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Tétényi, P. "BOTANY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 208 (August 1987): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1987.208.1.
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Li, Yanjiao, Zhilu Zhang, Guang Qi, and Huashan Gao. "Probe into the Application of PBL Teaching Method and Practice Reform in the Teaching of Medicinal Botany." Lifelong Education 9, no. 7 (December 8, 2020): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.18282/le.v9i7.1501.
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Medicinal botany is a discipline that studies traditional or folk knowledge about the use of plants to prevent and treat diseases, and it is an important part of Chinese medicine learning. Traditional teaching methods do not perform well in the teaching of medicinal plants. Therefore, in order to improve the teaching effect of medicinal botany, teachers need to continuously research and innovate teaching methods to improve the quality of teaching. This article is guided by the PBL teaching method, and studies the application of the PBL teaching method in the teaching of medicinal plants in detail, hoping to improve the learning effect of students and improve the teaching quality of medicinal botany.
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Dzhurenko, N. I., O. P. Palamarchuk, I. V. Koval, and S. O. Chetvernya. "Assessment of genetic resources of medicinal plants collection of M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden of the NAS of Ukraine." Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv 24 (August 30, 2019): 254–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.7124/feeo.v24.1111.
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Aim. The purpose of the work was to analyze the collection fund of medicinal plants of the Medical Botany laboratory at M.M. Gryshko National Botanic Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Methods. We used the methods of information analysis and synthesis and computer methods of information database processing. Results. The stages of collection formation, created by attracting seed and planting material from the natural flora of Ukraine and by exchange with the botanical gardens of Ukraine and the world are shown. Selection of the source material was carried out taking into account the introduction methods of genus complexes and climatic analogues. The carried out analysis of the taxonomic composition was represented by species belonging to 62 families. The collection has 388 species, including 385 flowering plants, 2 gymnosperms, 1 fern. Among them there are: 280 perennials, 52 biennials, 53 annuals. The introduced plants make up the significant percentage of the collections. Considerable attention is paid to the preservation of the collection fund valuable varieties. The rare and endangered medicinal plant species cultivated and conserving in the collection. Conclusions. The collection of the Medical Botany laboratory is a valuable gene pool of medicinal plants, including rare and endangered listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine; material is not only for scientific research, but it is also is a base of scientific and educational activities for students, post-graduate students and schoolchildren.
Keywords: genetic resources, collection fund, medicinal plants, introduced plants, rare plants.
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Habermehl, G. G. "South American Medicinal Plants—Botany, Remedial Properties and General Use." Toxicon 42, no. 4 (September 2003): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(03)00178-8.
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Heinrich, Michael. "South American medicinal plants—botany, remedial properties and general use." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 83, no. 3 (December 2002): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-8741(02)00220-9.
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Manandhar, N. P. "Medico Botany of Gorkha District, Nepal -An Elucidation of Medicinal Plants." International Journal of Crude Drug Research 28, no. 1 (January 1990): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209009082768.
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Silva, Danielle Souza, and Dulcian Medeiros de Azevedo. "Use of medicinal plants in health care in Brazil: an integrative literature review." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 5, no. 8 (September 24, 2011): 2046. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1262-12560-1-le.0508201131.
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ABSTRACT Objective: outlining a profile of medicinal plant consumption in Brazil. Method: An Integrative Review of Literature held in the Scientific Electronic Library On-line database, from 2005 to 2010, with the use of the descriptor "medicinal plants", having, then, 12 articles been selected. The search was conducted in February 2011. Results: there was a predominance of botany journals, surely justified by the specificity of the magazines and the concern of researchers acting in this field. It was found that the populations studied have, at least once, consumed medicinal plants in health care. Based on “Fator Consensual de Uso de Plantas entre Estudos” (FCUPE) [Researches' Consensual Factor for Plant Usage] ≥ 50%, 15 medicinal plants commonly used in 12 states of Brazil have been found, 12 of them having their therapeutic properties described in the literature referred. Conclusion: these are factors of concern and deserve attention in the academic and scientific fields: the low involvement of health professionals with this therapy; the attribution of innocuous character to natural products by the population; the lack of knowledge of the herbalists; the poor commercializing conditions; and the properties of plants that pose harm to consumers. We stress the importance of health education in the context of population's health care as well as of continuing health education activities for professionals in the area. Descriptors: plants, medicinal; community health nursing; surveillance; health education.RESUMOObjetivo: traçar um perfil de consumo das plantas medicinais no Brasil. Método: Revisão Integrativa da Literatura realizada na base de dados Scientific Electronic Library Online, período 2005-2010, com o emprego do descritor “plantas medicinais”, sendo selecionados 12 artigos. A busca foi realizada em fevereiro de 2011. Resultados: houve predominância de periódicos da área botânica, certamente justificado pela especificidade das revistas e preocupação dos pesquisadores da área. Constatou-se que as populações estudadas já consumiram, alguma vez na vida, plantas medicinais no cuidado à saúde. Com base no Fator Consensual de Uso de Plantas entre Estudos (FCUPE) [Factor consensuales uso de Investigación de Plantas] ≥ 50%, foram encontradas 15 plantas medicinais comumente empregadas em 12 estados do Brasil, 12 com suas propriedades terapêuticas descritas na literatura consultada. Conclusão: são fatores que preocupam e merecem atenção no âmbito acadêmico/científico: o pouco envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde com esta terapêutica; a atribuição de inocuidade aos produtos naturais pela população; o déficit de conhecimento dos herbolários; as precárias condições de comercialização; e as propriedades das plantas que oferecem perigo ao consumidor. Ressalta-se a importância da educação em saúde no contexto do cuidado à saúde da população e das atividades de educação permanente em saúde para os trabalhadores da área. Descritores: plantas medicinais; enfermagem em saúde comunitária; vigilância; educação em saúde.RESUMENObjetivo: delinear un perfil de consumo de plantas medicinales en Brasil. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura realizada en la base de datos Scientific Electronic Library Online, período 2005-2010, con el uso del descriptor “plantas medicinales", y seleccionados 12 artículos. La búsqueda se realizó en febrero de 2011. Resultados: hubo un predominio de las revistas de botánica, ciertamente justificada por la especificidad de las revistas y por la preocupación de los investigadores del área. Se constató que las poblaciones estudiadas ya habían consumido, en algún momento de sus vidas, las plantas medicinales en el cuidado de la salud. Basado en el Factor Consensual de Uso de Plantas entre Estudios (Fator Consensual de Uso de Plantas entre Estudos - FCUPE) ≥ 50%, se encontraron 15 plantas medicinales comúnmente utilizadas en 12 estados de Brasil, 12 con sus propiedades terapéuticas descritas en la literatura consultada. Conclusión: los factores de preocupación y que merecen la atención en los ámbitos académico/científico son: la baja participación de profesionales de la salud con este tratamiento; la atribución de inocuidad a los productos naturales por la población; la carencia de conocimiento de los herbolarios; las condiciones de comercialización deficientes; y las propiedades de las plantas que representan un peligro para los consumidores. Destacamos la importancia de la educación para la salud en el contexto del cuidado de la salud de la población y de las actividades de educación permanente en salud para los trabajadores del área. Descriptores: plantas medicinales; enfermería en salud comunitária; vigilancia; educación en salud.
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Zemanek, Alicja, and Piotr Köhler. "Botany at Stefan Batory University in Vilna (Wilno, Vilnius) (1919–1939)." Studia Historiae Scientiarum 18 (November 15, 2019): 93–137. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/2543702xshs.19.005.11011.
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The university in Vilna (in Polish: Wilno, now: Vilnius, Lithuania), founded in 1579, by Stefan Batory (Stephen Báthory), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, was a centre of Polish botany in 1780–1832 and 1919–1939. In the latter period the university functioned under the Polish name Uniwersytet Stefana Batorego (in English: Stefan Batory University). It comprised six departments connected with botany (General Botany, Pharmacognosy and Cultivation of Medicinal Plants, Plant Taxonomy, Botanical Garden, Garden of Medicinal Plants, and Natural History Museum). There worked such distinguished scientists, as: Jakub Mowszowicz (1901–1983), phytogeographer and phytosociologist; Jan Muszyński (1884–1957), botanist and pharmacist; Bronisław Szakien (1890–1938), cytologist and mycologist; Piotr Wiśniewski (1881––1971), physiologist; and Józef Trzebiński (1867–1941), mycologist and phytopathologist. Ca. 300 publications (including ca. 100 scientific ones) were printed in the period investigated, dealing mainly with morphology and anatomy, cytology, plant physiology, floristics (floristic geography of plants), systematics (taxonomy) of vascular plants, mycology and phytopathology, ecology of plant communities (phytosociology), as well as ethnobotany, and history of botany. Stefan Batory University was also an important centre of teaching and popularization of botany in that region of Europe. The aim of the article is to describe the history of botany at the Stefan Batory University in 1919–1939. Botanika na Uniwersytecie Stefana Batorego w Wilnie (Vilna, Vilnius) (1919–1939) Abstrakt Uniwersytet w Wilnie (w języku angielskim: Vilna, obecnie: Vilnius w Republice Litewskiej), założony w 1579 r. przez Stefana Batorego, króla Polski i wielkiego księcia Litwy, był ośrodkiem polskiej botaniki w latach 1780–1832 oraz 1919–1939. W tym ostatnim okresie funkcjonował pod nazwą Uniwersytet Stefana Batorego (w języku angielskim: Stefan Batory University). W latach 1919–1939 zorganizowano następujące zakłady związane z botaniką: Botaniki Ogólnej, Farmakognozji i Hodowli Roślin Lekarskich, Systematyki Roślin, Ogród Botaniczny, Ogród Roślin Lekarskich oraz Muzeum Przyrodnicze. W ośrodku wileńskim pracowali wybitni uczeni, m.in. Jakub Mowszowicz (1901–1983), fitogeograf i fitosocjolog; Jan Muszyński (1884–1957), botanik i farmaceuta; Bronisław Szakien (1890–1938), cytolog i mykolog; Piotr Wiśniewski (1881–1971), fizjolog oraz Józef Trzebiński (1867–1941), mykolog i fitopatolog. Badacze roślin ogłosili drukiem ok. 300 publikacji (w tym ok. 100 naukowych) dotyczących głównie morfologii i anatomii, cytologii, fizjologii roślin, florystyki (florystycznej geografii roślin), systematyki (taksonomii) roślin naczyniowych, mykologii i fitopatologii, ekologii zbiorowisk roślinnych (fitosocjologii), a także etnobotaniki i historii botaniki. Uniwersytet Stefana Batorego był również ważnym ośrodkiem nauczania i popularyzacji botaniki w tym regionie Europy. Celem artykułu jest opracowanie historii botaniki na Uniwersytecie Stefana Batorego w latach 1919–1939.
