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Journal articles on the topic 'Medicine – History – 19th century'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Theodoridis, Nicolas. "Brief history of medicine." International Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine 18, no. 3 (2025): 110–13. https://doi.org/10.15406/ijcam.2025.18.00735.

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This article aims to shed light on the historical context of the development of medicine, bringing to light characteristic elements of its construction, since antiquity, starting with the Egyptians, advancing through the Greeks, entering the Middle Ages, passing through the Renaissance and making a contrast with the so-called esoteric procedures in the 19th century, which made a contrast with the current models, due to the fact that they acted with more subtle energies and were unproven according to the parameters of the time.

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2

YEO, In-sok. "A History of Teaching Medical History in Medical Schools in Europe and America." Korean Journal of Medical History 32, no. 1 (2023): 175–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2023.32.175.

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Medical history was an important part of medicine in the West from antiquity, through the Middle Ages, and until the Renaissance. Hippocrates, Galen, and Avicenna were historical figures, but they dominated the medicine of the Western world at least until Renaissance. The medicine of the past, which did not become history, still remained an important part of present medicine. In the 19th century, medicine in the past is now relativized as an object of history. At the same time, the 'practicality' of medical science was emphasized. The practicality referred to here means that, unlike previous t

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Su, Wen-yang, Hao-rong Lin, and Anastasia Kabachkova. "A review of the development history of exercise physiology." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, no. 12-3 (2022): 378–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202212statyi92.

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This article attempts to organize the development history and course of exercise physiology. The authors take the initial enlightenment stage, the end of the 18th century to the middle of the 19th century, the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, and the 1920s to the 1940s as the time nodes.

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Baptista, Sofia. "O Que Pode “O Médico” de Sir L. Fildes Dizer-nos Hoje." Acta Médica Portuguesa 28, no. 4 (2015): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.6743.

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5

Totsuka, Etsuro. "The history of Japanese psychiatry and the rights of mental patients." Psychiatric Bulletin 14, no. 4 (1990): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.14.4.193.

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In ancient Japan, written characters and religions were largely based on Chinese cultures. The first foreign physician was invited from Korea to Japan during the Shiragi Dynasty, when an Emperor became ill at the beginning of the 5th century. Since then, Chinese medicine dominated in Japan until Western medicine was introduced in the middle of the 19th century.

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Ihnatenko, Mariya. "THE IDEOLOGY OF THE UKRAINIAN WOMEN'S MOVEMENT AT THE TURN OF THE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 13 (December 21, 2023): 85–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112058.

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Abstract The purpose of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the ideology of the Ukrainian women's movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, analyze the relationship between feminism and the classical ideologies of nationalism, liberalism, and socialism. Methodology. The study uses general scientific and special historical (historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-systemic) research methods that allowed to reveal the peculiarities of the ideology of the Ukrainian women's movement in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, to de

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Kyrchanoff, Maksym Waler'evich. "The concept of the "long 19th century" as an ideal model for studying socio-political transformations in Indonesia at the regional level." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 1 (January 2024): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2024.1.69570.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the possibility of using the concept of the “long 19th century” as an interpretative model of historical science that claims to be universal. The author analyzes the concept of the “long 19th century” proposed by Eric Hobsbawm. The subject of the article is the concept of the “long 19th century”, the object is the possibility of its application and transplantation into Indonesian historical research. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the concept of the “long 19th century” as an interpretative model that allows us to analyze the features of

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Sakai, Tatsuo, and Yuh Morimoto. "The History of Infectious Diseases and Medicine." Pathogens 11, no. 10 (2022): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11101147.

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From ancient times to the present, mankind has experienced many infectious diseases, which have mutually affected the development of society and medicine. In this paper, we review various historical and current infectious diseases in a five-period scheme of medical history newly proposed in this paper: (1) Classical Western medicine pioneered by Hippocrates and Galen without the concept of infectious diseases (ancient times to 15th century); (2) traditional Western medicine expanded by the publication of printed medical books and organized medical education (16th to 18th century); (3) early mo

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9

Weston, Robert. "Whooping Cough: A Brief History to the 19th Century." Canadian Bulletin of Medical History 29, no. 2 (2012): 329–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cbmh.29.2.329.

