Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medicine and Philosophy

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Medicine and Philosophy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Medicine and Philosophy"

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Engelhardt, H. T. "From Philosophy and Medicine to Philosophy of Medicine." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 11, no. 1 (February 1, 1986): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/11.1.3.

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Radu, Mirela. "Medicine versus philosophy." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 120, no. 2 (August 2, 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2017.120.2.5.

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The ancient Greek medicine was based on the principle that philosophy influences all natural sciences as a whole. The doctor had, first of all, a humanistic formation followed by study of applied sciences specific to medicine. If humanism is purely theoretical, medicine is an applied science and the two-philosophy and medical knowledge, despite the apparent antinomy are able to create a union to the benefit of humanity. Medicine is the art of treating patients, identifying diseases and malady prevention. In its endeavor, medicine is based on the findings of numerous other fields such as physics, chemistry, anatomy, physiology, etc. Philosophy, on the other hand, can be defined as an attempt to understand human life as a whole. It is inevitable that the two ways of dealing with human beings to have influenced each other and the history of mankind. Both forms of knowledge have a major impact and influence on the world. Philosophy, understood in its older meaning, urged towards the prophylaxis and treatment of diseases of the soul whereas medicine, relying on philosophical teachings is aimed at healing the body and study its psychosomatic features.
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Engelhardt, K. "Philosophy and medicine." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 130, no. 51/52 (2005): 2967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-923337.

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Demetriades, Andreas K., and Christina K. Demetriades. "Philosophy in Medicine." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 96, no. 4 (April 2003): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107680309600424.

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Pierce, M. "Philosophy of Medicine." Journal of Medical Ethics 13, no. 4 (December 1, 1987): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.13.4.215.

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Demetriades, A. K., and C. K. Demetriades. "Philosophy in medicine." JRSM 96, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.96.4.207.

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Weatherall, D. J. "Philosophy for Medicine." JRSM 97, no. 8 (July 30, 2004): 403–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jrsm.97.8.403.

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Holubar, Karl. "“Philosophy” in Medicine." Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift 115, no. 7-8 (April 2003): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03040328.

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Harvey, John Collins. "Philosophy of Medicine." JAMA 308, no. 19 (November 21, 2012): 2038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.308.19.2038-b.

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Suprun, A. G., and S. O. Markova. "Philosophy and medicine: prospects of mutual development." Humanitarian studios: pedagogics, psychology, philosophy 11, no. 2 (September 3, 2020): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31548/hspedagog2020.02.059.

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The relationship between philosophy and medicine remains relevant at all times. The common object of their study is a living being. Philosophy is the methodological foundation for acquiring medical knowledge. Joint research and interdisciplinary links between philosophy and medicine lead to effective cooperation in solving eternal pressing problems – the survival of mankind on earth and the achievement of high-quality life of the individual. It is in resolving this issue that they have joined forces. It is noted that modern scientific medicine is a complex of disciplines of exclusively natural profile, although medicine itself has a humanistic character. The object of its study is a person who cannot be imagined and known outside of cultural and spiritual contexts. Anthropological issues are a unifying component between philosophy and medicine. It has been established that a great risk for modern medicine is the devaluation of humanitarian influence, which is currently considered unnecessary by physicians. In this regard, the medical system and medical professionalism itself are under threat. It is also important to preserve the art of medicine, to educate a philosopher who could heal the bod, feeling the soul.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medicine and Philosophy"

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Robert, Dominique 1950. "Humane bioethics : medicine, philosophy, religion and law." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31531.

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This thesis is about the content and concerns of each of four disciplines pertaining to the field of bioethics: medicine, philosophy, religion and law. Emphasis is put on the human values each reflects in patients' lives. A last chapter is dedicated to patients' narrative in order to bring a practical perspective to the discussions of the previous chapters. The four essential human values interconnecting among the four disciplines are: the patients' need for authority, the need for protection, the existential questioning about the meaning of life, and the fear of death.
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Patel, Kavita. "AYURVEDA: A STUDY OF EASTERN PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1210169950.

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Kassell, Lauren. "Simon Forman's philosophy of medicine : medicine, astrology and alchemy in London, c.1580-1611." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270851.

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Tuminello, III Joseph Anthony. "The Food-Drug Relationship in Health and Medicine." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505266/.

