Journal articles: 'Medicinal herbal tea'

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Ali, Azizi, and Shaheb-Hmaei Pegah. "Comparison of diabetic patients' attitude and practice on medicinal herbs consumption and classical treatment in type 2 diabetes and related factors." Endocrinology&Metabolism International Journal 8, no. 3 (May 22, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/emij.2020.08.00280.

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Background: Medicinal herbs are used in traditional medicine to control and treat many diseases, including diabetes. The use of medicinal plants by diabetic patients has increased dramatically over the past decade. Methods: From diabetic patients covered by Kermanshah Diabetes Center, 51 patients were selected for each of the three groups (herbal medicine, drug therapy, and combination therapy) of type 2 diabetic patients (151 patients in total). After completing the questionnaire, their attitude and practice were compared. Effective factors were also analyzed using chi-square, t-test and one-way ANOVA. Results: Significant statistical differences were reported between the mean and standard deviation of patients' attitude toward herbal medicines in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the herbal (17.2±0.8), medicinal (9.7±2.7) and combination group (15.4±2.3) (P<0.001). There was no significant relationship between the level of positive attitude to herbal treatment with age, sex, education level, marital status, occupation and family history of diabetes. But this relationship was significant for the duration of disease and duration of treatment (P=0.01). Cinnamon, green tea, ginger, fenugreek, nettle, and turmeric were the most commonly used medicinal herbs. Conclusions: The results of this study show that diabetic patients with the use of herbal medicine had a better attitude towards the use of herbal medicines than patients with combination or drug treatment alone. Patients with shorter duration of treatment and illness had higher attitudes and performance than herbal medicines.

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Kalinovič, I., and V. Rozman. "Infestation of stored medicinal plants and herbal tea by insects and mites." Plant Protection Science 36, No. 1 (January 1, 2000): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/9617-pps.

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Tournas, V. H., and E. J. Katsoudas. "Microbiological Quality of Various Medicinal Herbal Teas and Coffee Substitutes." Microbiology Insights 1 (January 2008): MBI.S943. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/mbi.s943.

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Various herbal teas including German chamomile, Chrysanthemum Vascuflow herb tea, hop, jasmine and orange flowers, sweet marjoram, spearmint and thyme leaves, and papaya-mint tea as well as coffee substitutes (Bambu instant Swiss, Teeccino chocolate-mint, and Teeccino Mediterranean Espresso) were analyzed for fungal contamination and the presence of aerobic mesophilic bacteria (APC). The results of this investigation showed that fungal counts reached levels as high as 5.8 × 105 colony forming units (cfu) per gram. German chamomile harbored the highest fungal contamination. The most common fungi found in herbal teas were Aspergillus niger, Penicillium spp., Eurotium rubrum, E. chevalieri, A. flavus, Fusarium spp., Alternaria alternata, and yeasts. Among the coffee substitutes, only the chocolate-mint coffee was contaminated with low numbers (<1.0 × 103 cfu g-1) of E. rubrum, Ulocladium spp. and Phoma spp., and with yeasts (< 100–6.8 × 103 cfu g-1). Aerobic mesophilic bacteria were recovered from 100% of the herbal tea, chocolate-mint and Mediterranean Espresso, and from 50% of the Bambu instant Swiss coffee samples. The highest APC counts of 1.2 × 107 cfu g-1 were observed in spearmint leaves.

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Olivier, J., and A. E. De Jager. "An ethnobotanical survey of Athrixia phylicoides and its uses." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 24, no. 4 (September 23, 2005): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v24i4.183.

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Although traditional green and black tea is the world’s favourite drink, health or herbal “teas” are becoming increasingly popular. Despite the diversity of indigenous South African plants, only two herbal teas, namely honeybush and rooibos, are presently being produced on a commercial basis. However, a “tea” obtained from the Athrixia phylicoides plant, is extremely popular in the eastern interior of the country and may have commercial potential. Two ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in the Limpopo Province and in KwaZulu-Natal to obtain information on the traditional use of the plant amongst different ethnic groups. It was found that A. phylicoides is used as a herbal “tea”, as a medicine and for the making of brooms. Although A. phylicoides tea is very popular, the plant is most often used for the making of brooms. Medicinally it is used to treat “heart problems”, high blood pressure and diabetes. Only minor ethnically-based differences in medicinal use were revealed by the surveys. Its symbolic value and use during religious ceremonies were previously undocumented. Owing to indiscriminate harvesting techniques practised by pickers from urban areas, the plant is becoming increasingly scarce and may be faced with local extinction.

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Melro, J. C. Lima, S. A. Fonseca, J. M. Silva Júnior, S. P. B. Franco, M. A. Souza, Y. F. C. Pimentel, M. R. P. Bomfim, et al. "Ethnodirigid study of Medicinal plants used by the population assisted by the “Programa de Saúde da Família” (Family Health Program) in Marechal Deodoro - AL, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Biology 80, no. 2 (June 2020): 410–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.214039.

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Abstract This study aimed to assess diagnosis of Unique Health System (SUS) users profile with regard to herbal medicine. This is a cross-sectional study with observational data collection conducted in the city of Marechal Deodoro, through a semi-structured questionnaire with questions related to socioeconomic data, use, and knowledge of medicinal plants and herbal medicines and satisfaction with the use of medicinal herbs (MH) and interactions of phytotherapeutic drugs (PD). Among the topics, 86.89% of users used herbal medicines often, especially lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.). It was also observed that the plants are generally used as a sedative (21.74%) and as tea (87.84%). 82.32% of respondents claim to have acquired the knowledge of herbal medicine through a family member and 85.36% make use of medicinal plants without having received any information on the use of MH and PD. 61% of the plants described that coincided with the form of use and therapeutic properties found in the literature. With regard to satisfaction by treatment with MH and PD, it was found that 56.67% are satisfied. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to this aspect of usage, in order to avoid possible drug interactions or adverse reactions resulting from the incorrect use.

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Hoffmann, Julia, Fabian Gendrisch, Christoph Mathis Schempp, and Ute Wölfle. "New Herbal Biomedicines for the Topical Treatment of Dermatological Disorders." Biomedicines 8, no. 2 (February 8, 2020): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8020027.

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Herbal extracts and isolated plant compounds play an increasing role in the treatment of skin disorders and wounds. Several new herbal drugs, medicinal products and cosmetic products for the treatment of various skin conditions have been developed in recent years. In this nonsystematic review, we focus on herbal drugs that were tested in controlled clinical studies or in scientifically sound preclinical studies. The herbal biomedicines are intended to treat atopic dermatitis (St. John’s wort, licorice, tormentil, bitter substances, evening primrose), psoriasis (araroba tree, lace flower, barberry bark, indigo, turmeric, olibanum, St. John’s wort), actinic keratosis (birch bark, petty spurge), herpes simplex (lemon balm, sage and rhubarb), rosacea (green tea, licorice, tormentil) and acne vulgaris (tea tree oil, green tea, hop), or to improve photo protection (green tea, Dyer’s weed, cocoa tree, carotinoids, licorice), aesthetic dermatology (licorice, pine bark, gotu kola) and wound healing (birch bark, onion).

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Žiarovská, J., A. Rajchl, E. Fernández, J. Prchalová, and L. Milella. "Identification of Smallanthus sonchifolius in herbal tea mixtures by PCR and DART/TOF-MS methods." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 34, No. 6 (December 21, 2016): 495–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/107/2016-cjfs.