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Salehi, Bahare, Sevil Albayrak, Hubert Antolak, Dorota Kręgiel, Ewelina Pawlikowska, Mehdi Sharifi-Rad, Yadav Uprety, et al. "Aloe Genus Plants: From Farm to Food Applications and Phytopharmacotherapy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 9 (September 19, 2018): 2843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19092843.
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Aloe genus plants, distributed in Old World, are widely known and have been used for centuries as topical and oral therapeutic agents due to their health, beauty, medicinal, and skin care properties. Among the well-investigated Aloe species are A. arborescens, A. barbadensis, A. ferox, and A. vera. Today, they account among the most economically important medicinal plants and are commonly used in primary health treatment, where they play a pivotal role in the treatment of various types of diseases via the modulation of biochemical and molecular pathways, besides being a rich source of valuable phytochemicals. In the present review, we summarized the recent advances in botany, phytochemical composition, ethnobotanical uses, food preservation, and the preclinical and clinical efficacy of Aloe plants. These data will be helpful to provide future directions for the industrial and medicinal use of Aloe plants.
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Raffauf, Robert F. "Herbs, spices, and medicinal plants: Recent advances in botany, horticulture, and pharmacology." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 19, no. 1 (January 1987): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(87)90143-7.
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Gutierrez, Kathleen Cruz. "Rehabilitating Botany in the Postwar Moment: National Promise and the Encyclopedism of Eduardo Quisumbing’s Medicinal Plants of the Philippines (1951)." Asian Review of World Histories 6, no. 1 (January 30, 2018): 33–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22879811-12340025.
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Abstract In 1951, plant taxonomist Eduardo Quisumbing published Medicinal Plants of the Philippines, a 1,234–page volume on the palliative and curative applications of Philippine flora. Considered the standard contemporary reference on medical botany, Quisumbing’s work has informed generations of human scientists, botanists, and chemists from the archipelago. This paper, however, poses the question: What did Quisumbing, a trained orchidist, have to do with such a wide-ranging postwar publication—one quite distant from his scientific specialization—that would be (mistakenly) remembered as his magnum opus? Through a close reading of the text informed by the work’s intertextuality and Quisumbing’s personal archive, I argue that Medicinal Plants of the Philippines captures a type of encyclopedism undertaken in order to recuperate Manila’s Bureau of Science following World War ii. This encyclopedism speaks to the book’s curious character: strictly speaking, it is neither a pharmacopoeia nor a flora. Instead, it is a compendium of principally invasive species and their medicinal uses around the world that draws from over 630 academic publications. Caught within the tangle of postwar national reconstruction efforts, Quisumbing’s book evidences a considerable investment in intellectual knowledge production to assert the country’s newfound independence while shoring up public support for Philippine botanic and scientific research.
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Grudzinskaya, Ludmila, Nadezhda Gemejiyeva, and Zhanat Karzhaubekova. "The Kazakhstan medicinal flora survey in a leading families volume." Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series” 100, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2020bmg4/39-51.
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It has been perfomed a comprehensive survey of botany — pharmacological research of 7 leading families of medicinal flora in Kazakhstan which combine 648 species (46 per cent of all pharmaceutical flora). The leading families encompassing the largest number of species are Asteraceae (196 species), Rosaceae (89), Lamiaceae и Fabaceae (по 78), Ranunculaceae (75), Apiaceae (69), Brassicaceae (63). The families to be analyzed include 109 pharmacopoeia species (some 47 per cent of all known species in Kazakhstan of official medicine) and 18 rare ones. Research on resource potential of medicinal species within analysed families has been extremely low. Out of 648 medical herbs raw materials inventory has been defined only for 88 that makes up some 3.6 % species of plants of 7 leading families, among them there are 50 species to be applied to official medicine. The introduction research of medicinal plants is substantially high than recource one. In the territory of Kazakhstan has been tested in crop about 40 per cent of the plants of families mentioned above. The features of farming techniques have been worked out only for 15 pharmacopeia species; the crop yields of medicinal plants in crop have been defined for 70 species of leading families.
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Dorner, Zachary. "From Chelsea to Savannah: Medicines and Mercantilism in the Atlantic World." Journal of British Studies 58, no. 1 (January 2019): 28–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2018.172.
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AbstractIn 1732, the London Society of Apothecaries joined the Trustees for Establishing the Colony of Georgia in America in a scheme to establish an experimental garden in the nascent colony. This garden was designed to benefit the trustees’ bottom line, as well as to provide much-needed drugs to British apothecaries at a time of increasing overseas warfare and the mortality it entailed. The effort to grow medicinal plants in Georgia drew together a group of partners who began to recognize the economic potential of botany, and of medicinal plants specifically, in calculations of political economy. The plan depended on the knowledge production occurring at the apothecaries’ Chelsea Physic Garden and their efforts to adapt to a changing medicine trade by finding customers among state-sponsored institutions. Taken together, the histories of the gardens at Chelsea and Savannah illustrate that a perceived need for medicines brought plants into expressions of state power long before the network of botanical stations emblematic of the nineteenth-century empire. This earlier transatlantic story pairs the commercialization of health-care provision with shifts in imperial policy in the long eighteenth century.
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Bassal, Hussein, Othmane Merah, Aqeel M. Ali, Akram Hijazi, and Fawaz El Omar. "Psophocarpus tetragonolobus: An Underused Species with Multiple Potential Uses." Plants 9, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9121730.
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Natural products, particularly those extracted from plants, have been used as therapy for different diseases for thousands of years. The first written records on the plants used in natural medicine, referred to as “medicinal plants”, go back to about 2600 BC. A thorough and complete understanding of medicinal plants encompasses a multiplex of overlapping and integrated sciences such as botany, pharmacognosy, chemistry, enzymology and genetics. Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, a member of Fabaceae family also called winged bean, is a perennial herbaceous plant characterized by its tuberous roots and its winged pod twinning and a perennial legume rich in proteins, oils, vitamins and carbohydrates. Besides nutrients, winged bean also contains bioactive compounds that have therapeutic activities like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antibacterial, antifungal, antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity, a few of which already been reported. This plant can also be used as a medicinal plant for future benefits. With this concept in mind, the present review is designed to shed the light on the interests in the various phytochemicals and pharmacological pharmacognostical aspects of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus.
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Zhatova, H. O., L. M. Bondarieva, and Y. V. Koplyk. "Features of the rhiospheric microbiota of medicinal plants." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Agronomy and Biology, no. 4(38) (December 25, 2019): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/agrobio.2019.4.9.
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Medicinal plants are the source of biologically active compounds that are in constant demand for the pharmacological industry. Active production of plant secondary metabolites is possible only under optimal conditions of plant growth and development. The state of medicinal plants is controlled not only by genotype and environmental conditions but by the qualitative and quantitative composition of their microbiota as well. The study of the structure and function of the rhizospheric communities of medicinal plants is important for obtaining of high quality medicinal raw materials. Microorganisms are the constant companions of higher plants, which can be used as a medicinal raw material. The rhizosphere microbiota is highly specific, even between different varieties of the same plant species. Each plant species has a specific microbiome of the rhizosphere, depending on the existing soil community. The rhizosphere of medicinal plants is marked by a special highly specific microbiome due to the specificity of root exudates. Active cell secretion of the roots provides nutrient substrates with microorganisms that form strong associations both inside the root tissues and on the root surface as well as in the soil around the roots. The purpose of the research was to study the effect of medicinal plants of different systematic groups on the composition of the microbial communities of the rhizosphere. The experiments were conducted in 2018–2019 at the nursery medicinal plant plot of the Department of ecology and botany of Sumy National Agrarian University.
Ecological-trophic groups of microorganisms associated with the roots of medicinal plants in the experiment were represented by ammonifying bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and bacterias that destroyed of plant residues (cellulose-destroying bacteria). In the analysis of the total number of microorganisms of the rhizosphere revealed differences in the quantitative and qualitative composition of microbiota, due to the specific features of a medicinal plant. Positive influence on the development of microflora in the area of the roots and individual ecological-trophic groups had Mentha longifolia (L)., and a negative effect was observed in plants of Bergenia crassifolia L. It has been established that the number of microorganisms and the diversity of ecological-trophic groups is due to the belonging of a medicinal plant to a particular taxon. The number of microorganisms and their diversity decreased in the direction of: Mentha longifolia – Lysimachia vulgaris – Aristolochia clematitis – Achillea submillefolium – Bergenia crassifolia.
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Craker, Lyle E., and James E. Simon. "Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture and Pharmacology, Volume 2." Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 114, no. 4 (October 1987): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2996007.
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Janick, Jules. "Herbals: The Connection Between Horticulture and Medicine." HortTechnology 13, no. 2 (January 2003): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.13.2.0229.
