Dissertations / Theses: 'Medicare disability'

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Burk, David Morris. "Estimating the Effect of Disability on Medicare Expenditures." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2009. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2127.

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We consider the effect of disability status on Medicare expenditures. Disabled elderly historically have accounted for a significant portion of Medicare expenditures. Recent demographic trends exhibit a decline in the size of this population, causing some observers to predict declines in Medicare expenditures. There are, however, reasons to be suspicious of this rosy forecast. To better understand the effect of disability on Medicare expenditures, we develop and estimate a model using the generalized method of moments technique. We find that newly disabled elderly generally spend more than those who have been disabled for longer periods of time. Also, we find that increases in expenditures have risen much more quickly for those disabled Medicare beneficiaries who were at the higher ends of the expenditure distribution before the increases.

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Moe, Christine. "Medicare Managed Care Penetration and Prevalence of Older Adult Disability." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1663.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between Medicare Managed Care (MMC) penetration and percentage of disability in older adults (individuals age 65 and older). Considering disability as an indicator of one or more unsuccessfully managed chronic diseases, this study investigates the assumption that managed care improves coordination of care, as well as access to preventive care. If managed care’s mandate is being met, then it should be evidenced in decreased prevalence of older adult disability. METHOD: Taking an ecological approach, this study used data from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ, 2003) to compare the percentage of older adult disability in counties from 30 states and the District of Columbia with high and low MMC penetration. Covariates representing various aspects of community context were introduced into a final multivariate linear regression to examine whether MMC penetration was a significant predictor of countywide percent of older adult disability. RESULTS: While MMC penetration was a significant predictor of prevalence of older adult disability in a bivariate analysis (r=-0.197, p < .001), it lost its significance in the final multivariate model. CONCLUSION: While this study does not demonstrate a relationship between MMC penetration and prevalence of older adult disability, it is possible that MMC, once fully implemented under the 2003 Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act, could lead to reduced prevalence of disability.

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Kim, Seonghoon. "Essays in Economics of Social Security Disability Insurance and Health." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1365696633.

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Pathmathasan, Cynthia. "DISABILITY IN MEDICAL EDUCATION & TRAINING: A DISABILITY-FOCUSED MEDICAL CURRICULUM." NEOMED College of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ne2gs1622810204171811.

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Sandström, Karin. "Adults with Cerebral Palsy : living with a lifelong disability." Licentiate thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15771.

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Although Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a lifelong disability, the research has mainly focused in children with CP. However, in recent years new studies have examined the different aspects of being an adult with a congenital disability.

The overall aim of this thesis is to contribute to increased knowledge and understanding in living with cerebral palsy as an adult, with special focus on the lived body and physiotherapy/physical activity.

The thesis is based on two populations. The first population (study I) consists of 48 individuals with a variation in gross motor function equivalent to the general CP‐population, including all five levels according to a gross motor classification (Gross Motor Function Classification System, GMFCS). The second population (study II and III), consists of 22 individuals, representing level II to IV according to the gross motor classification (GMFCS).

Study I comprises structured questions and clinical investigations with well‐recognized assessment instruments and are analysed according to quantitative methods. Study II and III are based on in‐depth interviews and are analysed using qualitative methods.

The overall result is that there is a deterioration of motor function in many individuals already early in adulthood. These deteriorations are preceded and/or followed by musculoskeletal problems such as pain and limited range of motion, often in combination with fatigue. Despite deteriorations many people maintain daily personal activities, but are often forced to prioritize among societal activities.

The deterioration is often perceived as slow and imperceptible, but it also results in a change in self‐image with new thoughts about otherness and being different. This can be experienced in relation to activity limitations with difficulties in taking part in other people’s activities, but also in relation to attitudes and treatment from other people. The process of deterioration also influences autonomy, with limited ability to determine one’s own daily life.

Important prerequisites for carrying out physical activity in a longer perspective is that it has to be enjoyable, give effects, be comprehensible and integrated in daily life. In addition it is important with support from competent professionals in health care. Experiences of these prerequisites vary and, above all, in adulthood the lack of competent support is a factor which is illuminated of the majority of the interviewed and assessed individuals.

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Cimini, Nicholas. "The politics of genetics, disability and reproductive medicine." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521891.

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Shead, Jennifer Louise. "Staff burnout in intellectual disability services." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2014. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/2014/.

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For women with anorexia nervosa, control and routine are important in managing distress and maintaining a sense of self in challenging situations. The transition to motherhood is characterised by change and uncertainty. Women may struggle to integrate the demands of anorexia alongside the challenges of motherhood. The aim of this thesis was to review the literature regarding the experiences of pregnancy and motherhood for women with eating disorders and develop a grounded theory of the transition to motherhood for women with anorexia nervosa. The literature regarding experiences of pregnancy and motherhood with an eating disorder was reviewed. The findings suggested a trend for remission of eating disorder symptoms in pregnancy followed by relapse during the postpartum period. Women with eating disorders were most likely to experience depression and anxiety during the later stages of pregnancy and postpartum. The review highlighted how eating disorders impacted on women's ability to embrace motherhood and bond with their children. There was a paucity of research exploring the lived experience of motherhood for women with specific eating difficulties, most notably anorexia. A grounded theory was informed by the experiences of eight mothers with anorexia. A core process of breaking the cycle highlighted how women were attempting to make lasting positive changes. They achieved this by protecting their children from anorexia, exploring new perspectives, setting a good example to their children and battling temptation to succumb to anorexia. This study provides a unique insight into the experiences of mothers with anorexia. In the final chapter the research process is reflected upon. It is hoped that these findings will influence clinical practice and help professionals to better understand women's experiences.

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Sauer, Nicholas L. "Disability in Late Imperial Russia: Pathological Metaphors and Medical Orientalism." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1464016404.

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Muller, Sara Nicole. "The measurement of locomotor disability in epidemiological studies." Thesis, Keele University, 2010. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/3812/.

