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1
White-Stanley, Debra Marie. "Foreign Bodies: Military Medicine, Modernism and Melodrama." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195151.
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Foreign Bodies: Military Medicine, Modernism and Melodrama traces how representations of warfare in the modernist novel, girls' romances, nursing memoirs, and war films dramatize the humanitarian disaster of war through the figure of woman. My analysis focuses on the visual and literary poetics of violence as troped in and through the bodies of combat nurses. The "uncanny" serves as a lens to explore the complex links between gendered war work and the radical transgression of the boundaries of the nation state and the body experienced during wartime. To establish the unique explanatory power of the uncanny for gender issues, I trace how feminist and postcolonial theorists have revised Freud's analysis of the uncanny. I trace medical metaphors of wounding and infection in the novel and various cinematic adaptations of A Farewell to Arms (1932, 1951, 1957, 1996). I read the letters and diaries of World War I nurse Agnes von Kurowsky against the censored memoirs of American nurses Mary Borden and Ellen La Motte. I show how the uncanny aesthetic adopted by Ernest Hemingway in A Farewell to Arms is subverted by these women writers. I explore how these uncanny aesthetics also manifest in adolescent nursing romances from Sue Barton to Cherry Ames. With the onset of World War II, I trace how the discourse of foreign bodies in relation to the metaphor of malaria in the South Pacific. Focusing on the portrayal of the Japanese foreign body, often encoded through off-screen sound, I demonstrate how medical metaphors of malaria operate in films portraying nursing in the South Pacific such as So Proudly We Hail (1943) and Cry Havoc (1943). Turning to the Korean and Vietnam Wars, I explore the representation of post-traumatic stress disorder in M*A*S*H (1970) and in nursing memoirs such as American Daughter Gone to War (1992) and Home Before Morning (1983). I bring this history of nursing representation to bear on media texts concerning the war in Iraq including Baghdad E.R. (HBO, 2006).
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Ly, Jane. "The Effectiveness of Military Medicine in Counterinsurgency Campaigns." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623469.
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A Thesis submitted to The University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Medicine.While medical diplomacy has played a large role in US counterinsurgency (COIN) campaigns, few studies have been done to show their effectiveness. This study is a systematic review based on literature published by July 2014, looking at military medicine’s role in Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF). Both scientific and military databases were searched and yielded an initial 1,204 papers; however, these were later narrowed down to four articles, mostly restricted by the requirement of structured, scientific methods. These four studies were not well‐powered and focused on such different topics that no real conclusion could be drawn on the topic. In the end, the real value of the study was to show that despite the significant amount of resources poured into these COIN medical operations, very little study has been done to see if they have any effect.
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Cardoso, Rachel Motta. "A higiene militar: um estudo comparado entre o Serviço de Saúde do Exército Brasileiro e o Cuerpo de Sanidad do Exército Argentino (1888-1930)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2013. http://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/16142.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Nosso objetivo com o presente trabalho é compreender as influências dos exércitos da Alemanha e da França no processo de modernização dos Serviços de Saúde dos exércitos de dois países da América Latina: Argentina e Brasil. Além disso, procuramos entender como as influências de saberes médicos daquelas escolas europeias estiveram presentes no cenário médico militar dos serviços de saúde destes países sul americanos. Para tal, temos a higiene militar e o desenvolvimento técnico-científico das Forças Armadas como eixo de nossos estudos para identificarmos as principais mudanças sofridas no Serviço de Saúde, do Brasil, e no Cuerpo de Sanidad da Argentina, bem como suas relações/implicações políticas à época. Nosso recorte temporal está relacionado com o surgimento do Cuerpo de Sanidad, bem como o processo de modernização deste e do Serviço de Saúde do exército brasileiro. Já o ano de 1930 foi escolhido em função do seu significado na historiografia destes dois países e, principalmente, por um novo quadro político, econômico, social e militar em função de seus movimentos revolucionários . Quanto à nossa abordagem teórico-metodológica, além do estudo comparado, partimos da noção de desenvolvimento desigual e combinado desenvolvido por Trotsky. Entendemos que a busca pela adequação ao processo evolutivo dos exércitos dos países centrais se deu em diversos países da América Latina a partir da contratação de missões estrangeiras para modernizarem seus exércitos. Ao utilizar as experiências da Argentina e do Brasil na contratação de missões deste tipo, podemos generalizar o tema, ou seja, generalizar a forma como o processo de modernização e do desenvolvimento técnico-científico implica mudanças nos Corpos de Saúde destes exércitos.
This work intends to comprehend the influences of the French and Germany armies in the process of modernization of the Armies Health Services of two countries of Latin America: Argentina e Brazil. Besides, we trying to understand how such influences were incorporated in the medical military scenery of these South American countries. For such, we had the military hygiene and the technical-scientific development of the Army Forces as axis of this study, in order to identify the main changes that occurred in the Army Services of Brazil and the Cuerpo de Sanidad of Argentina, as well as the political implications of the time. The time frame is related to the emergence and modernization of the Cuerpo de Sanidad in Argentina and the modernization of the Brazilian Health Service Army. It ends in the year 1930 because of its significance in the historiography of these two countries mainly due to the "revolutionary" movements and its implications of a new political, economic, social and military order. As for the theoretical-methodological approach, the work based in the comparative method study and also, in the notion of uneven and combined development developed by Trotsky. We understand that hiring foreign military missions by Latin American countries in order to modernize their armies, were a way of adapting in these countries the evolutionary process occurred in the armies of developed countries. By utilizing the experiences of Argentina and Brazil in hiring military missions, we can imply that in the process of modernization and technical-scientific development significant changes occurs in the armies Bodies Health.
