Journal articles: 'Medicinal plants – Western Cape'

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Aston Philander, Lisa E., Nokwanda P. Makunga, and Karen J. Esler. "The Informal Trade of Medicinal Plants by Rastafari Bush Doctors in the Western Cape of South Africa." Economic Botany 68, no. 3 (September 2014): 303–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12231-014-9282-7.

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AMARI, Asmaa, Kadda HACHEM, and Maya M. HASSANI. "Ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants used to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ain Sekhouna, Saida, Algeria." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 13, no. 2 (June 7, 2021): 10961. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb13210961.

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Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common anthropozoonosis and a major public health problem in Algeria. Therefore, we conducted an ethnopharmacological survey in the locality of Ain Sekhouna (located in the highlands of western Algeria), one of the foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis. We aimed to identify the medicinal plants and natural remedies used by the local population to treatment cutaneous leishmaniasis. We identified three plant species, belonging to three distinct families, used as natural remedies against the disease, namely, Haloxylon scoparium Pomel (Chenopodiaceae, 73%), Artemisia herba-alba Asso. (Asteraceae, 18%), and Camellia sinensis L. (Theaceae, 9%). Additionally, 35% of the plant-based medicines mostly comprised the powdered form of the aerial parts of the plant. According to the respondents, the powder is combined with butter, cade oil, or honey and is applied exogenously on the skin. Overall, these medicinal plants can be used as a source of natural medicines, in combination with commonly used dermatological excipients, to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis.

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Davids, Denver, Diana Gibson, and Quinton Johnson. "Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used to manage High Blood Pressure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bitterfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 194 (December 2016): 755–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.063.

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Zonyane, Samkele, Olaniyi A. Fawole, Chris la Grange, Maria A. Stander, Umezuruike L. Opara, and Nokwanda P. Makunga. "The Implication of Chemotypic Variation on the Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Cancer Activities of Sutherlandia frutescens (L.) R.Br. (Fabaceae) from Different Geographic Locations." Antioxidants 9, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9020152.

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Extracts of Sutherlandia frutescens (cancer bush) exhibit considerable qualitative and quantitative chemical variability depending on their natural wild origins. The purpose of this study was thus to determine bioactivity of extracts from different regions using in vitro antioxidant and anti-cancer assays. Extracts of the species are complex and are predominantly composed of a species-specific set of triterpene saponins (cycloartanol glycosides), the sutherlandiosides, and flavonoids (quercetin and kaempferol glycosides), the sutherlandins. For the Folin-Ciocalteu phenolics test values of 93.311 to 125.330 mg GAE/g DE were obtained. The flavonoids ranged from 54.831 to 66.073 mg CE/g DE using the aluminum chloride assay. Extracts from different sites were also assayed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical scavenging method and ferric reducing anti-oxidant power (FRAP) methods. This was followed by an in vitro Cell Titer-Glo viability assay of various ecotypes using the DLD-1 colon cancer cell line. All test extracts displayed anti-oxidant activity through the DPPH• radical scavenging mechanism, with IC50 values ranging from 3.171 to 7.707 µg·mL−1. However, the degree of anti-oxidant effects differed on a chemotypic basis with coastal plants from Gansbaai and Pearly Beach (Western Cape) exhibiting superior activity whereas the Victoria West inland group from the Northern Cape, consistently showed the weakest anti-oxidant activity for both the DPPH• and FRAP methods. All extracts showed cytotoxicity on DLD-1 colon cancer cells at the test concentration of 200 µg·mL−1 but Sutherlandia plants from Colesburg (Northern Cape) exhibited the highest anti-cancer activity. These findings confirm that S. frutescens specimens display variability in their bioactive capacities based on their natural location, illustrating the importance of choosing relevant ecotypes for medicinal purposes.

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Malan, A. P., R. Knoetze, and H. J. Hugo. "First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica on Buchu (Agathosma betulina) in South Africa." Plant Disease 88, no. 5 (May 2004): 574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.5.574a.

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Agathosma betulina, commonly known as buchu, has been used for centuries by the indigenous people of South Africa for medicinal purposes. Currently, the essential oils from buchu are used in medicine, food flavorings, and aromatic oils. Increased exploitation of natural growing buchu in the Fynbos biome and a worldwide shortage of buchu oil encouraged commercial cultivation in South Africa. The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the most common plant-parasitic nematodes found on commercial crops grown in the Western Cape. It has also been isolated from the soil and roots of plants in the natural Fynbos vegetation (2). In June 2003, a nursery propagating buchu plants experienced problems with poor growth. Examination of the buchu roots under a stereo microscope showed extensive galling with large numbers of female root-knot nematodes with eggsacs. Nematode extractions of the soil were also done. Only second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne spp. (311 per 250 ml of soil) were recovered. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic method (1) was used for the identification of the root-knot nematode species. Ten intact females were dissected from the roots and individually placed directly in 5 μl drops of 1× PCR reaction buffer (16 mM [NH4]2SO4, 67 mM tris-HCL, pH 8.8, 0.1% vol/vol Tween 20) ontaining 60 μg/ml of proteinase K. The tube was kept at -80°C for a minimum of 10 min. The tube was incubated at 60°C for 15 min and 5 min at 95°C. The PCR amplifications were then prepared directly in the same tube. Amplified DNA fragments were digested with HinfI and DraI. The digested DNA was loaded on a 2% agarose gel, separated by electrophoresis, and detected by ethidium bromide staining. The digested amplified DNA fragments correspond to those of Meloidogyne javanica. Morphological characteristics were used to verify the PCR-based identification of the nematode. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. javanica causing extensive galling on the roots of Agathosma betulina. Visual damage to the roots indicates the root-knot nematode to be an important threat to the commercial cultivation of buchu. References: (1) R. Knoetze. Potential of the polymerase chain reaction for the identification of plant-parasitic nematodes. M.Sc. thesis. University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 1999. (2) A. J. Meyer, S. Afr. J. Enol. Vitic., 20:75, 1999.