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This thesis is concerned with the measurement of locomotor disability (LMD) in epidemiological studies. The central hypothesis was that LMD is a continuous phenomenon and research into this important health indicator, with specific reference to its relationship to pain in community-dwelling adults aged 50+ years, could be improved by interval-level measurement, rather than binary definitions. A systematic search and narrative review of the literature revealed a range of concepts and content of previous self-complete LMD instruments, and an absence of interval-level measures. A brief, self-complete scale of physical functioning, the PF-10, commonly used in epidemiological studies, and suggested as a measure of LMD, was taken as the starting point for empirical work in this thesis. A subset of five items mapped onto the LMD construct and possessed acceptable psychometric properties. Analysis of cross-sectional data from 18,497 adults using ordinal regression models and individual item responses illustrated one, albeit relatively inefficient, approach to moving beyond binary outcomes for investigating the association between pain and LMD. An interval-level measure of LMD was derived using the Rasch model and combining the five items into two super-items (walking, stair-climbing). The scoring mechanism was externally verified in local, national and international datasets, and the psychometric properties confirmed. Data from 680 initially pain-free adults were used to demonstrate the potential of the new measure for longitudinal analysis. This suggested a right-shift (worsening) in the distribution of LMD at three and six years. Pain onset resulted in a more rapid increase in LMD, and recovery from pain led to only a partial return to pre-pain levels. Locomotor disability exists on a continuum and its measurement should reflect this. An interval-level measure was derived from a set of commonly used items. This measure offers several advantages (brevity, application to retrospectively gathered data) but also has limitations (ceiling/floor effects).

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Cooley, Jessica Allene. "An Inartistic Interest: Civil War Medicine, Disability, and the Art of Thomas Eakins." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/197655.

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Art History
M.A.
While there is an extensive and distinguished body of scholarship exploring the intersection of Thomas Eakins and medical science, his art has not been contextualized critically in relation to American Civil War medicine or the institutional practices of the Army Medical Museum. Within the context of Civil War medicine, Eakins's heroic portraits of surgeons and scientists become more than a reflection of his personal admiration of science and medicine, more than a reflection of the growing professionalization of the medical community in the United States, but implicates him in the narrative of offsetting the horrors wrought by the Civil War by actively enshrining the professionalization of medicine and claims to the advancement of body-based research. Furthermore, while there is an extensive and distinguished body of scholarship exploring the intersection of Thomas Eakins and the body from the perspective of race, gender, and sexuality, the consideration of his work from the perspective of critical disability theory has not been contemplated. Civil War medicine is critical to the art of Thomas Eakins because it demystifies his fascination with the human body, and engages him in the aesthetic reconstruction of disabled veterans and the cultural privileging of the healthy body during and after the American Civil War. By historicizing the science and medical practices that Eakins used and by critically examining his depictions of the body through the lens of disability studies, my thesis raises new critical questions about two of the most researched and theorized topics in Eakins scholarship: medicine and the body.
Temple University--Theses

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Chaloupka, Evan M. "Cognitive Disability and Narrative." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1522063781558934.

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Bradley, Judith. "The assessment of disability and handicap in adult cystic fibrosis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311617.

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Oliver, Brant J. "Modifiable Factor Relationships with Biopsychosocial Disability in Multiple Sclerosis." Thesis, Dartmouth College, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10184281.

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Problem Statement: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system and is among the most common neurological disorders in adults. MS causes significant disability and has no cure. Neurological disease severity is thought to contribute to disability but may not be the main determinant. Individual and environmental factors may modify the relationship between disease severity and disability or directly influence it. Research simultaneously relating these factors in MS has not yet been conducted.

Methods: Participants completed an internet questionnaire and a telephone-administered cognitive recall performance task. Clinical data were extracted from a data registry maintained by the Multiple Sclerosis Center at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center (DHMC) in Lebanon, New Hampshire. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationships between disease severity, individual factors, environmental factors and biopsychosocial disability (BPSD).

Results: One hundred-eighty (180) adults with relapsing forms of MS participated in the study, representing approximately 15% of the total MS patient population followed by the database registry at DHMC. The study population was 76% female, had 14.6 years of education, a mean annual income of $35,000, was 75% relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), had a mean EDSS of 2.4, and a mean ARR of 0.21. In multiple regression analyses, disease severity explained 3%, demographic variables 6%, individual factors 69%, and environmental factors 64% of the variance in BPSD, respectively. The final model incorporating disease severity, individual factors, and environmental factors explained 74% of the variance in BPSD. Depression and environmental status demonstrated the strongest associations with BPSD.

Conclusions: Neuropsychiatric status, bowel and bladder function, self-efficacy, social support, and environmental status are key factors associated with BPSD. These factors are modifiable by medical, psychosocial, and/or case management interventions. This study has three major limitations: (1) inability to predict causality or directionality of associations; (2) susceptibility to self-report bias; and (3) susceptibility to temporal bias. This study provides a basis for continued research on biopsychosocial disability reduction and to related healthcare quality improvement, shared decision making, and health policy initiatives.

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Murray, Aoife Maureen. "Investigating the role of ZDHHC9 in intellectual disability." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648223.

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Ebrahim, Shaheen Brian John. "Physical disability, health, depressed mood and use of services after stroke." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293216.

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Draper, William. "Workplace Discrimination and the Perception of Disability." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2876.

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Decisions by the EEOC in favor of claimants perceived to have disabilities disproportionately exceeded those in favor of claimants with documented disabilities. This finding lends support to the assertion that unconscious/implicit bias is persistent in the workplace.

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Schläpfer, Jörg. "Did the centralisation of the medical assessment decrease the disability rate in Switzerland?" St. Gallen, 2008. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/03601648002/$FILE/03601648002.pdf.

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Nolan, Renee H. "Uncovering the Keys of Success In The Utah Medicaid Work Incentive Program: A Grounded Theory Study." DigitalCommons@USU, 2006. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6236.