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Clasper, Jonathan C. "Mortality and orthopaedic injury following military trauma." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8964/.
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This thesis details my contribution to the literature on military surgery, based on both front-line surgical experiences as well as research carried out on causes of death and disability, particularly in relation to limb injuries, the most common site of wounding in conflict. Injury analysis (6 papers). Injury prevention/mitigation (5 papers). Management (8 papers). Outcome (13 papers). Education (9 papers).
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Sandoval, Amanda. "Stress fractures in female military recruits is increased body-fat harmful? /." [New Haven, Conn. : s.n.], 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-12092008-155129/.
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Fite, Amalie Ruth. "The Military Health Service System beneficiary satisfaction and an option for change /." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA241784.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Crawford, Alice M. Second Reader: Fann, Gail L. "December 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on March 30, 2010. DTIC Identifier(s): Military Health Care. Author(s) subject terms: Military Health Care. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82). Also available in print.
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Wald, Erica Lauren. "Vice, medicine, the military and the making of Colonial India, 1780-1880." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252156.
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Leino, T. (Tuomo). "Neuroendocrine responses to psychological workload of military flying." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514254716.
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Abstract
The psychological workload a pilot is exposed to during military flying is considered to be high, and good stress tolerance is needed. During military flying a huge amount of environmental information is transformed to neural signals which finally lead to motor and behavioral changes, and also to chemial secretion of neuroendocrine hormones.
This study deals with neuroendocrine measurements performed in four procedures: psychomotor test during military pilot selection, instrument flying (IFR) with piston-engine primary trainer, real and simulated jet trainer flight, and simulated combat fighter flight. Neuroendocrine hormones, hypothalamic CRH, pituitary ACTH, beta-endorphin, prolactin and vasopressin, the adrenal hormones cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline and a cardiac hormone, ANP, were assayed from plasma by using immunoassay and HPLC techniques.
In the psychomotor test (procedure 1) plasma prolactin, ACTH and cortisol responses were associated with a high number of delayed responses, which was used as an indicator of information overload. Anticipatory type ACTH response, i.e. high ACTH level before the test, predicted poor overall result in the psychomotor test. In response to IFR flying (procedure II) the student pilots showed increased plasma prolactin, ACTH, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels. Postflight adrenaline response correlated significantly with poor flight performance as well as a poor psychomotor test result. Low emotional control and high performance motivation measured by an aviation psychologist correlated significantly with neuroendocrine responses after the instrument flight. Flight with jet trainer (procedure III) led to increased plasma prolactin levels, evidently due to psychological workload, but no statistically significant plasma prolactin increase was found in the simulator. This suggests that psychological workload in the flight simulator is lower compared to real jet trainer. A significant ANP response to jet trainer flight was apparently associated with increased heart rate due to psychological workload of the flight mission. Simulated combat fighter flight (procedure IV) resulted in an anticipatory type stress reaction as judged from the elevated preflight plasma ACTH, and a direct type reaction was observed in cortisol. In one pilot the neuroendocrine activation was extreme and global, suggesting low stress tolerance under high information load.
Increased neuroendocrine activation is associated with psychological workload of military flying. Neuroendocrine measurements can be used in a follow-up system of military pilots.
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Rubison, Laura L. "The U.S. Military Health Service System and socialized medicine : a contrast and comparison /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA306673.
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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1995.Thesis advisor(s): David R. Henderson, Francois Melese. "December 1995." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Langford, Rachel. "Interpersonal relationships and military trauma." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60375/.
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An increasing evidence base is evolving which attempts to understand the consequences of the deployment of military troops to war zones and what may mediate these. Chapter one critically appraises the literature examining the link between secure attachment style classification, the dimensions of attachment anxiety and avoidance and operational stress injury. The results indicate that the reviewed articles used a variety of attachment measures, including discourse and self-report measures, which produce different results about the relationship between adult attachment and operational stress injury. The methodological limitations of the studies and implications of these findings for psychological therapies are discussed. Suggestions for future research are made, including longitudinal studies which measure attachment and mental health prior to deployment, and whether certain personality variables mediate the relationship between attachment and operational stress injury. Chapter two presents a qualitative analysis of the experiences of and roles played by the partners of military personnel receiving care for operationally-attributed mental health difficulties. Similar research has been carried out internationally, but as far as the author is aware British military partners had not been investigated. Grounded theory analysis of semi-structured interviews led to the development of a theoretical model, which explains the effect of operational events on service members and their partners, and the ways adopted to manage these. It is suggested that enhanced understanding of this process, aided by communication and services, helps to dissipate the couples’ distress, although barriers to communication and services were identified. Results are discussed in accordance with existing literature. Implications for service provision to deliver information and support for partners, and ideas for future research which tests the effects of partners receiving these, are made. Chapter three is a reflective paper based upon the thoughts, opinions and experiences the author had whilst carrying out the literature review and empirical research.