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Kušeliauskaitė, Irma, and Aistis Žalnora. "The museum of the History of Medicine of Vilnius University." Papers on Anthropology 30, no. 1 (2021): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/poa.2021.30.1.04.

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The museum of medicine of Vilnius university is one of the unique museums devoted to the issues of medicine in Lithuania. It was created out of the clinical practice by Vilnius university physicians. Early museum served as a curiosity cabinet as well as a teaching museum. After the closure of Vilnius university in the mid of 19th century the museum was destroyed by Tsar’s government. In the early 20th century museum was reestablished by the Polish government. The modern collections were added with craniological and osteological specimens as well as pathology exhibition. The contemporary museum

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11

Zuardi, Antonio Waldo. "History of cannabis as a medicine: a review." Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 28, no. 2 (2006): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-44462006000200015.

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Cannabis as a medicine was used before the Christian era in Asia, mainly in India. The introduction of cannabis in the Western medicine occurred in the midst of the 19th century, reaching the climax in the last decade of that century, with the availability and usage of cannabis extracts or tinctures. In the first decades of the 20th century, the Western medical use of cannabis significantly decreased largely due to difficulties to obtain consistent results from batches of plant material of different potencies. The identification of the chemical structure of cannabis components and the possibil

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Kovtyuh, Galina. "Charity’s Role in the Development of Russian and French Medicine in the Second Half of 19th Century." ISTORIYA 14, no. 5 (127) (2023): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840026982-9.

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This article deals with different aspects of the link between charity’s development and development of Russian and French medicine in the second half of 19th century. The present study gives much attention to this topic while analyzing the history of pediatrics, dermatology, psychiatry, immunology, microbiology, struggle against infectious diseases. This article’s authors cite the examples demonstrating the construction of new hospitals and of new scientific institutes that took place in the second half of the 19th century. The present article characterizes the contribution to science made by

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Mikhailov, M. K. "On the history of the development of radiology in the Republic of Tatarstan." Kazan medical journal 76, no. 6 (1995): 474–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj90665.

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None of the periods of the entire previous history was as bright and diverse in the manifestation of human genius as the 19th century - the century of science and technology. SP Botkin wrote: "... what a movement forward was then, what an irrepressible current swept the whole society, and at the same time what a thirst for knowledge awoke in it." Society "wanted to learn, to know." The greatest discoveries of the second half of the 19th century, made with seemingly ingenious simplicity or "by accident", acquire true value today.

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Cohen, Ben. "Anton Chekhov (1860–1904) – a 19th century physician." Journal of Medical Biography 15, no. 3 (2007): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/j.jmb.2007.06-24.

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This account of Anton Chekhov's life as a doctor is distinct from the short story writer and playwright on which his fame rests. It describes his school days, the years as a medical student and the period in general practice. In later years he became active in social medicine on a voluntary basis and earned his living purely from his literary work. He died from pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of 44 years.

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Doria, Corinne. "The Right to Write the History: Disputes over the History of Medicine in France – 20th-21st Centuries." Transversal: International Journal for the Historiography of Science, no. 3 (December 22, 2017): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24117/2526-2270.2017.i3.03.

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This article reflects on the history of medicine as an academic discipline. It analyzes in particular the debates that took place in France between the second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st century. The first part recalls the main features of the discussions about the history of medicine since it was identified as an autonomous discipline up to the epistemological turn that, in the middle of the 19th century, opposed partisans of a “philological and scientific” to partisans of a “heroic” history of medicine. The second part deals with the debates that began in France in the 196

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Marder, Nancy S. "The Changing Landscape of 19th Century Courts." Reviews in American History 46, no. 3 (2018): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rah.2018.0065.