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The purpose of this grounded theory research was to determine what differentiates people with disabilities who leave Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits due to increased income from those who cannot. Fifteen individuals, former and current participants in a Medicaid Buy-In program, were interviewed. Within the context of health and disability, four theoretical propositions were identified: education, opportunity to work, interpersonal support, and secure housing. Higher benefit levels were also found to be an effective barrier for many.

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Zhao, Jin. "Sequence based identification of genetic variation associated with intellectual disability." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för immunologi, genetik och patologi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-326283.

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Intellectual disability (ID) is a common neurodevelopmental condition, often caused by genetic defects. De novo variation (DNV) is an important cause of ID, especially in severe or syndromic forms of the disorder. Next generation sequencing has been a successful application for finding pathogenic variation in ID patients. The main focus of this thesis is to use whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify pathogenic variants in undiagnosed ID patients. In Paper I, WES was used in family trios to identify pathogenic DNVs in patients diagnosed with ID in combination with epilepsy. This work led to the identification of several DNVs in both new and known disease genes, including the first report of variation in the HECW2 gene in association with neurodevelopmental disorder and epilepsy. Paper II is the first independent validation of PIGG as a disease-causing gene in patients with developmental disorder. We used WES to identify the homozygous variation in PIGG, and transcriptome analysis as well as flow-cytometry studies were used to validate the pathogenicity of the PIGG variation. We discovered that PIGG variation give different effects in different cell types, contributing new insights into the disease mechanism. Paper III is also an application of WES in trio families with patients diagnosed with ID in order to identify causal variants, a strategy similar to that of Paper I. Several pathogenic variants were identified in this study; in particular, the gene NAA15 is highlighted as a new disease gene, and was recently confirmed in independent studies. This study also adds evidence to support that variation in the PUF60 gene is causing the symptoms in patients with Verheij syndrome. In Paper IV, WGS was used to analyze families with consanguineous marriages. All families in this study had been previously analyzed with WES without finding a disease cause. A number of new disease-causing variants were identified in the study, including a first validation of FRMD4A as a disease-associated gene. This study also shows that WGS performs better than WES in finding variants, even for variants in coding parts of the genome.

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Börsbo, Björn. "Relationships between Psychological Factors, Disability, Quality of Life and Health in Chronic Pain Disorders." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Rehabiliteringsmedicin, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15691.

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Chronic pain is a very common condition with a prevalence of 40-65% in the community. The high prevalence of chronic pain causes a lot of human suffering but also high societal costs. The development and maintenance of chronic pain constitutes a complex interplay between neurobiological, psychosocial and genetic factors. A biopsychosocial model of chronic pain has been suggested to make a comprehensive context of the understanding of this issue. The main aims of this thesis were to analyze the relationships of the different components of the biopsychosocial model of pain and to study the relative importance of pain, stress and different psychological factors on disability and health related quality of life. The thesis is based on two groups of patients. One group consists of 275 patients with chronic Whiplash Associated Disorder (WAD) and one group comprise 433 patients with WAD, fibromyalgia (FM) and patients with chronic pain related to Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). The patients were investigated by questionnaires assessing different aspects of pain, depression, anxiety, catastrophizing, self-efficacy, disability and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL). The main results were that psychological factors (especially depression) correlated relatively strongly with perceived HRQL and disability. The degree of depression appeared to have the most important relationship to perceived HRQL. Despite the fact that the patients rated depression just mild or moderate, depression had a great importance for the outcome of HQRL and disability. Pain intensity and duration played, in the cross-sectional perspective, a minor role for perceived HRQL, whereas pain intensity related more to the outcome of perceived disability. From a clinical point of view it is important to assess the complex and unique situation of each individual with respect to depression, anxiety, self-efficacy and pain when planning treatment and rehabilitation in order to optimise the outcome of such programmes.

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Holt, Sheryl L. "RETROSPECTIVE FRAMES OF DISABILITY: THEMES DERIVED FROM PARENTS OF CHILDREN WHO GREW UP WITH CONGENITAL DISABILITY." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/rehabsci_etds/30.

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Introduction: For children born with physical disabilities, the perspectives and actions of their parents prove significant to their childhood developmental outcomes clinically, educationally, socially, and with regard to community participation. The lived world and perceptions of parents who have children with disabilities however is not well investigated. This study sought to understand parents’ framing of theirs and their children’s disability experiences. Family systems together with family systems intervention models, and disability theory were used to provide structure to interview instrumentation and subsequent analysis. Child-centered and ecologic influences were also used to track the transformative processes over time that infuses parental themes. Methods: Methods for this study followed traditions of heuristic phenomenology. Open-ended parental interviews, written and spoken, together with field notes were used to explore the meanings given to disability. Analysis focused on collective descriptions and critical themes. Results: The nine parents in this study revealed four dominant themes around which their children’s lived lives were both understood and framed. Navigating normal for us; Our pride and joy; Anything but disability; Lived lives, looking back. Each is expressed in the words of parents who reared a child with disabilities into adulthood. Discussion and Recommendations: Parental disability frameworks differ from medical model frameworks and those of disability studies but share similarities with each. The parent themes provided holistic views of what these families have lived and learned. Their perspectives provide potentially vital markers and points of inquiry for interventionists and team members who work with children and families. Themes may also offer categorical means to explore well-being and child outcomes. Additionally, the themes were transformative and empowering for parents, both in the discussion of individual matters and in their narratives. All participants iterated that they welcomed having their voices invited and heard.

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Edwards, J. V. "The life experiences of adults witn cystic fibrosis : the social and medical models of disability." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.440944.

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Carbone, Lisa Ann S. "Autonomy in the California Disability Services System." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1818.

