normality of the data was verified, and the chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed, with a statistically significant value for p<0,05.Results: The sample consisted in 60 doctors in 2019 and 31 doctors in 2020. In both years, 70% of doctors were women. It was of 55,0% and of 53,3% the proportion of doctors who admitted prescribing medication with “placebo intention” in 2019 and 2020, respectively (∆ = -3,1). The item regarding placebo prescription "allowed if scientific evidence of therapeutic efficacy" was the only one with a significant difference (p=0,004) between both times. In the enablement questionnaire, there was a significant difference between the two phases of application regarding the use of competence (p=0,009), exemplification (p=0,068) and andragogy (p=0,026) better in the second time. Most items were "almost always" used by doctors in their consultations.Discussion: The proportion of physicians who admitted to prescribe medication with a “placebo intention” was greater than 50%, even though this has reduced not significantly between the two observation points, ∆=-3,1, these results were different from those previously reported in a study in Northern Portugal. After the intervention, there was a greater disagreement with the phrase "allowed if scientific evidence of therapeutic efficacy". The training allowed doctors to improve their training skills, namely in terms of competence, exemplification and andragogy, no other studies allowing a comparison with these results.Conclusion: The training intervention achieved partial results regarding the prescription of medicines with a “placebo intention” and a significant improvement in some of the characteristics of being an enabling physician.Keywords: Patient enablement; Prescription; Placebo
Introdução: A evidência mostra que os médicos recorrem frequentemente à prescrição com “intenção placebo” para medicarem os seus doentes. O recurso a medicina baseada no doente e uma boa relação médico-doente aumentam os níveis de capacitação dos pacientes. Objetivos: Este estudo teve por objetivo compreender se a perceção que os médicos tinham acerca da sua competência para capacitar e da prescrição com “intenção placebo” variavam após formação em tempo intermédio, mostrando os resultados inicialmente colhidos.Materiais e Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo analítico em ciclo de garantia de qualidade. Foram aplicados dois questionários (prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” e capacitação) em duas fases, separadas por um ano (setembro de 2019 e outubro de 2020). Foram estudadas amostras de tutores de Medicina Geral e Familiar da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Ao longo do ano de intervalo, foi dada formação on-line acerca de ambos os temas. Para a análise descritiva e inferência estatística dos dados recorreu-se ao programa SPSS Software for Windows (versão 24). Foi verificada a normalidade dos dados e foram realizados teste qui-quadrado e U de Mann-Whitney, com valor estatisticamente significativo para p<0,05.Resultados: A amostra foi de 60 médicos em 2019 e 31 em 2020. Em ambos os anos, 70% dos médicos eram do sexo feminino. É de 55,0% e de 53,3% a proporção de médicos que admite prescrever medicação com “intenção placebo” em 2019 e 2020, respetivamente (∆=-3,1). A prescrição deste tipo de medicamentos apenas “permitida se evidência científica de eficácia terapêutica” foi o único item com diferença significativa (p=0,004) entre ambos os tempos. No questionário da capacitação, verificou-se diferença significativa entre as duas fases de aplicação do questionário, quanto a recurso a competência (p=0,009), exemplificação (p=0,068) e andragogia (p=0,026). A maioria dos itens são “quase sempre” usados pelos médicos nas suas consultas ao capacitar quem os consulta.Discussão: É superior a 50% a proporção dos médicos que admite prescrever medicação com “intenção placebo”, mesmo que esta tenha reduzido não significativamente entre os dois pontos de observação e ∆=-3,1, sendo estes resultados diferentes dos anteriormente relatados para estudo semelhante no Norte de Portugal. Após a intervenção, verificou-se maior discordância com a frase “permitida se evidência científica de eficácia terapêutica”. A formação permitiu melhoria das capacidades de capacitação pelos médicos, nomeadamente quanto a competência, exemplificação e andragogia não havendo estudos que permitam comparação com estes valores. Conclusão: A intervenção formativa atingiu resultados parcelares quanto à prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” e melhoria significativa em algumas das características de ser um médico capacitante. Palavras-chave: Capacitação; Prescrição; Medicamento placebo
Carvalhinho, Maria Inês da Graça. "A prescrição de medicamentos com "intenção placebo" e a autoperceção de empatia médica na Região Centro de Portugal: estudo em ciclo de garantia de qualidade." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/98485.