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In this dissertation, I apply Gadamerian philosophical hermeneutics to examine interpretations of the food-drug relationship within the contexts of health and medicine. Assumptions regarding the relationship between these categories undergird a substantial academic discourse and function as key components in worldviews beyond the academy. Despite this, little work has been done in foregrounding them to allow for critique and consideration of alternative perspectives. Unearthing philosophical assumptions within various fields, epistemic systems, and regulatory bodies, I classify food-drug interpretations into two main categories: dichotomous interpretations of the categories of "food" and "drugs" as ontologically distinct, and continuum-based interpretations where these categories overlap. Rather than arguing for a single appropriate way of understanding the food-drug relationship, my project aims to disclose the complexities of both sets of interpretations, illustrating their virtues and vices, and underscoring the need for people to call their own interpretations into question while taking seriously those of others. The dialogical structure of philosophical hermeneutics provides a useful foundation for dialogue within and between dichotomous and continuum-based interpretations. We do not have unmediated access to a mind-independent reality, the terms "food" and "drugs" do not necessarily refer to natural kinds, and all interpretations likely have different degrees of strengths and blind spots. Food-drug interpretations are bound up with larger worldviews, holistic systems that generate meaning for their adherents. Granting this, conversation partners can seek to gain a clearer picture of differing interpretations, what they can learn from these interpretations, and how they can interrogate their own interpretive modes.
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Chatfield, Kate. "Traditional and complementary medicine : analysing ethical challenges." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2016. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/16600/.

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The use of traditional and complementary medicines (T&CMs) is both ubiquitous in low and middle income countries and highly contested in some sections of high income countries. Whilst T&CMs are promoted as an accessible and affordable health care system by high level health policy makers (for example, the Director General of the World Health Organization), their use is simultaneously indicted as a waste of resources, non-scientific, and unethical. The aim of this thesis is to provide a calm, considered and well researched view on a highly emotional topic: What is the nature of the ethical challenges for the use and practice of TCMs and how might they be addressed? The methodology chosen for the ambitious topic of this thesis is the Ethical Matrix as developed by Ben Mepham in the UK in the 1990s. It is founded upon a principlist approach to ethical analysis and has been used widely in decision-making for new technologies. It requires the consideration of interests of stakeholders including, but also beyond, human beings. For the purpose of this thesis four groups were selected: human users of T&CM, the environment, animals, and low and middle income countries (LMICs). Ethical analysis reveals that: • Most ethical concerns associated with T&CMs are related to safety issues for human users; • there are also serious concerns about the way in which animals are routinely harmed through use in T&CM products and T&CM research; • the production and use of some T&CMs does have damaging impacts upon the environment and, • the ethical challenges associated with the use of T&CM in LMICs are different from those in high income countries. Based on the analysis, the thesis provides clear steps to be taken to reduce the potential for harm from both adverse drug reactions and adverse events for humans as well as recommendations to reduce the harm to animals and the environment from use of T&CMs.
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Salim, Muhammad Omar. "Middle Eastern Philosophy and Approach to Medicine and Patient Care." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146651.

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The nature of physiology and medicine in Middle Eastern society is an integral aspect of modern medicine. Especially in American society today, it is easy to prescribe to linear characterizations of the practice of healing and treatment without analyzing how these methods came to be, or if there are alternative, more efficient means. At the very least, medical philosophy of the Middle East should be thoroughly analyzed as to increase awareness and benefit those seeking an alternate view of medicine. From a physician or caretaker's standpoint, it is critical to research this topic so one can tactfully aid and maximize the efficacy of the healing process of a member of this society, respectful of custom and religion, avoiding taboo or approaches in a counteractive manner. This paper's purpose is to elucidate and analyze the easterner's mindset and mental framework on how healing is viewed, primarily through religious and cultural lenses. Case studies and current topics of debate will be reported on issues where physiological advancements have created phenomenas unique to this society, bringing a greater understanding of how adherent easterners are of certain values and how advancements in society push adaptation and modernization. Overall, this thesis will bridge the understanding of the Middle Eastern convention of medicine, contributing to more effective interaction, discourse, and positivity between diverse cultures in an ever-globalizing society.
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Blunt, Christopher. "Hierarchies of evidence in evidence-based medicine." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3284/.