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Legislation concerning California residents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (ID/DD) requires recipients of services to be treated as independent individuals while emphasizing self-determination. At the same time, under regulatory procedures, recipients are considered dependent on the delivered services and not self-determinant. Neither the California Department of Developmental Services nor the trade associations representing community service providers have established a unified, systematic practice to support self-determination. This phenomenological study explored the experience of adults with ID/DD working toward self-determination. Specifically, it explored how medical and social models contribute to shaping and actualizing the independence of this population. Interviews with eight adults with ID/DD explored the perceived barriers to, and opportunities for, achieving independence through self-determination. Under the current statutory regulations, the study viewed two conceptual lenses. The first lens, social role valorization, is based on the study of normalization. The second lens, social reaction, emphasizes a response to the disparities that acknowledge the political, cultural, and social beliefs associated with theories of deviance and social role valorization. The findings demonstrated that self-determination requires collaboration between coordinated services, primary social systems, and theoretical services supporting social role value. The discovery of these key elements may help California's disability service system fulfill legislative requirements to increase opportunities for personal choice.

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Bartholomy, Jonathan. "Disability Studies is Absolutely Essential in a World Engulfed by Technology and Medicalization." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1276875377.

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Hoskins, Jonathan Mark. "Incapacity, disability and dismissal : the implications for South African labour jurisprudence." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9019_1331819216.

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Disability in South African labour law is reduced to incapacity. An evaluation of disability and incapacity was made to advocate a clear conceptual break between the two concepts. Also, that disability should be grounded in a social model paradigm of disability which was a materialist critique of how capitalism constructs disability. To enhance the analysis discourse analysis was employed to illustrate how language, ideology and power sustained the notion of disability in capitalist society. A comparative analysis was made drawing on American disability jurisprudence and Canadian disability jurisprudence to illustrate the difference in approach between the two legal systems with a suggestion that the Canadian approach was better suited to the development of a South African disability law. And the development of South African disability law it was argued would benefit if a legal construction of disability was crafted to deal with the obstacles that disabled people encounter in the work-place.

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McLean, Sionnadh M. "Conservative management of non-specific neck pain : effectiveness of treatment, predictors of treatment outcome and upper limb disability." Thesis, University of Hull, 2007. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5857.

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Neck pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal problem that consumes considerable NHS resources. The socioeconomic impact for individuals, industry and society is high. However research into the management of neck pain is sparse. Reviews of the evidence revealed relatively little high quality evidence relating to the development, progression and management of non-specific neck pain. There is emerging evidence for the use of dynamic strengthening, proprioceptive and postural exercises for neck pain, although it is not known whether group exercise based on this emerging evidence is effective compared to usual physiotherapy. There is little evidence for prognostic factors for the progression of neck pain or outcome of treatment. Consequently clinicians are unable to predict which patients are likely to develop recurrent, persistent or chronic problems and have difficulty directing patients towards the most effective treatment approaches. Finally, there is anecdotal understanding that neck problems may lead to the development of upper limb disability and that upper limb disability may influence treatment outcome for patients with neck pain. Currently the relationship between neck pain and upper limb disability remains unquantified. The information gained from these reviews was utilised in the design of a randomised controlled trial to compare group based Graded Exercise Treatment and Usual Physiotherapy (GET UP) for patients with non-specific neck pain. The first aim of this thesis was to investigate the effectiveness of a graded neck and upper limb exercise programme (GET) compared with "usual physiotherapy" (UP). A randomised controlled trial of 151 patients showed that patients receiving UP and GET interventions had reduced neck pain and disability six months following intervention. Neck pain and disability scores in the UP group reduced by 7.7% at six month followup whilst those in the GET group reduced by 5.0%. For patients who completed treatment as per protocol, GET (8.8%) was as effective as UP (9.0%). The second aim was to investigate patient psychological, socio-demographic and physical variables which predicted treatment outcome. After adjusting for baseline neck pain and disability and treatment allocation, general linear modelling identified that, regardless of intervention, deprivation status significantly predicted treatment outcome at six months. In addition, baseline fear avoidance and treatment allocation interacted to predict six month outcome. Patients with high fear avoidance were predicted to have better outcome following GET. Those with low fear avoidance were predicted to have better outcome in UP. The final aim was to investigate the relationship between neck pain and upper limb disability. Pair wise analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between neck pain and disability and upper limb disability. Linear regression indicated that the severity of upper limb disability was predicted by two main baseline variables: higher NPQ scores and lower pain self efficacy scores. In conclusion GET and UP produced small but clinically meaningful reductions in neck pain and disability. Adherence to both forms of treatment, particularly GET, was a problem. For the subgroup group of patients who adhered to the treatment protocol, GET was as effective as UP, therefore the barriers to adhering with these treaments need to be better understood by clinicians and researchers alike. The GET programme appeared to be particularly beneficial for patients exhibiting high levels of fear avoidance beliefs. Therefore patients with neck pain should be assessed for the presence of fear avoidance beliefs and where appropriate directed towards active neck and upper limb rehabilitation. Patients from areas of social deprivation fared less well with physiotherapy than those from more affluent areas, regardless of intervention type. There is a need for more research into the influence of deprivation on treatment outcome. In particular there is a need to develop and evaluate innovative and targeted approaches which are suitable for such patients. Finally, clinicians should be aware that higher levels of neck pain and lower levels of pain self efficacy may provide an early indication of the presence of upper limb disability. Effective ways of managing neck related upper limb disability need further investigation since neither treatment was effective at reducing upper limb disability.

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Merkel, Dany. "Congenital disability, medical negligence and wrongful life actions, the limits of liability in Anglo-American tort law." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0003/MQ46035.pdf.

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Sydlik, Andrew J. "Pathology and Pity: The Interdependence of Medical and Moral Models of Disability in Nineteenth-Century American Literature." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587476303532943.

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Reed, Amy Rachel. "Rhetoric, Disability, and Prenatal Testing: Down Syndrome as an Object of Discourse." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77060.

