Academic literature on the topic 'Medicine, Military'

Foreign Bodies: Military Medicine, Modernism and Melodrama traces how representations of warfare in the modernist novel, girls' romances, nursing memoirs, and war films dramatize the humanitarian disaster of war through the figure of woman. My analysis focuses on the visual and literary poetics of violence as troped in and through the bodies of combat nurses. The "uncanny" serves as a lens to explore the complex links between gendered war work and the radical transgression of the boundaries of the nation state and the body experienced during wartime. To establish the unique explanatory power of the uncanny for gender issues, I trace how feminist and postcolonial theorists have revised Freud's analysis of the uncanny. I trace medical metaphors of wounding and infection in the novel and various cinematic adaptations of A Farewell to Arms (1932, 1951, 1957, 1996). I read the letters and diaries of World War I nurse Agnes von Kurowsky against the censored memoirs of American nurses Mary Borden and Ellen La Motte. I show how the uncanny aesthetic adopted by Ernest Hemingway in A Farewell to Arms is subverted by these women writers. I explore how these uncanny aesthetics also manifest in adolescent nursing romances from Sue Barton to Cherry Ames. With the onset of World War II, I trace how the discourse of foreign bodies in relation to the metaphor of malaria in the South Pacific. Focusing on the portrayal of the Japanese foreign body, often encoded through off-screen sound, I demonstrate how medical metaphors of malaria operate in films portraying nursing in the South Pacific such as So Proudly We Hail (1943) and Cry Havoc (1943). Turning to the Korean and Vietnam Wars, I explore the representation of post-traumatic stress disorder in M*A*S*H (1970) and in nursing memoirs such as American Daughter Gone to War (1992) and Home Before Morning (1983). I bring this history of nursing representation to bear on media texts concerning the war in Iraq including Baghdad E.R. (HBO, 2006).

A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.<br>While medical diplomacy has played a large role in US counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns, few studies have been done to show their effectiveness. This study is a systematic review based on literature published by July 2014, looking at military medicine’s role in Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF). Both scientific and military databases were searched and yielded an initial 1,204 papers; however, these were later narrowed down to four articles, mostly restricted by the requirement of structured, scientific methods. These four studies were not well‐powered and focused on such different topics that no real conclusion could be drawn on the topic. In the end, the real value of the study was to show that despite the significant amount of resources poured into these COIN medical operations, very little study has been done to see if they have any effect.

Submitted by Gilvan Almeida (gilvan.almeida@icict.fiocruz.br) on 2016-09-26T14:06:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 199.pdf: 3201117 bytes, checksum: cf986161a4b47a5e3083519befaf29c9 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Barata Manoel (msbarata@coc.fiocruz.br) on 2016-10-06T19:10:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 199.pdf: 3201117 bytes, checksum: cf986161a4b47a5e3083519befaf29c9 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T19:10:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 199.pdf: 3201117 bytes, checksum: cf986161a4b47a5e3083519befaf29c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013<br>Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.<br>Nosso objetivo com o presente trabalho é compreender as influências dos exércitos da Alemanha e da França no processo de modernização dos Serviços de Saúde dos exércitos de dois países da América Latina: Argentina e Brasil. Além disso, procuramos entender como as influências de saberes médicos daquelas escolas europeias estiveram presentes no cenário médico militar dos serviços de saúde destes países sul americanos. Para tal, temos a higiene militar e o desenvolvimento técnico-científico das Forças Armadas como eixo de nossos estudos para identificarmos as principais mudanças sofridas no Serviço de Saúde, do Brasil, e no Cuerpo de Sanidad da Argentina, bem como suas relações/implicações políticas à época. Nosso recorte temporal está relacionado com o surgimento do Cuerpo de Sanidad, bem como o processo de modernização deste e do Serviço de Saúde do exército brasileiro. Já o ano de 1930 foi escolhido em função do seu significado na historiografia destes dois países e, principalmente, por um novo quadro político, econômico, social e militar em função de seus movimentos revolucionários . Quanto à nossa abordagem teórico-metodológica, além do estudo comparado, partimos da noção de desenvolvimento desigual e combinado desenvolvido por Trotsky. Entendemos que a busca pela adequação ao processo evolutivo dos exércitos dos países centrais se deu em diversos países da América Latina a partir da contratação de missões estrangeiras para modernizarem seus exércitos. Ao utilizar as experiências da Argentina e do Brasil na contratação de missões deste tipo, podemos generalizar o tema, ou seja, generalizar a forma como o processo de modernização e do desenvolvimento técnico-científico implica mudanças nos Corpos de Saúde destes exércitos.<br>This work intends to comprehend the influences of the French and Germany armies in the process of modernization of the Armies Health Services of two countries of Latin America: Argentina e Brazil. Besides, we trying to understand how such influences were incorporated in the medical military scenery of these South American countries. For such, we had the military hygiene and the technical-scientific development of the Army Forces as axis of this study, in order to identify the main changes that occurred in the Army Services of Brazil and the Cuerpo de Sanidad of Argentina, as well as the political implications of the time. The time frame is related to the emergence and modernization of the Cuerpo de Sanidad in Argentina and the modernization of the Brazilian Health Service Army. It ends in the year 1930 because of its significance in the historiography of these two countries mainly due to the "revolutionary" movements and its implications of a new political, economic, social and military order. As for the theoretical-methodological approach, the work based in the comparative method study and also, in the notion of uneven and combined development developed by Trotsky. We understand that hiring foreign military missions by Latin American countries in order to modernize their armies, were a way of adapting in these countries the evolutionary process occurred in the armies of developed countries. By utilizing the experiences of Argentina and Brazil in hiring military missions, we can imply that in the process of modernization and technical-scientific development significant changes occurs in the armies Bodies Health.