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Scott, John K. "Biology and climatic requirements of Perapion antiquum (Coleoptera: Apionidae) in southern Africa: implications for the biological control of Emexspp. in Australia." Bulletin of Entomological Research 82, no. 3 (September 1992): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300041195.

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AbstractThe potential distribution of the South African weevil, Perapion antiquum (Gyllenhal), a biological control agent for the weeds Emex spp., was deter mined by the computer program CLIMEX, using its native distribution, phenology and abundance together with development parameters. The predicted distribution included parts of Hawaii where the weevil successfully controlled Emex australis and E. spinosa. In Australia, sites of past unsuccessful releases have climates that this analysis indicates are unsuitable for the insect. The most favourable regions for establishment of the weevil are near the coast in the southern half of Australia, but most of these do not overlap with regions where Emex spp. are a problem. In western Cape Province, South Africa, E. australis plants are abundant and the weevil attacks the plant after seeds have formed. In Hawaii, a fortuitous combination of climatic conditions favours the weevil during the period after seed germination, and this may be the key to its control of the weed. Sites with climatic conditions similar to successful control sites in Hawaii are not found in Australia. It was concluded that P. antiquum will be of limited use as a biological control agent in Australia even in areas suitable for its establishment.

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Cowling, Richard M., Caryl Logie, Joan Brady, Margie Middleton, and B. Adriaan Grobler. "Taxonomic, biological and geographical traits of species in a coastal dune flora in the southeastern Cape Floristic Region: regional and global comparisons." PeerJ 7 (July 31, 2019): e7336. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7336.

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In Mediterranean-Climate Ecosystems (MCEs), Holocene coastal dunes comprise small, fragmented and dynamic features which have nutritionally imbalanced and excessively drained, droughty, sandy soils. These characteristics, along with summer drought and salt-laden winds, pose many challenges for plant colonization and persistence. Consequently, MCE dune floras are likely to be distinctive with a high proportion of habitat specialists and strong convergence in growth form mixes. Very little research has compared the species traits of dune floras within and across MCEs. This paper contributes to filling that gap. Here, we analyze the taxonomic, biological and geographical traits for all 402 species in a flora from a dune landscape (Cape St Francis) in the southeastern Cape Floristic Region (CFR) and compare patterns with the trait profiles of other dune floras at a regional (CFR) and global (MCE) scale. Within the CFR, the southeastern (all-year-rainfall) flora at Cape St Francis had a similar trait profile to western (winter-rainfall) dune floras, except for having a lower representation of species belonging to CFR-endemic clades, and higher number of species associated with tropical lineages. The St Francis flora, in common with other CFR and MCE floras, was dominated by members of the Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae. Some 40% of the St Francis flora was endemic to the CFR, typical of the high rate of MCE-level endemism elsewhere in the CFR, and in other MCEs. About 30% of the flora was confined to calcareous sand, a value typical for many other MCE sites. The St Francis flora, as well as other CFR dune floras, differs from those of other MCEs by having many species associated with shrubby lineages, and by the relatively high incidence of species associated with tropical lineages. The growth form profile of the St Francis and other CFR floras shows strongest similarity with that of Australian MCE dunes in that in both regions, evergreen hemicryptophytes and shrubs share dominance, and annuals are floristically and ecologically subordinate. The least similar of MCEs to the St Francis trait profile is the Mediterranean Basin where annuals are the most frequent growth form while shrubs are subordinate. California and Chile dune floras appear to occupy an intermediate position, in terms of growth form mix, between the Cape and Australia on the one hand, where dune floras have retained features typical of nutrient-poor soils, and the Mediterranean Basin, where dwarf, deciduous shrubs and annuals dominate the life form spectrum. All MCE dunes are threatened by alien plants, infrastructure development, tourism demands and rising sea levels. The high incidence of species of conservation concern in CFR dune floras underestimates the exponentially increasing threats to their habitats, which are already historically at a much-reduced extent. All remaining coastal dune habitat in the CFR, and probably in other MCEs, should be conserved in their entirety.

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Makunga, N. P. "Altered metabolism in vitro of two aromatic medicinal Cape plants." South African Journal of Botany 75, no. 2 (April 2009): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2009.02.078.

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Santos, M. R. A., M. R. Lima, and C. L. L. G. Oliveira. "Medicinal plants used in Rondônia, Western Amazon, Brazil." Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais 16, no. 3 suppl 1 (2014): 707–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-084x/13_102.

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This study refers to the use of medicinal plants by populations in the Western Amazon and provides information that can be used in phytochemical studies. It draws upon the traditional knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants in five regions of the state of Rondônia, in the Brazilian Amazon, focusing on native species. The field research was carried out in five municipalities of the state of Rondônia: Ariquemes, Buritis, Candeias do Jamari, Cujubim and Itapoa do Oeste, characterized by primary economic sectors: agriculture, cattle farming, plant extraction and mineral exploration. Structured interviews were applied to 227 persons chosen because of their prestige in the communities in relation to the knowledge and use of medicinal plants, identifying the therapeutic purpose, parts of the plant used and methods of preparation. The species were taxonomically identified. The ethnobotanic knowledge (inferred by the number of uses of medicinal plants per person) was correlated with the Brazilian region of origin, age, and gender of the interviewees. According to the collected data, 34 botanical families and 53 native species were identified. Of the 53 species, only 7 occur exclusively in the Amazon Forest: Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) K. Schum., Psidium densicomum Mart. ex DC, Piper cavalcantei Yunck., Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf ex Wardlew., Euterpe oleracea Mart., Croton cajucara Benth., Baccharis altimontana G. Heiden. The most common disorders treated with the plants were kidney problems, influenza, generalized infections and inflammations, malaria and high blood pressure. Leaves were the most used parts in preparations. Barks, fruits, roots, flowers, stems, seeds, oils, buds, tubercles, and rhizomes were also mentioned. Thirteen forms of preparations were recorded, and infusion and decoction were the most used. Syrups, juices, flour, sap, oil and parts of the plant blended with milk, honey and coffee or flamed, macerated and in the form of poultice, were also found. Persons from the Southeast region had more information compared with persons from the other regions; persons in the age groups between 50-59, 60-69 and 70-79 had more information in comparison with the other age groups; and the female interviewees mentioned significantly more uses of medicinal plants than the male ones. The relatively small number of native Amazon species identified can be the result of the loss of knowledge about medicinal plants in the Amazon because of internal migration, extinction of local indigenous groups, increasing urbanization and consequent globalization of the lifestyles.