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This project considers how disability studies and rhetorical studies—specifically the area of medical rhetoric—might usefully inform one another. In particular, this project examines prenatal testing for Down syndrome as a rhetorical situation that initiates and circulates many different discourses about Down syndrome. Chapter One begins by examining a frequently cited statistic in critiques of prenatal testing—the estimated pregnancy termination rate after a prenatal diagnosis of Down syndrome. It explores the validity of this statistic and uses this discussion to suggest that the effects of prenatal testing on social understandings of Down syndrome are complex and largely unknown. Chapter Two argues that intellectual disabilities, like Down syndrome, are underrepresented in disability studies literature and that their absence can be partially attributed to models of disability used in the field. Chapter Three argues that rhetorical analysis provides a means of examining how Down syndrome is discursively constructed. Chapter Four describes the events of prenatal testing for Down syndrome and analyzes the events as a rhetorical situation. In addition, it reviews feminist, disability, and cultural critiques of prenatal testing demonstrating the strengths of each strand of scholarship and suggesting where rhetorical analysis might provide new information. Chapters Five and Six provide analysis of two commentaries on the rhetorical situation of prenatal testing—genetic counseling discourse and parent discourse. These chapters find that ideal genetic counseling discourse offers pregnant women some opportunities to resist medicalization but also exhibits tension between what counselors say they do and what their rhetorical practice affords, especially regarding disability. In addition, analysis shows that users of prenatal testing are concerned with several factors of decision-making that are either not emphasized or ignored entirely in genetic counseling discourse. This project concludes that although different discourses about Down syndrome are available, elements of the prenatal testing situation make it easier for participants to draw on some discourses rather than others. Furthermore, it appears that certain events in the prenatal testing situation—such as the offer of amniocentesis—operate rhetorically in tacit ways, obscuring the relationship between the choice to undergo genetic screening and perceived meanings of Down syndrome.
Ph. D.

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Tucker, Joan A. "Local strategies in a global network : disability rights in Jamaica." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002117.

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Dalgin, Rebecca Spirito. "Disability disclosure in an employment interview impact on employers' hiring decisions and views of employability /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Van, der Bergh Euneece Audrey. "Employees’ perception of the factors that prevent disclosure of disability status to the employer: case of a selected higher education institution." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7728.

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Magister Commercii - MCom
There is an increase in the number of people with disabilities entering, and in the workplace. Industrialised countries are encountering a workforce that is ageing, which makes the prevalence of disability, due to chronic illness amongst employees, more evident. However, even with legislation and policies that support people in the workplace, such as the Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998, the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Act 53 of 2003 and the Code of Good Practice on Disability in the Workplace, many people still choose not to disclose their disabilities. Therefore, the main purpose of the study is to identify the perceived factors that could possibly prevent the disclosure of disability in the workplace. The study was conducted at one of the universities in the Western Cape. The study was qualitative in nature and made use of semi-structured interviews. Ten participants took part in the study and comprised of two academic staff members from each of the faculties on the main campus. Content analysis was used to analyse qualitative data where various themes and subthemes emerged.

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Shelton, Stephanie Michelle. "Implementing a Healthy Diet in the Intellectual Disability Residential Community." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4986.

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The problem addressed in this study was how staff working in a residential agency for individuals with an intellectual disability (IID) make decisions about how to implement a healthy diet. The purpose of this study was to identify the influences on decisions made by staff on the meals they provided to their clients with an IID. The theory of planned was used to study the influences of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control on the meals provided for IID. The key research question explored how staff members make decisions. A qualitative case study design was used. The 12 participants in the study represented 3 levels of personnel (cases) in a residential agency that served the IID population. Individual interviews were conducted, and within-case and across-case analyses were employed utilizing the theory to note similarities and differences in meal planning, preparation, and implementation. Pattern matching was used to compare results from the study with previous research findings. Results showed that clients had a greater influence over meal planning, preparation, and delivery, particularly those with higher cognitive levels. This was true across all levels in the agency and consistent with prior research. Recommendations for further study include studying similar agencies in different regions and whether providing staff with additional knowledge about meal planning makes a difference in meals provided to IID. Social change can be implemented by using the information from the study to develop a preliminary intervention plan to accommodate the needs of IID and assist staff in developing nutritious meals.

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Bakhtiary, Amir Hoshang. "Development of a system for assessing upper limb function and disability: effect of motor learning in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484293.

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White, Thomas. ""Their whiteness is not like ours" : a social and cultural history of albinism and albino identities, 1650-1914." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/their-whiteness-is-not-like-ours-a-social-and-cultural-history-of-albinism-and-albino-identities-16501914(ed208c6d-a4b3-44d3-8ce4-70e9de40d9b7).html.

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This research charts the long cultural trajectory of albinism from early modern travel encounters and Enlightenment exhibitions to medical classification and biological experimentation. It argues the whiteness of albinism functioned as a visible provocation to thinkers involved in work crucial to major conceptual developments in western science and medicine. It stresses this rare complexion was a prism through which medical and scientific researchers studied human variation, disease and inheritance. It examines how albinism paralleled a broader historical production of modern racial and pathological identities. T¬his research traces medico-scientific discourses in order to understand their affect on people diagnosed with albinism. It commences with analysis of ‘unusually white’ people in travel narratives and Enlightenment ephemera between 1650-1799. It bridges plural representations of ‘unusual whiteness’ as sub-human or racially distinct with the crystallisation from the 1770s of a pathological definition for ‘leucoethiopia’. It demonstrates circulation of medical case studies and the formal classification of albinism as congenital disease by medical men in 1822 reflected a far-reaching revolution in medical thought and practice across Europe. It links this medical paradigm shift with the rise of heredity theory from the 1850s. It argues widespread experimentation with albino animals supported fierce early twentieth-century debates among biologists about Mendel’s laws of heredity. It concludes with analysis of the dialectic between medical knowledge about albinism and ‘albino’ identities. It argues people with albinism both internalised and camouflaged medical associations with defect through the adoption of class privilege and individual social tactics. Overall, this research makes a significant claim to rethink the histories of race, disability and medicine. It spotlights albinism as a critical nexus to understand the making of the normal and the pathological body, and it pinpoints the unstable relationship between medical diagnosis and individual agency.

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Boy, Anthony Albert. "Dismissal for medical incapacity." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1016262.