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The prehistoric discovery that certain plants cause harm and others have curative powers is the origin of the healing professions and its practitioners (priest, physician, and apothecary), as well as professions devoted to plants (botany and horticulture). The description of plants and their properties and virtues (termed herbals in the 16th century) became an invaluable resource for the physician and apothecary. The earliest medicobotanical treatises date to antiquity. A Sumerian tablet from about 2100 bce (before current era) contains a dozen prescriptions and proscribes plant sources. In China, the Pen T'Sao Ching, assumed to be authored by the legendary Emperor Shen Nung in 2700 bce, but probably written in the first century, contains about 100 herbal remedies. The Ebers Papyrus, a medical treatise from ancient Egypt dates to 1550 bce but contains material from 5-20 centuries earlier. In Greece, the great botanical treatise Enquiry into Plants of Theophrastus, devotes book IX to the medicinal value of herbs. The herbal De Materia Medica by Pedanios Dioscorides of Anazarba, a Roman army physician, written in the year 65, the most famous ever written, was slavishly referred to, copied, and commented on for 1500 years. The great epoch of printed herbals appeared in the 16th century of which the most notable are Das Buch zu Distillieren (1500) by Hieronymus Brunschwig; Herbarum Vivae Eicones (1530, 1532, 1536) by Otto Brunfel; Kreüter Buch (1542) by Hieronymus Bock; De Historias Stirpium (1542) of Leonhart Fuchs; New Herball (1551, 1562, 1568) by William Turner; Commentarii “on Dioscorides” (1544) by Pier Andrea Mattioli; Crôÿdeboeck (1554) by Rembert Dodoens; and the Herball (1597) by John Gerard. Botany and medicine were essentially in step until the 17th century when both arts turned scientific and, at this juncture, botanical works would essentially ignore medicinal uses while medical works were devoid of plant lore. Yet, the medicinal use of herbs continues as an alternate form of medicine and remains popular in various forms to the present day despite the questionable efficacy of many popular herbs and the reliance of many herbal recommendations on superstition and astrology. The fact that most drugs were originally plant-based has encouraged a new look at the medicinal properties of plants.
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Zigau, Z. A., U. A. Muhammad, and A. A. Bello. "Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in the treatment of opportunistic skin infection among the people of Itas/Gadau Local Government Area of Bauchi State, Nigeria." Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bajopas.v12i1.31s.
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The use of plants for the treatment of opportunistic skin infections has been on the increase and the current renewed interest in natural products to sustain health globally cannot be over emphasized. A survey of the major ethno medicinal plants was carried out in Itas/Gadau LGA, where some ethno medicinal plants used in treating skin infections and various ailments were documented. The investigation included names and parts of plants used, ailments cured, preparation and administration of local herbs. Data was obtained through the use of administered questionnaire’s distributed at random to traditional healers as target respondents. It was shown that various plant species from 10 families were reported to be used in treating ailments, majority of these plants (72%) are wild, Detarium microcarpum, Carissa edulis and Anogeissus leiocarpus 35.5% were mainly harvested for their stem/bark. About 65.2% constitutes the most frequent route of administration by topical application. The most frequent method of preparation is by grinding and direct application of the powder to the affected area, whereas the most common skin infection treated with the medicinal plants is eczema (39.1) The most reported threat to the availability of medicinal plants is deforestation (43.6%), in some cases additives like edible oil and honey are used in 58% of remedy preparations. It is therefore recommended that the plants used should be investigated to ascertain their safety and efficacy in order to improve the quality of life of man.
Key words; Ethno botany, opportunistic skin infection and ailments.
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Chikowe, Ibrahim, Moira Mnyenyembe, Stuart Jere, Andrew G. Mtewa, John Mponda, and Fanuel Lampiao. "An Ethnomedicinal Survey of Indigenous Knowledge on Medicinal Plants in the Traditional Authority Chikowi in Zomba, Malawi." Current Traditional Medicine 6, no. 3 (March 9, 2020): 225–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2215083805666190821104434.
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Introduction: Medicinal plants and ethnomedicinal studies continue playing a significant role in herbal products development and traditional knowledge conservation. Calls for ethnomedicinal studies have increased recently to unleash the potential in medicinal plants and document verbal traditional knowledge. This study recorded the medicinal plants administered by traditional practitioners in the Traditional Authority Chikowi area of Zomba district in Malawi. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted for 2 weeks in September 2017. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to traditional medicine practitioners using snowball sampling in the company of botany personnel from the National Herbarium and Botanical Gardens (NHBG). Data collected included plant local names, medicinal uses, parts used, preparation methods and administration methods to clients. Some species were photographed and identified in the field by the NHBG officers. Results: Five traditional practitioners were interviewed. Fifty-nine medicinal plant species belonging to 38 families were used as prophylaxis and treatment for 27 communicable and non-communicable diseases/conditions. Fabaceae family (papilionoideae 11.9%, mimosoideae 5.1%, caesalpinioideae 1.7%) had the largest percentage of species (18.6%). Preparation methods ranged from infusion (38.0%) to cream (2.0%). Of these, 86.0%, 12.0% and 2.0% were administered orally, topically and rectally respectively. Roots were the most used part (60.8%) while the least used was flowers (1.3%). Nearly two-thirds were trees or shrubs (32.2% each). Conclusion: The area has a rich biodiversity of medicinal plant species and knowledge scientists can use as a baseline for identification of plant species, bioactive compounds and preparations with useful medicinal properties.
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Salehi, Bahare, Alessandro Venditti, Claudio Frezza, Aysun Yücetepe, Ümit Altuntaş, Sibel Uluata, Monica Butnariu, et al. "Apium Plants: Beyond Simple Food and Phytopharmacological Applications." Applied Sciences 9, no. 17 (August 29, 2019): 3547. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173547.
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Apium plants belong to the Apiaceae family and are included among plants that have been in use in traditional medicine for thousands of years worldwide, including in the Mediterranean, as well as the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and Africa. Some highlighted medical benefits include prevention of coronary and vascular diseases. Their phytochemical constituents consist of bergapten, flavonoids, glycosides, furanocoumarins, furocoumarin, limonene, psoralen, xanthotoxin, and selinene. Some of their pharmacological properties include anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, nematocidal, anti-rheumatism, antiasthma, anti-bronchitis, hepatoprotective, appetizer, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, breast milk inducer, anti-jaundice, antihypertensive, anti-dysmenorrhea, prevention of cardiovascular diseases, and spermatogenesis induction. The present review summarizes data on ecology, botany, cultivation, habitat, medicinal use, phytochemical composition, preclinical and clinical pharmacological efficacy of Apium plants and provides future direction on how to take full advantage of Apium plants for the optimal benefit to mankind.
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Zaman, S. U., K. Ali, W. Khan, M. Ali, T. Jan, and M. Nisar. "Ethno-botanical and geo-referenced profiling of medicinal plants of Nawagai Valley, District Buner (Pakistan)." Biosystems Diversity 26, no. 1 (February 25, 2018): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/011809.
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The prime objective of the research was to list the important ethnomedicinal plants of Nawagai village, District Buner. During the survey, 44 plant species from 27 families were observed and collected from the targeted area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Lamiaceae members were the most dominant (54%) followed by members of Asteraceae (30%), Poaceae (18%) and Solanaceae (12%). Relevant information such as field data, GPS coordinates family names, local names, therapeutic uses and plant habits were recorded for each species. For preservation purposes, specimens were mounted on herbarium sheets, and identified with the help of flora of Pakistan, flora of Australia and other relevant floristic records. During this research work all the collected specimens were preserved in the (BG&H, UOM) Botanical Garden and Herbarium, the data were also provided to the Department of Botany, University of Malakand Dir (Lower), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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Adamczak, Artur, Mariola Dreger, Katarzyna Seidler-Łożykowska, and Karolina Wielgus. "Fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium L.): botany, phytochemistry and traditional uses. A review." Herba Polonica 65, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hepo-2019-0018.
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Summary Fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium L., Onagraceae) is one of important medicinal plants used especially in the treatment of urogenital disorders, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatitis. The therapeutic effects of E. angustifolium extracts comprise antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and also antimicrobial activities. The aim of the present review was to provide the information on the botany, phytochemistry and traditional uses of E. angustifolium. This plant is a widespread circumboreal species of North America and Eurasia, tolerant in terms of habitat conditions, and often occupying man-made open habitats. Phytochemical studies on E. angustifolium resulted in the identification of about 250 different metabolites, including about 170 substances found for the first time in this plant in the last six years (2014–2019). Fireweed has an abundance of polyphenolic compounds, particularly ellagitannins. Oenothein B and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide are proposed as markers for the identification and standardization of the plant raw material. E. angustifolium exhibits significant phytochemical variability in relation to the geographical origin, plant part and time of harvest/vegetation phase. Survey of the ethnobotanical literature showed that the above-mentioned species has been widely used not only as a medicinal, but also as an edible, honey and decorative plant.
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Shah, Bijendra, Shubhangi Kamble, Bishun D. Patel, and Shiv Mangal Prasad. "Glimpses of Chandranighantu of Nepal: An Appraisal." Healer 1, no. 1 (September 17, 2020): 26–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.51649/healer.4.
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Introduction: Chandranighantu is a handwritten manuscript of Ayurveda about 250 years ago in Nepal by a well-known Vaidhya at that time of King Chandra Shamsher. It was believed that the dynasty brought to publish the manuscript with his name as Chandranighantu. It was completed in total of ten volume containing more than 900 medicinal plants and 200 minerals and metals which were available in Nepal only. Till date 5 volumes have been translated into Nepali and English language keeping the original along with; and published by Government of Nepal, but many stakeholders of Ayurveda especially Dravyaguna scholars are still unware of it worldwide. Hence, it was attempted to highlight its importance among Ayurveda scholars, researchers and practitioners. The aim of this documentation is to explore glimpses of Chandranighantu of Nepal and propagate its uniqueness regarding explanation of medicinal plants in the editions as well as handmade manuscripts with colour sketches. Methods: Singhadurbar Vaidykhana Vikas Samiti (SDVKVS), Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal published the Chandranighantu (Volume I) in 2012 A.D., as a primary resource material. It was reviewed and glimpses or peculiarities have been compiled, critically analysed and presented in this work. Results: Chandranighantu has been written after Bhava Prakash Nighantu because most of the references have been taken from Raj nighantu, Kaidev nighantu, Madanpal nighantu and Bhava Prakash Nighantu It has been written in 10 volumes comprising 8 volumes with descriptions of medicinal plants and 2 volumes with descriptions of minerals and animal products. In this work, the first volume of the Chandranighantu has been reviewed that includes total 99 medicinal plants describing synonyms and their properties and actions. The prime peculiarities of this nighantu is addition of local and nepali name and the style of narration of medicinal plants along with very fine handmade colourful sketches of the plants including habitat, root, stem, leaves, fruits, flowers in ints natural colour, clearly differentiating its parts as well as types, which is helpful in proper identification of the plants. This style of description of colourful plants is not found in any other nighantu. This nighantu has found to be taken the basis of pre-existing nighantus such as Dhanwantarinighantu, Rajnighantu, Madanpalnighantu, Kaidev nighantu, Bhavaprakash nighantu and others including lexicons like Amarkosha. Synonyms of plants have been given in different languages like Nepali, Newari, Avadhi, Bhojpuri, Marathi, Bengali, Hindi etc. along with Sanskrit. Conclusion: This nighantu is the evidence of modern era history of medicinal plants use in the Ayurveda. This nighantu is written with the unique style of narration of medicinal plants by synonyms, properties and actions along with colourful sketches. The present critical review recommends scholars, academician, researchers and medicinal plants related experts of recent sciences to explore the hidden knowledge of botany, pharmacognosy, pharmacology and therapeutic uses into gaining deeper perspicuity benefitting the ailing humanity
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Niass, Ousmane, Serigne Omar Sarr, Baba Dieye, Amadou Diop, and Yerim Mbagnick Diop. "In Vitro Assessment Of The Antiplasmodial Activity Of Three Plants Extracts Used In Local Traditional Medicine In Saloum (Senegal)." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 12 (April 28, 2016): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n12p157.