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The identification of yacon, a medicinal plant, in tea mixtures by rapid Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and the Direct Analysis in Real Time coupled with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (DART/TOF-MS) method were evaluated. Three tea products and a pure yacon tea were analysed using the molecular method PCR, concretely the intraspecific variation of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA and the DART method coupled with TOF-MS. The results show the reliability of PCR and restriction cleavage of the ITS as a combined approach to confirm the presence of yacon in herbal tea mixtures. Three fragments of approximately 700, 408, and 235 bp in length are present when yacon is a part of the herbal tea mixture. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based on the fingerprints of the complete Total Ion Current (TIC) mass spectra shows sufficient separation of herbal teas with and without yacon leaves. The reported methods are technically rapid and can be used as an effective tool for the purposes of yacon identification or authentication.

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Rajendran, A., R. Sudeshraj, and S. Sureshkumar. "Potential antidiabetic activity of medicinal plants – A short review." Journal of Phytopharmacology 7, no. 5 (October 29, 2018): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2018.7509.

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Diabetes mellitus is a dreadful disease caused by the increase in hepatic glucose production and impaired insulin action. The usage of herbal based medicine has been increasing tremendously in both developing and developed countries over the last three decades. The present study aims to provide a comprehensive review of antidiabetic activity of following medicinal plants like Gymnema sylvestris, Rubia cardifolia, Bilberry, Green Tea, Salacia reticulate, Berberis aristata, Pterocarpus marsupium, Fenugreek, Ashwagandha, Bitter melon. The efficiency of these medicinal plants may regulate the diabetic metabolic abnormalities. This work would help researchers to choose potential herbal for diabetic treatment

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Chio, Pit Hoi, and Charles M. Zaroff. "Traditional Chinese medicinal herbal tea consumption, self-reported somatization, and alexithymia." Asia-Pacific Psychiatry 7, no. 2 (October 30, 2014): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/appy.12161.

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Tungmunnithum, Duangjai, Sullivan Renouard, Samantha Drouet, Jean-Philippe Blondeau, and Christophe Hano. "A Critical Cross-Species Comparison of Pollen from Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. vs. Nymphaea lotus L. for Authentication of Thai Medicinal Herbal Tea." Plants 9, no. 7 (July 21, 2020): 921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070921.

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“Bau Luang” or Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. is an aquatic medicinal herb that has been used as a component of traditional medicines, medicinal products, and herbal tea for good health, particularly in Asia. The stamen of N. nucifera is an important part of this medicinal plant that is used in the form of dried and/or powdered stamens for herbal tea as well as the main ingredient of some traditional remedies. However, there is another aquatic herb called “Bau Sai” or Nymphaea lotus L. that is distributed in similar locations. Living plants of these two aquatic species may be classified according to their morphology, but the dried and powdered stamens of these two medicinal species are difficult to distinguish. The major reason of adulteration is the higher price of Bau Luang stamen. As a result, various methods of authentication, such as pollen micromorphology evaluation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, bioinformatics analysis of two nuclear and plastic DNA markers, phytochemical stamen profiling, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of stamen plant material authentication from Bau Luang and Bau Sai, have been used in this present research in order to avoid some adulteration and/or misuse between the dried stamens of Bau Luang and Bau Sai. These results showed that the micro-morphology of pollen (size of pollen grain, number of apertures, and surface ornamentation) from the SEM analysis, some phytochemical compounds and the FTIR sporopollenin-to-protein ratio signal analysis are potential tools for authentication and identification of these two medicinal plants from their dried-stamen materials. This model of investigation may also be used to distinguish dried plant material from other problematic plant groups.

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OMURTAG, GÜLDEN Z., and DUYGU YAZICIOĞILU. "Determination of Fumonisins B1 and B2 in Herbal Tea and Medicinal Plants in Turkey by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 1782–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.8.1782.

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The purpose of this study was to measure the potential levels of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and fumonisin B2 (FB2) contamination in several herbal teas and medicinal plants that are consumed regularly in Turkey. FB1 and FB2 were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde. A total of 115 commercially available herbal tea and medicinal plant samples were analyzed. The recoveries in black tea were 86.9 ± 8.42% for FB1 and 102 ± 6.80% for FB2 spiked with 1 μg/g of each analyte. Similarly, the mean recovery results in lime (linden) for FB1 and FB2 were 85.2 ± 9.76% and 78.6 ± 5.67%, respectively. The minimum detectable amounts for the o-phthaldialdehyde derivatives of FB1 and FB2 were 0.025 μg/g (1 ng injected) and 0.125 μg/g (5 ng), respectively. FB1 was detected in two samples (0.160 and 1.487 μg/g), and FB2 was detected in none of the samples.

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Mathivha, Lutendo Patricia, Vuyisile Samuel Thibane, and Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau. "Anti-diabetic and anti-proliferative activities of herbal teas, Athrixia phylicoides DC and Monsonia burkeana Planch. ex Harv, indigenous to South Africa." British Food Journal 121, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 964–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-10-2018-0697.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the health and medicinal importance of bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC) and special tea (Monsonia burkeana Planch. ex Harv), two of Southern African indigenous herbal teas. Design/methodology/approach The two herbal teas, A. phylicoides and M. burkeana were extracted individually and in combined ratios for analysis. The phenolic content was determined and the different phenolic compounds were identified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The anti-diabetic activity of the teas was determined by evaluating the inhibition of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase in vitro. The anti-proliferative activity was measured on human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell line using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium) assay. Findings Gallic acid, chlorogenic acid and quercetin were identified to be present in significant quantities by TLC. The HPLC quantified the presence of catechin (1.567 mg/g) and chlorogenic acid (1.862 mg/g) in special tea while chlorogenic acid (1.288 mg/g) was present in bush tea. Bush tea and special tea expressed significant levels of phenolic content and high antioxidant activities. Special tea (S100) expressed high inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and HeLa cell line proliferation when compared to bush tea (B100). Originality/value Both bush tea and special tea could provide an alternative for treatment and management of both diabetes and cervical cancer. However, future studies are needed to investigate their synergistic effect with a wide range of other commercial herbal teas.

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FRIEDMAN, MENDEL, PHILIP R. HENIKA, CAROL E. LEVIN, ROBERT E. MANDRELL, and NOBUYUKI KOZUKUE. "Antimicrobial Activities of Tea Catechins and Theaflavins and Tea Extracts against Bacillus cereus†." Journal of Food Protection 69, no. 2 (February 1, 2006): 354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-69.2.354.

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We evaluated the antimicrobial activities of seven green tea catechins and four black tea theaflavins, generally referred to as flavonoids, as well as the aqueous extracts (infusions) of 36 commercial black, green, oolong, white, and herbal teas against Bacillus cereus (strain RM3190) incubated at 21°C for 3, 15, 30, and 60 min. The results obtained demonstrate that (i) (−)-gallocatechin-3-gallate, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, (−)-catechin-3-gallate, (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate, theaflavin-3, 3′-digallate, theaflavin-3′-gallate, and theaflavin-3-gallate showed antimicrobial activities at nanomolar levels; (ii) most compounds were more active than were medicinal antibiotics, such as tetracycline or vancomycin, at comparable concentrations; (iii) the bactericidal activities of the teas could be accounted for by the levels of catechins and theaflavins as determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography; (iv) freshly prepared tea infusions were more active than day-old teas; and (v) tea catechins without gallate side chains, gallic acid and the alkaloids caffeine and theobromine also present in teas, and herbal (chamomile and peppermint) teas that contain no flavonoids are all inactive. These studies extend our knowledge about the antimicrobial effects of food ingredients.

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Manoj Chandak, Pradnya Nikhade, Rakhi Chandak, Pavan Bajaj, Kajol Relan, Pooja Chandak, Chanchal Rathi, and Madhulika Chandak. "Herbal Sealers in Endodontics – A Systematic Review." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 1278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4289.