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Basu, Shreeya, Y. Ashutosh Bhardwaj, and Surobhi Chatterjee. "Portrayal of Paraphilia in History." Indian Journal of Health Sexuality and Culture 4, no. 2 (2019): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3981441.

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Normalcy and aberrance in sexual behavior, is greatly influenced by societal norms and culture of time and our perception of paraphilia is shaped by them. These conditions have transcended eras from Greek and Roman civilizations to modern medicine, finding mentions in the Bible, the Kamasutra, as well as in the 18th and 19th century works. With the efforts of Krafft Ebbing and co-workers, paraphilia and paraphilic disorders now occupy an important niche in medicine. Treatment modalities have also evolved greatly- from radical means to medication and psychotherapy. Therefore our understanding o

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Berger, E. Е. "XX century: the history of medicine in quest of itself." Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 23, no. 3S (2024): 4147. https://doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2024-4147.

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The history of medicine as a separate discipline was created by doctors. In the 19th century, scientific medicine broke away from its past, and Hippocrates, Avicenna, Harvey became history, rather than foundation. The history of medicine continued to be a necessary part of medical education, helping young doctors to identify themselves in the profession, showing whom they can and should look up to in it. In the 20th century, doctors were no strangers to the humanities, but also showed excellent examples of work in the field.At the same time, in the 20th century, the prevailing opinion was that

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Bickel, Marcel H. "Medizingeschichte und Pharmakologie." Gesnerus 58, no. 1-2 (2001): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0580102006.

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Both boundaries and communication exist between medical disciplines. Chairs for the combination of pharmacology and medical history were ereated in the 19th century. Some medical historians have dealt with pharmacology and its history (Heischkel, Sigerist, Temkin, Ackerknecht, Lesky, Mettler). In turn, individual pharmacologists have contributed to the history of medicine (Kobert, Leake, Binz, Hans Fischer), the last two particularly to its institutionalization.

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Arminjon, Mathieu. "The American Roots of Social Epidemiology and its Transnational Circulation. From the African-American Hypertension Enigma to the WHO’s Recommendations." Gesnerus 77, no. 1 (2020): 35–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.24894/gesn-en.2020.77002.

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In 2008, the Commission on Social Determinants of Health at the World Health Organisation published a report demonstrating the existence of a socio-economic gradient for health. Though health inequalities had been apparent since at least the 19th century, the report introduced a bio-psycho-social aetiological model that was absent from 19th century social medicine, as well as from former WHO documents. To bio-psycho-social epidemiologists stress associated with social status is the main cause of morbidity and death. Here I begin by noting that the history social epidemiologists have written fo

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Danilov, E. V. "ZEMSTVO MEDICINE AND HEALTH CARE SEEKING IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY." Вестник Пермского университета. История 63, no. 4 (2023): 148–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2023-4-148-160.

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The paper deals with the development of zemstvo medicine in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, focusing on health care seeking. Within a broader research optics, this phenomenon is a key element in the formation of human capital and standard of living. In this paper, it is considered as the indicator of interaction between medical institu-tions and the population. The study reveals significant disparities in health care seeking behavior among counties in general and among counties within one province. The division of health care seeking into inpatient and outpatient sectors demonstrates d

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Magouliotis, Dimitrios E., Thanos Athanasiou, and Dimitrios Zacharoulis. "Surgery and Reason: The End of History and the Last Surgeon." Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 17 (2023): 5708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm12175708.

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23

Gruia, Ana-Maria. "“Engel Pharmacy “La Coróna”, near the gate of the royal court, Jassy”." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Historia 66, no. 2 (2022): 45–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbhist.2021.2.03.