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Hierarchies of evidence are an important and influential tool for appraising evidence in medicine. In recent years, hierarchies have been formally adopted by organizations including the Cochrane Collaboration [1], NICE [2,3], the WHO [4], the US Preventive Services Task Force [5], and the Australian NHMRC [6,7]. The development of such hierarchies has been regarded as a central part of Evidence-Based Medicine (e.g. [8-10]), a movement within healthcare which prioritises the use of epidemiological evidence such as that provided by Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs). Philosophical work on the methodology of medicine has so far mostly focused on claims about the superiority of RCTs, and hence has largely neglected the questions of what hierarchies are, what assumptions they require, and how they affect clinical practice. This thesis shows that there is great variation in the hierarchies defended and in the interpretations they are, and can be, given. The interpretative assumptions made in using hierarchies are crucial to the content and defensibility of the underlying philosophical commitments concerning evidence and medical practice. Once this variation is been identified, it becomes clear that the little philosophical work that has been done so far affects only some hierarchies, under some interpretations. Modest interpretations offered by La Caze [11], conditional hierarchies like GRADE [12-14], and heuristic approaches such as that defended by Howick et al. [15,16] all survive previous philosophical criticism. This thesis extends previous criticisms by arguing that modest interpretations are so weak as to be unhelpful for clinical practice; that GRADE and similar conditional models omit clinically relevant information, such as information about variation in treatments’ effects and the causes of different responses to therapy; and that heuristic approaches lack the necessary empirical support. The conclusion is that hierarchies in general embed untenable philosophical assumptions: principally that information about average treatment effects backed by high-quality evidence can justify strong recommendations, and that the impact of evidence from individual studies can and should be appraised in isolation. Hierarchies are a poor basis for the application of evidence in clinical practice. The Evidence-Based Medicine movement should move beyond them and explore alternative tools for appraising the overall evidence for therapeutic claims.
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Loeben, Gregory Scott. "Medical futility and the goals of medicine." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/288943.

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I begin by exploring the distinction between the physiologic, quantitative, and qualitative conceptions of futility. I argue that if medical futility is going to be a useful and appropriate normative tool in the medical lexicon, it should not duplicate and confuse judgments which we already have the tools to make. Hence, I distinguish qualitative futility from the concepts of distributive justice, rationing, harm, and insufficient benefit. Lastly, I consider the argument that providing qualitative futility violates professional integrity. Next I consider the claim that futility judgments are a form of unjustified paternalism. I also explore the relationship of physician imposition of values and the ideas of individual patient well-being, and self-determination. I consider an argument put forth by Thomlinson and Brody that futility judgments actually support autonomy, concluding that their argument must be restricted to individuals whose choices can be shown to be inconsistent with their values and aims. Lastly, I provide a comparison of futility judgments and the ordinary/extraordinary distinction which shows futility to be normatively vague and clinically dangerous. Because of the potential for misuse and confusion, I compare futility and rationing judgments. I argue that rationing decisions are necessary but should be explicit rather than disguised as futility. The consequences of failing to adequately distinguish these two are unfairness to individual patients, and harm to the doctor-patient relationship and societal trust of medicine. I detail a number of models of the physician patient relationship and attempt to determine two things: (1) whether these allow for physician authority to withhold qualitatively futile care, and (2) how well these models can answer this question in the absence of an account of the goals of medicine. I conclude that various accounts offer little specific guidance about the physician's right to withhold qualitatively futile treatment. Finally, in chapter seven I attempt to ground the debate about medical futility in the larger context of a debate about the appropriate ends and goals of medicine, arguing that such limits require an extended social dialogue.
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Kerry, Roger. "Causation in evidence based medicine." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/40494/.