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Root canal infections usually occur due to many micro-organisms, among which most frequent are the obligatory anaerobes. One of the predominantly found microbes is Candida albicans that requires special attention. Herbs have and are being used for health ailments and avoiding diseases that include epidemics for decades. A lot of plants are used as Phytomedicines in the dental profession because they have various biological and antimicrobial effects. Various irritants are used such as NaOCl, Chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid etc. to eradicate microbes. However, these irrigants may have several disadvantages. In Endodontics, plants and their extract can be used as irrigant and intracanal medicament to prevent the potential side effects caused by conventional chemical agents. Less toxic herbal products are being used since ancient era, and they are Triphala, Morinda citrofolia, Propolis, Azadirachta indica, Carvacrol, Green tea, Orange oil, tea tree oil, Arctium lappa, Garlic extract etc. Most commonly used are Triphala, Morinda citrofolia, Propolis, Azadirachta indica, Green tea, Garlic extract. Such herbal preparations are derived from the roots, leaves, seeds, stems and flowers of medicinal plants. This systematic review aims to enlighten and focus on various herbal products that can be used in endodontics to eradicate the root canal infection and to create the environment necessary for periapical healing. This is essential for successful Root canal treatment.

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Hovsepyan, Roman, Nina Stepanyan-Gandilyan, and Christian Stollberg. "Phytomedicinal Knowledge and “Official” Sources in Tatev (Armenia)." Ethnobiology Letters 10, no. 1 (June 2, 2019): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14237/ebl.10.1.2019.1266.

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Ethnographic investigations in the villages of the Tatev community in southern Armenia reveal the positive attitude of the local community toward “official” sources (e.g., printed books, administrative officials, and people of higher education) on herbal medicine and the belittling of their own traditional ethnobotanical knowledge. Although this may be a global phenomenon, we observe and discuss particular reasons specific to the post-Soviet context as conditioned by politics and propaganda. Nowadays, the local population gather and use a minimum of forty wild plants (ethnotaxa) mostly for nutritional, medicinal, and aromatic (tea and flavoring) purposes. Biological species of the traditionally used medicinal plants of the Tatev community were identified, and preparation methods and purposes of the herbal remedies were recorded. The most frequently and traditionally used medicinal plants of the Tatev community belong to these genera: Mentha, Thymus, Ziziphora, Hypericum, Knautia, Arctium, Plantago, Tanacetum, Rosa, and Sambucus.

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Bahmani, Mahmoud, Zohreh Eftekhari, Kourosh Saki, Ezatollah Fazeli-Moghadam, Mahyar Jelodari, and Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei. "Obesity Phytotherapy." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 21, no. 3 (August 12, 2015): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587215599105.

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Obesity is an important disorders due to which 25 million deaths occur annually worldwide. Synthetic drugs for weight loss have low efficacy and high side effects. Apart from synthetic drugs in modern medicine, various other methods including the use of herbal medications are used to induce weight loss. Cambodia hoodia, green tea, Citrus aurantium, white beans, fenugreek, caffeine, ephedrine, capsaicin, yohimbine, chitosan, fitostreols, and guar gum have been studied in clinical trials and their effects have been confirmed. It seems necessary to study more to determine the effectiveness and safety of medicinal plants and herbal extracts as well as pharmaceutically active ingredients that may have the property of weight loss. In this article, we aimed to review recent knowledge about medicinal plants that are recommended for weight loss.

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Tam, Teresa W., Rui Liu, Ammar Saleem, John Thor Arnason, Anthony Krantis, and Brian C. Foster. "Cytochrome P450 3A4 and 2D6-Mediated Metabolism of Leisure and Medicinal Teas." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 17, no. 3 (July 16, 2014): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3902h.

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PURPOSE: Thirty-five commercially available Camellia sinensis (black and green) and herbal leisure teas and an assortment of Traditional Chinese medicinal teas were randomly selected and examined for their potential to inhibit the drug metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4). The study was then extended to examine CYP2D6*1 and CYP2D6*10. METHODS: Microtiter fluorometric assays were utilized to examine the potential for the teas to inhibit CYP-mediated metabolism. Aqueous or alcoholic extracts of the dried tea plant material were examined. METHODS: Most of the black and green leisure teas generally inhibited CYP3A4 more than the Chinese medicinal teas. The medicinal Chinese teas were generally more inhibitory towards CYP3A4 compared to the CYP2D6 isozymes, and the aqueous extracts displayed more potency than the alcoholic extracts. CONCLUSIONS: Tea whether used for leisure or medicinal purposes has the potential to inhibit CYP3A4-mediated drug metabolism particularly black tea.This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

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Soomro, Muhammad Tahir, Mahboob Mohammad, and Zeeshan Aqeel. "Acetyl Salicylic Acid (Aspirin) and Antioxidative Agents in Joshanda - a Herbal (Medicinal) Tea." ECS Transactions 33, no. 26 (December 17, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.3557869.

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Guven, Hulya, Sule Kalkan, Nil Hocaoglu, Engin Yildiztepe, and Gamze Gokalp. "Evaluation of the knowledge level and usage attitudes of the medical students on the medicinal herbs and herbal products: a project of special study module in the first three years of the school of medicine." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 3 (February 23, 2019): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20190566.

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Background: In this survey, it was aimed to determine the types of medicinal herbs and herbal products, reasons of use and consciousness levels among the medical students in the first three years of the School of Medicine.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire consisting of 50 questions was applied to all the students in the first three years of Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine between September 1, 2016 and June 1, 2017.Results: The results of 571 participating students were evaluated. Of these students, 301 (52.7%) were females and 270 (47.3%) were males. It was found that 73.4% (n=419) of the students used these products for treatment and mostly consumed linden, sage tea, mint and rosehip. Also, 11.6% of the students had chronic diseases (n=66). It was determined that 69.7% (n=46) of these students having chronic diseases used medicinal herbs and herbal products. Only 12.0% of the students had an opinion about the legal regulations regarding the use of herbs and herbal products in Turkey, while 39.7% of them had no idea, and 48.3% stated that such regulations on this matter were unreasonable. However, 59.7% of the respondents stated that legal regulations were necessary. It was found that the participating students used herbs and herbal products generally for therapeutic purposes without having sufficient knowledge about medicinal herbs; therefore it was necessary to increase their level of consciousness.Conclusions: Medical students neither have adequate medical information about medicinal herbs and herbal products, nor about the regulations on these products. It is crucial to revise the courses in the medical education so that the students would get informed about the regulations as well as potential risks of herbal plants while still in the medical schools.

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Terninko, Inna I., Evgeny V. Vishnyakov, Margarita A. Romanova, and Yulia E. Generalova. "Determination of the marker compounds for standardization medicinal herbal species «Pectorales tea №1» and «Proctofitol»." Pharmacy Formulas 2, no. 2 (July 4, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/phf34611.