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"The paper reconstructs the history of the 19th-20th-century Engel pharmacy in Iaşi starting from a lot of items preserved in the History of Pharmacy Collection in Cluj-Napoca. The lot includes numerous drug jars, measuring cups, apothecary working tools, financial documents, prescriptions, correspondence, and various other documents, some of which were recently identified during the renovation of the pharmacy museum in Cluj. The analysis allows one to see the transformation of pharmaceutical practice in Moldavia and Romania between the end of the 19th century and the Second World War and to r

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Shafer, Gregory. "Reader Response Makes History." English Journal 86, no. 7 (1997): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej19973458.

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Describes an interdisciplinary unit that brought the Civil War to life for 11th-grade students in a team-taught unit that highlighted student-driven response to reading. Describes use of a 19th-century essay supporting slavery, Upton Sinclair’s “The Jungle,” “Huckleberry Finn,” Civil War poetry and other writings, and student projects based on the autobiography of Frederick Douglass.

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Kunts, Evgeny. "Friendly Literary Society (problem of searching for Russian national identity at the beginning of the 19th century)." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2023, no. 3-1 (2023): 04–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202303statyi18.

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The article examines the search for Russian national identity at the beginning of the 19th century on the example of the creative activity of the participants of the Friendly Literary Society. One of the consequences of the French Revolution in Europe was a wave of public disillusionment with the ideals of the Enlightenment and an intensification of the search for a new form of identity. At the beginning of the 19th century, Europeans begin to identify themselves with the nation. The article reveals the structural features of Russian national identity at the beginning of the 19th century based

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TESTA, STEPHEN M. "DR. THOMAS ANTISELL (1817–1893): 19th CENTURY MEDICAL GEOLOGIST." Earth Sciences History 42, no. 2 (2023): 353–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-42.2.353.

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ABSTRACT In America, Dr. Thomas Antisell (1817–1893) is best known for his work as a geologist with the Pacific Railroad Survey under Lt. Parke. Prior to his participation with the survey, his background was in medicine, chemistry and geology, with accomplishments in all three areas, notably writing on the geology and soils of his native Ireland. As a political outcast, his arrival in America in 1854 found him teaching chemistry and practicing medicine, until his relationship with fellow Irish botanist and physician John Torrey landed him a position as geologist with that part of the survey ex

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Abashin, Victor G., та Yuri V. Tsvelev. "То history of organization of obstetrics assistance in the Russian Army". Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 52, № 1 (2003): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd88807.

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Until now, it was believed that the first experience of using female labor in military medicine dates back to the middle of the 19th century, when during the Crimean War of 1853-1856. a detachment of sisters of mercy under the leadership of N. I. Pirogov worked in the theater of military operations. However, some documents indicate that in peacetime, female personnel in domestic military medicine began to be used much earlier.

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Rehan, Haider, Das Geetha Kumari, Ahmed Zameer, and Zameer Sambreen. "The History of Sports Medicine." Journal of Sports Medicine and Therapy 10, no. 1 (2025): 025–26. https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.jsmt.1001092.

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Sports medicine has developed as a specific field dedicated to the prevention, disease, and restoration of sports-accompanying harms. Its inceptions may be traced back to old civilizations, placing Greek and Roman physicians, in the way that Galen, stressed exercise and tangible preparation for claiming health. During the Renaissance, refreshed interest in cruel plant structure influenced a more exploratory approach to sports-connected harms. However, it was not until the late 19th and early 20th a period that sports medicines arose as additional healing punishment, driven by progress in agile

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Kozhakuly, O., and A. Askar. "Historical Traditional and Geographical Factors in Connection of Kazakhs with Tashkent." Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 127, no. 1 (2023): 444–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2023-1/2664-0686.36.

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The theoretical and methodological basis, historiography and documentary basis of the political and economic relations of the Kazakh and Kokan peoples from the end of the 18th century to the 70s of the 19th century are presented in this research work. Historical, traditional and geographical factors, development of livestock, crops, and trade between Uly Yuz Kazakhs and the people of Tashkent are considered. The struggle of the Kazakh people for their independence and the position of the Kokan Khanate, the influence of Tsarist Russia on the Kazakh-Kokan relations in the first quarter of the 19

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Nicolson, Malcolm. "Germ warfare – the laboratory and the clinic in 19th century British medicine." Endeavour 27, no. 1 (2003): 11–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-9327(03)00010-3.