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Against the scourge of malaria in Africa and the development of chemo-resistance, discovering new natural cures is a major concern for many researchers. As a consequence, the present study was carried out in order, first, to identify the phytochemical compounds, and second, to assess the antiplasmodial activity, of three medicinal plants extracts, selected from an ethno-botany survey conducted in Senegal. The parts of the plants used were Strychnos spinosa (Strychnaceae) leaves and stems, Combretum glutinosum (Combretaceae) barks, and the whole aerial part of Pennisetum polystachion (Poaceae). Among these plants, the hydromethanolic extracts of Strychnos spinosa stems showed the most important activity against Plasmodium falciparum strains, with a IC50 of 15 μg/ml, followed by the leaves chlorophormic extracts and the ethyl acetate extracts of Pennisetum polystachion, with respective IC50 of 20 μg/ml and 21 μg/ml. Combretum glutinosum extracts showed the least important activity, in all tests.
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Blanco Barrantes, Jeimy, María Soledad Quesada, Gustavo Rojas, and Arlene Loría. "A Journey through the History of Drug Quality Control, from Greece to Costa Rica." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 9, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v9i1.454.
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This review describes the evolution and development of drug quality control throughout different times in history. A bibliographic research was conducted from the database JSTOR from the University of Costa Rica. This database contains information from academic journals and books from XIX to date. It covers different fields, such as anthropology, arts, biology, botany, health sciences, politics, pharmacy, history. Information was retrieved when the following words were present: pharmacy, quality, quality control, drugs, medicines, pharmacopoeia.
In ancient history India, China, Greece, Egypt, Africa and America used different medicinal plants to cure or alleviate disease. In some of these regions, methods were developed to make medicinal preparations as safe and effective as possible. In ancient Greece, the need to have a complete knowledge of drugs to carry out their proper preparation and detect adulterations was emerging. In Europe there was a constant development in the field, from books containing simple lists of preparations and medicines to more complex pharmacopoeias that included quality of the medicines. In America, the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) first appeared in 1820. In Costa Rica, the Specialized Laboratory for Drug Analysis, actually the Laboratory for Analysis and Pharmaceutical Consulting (LAYAFA), was created in 1965, to ensure the quality and safety of medicines registered and marketed in Costa Rica.
Differences between regulations and quality standards across centuries and countries, and their impact on the commercialization of medicines, have promoted regulations to harmonize the requirements related to different activities of the processes of manufacture, registration and quality control of medicines.
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VICTOR, JANINE E., GIDEON F. SMITH, and ABRAHAM E. VAN WYK. "History and drivers of plant taxonomy in South Africa." Phytotaxa 269, no. 3 (August 5, 2016): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.269.3.3.
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The development of plant taxonomy in South Africa from about 1600 to 2015 is reviewed, with emphasis on the main driving factors that have influenced the research direction, techniques used, and choice of taxonomic research topic. In addition, key personalities and important historical events are highlighted. The early scientific interest in the flora of South Africa and, by implication, its taxonomy was initially driven by curiosity. Exploration of plants for economic purposes especially for medicinal use and later, agriculture, drove the scientific development of botany and formed the foundation of formal botany in the country. Establishment of botanical gardens and herbaria influenced botanical research, in particular the field of taxonomy. Technological advances lead to increased modernisation of taxonomy as new sources of information derived from other fields of botany were incorporated into taxonomic research. Funding priorities and availability of financial resources influence the taxonomic research that is conducted, and international initiatives that impact on priorities in biodiversity science have further impact on taxonomy. At present the predominant culture of taxonomy is directed towards electronic dissemination of taxonomic information, leading to increased accessibility and connectivity. Strategic planning of plant taxonomy in South Africa has become more formal as relevance and impact of research products increasingly need to be justified with respect to the financial costs of conducting taxonomic research.
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Reyes-Chilpa, Ricardo, Silvia Laura Guzmán-Gutiérrez, María Campos-Lara, Ezra Bejar, Helia Reyna Osuna-Fernández, and Griselda Hernández-Pasteur. "On the first book of medicinal plants written in the American Continent:The LibellusMedicinalibus Indorum Herbisfrom Mexico, 1552. A review." Boletin Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromaticas 20, no. 1 (2021): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37360/blacpma.21.20.1.1.
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The "Libellus de Medicinalibus Indorum Herbis" (Little Book of Indian Medicinal Plants) was composed by the indigenous sages Martín De la Cruz and Juan Badiano, 31 years after the Aztec Empire fall. The former was the author, and the latter translated the manuscript from the Nahuatllanguage to Latin. It contains numerous recipes for treating human diseases and 185 colored drawings of the prescribed plants. In 1939 it was first published as "An Aztec Herbarium". However, it also contains XVI century European diseases and medical practices. We present an updated review of this beautiful codex, its history, conception, creators, and botany; as well as, the chemistry and pharmacology of fiveplants therein cited. The Libellusis a window in the time that allows the scientific research of ancient ethnopharmacological knowledge in Mesoamerica and document its persistence, disappearance, or transformation. However, this requires overcoming linguistic defies, but also derived from its historical, anthropological, cultural, botanical, and medical context.
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Parsons, Chris. "Medical Encounters and Exchange in Early Canadian Missions 1." Scientia Canadensis 31, no. 1-2 (January 23, 2009): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/019754ar.
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Abstract The exchange of medical and pharmaceutical knowledge was an important facet of the encounter between native and newcomer in early Canada. Throughout New France Récollet and Jesuit missionaries were given privileged access both to indigenous peoples and indigenous plants. Curiously, however, when it came to describing medical treatments, it was people, rather than medicinal plants, that were targets of what might be called “the descriptive enterprise.” Attempting to divide suspect shamanic remedies from those deemed natural, missionary observers carefully documented the context of medical treatments rather than simply the specific remedy applied for treatment. Using records left by early Canadian missionaries this paper will look at the peculiar character of medical exchange in the missions of seventeenth and eighteenth-century New France to look at the interpersonal encounters that formed a constitutive element of colonial botany and framed the way in which indigenous knowledge was represented to metropolitan audiences.
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Yang, Xiliang, Jianglian She, Jinping Liu, Tao Yang, Gege An, Qingru Chen, Cheng Fan, et al. "A Comprehensive Review of the Genus Pyrola Herbs in Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 57–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026619666191203112412.
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Pyrola (Pyrolaceae), also known as Luxiancao/鹿衔草in China, was recorded in Sheng Nong’s Herbal Classic listed in top grade. Pyrola herbs were used as medicinal plants for a long history with wide-ranging activities such as nourishing kidney-yang, strengthening muscles and bones, activating blood, stopping bleeding, dispelling rheumatism, and eliminating dampness. Currently, the research on Pyrola plants is increasing year by year but there is no comprehensive and detailed review concerning genus Pyrola. This review aims to sum up the updated and comprehensive information about botany and traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and safety by analyzing the information available on Pyrola plants via internationally accepted scientific databases. Collectively, more than 100 compounds have been isolated from the Pyrola plants. Furthermore, a total of 33 prescriptions containing Pyrola plants are compiled in this review. Pyrola plants are used as indispensable agents in traditional Chinese medicine due to its activities of antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipidlowering, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protection, proliferation of osteoblasts promoting, antineoplastic and etc. Further work should be developed on the elucidation of structure-function relationship, understanding of multi-target pharmacological effects, as well as developing its application both in clinical usage and functional food for research and development of Pyrola plants.
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TAMAS, Mircea, Georgeta BALICA, and Cristina STEFANESCU. "RESEARCH ON SOME PLANT SPECIES CONTAINING ESSENTIAL OILS PERFORMED AT UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND PHARMACY „IULIU HAŢIEGANU” CLUJ-NAPOCA." Contribuţii Botanice 55 (January 1, 2021): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/contrib.bot.55.10.
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The present article offers a synthesis of original research performed at the department of Pharmaceutical botany of „Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca on 17 species and varieties of essential oil-containing plants that belong to 11 genera, all Romanian traditional medicinal, endemic or ornamental species. The essential oils were qualitatively analized and quantified by TLC and GC-MS from: Tanacetum balsamita (2 varieties), Artemisia abrotanum, Rhododendron myrtifolium, Origanum vulgare, Artemisia annua, Inula helenium, Salvia officinalis, Thuja occidentalis, Acorus calamus, Achillea (4 species) and Solidago (3 species). The chemical composition of these species belonging to the Romanian flora was established, two chemical infraspecific taxa were identified within Tanacetum balsamita and Achillea distans, and toxic compounds from essential oils (βasarone, thujone) were quantified.
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Pranaka, Resky Nanda, Fathul Yusro, and Indah Budiastutik. "PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN OBAT OLEH MASYARAKAT SUKU MELAYU DI KABUPATEN SAMBAS." Jurnal Tumbuhan Obat Indonesia 13, no. 1 (July 22, 2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v13i1.1887.