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The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation 14th ed. suggests to standardize herbal teas using the procedures presented in the pharmacopoeia monographs but this approach is not always relevant due to complexity of this dosage form composition. The purpose of investigation is to estimate quality of herbal teas utilizing monographs recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation 14th ed. for the individual components of teas and suggest feasible alternative approaches to standardization of multicomponent herbal drugs. The objects of investigation Pectorales species № 1 and Proctofitol. Detection of substances was carried out using chromatographic (TLC and HPLC) and spectrophotometric methods recommended by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation 14th ed. for individual components measured in term of marker biological active substances or substances found in the course of quality analysis. It has been found out that the content of flavonoids measured in terms of giperosid surpasses over the equivalent figure in terms of luteolin in the extractions from Pectorales species № 1. The content of hydroxycinnamic acids in the same tea measured in terms of rosmarinic acid surpasses over the equivalent figure in terms of chlorogenic acid. Analysis of anthracene derivates in the Proctofitol has shown that the adsorption maximum of phenolate solution of anthracene derivates (523 nm) coincides with maximum by which was calculated the mass attenuation coefficient of sennoside B (523 nm) (for chrysophanic acid = 515 nm) and the maximum of adsorption of extraction from the tea with using alcohol solution of magnesium acetate (515 nm) coincides with maximum by which was calculated the mass attenuation coefficient of glucofrangulin A. Preliminary cleaning Proctofitol off anthracene derivates allowed to estimate the content of glycyrrhizic acid more completely. The giperosid was suggested as a marker substance for determination of flavonoids, rosmarinic acid was suggested as a standard for hydroxycinnamic acids in Pectorales species № 1. The sennoside B was suggested as a marker for estimating of content of anthracene derivates in the Proctofitol and the necessity of cleaning this tea off anthracene derivates when defining glycyrrhizic acid was proven.

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Sánchez, Marta, Elena González-Burgos, Pradeep Kumar Divakar, and M. Pilar Gómez-Serranillos. "DNA-Based Authentication and Metabolomics Analysis of Medicinal Plants Samples by DNA Barcoding and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS)." Plants 9, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 1601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9111601.

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There is growing interest for medicinal plants in the world drug market. Particularly, Matricaria recutita L., Valeriana officinalis L., Tilia spp., and Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze are some of the most consumed medicinal plants for treatment of minor health problems. Medicinal plants are seen as natural and safe; however, they can cause interactions and produce adverse reactions. Moreover, there is lack of consensus in medicinal plants regulation worldwide. DNA barcoding and UHPLC-MS technique are increasingly used to correctly identify medicinal plants and guarantee their quality and therapeutic safety. We analyzed 33 samples of valerian, linden, tea, and chamomile acquired in pharmacies, supermarkets, and herbal shops by DNA barcoding and UHPLC-MS. DNA barcoding, using matk as a barcode marker, revealed that CH1 sold as Camellia sinensis was Blepharocalyx tweediei, and sample TS2 sold as linden belong to Malvales. On the other hand, UHPLC-MS analysis revealed the presence of bioactive compounds (apigenin-7-glucoside, acetoxy valerenic acid, valerenic acid, epigallocatechin, and tiliroside). However, none of samples met minimum content of these active principles (except for valerenic acid in VF3) according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Real Spanish Pharmacopeia. In conclusion, this study revealed the need to incorporate DNA barcoding and HPLC-MS techniques in quality controls of medicinal plants.

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Agung, I. Gusti Ayu Ari. "Nutrition and Health Benefit “Tulasi” (Ocimum Sanctum Linn.) in General and Oro-Dental Low Cost Medicine." Journal of Business and Economics 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/07.09.2018/006.

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Ocimum sanctum L. (OS) known as “Selasih Miik” or “Tulasi” in Bali, Indonesia, “Tulsi” in Hindi, and ‘Holy Basil’ in English is an very important for therapeutic potensials. The leaves, stem, flower, root, seeds and even whole plant of Tulasi it used in traditional nutritious food and medicine food. Tulasi is often enjoyed as a simple herbal tea and is frequently blended with other herbs and spices for various low cost nutritious food, medicinal food and culinary purposes.

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Coşge Şenkal, Belgin. "The Role of Secondary Metabolites Obtained from Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in Our Lives." ISPEC Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4, no. 4 (December 4, 2020): 1071–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46291/ispecjasvol4iss4pp1069-1077.

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Medicinal plants, which are used as drugs to prevent diseases, maintain health or cure diseases, take place in areas such as nutrition, cosmetics, body care, incense or religious ceremonies, while aromatic plants are used in different industrial areas to give fragrance and taste are used. Flora of Turkey has a rich plant diversity. Secondary metabolites such as essential oils, alkaloids, glycosides, saponins etc. are the most basic products of the industry directly or indirectly. The vast majority of medicinal and aromatic plants rich in secondary metabolites exhibit strong biological activity (antioxidant, antibacterial, etc.). Therefore, these secondary metabolites are widely used in the pharmaceutical industry. The most common and practical use of secondary metabolites, which are also used as natural insecticides, is in the form of herbal tea. In recent years, the more side effects of synthetic origin substances, especially the resistance of organisms against synthetic drugs used as antimicrobials, have increased the importance of natural herbal resources and medicinal plants carrying these substances. Therefore, there is no doubt that the demand for secondary metabolites, which are natural products, will increase in the future. Flora of Turkey is an important source for natural products which will be developed newly.

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Olennikov, Daniil N., Nina I. Kashchenko, Nadezhda K. Chirikova, Aina G. Vasil’eva, Aydan I. Gadimli, Javanshir I. Isaev, and Cecile Vennos. "Caffeoylquinic Acids and Flavonoids of Fringed Sagewort (Artemisia frigida Willd.): HPLC-DAD-ESI-QQQ-MS Profile, HPLC-DAD Quantification, in Vitro Digestion Stability, and Antioxidant Capacity." Antioxidants 8, no. 8 (August 14, 2019): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8080307.

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Fringed sagewort (Artemisia frigida Willd., Compositae family) is a well-known medicinal plant in Asian medical systems. Fifty-nine hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids have been found in A. frigida herbs of Siberian origin by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array and electrospray triple quadrupole mass detection (HPLC-DAD-ESI-QQQ-MS). Their structures were determined after mass fragmentation analysis as caffeoylquinic acids, flavone O-/C-glycosides, flavones, and flavonol aglycones. Most of the discovered components were described in A. frigida for the first time. It was shown that flavonoids with different types of substitution have chemotaxonomic significance for species of Artemisia subsection Frigidae (section Absinthium). After HPLC-DAD quantification of 16 major phenolics in 21 Siberian populations of A. frigida and subsequent principal component analysis, we found substantial variation in the selected compounds, suggesting the existence of two geographical groups of A. frigida. The antioxidant activity of A. frigida herbal tea was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH•) and hydrophilic/lipophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assays and DPPH•-HPLC profiling, revealing it to be high. The effect of digestive media on the phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of A. frigida herbal tea was assessed under simulated gastrointestinal digestion. We found a minor reduction in caffeoylquinic acid content and ORAC values, but remaining levels were satisfactory for antioxidant protection. These results suggest that A. frigida and its food derivate herbal tea could be recommended as new plant antioxidants rich in phenolics.

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Lavrinenko, Yuliya Valer'yevna, Anna Maratovna Plieva, Gergana Yancheva Khristozova, Marina Vladimirovna Frontas'yeva, Inga Zin'kovskaya, and Kirill Gavriilovich Tkachenko. "ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF HERBAL TEAS STUDIED BY INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANAL-YSIS AND ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 3 (October 22, 2020): 305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020037428.

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The plants that make up herbal tea have a complex chemical composition and can be related to drug collections and have various pharmacological properties that affect human health. In addition to organic acids, vitamins, flavonoids, essential oils, the medicinal properties of plants are affected by macro- and microelements included in their composition. Macronutrients and microelements determine the medicinal properties of plants, are substances necessary for human growth and normal development. The composition of seven herbal teas developed in the scientific center of the North Ossetian State University after K.L. Khetagurov, each of which contains from 3 to 8 plant components was analyzed. Plant material was collected in the summer of 2018 in the mountainous and foothill areas of North Ossetia (Central Caucasus). Using instrumental neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry, the presence and determination of 37 elements was carried out for the first time in herbal teas (Na, Mg, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, In, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Tb, Hf, Ta, W, Au, Th, and U). The results are discussed in terms of using the studied herbal teas as a safe source of trace elements. Herbal teas can be used as functional foods that are not a drug, but replenish the human body with important compounds and elements that have a definite positive effect on the body.