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Zahariev, Dimcho. "The medicinal plants of Chepan Mountain (Western Bulgaria)." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 2, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asn-2015-0004.

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Abstract Bulgaria is one of the European countries with the greatest biodiversity, including biodiversity of medicinal plants. The object of this study is Chepan Mountain. It is located in Western Bulgaria and it is part of Balkan Mountain. On the territory of the Chepan Mountain (only 80 km2) we found 344 species of medicinal plants from 237 genera and 83 families. The floristic analysis indicates, that the most of the families and the genera are represented by a small number of inferior taxa. The hemicryptophytes dominate among the life forms with 49.71%. The biological types are represented mainly by perennial herbaceous plants (60.47%). There are 7 types of floristic elements divided in 27 groups. The largest percentage of species are of the European type (58.43%). Among the medicinal plants, there are two Balkan endemic species and 18 relic species. We described 23 species with protection statute. The anthropophytes among the medicinal plants are 220 species (63.95%).

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Mallikarjuna Gowda, A. P., T. N. Ranjini, S. K. Peethambar, and Y. S. Praneeth. "Underutilized, yet potential medicinal plants of Western Ghats." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1241 (June 2019): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2019.1241.3.

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Makunga, N. P. "Metabolomic differentiation in wild and cultures populations of Cape medicinal plants." South African Journal of Botany 109 (March 2017): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2017.01.101.

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Lawal, I. O., D. S. Grierson, and A. J. Afolayan. "Phytotherapeutic Information on Plants Used for the Treatment of Tuberculosis in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/735423.

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The current rate of deforestation in Africa constitutes a serious danger to the future of medicinal plants on this continent. Conservation of these medicinal plants in the field and the scientific documentation of our knowledge about them are therefore crucial. An ethnobotanical survey of plants used for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) was carried out in selected areas of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. These areas were Hala, Ncera, Sheshegu, and Gquamashe, all within the Nkonkobe Municipality. One hundred informants were interviewed. The survey included the identification of scientific and vernacular names of the plants used for treatment of TB as well as the methods of preparation and administration, the part used, dosage, and duration of treatment. The survey revealed 30 plants belonging to 21 families which are commonly used by traditional healers for the treatment of TB and associated diseases. Of these plantsClausena anisata, Haemanthus albiflos,andArtemisia afrawere the most cited. The leaves were the most common part used in the medicinal preparations. Our findings are discussed in relation to the importance of the documentation of medicinal plants.

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Holdsworth, D., and K. Kerenga. "Medicinal Plants of the Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea." International Journal of Crude Drug Research 25, no. 3 (January 1987): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880208709060923.

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Samant, Shreekar Pant, Man Singh, Manohar Lal, Ashok Singh, Aman Sharma, and Sakshi Bhandari. "Medicinal plants in Himachal Pradesh, north western Himalaya, India." International Journal of Biodiversity Science & Management 3, no. 4 (December 2007): 234–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17451590709618177.

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Aipeisova, S. A., N. A. Utarbayeva, E. T. Kazkeev, and A. A. Maui. "Wild useful herbs of Aktobe Region (Western Kazakhstan)." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9, no. 3 (October 30, 2019): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2019_99.

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The article presents the results of long-term studies of useful plants of Aktobe region, located at the junction of Europe and Asia and therefore of special interest in the botanical-geographical aspect. Seven groups of useful plants were identified: forage, medicinal, food, honey, technical, decorative, and poisonous plants. According to our results, 876 species with certain properties are used by humans, accounting for 59.4% of the total number of flora species in the Aktobe region. We revealed that the following groups represent the largest number of species: medicinal plants-593 species (40.2%), forage plants -428 species (29.0%), ornamental plants -253 species of flora of the region or 17.2% of the total number of species, and the smallest group of poisonous plants -114 species. Some species like Agropyron cristatum, Bromopsis inermis, Eremopyrum orientale, Festuca valesiaca, Phleum phleoides, and Poa pratensis, are the most abundant in the Aktobe region. Agropyron cristatum and Secale sylvestre shoud have potential interest for breeding.

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DELAVEAU, P. "REGULATION ON MEDICINAL PLANTS AND HERBAL REMEDIES IN WESTERN EUROPE." Acta Horticulturae, no. 332 (August 1993): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1993.332.6.

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Zerabruk, S., and G. Yirga. "Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in Gindeberet district, Western Ethiopia." South African Journal of Botany 78 (January 2012): 165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2011.06.006.

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Nalini, Monnanda Somaiah, Ningaraju Sunayana, and Harischandra Sripathy Prakash. "Endophytic Fungal Diversity in Medicinal Plants of Western Ghats, India." International Journal of Biodiversity 2014 (May 11, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/494213.