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Healy, D. "Book: On the History of Lunacy: The 19th Century and After." BMJ 319, no. 7201 (1999): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7201.63a.

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Ku, Dae-Yeol. "Sung, Hwang- Yong, Diplomatic History of East Asia Since 19th Century." Korean Journal of International Relations 33, no. 1 (1993): 257–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14731/kjir.1993.10.33.1.257.

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Koh, Won. "The Rise and Fall of Women’s Football in Britain, 1881-1921." Korea Association of World History and Culture 64 (September 30, 2022): 231–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32961/jwhc.2022.09.64.231.

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This paper examines the early history of British women’s football from 1881 to 1921. The history of women’s football during this period has not yet been seriously studied by Korean historians. There are many people who do not even know the existence of women's football at the end of the 19th century. Many people believe that the football is traditionally a ‘men’s sport’ and that women have entered the male realm as women’s social activities have recently expanded. However, women’s football has a history as long as men’s football. Women’s football first appeared in Britain at the end of the 19t

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Babushko, Svitlana, Maiia Halytska, and Nataliia Rekun. "Ukrainian pedagogues of the 19th century: contribution to modern pedagogy." Pedagogical Education:Theory and Practice, no. 30 (June 14, 2021): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-9763.2021-30-85-99.

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The article aims at revealing the contribution of 19th century Ukrainian pedagogues to the development of pedagogy as a science. The most prominent cultural figures of that time and their pedagogical legacy were under the consideration from the following aspects: their social and pedagogical activity; peculiar features of their pedagogical theories; their impact on the development of pedagogical ideas in forthcoming centuries. To achieve it, there were used methods of historiography, identification, analysis and systematization. The choice of the 19th century was determined by its great educat

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Novella, Enric J. "Alexandre Brierre de Boismont and the limits of the psychopathological gaze." History of the Human Sciences 31, no. 3 (2018): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695118768375.

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One of the most remarkable implications of psychological medicine in the transition from the 18th to the 19th century was the advent of a new way of looking at the human being and new tools for analysing not only behaviour and individual experience, but also historical events, collective behavioural patterns or complex cultural achievements. Unsurprisingly, the deployment of this gaze could not advance without there being a series of disputes and controversies about its reach and the limits to its indiscriminate application. Focusing on the figure of French alienist Alexandre Brierre de Boismo

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Kerr, P. Benjamin, Anthony J. Caputy, and Norman H. Horwitz. "A history of cerebral localization." Neurosurgical Focus 18, no. 4 (2005): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2005.18.4.2.

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The brain has been known to be the center of voluntary movement, sensation, and intelligence for centuries. Nevertheless, it was not until the latter third of the 19th century that the functions of its different areas were discovered. It was the labor of several key men that made possible the accurate localization and, furthermore, the resection of brain neoplasms.

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Fenwick, D. "The History of Anaesthetic Mortality Reporting." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 35, no. 1_suppl (2007): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0703501s04.

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Anaesthetists are acutely aware of the legal constraint of reporting to the coroner deaths in association with anaesthesia. The evolution of the office of the coroner in England is presented and the relationship with the discovery and evolution of anaesthesia is examined. The legal and medical climate in the 19th century is described, with some of the key participants named and their roles explained. The 19th century was an age of questioning and exploration, which led to the elucidation of the problems with chloroform and set the path for progress in monitoring in anaesthesia. Comments are ma

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Lazovic, Biljana, Sanja Mazic, Marina Djelic, Jelena Suzic-Lazic, Radmila Sparic, and Zoran Stajic. "History of sports medicine in east European countries." Medical review 68, no. 1-2 (2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1502059l.