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ABSTRACT
Medicinal plant was used to solve the health problems by community both for prevention and medication. The medicinal plants utilization has a pivotal role on the sustainability and biodiversity of plants. Sambas Regency of West Kalimantan is dominated mostly by Malay ethnicity. They have different perspective in medicinal plants utilization, using a system of religion and belief that is continuously handed down from generation to generation. The study aims to analyze the patterns of medicinal plants utilization, plant use values, the degree of community approval, the most important plant species and to analyze the influence of socio-economic factors in the utilization of traditional medicinal plants, especially the Malay ethnic community in Sambas Regency. The study was conducted in Teluk Keramat Subdistrict (Sungai Serabek village, Sungai Baru village) and Tekarang (Sempadian village) where 80% of the population knew the use of medicinal plants. The data was collected by interview and observation to the head of the family or housewife with a purposive sampling technique. The data was analyzed using botany indexes i.e. Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), Fidelity Level (FL), and socio-economic factors using Chi Square test. The highest ICF value of 233 species for 103 groups of diseases, namely smallpox (1), promoting the brain (1), ear pain (1), and appendicitis (1). The highest value of FL are 81 species. The highest values of UV is sirih (0,4926), follow by kunyit (0,3312), sirsak (0,3185), bawang merah (0,2994), kalimao (0,2972), jahe merah (0,2314), kumis kucing (0,1996), saudagar (0,1911), jambu biji putih (0,1614), mengkudu (0,1486), pegagan (0,1338), kencur (0,1253), cocor bebek (0,1253), cengkodok (0,1168), and sirih merah (0,1040). The socio-economic factors that influence the utilization of traditional medicinal plants are gender, age, and religion. Keywords: Sambas regency, melayu ethnic, medicinal plants
ABSTRAK
Pemanfaatan tanaman obat merupakan salah satu solusi masalah kesehatan dimasyarakat baik untuk pencegahan maupun pengobatan. Penggunaan tanaman obat berdampak besar terhadap kelestarian dan keanekaragaman hayati tumbuhan. Kabupaten Sambas merupakan wilayah di Kalimantan Barat yang sebagian besar masyarakatnya ber-etnis (Suku) Melayu. Mereka memanfaatkan tumbuhan obat dengan cara pandang yang berbeda yakni menggunakan sistem religi dan keyakinan yang terus-menerus dan turun-temurun.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pola pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat, nilai guna tumbuhan, derajat persetujuan masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat, dan jenis tumbuhan yang paling penting serta menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan tanaman obat tradisional khususnya masyarakat suku melayu Kabupaten Sambas. Penelitian dilakukan pada Kecamatan Teluk Keramat (desa Sungai Serabek, desa Sungai Baru) dan Kecamatan Tekarang (desa Sempadian) yang secara
persentase 80% mengetahui penggunaan tumbuhan obat. Proses pengambilan sampel adalah melalui wawancara dan observasi dengan informan Kepala Keluarga atau Ibu Rumah Tangga menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan beberapa indeks seperti Use Value, Informant Consensus Factor, dan Fidelity Level, sedangkan sosial ekonomi faktor dianalisis menggunakan Chi Square test. Nilai ICF tertinggi dari 233 spesies untuk 103 kelompok penyakit yakni cacar, keremut (1), mencerdaskan otak (1), sakit telinga (1), dan usus buntu (1). Nilai FL tertinggi (100%) sebanyak 81 spesies. Nilai UV tertinggi adalah sirih (0,4926), diikuti oleh kunyit (0,3312), sirsak (0,3185), bawang merah (0,2994), kalimao (0,2972), jahe merah (0,2314), kumis kucing (0,1996), saudagar (0,1911), jambu biji putih (0,1614), mengkudu (0,1486), pegagan (0,1338), kencur (0,1253), cocor bebek (0,1253), cengkodok (0,1168), dan sirih merah (0,1040). Faktor sosial ekonomi yang berpengaruh dalam pemanfaatan tanaman obat tradisional adalah jenis kelamin, umur, dan agama.
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Kačergius, A., and D. Radaitienė. "Greenhouse test for the resistance to root and stem rot of Hypericum perforatum L. accessions." Plant Protection Science 38, SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002 (December 31, 2017): 533–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/10547-pps.
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Root and stem rot caused by soil-borne agent Fusarium avenaceum is a major disease of wild Hypericum perforatum accessions in the field collection of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (MAP) of the Institute of Botany in Lithuania. These wild accessions of H. perforatum are growing as an initial material for breeding. In 1998–2001 the monitoring of epidemiological situation of field collection of H. perforatum showed differences among accessions considering the resistance to root rot. High intensity of root rot was observed in the third–fourth years of cultivation. The most damaged plants (> 50%) were among the accessions 219, 379, 381, and cv. Zolotodolinskaja. Fungi of the Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Rhizoctonia, and Verticillium genera were associated with H. perforatum roots together with the rot agent Fusarium avenaceum. Seven accessions from Lithuania and cv. Zolotodolinskaja of H. perforatum were tested for the resistance to root rot under greenhouse conditions. Two accessions (219, 381) were highly susceptible to the disease, another two (218, 383) were less susceptible, others were free of the symptoms of root rot. Accessions and single plants, survived after artificial infection, have been selected for further investigations.
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Marderosian, Ara der. "Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture, and Pharmacology. Volume 1.Lyle E. Craker , James E. Simon." Quarterly Review of Biology 62, no. 1 (March 1987): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/415336.
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Phumthum, Methee, and Henrik Balslev. "Using ICPC-2 Standard to Identify Thai Zingiberaceae of Pharmacological Interest." Plants 9, no. 7 (July 17, 2020): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070906.
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The Economic Botany Data Collection Standard (EBDCS) is a widely used standard among ethnobotanists. However, this standard classifies ethnomedicinal uses into categories based on local peoples’ perception. It is difficult to apply in pharmacological research. The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC), now updated to ICPC-2, is more related to medical terms, but is rarely used among ethnobotanists. This study aims to apply the ICPC-2 to classify metadata of the ethnomedicinal uses of Zingiberaceae plants in Thailand, in order to identify important medicinal taxa for future research. Data on the ethnomedicinal uses of Thai gingers were collected from 62 theses, journal articles, scientific reports and a book, published between 1990 and 2019. Scientific plant names were updated using The World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP) website. Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) was used to identify the medicinal issues commonly treated with gingers, and the Cultural Importance Index (CI) was used to identify species that might have pharmacological potential. We found records of 76 ginger species with ethnomedicinal uses, and together they had 771 use reports. The gingers were commonly used for treatments related to digestive system conditions, particularly abdominal pain and flatulence. Gingers remain exceedingly important in Thai ethnomedicine, with a high number of useful species. They are used to treat a variety of health conditions, but most commonly such ones that are related to the digestive system. Apart from the popular studied ginger, Curcuma longa, we identified a number of other useful gingers in Thailand.
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Foley, Paul. "Duboisia myoporoides: The Medical Career of a Native Australian Plant." Historical Records of Australian Science 17, no. 1 (2006): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr06001.
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Alkaloids derived from solanaceous plants were the subject of intense investigations by European chemists, pharmacologists and clinicians in the second half of the nineteenth century. Some surprise was expressed when it was discovered in the 1870s that an Australian bush, Duboisia myoporoides, contained an atropine-like alkaloid, 'duboisine'. A complicated and colourful history followed. Duboisine was adopted in Australia, Europe and the United States as an alternative to atropine as an ophthalmologic agent; shortly afterwards, it was also esteemed as a potent sedative in the management of psychiatric patients, and as an alternative to other solanaceous alkaloids in the treatment of parkinsonism. The Second World War led to renewed interest in Duboisia species as sources of scopolamine, required for surgical anaesthesia and to manage sea-sickness, a major problem in the naval part of the war. As a consequence of the efforts of the CSIR and of Wilfrid Russell Grimwade (1879-1955), this led to the establishment of plantations in Queensland that today still supply the bulk of the world's raw scopolamine. Following the War, however, government support for commercial alkaloid extraction waned, and it was the interest of the German firm Boehringer Ingelheim and its investment in the industry that rescued the Duboisia industry in the mid-1950s, and that continues to maintain it at a relatively low but stable level today. 'It is to be regretted that scientific men in this colony have paid so little attention to the subject of Medicinal Botany. Surrounded, as we are, by shrubs and plants possessing medicinal properties, there is a wide field for investigation; and, no doubt, it will be found in time to come, that we have been sending to distant countries for expensive medicines, whilst remedies equally efficacious might be provided close at hand in all their native freshness.' William Woolls, A Contribution to the Flora of Australia (1867), p. 94.
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Balakrishnan, Rengasamy, Duk-Yeon Cho, In Su-Kim, and Dong-Kug Choi. "Dendropanax Morbiferus and Other Species from the Genus Dendropanax: Therapeutic Potential of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology." Antioxidants 9, no. 10 (October 8, 2020): 962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100962.
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The Dendropanax genus is a kind of flowering plant in the family of Araliaceae that encompasses approximately 91 to 95 species. Several Dendropanax species are used as traditional medicinal plants, extensively used Korea and South America and other parts of the world. Almost every part of the plant, including the leaves, bark, roots, and stems, can be used as traditional medicine for the prevention and management of a broad spectrum of health disorders. This paper sought to summarizes the ethnopharmacological benefits, biological activities, and phytochemical investigations of plants from the genus Dendropanax, and perhaps to subsequently elucidate potential new perspectives for future pharmacological research to consider. Modern scientific literature suggests that plants of the Dendropanax genus, together with active compounds isolated from it, possess a wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological applications, including antifungal, anti-complement, antioxidant, antibacterial, insect antifeedant, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, and anti-hypouricemic properties. The botanical descriptions of approximately six to 10 species are provided by different scientific web sources. However, only six species, namely, D. morbiferus, D. gonatopodus, D. dentiger, D. capillaris, D. chevalieri, and D. arboreus, were included in the present investigation to undergo phytochemical evaluation, due to the unavailability of data for the remaining species. Among these plant species, a high concentration of variable bioactive ingredients was identified. In particular, D. morbifera is a traditional medicinal plant used for the multiple treatment purposes and management of several human diseases or health conditions. Previous experimental evidence supports that the D. morbifera species could be used to treat various inflammatory disorders, diarrhea, diabetes, cancer, and some microbial infections. It has recently been reported, by our group and other researchers, that D. morbifera possesses a neuroprotective and memory-enhancing agent. A total of 259 compounds have been identified among six species, with 78 sourced from five of these species reported to be bioactive. However, there is no up-to-date information concerning the D. morbifera, its different biological properties, or its prospective benefits in the enhancement of human health. In the present study, we set out to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the botany, traditional medicinal history, and medicinal resources of species of the Dendropanax genus. In addition, we explore several phytochemical constituents identified in different species of the Dendropanax genus and their biological properties. Finally, we offer comprehensive analysis findings of the phytochemistry, medicinal uses, pharmacological actions, and a toxicity and safety evaluation of the D. morbifera species and its main bioactive ingredients for future consideration.