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Endophytes constitute an important component of microbial diversity, and in the present investigation, seven plant species with rich ethnobotanical uses representing six families were analyzed for the presence of endophytic fungi from their natural habitats during monsoon (May/June) and winter (November/December) seasons of 2007. Fungal endophytes were isolated from healthy plant parts such as stem, root, rhizome, and inflorescence employing standard isolation methods. One thousand five hundred and twenty-nine fungal isolates were obtained from 5200 fragments. Stem fragments harbored more endophytes (80.37%) than roots (19.22%). 31 fungal taxa comprised of coelomycetes (65%), hyphomycetes (32%), and ascomycetes (3%). Fusarium, Acremonium, Colletotrichum, Chaetomium, Myrothecium, Phomopsis, and Pestalotiopsis spp. were commonly isolated. Diversity indices differed significantly between the seasons (P<0.001). Species richness was greater for monsoon isolations than winter. Host specificity was observed for few fungal endophytes. UPGMA cluster analysis grouped the endophytes into distinct clusters on the basis of genetic distance. This study is the first report on the diversity and host-specificity of endophytic fungal taxa were from the semi evergreen forest type in Talacauvery subcluster of Western Ghats.

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Shailasree, Sekhar, K. K. Sampathkumara, S. R. Niranjana, and H. S. Prakash. "Bioactive Potential of Medicinal Plants from Western Ghats Region, India." Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants 20, no. 3 (February 25, 2014): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10496475.2013.860070.

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Vedamurthy, Ankala Basappa, and Rohit Shankar Mane. "A New RoVe Method to Purify Endophytic Fungi from Medicinal Plants Western Ghats of Karnataka India." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 13, no. 4 (July 12, 2020): 5011–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.4.7.

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Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants were hardly ever reported as compared to those from soil and marine sources. The present results associate the presence of endophytic fungi in medicinal plants by isolating them from three medicinal plants i.e. Bombax ceiba, Aloe vera, and Ximenia americana. In the present research investigation, surface sterilization method and media were standardized, and 32 endophytic fungi were isolated from three medicinal plants. We assessed the competence of three different surface sterilization methods and four media for isolation of endophytic fungi. The RoVe method used was more effective in eliminating epiphytic microorganisms. Therefore by using new method we have isolated total of 32 fungal endophytes and those were belongs to Aspergillus nomius (63.20%), Aspergillus niger (41.60%), Thielaviopsis basicola (38.33%), Fusarium oxysporum (33.20%), Pestalotiopsis inflexa (27.20%), Nigrospora sphaerica (20%), Alternaria alternata (15.30%) and Phomopsis archeri (20%). This is the first report of successful isolation of endophytic fungi from the said medicinal plants, for using newly formulated surface sterilization method.

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Duguma, I. O., and M. A. Mesele. "Use and Management of Medicinal Plants by Indigenous People in Boji Dirmeji District, Western Ethiopia." Ghana Journal of Science 60, no. 1 (July 31, 2019): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gjs.v60i1.4.

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Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plants used by local people of Kondala Woreda was conducted from September 2016 to June 2017. The aim of the study was to collect, identify, describe, compile and document medicinal plant species used by the local people for the treatments of human and livestock ailments. A total of 49 informants from seven kebeles were selected. A total of 64 plant species were collected. Out of these, 78% of medicinal plant species were used as cure for human ailments, 12% of species for livestock and 10% of species for the treatment of both human and livestock. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves and roots. In the study area, there are threats to medicinal plants and firewood was ranked first by selected key informant followed by, agricultural expansion. Results indicated that Viciafaba is most effective in treating stomach ache while Cordia africana is used as multipurpose medicinal plants. Majority of the 64 medicinal plants that were cited by informants, (57.8%) were used to treat a specific ailment. Thus, the community should conserve and manage these medicinal plant species before they become extinct.

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Sagbo, Idowu Jonas, and Wilfred Otang-Mbeng. "Plants Used for the Traditional Management of Cancer in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa: A Review of Ethnobotanical Surveys, Ethnopharmacological Studies and Active Phytochemicals." Molecules 26, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 4639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154639.

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Cancer occurrence is rapidly increasing all over the world, including in developing countries. The current trend in cancer management requires the use of herbal remedies since the majority of anticancer drugs are known to be costly, with unwanted side effects. In the Eastern Cape province, the use of medicinal plants for cancer management has been climbing steadily over the past two decades due to their cultural belief, low cost, efficacy, and safety claims. With the aim of identifying some potential anticancer plants for probable drug development, this study was undertaken to review plants reported by ethnobotanical surveys in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa for the traditional management of cancer. Information regarding plants used for cancer management in the Eastern Cape province was obtained from multidisciplinary databases and ethnobotanical books. About 24 plant species belonging to twenty families have been reported to be used for the traditional management of cancer in the Eastern Cape province. Among the anticancer plant species, only 16 species have been explored scientifically for their anticancer activities. This review authenticated the use of anticancer plant species in the Eastern Cape province and, therefore, identified several promising unexplored species for further scientific evaluation.

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Henderson, L. "Invasive alien woody plants of the eastern Cape." Bothalia 22, no. 1 (October 14, 1992): 119–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v22i1.830.

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The frequency and abundance of invasive alien woody plants were recorded along roadsides and at watercourse crossings in 69.9% (151/216) of the quarter degree squares in the study area. The survey yielded 101 species of which the most prominent (in order of prominence) in roadside and veld habitats were: Opuntia ficus-indica, Acacia meamsii and A. cyclops. The most prominent species (in order of prominence) in streambank habitats were: A. meamsii, Populus x canescens, Salix babylonica and S. fragilis (fide R.D. Meikle).The greatest intensity of invasion was recorded in the wetter eastern parts and particularly in the vicinity of Port Elizabeth. Uitenhage, East London, Grahamstown, Hogsback and Stutterheim. There was relatively little invasion in the central and western dry interior except along watercourses.

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, Dr. Shefali Jain, Dr Tripti Yadav, Dr Ashish Kumar Mangal Bhai Patel. "Tribal Medicinal Plants Specifically Of Rajasthan." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 6, no. 7 (July 31, 2020): 140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst060722.