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Vuwani, Maedza K., Mpumelelo Nkomo, Wonder Ngezimana, Nokwanda P. Makunga, and Fhatuwani N. Mudau. "Response of Phytochemicals in Bush Tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) as Influenced by Selected Micronutrients." HortScience 52, no. 7 (July 2017): 965–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci11353-16.

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Bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) is an herbal beverage and medicinal plant indigenous to South Africa. This study evaluated the effects of micronutrients on bush tea quality. Treatments consisted of single applications of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), boron (Bo), iron (Fe), and magnesium (Mg) at three levels (50, 100, and 150 mL/L) and a combination of all micronutrients. A control treatment with no spray was also included. Tea samples were analyzed using head space solid phase microextraction gas chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). A significant change in the metabolite profile of bush tea was noted. Five major compounds were identified (>80% identification probability) namely alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, myrcene, beta-caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide. A linear relationship between percentage leaf tissues and treatment levels of micronutrients in bush tea was also observed. The liquid chromatography linked to mass spectrometry (LC–MS) showed no significant qualitative difference between the control and the micronutrient treatments. There were significant quantitative differences between the control and treatments applied at 50 and 100 mL/L and the combination (B + Zn + Fe + Cu + Mg) applied at 10 and 20 mL/L. The application of micronutrients did have an influence on the metabolite quantities as has been reported with most secondary metabolite fluctuations caused by plant–environment interactions. Altering the micronutrient application may be a possible solution in achieving commercial agricultural production of this medicinal beverage.

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Samoilova, Z. Y., G. V. Smirnova, and O. N. Oktyabrsky. "Modulation of Streptomycin Killing Rate against Mature Escherichia Coli Biofilms in the Presence of Medicinal Plant Extracts." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 4, no. 5 (November 14, 2019): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2019-4.5.8.

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Background. Medicinal plant extracts exhibiting pro- and antioxidant properties may affect antibiotic-induced killing of biofilm-producing bacteria in both synergistic and antagonistic modes. Better understanding of these alternations is required to adjust antibiotic therapy and herbal medicine in order to exclude unwanted losses of antibiotic efficiency.Aim: to study modulation modes of streptomycin killing rate against mature biofilms of Escherichia coli in the presence of different doses of commonly used medicinal plant extracts.Materials and methods. Pharmacodynamic parameter killing rate and mass biofilm formation were determined in the presence of streptomycin and medicinal plant extracts.Results. Synergism was found between 100 mg/ml streptomycin and low doses (0.83 mg of dry herb/ml) of green, black tea, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi, Betula pendula and Laminaria japonica against killing mature biofilms. Alternatively, high doses (6.64 mg of dry herb/ml) of green, black tea and Vaccinium vitis-ideae demonstrated antagonism, decreasing killing rate and enhancing biofilm formation. Presumably, high doses of the extracts were sufficient to enhance biofilm formation blocking penetration of streptomycin through enlarged biofilm matrix and diminishing the killing rate.Conclusions. Widely consumed as soft beverages or for prophylactic purposes green, black tea and V. vitis-ideae could promote strong antagonistic effects with streptomycin. These extracts can stimulate biofilm production, making benefit for commensal microbiota, but have clinical relevance due to a significant reduction in the lethal efficiency of streptomycin in biofilms of pathogenic strains. This highlights the need of careful antibiotic prescription scheme adjustment when choosing appropriate combinations of plant extracts and antibiotics to achieve a synergistic effect.

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Brimson, James Michael, Mani Iyer Prasanth, Dicson Sheeja Malar, Sirikalaya Brimson, and Tewin Tencomnao. "Rhinacanthus nasutus “Tea” Infusions and the Medicinal Benefits of the Constituent Phytochemicals." Nutrients 12, no. 12 (December 9, 2020): 3776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123776.

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Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz (Acanthaceae) (Rn) is an herbaceous shrub native to Thailand and much of South and Southeast Asia. It has several synonyms and local or common names. The root of Rn is used in Thai traditional medicine to treat snake bites, and the roots and/or leaves can be made into a balm and applied to the skin for the treatment of skin infections such as ringworm, or they may be brewed to form an infusion for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Rn leaves are available to the public for purchase in the form of “tea bags” as a natural herbal remedy for a long list of disorders, including diabetes, skin diseases (antifungal, ringworm, eczema, scurf, herpes), gastritis, raised blood pressure, improved blood circulation, early-stage tuberculosis antitumor activity, and as an antipyretic. There have been many studies investigating the roles of Rn or compounds isolated from the herb regarding diseases such as Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes and infection with bacteria, fungi or viruses. There have, however, been no clinical trials to confirm the efficacy of Rn in the treatment of any of these disorders, and the safety of these teas over long periods of consumption has never been tested. This review assesses the recent research into the role of Rn and its constituent compounds in a range of diseases.

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Mohale, Keletso C., Olusola Bodede, Hintsa T. Araya, and Fhatuwani N. Mudau. "Metabolomic Analysis for Compositional Differences of Bush Tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) Subjected to Seasonal Dynamics." Agronomy 10, no. 6 (June 23, 2020): 892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060892.

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Bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) is a South African indigenous herbal tea rich in secondary metabolites with medicinal significance. However, studies on the effects of seasonal changes on bush tea and quantification of its metabolites using untargeted approach have not been explored. Therefore, this study’s objective was to investigate the effects of seasonal variation on the metabolites of bush tea using LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry) and 1H NMR (High-Resolution Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) techniques. Bush tea leaves were plucked once in each season namely, autumn (March to May), winter (June to August), spring (September to November), and summer (December to February). The primary metabolites including non-essential amino acids, organic acids, and vitamins in bush tea were predominantly elevated during summer and spring. The 1H NMR-based metabolomic analysis revealed that bush tea metabolome was strongly affected by seasonal variations, using the partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) which demonstrated four distinct groups of seasons. Similarly, the 1H NMR based metabolic profiling of bush tea subjected to different seasons resulted in putative annotation of six phenolic compounds which included rutin, 4-(hydroxyphenyl) propyl coumarate, caffeic acid, hymenoxin, quercetin, and kaempferol. The phenolics and primary metabolites differed remarkably per season with enhanced accumulation observed in the summer and spring harvested bush tea. The LC-MS and 1H NMR metabolomics analysis suggests that summer and spring can be recommended as preferred plucking seasons for bush tea leaves and twigs.

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Lee, Ho-Jae, Sung-Ho Hur, Min-Soo Hur, and Yang-Bong Lee. "A Medicinal Herbal Tea Increases Success Rate and Reduces Withdraw Symptoms of Smoking Cessation in Men." Preventive Nutrition and Food Science 8, no. 4 (December 1, 2003): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3746/jfn.2003.8.4.372.

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Mun, Sujeong, Siwoo Lee, Kihyun Park, Sang-Jae Lee, Byung-Hee Koh, and Younghwa Baek. "Effect of Traditional East Asian Medicinal herbal tea (HT002) on insomnia: a randomized controlled pilot study." Integrative Medicine Research 8, no. 1 (March 2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2018.11.004.

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Romano, Luigi, and Arno Hazekamp. "An Overview of Galenic Preparation Methods for Medicinal Cannabis." Current Bioactive Compounds 15, no. 2 (March 12, 2019): 174–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407214666180612080412.