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Ford, Paul W., Alan D. Harmon, Arthur O. Tucker, Myron Sasser, Gary Jackoway, Gerardo Albornoz, Roman D. Grypa, Jonna L. Pratt, and John H. Cardellina. "Cinnamon – Differentiation of Four Species by Linking Classical Botany to an Automated Chromatographic Authentication System." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 102, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.18-0343.
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Abstract One of the world’s oldest spices, cinnamonis also one of the most popular. Species of the genus Cinnamomum offer a variety of extractable oils with aroma and flavor characteristicsof importance to the flavor industry, so differentiating cinnamon samples for culinary-based applicationsis very important. Cinnamon also has reported healthbenefits associated with specific phytochemical constituents, but its composition can vary greatly depending on species and source region. A substantial amount of the research reported on cinnamon does notprovide thorough documentation of the source and taxonomic identification of the study material, a very common issue with studies of food and medicinal plants.In the interest of providing some clarity to the discussion of the health benefits and culinary attributes of the different cinnamon types in the marketplace, we offer the results of a long-term chemotaxonomic study of cinnamon samples sourced from different regions of the world and link those chemical data to classical taxonomic identification of the source plants. We provide details of the effective use of an automated chemotaxonomic analytical method to differentiate cinnamons from various geographic regions. Also included are chromatographic data for the polyphenolic/procyanidin fractions of each species, as cinnamon type-A procyanidins are often the purported source of biological activity in cinnamon and cinnamon extracts.
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Widodo, Harto, Abdul Rohman, and Sismindari Sismindari. "Pemanfaatan Tumbuhan Famili Fabaceae untuk Pengobatan Penyakit Liver oleh Pengobat Tradisional Berbagai Etnis di Indonesia." Media Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan 29, no. 1 (April 14, 2019): 65–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v29i1.538.
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Abstract
Liver disease is one of the leading causes of death globally. Recently, its prevalence and mortality rate continue to increase. It was reported that Indonesia’s hepatitis prevalence was 1.2% in 2013. Indonesia is the world second largest megabiodiversity country and inhabited by 1,068 ethnicities. Both are assets to explore medicinal plants as well as local knowledge to overcome various diseases. Ethnomedicine research by the National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD) of Republic of Indonesia in year of 2012, 2015, and 2017 resulted in local etnopharmacology and medicinal plants in Indonesia. One important information is data on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of liver disease by traditional healers from various ethnic groups in Indonesia. Analysis of the information set shows that the most widely used plant species for the treatment of liver disease by battra are included in Fabaceae family. Therefore, further studies of the literature regarding the use of empirical, compound content, therapeutic activities and pharmacology of plant species are used as support or even correction for their use in the treatment of liver disease. Various properties as antibiotics (against viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi), anti-inflammation, antioxidants, hepatoprotectors, and immunomodulators support the use of these species for the treatment of liver disease. Further research is needed to provide basic data on its use in traditional medicine, obtain and develop new drug compounds, and reveal broader use, not to mention toxic and anti-nutritional compounds. This information is expected to be useful for those who are involved in the ethnobotany, botany, pharmacognosy, and pharmacology fields.
Abstrak
Penyakit liver termasuk salah satu penyakit yang menjadi penyebab kematian utama secara global, dengan angka kematian terus mengalami peningkatan. Hepatitis merupakan salah satu penyakit liver, prevalensi di Indonesia pada tahun 2013 mencapai 1,2%. Sebagai negara megabiodiversitas nomor dua di dunia yang dihuni oleh 1.068 etnis/suku bangsa, Indonesia kaya akan tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi berbagai penyakit. Riset etnomedisin oleh Badan Litbang Kesehatan RI pada tahun 2012, 2015, dan 2017 menghasilkan metadata pengetahuan lokal etnofarmakologi dan tumbuhan obat Indonesia. Salah satu informasi pentingnya yaitu data pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat untuk pengobatan penyakit liver oleh pengobat tradisional (battra) dari berbagai etnis di Indonesia. Analisis terhadap set informasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa spesies tumbuhan paling banyak digunakan untuk pengobatan penyakit liver termasuk dalam famili Fabaceae. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan studi literatur mengenai pemanfaatan empiris, kandungan senyawa, aktivitas terapeutik dan farmakologi spesies-spesies tumbuhan tersebut sebagai dukungan atau bahkan koreksi terhadap pemanfaatannya untuk pengobatan penyakit liver. Berbagai khasiat sebagai antibiotik (terhadap virus, bakteri, parasit, jamur), anti-inflamasi, antioksidan, hepatoprotektor, dan imunomodulator menyokong pemanfaatan spesies tersebut untuk pengobatan penyakit liver. Penelitian lebih lanjut sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan data dasar penggunaannya dalam pengobatan tradisional, mendapat dan mengembangkan senyawa obat baru, serta mengungkap pemanfaatan yang lebih luas tak terkecuali pula terhadap senyawa toksik dan anti-nutrisi. Informasi ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi yang menggeluti bidang etnobotani, botani, farmakognosi, dan farmakologi.
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Haritha, Ch, D. Ramya, R. Naveen, S. V. Prasanna, and P. Salomi. "A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON BERGENIA LIGULATA (PAASHANBHEDA) AND ITS ROLE IN THE TREATMENT OF KIDNEY STONE FORMATION." International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy 12, no. 4 (August 28, 2021): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7897/2277-4343.1204113.
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Bergenia ligulata, a member of the saxifragaceae family, is a well-known Ayurvedic medicine Paashanbheda. Bergenia ligulata is a highly regarded medicinal herb and one of the most well-known examples of controversial drugs in Indian medicine, commonly referred to as "Paashanbheda." This plant is well-known for its ability to dissolve kidney stones. Bergenia comes in three varieties: B. ligulata, B. ciliata and B. stracheyi. Bergenin is the species' key chemical constituent. Many secondary metabolites belonging to coumarins, flavonoids, benzenoids, lactone, fructose, tannins, phenols, and sterols have been discovered in phytochemical studies. Anti-urolithic, antiviral, free radical scavenging, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, diuretic, antipyretic, anti-oxaluria, antitumor, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-implantation and cardio-protective activities have been observed in crude extracts and isolated compounds from B. ligulata. Bergenin, (+) afzelechin, (+) catechin and -sitosterol were discovered in the plant's phytochemistry. Many pharmacological activities of plants have been studied, including antipyretic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, antiurolithic and antimalarial. The aim of this review is to present the most current knowledge on botany, Pharmacognosy, conventional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacopoeial requirements, pharmacology of B. ligulata, as well as the biological activities of Bergenin (active constituent from Bergenia ligulata). It covers the information collected from scientific journals, books, theses and reports via a library and electronic search (Google Scholar and PubMed).
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Basha, SKM, M. John Paul, and P. Siva Kumar Reddy. "Phytodiversity and conservation of Nithypooja Kona Sacred Grove of Nallamala Hill Range, Eastern Ghats, Andhra Pradesh." International Journal of Environment 4, no. 2 (June 3, 2015): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12648.
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Sacred groves are climax forests and are the only representatives of natural or near-natural vegetation. These are dedicated to deities or ancestral spirits worshipped by local tribes along with surrounding plants and trees. These are ecosystems by themselves and perform all the ecological functions. Phytodiversity constitute a large segment of the flora which provides raw materials for use by numerous Pharmaceutical industries. The present study will be useful for researchers in the field of Ethan botany, Ethnomedicine, Taxonomy, and Pharmacology for further studies. Nithyapoojakona Sacred grove is one of the important sacred groves in Kadapa district. The present paper deals with the phyto-diversity of the above grove used by local tribes. This paper deals with the 181 species of probable medicinal potential belonging to 138 genera and 71 families. Significant flora are Cycas beddomei, Pterocarpus santalinus, Drosera burmaptonni, Orabanche cernua, Neptunia oleracea, Hugonia mystax, Caralluma adsendens , Gloriosa superba, Limnophila spp, Centella sasiatica etc. Word famous Red sanders population of the study area is being destroyed unethically and it is to be protected. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12648 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 271-288
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Fokina, A. V., T. M. Satarova, V. T. Smetanin, and N. I. Kucenko. "Optimization of microclonal propagation in vitro of oregano (Origanum vulgare)." Biosystems Diversity 26, no. 2 (May 11, 2018): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/011815.
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Medicinal plants are important objects for botany, systematics and plant geography research, as well as physiology, pharmacology, and biotechnology. Medicinal plants from the Lamiaceae family are being intensively studied for medical and pharmacological reasons. This family also includes the medicinal herbaceous plant oregano (Origanum vulgare L.), known from ancient times for its antimicrobial and antifungal properties, the ability to strengthen the human immune system, and to improve the general state of an organism. At present, the study of its antimicrobial, antifungal, insecticidal, anticoagulant, antitumor, therapeutic and many other properties is being actively continued. Due to the relevance of the development of the principles of O. vulgare micropropagation in vitro and the undeveloped conditions and methods of its cultivation, the aim of this work was to optimize microclonation in vitro of oregano via the activation of auxiliary buds. The research tasks were to test the ability of auxiliary buds to be activated depending on the localization on the donor shoot internodes and to intensify the root formation of cuttings through medium content optimization. The influence of the location of the auxiliary buds on donor shoots on their activation in vitro was studied on such indicators as the length of newly formed shoots, the number of nodules per one newly formed shoot, and the number of newly formed shoots per one bud. In plant microclonal propagation, the stage of root formation is very important for further adaptation in soil. Practical experience has shown that for the effective adaptation of oregano in soil, the length of the root system for cuttings should be 1.5–2.0 cm, the degree of root system development – 4–5 points under shoot length of 3–5 cm. The study of peculiarities of oregano microclonal propagation via activation of auxiliary buds has allowed us to optimize the stage of explant selection for cutting and the formation of cuttings’ roots. It has been established that for optimal length, the number of nodules of the newly formed shoots and the number of newly formed shoots, the first internode, located on the top of a parent shoot, as well as the third to fifth ones are more suitable. For rooting oregano cuttings, the optimal medium on the ratio of length and density of root system and on shoot length is the nutrient one containing half of the macro-, microsalts and vitamins on Murashige-Skoog, 20 g/l sucrose and 0.75 mg/l kinetin.