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Evidence based medicine (EBM) offers an established framework for the generation, interpretation, and utilisation of information in medicine and the health sciences. Central to the practice of EBM is, I argue, the notion of causation. This thesis makes an original contribution to the philosophy of EBM through a unique identification of a causal theory in EBM, and then by demonstrating a reconceptualised theory of causation better suited to evidence based person centred care. PART 1 of this thesis demonstrates that a very specific idea of causation can be witnessed within the structure of EBM. This idea is typically Humean. Through a consideration of the structure and textual narrative of EBM, it is proposed that the framework substantiates central and canonical claims. These claims relate to the core activity of EBM being the informing of clinical decision-making through the transference of causal claims from prioritised research methods. I argue that a Humean notion of causation is problematic for the central and canonical claims, thereby presenting a paradox – EBM is structured to inform clinical decision-making about causation but is inhibited from doing so by the way this very structure conceptualises causation. In PART 2 I argue for a reconceptualisation of causation that offers some solutions to the problems identified in PART 1. This theory relates to a dispositionalist ontology and takes causes to be derived from properties of an individual and as being things that merely tend towards an effect. Causes are seen as complex and context-sensitive, and whereby a traditional Humean account sees these factors as challenges to its epistemological reading, causal dispositionalism takes them as its starting point. To present this theory, desiderata are developed from existing narratives on EBM and elements of the theory set against these. In conclusion, I argue that if medicine and health care desire a framework of practice that is both evidence based and person centred, its causal theory must be reconceptualised. Causal dispositionalism offers an encouraging reconceptualisation.
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Singer, Peter Nicholas. "Galen on the soul : philosophy and medicine in the second century A.D." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251540.

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Books on the topic "Medicine and Philosophy"

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Philosophy and medicine. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower, 1986.

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Thompson, R. Paul, and Ross E. G. Upshur. Philosophy of Medicine. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315159843.

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service), ScienceDirect (Online, ed. Philosophy of medicine. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North Holland, 2011.

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Kulakarṇī, Pāṇḍuraṅga Harī. Ayurveda philosophy. 2nd ed. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications, 2000.

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Engelhardt, H. Tristram, ed. The Philosophy of Medicine. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-306-47475-1.

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Wulff, Henrik R. Philosophy of medicine: Anintroduction. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1990.

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An introductory philosophy of medicine: Humanizing modern medicine. [Dordrecht]: Springer, 2008.

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Seedhouse, David. Liberating medicine. Chichester: Wiley, 1991.

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Wulff, Henrik R. Philosophy of medicine: An introduction. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990.

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Wulff, Henrik R. Philosophy of medicine: An introduction. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Medicine and Philosophy"

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Lanzerath, Dirk. "Medicine: Philosophy of." In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05544-2_284-1.

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Arabatzis, George, Maarten J. F. M. Hoenen, Vasileios Syros, Harro Höpfl, Lidia Lanza, Antonella Straface, Mikko Yrjönsuuri, et al. "Medicine and Philosophy." In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, 735–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9729-4_323.

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Chandelier, Joel. "Medicine and Philosophy." In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, 1138–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1665-7_323.

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Lanzerath, Dirk. "Medicine: Philosophy of." In Encyclopedia of Global Bioethics, 1864–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09483-0_284.

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Thompson, R. Paul, and Ross E. G. Upshur. "Philosophy of medicine." In Philosophy of Medicine, 5–13. New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315159843-2.

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Zipser, Barbara. "Medicine: Byzantine." In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, 1–4. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1151-5_325-2.

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Akopyan, Ovanes. "Astrological Medicine." In Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02848-4_1089-1.

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Biesterfeldt, Hans Hinrich, John A. Demetracopoulos, Pekka Kärkkäinen, George Karamanolis, Marc Geoffroy, Gyula Klima, Constant J. Mews, et al. "Byzantine Medicine." In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, 188. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9729-4_102.

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Arabatzis, George, Maarten J. F. M. Hoenen, Vasileios Syros, Harro Höpfl, Lidia Lanza, Antonella Straface, Mikko Yrjönsuuri, et al. "Medicine, Byzantine." In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, 746–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9729-4_325.

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Zipser, Barbara. "Medicine: Byzantine." In Encyclopedia of Medieval Philosophy, 1151–54. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1665-7_325.

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Conference papers on the topic "Medicine and Philosophy"

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Seising, Rudolf. "A fuzzy structuralist view on the Analytical Philosophy of Medicine." In 2013 Joint IFSA World Congress and NAFIPS Annual Meeting (IFSA/NAFIPS). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifsa-nafips.2013.6608385.

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Sushchin, Mikhail. "PHILOSOPHY AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE: WAYS OF INTERACTION." In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1273.sudak.ns2020-16/444-445.

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Solomatin, Viktor. "THE APPLIED PHILOSOPHY ON THE PSYCHICAL PROCESSES NATURE." In XVII INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS NEUROSCIENCE FOR MEDICINE AND PSYCHOLOGY. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2330.sudak.ns2021-17/351-352.