Full textIntrodução: Apesar da relevância da empatia na relação médico-doente e da significativa prevalência do uso de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” na prática clínica, apenas um estudo recente, realizado na Região Norte de Portugal explorou a associação entre a empatia médica e a prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo”, tendo demonstrado que esta é frequente entre Médicos de Família, principalmente entre os mais jovens, e que a empatia está associada a maior abertura para tal prescrição. O presente estudo procurou investigar tal realidade na Região Centro de Portugal e perceber como é que a intervenção auto-formativa, pelo conhecimento dos resultados, podia influenciá-la. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal em médicos de Medicina Geral e Familiar, tutores da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Aplicaram-se dois questionários (questionário de avaliação da prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” e versão traduzida e validada para Portugal da escala JSPE), antes e após intervenção auto-formativa. Testaram-se as associações entre as variáveis caracterizadoras da amostra, a prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” e os scores de empatia, e as diferenças entre as duas aplicações, de acordo com o nível de mensuração das variáveis e a normalidade da distribuição dos dados.Resultados: O estudo confirmou que a prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” é prevalente entre Médicos de Família (42% antes de intervenção e 60,6% após intervenção), apesar de não ter evidenciado diferenças estatisticamente significativas quanto ao número de anos de prática clínica em ambos os tempos do estudo (p=0,704 e p=0,619). Evidenciou-se associação significativa entre tal prescrição e a dimensão “capacidade de se colocar no lugar do doente” da empatia médica (p=0,035). A intervenção auto-formativa redundou num aumento da proporção de médicos prescritores. Na segunda aplicação dos questionários, uma proporção significativamente superior de médicos discordou que a prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” deva ser permita se existir evidência científica da sua eficácia terapêutica (p=0,007).Discussão: Contrariamente ao estudo anterior realizado na Região Norte de Portugal, não foi encontrada uma associação significativa entre a prescrição de medicamentos com “intenção placebo” e o número de anos de prática clínica ou o score de empatia médica.
Introduction: Despite the relevance of empathy in the physician-patient relationship and the significant prevalence of drug use with placebo intention in clinical practice, only one recent study, carried out in the Northern Region of Portugal, explored the association between physician empathy and prescription with placebo intention, having demonstrated that such prescription practices are frequent among general practitioners, especially among the youngest, and that empathy is associated with more favourable attitudes towards prescription with placebo intention. The present study sought to investigate this reality in the Center Region of Portugal and to understand how a self-training intervention, through the knowledge of the results, could influence it.Methods: Longitudinal study among general practitioners, tutors of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra. Two questionnaires were applied (a questionnaire for evaluating drug prescription with placebo intention and the translated and validated version for Portugal of the JSPE), before and after a self-training intervention. Associations between variables characterizing the sample, prescription with placebo intention and empathy scores, and the differences between the two applications, were tested according to variables measurement level and data distribution.Results: The study confirmed that drug prescription with placebo intention is prevalent among general practitioners (42% before intervention and 60.6% after intervention), although no statistically significant differences, regarding the number of years of clinical practice, were evident in both times of the study (p=0.704 and p=0.619). There was a significant association between such prescription and the dimension “standing in the patient's shoes” of physician empathy (p=0.035). The self-training intervention resulted in an increase in the proportion of prescribing physicians. In the second application of the questionnaires, a significantly higher proportion of physicians disagreed that drug prescription with placebo intention should be allowed if there is scientific evidence of its therapeutic efficacy (p=0.007).Discussion: Contrary to the previous study carried out in northern Portugal, no significant association was found between prescription with placebo intention and the number of years of clinical practice or the physician empathy score.Conclusion: Drug prescription with placebo intention among general practitioners in the Center Region of Portugal is frequent, but it doesn’t seem to be associated with self-assessed physician empathy.