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Labour law in South Africa has evolved over the past century at an ever increasing pace. The establishment of a democratic government in 1995 has been the trigger for a large number of labour law statutes being promulgated, particularly with reference to the laws governing the employment relationship and dismissal. From very humble and employer biased dispute resolution application under the common law of contract, labour law in this country has evolved through the various acts culminating in a labour law system which is highly regulated and codified. Dismissal for medical incapacity in this treatise is reviewed with regard to the applicable statutes and the various codes of good practice as the law has evolved and developed from the period covered by the common law through that covered by the 1995 LRA up to and including the current period. Particular attention is paid to both substantive and procedural requirements as well as the remedies applicable under the different legal regimes and the pertinent tribunals and courts. Regard is also given to the duration and causes of incapacity and the effect this may have on the applicable remedy applied by these tribunals. It will become apparant that the medically incapacitated employee occupied a relatively weak and vulnerable position under the common law as opposed to the current position under the 1995 LRA. The influence of the remedies applied by the tribunals under the 1956 LRA are clearly evident in the current regulations and codes under the 1995 LRA which contain specific statutory provisions for employees not to be unfairly dismissed. Distinctions are drawn between permissible and impermissible dismissals, with medical incapacity falling under the former. Furthermore, a distinction is drawn statutorily between permanent and temporary illhealth/injury incapacity with detailed guidelines for substantive and procedural fairness requirements to be met by employers. The powers of the specialist tribunals (CCMA, Bargaining Councils and Labour Courts) are regulated by statutory provisions and deal with appropriate remedies (reinstatement and/or compensation) a wardable in appropriate circumstances. Certain specific areas nonetheless still remain problematic for these tribunals and hence questions that require clear direction from the drafters of our law are: How to distinguish misconduct in alcohol and drug abuse cases? What degree of intermittent absenteeism is required before dismissal would be warranted? In certain other areas the tribunals have been fairly consistent and prescriptive in their approach and remedies awarded. Included here would be permanent incapacity, HIV cases and misconduct. It will emerge, however, that under the 1995 LRA the position of employees and the protections afforded them have been greatly increased.

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Lewis, Allison M. "An Examination of Disability Stereotypes in Medical Dramas Before and After the Passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1405981138.

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Goulet-Stock, Sybil, Sergio Rueda, Afshin Vafaei, Anca Ialomiteanu, Jakob Manthey, Jürgen Rehm, and Benedikt Fischer. "Comparing Medical and Recreational Cannabis Users on Socio-Demographic, Substance and Medication Use, and Health and Disability Characteristics." Karger, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70866.

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Background: While recreational cannabis use is common, medical cannabis programs have proliferated across North America, including a federal program in Canada. Few comparisons of medical and recreational cannabis users (RCUs) exist; this study compared these groups on key characteristics. Methods: Data came from a community-recruited sample of formally approved medical cannabis users (MCUs; n = 53), and a sub-sample of recreational cannabis users (RCUs; n = 169) from a representative adult survey in Ontario (Canada). Samples were telephone-surveyed on identical measures, including select socio-demographic, substance and medication use, and health and disability measures. Based on initial bivariate comparisons, multivariate logistical regression with a progressive adjustment approach was performed to assess independent predictors of group status. Results: In bivariate analyses, older age, lower household income, lower alcohol use, higher cocaine, prescription opioid, depression and anxiety medication use, and lower health and disability status were significantly associated with medical cannabis use. In the multivariate analysis, final model, household income, alcohol use, and disability levels were associated with medical cannabis use. Conclusions/Scientific Significance: Compared to RCUs, medical users appear to be mainly characterized by factors negatively influencing their overall health status. Future studies should investigate the actual impact and net benefits of medical cannabis use on these health problems.

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Pirtle, Jody Marie. "Collaboration Among Families, Educators, and Medical Professionals to Create a Rural Medical Home for Children with Special Health Care Needs and Disabilities." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/283632.

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Families of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and disabilities who lived in rural communities faced a variety of economic, social, and environmental challenges. Bronfenbrenner (1979, 2005) in his Bioecological Theory of Human Development offered an insightful lens for understanding the nested environments in which these families interact. This model was used as the overarching framework for this dissertation. The three manuscripts contained in this dissertation have included analyses of the involvement and participation of families of CSHCN and disabilities in the creation of a medical home located in a rural southwestern border community. These studies were critical for the medical home professionals - family involvement was at the core of the medical home philosophy. The overarching purpose of this dissertation was to set the foundation for successful family participation and feedback in the medical home. Within the first manuscript, I used the Medical Home Family Index to discover families’ (a) perceptions of interactions with medical professionals and (b) ratings of the quality of care within the medical home. Families of CSHCN (N = 92) completed the Medical Home Family Index and descriptive statistics as well as Chi-Square analyses were completed. Significant associations between families’ home languages and the amount of time the CSHCN had been receiving services at the medical home and the families’ responses were found. No associations between the children’s ages and the families’ responses were found. Recommendations for medical home professionals to complete the partner index, the Medical Home Index, were included. The purpose of the second manuscript was to examine the support needs of families of CSHCN and disabilities. Relationships between the severity of the children’s special health care needs and disabilities and the potential services they required were explored. For this study, a small sample (N = 25) of families of CSHCN completed the Family Needs section of the Center for Medical Home Improvement Family Survey, an in-depth, five-part survey designed to have families report on the services and supports that their CSHCN actually received. Families of CSHCN identified the need for therapies to be provided within the community. Findings from this study supported the creation of a pilot program in which parents were active participants in an intensive summer program designed to address the language and communication needs of their children. The purposes of the third manuscript were to (a) conduct research in two settings - a rural medical home and the families’ natural environments, (b) identify families’ perceptions of a targeted summer language intervention program, and (c) determine what changes in young children’s communication skills could be measured when parents were active members in a targeted summer language intervention program. For the third study, fourteen children with language delays and their families participated. Children were assessed using the Battelle Developmental Inventory-2nd Edition or the Preschool Language Scale-4th Edition. Intervention was conducted within a pediatric medical home and families continued the intervention at home. For both test results, the treatment had a significant effect. All families indicated a strong desire to continue the program and families who were most concerned with their children’s language were most satisfied with the program. This pilot program model was an example of ways that interventions could be extended successfully beyond traditional settings.