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In recent years, the Cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.) has been rediscovered as a source of new medicines around the world. Despite the fact that a number of registered medicines have been developed on the basis of purified cannabis components, there is a rapid increasing acceptance and use of cannabis in its herbal form. Licensed producers of high quality cannabis plants now operate in various countries including The Netherlands, Canada, Israel, and Australia, and in many US states. The legal availability of cannabis flowers allows to prescribe and prepare different cannabis galenic preparations by pharmacists. It is believed that synergy between cannabis components, known as “entourage effect”, may be responsible for the superior effects of using herbal cannabis versus isolated compounds. So far, only a few cannabis components have been properly characterized for their therapeutic potential, making it unclear which of the isolated compounds should be further developed into registered medicines. Until such products become available, simple and accessible galenic preparations from the cannabis plant could play an important role. In cannabis, phytochemical and pharmacological attention has been attributed mainly to four major cannabinoids (Δ9- tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabigerol and cannabichromene) and to terpene components. This means a basic knowledge of these compounds and their bioavailability in different administration forms is useful for producers as well as prescribers of galenic preparations. This work will outline the most important aspects of cannabinoids and terpenes, and their behaviors during preparation and use of various administration forms including vaporizing, cannabis oils and extracts, tea, and skin creams.

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Ben Ghezala, H., N. Chaouali, I. Gana, S. Snouda, A. Nouioui, I. Belwaer, J. Ouali, et al. "Toxic Effects ofRhamnus alaternus: A Rare Case Report." Case Reports in Emergency Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/182951.

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In Tunisia, there are about 478 species of plants commonly used in folk medicine. Medicinal plants and herbal remedies used are responsible for 2% of intoxications listed by Tunisian National Poison Center. Most cases are related to confusion between edible plants and toxic plants lookalikes or to an excessive consumption of therapeutic plants. We report the case of a 58-year-old man admitted to the Emergency Department of the Regional Hospital of Zaghouan (Tunisia), with renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. The patient reported having daily consumption of a homemade tea based onMediterranean Buckthornroots, during the last 6 months to treat type 2 diabetes. The aim of this work was to establish an association between the consumption of the herbal remedy and the occurrence of both renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. No similar cases have been reported in recent literature.

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Marković, Marija, Dejan Pljevljakušić, Biljana Nikolić, and Ljubinko Rakonjac. "Application of dog rose (Rosa canina L.) in ethnomedicine of the Pirot County." Pirotski zbornik, no. 45 (2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pirotzbor2045001m.

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Rosa canina, commonly known as the dog rose, is a deciduous shrub from family Rosaceae. The fruit of dog rose has a long tradition of culinary and medicinal use worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyze the ethnopharmacological application of rose in Pirot County (Southeastern Serbia). The study was conducted in the form of surveys among the population in four municipalities: Pirot, Babušnica, Bela Palanka, and Dimitrovgrad. It was noticed that rose is one of the ten best known medicinal plants in Pirot County. The fruit, named rosehip, is usually used in the folk medicine of the County in the form of herbal tea instead of coffee. Fresh rosehip contains a large amount of vitamin C and is thus usually consumed by the people of the Pirot County to prevent and treat colds, influenza, vitamin C deficiencies, and for disease prevention.

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Atazadegan, Mohammad Amin, Mohammad Bagherniya, Gholamreza Askari, Aida Tasbandi, and Amirhossein Sahebkar. "The Effects of Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Natural Compounds on Homocysteine." Molecules 26, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 3081. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113081.

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Background: Among non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in global communities. By 2030, CVD-related deaths are projected to reach a global rise of 25 million. Obesity, smoking, alcohol, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and hyperhomocysteinemia are several known risk factors for CVDs. Elevated homocysteine is tightly related to CVDs through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation of the vascular endothelium. The strategies for appropriate management of CVDs are constantly evolving; medicinal plants have received remarkable attention in recent researches, since these natural products have promising effects on the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases. The effects of nutraceuticals and herbal products on CVD/dyslipidemia have been previously studied. However, to our knowledge, the association between herbal bioactive compounds and homocysteine has not been reviewed in details. Thus, the main objective of this study is to review the efficacy of bioactive natural compounds on homocysteine levels according to clinical trials and animal studies. Results: Based on animal studies, black and green tea, cinnamon, resveratrol, curcumin, garlic extract, ginger, and soy significantly reduced the homocysteine levels. According to the clinical trials, curcumin and resveratrol showed favorable effects on serum homocysteine. In conclusion, this review highlighted the beneficial effects of medicinal plants as natural, inexpensive, and accessible agents on homocysteine levels based on animal studies. Nevertheless, the results of the clinical trials were not uniform, suggesting that more well-designed trials are warranted.

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Bahrami, Maryam, Ghasem Mosayebi, Ali Ghazavi, and Ali Ganji. "Immunomodulation in Multiple Sclerosis by Phytotherapy." Current Immunology Reviews 16, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573395516999200930122850.

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that can cause cognition, mobility, and sensory impairments. Studies have shown that the immune system through inflammation and autoreactive T cells are involved in the progression of MS. The present article aimed to review the potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory agents that could modulate the immune response in MS. In herbal medicine, various medicinal plants including Olive, Silybum marianum, Grape, Pomegranate peel extract, Nigella sativa, Turmeric, Green tea, Aloysia citrodora, Boswellia papyrifera, Boswellia serrata, Ruta graveolens, and Andrographis paniculata are known with therapeutic benefits in MS patients through immunoregulation and reduction of major symptoms.

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de Leão e Neves Eduardo, Anna Maly, Guilherme Junio Pinheiro, Erica Carine Campos Caldas Rosa, Eleuza Rodrigues Machado, and Alexis Fonseca Welker. "Knowledge and Self-use of Medicinal Plants by Health University Students in Brasília-Brazil." F1000Research 9 (April 7, 2020): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.22059.1.

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Background: This article reports an experiment based on the measurement of the academic about the use of medicinal plants is increasing, this article aims to analyze the behavior of future health professionals regarding the use of medicinal plants, since they will be responsible for the orientation and education of patients and the population. Methods: The present study involved 50 students of the academic health care Anhanguera College of Brasilia (Biological Sciences, Biomedicine, Nursing and Pharmacy), selected randomly. Questions about the use of medicinal plants were made and 96% confirmed having used medicinal plants. We used the Descriptive statistic to compare the answers. Results: Most academics reported self-consumption of medicinal plants, with a positive result after use (*p<0.001). The most used medicinal plants were, in addition to the mixture of herbs, boldo and Mexican tea, for the treatment of stomach pains, headaches, coughs, and colds. Self-usage was mainly due to the recommendation of a family member and most of their knowledge of herbal medicine come from non-evidence based sources. The prevalence of plant use was higher among females(84%) in all undergraduate courses observed when purchased as males (22%). Conclusions: The consumption of medicinal plants among academics is high, but it is within the literature. However, as the study was conducted among health professionals, they were expected to have greater knowledge of the adverse effects and on the plant to be used.

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Tsai, Yung-Ting, Po-Yen Chen, and Kin-Ying To. "Induction of Polyploidy and Metabolic Profiling in the Medicinal Herb Wedelia chinensis." Plants 10, no. 6 (June 17, 2021): 1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061232.