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Ezzet, Alina Faris. "The problems of using human organs in medicine from the standpoint of philosophy." In VIII International applied research conference, chair German Mihaylovich Kirillov. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-111920.

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Zhuleva, Nina. "THE CONCEPTS OF INFORMATION AND SELF-ORGANIZATION - SCIENCE OR PHILOSOPHY?" In XV International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m391.sudak.ns2019-15/179.

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Tamer, Gülay. "Aeshetic Medicine Center: Strategic Objectives of Management in Health Institutions." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01477.

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Healthcare is the world’s largest industries today. Incorrect decisions which have been taken in any industrial enterprise would impact year-end balance sheet or in worst case scenario, temporary economic downturns. However, mistakes which are made in the management of health industries would end up lowering quality of human life which could give rise to deterioration of the welfare society. Management philosophy of the health care institutions has a direct impact to solution of health issues. Therefore, their approach of management play an important role in the development of quality of life. Knowledge and individual skills of those involved in the management of health managers at different levels of organization is crucial for the future of the company and consequentially for welfare of nation. In this study; Aesthetic Medicine which is one of the most exclusive and ever-developing areas of health institutions has been analyzed. These institutions aim to enhance their social perception by improving their appearance with noninvasive aesthetic treatments and by providing preventive treatments to maintain their youthful appearance. The frequency of the applied treatments in aesthetic medical institutions varies according to their clients' economic welfare, socio-cultural evolution of their society, sex, age range and many other sociological parameters. In order to meet the expectations in health institutions, it is crucial to determine the correct customer profile by utilizing present opportunities of the sector. This study is prepared to present an approach to create sectoral innovation by drawing attention to self-renewing business growth methods for aesthetic medicine management.
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MARTSENIUK, Maryna. "ON THE INFLUENCE OF HAPPINESS ON HUMAN HEALTH." In Happiness And Contemporary Society : Conference Proceedings Volume. SPOLOM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/7.2021.42.

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The article considers the concept and phenomen on of happiness from the perspective of different authors. The subjective perception and interpretation of the term happiness and the vital interest in this phenomen on by such sciences as philosophy, ethics, psychology, history, medicine. The concept of happiness in a narrow (fate, talent, luck, success, joy) and broad (psycho-emotional state of complete satisfaction with life, a sense of complete joy) senses has been covered. The ratings of the countries on the level of happiness among population (WorldHappinessReport) and the «happiness index» studied by the international foundation NEF (NewEconomicsFoundation) have been analyzed, along with the position of Ukraine. The finding soft helongest-running study from Harvard University, which aimed to find out what makes people happy from adolescence to old age, have been presented. It has been found that good relationships with people make us happier and healthier. Good social connections are good for us, but loneliness shortens life. It was proved that the happiest of the participants in the experiment, even feeling physicalpain, stayed positive. In stead, un happy people feltthat the physical pain became even stronger dueto a bad emotional state. The importance of a spouse supporting, and its positive impact on such a process as memory was emphasized. Instead, it was noted that their memory did not deteriorate as rapidly as in single people. Key words: health, life satisfaction, feelings of happiness, level of happiness.
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Saeed, Sabeer, and Asaf Varol. "Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence: Re-Enhancing the Lifecycle." In 9th International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering (CSE 2021). Academy and Industry Research Collaboration Center (AIRCC), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2021.112403.

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As automation is changing everything in today’s world, there is an urgent need for artificial intelligence, the basic component of today’s automation and innovation to have standards for software engineering for analysis and design before it is synthesized to avoid disaster. Artificial intelligence software can make development costs and time easier for programmers. There is a probability that society may reject artificial intelligence unless a trustworthy standard in software engineering is created to make them safe. For society to have more confidence in artificial intelligence applications or systems, researchers and practitioners in computing industry need to work not only on the cross-section of artificial intelligence and software engineering, but also on software theory that can serve as a universal framework for software development, most especially in artificial intelligence systems. This paper seeks to(a) encourage the development of standards in artificial intelligence that will immensely contribute to the development of software engineering industry considering the fact that artificial intelligence is one of the leading technologies driving innovation worldwide (b) Propose the need for professional bodies from philosophy, law, medicine, engineering, government, international community (such as NATO, UN), and science and technology bodies to develop a standardized framework on how AI can work in the future that can guarantee safety to the public among others. These standards will boost public confidence and guarantee acceptance of artificial intelligence applications or systems by both the end-users and the general public.
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Dobri, Mirona Letitia, Alina-Ioana Voinea, Constantin Marcu, Eva Maria Elkan, Ionuț-Dragoș Rădulescu, and Petronela Nechita. "MINDFULNESS: A PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC METHOD OF ACCEPTANCE AND CENTERING OF THE MENTAL FRAMEWORK." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.29.