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Around seven percent of tribal population of India lives in Rajasthan. Ethnobotany can be defined as the total natural and traditional relationship and the interactions between man and his surrounding plant wealth from times immemorial, due to sheer, necessity, intuition, observation and experimentation. Ethnobotany of India might is among the earliest in the world and all traditional systems of medicine had their roots in ethnobotany. Rajasthan has rich cultural diversity and biodiversity. The world health organization (WHO) has recently recognized the importance of traditional medicinal system in different parts of globe and around 4000 plant spp. have been identified which are used in traditional herbal medicinal system . However, proper identification of these crude drugs in Botanical terms has not been carried out or still remains disputed as different authors ascribed different plants source to various crude drugs (Sanghi and Kumar, 2000). More over several difficult diseases have problem related with vitality, diabetes, memory loss, could be cured effectively by use of herbal medicine, which is generally not possible by the Allopathic medicines. However, there is no systematic documentation of this information. Medicinal plants are distributed across diverse habitats and landscape. Around 70 per cent of India’s medicinal plants are found in tropical areas. Mostly in the various forest types spread across the Western and Eastern ghats, the Vindyas, Chota Nagpur Plateau, Aravallis and Himalayas.

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Otieno, Nickson Erick, and Caleb Analo. "Local indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants in and around Kakamega forest in western Kenya." F1000Research 1 (October 31, 2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.1-40.v1.

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Kakamega forest is Kenya’s only rainforest and is distinguishably rich in biodiversity but threatened by agricultural encroachment and other forms of human activity. It is also one of Kenya’s Important Bird Areas and a significant source of natural products to neighboring rural communities, such as medicinal plants, food, wood and other fibers. By using structured questionnaires for direct interviews, local indigenous knowledge was tapped through involvement of a focal group of elderly key informants in three blocks of the forest. Forty key species of medicinal plants used by local people were identified and recorded. Fifty-five percent of these were shrubs, thirty-two percent trees, seven-and-a-half percent lower plants such as herbs or forbs while five percent were climbers. About seventy percent of the medicinal plants occurred inside the forest itself and thirty percent around the edge and the immediate surroundings outside the forest. Thirty-eight (95%) of the plants were indigenous to Kenya and two (5%) exotic. Such extensive indigenous knowledge of the medicinal uses of the plants, including their distribution trends in the forest, may be tapped for decision support in rural health service planning, policy formulation for conserving the forest, tracking and mitigation of climate change impacts.

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Mbuni, Yuvenalis M., Shengwei Wang, Brian N. Mwangi, Ndungu J. Mbari, Paul M. Musili, Nyamolo O. Walter, Guangwan Hu, Yadong Zhou, and Qingfeng Wang. "Medicinal Plants and Their Traditional Uses in Local Communities around Cherangani Hills, Western Kenya." Plants 9, no. 3 (March 5, 2020): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030331.

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Medicinal plants are vital sources of easily accessible remedy used in the countryside healthcare system. This study aimed to find and make record of plants that are used for medicinal therapy by three communities living in Cherangani Hills. So far no single study has documented medicinal plants as a whole in the area. Ethnobotanical data were obtained through interviewing informants using semi-structured questionnaires and extracting information from journals and books. Descriptive statistical analysis was applied to describe the data. Overall 296 plant species from 80 families and 191 genera were identified. Asteraceae family was the most dominant, representing 10.7% of the total plant species recorded. Roots (35.9%) represented the most commonly used parts of the plant. The commonly used method of preparation was decoction (54.9%). The reported diseases were classified into 14 diverse ailment groups out of the 81 health conditions on their underlying user reports. Rural communities in Cherangani Hills are rich sources of plants with medicinal properties. Therapeutic uses of the compiled plants provide basic information that can aid scientists to conduct additional research dedicated to conservation of species and pharmacological studies of species with the greatest significance.

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P, Vijayashalini, and Abirami P. "DIVERSITY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN ERATTI HILL, THAMARAIKARAI BEAT OF BARGUR RESERVE FOREST, WESTERN GHATS IN ERODE DISTRICT, TAMILNADU, INDIA." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 10 (October 7, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i10.27905.

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Objective: This study was planned to document the medicinal plants in Eratti hill.Methods: The medicinal plants were collected during their flowering period from July to September. Voucher specimens of all medicinally valuable plants were collected, poisoned, dried, and mounted with voucher number following the conventional methods.Results: Survey of medicinal plants wealth of Eratti hill, Bargur reserve forest, Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India, was carried out during 2016– 2018. 295 medicinal plant species belonging to 66 families were documented. Of these, the highest number of species belongs to the families were Asteraceae, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae, Lamiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Malvaceae, Mimosaceae, and Apocynaceae. Herbs held the dominant position followed by shrubs, trees, climbers, and epiphytes. The medicinal plants were used to treat various ailments such as skin diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, fever, colic pain, biliousness, wounds eczema, cardiac disorders, and eye diseases used by the Solagars, Lingayats, and Malayali tribals in the hill.Conclusion: Medicinal plants in Eratti hill play a significant role in primary health care of the ethnic people. This study provides knowledge about herbal treatment of the ethnic people and subsequent pharmacognostical and pharmacological investigations should be made to confirm their mode of preparations.

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Efferth, Thomas, Gladys Alexie, Kai Andersch, and Mita Banerjee. "First Nations Healing: From Traditional Medicine to Experimental Ethnopharmacology." Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 68, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2020-0017.

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AbstractFocusing on First Nations traditional medicine, we investigated whether traditional knowledge of medicinal plants can be validated by modern scientific methods of molecular and cellular pharmacology and whether this information is of value for improving current therapy options. Based on two projects on medicinal plants of the Gwich’in – a First Nations group on the Canadian North West Coast – we found that extracts from several plants traditionally used medically were able to kill tumor cells, including otherwise multidrug-resistant cells. Investigating medicinal plants from Indigenous communities raises questions about ownership, appropriation, and commercial use. At the same time, because of the intricacies of patent law, publishing scientific investigations on medicinal herbs represents an effective way to prevent biopiracy. Therefore, research cooperation between industrialized and developing countries, and between Western and non-Western knowledge systems will facilitate ethically sound ethnopharmacological research and merge a diversity of competencies and knowledges.

