Academic literature on the topic 'Medicinal and aromatic plant'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Medicinal and aromatic plant.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Medicinal and aromatic plant"
1
Veeranna B Shettar and Ranjith Y, Arunakumar N. C. "Medicinal Plant Resources of Shivamogga, Karnataka." January 2021 7, no. 01 (2021): 96–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst070122.
Full textAbstract:
The present study deals with the documentation of aromatic plant resources in Shivamogga district of Karnataka. The peoples of this area have a very good knowledge about the usage of these plants. Elder peoples of this area have common knowledge and easy cure for many common ailments and prepare different types of medicines from different plant parts. India is rich in medicinal and aromatic plants and play an important role in the country's agricultural sector due to quantitative and qualitative advantages. These plants can help small-scale farmers to strengthen their livelihoods and capacity to build successful and sustainable activities. A total of 40 aromatic plant species belonging to 33 genera and distributed over 22 families were recorded in the present study area.
2
AVAN, Meltem. "Important Fungal Diseases in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Their Control." Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research 2, no. 1 (2021): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46592/turkager.2021.v02i01.019.
Full textAbstract:
Aromatic plants constitute the main raw materials of the perfumery, food and cosmetics industry and in recent years with the increasing demand for therapeutic herbal medicines, interest in medicinal and aromatic plants has increased. Raw materials from medicinal and aromatic plants have recently begun to be used and spread in the food sector, especially in industrial sectors such as paint and perfumery. For this reason, growing healthy plant material is very important in terms of the protection of these crops. However, fungal diseases such as root rot, wilt, leaf spots, blight and anthracnose, which are problems during the cultivation of both medicinal and aromatic plants, negatively affect both the quantity and quality of these plants. For this reason, an integrated management practices including cultural measures, herbal products, biological control and, if necessary, chemical control methods with especially these fungal diseases are very important. In this review, 27 medicinal and aromatic plants, 37 fungal diseases, their chemical and biological control were included, and 161 references were used.
3
Kandari, L. S., K. S. Rao, K. C. Payal, R. K. Maikhuri, A. Chandra, and J. Van Staden. "Conservation of aromatic medicinal plant Rheum emodi through improved seed germination." Seed Science and Technology 40, no. 1 (2012): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2012.40.1.10.
Full text
4
Golijan, Jelena, and Dimitrije Marković. "Importance of Using Compost and Bacterial Biofuels in the Organic Production of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." АГРОЗНАЊЕ 19, no. 3 (2018): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.7251/agren1803211g.
Full textAbstract:
The areas under the organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants are constantly increasing, both domestically and globally. Since organic production does not allow the application of synthetic fertilizers, organic fertilizers like compost and bacterial biofuels have special importance. The aim of this paper is to point out the positive effects of the application of these fertilizers in the organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants. Microbiological fertilizers and compost not only have beneficial effects on the productivity of medicinal and aromatic plants by improving physical and biological properties of the soil, but also affect the quality and increase the content of essential oils and also improve the physiological status of a plant. Azotobacter produce anti-fungal compounds that protect against plant pathogens, while increasing germination and vitality of plants demonstrates the importance of their application in the organic production of medicinal and aromatic plants.
5
Karade, Divya, Durairaj Vijayasarathi, Narendra Kadoo, Renu Vyas, P. K. Ingle, and Muthukumarasamy Karthikeyan. "Design of Novel Drug-like Molecules Using Informatics Rich Secondary Metabolites Analysis of Indian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 23, no. 10 (2020): 1113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207323666200606211342.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Several medicinal plants are being used in Indian medicine systems from ancient times. However, in most cases, the specific molecules or the active ingredients responsible for the medicinal or therapeutic properties are not yet known. Objective: This study aimed to report a computational protocol as well as a tool for generating novel potential drug candidates from the bioactive molecules of Indian medicinal and aromatic plants through the chemoinformatics approach. Methods: We built a database of the Indian medicinal and aromatic plants coupled with associated information (plant families, plant parts used for the medicinal purpose, structural information, therapeutic properties, etc.) We also developed a Java-based chemoinformatics open-source tool called DoMINE (Database of Medicinally Important Natural products from plantaE) for the generation of virtual library and screening of novel molecules from known medicinal plant molecules. We employed chemoinformatics approaches to in-silico screened metabolites from 104 Indian medicinal and aromatic plants and designed novel drug-like bioactive molecules. For this purpose, 1665 ring containing molecules were identified by text mining of literature related to the medicinal plant species, which were later used to extract 209 molecular scaffolds. Different scaffolds were further used to build a focused virtual library. Virtual screening was performed with cluster analysis to predict drug-like and lead-like molecules from these plant molecules in the context of drug discovery. The predicted drug-like and lead-like molecules were evaluated using chemoinformatics approaches and statistical parameters, and only the most significant molecules were proposed as the candidate molecules to develop new drugs. Results and Conclusion: The supra network of molecules and scaffolds identifies the relationship between the plant molecules and drugs. Cluster analysis of virtual library molecules showed that novel molecules had more pharmacophoric properties than toxicophoric and chemophoric properties. We also developed the DoMINE toolkit for the advancement of natural product-based drug discovery through chemoinformatics approaches. This study will be useful in developing new drug molecules from the known medicinal plant molecules. Hence, this work will encourage experimental organic chemists to synthesize these molecules based on the predicted values. These synthesized molecules need to be subjected to biological screening to identify potential molecules for drug discovery research.
6
Fajinmi, O. O., M. G. Kulkarni, J. F. Finnie, and J. Van Staden. "Factors influencing seed germination of Coleonema album – an aromatic and medicinal plant." Seed Science and Technology 41, no. 2 (2013): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15258/sst.2013.41.2.13.
Full text
7
Gyawali, R. R., and H. R. Paudel. "Plant Bio-resources used in Ethno-veterinary Practices in Jumla District." Nepalese Veterinary Journal 34 (December 21, 2017): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nvj.v34i0.22915.
Full textAbstract:
Jumla is one of the districts in high mountain region of Nepal from where the medicinal and aromatic plants, their parts and products are exported annually. A study was carried out from March to June 2014 to document the plant resources used in ethno veterinary practice by local people. Focal group discussions and key informant interviews were carried out to enlist plant bio resources used as ethno veterinary medicines. It was revealed that people used 42 plant resources to correct 28 different ailments in animals. Among the listed plant resources, about 87% were the home products of the district. Hence, the study led to the conclusion that there is opportunity to explore the locally found medicinal plants as ethno veterinary medical practice and commercial veterinary herbal medicine.
8
Shaikh, Mosma Nadim, and Digambar Nabhu Mokat. "Role of Rhizosphere Fungi Associated with Commercially Explored Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: A Review." Current Agriculture Research Journal 6, no. 1 (2018): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.6.1.09.
Full textAbstract:
The study of rhizospheric microbial flora for the enhancement of aroma compounds is well recognized. The rhizosphere microbes also play very important role in improving medicinal values of plants. Rhizospheric microbes affect the plant physiology by imparting several useful effects such as nitrogen fixation, nutrient uptake, and production of secondary metabolites in the medicinal and aromatic plants. Recent days there are increasing the interests in the research of the relation between rhizosphere microbes associated with medicinal plant for the improvement of quality of medicinal plants. A large variety of fungi and bacteria is recognized in the rhizosphere soil of medicinal plants that showed significant effect in secondary metabolite alteration and uptake of plant nutrient. There are reports that rhizosphere fungi not only enhanced the growth parameters in plants but also considerably modulated essential oil’s quality. This study highlighted the researches performed on active role of rhizosphere fungi on explored medicinal and aromatic plants. As the use of organic material is one of the constituents of good agricultural practices (GAPs). Therefore, this review also investigates the environmental concerns reducing the use harmful chemicals as well as recommendation for utilization of biological and organics in agriculture. Therefore, a proper understanding of role of rhizosphere mycoflora associated with the medicinal plants is essential.