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Mindfulness as a term comes from Buddhist traditions, translating as awareness, concentration or remembrance. Western neuroscientists define mindfulness practices as a combination of emotional and attentional training regimes that help cultivate physical and psychological well-being and improve emotional regulation while noting neurobiological changes in the brain. The formal introduction of oriental ways of thinking into western philosophy, psychology and medicine happened decades ago, generating a large spectrum of discussions and scientific works concerning the therapeutic applications of mindfulness practice. Basing our presentation on a thorough study of scientific papers, we propose a synthesis of the theoretical aspects related to mindfulness and a new perspective regarding its applications in clinical psychiatric care. The modern occidental approaches of the practice are adapted into methods used in cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. The benefits of formal practice proven from the neurological perspective are the result of a less reactive autonomic nervous system. Regulation of attention, body awareness, regulation of emotions, increased capacity of adaptation is just a few of the mechanisms involved. Therefore, it is integrated into western psychotherapy as an adjunctive or alternative method of treatment for several psychiatric disorders among which are depression, anxiety, substance use, smoking cessation, insomnia. In conclusion, mindfulness has shown to have great promise in clinical application, and the hope is to be used in the future with the purpose of improving mental and physical wellbeing and quality of life.
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10

Canina, Marita. "Biodesign: Overcoming Disciplinary Barriers." In ASME 2008 9th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2008-59458.

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A new discipline has been introduced into today’s multicultural scientific context — Biodesign. Behind the main philosophical concept of Biodesign is the human body; considered a psycho-biological unicum. Research activities aim at developing artificial devices which can be fully integrated into the human body, or rather into the prosthetic human being. During the last decade, the interest of design research and the study of solutions specifically focused on the human being gave rise to a number of disciplines characterized by the prefix “bio”, which comes from the Greek word for life. This prefix may refer to various thematic areas such as: engineering, medicine, architecture, physics and chemistry. These areas can be considered as already well-established disciplines. This means that these sectors have already reached certain solutions that led them to concentrate their efforts on an in-depth study of the human-being, in order to tackle what could be called the “bio” problem. Each discipline, therefore, performs research proposes new solutions, and discusses possible future scenarios in the light of its own particular philosophy. In design along with the other disciplines, a significant movement towards of renewal has been developing with human beings; with their bodies as the hub. The biodesigner, in an attempt to solve the medical-biological problems involved, makes use of industrial design methods, sharing their experience with interdisciplinary teams. Biodesign should not be considered merely design applied to medicine. It may indeed be more clearly defined as an entirely new discipline; whose use of an interdisciplinary approach and close cooperation with the medical-biological sciences are essential to its objective. Biodesign one of the most interesting fields of research currently under way, aimed at innovative application of biorobotic devices, that involves the design and use of new technology, such as MEMS and bioMEMS. This paper gives the research results that were developed in cooperation with two Faculties: Design and Engineering. The main research objective is to identify the intervention area and the role of industrial design in the micro (MEMS) and nanotechnology applications. In particular it’s fundamental in biorobotics to determine both the methodology and the right instruments needed. This paper is divided into two conceptual parts; the first is theoretical and the second is application driven. In the introductory analytical part, theoretical basis are put in order to show the importance of designer cooperation in the micro-technologies study and in their innovative applications. Designers can make cooperation amongst experts easier, co-ordinating design process’ among several research fields and skills. In the first part; problems, complexities, application fields and design methodologies connected to biorobotic devices are highlighted. The second part of the research is developed with the methodology defined by C. Fryling as “through (o by)”. This methodology is a research approach done throughout projects and lead by experience. One case history is used to demostrate such an approach.
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Reports on the topic "Medicine and Philosophy"

1

Maksimenko, L. A., and G. V. Gornova. Candidate's exam in the discipline "History and philosophy of science" : a textbook for organizing independent educational and research work on an abstract on the history of medicine. OFERNIO, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2020.24680.

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