This thesis details my contribution to the literature on military surgery, based on both front-line surgical experiences as well as research carried out on causes of death and disability, particularly in relation to limb injuries, the most common site of wounding in conflict. Injury analysis (6 papers). Injury prevention/mitigation (5 papers). Management (8 papers). Outcome (13 papers). Education (9 papers).

Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Crawford, Alice M. Second Reader: Fann, Gail L. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 30, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Military Health Care. Author(s) subject terms: Military Health Care. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82). Also available in print.

Abstract The psychological workload a pilot is exposed to during military flying is considered to be high, and good stress tolerance is needed. During military flying a huge amount of environmental information is transformed to neural signals which finally lead to motor and behavioral changes, and also to chemial secretion of neuroendocrine hormones. This study deals with neuroendocrine measurements performed in four procedures: psychomotor test during military pilot selection, instrument flying (IFR) with piston-engine primary trainer, real and simulated jet trainer flight, and simulated combat fighter flight. Neuroendocrine hormones, hypothalamic CRH, pituitary ACTH, beta-endorphin, prolactin and vasopressin, the adrenal hormones cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline and a cardiac hormone, ANP, were assayed from plasma by using immunoassay and HPLC techniques. In the psychomotor test (procedure 1) plasma prolactin, ACTH and cortisol responses were associated with a high number of delayed responses, which was used as an indicator of information overload. Anticipatory type ACTH response, i.e. high ACTH level before the test, predicted poor overall result in the psychomotor test. In response to IFR flying (procedure II) the student pilots showed increased plasma prolactin, ACTH, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels. Postflight adrenaline response correlated significantly with poor flight performance as well as a poor psychomotor test result. Low emotional control and high performance motivation measured by an aviation psychologist correlated significantly with neuroendocrine responses after the instrument flight. Flight with jet trainer (procedure III) led to increased plasma prolactin levels, evidently due to psychological workload, but no statistically significant plasma prolactin increase was found in the simulator. This suggests that psychological workload in the flight simulator is lower compared to real jet trainer. A significant ANP response to jet trainer flight was apparently associated with increased heart rate due to psychological workload of the flight mission. Simulated combat fighter flight (procedure IV) resulted in an anticipatory type stress reaction as judged from the elevated preflight plasma ACTH, and a direct type reaction was observed in cortisol. In one pilot the neuroendocrine activation was extreme and global, suggesting low stress tolerance under high information load. Increased neuroendocrine activation is associated with psychological workload of military flying. Neuroendocrine measurements can be used in a follow-up system of military pilots.

Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1995.<br>Thesis advisor(s): David R. Henderson, Francois Melese. "December 1995." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.

An increasing evidence base is evolving which attempts to understand the consequences of the deployment of military troops to war zones and what may mediate these. Chapter one critically appraises the literature examining the link between secure attachment style classification, the dimensions of attachment anxiety and avoidance and operational stress injury. The results indicate that the reviewed articles used a variety of attachment measures, including discourse and self-report measures, which produce different results about the relationship between adult attachment and operational stress injury. The methodological limitations of the studies and implications of these findings for psychological therapies are discussed. Suggestions for future research are made, including longitudinal studies which measure attachment and mental health prior to deployment, and whether certain personality variables mediate the relationship between attachment and operational stress injury. Chapter two presents a qualitative analysis of the experiences of and roles played by the partners of military personnel receiving care for operationally-attributed mental health difficulties. Similar research has been carried out internationally, but as far as the author is aware British military partners had not been investigated. Grounded theory analysis of semi-structured interviews led to the development of a theoretical model, which explains the effect of operational events on service members and their partners, and the ways adopted to manage these. It is suggested that enhanced understanding of this process, aided by communication and services, helps to dissipate the couples’ distress, although barriers to communication and services were identified. Results are discussed in accordance with existing literature. Implications for service provision to deliver information and support for partners, and ideas for future research which tests the effects of partners receiving these, are made. Chapter three is a reflective paper based upon the thoughts, opinions and experiences the author had whilst carrying out the literature review and empirical research.