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Constantinou, Demitri. "Profiles of illness and injury among South African elite athletes with disability at the 2012 Summer Paralympic Games." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22788.

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Epidemiological data is important to better understand injury and illness patterns in para athletes. Medical teams used a web-based injury and illness surveillance system (WEB-IISS system) to all the para-athlete injuries and illnesses during the 2012 London Paralympic games. All team physicians could access the system at any time to log data, providing a vast database for potential research. The relative ease of data collection permits large amounts of data to be analysed, providing important surveillance data on injury and illness. Data on the South African para-athletes, provided by the team's Chief Medical Officer, were assessed and compared to all countries. This study aimed to describe the illness and injury profiles in South African elite paraathletes who participated in the 2012 Summer Paralympic Games; and compare these profiles to data from the other countries that participated. A retrospective sub-analysis of the data-set collected from a large prospective study of injury and illness at the London Summer Paralympic Games in 2012 was compared to data collected on all para-athletes from input by team physicians into the WEB-ISS system. In total, 62 South African para-athletes presented with 19 injuries, with an injury rate of 21.9 per 1000 athlete days. Twenty-five para-athletes presented illness, with an illness rate of 28.8 per 1000 athlete days. The overall injury and illness rate in the South African para-athletes was higher than the injury and illness rate in all para-athlete participants at the London Paralympic Games. The anatomical distribution of injuries (lower limbs, axial and upper limbs) and the nature of illness (respiratory, skin & subcutaneous and digestive systems) were however similar. Causative factors are not evident and need to be further studied. Increased efforts in injury and illness surveillance and preventative programmes should be employed to reduce the incidence of injury and illness, and their severity . Such efforts in para-athlete care should be ongoing with surveillance to monitor and manage trends to ensure the culmination of Paralympic competition does not result in high rates of injury and illness. Education of healthcare providers, para-athletes, coaches and others in the management of para-athletes, is key.

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Danczyk-Hawley, Carolyn E. "Examining the Progression of Disability Benefits Among Employees in the United States." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1159.

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The following project is a compilation of three separate articles all utilizing a database extracted from the UNUM/Provident Life Insurance Company, including all consecutive short-term disability (STD) claims filed with UNUM from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1996 from claimants who were also insured for long-term disability (LTD) by UNUM. The resulting sample includes 77,297 claims.The results of these studies are part of a larger investigation that documented the Progression of Disability Benefits (PODB) phenomenon. PODB refers to the migration of workers with work-limiting disabilities through a system of economic benefits resulting in their placement onto Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI). Claimant and employer demographics were found to influence the PODB. The following articles study three unique ways in which the PODB measure can be informative.The first of the articles tracts the experience of 400 individuals with neurological impairments through the PODB, and compares them with a general disability population on key demographic characteristics. In general, it is found that persons with neurological conditions have greater progression on to advanced disability levels than other types of disabilities. Individual claimants are also younger and male.The second article explores the relationship of integrated disability management(IDM) practices with PODB. It proposes that while the efficacy of IDM programs has been measured by the bottom line, that PODB can be used as an additional tool to assess effectiveness of DM programs. It finds that employers with higher levels of IDM activity will experience a reduced PODB rating.The third and final article examines one industry, Healthcare. It studies how demographics can be used to predict claimant industry as well as PODB performance. Findings reveal that men were more likely to move on to advanced disability benefits while workers in the Healthcare industry were less likely to move on to advanced statuses than employees in other industries. Furthermore, disability type is the greatest predictor of PODB, followed by age for all but one category in which employment sector was the next predictor of PODB. This finding leads to questions regarding how the workplace may contribute to disability and the PODB.

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Ho, Sin Huen Mimi. "The impact of perfectionism on psychological well-being and ill-being in athletes with and without hearing disability." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7882/.

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The overarching aim of the current thesis was to assess the well-being and ill-being correlates of two perfectionism dimensions (i.e., self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism) in hearing and deaf athletes. In Study One (Chapter Two), a cross-sectional approach revealed the similarities in the relationships between self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism and the broader array of burning out symptoms in deaf and hearing athletes. Study Two (Chapter Three) adopted a longitudinal design, and examined whether self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism predicted changes in enjoyment and subjective vitality over four months, as well as whether changes in exhaustion over the same time period mediated the hypothesised relationships. A further purpose of study two was to examine whether the hypothesised relationships were invariant across hearing and deaf athletes. Study Three (Chapter Four) adopted qualitative semi-structured interviews to gain a deeper understanding of high self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism in deaf and hearing athletes using a self-regulation framework. The majority of the findings suggest that self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism function in a similar manner across deaf and hearing athletes. It is hoped that the findings presented in this thesis may inform future research in deaf athletes to help protect this growing population from the perils of perfectionism.

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Davies, Bronwen. "Emotional perception and regulation and their relationship with challenging behaviour in people with a learning disability." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/50462/.

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Objectives: This study explores the relationships between challenging behaviour, emotional recognition, alexithymia and cognitive emotional regulation strategies in a population of people with learning disabilities. The Emotional Recognition Questionnaire was developed to measure an individual’s ability to identify the emotions they would feel in a given situation. One objective of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the tool. Methodology: Cross-sectional data was collected from 96 participants with a learning disability and 95 of their carers. The service user participants completed the Emotional Recognition Questionnaire (ERQ), and adapted versions of the Alexithymia Questionnaire for Children (AQC) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire for Children (CERQ-k). Carer participants completed the Checklist for Challenging Behaviour (CBC) and the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS). Correlational analyses were computed to identify relationships between the variables and linear regression was used to identify the predictive value of variables in relation to the main outcome variables of challenging behaviour frequency, management difficulty and severity. Finally, a between group analysis was conducted to compare the emotional recognition abilities of people with high frequency challenging behaviour with those with low or no challenging behaviour. Analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. Results: No relationship was found between the ERQ and the AQC so the construct validity of the ERQ was not supported. The results highlighted significant negative associations between emotional recognition abilities and challenging behaviour frequency and management difficulty. Significant differences in emotional recognition abilities were found between people with high frequency challenging behaviour and those with low or no challenging behaviours. Observer rated alexithymia was significantly related to challenging behaviour frequency, management difficulty and severity. Cognitive emotional regulation strategies and service user measured alexithymia were not, however, related to challenging behaviour. Other relationships were found between service user rated alexithymia and the cognitive emotional regulation strategies of Catastrophizing and acceptance, and emotional recognition was negatively related to self-blame. Conclusions: Overall, the study suggests that emotional recognition and observer related alexithymia are important in understanding challenging behaviour presented by people with a learning disability. This has implications for clinical practice and further research. Additional research needs to be conducted to evaluate the construct validity and test-retest reliability of the Emotional Recognition Questionnaire.