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Tadesse, Begashawu, Tariku Yinebeb, and Bacha Ketema. "Antibacterial activity of selected medicinal plants used in South-western Ethiopia." African Journal of Microbiology Research 10, no. 46 (December 14, 2016): 1961–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/ajmr2016.8328.

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Vaghasiya, Y., R. Dave, and S. Chanda. "Phytochemical Analysis of Some Medicinal Plants from Western Region of India." Research Journal of Medicinal Plant 5, no. 5 (May 1, 2011): 567–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/rjmp.2011.567.576.

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Pyakurel, Dipesh, Indira Bhattarai Sharma, and Suresh Kumar Ghimire. "Trade and conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants in western Nepal." Botanica Orientalis: Journal of Plant Science 11 (September 7, 2018): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/botor.v11i0.21029.

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This paper quantifies the volume and value of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) traded from Baitadi district in western Nepal. Information related to trade, in the Fiscal Year 2014/015, was collected through pre-tested structured questionnaire. Harvesters (n = 24) and the entire population of sub-local (n = 35) and local (n = 7) traders were interviewed to quantify the value and volume of MAP trade from the district. Results showed that 15.2% households were engaged in harvesting of MAPs for trade, contributing 9.5% of the total cash income giving an impression that MAPs provide supplementary source of income. A total of 731.5 tons of MAPs, comprising 17 products (from 17 species) with total value of NRs 31.3 million (US$ 315,175) was traded from the district. Rittha (Sapindus mukorossi), tejpat (Cinnamomum tamala) and pakhanved (Bergenia ciliata) were traded in higher amounts, representing 356.5, 171.0 and 70.0 tons, respectively. The cumulative value of trade was highest for satuwa (Paris polyphylla) with NRs 7.7 million. Nepalgunj is the favoured ‘transit’ city for the export of MAPs to India accounting for more than 82% of MAPs sourced from Baitadi. Satuwa has been identified as the most vulnerable species mainly due to premature and over-harvesting in response to high price and growing regional demand coupled with slow growth and high habitat specificity that may results in impaired population growth, thus demanding a detailed bio-physical studies. The study finds that strict regulatory mechanism like ban proves to be less effective in species conservation and suggest adopting alternative management strategies.Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2017) 11: 27–37

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Shailasree, Sekhar, Karmakar Ruma, Ramachandra Kini, Siddapura Ramachandrappa, and Harischandra Sripathy. "Potential anti-inflammatory bioactives from medicinal plants of Western Ghats, India." Pharmacognosy Communications 2, no. 2 (April 19, 2012): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5530/pc.2012.2.2.

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Kamatenesi-Mugisha, Maud, and Hannington Oryem-Origa. "Medicinal plants used in some gynaecological morbidity ailments in western Uganda." African Journal of Ecology 45, s1 (March 2007): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2028.2007.00735.x.

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Kamatenesi-Mugisha, Maud, and Hannington Oryem-Origa. "Medicinal plants used to induce labour during childbirth in western Uganda." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 109, no. 1 (January 2007): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.06.011.

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Olabanji, S. O., O. R. Omobuwajo, D. Ceccato, M. C. Buoso, M. De Poli, and G. Moschini. "Analysis of some medicinal plants in South-western Nigeria using PIXE." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 270, no. 3 (December 2006): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10967-006-0457-2.

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Odongo, Elizabeth, Nelly Mungai, Peggoty Mutai, Esther Karumi, Julius Mwangi, and Joseph Omale. "Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used in Kakamega County, western Kenya." Applied Medical Research 4, no. 1 (2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/amr.20180315095706.

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Otieno, Nickson Erick, and Caleb Analo. "Local indigenous knowledge about some medicinal plants in and around Kakamega forest in western Kenya." F1000Research 1 (December 13, 2012): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.1-40.v2.

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Kakamega forest is Kenya’s only rainforest and is distinguishably rich in biodiversity but threatened by agricultural encroachment and other forms of human activity. It is also one of Kenya’s Important Bird Areas and a significant source of natural products to neighboring rural communities, such as medicinal plants, food, wood and other fibers. By using structured questionnaires for direct interviews, local indigenous knowledge was tapped through involvement of a focal group of elderly key informants in three blocks of the forest. Forty key species of medicinal plants used by local people were identified and recorded. Fifty-five percent of these were shrubs, thirty-two percent trees, seven-and-a-half percent lower plants such as herbs or forbs while five percent were climbers. About seventy percent of the medicinal plants occurred inside the forest itself and thirty percent around the edge and the immediate surroundings outside the forest. Thirty-eight (95%) of the plants were indigenous to Kenya and two (5%) exotic. Such extensive indigenous knowledge of the medicinal uses of the plants, including their distribution trends in the forest, may be tapped for decision support in rural health service planning, policy formulation for conserving the forest, tracking and mitigation of climate change impacts.

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Kirejtshuk, A. G., A. H. Kirk-Spriggs, and P. Audisio. "The Meligethes of the M. pubescens species-group from Southern Africa (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae, Meligethinae)." Insect Systematics & Evolution 29, no. 2 (1998): 169–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187631298x00276.