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The purpose of this article is to provide a historical background of medicine, science and sports with the focus on the development of modern sports medicine in European countries, with an accent on Eastern European countries that have a long sports medicine tradition. The development of modern sports medicine began at the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century, and it has been associated with social and cultural changes in the world of medicine, science and sports. Advanced medical knowledge, skills and practices, and the progress of scientific achievements enabled sports people to imp

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Splavski, Bruno. "A Brief Review of the History of Global and Croatian Neurosurgery." Journal of applied health sciences 9, no. 1 (2023): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/1/9/1/7.

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Neurosurgery is the oldest, but also the youngest medical discipline. Namely, archaeological findings confirm the existence of cranial bone trepanations in the Late Stone Age, while neurosurgery as a separate discipline was founded only at the beginning of the 20th century. Descriptions of head/spinal injuries, and trepanations, date back to ancient Egypt (Edwin Smith papyrus) and physicians like Hippocrates, the Alexandrian school, and Galen, who described his classification of cranial fractures, perfected trepanation and contributed to neuroanatomy and physiology. Unfortunately, with his dis

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Manfredini, Matteo, Marco Breschi, Alessio Fornasin, Stanislao Mazzoni, Sergio De lasio, and Alfredo Coppa. "Maternal Mortality in 19th- and Early 20th-century Italy." Social History of Medicine 33, no. 3 (2019): 860–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkz001.

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Summary Although dramatically reduced in Western and developed countries, maternal mortality is still today one of the most relevant social and health scourges in developing countries. This is the reason why high levels of maternal mortality are always interpreted as a sign of low living standards, ignorance, poverty and woman discrimination. Maternal mortality represents, therefore, a very peculiar characteristic of demographic systems of ancien regime. Despite this important role in demographic systems, no systematic study has been addressed to investigate the impact of maternal mortality in

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Sigusch, Volkmar. "SEXUAL MEDICINE HISTORY: The Birth of Sexual Medicine: Paolo Mantegazza as Pioneer of Sexual Medicine in the 19th Century*." Journal of Sexual Medicine 5, no. 1 (2008): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00648.x.

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Юрій Миколайович Поліщук. "THE «POLISH QUESTION» IN THE POLITICS OF RUSSIAN TSARISM ON THE RIGHT-BANK OF UKRAINE (LATE 18TH - MIDDLE 19TH CENTURY)." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 5 (January 1, 2018): 168–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.111811.

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Annotation: In the article, taking into account the achievements of Ukrainian and foreign historiography, the results of the research of the policy of Russian tsarism concerning the Polish population of the Right-Bank Ukraine since the annexation of the land to the Russian Empire and the Polish uprising of 1863 - 1864 were presented.It is established that in the late XVIII century on the territory of the Right-Bank Ukraine lived icon is the number of poles, which the vast majority belonged to the nobility which has been characterized by economic and social equality. However, all of them were P

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Brierley-Jones, Lyn. "Talking therapy: The allopathic nihilation of homoeopathy through conceptual translation and a new medical language." History of the Human Sciences 34, no. 3-4 (2021): 121–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695120967872.

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The 19th century saw the development of an eclectic medical marketplace in both the United Kingdom and the United States, with mesmerists, herbalists and hydrotherapists amongst the plethora of medical ‘sectarians’ offering mainstream (or ‘allopathic’) medicine stiff competition. Foremost amongst these competitors were homoeopaths, a group of practitioners who followed Samuel Hahnemann (1982[1810]) in prescribing highly dilute doses of single-drug substances at infrequent intervals according to the ‘law of similars’ (like cures like). The theoretical sophistication of homoeopathy, compared to

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Morris, David B. "An Invisible History of Pain: Early 19th-Century Britain and America." Clinical Journal of Pain 14, no. 3 (1998): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002508-199809000-00004.

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Krygin, Roman Vyacheslavovich. "Crimean realities in F.'s travelogue Remy "Crimea in ethnographic, geographical and historical terms" (1872)." Филология: научные исследования, no. 1 (January 2024): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2024.1.69645.