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Camara, Nathan Joshua. "Life After Disability Diagnosis: The Impact of Special Education Labeling in Higher Education." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/eps_diss/79.

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There has been an increasing number of students with learning disabilities attending colleges and universities over the past two decades. As a result of federal legislation, institutions of higher education are required through an office of student support services to provide accommodations and modifications for students with disabilities in order to receive federal monies. This semi-structured interview-based qualitative study seeks to understand how four higher education students with disabilities make the choice to “come out” as possessing a learning disability in order to seek academic assistance from the office of student support services. The foundation for this inquiry emerges out of the differences between the medical and social models of disabilities. The framework for the medical model places the individual with a disability as needing to be cured in order to have a normal life, while the social model of disabilities focuses on how society is constructed around able-bodied individuals without substantive consideration for individual differences – specifically disabilities. The data collected were analyzed using a cross-interview analysis of participants’ responses to interview questions. Because little research has been conducted in this content area, the research focused on themes relating to the stigma of disability labels, the choice to come out as possessing a disability, the role of the academic resource center to obtain accommodations and modifications, and the meaning of success for higher education students with disabilities. The stigma associated with possessing a disability while attending an institution of higher education can place additional anxiety on individuals who decide to come out as possessing a disability. The significance of this research to the fields of higher education and disability studies is to gain a better understanding of how the stigma that is associated with students with disabilities affects the manner in which they choose to access student support services and identify themselves as possessing a learning disability. By making the choice to be identified as possessing a disability, students can access academic accommodations and modifications to support academic success, yet the same choice has the potential to have a negative social consequence of being socially labeled as an othered individual. The outcomes for this research study can inform policies and practices relating to the self-identification that students with disabilities must adhere to in order to obtain accommodations and modifications.

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Stevens, Robert L. "A Phenomenological Study Exploring Relationship Change through the Adjustment to Chronic Illness & Disability (CID) Journey." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1488819749930909.

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Beight, Debra Lynn. "Medicine, Intersex, and Conceptions of Futurity: Examining the Intersections of Responsibility and Uncertainty." The Ohio State University, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1618592071848521.

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Mohseni-Bandpei, Mohammad Ali. "Chronic low back pain : a randomised controlled trial of spinal manipulation measuring pain, functional disability, lumbar movements and muscle endurance using surface electromyography." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365048.

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Polk, Katrina. "Multifamily Subsidized Housing Seniors' Awareness of Aging and Disability Resource Center Services." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3255.

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Over 75% of adults 60 years of age or older who live in Washington, D.C. are unaware of access to Aging and Disability Resource Centers' (ADRC) community-based services. Approximately 25% of these individuals are low-income and reside in multifamily subsidized housing. With a theoretical basis in Penchansky and Thomas' construct of access, this phenomenological study explored whether increased awareness of access to ADRC service delivery may potentially better meet the needs of this socioeconomically marginalized population. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 senior citizens in Washington, D.C. who received some programmatic assistance, such as housing or meal delivery, but not necessarily through an ADRC. Interview data were inductively coded and analyzed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis method. Findings indicate that while there is an apparent need for community-based services, many participants who were not aware of ARDC services wanted more information about how to access the service delivery system to age in place, avoid burdening children, retain housing vouchers, and prevent nursing home placement. In contrast, seniors who accessed ADRC, based on the construct of access, found services acceptable, accessible, affordable, available, accommodating, and helpful in allowing them to remain independent and at home. The results of this study contribute to positive social change by recommending that program administrators focus on outreach to the program's target population, thereby improving access to resources so they can be self-reliant and prolong residential longevity for aging-in-place demands.

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Grant, Michael A. "Brain-machine interfaces: moving towards independent living for the severely disabled." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21160.

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Thesis (M.A.) PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
The brain-machine interface (BMI) is an exciting new class of device in the field of biomedical engineering that shows great promise for the rehabilitation of persons with paralysis by recording neural signals and translating them into movement of objects such as prosthetics and computer cursors. This study aims to present a brief history of the devices including the three main methods of recording neural signals as well as some of the functions possible with BMIs and their basic design. It will also provide insight into some of the technical challenges currently preventing BMIs from widespread use for rehabilitative therapy including, but not limited to, signal degradation and a lack of design consensus. This study will also give examples of exciting new methods that are being considered for integration into the BMI world such as functional electrical stimulation and optogenetics as well as providing some examples of currently available commercial BMIs that are on the market. The study will conclude with a discussion of what needs to be done in order for BMIs to eventually enable paralyzed persons to live independently. A hypothetical scenario is depicted that highlights some of the factors that will need to be considered in order to allow a paralyzed person to fully rely on their BMI. Finally, a discussion of the ethical implications of BMIs are presented including how BMIs should be implemented with children as there is currently no research on that subject. Pediatric adoption of cochlear implants is used as an example of a similar technology that has already been widely accepted for public use despite lingering ethical concerns.
2031-01-01

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McLeod, Michelle M. "Neuromuscular and Musculoskeletal Outcomes Following Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy or Meniscal Repair." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1417769863.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Medicare disability'

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