9
Hutchings, A. "Observations on plant usage in Xhosa and Zulu medicine." Bothalia 19, no. 2 (1989): 225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v19i2.965.
Full textAbstract:
The holistic concept of Xhosa and Zulu traditional medicine and some differences from Western orthodox practice are briefly outlined. The transmission of herbal knowledge within various social groups is outlined. The background, training and some procedures followed by five of the informants are discussed. Plant characteristics that may be seen, felt, smelled or tasted are considered as possible determinants of usage. The form of plant parts accounts for some usage in the more magically orientated medicines whereas colour, texture or the production of froth may signal the presence of medicinally active components such as tannin, mucilage and saponin. The role of plants producing a milky latex is discussed. Vesicant or irritant properties are utilized in septic or inflammatory conditions. Aromatic plants are used for respiratory or digestive disorders and pungent-smelling plants are used in the treatment of catarrh and some stress-related disorders. Bitter or sour- tasting plants may be used as an aid to digestion or serve a deterrent function. Parallel usage of some related plants in African and European herbal practice indicates that appropriate usage may be widely determined by easily discerned plant characteristics. Two herbal medicinal recipes recorded by the author and a list of medicinal plants collected in Transkei are presented.
10
Setzer, William. "The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants." Medicines 5, no. 4 (2018): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicines5040121.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Native Americans have had a rich ethnobotanical heritage for treating diseases, ailments, and injuries. Cherokee traditional medicine has provided numerous aromatic and medicinal plants that not only were used by the Cherokee people, but were also adopted for use by European settlers in North America. Methods: The aim of this review was to examine the Cherokee ethnobotanical literature and the published phytochemical investigations on Cherokee medicinal plants and to correlate phytochemical constituents with traditional uses and biological activities. Results: Several Cherokee medicinal plants are still in use today as herbal medicines, including, for example, yarrow (Achillea millefolium), black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa), American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius), and blue skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora). This review presents a summary of the traditional uses, phytochemical constituents, and biological activities of Cherokee aromatic and medicinal plants. Conclusions: The list is not complete, however, as there is still much work needed in phytochemical investigation and pharmacological evaluation of many traditional herbal medicines.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medicinal and aromatic plant"
1
Figlan, Sandiswa. "Generation of clonal microplants and hairy root cultures of the aromatic medicinal plant Salvia runcinata L.f." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71948.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Bacterial and fungal pathogens have developed numerous defence mechanisms against antimicrobial chemical agents, and resistance to old and new produced drugs are on the rise. Discovery of natural products derived from plants with diverse chemical structures and novel mechanisms of action to treat these notorious pathogens is a priority. Biotechnology (discussed in Chapter 1) has much to offer as a pharmacological tool and in the general study of medicinal plants. The Genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) has gathered much interest as these plants manufacture a diverse range of secondary metabolites including flavonoids, tannins and terpenoids. Of particular interest are the terpenoids which are largely implicated in the efficacy of Salvia plants as traditional medicines contributing to their pharmacological actions (discussed in Chapter 2). Due to the importance of these plants as herbal remedies, in this study, biotechnological techniques such as tissue culture and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation were applied on Salvia runcinata L.f., a South African medicinal plant, in an attempt to enhance the metabolomic profile and its bioactivity. Like so many other sages, S. runcinata has been used in folk medicine to treat a variety of ailments. Application of biotechnology was viewed as an important value adding platform for this species, assisting with its commercialisation for the cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore the study had three foci: (1) to determine the seed germination behaviour and optimal conditions for micropropagation; (2) to develop a protocol that would be efficient whilst being simple for genetic transformation; and lastly, (3) to conduct phytochemical studies on in vitro generated S. runcinata transgenic hairy root and in vitro organ cultures by comparing these to glasshouse plants as potential therapeutic sources of natural compounds used in the treatment of infections in plants and humans. Data generated is thus summarised in three research chapters and Chapter 3 describes the formulated procedures assisting with in vitro seed germination and micropropagation of S. runcinata. The efficacy of smoke and scarification treatments for germination improvement was initially tested coupled to the evaluation of different hormonal combinations and different explant types which would aid with inducing adventitious shoot formation in vitro. The most effective germination treatment proved to be a 3 min exposure of seeds to 25% (w/v) H2SO4 combined with a concentration of 10-5 M smoke solution, resulting to more than 80% germination. Shoot proliferation was significantly higher using nodal explants with the addition of 4.43 μM BA. The protocol established in this part of the study is viable for large scale commercial production of S. runcinata as it would yield 1296 to 46656 viable plants in 4 to 6 months from one nodal explant. Micropropagation was applied also as a pre-emptive measure to ease pressure on the wild plants as the demand for S. runcinata is anticipated to increase due to its growing economic value as it is one of two South African sages with epi-α-bisabolol that is sought after by the pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries. This makes the protocol developed in this part of the study suitable for ex situ conservation of S. runcinata plantlets. Evaluations on the transgene transfer capacities of two different agropine strains (A4T and LBA 9402) of Agrobacterium rhizogenes to induce hairy root cultures of S. runcinata explants on nodal and leaf explants were conducted (reported in Chapter 4). Hairy roots formed 3 to 4 weeks after inoculation of the explants and these agropine strains showed different abilities for genetic transformation with the LBA 9402 strain producing significantly more roots on each explant compared to the A4T strain (P=0.0075). However, none of the LBA 9402 derived clones and only 2 clones generated through A4T transformation survived subculturing. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the presence and transcription (respectively) of rol A, rol B, rol C and ags genes which are mobilised from the transfer-DNA (T-DNA) fragment of the root-inducing (Ri) plasmid of A. rhizogenes to the plant genome during transformation. The two A4T clones, termed here A4T3 and A4T5, were stably transformed, Southern blot analysis using rol A as a probe further validated the integration of one copy of the rol A gene. Transformed hairy roots, untransformed roots from tissue cultured plants, tissue culture-derived plants and glasshouse-grown plants were profiled for secondary metabolites by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in Chapter 5. In this part of the study, it is clear that the use of tissue culture as a propagation system did not negatively affect the volatile compound profile of S. runcinata and plants had a similar essential oil content to that reported by Kamatou et al. (2008), leading to a conclusion that in vitro plants maintained their biochemical integrity even under an alternative micro-controlled environment. Similarly to others, Ri-transformation was explored as an avenue to alter secondary metabolism creating inter-clonal variation. Transformed clones were distinguishable, displaying more of some primary metabolites including sucrose, galactose, sorbose and fructose than the leaf extracts. With the current GC-MS methods used, this clear distinction was not obvious at the secondary metabolite level. In general, solvent extracts (acetone and methanol:dichloromethane (MetOH: DCM) (1:1 v/v) exhibited good to moderate antibacterial activity with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.39 to 0.78 mg ml-1. However, in vitro plant cultures were the most potent against two Gram-negative bacterial strains: Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883), and two Gram-positive bacterial strains: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 12600). The hairy root extracts did not show any activity against fungi, Fusarium subglutinans (MRC 0115) and Fusarium proliferatum (MRC 6908). Micropropagation therefore proves to be an interesting avenue for commercial production of S. runcinata, supplying plants with an improved pharmacological activity. Hence the biotechnological approach applied here is a viable strategy for the production of medicinal bioactives from S. runcinata.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Bakterieë en fungi patogene het baie verskeie meganismes ontwikkel teen antimikrobiese chemiese agente, en weerstand teen ou en nuwe chemise stowwe is besig om te vergroot. Daarom is dit belangrik om natuurlike plantaardige produkte met diverse chemiese strukture en unieke werkings meganismes te ontdek waarmee hierdie berugte patogene beveg kan word. Biotegnologie (wat in Hoofstuk 1 bespreek word) kan gebruik word as 'n farmakologiese hulpmiddel in die algemene studie van plante. Die Klas (Genus) Salvia (Lamiaceae) het al baie aandag getrek aangesien hierdie plante 'n wye reeks sekondêre metaboliete vervaardig wat flavonoïede, tanniene en terpenoïede insluit. Veral van belang is die terpenoïde wat betrokke is by die doeltreffendheid van die Salvia plante as tradisionele medisyne, aangesien dit bydra tot hulle farmalogiese aksie (wat in Hoofstuk 2 bespreek word). Aangesien hierdie plante sulke belangrike kruie is, word daar in hierdie studie, biotegnologiese tegnieke soos die kweek van weefsel en Agrobacterium-bemiddelde transformasie op Salvia runcinata L.f. toegepas om die metabologiese profiel en die bioaktiwiteit daarvan te verbeter. Soos baie van die salies is S. runcinata tradisioneel dikwels gebruik om allerhande siektetoestande te behandel. Die toepassing van biotegnologie word beskou as 'n belangrike manier om waarde by te voeg sodat hierdie plant kommersieei deur die kosmetiese en farmakeutiese bedrywe gebruik kan word. Daarom is daar op drie dinge gefokus: (1) die ontkiemings gedrag van saad en die optimale toestande vir mikrovoortplanting (2) die ontwikkeling van protokol wat eenvoudig maar doeltreffend is vir genetiese transformasie, en die (3) fito-chemise studies op in vitro genereerde S. runcinata transgeniese harige wortels en in vitro orgaan kwekings deur om hulle te vergelyk met kweekhuis plante as potentiële terapeutiese bronne van natuurlike samestellings vir die behandeling van infeksies in beide plante en mense. Die data wat gegenereer is, is opgesom in drie hoofstukke, en in Hoofstuk 3 word die prosedures wat gebruik word in die in vitro saad ontkieming en die mikro voortplanting van S. runcinata, bespreek. Die doeltreffendheid van rook en skarifikasie behandeling vir die verbetering van ontkieming is eers getoets en gekoppel aan die evaluering van verskillende hormoonkombinasies en verskillende eksplant tipes wat lei tot die formasie van uitloopsels in vitro. Daar is gevind dat die effektiefste behandeling vir ontkieming, 'n 3-minuut blootstelling van saad aan 25% (w/v) H2SO4 gekombineer met 'n konsentrasie 10-5 M rook oplossing is. Dit het gelei tot meer as 80% ontkieming. Daar was baie meer uitloopsels toe nodale eksplante gebruik is met die byvoeging van 4.43 μM BA. Die proktokol wat hier gevestig is, kan op groot skaal gebruik word vir die kommersiële produksie van S. runcinata, want 1296 tot 46656 lewensvatbare plante kan binne 4 ot 6 maande van een nodale eksplant gemaak word. Mikro voortplanting is toegepas as 'n voorkomende maatreel om die druk op die natuur te verminder omdat daar verwag word dat die vraag na S. runcinata sal toeneem na gelang die groeiende ekonomiese waarde daarvan toeneem. Dit is een van twee Suid-Afrikaanse salies met epi-α-bisabolol wat deur die farmakeutiese en die kosmetiese bedrywe gebruik word. Dit beteken dat die protokol wat hier ontwikkel is, geskik is vir die ex situ bewaring van S. runcinata plante. Die transgeen oordrag van twee verskillende agropien tipes (A4T and LBA 9402) van Agrobacterium rhizogenes is geevalueer (en in Hoofstuk 4 beskryf). Harige wortels het 3 tot 4 weke na die inenting van die eksplante gevorm en hierdie agropien tipes het verskillende vermoëns vir genetiese transformasie getoon, met die LBA 9402 tipe wat baie meer wortels op elke eksplant voorgebring het in vergelyking met die A4T tipe (P=0.03116). Geen van die LBA 9402-afgeleide klone en slegs 2 klone wat deur A4T transformasie genereer is, het oorleef. The polimerase ketting reaksie (PCR) en die teenoorgestelde trenskriptasie-polimerase (RT-PCR) ketting reaksie het die teenwoordigheid en transkipsie (onderskeidelik) van rol A, rol B en rol C en ags gene, wat oorgedra word deur die oordrag DNA (T-DNA) fragment van die wortel induserende (Ri) plasmied van A. rhizogenes na die plant genoom tydens transformasie, bevorder. A4T klone, hier A4T3 and A4T5 genoem, is stabiel transformeer. Southern blot ontleding het met die gebruik van rol A, die integrasie van een kopie van die rol A geen, bevestig. In Hoofstuk 5 is transformeerde harige wortels, ongetransformeerde wortels van weefsel gekweekte plante, weefsel gekweekte plante, en kweekhuis plante deur dun-laag chromatografie (TLC) en gas-chromatografie-massa spektrometrie (GC-MS) geprofiel vir sekondêre metaboliete. In hierdie deel van die studie is dit duidelik dat die gebruik van weefsel kwekery as 'n voortplantsisteem nie 'n negatiewe effek gehad het op die vlugtige samestelling profiel van S. runcinata nie en dat plante 'n sootgelyke essentiële olie inhoud het as wat deur Kamatou et al. (2008) bevind is. Dit lei tot die gevolgtrekking dat in vitro plante hulle biochemiese integriteit behou selfs onder alternatiewe mikro-beheerde omgewings. Ri-transformasie is ondersoek as 'n manier om sekondêre metabolisme te verander om interkloon variasie te skep. Getransformeerde klone kon uitgeken word, aangesien dit meer primêre metaboliete soos sukrose, galaktose en fruktose insluit as die blaar ekstrakte. Hierdie verskil was nie met die huidige GC-MS metodes so duidelik sigbaar op die sekondêre metabolitiese vlak nie. Oor die algemeen toon ekstraksie met asetoon en methanol dichlorometaan (MetOH: DCM) (1:1 v/v) goeie tot gemiddelde antibakteriese aktiwiteit met die minimum remmende konsentrasie (MIC) waardes van 0.39 tot 0.78 mg ml-1. Die in vitro plant kulture het egter sterker weerstand gebied teen twee Gram-negatiewe bakteriese tipes: Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775) en Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13883), en teen twee Gram-positiewe bakteriese tipes: Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6051) en Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 12600). Die harige wortel ekstrakte het geen aktiwiteit teen die swamme, Fusarium subglutinans (MRC 0115) en Fusarium proliferatum (MRC 6908) getoon nie. Mikro-voortplanting is dus 'n interessante manier om S. runcinata kommersieel te produseer aangeien die plante verbeterde farmalogiese aktiwiteit toon. Die biotegnologiese benadering wat hier toegepas word, is 'n praktiese strategie vir die produksie van geneesmiddels van S. runcinata.
2
Babury, Mohammad Osman [Verfasser], and Michael [Akademischer Betreuer] Keusgen. "Sustainable Resource Management of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of Afghanistan / Mohammad Osman Babury ; Betreuer: Michael Keusgen." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1195140010/34.
Full text
3
Subhan, Fazal. "Conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants of the alpine and subalpine regions of the Swat Valley, Pakistan." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553151.