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Wedelia chinensis, which belongs to the Asteraceae family, is a procumbent, perennial herb. It has medicinal anti-inflammatory properties and has been traditionally used as folk medicine in East and South Asia for treating fever, cough and phlegm. In Taiwan, W. chinensis is a common ingredient of herbal tea. Previous studies showed that the plant leaves contain four major bioactive compounds, wedelolactone, demethylwedelolactone, luteolin and apigenin, that have potent antihepatoxic activity, and are thus used as major ingredients in phytopharmaceutical formulations. In this study, we set up optimal conditions for induction of ploidy in W. chinensis. Ploidy can be an effective method of increasing plant biomass and improving medicinal and ornamental characteristics. By using flow cytometry and chicken erythrocyte nuclei as a reference, the DNA content (2C) or genome size of W. chinensis was determined to be 4.80 picograms (pg) in this study for the first time. Subsequently, we developed the successful induction of five triploid and three tetraploid plants by using shoot explants treated with different concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 g/L) of colchicine. No apparent morphological changes were observed between these polyploid plants and the diploid wild-type (WT) plant, except that larger stomata in leaves were found in all polyploid plants as compared to diploid WT. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantify the four index compounds (wedelolactone, demethylwedelolactone, luteolin, apigenin) in these polyploid plants, and fluctuating patterns were detected. This is the first report regarding polyploidy in the herbal plant W. chinensis.

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Zhonderbek, Zh A., S. Zh Kolumbayeva, A. V. Lovinskaya, and N. Voronova. "STUDY OF ANTIGENOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF THE ROSEHIP (ROSA MAJALIS HERRM.) OF THE FAMILY ROSACEAE." REPORTS 2, no. 336 (April 13, 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1483.30.

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Increasing the body's resistance to various environmental pollutants' adverse effects is one of medicine's essential tasks. In this regard, an active search for antimutagens to eliminate or weaken mutagens' effect in the body is currently underway. One of the promising sources of antimutagenic compounds is the medicinal plant Rosa majalis Herrm (rosehips). The genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity of rosehips was studied on cells of bone marrow, spleen, liver, and kidneys of laboratory mice using an alkaline variant Comet assay. It was found that rosehip infusions in various concentrations (infusion, diluted infusion and herbal tea) do not have a genotoxic effect on the cells of the studied organs of laboratory animals. The medicinal rosehip's combined action with classical mutagen MMS significantly reduced (p<0.01) MMS-induced mutagenesis level. The various rosehip infusions used did not show statistically significant differences among themselves. The results obtained indicate the antigenotoxic activity of R. majalis infusions.

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Vlăduţ, Valentin, Aurel Danciu, Ion Grigore, N. Herişanu, Ilie Dumitru, Cristian Sorică, Iulian Voicea, et al. "The Influence of the Working Regime of Oscillations Produced by an Electrovibrator on the Sorting of Materials." Applied Mechanics and Materials 801 (October 2015): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.801.197.

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In order to be used as food supplements, materials (medicinal and aromatic plants, other materials containing active principles, etc.) need to be chopped and sorted by size, depending on the field of use: herbal tea, suspensions, tinctures, etc. The paper presents the results of research on the sorting process of some materials containing active principles (yarrow, alfalfa and willow bark) using a sorting machine provided with 2 electro vibrators fitted on each side of the framework within which 3 sieves with a mesh size of: 2.15, 4 and 8 mm are fitted, changing the oscillation regime of the sieves by adjusting the angle of the electro vibrators, in order to identify the optimal sorting regime.

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Carmona, M. D., R. Llorach, C. Obon, and D. Rivera. "“Zahraa”, a Unani multicomponent herbal tea widely consumed in Syria: Components of drug mixtures and alleged medicinal properties." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 102, no. 3 (December 2005): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.06.030.

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Mincheva, Irena, Michaela Jordanova, Niko Benbassat, Ina Aneva, and Ekaterina Kozuharova. "Ethnobotany and exploitation of medicinal plants in the Rhodope Mountains – is there a hazard for Clinopodium dalmaticum?" Pharmacia 66, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.66.e35139.

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The present work summarises preliminary results of an ethnobotanical study in the Rhodope Mountains. The aim was to assess the traditional home use of medicinal plants for herbal tea by local people and to estimate the threats to the Balkan endemic Clinopodiumdalmaticum. Semi-structured interviews with local informants from 15 localities in Central and Eastern Rhodope Mountains were performed in 2015 and 2018. As a result, the most used plant species were listed. The major source of plants was recorded as being gathered from the wild. The plants, known with the local names “wild mint” and “white mint”, were identified as Clinopodiumdalmaticum from dried specimens presented by informants in Central Rhodopes. A frequent collection from wild populations of C.dalmaticum in Central Rhodope Mts. (Smoljan region) was revealed along with just a few cases of cultivation close to the studied sites.

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Mägi, E., T. Järvis, and I. Miller. "Effects of Different Plant Products against Pig Mange Mites." Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, no. 2 (2006): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675020283.

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The objective of this study was to determine the antiparasitic efficiency of herbal-based products. Four medicinal plant species extracts in 10% ethanol solutions (hogweed Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden, mugwort Artemisia vulgaris L., tansy Tanacetum vulgare L., wormwood Artemisia absinthium L.), and seven essential medicinal ethereal oils used in 1% emulsions (garlic Allium sativum L., black pepper Piper nigrum L., juniper Juniperus communis L., citronella grass Cymbopogon nardus Rendle, pennyroyal Mentha pulegium L., eucalyptus Eucalyptus globulus Labill., tea tree Melaleuca alternifolia Gheel) were tested a on pig farm in Estonia to control swine sarcoptic mange mites (Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis (L. 1758) Latreille, 1802). Trial groups (6 pigs each) were treated over the whole body twice, with one week interval in between; one group was left as untreated control. All the preparations used inhibited the development of and were more or less lethal to mange mites. Tea tree and citronella volatile oil preparations proved to be the most effective (viability of mites < 5% in 4 weeks). The most active extract of tested ethanol solutions was obtained from hogweed seeds: after two treatments of pigs, 57-93% of parasites died in 2-4 weeks. The extracts of local plants tansy and wormwood diminished the number of mites up to 44% within the first week after treatments. The results indicate that plant extracts may be further tested in practice as alternatives to drugs of synthetic origin.

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Tshivhandekano, Itani, Fhatuwani Nixwell Mudau, and Thilivhali Emmanuel Tshikalange. "Effect of Timing and Rates of Nitrogen Application on Yield, Chemical Compositions, Pharmacologic Activities, and Cytotoxicity of Herbal Bush Tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.)." HortScience 53, no. 9 (September 2018): 1332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13036-18.

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Bush tea is a popular South African herbal and medicinal tea with the potential for commercialization. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of different rates of applied nitrogen (N) and timing (early and late) of N application on yield, chemical composition, pharmacologic activity, and cytotoxicity of bush tea. Factorial treatments consisted of timed N application rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg·ha–1) for both early and late N application. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. The results show a significant positive response of bush tea fresh and dry leaf and twig weight, chlorophyll, leaf tissue N, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids in response to applied N rates, regardless of the timing of N application, reaching a maximum at 225 kg·ha–1 of N. Later, regardless of the timing of N application, total tannins and total antioxidant activity increased with increasing applied N from 0 to 225 kg·ha–1, reaching a maximum of 150 kg·ha–1 N. The results of this study suggest that, with the exception of antimicrobial activity, most of the parameters recorded increased with increasing rates of N applied. The results further denote that parameters recorded were consistently greater on early applied N compared with late applied N. However, there was no significant difference between the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum microbicide concentration (MMC) of early and late applied N. Bush tea applied with 75 N and 150 N had a significant MIC value (3.1 mg·mL–1) for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia compared with 6.3 mg·mL–1 reached at 225 kg·ha–1 N. Among N rates applied, the MIC for Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhi, Serratia marcescence, and Staphylococcus aureus were not significantly different. Hence, N rates applied did not have a significant effect on bush tea MMC values of all microbial species tested. The cytotoxicity of bush tea leaf and twigs harvested from early and late N application were significantly reduced with increasing nitrogen levels reaching a maximum at 225 kg·ha─1. There was a wide variation of compounds despite rates of N applied as well as timing of application, with most compounds such as norfenfluramine, phytol, caryophyllene, propylene glycol, α-copaene, and squalene detected in greater quantities.