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AbstractThe known Southern African species of the pubescens species-group in the genus Meligethes Stephens, 1830, are revised. A diagnosis of the M. pubescens species-group is given and eight new species are described from South Africa, Namibia and Botswana: M. argentarius sp. n. (Eastern Cape Province, Kwa-Zulu Natal), M. aurivestis sp. n. (Western Cape Province), M. eremita sp. n. (Namibia, Northern Cape), M. hermanniae sp. n. (Western Cape Province), M. massivus sp. n. (Northern Transvaal), M. namakwaensis sp. n. (Namaqualand, Western Cape Province, and southern Namibia), M. pecten sp. n. (Western Cape Province, Free State), and M. rufofuscus sp. n. (Namibia, Botswana, and northern South Africa). Redescriptions and line drawings of male and female genitalia, legs and habitus of M. pubescens Reitter, 1872, M. translatus Grouvelle, 1913, M. confertus Reitter, 1872, M. plumbeus Reitter, 1872, M. fuerschi Spornraft & Audisio, 1995 (= M. antlia Kirejtshuk, 1996, syn. n.), M. marshalli Grouvelle, 1915, and ecological data on most of the species dealt with (all probably using Sterculiaceae of the genus Hermannia as larval host-plants) are also included.

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Tamizharasi, M., R. Rajila, D. Beula Shiny, J. Vijila Jasmin, and T. Kumaran. "Bioactive Natural Medicinal Plants in South Indian Western Ghats and Their Pharmacological Importance." Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine 6, no. 2 (August 13, 2020): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51152/jbarbiomed.v6i2.11.

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Awareness of traditional knowledge and medicinal plants can play a key role in the utilization and discovery of natural plant resources. Plants became the basis of medicine system throughout the world for thousands of years and continue to provide mankind with new remedies. Researchers generally agree that natural products from plants and other organisms have been the most consistently successful source for ideas for new drugs. The world health organization estimates that 80% of the population living in the developing countries relies exclusively on traditional medicine for their primary health care. More than half of the world's population still relies entirely on plants for medicines, and plants supply the active ingredients of most traditional medical products. The review shows the south Indian medicinal plant products has been used by people to treat various health ailments.

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Maruzy, Anshary, and Rohmat Mujahid. "Conservation Status of Medicinal Plants from Papua and West Papua Province (Indonesia)." Media Konservasi 24, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/medkon.24.2.114-123.

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Research on Medicinal Plants and Jamu (RISTOJA) in of Papua and West Papua provinces was conducted in November-December 2012 and May 2017 using the purposive sampling and snowball method. The purpose of the review in this paper is to find out the patterns and trends in species used, and to discuss the factors that cause the vulnerability of declining plant species due to harvest pressure. In this paper, RISTOJA’s data is primary data and a review of the data is carried out by searching literature online and offline. From the results of RISTOJA in Papua and West Papua (Western New Guinea) in 2012 and 2017, there were 2929 numbers of medicinal plants, and it is estimated that from the 2929 numbers there were 983 species of medicinal plants, and from the estimated 983 species of medicinal plants there were 444 species of medicinal plants not yet identified, because most species do not have generative parts and there are 529 medicinal plants identified to species level (2.1% of the total flora of Papua and West Papua). From these data, one species of medicinal plants was included in the category of Critically Endangered (0.19%), two species of Endangered (0.38%), and four species of Vulnerable (0.76%), two species Near Threatened (0.38%), 61 species of Least Concern (11.53%), six species of Data Deficient (DD). Threatened status is more commonly found in species recorded as harvested by traditional healer not from gardens (forests and others). Thus, the continuous exploitation of harvests from the forest and the wildlife can lead to an increase in the future Red List status of some species which are at risk threatened condition. Keywords: IUCN, medicinal plants, Papua, RISTOJA, Western Papua

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Santos, Sidney Mariano dos, Kamilla Felipe do Nascimento, Zefa Valdevina Pereira, Josimo Diego Bazanella Line, Pedro Cruz de Oliveira Junior, Janaine Alberto Marangoni, Maria do Carmo Vieira, Rosilda Mara Mussury Franco Silva, and Anelise Samara Nazari Formagio. "The Ethnopharmacological Literature: An Analysis of the Scientific Landscape in the Cerrado in Central-Western Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 12, no. 11 (October 15, 2020): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v12n11p307.

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Research on pharmacology and phytochemistry originating from medicinal plants has resulted in various publications highlighting the Cerrado in central-western Brazil, which has a remarkable diversity of plant species. The reserve area selected was the Cerrado stricto sensu settlement “17 April”, Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Brazil. However, no ethnopharmacological review focusing on the plants present in the reserve area exists, even though the consumption of medicinal plants is a widespread practice. The aims of this study were to 1) survey and document the medicinal plants present in the reserve area; 2) provide an overview of recent ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological studies of these species; and 3) provide insight for future studies. A literature search was conducted, and relevant information was collected from authentic resources using databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus, as well as peer reviewed articles, books and theses. Eighty-nine species belonging to 39 different families were found; the most abundant were Fabaceae (n = 13), Myrtaceae (n = 7), Rubiaceae (n = 7) and Bignoniaceae (n = 5). In terms of it empirical use, the most utilized parts were leaves (41%), bark (22%) and roots (15%). The most widespread traditional use, according to the literature review of the following plants involves the treatment of gastro-intestinal system diseases (41 spp). Chemical studies reported a high presence of terpene, phenol, and alkaloid classes. Only three are listed in the RENISUS: Casearia sylvestris, Copaifera langsdorffii and Stryphnodendron adstringens. This study demonstrated a large number of medicinal plants in an area of the Cerrado in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Noting the importance of biodiversity for the development of new pharmacological approaches, many studies prove the empirical use of medicinal plants.

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Napagoda, Mayuri Tharanga, Thamudi Sundarapperuma, Diroshi Fonseka, Sachinthi Amarasiri, and Prabath Gunaratna. "An Ethnobotanical Study of the Medicinal Plants Used as Anti-Inflammatory Remedies in Gampaha District, Western Province, Sri Lanka." Scientifica 2018 (June 3, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9395052.