Full textAbstract:
The flora of the Swat Valley is composed of 1550 higher plant species of which a remarkable 350 are medicinally important (out of c. 6000 species with 700 of medicinal value for the whole of Pakistan). The diverse geographic, topographic and climatic conditions in the alpine and subalpine regions of Swat are responsible for its biodiversity richness. The present study on the medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) was conducted in the alpine and subalpine regions of the Swat Valley (2007-2009) in order to evaluate their current threats (both anthropogenic and natural), population density, indigenous uses (along with trade importance in the local economy) and impact of climate change. However, the fragility of these highland ecosystems makes this biodiversity vulnerable. The analysis revealed 177 species belonging to 70 families with major families of Rosaceae containing 18 species followed by Lamiaceae 16 species, Asteraceae 15, Ranunculaceae 12 and Polygonaceae with 9 species. The driving forces in the increasing decline of these species were found to be: overgrazing, overexploitation, timber logging, fuelwood collection and agriculture expansion. The root causes behind these driving forces are: the lack of economic development, population pressure, poverty, illiteracy and basic unawareness of sustainability and ecosystem importance. The dominant plant community types in these regions were recorded with their life form (biological spectrum), showing that the flora was of Hemicrypto-therophytic nature with 36.72% (hemicryptophytes) and 14.68% (therophytes). The leaf spectra analysis of these plants revealed that microphyll was dominant (100 species) followed by nanophyll (38 species) and mesophyll (30 species). The palatability analysis revealed that 88% plants were palatable, 34% were highly palatable and 6.6 % were non-palatable. The impact of climate change under current and future scenarios were analysed and indicates that Viola canescens, Fragaria nubicola and Bistorta amplexicaulis would profoundly shift their distribution towards north in comparison to their present distribution while Juniperus communis and Betula utilis have not shown large shifting towards north because of their different climatic needs. Viola canescens would extend whereas Juniperus communis would reduce its distribution. The indigenous knowledge indicates that 93 species belonging to 49 families were of immense importance to the basic health needs of these communities including 19 species used as ethno- veterinary medicines. The market analysis of these plants shows that the most expensive plants are Aconitum heterophyllum, Morchella esculenta and Viola canescens with high demand in the local markets and sporadic exportation to the Middle East, especially to the UAE. The annual tonnage sale of 23 species in the local markets sampled was 196 tonnes per annum with an average amount of 8.52 tonnes. Berberis Iyceum, Saussurea atkinsonii and Viola canescens are the most wanted plants in the area and are the top selling drugs in the local market reaching an annual mean sale of 1 tonne per retailer. Based on the findings of this research, the MAPs of these regions are declining sharply on an enormous scale due to habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation and habitat loss. Government intervention along with the active involvement of local communities is needed in order to ensure sustainable utilisation without risking their local extinction. The study revealed an urgent need to conserve these valuable taxa in situ in the form of national parks, nature reserves and game reserves, and ex situ in the form of botanical gardens, seed banks and other germplasm collections. In addition to the above threat, improper and untimely government policies with poor implementation procedures, compounded by corruption and the illicit influence for resource-use patterns among local and national departments, are further sharply aggravating this decline.
4
Camêlo, Lídia Cristina Alves. "Caracterização de germoplasma e sazonalidade em erva-cidreira-brasileira [Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br.]." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2010. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6612.
Full textAbstract:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoLippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. is a medicinal plant widely distributed and used in Brazil, because of its sedative activity of the essential oil. This study aimed to characterize and evaluate the behavior of accessions of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br., collected in several states of Brazil, and maintained in the Active Germplasm Bank of the Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão county. The first chapter presented a general introduction of the work, the theoretical study about the relationship between genetic resources, seasonality and sustainability in Agroecosystems, origin, botanical aspects and use of L. alba, the essential oil and morphological, agronomic and chemical characterization of germplasm. The second chapter consisted of morphological and agronomic characterization of L. alba germplasm grown in field, using a randomized block design with two replications. The evaluated variables were: length of branch, crown diameter, growth habit, length, width and length/width ratio of leaf, color of stems, veins, leaves, sepals and petals, dry weight of leaves, essential oil content and yield. The results showed morphological differences among accessions for the following variables: length of branch, crown diameter, color of stems, leaves and petals, growth habit, length, width and length/width ratio of leaves. Differences were observed for essential oil content and yield, and the accession LA-60 presented best results for essential oil yield. In the third chapter the chemical composition of the L. alba accessions of the Active Germplasm Bank of the UFS. The chemical composition of essential oils distinguished the accessions into six groups and we observed that Group 3 is formed only by the accession LA-13, which presented predominantly limonene and carvone. In the fourth chapter, the seasonal variation in L. alba genotypes were studied, harvesting in four different seasons. The best results were obtained in the first harvest, which was realized at the end of the rainy season (September/2008). The plants showed higher chemical constituents content at the third harvest (March/2009).
A erva-cidreira-brasileira [Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br.], é uma espécie medicinal amplamente distribuída e utilizada no Brasil, em função da atividade sedativa de seu óleo essencial. Este trabalho visou caracterizar e avaliar o comportamento de acessos de erva-cidreira-brasileira [Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br.], de vários Estados do Brasil, mantidos em Banco Ativo de Germoplasma em São Cristóvão. No primeiro capítulo, apresentou-se a introdução geral do trabalho, o referencial teórico sobre recursos genéticos e sazonalidade na sustentabilidade em Agroecossistemas, a origem, os aspectos botânicos e de uso erva-cidreira-brasileira, o óleo essencial e a caracterização de germoplasma (caracterização morfológica, agronômica e química). O segundo capítulo consistiu da caracterização morfológica e agronômica de acessos de ervacidreira-brasileira cultivados em campo, utilizando-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com duas repetições. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: comprimento de ramo, diâmetro de copa, hábito de crescimento, largura, comprimento e relação comprimento/largura de folha, cor de caule, nervura, folha, sépala e pétala, massa seca de folha, teor e rendimento de óleo essencial. Os resultados mostraram diferenças morfológicas nos acessos para as variáveis: comprimento de ramo, diâmetro de copa, cor de caule, folhas, pétalas, hábito de crescimento, comprimento e largura de folha e relação comprimento/largura de folha. Para as características agronômicas, foram evidenciadas diferenças para teor e rendimento óleo essencial, sendo o acesso LA-60 o que se destacou para a variável rendimento de óleo. No terceiro capítulo estudou-se a composição química dos acessos pertencentes ao Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da UFS. A composição química dos óleos essenciais distinguiu os acessos em seis grupos e observou-se que Grupo 3 é formado apenas pelo acesso LA-13, onde predominam os compostos limoneno e carvona. No quarto capítulo, estudou-se a sazonalidade em genótipos de Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Br., em quatro épocas diferentes. Para as características agronômicas avaliadas, os melhores resultados foram obtidos no primeiro corte, que foi realizado na época do final das chuvas nesta região (setembro/2008). Com relação aos teores dos constituintes químicos, as plantas apresentaram melhores resultados para o terceiro corte (março/2009).
5
Souza, Evanildes Menezes de. "Seleção, comportamento fenotípico e genotípico e desenvolvimento de uma nova cultivar de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) para Sergipe." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2007. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6636.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorBasil is a medicinal, aromatic and spicy species with high commercial value. Actually, the production is based on the cultivation of a mix of chemical types and that cause production of low quality essential oil. The study of genetic parameters, which influence essential oil production and chemical constituents, contribute for development of cultivars with high yield and quality. The aim of the work was the selection and evaluation of the phenotypic and genotypic behavior as well the developing of a basil cultivar (Ocimum basilicum L.) adapted in Brazilian northeast region with higher content and yields of essential oil, which presents a large amount of linalool. In the first step the accessions were evaluated and selection was realized based on individual plants at generations S0 (original population), S1 and S2, which were selfed. It has analyzed essential oil content and linalool content in the essential oil. For both variables it has observed significative increase of production with gains up to 234% for essential oil content and 71% of linalool content, which indicate efficiency of the selection process. Genetic variance and herdability estimatives associated to the high yield values indicate the possibility to develop a new basil cultivar adapted for the São Cristóvão-SE county. In the second step of this work we obtained some genetic parameters associated with the production behavior of six basil populations, cultivated in 2004/05 and 2005/06. The variables dry weight of leaves + inflorescences and essential oil yields presented higher variability because of strong influence of the studied years. This was not observed for linalool content, which maintained its values stable for the two years. All the characters presented high herdabilities by the combined analyses, indicating high genetic control and great possibilities to transmit them to the future generations. The combined analyses showed highest essential oil content and yield for the populations PI 197442-S3-bulk 3, PI 197442-S3-bulk 5 e PI 197442-S3-bulk 8. For the major chemical constituent of the essential oil, linalool, all the populations presented similar behavior. Only the minor chemical constituents were different. This work terminated with the development of the basil cultivar Maria Bonita .