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Özcan, M. M., and M. Akbulut. "Estimation of minerals, nitrate and nitrite contents of medicinal and aromatic plants used as spices, condiments and herbal tea." Food Chemistry 106, no. 2 (January 2008): 852–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.06.045.

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Naithani, V., and P. Kakkar. "Effect of Ecological Variation on Heavy Metal Content of Some Medicinal Plants Used as Herbal Tea Ingredients in India." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 76, no. 2 (February 2006): 285–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-006-0919-9.

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Isrianto, Pramita Laksitarahmi, Sonny Kristianto, and Sukian Wilujeng. "Microscopic Characterization of Keji Beling Extract (Strobilanthes crispus L.) As Herbal Medicine Studies." Jurnal Biota 7, no. 2 (August 23, 2021): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/biota.v7i2.8382.

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Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus L.) is one of medicinal plants in Acanthaceae family. The leaves are the part that is often used as the herbal products such as; herbs, tea and the others. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the functional groups of organic compounds, mineral content and antioxidant activity in the leaf extract of Strobilanthes crispus L. using pottery. Test analysis in research using FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRF. The result of showed the presence of CH alkenes, CH aromatic, C-O alcohol/ether/carboxylic acid/ester, C-N amine, NO2 Nitro compounds, O-H hydrogen bond alcohol /phenol and N-H amines/amides The mineral composition contained macro elements of Ca, K, P and S. While the identified micro minerals are Si, Fe, Mo, Sr, Mn, Ba, Cu, Zn, and Ni. The microscopic morphology of Strobilanthes crispus L. leaf extract is in the form of porous solid particels, thus it is to have high water solubility. The results of the antioxidant test using the DPPH method obtained an IC50 value of 19.20 ppm which is included in the group of very active antioxidants

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Khathutshelo, Maedza V., Nkomo Mpumelelo, Ngezimana Wonder, and Mudau N. Fhatuwani. "Effects of Foliar Spray Application of Selected Micronutrients on the Quality of Bush Tea." HortScience 51, no. 7 (July 2016): 873–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.51.7.873.

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Bush tea (Athrixia phylicoides DC.) is a herbal beverage and medicinal plant indigenous to South Africa. The aim of the study was to provide the baseline for foliar spray application of micronutrients to enhance the quality of bush tea. A trial was conducted to determine the effect of micronutrients on the quality of bush tea. Four separate trials for boron (B), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) were laid out in a completely randomized block design. Treatments consisted of an unsprayed control and single foliar sprays of B, Fe, Zn, and Cu, with 10 replicates. The levels of each element were unsprayed control, 50 mL·L−1, 100 mL·L−1, and 150 mL·L−1. Parameters recorded were leaf tissue B, Fe, Zn, and Cu, and total polyphenol, total antioxidant, total flavonoids, and total tannin contents. Results from this study demonstrated that foliar application of B did not induce significant response in terms of total polyphenol content after B application. There was a quadratic response for total flavonoids (167 mg·g−1), with most of the total flavonoids reaching maximum at 100 mL·L−1. Foliar application of Fe exhibited a quadratic response, with most of the total polyphenols (45.1 mg·g−1) reaching maximum at 100 mL·L−1. All treatments showed a linear response for total antioxidant, total flavonoids, and total tannin contents. Treatments elicited a quadratic response for total polyphenols (70.6 mg·g−1), total antioxidants (78.3 mg·g−1), total flavonoids (148.9 mg·g−1), and total tannin contents (78.3 mg·g−1) after foliar Zn application, reaching maximum at 100 mL·L−1. Foliar application of essential elements in bush tea led to a significant increase in the Zn, Fe, Cu, and B content; application at 100 mL·L−1 is recommended for improved chemical composition of bush tea. A further trial with treatment combinations is required to determine chemical responses of bush tea.

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Hoosen, Mujeeb, and Edmund John Pool. "An In Vitro Study to elucidate the Effects of Artemisia afra, Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) and SeptilinTM on Immune Pathways." International Journal of Human and Health Sciences (IJHHS) 3, no. 3 (May 25, 2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.31344/ijhhs.v3i3.91.

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Objective: Herbal immunomodulatory preparations are increasing in popularity. In vitro, in vivo and clinical trial studies are needed to ensure safety, quality and efficacy of these herbal medicines. SeptilinTM, a proprietary herbal medicinal product has been reported to have immunomodulatory effects. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) is a commercialised South African (SA) tea recognised for its phytopharmaceutical potential. Artemisia afra is a well known SA herbal medicine used for various inflammatory conditions. This study assessed the effects of Artemisia afra, Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) and SeptilinTM on inflammatory biomarkers using RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line.Materials and Methods: RAW 264.7 cells and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activated RAW 264.7 cells were treated with various concentrations of the above mentioned samples after which the culture supernatants were assayed for specific inflammatory biomarkers namely, IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO).Results: Artemisia afra, Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) and SeptilinTM were shown to be non-cytotoxic on unstimulated RAW 264.7 cells across all concentrations tested (31-1000μg/ml). Addition of Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) to unstimulated RAW 264.7 cells significantly up regulated (P<0.001) NO and IL-6 production at concentrations of 500μg/ml and 1000μg/ml when compared to the control, whilst SeptilinTM and Artemisia afra had no effect. Artemisia afra and Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) were shown to be noncytotoxic on stimulated RAW 264.7 cells across all concentrations tested (31-1000μg/ml). However, SeptilinTM significantly (P<0.001) decreased metabolic activity at the highest concentration tested (1000μg/ml). Addition of Artemisia afra to stimulated RAW 264.7 cells significantly down regulated (P<0.001) NO and IL-6 production when compared to the control. Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) and SeptilinTM samples had no effect on the synthesis of NO and IL-6 in stimulated RAW 264.7 cells when compared to the controls.Conclusion: Artemisia afra has anti-inflammatory effects while Aspalathus linearis (rooibos) up regulated the immune system. This study also shows that SeptilinTM had no effects on RAW 264.7 cells.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 03 No. 03 July’19. Page: 134-145

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Grazina, Liliana, Joana S. Amaral, Joana Costa, and Isabel Mafra. "Authentication of Ginkgo biloba Herbal Products by a Novel Quantitative Real-Time PCR Approach." Foods 9, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): 1233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9091233.

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Ginkgo biloba is a widely used medicinal plant. Due to its potential therapeutic effects, it is an ingredient in several herbal products, such as plant infusions and plant food supplements (PFS). Currently, ginkgo is one of the most popular botanicals used in PFS. Due to their popularity and high cost, ginkgo-containing products are prone to be fraudulently substituted by other plant species. Therefore, this work aimed at developing a method for G. biloba detection and quantification. A new internal transcribe spacer (ITS) marker was identified, allowing the development of a ginkgo-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting the ITS region, with high specificity and sensitivity, down to 0.02 pg of DNA. Additionally, a normalized real-time PCR approach using the delta cycle quantification (ΔCq) method was proposed for the effective quantification of ginkgo in plant mixtures. The method exhibited high performance parameters, namely PCR efficiency, coefficient of correlation and covered dynamic range (50–0.01%), achieving limits of detection and quantification of 0.01% (w/w) of ginkgo in tea plant (Camellia sinensis). The quantitative approach was successfully validated with blind mixtures and further applied to commercial ginkgo-containing herbal infusions. The estimated ginkgo contents of plant mixture samples suggest adulterations due to reduction or almost elimination of ginkgo. In this work, useful and robust tools were proposed to detect/quantify ginkgo in herbal products, which suggests the need for a more effective and stricter control of such products.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Medicinal herbal tea'

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