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Porwal, Omji, Muath Sheet Mohammed Ameen, Esra T. Anwer, Subasini Uthirapathy, Javed Ahamad, and Amani Tahsin. "Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle): Review on Its chemistry, morphology, ethno medical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 5 (September 15, 2019): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i5.3666.
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The oldest remedies identified to mankind are herbal medicines. India is recognized worldwide for its Ayurvedic treatment. India has rich history of using many plants for medicinal purposes. Remedial plants are cooperating extremely dynamic position in customary drugs for the action of a variety of illness. However a key obstacle, which has hindered the promotion in use of alternative medicines in the developed countries, is no evidence of documentation and absence of stringent quality control measures. There is a demand for the evidence of every investigate effort execute on conventional remedies in the appearance of certification. The purpose of current review is to make accessible up-to-date information on, botany, morphology, ecological biodiversity, therapeutic uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities on diverse parts of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn (S. marianum). This review was assembled using technical literature from electronic search engine such as Springer link, Bio Med Central, Pub Med, Scopus, Science Direct, Scielo, Medline and Science domain. Supplementary texts were obtained from books, book chapters, dissertations, websites and other scientific publications. S. marianum a member of the Asteraceae family, is a tall herb with large prickly white veined green leaves and a reddish-purple flower that ends in sharp spines. It is native of the Mediterranean region and which has also spread in East Asia, Europe, Australia and America. Confident chemical constituents were exposed cognate as silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, silydianin, apigenin 7-O-β-(2″- O-α-rhamnosyl)galacturonide, kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside-7-O-β-galacturonide, apigenin 7-O-β-glucuronide, apigenin 7-O-β-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-β-galactoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnoside, kaempferol, taxifolin and quercetin. The plant is exclusively used as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolaemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and as an anti-oxidant. Seeds of the plant are also used as an anti-spasmodic, neuroprotective, anti-viral, immunomodulant, cardioprotective, demulcent and anti-haemorrhagic. The plant is also serves as a galactagogue, agent that induces milk secretion and used in the treatment of uterine disorders. The plant is employed in dissimilar conventional schemes of remedy in the cure of different illness.
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TAMALENE, M. NASIR. "Traditional knowledge on the use of local food crops by Togutil Ethnic in Halmahera Island, Indonesia." Asian Journal of Agriculture 1, no. 02 (December 1, 2017): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g010203.
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Tamalene MN. 2017. Traditional knowledge on the use of local food crops by Togutil Ethnic in Halmahera Island, Indonesia. Asian J Agric 1: 66-72. Food crop is an important component in the life system of Togutil ethnic group in Halmahera Island. The main characteristic of the ethnic is their nomadic life despite the existence of some sedentary groups. Generally, the ethnic consumes wild food plants growing in their natural ecosystem. This paper presents selected result of food crop studies conducted in Halmahera Island Indonesia. The botanical supply of food crops of the ethnic has high usefulness in their social and cultural activities. Data was collected through in-depth interview method to key informants chosen based on purposive sampling. Plant species was identified in the Laboratory of Herbarium Botany Bogoriense of the Biological Research Center of Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI). 48 species of 23 families of food crops are used by Togutil tribe of Halmahera Island Indonesia. The food crops identified were wild plants of 45.83% growing in bushes habitat and primary forest and cultivated crops of 56.25% planted in the garden and yard. Other uses of the food crops were as medicinal plant of 64.28%, house building of 29.17%, and handicraft and adhesive for animal of 4.17%. In the cultural aspect, food crops were used for hunting ritual, medium of exchange (barter), welcoming guest ritual and traditional ritual. The value of Cultural Food Significance Index (CFSI) in very high significance category was 64.58%, high significance was 27.08%, and low significance and very low significance are 4.16%.
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Mas i Miralles, Antoni, and Marinela Garcia Sempere. "Tractat per l’art de la caça; edición y estudio léxico." Reinardus / Yearbook of the International Reynard Society 25 (December 31, 2013): 96–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rein.25.07mas.
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El Tractat per l’art de la caça es una obra medieval de cetrería escrita en catalán, anónima y hasta ahora inédita. Se conserva en un único manuscrito, en el que también se copia el Llibre de cetreria de Felip Dalmau I de Rocabertí. Constituye, con los otros tratados catalanes conservados, un conjunto representativo de este género, que tanta difusión tuvo en la Europa medieval. En este trabajo presentamos, en primer lugar, una breve introducción sobre esta obra: las características del manuscrito, el contenido y algunas de las posibles fuentes. A continuación, un análisis lexicológico de los términos de medicina referidos a enfermedades, remedios y tratamientos, junto a un inventario de los nombres de plantas medicinales que recoge el texto, con las que se podían preparar toda clase de ungüentos, emplastos y otra clase de fórmulas. Voces que eran normales y frecuentes en este tipo de obras, ya que, sin duda, los halconeros poseían unos vastos conocimientos, tanto de veterinaria como de botánica, porque de sus cuidados y atenciones dependía, en buena medida, la salud de las aves de caza. Finalmente, ofrecemos una transcripción a partir del facsímil de este manuscrito.The Tractat per l’art de la caça is a mediaeval work of falconry written in Catalan, anonymous and up to now unpublished. It is preserved in a single manuscript, in which also the Llibre de cetreria by Felip Dalmau I of Rocabertí is copied. It constitutes, with the rest of Catalan treatises conserved, a representative set of works of of this genre, which was so widely spread in mediaeval Europe. In this paper we present, in the first place, a brief introduction to this work: the characteristics of the manuscript, its content, and some of its possible sources. Then follows a lexicological analysis of the medical terms referring to illnesses, cures and treatments, and an inventory of the names of medicinal plants collected in the text, with which one could prepare all class of ointments, poultices and other kinds of cures. These words were usual and frequent in this type of works, since, definitely, falconers possessed a vast knowledge, both about veterinary science and about botany, as the health of their birds of prey depended so much on their proper care and attention. Finally, we offer a transcription from the facsimile of this manuscript.
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Josic, D., M. Starovic, S. Stojanovic, T. Popovic, N. Dolovac, J. Zdravkovic, and S. Pavlovic. "First Report of Group 16SrXII-A Phytoplasma Causing Stolbur Disease in Saponaria officinalis Plants in Serbia." Plant Disease 97, no. 3 (March 2013): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-12-0885-pdn.
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Saponaria officinalis L. (Caryophyllaceae; also known as bouncingbet or soapwort) is a perennial medicinal plant important for the pharmaceutical industry and used as an expectorant, alterative, laxative, and ointment for some skin diseases and arthritic conditions. S. officinalis plants with typical symptoms (23% in 2011 and 47% in 2012) of phytoplasma infection were observed in Pancevo plantation, Serbia. The symptoms appeared in May with leaves changing color from green to brown with severe reddening and necrosis. Severely diseased plants died. The infected plants had a significant reduction in biomass and quality. To investigate the presence of phytoplasma, total DNA was extracted from 10 symptomatic and four asymptomatic plants by a CTAB method. The nested PCR was carried out using phytoplasma-specific primer set P1/16S-SR followed by R16F2n/R16R2, targeting the 16S rRNA gene sequence of 1.5 and 1.2 kb in length, respectively. The amplicons of expected size were obtained from the symptomatic plants, but not from the asymptomatic plants. To obtain restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns, the R16F2n/R2 amplicons were digested with AluI, TruI1, HpaII, and HhaI endonucleases. The resulting patterns indicated that seven plants were infected by a Stolbur phytoplasma belonging to the 16SrXII-A subgroup, since it had the identical RFLP pattern as the STOL reference strain. The 1.2 kb nested PCR products of representative isolate Sap7 were purified using PCR purification kit (Fermentas, Vilnius, Lithuania) according to the recommended protocol and sequenced using facilities of IMGGI SeqService, Belgrade, Serbia. The obtained sequence was deposited in the NCBI database (GenBank Accession No. JX866951). The phytoplasma 16S rRNA gene sequence from Sap7 had a sequence identity of 97% with GenBank accessions GQ273961.1 (‘Euonymus japonicus’ phytoplasma), JX311953.1 (Candidatus Phytoplasma solani clone 5043), JQ412100.1 (Iranian alfalfa phytoplasma M21), and JN561702.1 (‘Convolvulus arvensis’ stolbur phytoplasma clone P1/P7-Conv2/2010-Bg). To our knowledge, this is the first report of a natural infection of S. officinalis by 16SrXII-A subgroup (Stolbur) phytoplasma in Serbia. As cited by Lee et al. (1), the 16SrI-M subgroup phytoplasma in S. officinalis sample was already detected in Lithuania by Valiunas (2). The identification of phytoplasma in the Pancevo plantation caused the intensification of our biological control tests and efforts to reduce the ecological and economic impacts of these phytoplasmas. References: (1) I. M. Lee et al. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54:1037, 2004. (2) D. Valiunas. PhD thesis, Institute of Botany, Vilnius, Lithuania, 2003.
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Kononchuk, O. B., and S. V. Pyda. "КУЗЬМА МИКОЛАЙОВИЧ ВЕКІРЧИК – ВІДОМИЙ ПЕДАГОГ, ВЧЕНИЙ, ЖУРНАЛІСТ, ГРОМАДСЬКИЙ ДІЯЧ." Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology 77, no. 3 (September 24, 2019): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2078-2357.19.3.12.