O manjericão é uma espécie medicinal, aromática e condimentar de grande valor comercial. Atualmente, sua produção é baseada no plantio de vários quimiotipos, gerando produtos de baixa produção e qualidade do óleo essencial. O estudo de parâmetros genéticos que influenciam na produção de óleo essencial e seus constituintes químicos contribuem no desenvolvimento de cultivares que mantenha níveis sustentáveis de produção e qualidade. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi a seleção, a avaliação do comportamento fenotípico e genotípico e o desenvolvimento de uma cultivar de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum L.) adaptada à região nordeste, com alto teor e rendimento de óleo essencial rico em linalol. Na primeira etapa os acessos foram avaliados e selecionados seguindo a seleção de plantas individuais nas gerações S0 (população original), S1 e S2 de autofecundação, analisando-se o teor de óleo essencial e o teor de linalol no óleo essencial. Para ambas as variáveis houve aumentos significativos na produção observando ganhos de até 234% para teor de óleo essencial e 71% para teor de linalol, indicando eficiência no processo de seleção. As estimativas da variância genética e herdabilidade, associados aos altos valores de produtividade, indicam a possibilidade de desenvolver uma nova cultivar de manjericão adaptada ao município de São Cristóvão/SE. Na segunda etapa foi estimado alguns parâmetros genéticos associados ao comportamento produtivo de seis populações de manjericão nos anos agrícola de 2004/05 e 2005/06. As variáveis massa seca de folha + inflorescência e rendimento de óleo essencial apresentaram maior variabilidade por forte influência dos anos estudados, o que não foi observado para teor de linalol, que manteve sua produtividade estável ao longo dos anos. Todos os caracteres avaliados apresentaram herdabilidades altas na análise conjunta, indicando forte controle genético e grande possibilidade de serem transmitidas para as gerações futuras. Na análise conjunta as populações PI 197442-S3-bulk 3, PI 197442-S3-bulk 5 e PI 197442-S3-bulk 8 tiveram os maiores teores e rendimentos de óleo essencial. Quanto ao constituinte químico majoritário do óleo essencial, o linalol, todas as populações apresentaram comportamentos semelhantes, diferindo apenas na presença de alguns constituintes químicos minoritários. O trabalho foi finalizado com o desenvolvimento da cultivar Maria Bonita de manjericão.
6
G?es, Val?ria Silva. "Avalia??o toxicol?gica, antinociceptiva, anti-inflamat?ria e sobre o sistema nervoso central de Martianthus Leucocephalus (Mart. Ex Benth.) J.F.B. Pastore." Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, 2015. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/399.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-09-27T22:26:12Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
DISSERTA??O Val?ria Silva G?es.pdf: 1629398 bytes, checksum: 6e130737f6d57007b90ea3ae8de5042b (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-27T22:26:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTA??O Val?ria Silva G?es.pdf: 1629398 bytes, checksum: 6e130737f6d57007b90ea3ae8de5042b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31
The Lamiaceae family has a great importance in the Brazilian semiarid region due to their species of pharmacological properties. Martianthus leucocephalus (Mart. Ex Benth.) JFB Pastore belongs to the Lamiaceae family and has had the antimicrobial activity of essential oil proven. However, this species lacks pharmacological studies that evaluate its biological potential. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the central nervous system, the acute toxicity, as well as investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory of Martianthus leucocephalus extract. The possible mechanism of action of species was also studied. The experiments were performed in the Chemistry Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products and in the Laboratory of Pharmacology at the State University of Feira de Santana. The effect on the central nervous system was evaluated through Behavioral Pharmacological Screening by Rota Rod test. The acute toxicity was determined using the protocol Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD - 420/2001). The antinociceptive activity was investigated in the tests of acetic acid, formalin and hot plate. The mechanism of action was determined using the opioid antagonist naloxone in the hot plate model. The study of anti-inflammatory activity was performed using the paw edema induced by carrageenan tests and capillary permeability induced by acetic acid. The results were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Martianthus leucocephalus showed no acute toxicity or muscle relaxant effects action on the motor system. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory properties were found significantly compared to the control group animals.
A fam?lia Lamiaceae tem uma grande import?ncia na regi?o do semi?rido brasileiro devido ?s suas esp?cies detentoras de propriedades farmacol?gicas. Martianthus leucocephalus (Mart. ex Benth.) J.F.B. Pastore pertence ? fam?lia Lamiaceae e j? teve a atividade antimicrobiana do seu ?leo essencial comprovada. No entanto, a referida esp?cie carece outros de estudos farmacol?gicos que avaliem seu potencial biol?gico. Diante disso, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito sobre o sistema nervoso central, a toxidade aguda, bem como investigar as atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamat?ria de extratos de Martianthus leucocephalus proveniente de cultivo. O poss?vel mecanismo de a??o da esp?cie tamb?m foi estudado. Os experimentos foram realizados no Laborat?rio de Qu?mica de Produtos Naturais e Bioativos e no Laborat?rio de Farmacologia da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. O efeito sobre o sistema nervoso central foi avaliado por meio da Triagem Farmacol?gica Comportamental e pelo teste do Rota Rod. A toxidade aguda foi averiguada utilizando o protocolo Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD ? 420/2001). A atividade antinociceptiva foi investigada nos testes do ?cido ac?tico, formalina e placa quente. O mecanismo de a??o foi apurado utilizando o antagonista opioide naloxona no modelo da placa quente. O estudo da atividade anti-inflamat?ria foi realizado utilizando os testes do edema de pata induzido por carragenina e da permeabilidade capilar induzida por ?cido ac?tico. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados atrav?s da an?lise de vari?ncia (ANOVA). Martianthus leucocephalus n?o mostrou toxidade aguda nem a??o miorrelaxante sobre o sistema motor. As propriedades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamat?ria foram evidenciadas de forma significativa em rela??o aos animais do grupo controle.
7
Amaral, Uir? do. "Variabilidade gen?tica e produ??o de ?leo essencial de clones de Lippia alba (Mill) N.E.Brown oriundos da regi?o metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2015. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1792.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-20T14:50:48Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
2015 - Uir? do Amaral.pdf: 1011379 bytes, checksum: cf85bc1dcca1c891320f8683e0b406b1 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-20T14:50:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Uir? do Amaral.pdf: 1011379 bytes, checksum: cf85bc1dcca1c891320f8683e0b406b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-17
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Biodiversity, one of the fundamental properties of nature, is a source of immense economic potential. Brazil holds a rich biodiversity, and is considered one of the most important mega-diverse countries on the planet. Among the various links that make up this biodiversity Brazilian native flora noteworthy. Despite this, there have been few studies that promote intelligent and rational use of this genetic resource. Domestication and breeding of native plants, including those already known and used by local or regional populations, but without penetration at the national or international market is the great opportunity offered to the countries rich in genetic resources. Medicinal and aromatic plants represent a significant part of this potential market, and the lemongrass-Brazilian species (Lippia alba) is an important example of medicinal and aromatic plant, long used in folk medicine for his duties as soothing, antispasmodic, sedative, and produce various kinds of essential oils can be used by the perfume industry, food and cleaning products, beyond the control of pests and diseases in agriculture. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability, genetic parameters and the agronomic behavior of different accesses of L. alba, coming from the metropolitan region of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The experiment was conducted in November 2011 on Medicinal Plants Sector of Agronomy Institute of Rural Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, and crops were obtained in the spring of 2013 and summer of 2014. This study was divided into three chapters: Polymorphism in clones of L. alba coming from the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro (Chapter I); Genetic variation for morphological characters in clones of A. alba (Chapter II) and seasonality effect in producing chemotypes of L. alba (Chapter III). In Chapter I the accessions were grouped into dendrogram, five groups being formed and the group I met two similar access (UFRRJLA 17 and UFRRJLA 18). In Chapter II it was shown that the characters analyzed showed variability according to the season (spring or summer) confirming the strong influence of the environment on quantitative variables. The total dry matter and yield were higher in access UFRRJLA05 with citral chemotype, which showed the highest average values in the two seasons in which the data were evaluated. As for the essential oil yield and productivity stood out access UFRRJLA03 with limonene-carvone chemotype, both in spring and in summer.