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The application of traditional medicinal plants as anti-inflammatory remedies has been practiced in Sri Lanka for thousands of years. Although there is a rich reserve of indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants, the preservation and the scientific validation of these claims are still in its infancy. Thus, the study was carried out in one of the administrative areas of Sri Lanka known as Gampaha District to assess the significance and contribution of medicinal plants in inflammatory conditions. The data were collected through semistructured and open-ended interviews from 458 volunteers. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using the relative frequency of citation (RFC), family importance value (FIV), and use value (UV). Out of the total participants, 50.7% claimed the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of inflammatory conditions such as fever, cough, asthma, swellings, and pain in the joints. A total of 43 medicinal plants belonging to 28 plant families were mentioned, out of which Coriandrum sativum (RFC = 0.23) was the most cited species. The most cited plant family was Fabaceae, and the family importance value was highest in Apiaceae. The majority of the nonusers of the herbal remedies mentioned that they would shift to herbal products if scientific information is available on the efficacy of these products.

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C.M, Ganesan, Manigandan A, and Thirumaran G. "ETHNOMEDICINAL APPROACHES FOR TREATING VARIOUS DISEASE BY IRULA TRIBALS, KONBANUR VILLAGE, ANAIKATTI HILLS,THE WESTERN GHATS, COIMBATORE DISTRICT." Kongunadu Research Journal 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj97.

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Ethno-medicine means the medical practices for the treatment of ethnic or aborigine people for their health care needs. Indigenous traditional Knowledge is an integral part of the culture and history of a local community. It is evolved through years of regular experimentation on the day to day life and available resources surrounded by the community. The present paper documented 85 ethno-medicinal plants of Konbanur village, Anaikatti, Coimbatore district, the Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu belonging to 48 families were used by the Irula tribals for various diseases and food. The conventional ethno medicinal plants were mostly used for different inflammation, cough and cold, leucoderma, different skin diseases, ulcers and leprosy. The medicinal plants used by the Irula tribal traditional users of Konbanur village, Anaikatty hills are arranged alphabetically followed by botanical name, family, local name and medicinal uses

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Odeyemi, Samuel, and Graeme Bradley. "Medicinal Plants Used for the Traditional Management of Diabetes in the Eastern Cape, South Africa: Pharmacology and Toxicology." Molecules 23, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 2759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112759.

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The use of medicinal plants for the management of diabetes mellitus is on the rise in the developing countries, including South Africa. There is increasing scientific evidence that supports the claims by the traditional healers. In this review, we compare the families of previously reported anti-diabetic plants in the Eastern Cape by rating the anti-diabetic activity, mode of action and also highlight their therapeutic potentials based on the available evidence on their pharmacology and toxicity. Forty-five plants mentioned in ethnobotanical surveys were subjected to a comprehensive literature search in the available electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Elsevier, by using “plant name” and “family” as the keywords for the primary searches to determine the plants that have been scientifically investigated for anti-diabetic activity. The search returned 25 families with Asteraceae highly reported, followed by Asphodelaceae and Alliaceae. Most of the plants have been studied for their anti-diabetic potentials in vivo and/or in vitro, with most of the plants having a higher percentage of insulin release and inhibition against carbohydrate digesting enzymes as compared with insulin mimetic and peripheral glucose uptake. Almost all the investigated plants also inhibit oxidative stress as part of their hypoglycemic activity with less toxicity. However, the isolation of their bioactive molecules is still lacking. This review provides a resource to enable thorough assessments of the therapeutic profiles of available medicinal plants used for the management of diabetes in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Further studies such as the identification of the active ingredients of potent plants still need to be carried out; this may lead to new molecules in drug discovery and development.

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Thibane, V. S., H. A. Abdelgadir, J. F. Finnie, A. R. Ndhlala, and J. Van Staden. "Analytical studies of medicinal plants from the Eastern Cape Province used for beauty and healthcare." South African Journal of Botany 103 (March 2016): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2016.02.178.

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Balakrishnan, N., A. Balasubaramaniam, B. Sangameswaran, and VH Bhaskar. "Hepatoprotective activity of two Indian medicinal plants from Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu." Journal of Natural Pharmaceuticals 2, no. 2 (2011): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2229-5119.83963.

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Noumi, E., and T. W. Dibakto. "Medicinal plants used for peptic ulcer in the Bangangte region, western Cameroon." Fitoterapia 71, no. 4 (August 2000): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0367-326x(00)00144-1.

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Pradhan, Suman Prakash, Kapil Adhikari, Saroj Nepal, and Bishnu Prasad Pandey. "Determination of Sun Protective Factor of Selected Medicinal Plants from Western Nepal." Journal of Nepal Chemical Society 41, no. 1 (August 5, 2020): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v41i1.30487.

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Plant extracts contain active ingredients that can absorb, reflect or scatter the sunlight, depending on their nature. The effectiveness of plant extracts as a skin protective agent can be determined by measuring the sun protection factor (SPF). The main aim of this study was to investigate the potential of selected medicinal plant extracts as a component in sunscreen production in modern cosmetics. The absolute methanol extract of six medicinal plants namely; Asparagus racemosus, Bergenia pacumbis, Melia azedarach, Murraya koenigii, Pleurospermum benthamii, and Thymus linearis were examined in-vitro for their sun protective ability by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry method with the application of Mansur equation. Our results revealed that most of the plant extracts possess prodigious SPF values as compared with commercial sunscreen. The greatest SPF value was found in P. benthamii (34.97±0.25), T. linearis (24.98±0.60), and B. pacumbis (24.02±0.15). These results show that these plant extracts can act as a very good antisolar agent.

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Badami, S., and K. P. Channabasavaraj. "In Vitro. Antioxidant Activity of Thirteen Medicinal Plants of India's Western Ghats." Pharmaceutical Biology 45, no. 5 (January 2007): 392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880200701215141.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Medicinal plants – Western Cape'

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