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The article is devoted to identifying and structuring realities in the travelogue of the German-speaking traveler Franz Remy, who visited the Crimean peninsula in the 19th century. The features of the realities mentioned in the work of a traveler who visited Crimea in the 19th century are considered. The purpose of the work is to identify, characterize, and establish the features of the realities of Crimea based on the travelogue F. Remy. The relevance of the work is due to both the increased interest in travelogue as a genre, and to the linguocultural aspect of the study of German-speaking tr

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Mironov, Boris. "Saint Petersburg at the Forefront of Demographic Transition in Russia." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no. 3 (2022): 709–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.303.

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In post-reform Russia, a demographic transition began — a replacement of the traditional type of population reproduction with the modern one. A significant part of the population had rationalized demographic behavior; demographic indicators had improved; the efficiency of population reproduction had increased; intra-family relations had been humanized; and individual birth control had been developed — mainly in cities. The demographic transition began earlier than is commonly thought — among the townspeople of the Saint Petersburg province, where obvious signs of birth control and a decrease i

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Sergeyev, Tikhon, Vitaly Orlov, and Valery Andreev. "Chuvash Nikita Bichurin (Iakinf) and Buryat Dorzhi Banzarov — famous researchers of ethnic culture of Mongols in the 19th century." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 12-3 (2020): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202012statyi61.

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The article shows the contribution of two representatives of multinational Russia of the 19th century to the study of the ethnic culture of the Mongols: the first corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences from the Chuvash, the founder of Sinology, an outstanding scientist-monk N. Ya. Bichurin (Fr. Iakinfa) (1777-1853) and the first Buryat scientist, the Buryat “Lomonosov”, Dorzhi Banzarov (1822-1855). Coming from the lower classes of the people, they became prominent representatives of the Russian democratic intelligentsia of the 19th century.

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Daniel Raducan, Ionut, Mihaela-Loredana Stanciu, and Daniela Iancu. "THE HISTORY OF ABDOMINAL SURGERY: THE EVOLUTION OF AN ESSENTIAL BRANCH OF MEDICINE." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 01 (2025): 901–5. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/20275.

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Abdominal surgery, one of the most complex and demanding branches of modern medicine, has undergone a long and difficult journey from its origins to the sophisticated techniques used today. Surgical interventions on the abdominal cavity involve addressing vital organs such as the stomach, liver, pancreas, intestines, or spleen. The article traces the evolution of abdominal surgery from antiquity to the 20th century, focusing on the significant progress made in each period. In antiquity, abdominal surgery was rare and risky, limited by a lack of anatomical knowledge, anesthesia, and antisepsis.

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Bzarov, Ruslan S. "Islam in Alanya-Ossetia: the Main Stages of History." Vestnik of North Ossetian State University, no. 3 (September 25, 2023): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/1994-7720-2023-3-22-28.

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Islam has been known to the Alans-Ossetians since the times of the Islamic Caliphate. In the second half of the 13th century Sunni Islam became the religion of part of the urban population of Alania. Ossetian religious minority is the earliest Islamic community in the Central Caucasus. Lexical borrowings, having become an integral part of the folklife culture, are referred to the early period of the insight into the Islamic terminology. In the 15 – 17th centuries Islam was common among the nobles of the northern communities of mountain Alania-Ossetia, but by the end of the 18th century Islamiz

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Bachynska, O. A. "SPIRITUAL MENTORS AND SERVANTS IN THE SOUTHERN UKRAINE IN THE 19TH CENTURY." Library Mercury, no. 1(29) (June 29, 2023): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2707-3335.2023.1(29).280543.

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A review of the book: Dianova N. M. Activities of orthodox archierei in Kherson eparchy (from late XVIII century to early ХХ century): a monograph / N. M. Dianova ; Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University, Department of History and Philosophy. – Odesa : Odesa National University, 2022. – 205 p.

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