A biodiversidade, uma das propriedades fundamentais da natureza, ? fonte de imenso potencial de uso econ?mico. O Brasil ? detentor de uma rica biodiversidade, e ? considerado um dos pa?ses megadiversos mais importantes do planeta. Dentre os v?rios elos que comp?e esta biodiversidade a flora nativa brasileira merece destaque. Apesar disto, poucos t?m sido os estudos que promovem a utiliza??o inteligente e racional destes recursos gen?ticos. A domestica??o e o melhoramento de plantas nativas, incluindo aquelas j? conhecidas e utilizadas por popula??es locais ou regionais, por?m sem penetra??o no mercado nacional ou internacional, ? a grande oportunidade que se oferece aos pa?ses ricos em recursos gen?ticos. As plantas medicinais e arom?ticas representam uma parte expressiva deste mercado em potencial, sendo que a esp?cie erva-cidreira-brasileira (Lippia alba) ? um exemplo importante de planta medicinal e arom?tica, h? muito tempo utilizada pela medicina popular por suas fun??es como calmante, antiespasm?dica, sedativo, al?m de produzir v?rios tipos de ?leos essenciais podendo ser utilizada pela ind?stria de perfumes, alimentos e produtos de limpeza, al?m do controle de pragas e doen?as na agricultura. Diante do exposto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade gen?tica e par?metros gen?ticos de acessos de L. alba e o comportamento agron?mico de diferentes clones oriundos da regi?o Metropolitana do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O experimento foi instalado em novembro de 2011 no Setor de Plantas Medicinais do Instituto de Agronomia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, e as colheitas foram obtidas na primavera de 2013 e no ver?o de 2014. Este estudo foi dividido em tr?s cap?tulos: Polimorfismo em clones de L. alba oriundos da regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro (Cap?tulo I) e Par?metros gen?ticos e avalia??o agron?mica em clones de L. alba (Mill) N.E.Brown em duas esta??es no ano (Cap?tulo II). No cap?tulo I os acessos foram agrupados em dendrograma, sendo formados cinco grupos e o grupo I reuniu os dois acessos similares (UFRRJLA 17 e UFRRJLA 18). No cap?tulo II foi demonstrado que os caracteres analisadas apresentaram comportamento vari?vel conforme a esta??o do ano (primavera ou ver?o) confirmando a forte influ?ncia do ambiente sobre as vari?veis quantitativas. A mat?ria seca total e a produtividade foram maiores no clone com quimiotipo citral (UFRRJLA05), com os maiores valores m?dios nas duas esta??es do ano em que os dados foram avaliados. J? para o rendimento e produtividade de ?leo essencial destacou-se o acesso com quimiotipo limoneno-carvona (UFRRJLA03), tanto na primavera quanto no ver?o
8
Munir, Anjum [Verfasser]. "Design, development and modeling of a solar distillation system for the processing of medicinal and aromatic plants / Anjum Munir." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1007323116/34.
Full text
9
Santos, Aline Vieira. "Micropropagação e conservação in vitro de acessos de patchouli Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth.]." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2010. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3297.
Full textAbstract:
Patchouli is an aromatic species of Asian origin that has been cultivated in various parts of the world for the extraction of essential oil of its leaves. The essential oil is used by the perfume, cosmetic and food industries. Patchouli is an economically important species need to have its genetic material preserved. In this context, the aim of this study was to develop protocols for micropropagation and in vitro conservation of three accessions of patchouli. For the experiments of micropropagation MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of kinetin and IAA or NAA were tested. For the acclimatization assays different mixtures of coconut coir and vermiculite supplemented with NPK fertilizer and limestone were tested. For callus induction, different doses of 2,4-D were combined with BAP and kinetin. For the in vitro conservation assays different growth temperatures, osmotic regulators and/or inhibitors of growth were tested. The different accessions showed shoot regeneration via direct organogenesis. Accession POG002 can be propagated using 0.5 mg.L-1 kinetin and 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA, accession POG014 using 2.0 mg L-1 kinetin and 0.1 mg.L-1 NAA, and accession POG021 using 1.0 mg.L-1 kinetin and 0.5 mg.L-1 IAA. The acclimatization of accessions POG002, POG014 and POG021 can be performed with the substrate coconut coir + NPK (3-12-6) fertilizer (12 g.L-1) + limestone (1 g.L-1). The larger sizes of calluses were obtained using: 0.022 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.113 mg.L-1 BAP, 0.022 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.225 mg.L-1 BAP and 0.110 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.113 mg.L-1 BAP for accession POG014; 0.022 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.113 mg.L -1 BAP, 0.022 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.225 mg.L-1 BAP for POG021; and 0.022 mg.L-1 2,4-D and 0.225 mg.L-1 BAP for POG002. The conservation of accession POG002 can be realized using 0.5
mg.L-1 abscisic acid for three months at 18°C; accession POG014 can be conservated for three months using 0.5 mg.L-1 of abscisic acid at 18°C; and POG021 can be maintained for six months using sucrose 10 g.L-1 and sorbitol 5 g.L-1 at 25°C.O patchouli é uma espécie aromática de origem asiática que tem sido cultivada em diversas partes do mundo para extração de óleo essencial de suas folhas. Este óleo essencial é empregado nas indústrias de perfumes, cosmética e alimentícia. Por se tratar de uma espécie de importância econômica local e mundial o patchouli necessita ter seu material genético preservado. Neste contexto, o objetivo geral deste trabalho foi desenvolver protocolos de micropropagação e conservação in vitro de três acessos de patchouli. Para os experimentos de micropropagação foi testado meio MS suplementado com diferentes concentrações de cinetina e as auxinas AIA ou ANA. Nos ensaios de aclimatização testou-se diferentes misturas de pó de coco e vermiculita suplementado com adubo NPK formulado e calcário. Para indução de calos, doses distintas de 2,4-D foram combinadas com as citocininas BAP e cinetina. Nos ensaios de conservação in vitro testou-se diferentes temperaturas de cultivo, reguladores osmóticos e/ou inibidores de crescimento. Os diferentes acessos apresentaram regeneração de brotos via organogênese direta. O acesso POG002 pode ser propagado na presença de 0,5 mg.L-1 de cinetina e 0,1 mg.L-1 de ANA; o acesso POG014 com 2,0 mg.L-1 de cinetina e 0,1 mg.L-1 de ANA; e o acesso POG021 com o emprego de 1,0 mg.L-1 de cinetina e 0,5 mg.L-1 de AIA. A aclimatização dos acessos POG002, POG014 e POG021 pode ser realizada com o substrato pó de coco + NPK (3-12-6) (12 g.L-1) + calcário (1 g.L-1). Os maiores tamanhos de calos foram obtidos nos seguintes meios: 0,022 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D e 0,113 mg.L-1 de BAP, 0,022 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D e 0,225 mg.L-1 de BAP, e 0,110 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D e 0,113 mg.L-1 de BAP para o acesso POG014; 0,022 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D e 0,113 mg.L-1 de BAP, 0,022 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D e 0,225 mg.L-1 de BAP para o POG021; e 0,022 mg.L-1 de 2,4-D e 0,225 mg.L-1 de BAP para o POG002. A conservação do acesso POG002 pode ser realizada com 0,5 mg.L-1 ácido abscísico por três meses a 18°C; o acesso POG014 pode ser conservado por três meses empregando 0,5 mg.L-1 de ácido abscísico a 18°C; e o acesso POG021 pode ser mantido por seis meses com uso de sacarose 10 g.L-1 e sorbitol 5 g.L-1 a 25°C.