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September 15, 2019 marks 90th birthday of Kuzma Vekirchyk – Candidate of Biological Sciences, Professor, Honorary Member of the Ukrainian Society of Plant Physiologists, a member of the Society of Microbiologists of Ukraine and the National Union of Journalists of Ukraine, a famous scientist of plant physiologist and microbiologist, educator, participant of the Second World War, whose achievements occupy a worthy place among the national scientists, who through their scientific, pedagogical and social work made a significant contribution into the development of education and science, the independence of the Ukrainian state.
Kuzma Mykolaiovych Vekirchyk was born in the village of Zadubrivtsi, Sniatyn district, Ivano-Frankivsk region to the family of peasants.
He began his schooling, with a break from the misery of World War II, from the Zadubrivtsi Seven-Year School, which he finished in 1947 with honours. Throughout difficult post-war years, he went on to teach villagers the literacy. Then Kuzma Vekirchyk became a student of Sniatyn Agricultural College, graduated with honors in 1952 and entered the Biology Faculty of Chernivtsi University, graduating with honors in 1957 with a major in plant physiology.
After the university studies, he was promoted to the post of teacher of biology and chemistry at the secondary school of Zelena village, Kelmenetskyi district, Chernivtsi region, where he worked from 1957 to 1959.
In 1959, K. M. Vekirchyk continued his scientific career, entering postgraduate studies at the Department of Plant Physiology and Microbiology, Chernivtsi University. The young scientist got engaged in the studies of foliar nutrition of plants with microelements under the supervision of the famous Ukrainian professor of plant physiologist, G. X. Molotkovskiy.
After graduating from postgraduate studies in 1962, K. M. Vekirchyk was promoted to the post of a teacher, and from 1965 was re-elected to the post of a senior teacher of plant physiology and microbiology of the Department of Botany, Uman State Pedagogical Institute.
On November 1, 1965 he defended his dissertation «Influence of foliar feeding with microelements on physiological and biochemical processes, growth, development and yield of cabbage» and received a scientific degree of Candidate of Biological Sciences.
Since December 1966 he became the Assistant Professor of the Department of Agrobiology Faculty at the Ivano-Frankivsk Pedagogical Institute.
On September 12, 1967 he was selected for the post of a senior lecturer of the Department of Botany of Kremenets Pedagogical Institute. On July 9, 1968 he was re-elected associate professor of the Department of Botany and since January 1969 was granted a title of the Candidate of biological sciences.
In 1969 he became the associate professor of the Department of Botany of Ternopil Pedagogical Institute (after the relocation of the Kremenets Pedagogical Institute to the town of Ternopil).
In September 1987, for high achievements in the pedagogical and scientific fields, the publication of textbooks and books for students, he was elected to the post of professor of the Department of Botany, and on November 29, 1991 he was awarded the scientific title of professor.
While working at the Department of Botany in Ternopil, Kuzma Mykolaiovych studied the influence of trace elements and biologically active substances on the symbiotic fixation of nitrogen, growth, development and productivity of legumes. In 1997, he began publishing a series of articles on well-known teachers of higher education in Ternopil and amazing works of nature, in particular in the magazine «Osvityanyn» and the annual «Ternopillia». From 1996 to 2002, he was the Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the «Ukrainian Science: Past, Present, and Future».
Kuzma Vekirchyk is the author and co-author of over 360 scientific, educational, methodological and popular scientific articles. He is the author of textbooks and books: «Microbiology» (1973), «Microbiology: laboratory work» (1976), «Plant physiology: practicum» (1984), «Microbiology with the basics of virology» (1987, 2001), «Workshop on microbiology» (2001), «Poisonous Medicinal Plants: a handbook» (1999), programs in plant physiology, microbiology with the basics of virology for students of higher education institutions of Ukraine (1993), etc.
K. M. Vekirchyk spent his entire life conducting extensive public, educational and patriotic work. He was a sincere, intelligent, decent, humble, kind and selfless person.
K. M. Vekirchyk died on November 3, 2009 and rests in the native village of Zadubrivtsi, Sniatyn district, Ivano-Frankivsk region, near the chapel, which he restored at his own expense.
The memory of Kuzma Mykolaiovych as a man of high moral values, an outstanding scientist, teacher, journalist, public figure will forever remain in the hearts of his colleagues and students.
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Purseglove, J. W. "Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants: Recent Advances in Botany, Horticulture and Pharmacology. Vol. 2. Edited by L. E. Craker and J. E. Simon. Encanto, USA: Oryx Press (1987), pp. 225, £48.15." Experimental Agriculture 25, no. 1 (January 1989): 135–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700016537.
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Tashimbetova, A. B., A. K. Umbetova, Z. B. Halmenova, Y. S. Ikhsanov, M. I. Choudhary, Zh A. Abilov, and G. Sh Burasheva. "CHEMICAL STUDY OF LAVANDULA FERTILIZER." SERIES CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2, no. 440 (April 15, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1491.21.
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Genus Lavandula – specially grown as an aromatic and medicinal plant. In inflorescences, the content of essential oil is from 0.8 % to 2.6 %, in leaves up to 0.3 %. The main components of the essential oil are linalool (10-30 %) in the free state and its esters with acetic, butyric, valerianic, caproic acids (30-60 %), as well as geraniol, citral, borneolen, bisabolene, α-pinene and others. Currently, the plant is used as an ornamental, as a spice in cooking, as well as for medicinal purposes. In traditional medicine, flowers, leaves and branches of lavender are used. In Bulgaria, lavender is used as a means of calming the nervous system, relaxing baths and for skin diseases. In Germany, ointments are made from lavender petals. In Austria, lavender leaves are collected before flowering and are used as soothing and anti-inflammatory drugs. In Poland, in combination with a pharmacy chamomile flower, the flowers of a lavender plant are used in the healing of a fresh voice and bronchial disease. In France, an infusion of lavender flowers is used as an urolithic substance. The object of the study is raw materials L.angustifolia of individual collection at the experimental site of the laboratory of medicinal plants of the Institute of Phyto-Introduction and Botany at the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan of Almaty. The technology for producing a biologically active complex from the plant species under study has been developed by varying the nature of the extractant, its ratio with raw materials, time and extraction ratio. The optimal condition for obtaining a biologically active complex from a plant is: extractant – 50 % ethyl alcohol, the ratio of extractant to raw material – 1: 9, the time of double extraction – 72 hours, temperature – 25 ºC. The fractional composition of the aerial mass of L.angustifolia, which is represented by water-soluble and water-insoluble fractions, was studied. The article presents for the first time the data of a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the lipophilic components of the aerial mass of L.angustifolia, determined by gas-liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC / MS). Analyzes were carried out in a laboratory of chemistry of natural coefficients, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan, the structure and quantitative content of 16 compounds were established in the aerial mass of the plant L.angustifolia. The identification of the components was carried out by analogy with the known mass spectra of the samples embedded in the computer data bank and relative retention times. Quantitative determination of the composition of the analyzed mixture was carried out by the method of normalization by peak areas. Keywords: Lavandula (L. angustifolia), GC-MS, extraction, BAS, aerial parts.
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Pérez-Rubín, Juan Manuel. "Actividades botánicas en la Málaga ilustrada y noticias del jardín de plantas medicinales del ejército (1787-1887). Botanical activities in enlightenment Málaga and news about the military garden of medicinal plants (1787-1887)." Acta Botanica Malacitana 41 (December 1, 2016): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v41i0.2485.
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Español. Los esfuerzos pioneros de particulares por aclimatar en Málaga plantas exóticas en las últimas décadas del siglo XVIII fueron apoyados por el Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid y llevados a cabo por ilustrados como José García Sevilla, los hermanos Pedro y José Ortega Monroy, y José de Gálvez. Esas variadas experiencias coincidieron con el auge en el interés por las plantas medicinales autóctonas, la realización de inventarios en los bosques con especies maderables y la creación del jardín botánico del Ejército anejo a la Real Botica de la ciudad, ambos comprometidos con el suministro de medicamentos a las guarniciones militares nacionales en el norte de África.English. The pioneering efforts of private individuals to acclimatize exotic plants in Málaga (Spain) in the last decades of the 18th century were supported by the Royal Botanic Garden (‘Real Jardín Botánico’) of Madrid and carried out by people of the Enlightenment such as José García Sevilla, the brothers Pedro and José Ortega Monroy, and José de Gálvez. These varied experiences coincided with the boom in interest in indigenous medicinal plants, inventories in forests with timber species and the creation of the botanical garden of the Army annexed to the Royal Pharmacy (‘Real Botica’) of the city, both committed to the supply of medicines to the national military garrisons in North Africa.
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Pérez-Rubín, Juan Manuel. "Actividades botánicas en la Málaga ilustrada y noticias del jardín de plantas medicinales del ejército (1787-1887). Botanical activities in enlightenment Málaga and news about the military garden of medicinal plants (1787-1887)." Acta Botanica Malacitana 41 (May 25, 2017): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/actabotanicaabm.v41i0.2485.
Full textAbstract:
Español. Los esfuerzos pioneros de particulares por aclimatar en Málaga plantas exóticas en las últimas décadas del siglo XVIII fueron apoyados por el Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid y llevados a cabo por ilustrados como José García Sevilla, los hermanos Pedro y José Ortega Monroy, y José de Gálvez. Esas variadas experiencias coincidieron con el auge en el interés por las plantas medicinales autóctonas, la realización de inventarios en los bosques con especies maderables y la creación del jardín botánico del Ejército anejo a la Real Botica de la ciudad, ambos comprometidos con el suministro de medicamentos a las guarniciones militares nacionales en el norte de África.English. The pioneering efforts of private individuals to acclimatize exotic plants in Málaga (Spain) in the last decades of the 18th century were supported by the Royal Botanic Garden (‘Real Jardín Botánico’) of Madrid and carried out by people of the Enlightenment such as José García Sevilla, the brothers Pedro and José Ortega Monroy, and José de Gálvez. These varied experiences coincided with the boom in interest in indigenous medicinal plants, inventories in forests with timber species and the creation of the botanical garden of the Army annexed to the Royal Pharmacy (‘Real Botica’) of the city, both committed to the supply of medicines to the national military garrisons in North Africa.