10
Oliveira, Tereza Cristina de. "Caracterização e comportamento de acessos de alecrim-pimenta (Lippia sidoides Cham.) mantidos em banco ativo de germoplasma em São Cristóvão - SE." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2008. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6608.
Full textAbstract:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorPepper-rosmarin (Lippia sidoides Cham.) is a medicinal and aromatic plant, native Northeast Region of Brazil, which has an essential oil widely used for its properties as bactericide, fungicide, molluscicide, and larvicide. This paper aimed to characterize and evaluate the performance of accessions of pepper-rosmarin (Lippia sidoides Cham.) native to various States of the Northeast Region, kept in Germplasm Bank at São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. The first chapter presents the general introduction, the literature review on genetic resources and sustainability of agroecosystems, origin, ethnobotany, and germplasm characterization (morphological, agronomic and chemical). The second chapter presents and discusses the data on the morphological and agronomic characterization of accessions of pepper-rosmarin cultivated in field with seedlings from stem cuttings, using a randomized complete block design with two replications. The evaluated variables were: plant height, fresh and dry matter from leaves and stem, width and length of leaves, color of leaves and stem, crown shape, and content and yield of essential oil. Results showed morphological differences among accessions for color of stem, crown shape, plant height, width and length of leaves and ratio length/width of leaves. For agronomic variables, there were significant differences for content and yield of essential oil with the best and worst performance for accessions LSID-005 and LSID-105, respectively. Third chapter presents the data on performance evaluation of pepper-rosmarin, during two years of field cultivation, for the variables: plant height, fresh and dry matter of stem and leaves, content and yield of essential oil, and the content of chemical components of the essential oil. The higher averages found for content (7,68 %) and yield (56,46 mL plant- 1) essential oil were produced by the accession LSID-105, in 2005, and by LSID-102, in 2006, respectively. The higher averages for content of thymol (90,82 %) and carvacrol (56,05 %) were obtained from the accessions LSID-003 and LSID-104, respectively, both in 2006. The accession LSID-104, native to Sergipe State, presented carvacrol as major chemical component. All the other accessions presented thymol as major chemical component. All the accessions, in both years, presented phenotypical variability for all the evaluated variables, except for content of terpil-4-ol. Fourth chapter presents the evaluation of influence of dry and rainy seasons on the performance of accessions of pepper-rosmarin, using the variables: plant height, dry matter of leaves, content and yield of essential oil and content of chemical components of the essential oil. For the majority of the studied accessions, the thymol content was higher during the rainy season. LSID-102 accession presented high yield of essential oil (56,46 mL plant- 1) and thymol content between 47,97 % and 64,95 %. LSID-003 accession yielded 10,06 mL plant-1 of essential oil amd thymol content of 90,02 %. LSID-104 accession presented high content of carvacrol (54,68%) and low content of thymol (7,88 %). Fifth chapter presents the evaluation of the influence of leaves dehydration (at 40 °C for 5 days) on the content of essential oil and its chemical components of 11 accessions of pepper-rosmarin harvested during dry and rainy season. Generally, drying of leaves modified the content of most of the chemical constituents. In relation of the major iv chemical constituents, drying modified thymol content, but did not modified the carvacrol content of the essential oil of the pepper-rosmarin accessions.
Alecrim-pimenta (Líppia sidoides Cham.) é uma planta medicinal e aromática, nativa do Nordeste do Brasil, cujo óleo essencial é utilizado em virtude de suas propriedades bactericida, fungicida, moluscida e larvicida. Este trabalho visou caracterizar e avaliar o comportamento de acessos de alecrim-pimenta (Lippia sidoides Cham.), de vários Estados do Nordeste do Brasil, mantidos em Banco Ativo de Germoplasma em São Cristóvão. No primeiro capítulo, apresentou-se a introdução geral do trabalho, o referencial teórico sobre recursos genéticos e sustentabilidade de agroecossistemas, a origem, os aspectos botânicos e de uso de alecrim-pimenta, a conservação de recursos genéticos e a caracterização de germoplasma (caracterização morfológica, agronômica e química). O segundo capítulo consistiu da caracterização morfológica e agronômica de acessos de alecrim-pimenta cultivados em campo, utilizando-se delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso com duas repetições. Foram avaliadas as variáveis: altura de planta, massa fresca e seca de folha e caule, largura e comprimento de folha, cor de folha, formato de copa, teor e rendimento de óleo essencial. Os resultados mostraram diferenças morfológicas nos acessos para as variáveis: cor de caule, formato de copa, altura de planta, comprimento e largura de folha e relação comprimento/largura de folha. Para as características agronômicas, foram evidenciadas diferenças significativas para teor e rendimento óleo essencial, sendo o acesso LSID-005 o mais promissor e o acesso LSID-105 o menos promissor. No terceiro capítulo estudou-se o comportamento de acessos de alecrim-pimenta em dois anos de cultivo, e foram avaliadas as variáveis: altura de planta, massa fresca de caule e folha, teor, rendimento e teores dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial. As maiores médias encontradas para os caracteres teor e rendimento de óleo essencial foram do acesso LSID-105, com 7,68 % no ano de 2005, e do acesso LSID-102, com 56,46 mL planta-1 no ano de 2006, respectivamente. As maiores médias de timol e de carvacrol foram encontradas no acesso LSID-003, com 90,82 % e do acesso LSID-104, com 56,05 % respectivamente, ambos no ano de 2006. O acesso LSID-104, oriundo do Estado de Sergipe, apresentou como constituinte químico majoritário o carvacrol. Os demais acessos têm o timol como constituinte químico majoritário. Todos os acessos, nos dois anos de cultivo, apresentaram variabilidade fenotípica para todas as variáveis analisadas, exceto para teor de terpil 4-ol. No quarto capítulo, avaliou-se a influência das épocas seca e chuvosa no comportamento de acessos de alecrim-pimenta, avaliandose as variáveis: massa fresca e seca de folha, teor e rendimento do óleo essencial e os teores dos constituintes químicos do óleo essencial. Observou-se que, para a maioria dos acessos de alecrim-pimenta estudados, o teor de timol é maior na época chuvosa do que na seca. O acesso LSID-102 apresentou alto rendimento de óleo essencial, porém com teor de timol entre 47,97 % e 64,95 %. O acesso LSID-003 apresentou rendimento de óleo essencial de 10,06 mL planta-1 e teor de timol de 90,02 % e, o acesso LSID-104 apresentou alto teor de carvacrol (média de 54,68 %) e baixo teor de timol (média de 7,88 %). No quinto capítulo, estudou-se a influência da secagem das folhas no óleo essencial de acessos de alecrim-pimenta. Testou-se a influência da secagem das folhas a 40º C por cinco dias em 11 acessos de alecrim-pimenta, colhidas nas estações seca e chuvosa. Avaliaram-se o teor de óleo essencial e os teores dos constituintes químicos no ii óleo essencial. A secagem proporcionou redução de teor de óleo essencial de alecrimpimenta quando colhido na estação seca. Em geral, a secagem alterou os teores da maioria dos constituintes químicos. Em relação aos constituintes químicos majoritários, a secagem alterou o teor de timol, mas não alterou o teor de carvacrol do óleo essencial de acessos de alecrim-pimenta.
Books on the topic "Medicinal and aromatic plant"
1
Bogers, Robert J., Lyle E. Craker, and Dagmar Lange, eds. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5449-1.
Full text
2
Aftab, Tariq, and Khalid Rehman Hakeem, eds. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2.
Full text
3
Bajaj, Y. P. S., ed. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants X. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58833-4.
Full text
4
Bajaj, Y. P. S., ed. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants I. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73026-9.
Full text
5
Novak, Johannes, and Wolf-Dieter Blüthner, eds. Medicinal, Aromatic and Stimulant Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38792-1.
Full text
6
Bajaj, Y. P. S., ed. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants VIII. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08612-4.
Full text
7
Bajaj, Y. P. S., ed. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XI. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08614-8.
Full text
8
Nagata, Toshiyuki, and Yutaka Ebizuka, eds. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants XII. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08616-2.
Full text
9
Bajaj, Y. P. S., ed. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants IX. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08618-6.
Full text
10
Bajaj, Y. P. S., ed. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants III. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84071-5.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Medicinal and aromatic plant"
1
Wani, Naseema Aqbar, Younas Rasheed Tantray, Mohammad Saleem Wani, and Nazir Ahmad Malik. "The Conservation and Utilization of Medicinal Plant Resources." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2_27.
Full text
2
Chowdhury, Swapan Kumar, Debabrata Misra, and Vivekananda Mandal. "Medicinal Plant-Derived Antimicrobials’ Fight Against Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2_17.
Full text
3
Mir, Tawseef Ahmad, Muatasim Jan, Rakesh Kumar Khare, and Musadiq Hussain Bhat. "Medicinal Plant Resources: Threat to Its Biodiversity and Conservation Strategies." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2_28.
Full text
4
Hassan, Musheerul, Sheikh Marifatul Haq, Akhtar Rasool, et al. "Ethnobotanical Properties and Traditional Uses of Medicinal Plant Abutilon theophrasti Medik." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2_11.
Full text
5
Shafi, Amrina, Farhana Hassan, Insha Zahoor, Umer Majeed, and Firdous A. Khanday. "Biodiversity, Management and Sustainable Use of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Resources." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58975-2_3.
Full text
6
Lohwasser, Ulrike, and Stephan Weise. "Genetic Resources of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." In Handbook of Plant Breeding. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38792-1_1.
Full text
7
Kumar, Sonu, and Asheesh Shanker. "Biological Databases for Medicinal Plant Research." In Biotechnological Approaches for Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0535-1_29.
Full text
8
Singh, Anurudh Kumar. "Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." In Wild Relatives of Cultivated Plants in India. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5116-6_13.
Full text
9
Dar, Fayaz Ahmad, Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah, and Bisma Malik. "Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." In Plant Micronutrients. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49856-6_6.
Full text
10
Cracker, Lyle E., and Zoë E. Gardner. "Medicinal Plants and Tomorrow’s Pharmacy." In Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-5449-1_2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Medicinal and aromatic plant"
1
Arraiza, Maria Paz, Florin Ioras, Carlos Calderon-Guerrero, et al. "MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS: SECONDARY SCHOOL TRAINING COURSES." In 10th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2017.2058.
Full text
2
Sarı, Derya, and Banu Karaşah. "Some Medicinal-Aromatic Ornamental Plants Used in Interior and Outdoor Spaces." In 4th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Architecture, Planning and Design. SETSCI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36287/setsci.4.7.042.
Full text
3
Kulak, Muhittin. "Bibliometric analysis of studies in medicinal and aromatic plants for rural development." In 17th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Agriculture, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2018.17.n495.
Full text
4
Saltan Fatma, Z. "Turkish medicinal and aromatic plants for the treatment of skin diseases both human and animals." In GA 2017 – Book of Abstracts. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1608167.
Full text
5
Mladenovic, Jelena, Veronika Markovic, Ljiljana Boskovic-Rakocevic, Milena Đuric, and Nenad Pavlovic. "ISPITIVANJE EKSTRAKATA ORIGANA DOBIJENIH RAZLIČITIM METODAMA." In XXVI savetovanje o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.407m.
Full textAbstract:
Oregano is used in the production of specific aromatic cheeses, meat products and dough dishes, for the production of medicinal preparations, fragrant soaps, colognes and perfumes. Special interest in oregano in recent years is related to the results of a study of its biological activities, which indicate a wide range of antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral and antioxidant properties. The subject of this paper is the examination of extracts of plant species of oregano (Origanum vulgare), with the aim of determining the method that is most popular for extracting this plant species and which gives the best yields of extracts. The content of extracted substances in each extract, the content of vitamin C as well as the content of organic acids were determined.
6
Bielecka, M., S. Zielińska, B. Pencakowski, et al. "Age-related variation in polyphenol content and expression of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes in a medicinal and aromatic perennial Agastache rugosa." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399780.
Full text
7
Stafiniak, M., W. Kozłowska, B. Pencakowski, et al. "Variation of phenolic compounds and expression of phenylpropanoid biosynthetic genes in two medicinal and aromatic species of Salvia subg. Perovskia." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399805.
Full text
8
Munir, Anjum, Oliver Hensel, Klaus Vajen, Wolfgang Scheffler, and Heike Hoedt. "Design, Development and Experimental Results of a Solar Distillation System for the Processing of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." In ISES Solar World Congress 2011. International Solar Energy Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/swc.2011.30.09.
Full text
9
Myagkikh, E. F., and I. N. Korotkikh. "Productivity of some varieties of Origanum vulgare L. in the Foothill zone of the Crimea." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-70.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the research is a comparative study of the Origanum vulgare L. varieties ‘Raduga’, ‘Zima’, ‘Slavnitsa’ bred in the FSBSI All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR) according to morphological and biological characteristics and economically valuable traits under conditions of the Foothill zone of the Crimea. The productivity of the aforementioned varieties amounted to 1.05±0.2–1.90±0.3 kg/m2; mass fraction of essential oil – 0.04±0.06–0.06±0.24 % of fresh weight and 0.10 ±0.55–0.17±0.61% of absolutely dry weight; essential oil collection – 0.4–0.9 g/m2. Germacrene D (18.4–19.5%) and β-caryophyllene (18.8–27.0%) are the main components of the essential oil collected from some varieties of Origanum vulgare L.
10
Zapova, I. O., and N. B. Merkulova. "SPECIES OF THE GENUS CITRUS IN THE ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS BOTANICAL GARDEN COLLECTION OF TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL PLANTS." In 90 лет - от растения до лекарственного препарата: достижения и перспективы. Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт лекарственных и ароматических растений", 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52101/9785870191003_2021_34.
Full textReports on the topic "Medicinal and aromatic plant"
1
Daniella Allevato, Daniella Allevato. Help me sequence wild populations of a medicinal plant (Pilocarpus). Experiment, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/7726.
Full text
2
Campbell, Shannon. An Examination of Commercial Medicinal Plant Harvests, Mount Hood National Forest, Oregon. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2242.
Full text
3
Kozuharova, Ekaterina, Vladimir Kochmarov, Ivanka Semerdjieva, Irena Mincheva, and Marc Gibernau. Potential of Wild Populations Resources of Arum Maculatum L. (Araceae) in Bulgaria – a Prospective Medicinal Plant. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.02.06.
Full text
4
Kozuharova, Ekaterina, Vladimir Kochmarov, Ivanka Semerdjieva, Irena Mincheva, and Marc Gibernau. Potential of Wild Populations Resources of Arum Maculatum L. (Araceae) in Bulgaria – a Prospective Medicinal Plant. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/grabs2018.2.06.
Full text
5
Ivanova, Dimka, Maria Geneva, Marieta Hristozkova, Ira Stancheva, Janet Mincheva, and Zdravka Petkova. A New Type of Biological Activators and Organic Fertilizers Used in the Growing of Medicinal Plant Calendula (Calendula officinalis L.). "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2019.04.18.
Full text
6
Hoylman, Anne M. Fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in plant-soil systems: Plant responses to a chemical stress in the root zone. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10121890.
Full text