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Engelbrecht, Susanna G. "Adherence to the medicine code list in primary health care military clinics in Gauteng." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/208.
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Thesis (MSc.(Med.)(Pharmacy))--University of Limpopo, 2010.According to the World Health Organisation, there should be an essential medicines list in every functioning health care system in the world. The Department of Health of South Africa published its first Essential Drugs List for Primary Health Care in 1996 and for paediatric and hospital use in 1998. The South African Defence Force published its Military Medicine Code List (MMCL) in 2002. Since the implementation of the code list in the military service, no research study has been undertaken to determine adherence to the code list by prescribers or to determine indicators for possible non-adherence to the MMCL. The main aim of the study was to evaluate prescribing adherence to the MMCL list by doctors and nurses in the Primary Health Care military clinics in Gauteng. Further objectives were to establish indicators for non-adherence and provide suggestions to improve adherence, to determine to which drugs non-adherence was directed and to determine the average number of items prescribed per prescription. A cross-sectional, mainly quantitative, descriptive study was conducted at 14 military PHC dispensing points in Gauteng. Data were collected retrospectively from 838 prescriptions, of which 348 were written by doctors and 490 by nurses. A questionnaire was used to collect data prospectively from seven doctors and 34 nurses on their perceptions of the use of the MMCL. The prescriptions were analysed for adherence to the stipulations of the MMCL. Proportions of adherent prescriptions and items were compared between prescriber type (doctors and nurses), facility type (pharmacies and dispensaries) and facility location (Northern Region, close to 1 Military Hospital and Southern Region), using the Chi-square test. Non-adherent items were tabulated and grouped. Data from the questionnaires were analysed descriptively. Indicators for possible non-adherence and suggestions for improvement of adherence were listed and grouped. The average number of items per prescription was 3.4. Overall, 89.9% of prescriptions (n=838) and 96.4% of items (n=2832) were adherent to the MMCL. xii More prescriptions written by doctors (96,8%) were adherent, compared to nurses (84,9%; P<0.001). Only a few items were responsible for non-adherence. Nonadherent items specifically for nurses included corticoid nasal sprays, azithromycin, meloxicam and ispagula husks. Adherence of prescriptions dispensed in dispensaries (no pharmacist) (93.0%) was higher compared to pharmacies (87.0%; P<0.004). Prescriptions from facilities in the South of Gauteng (96.5%) were more adherent than those near 1 Military Hospital (North) (87.7%; P<0.001). Reasons for non-adherence included staff shortages, implementation and availability of the MMCL, absence of standard treatment guidelines (STGs) in the MMCL and delayed referrals to specialist departments. Suggestions for improvement of adherence to the MMCL included better implementation and distribution of the code list, addressing staff shortages, including Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) in the code list and improving the referral system from clinics to hospitals.
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Onate, Danelle Marie, and Danelle Marie Onate. "Well-being in Military Reserve Health Care Providers Post Deployment or Mobilization." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626677.
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Purpose: To describe well-being in military reserve health care providers post deployment or mobilization
Background: A comprehensive literature review exhibited that during a deployment or mobilization, military health care providers endure stressful and uncomfortable situations, spend time away from their family, friends and usual home comforts leaving them feeling completely changed. These circumstances can negatively affect a provider’s well-being. Moreover, although the literature outlines military and psychological symptoms including combat stressors, mental health concerns such as depression and anxiety, job stress, work performance and resiliency, there is a gap in the literature regarding well-being among military health care providers post deployment or mobilization.
Methods: This project used a qualitative descriptive methodology with face-to-face interviews to describe the phenomenon of well-being among three United States reserve military health care providers post deployment or mobilization. Data was collected using semi-structured, open ended questions, allowing the participants an opportunity to discuss and further elaborate on their experiences, perspectives and feelings. Each interview began with pre-established questions and further questions and discussions were guided by the participants’ earlier responses. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed into text, allowing me to identify commonalities of experiences, perspectives and feelings among the participants.
Results: Analysis of the interview data revealed information associated with transitions and can be grouped into five categories. The categories that impacted the participants’ well-being post deployment or mobilization include: separation from family and friends, austere living conditions, exhaustion from long work hours, consecutive work days without days off and being unprepared for what was to come.
Implications: This project describes well-being in military reserve health care providers post deployment or mobilization. Findings from this small project may be used to develop research studies to describe and understand the concept of well-being among military health care providers. Armed with better understanding, we could then develop interventions to prepare our military health care providers to deliver high quality care during overseas deployment or mobilization while also maintaining their physical and mental well-being.
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Barker, Tom. "The military applications of near infrared spectroscopy in trauma." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6732/.
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This work examines tissue oxygenation (StO2), as measured by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), as tool for assessing trauma patients, with particular emphasis on its use in the deployed military environment. Resting StO2 values were examined and found to vary significantly between monitoring sites. Exercise was associated with a significant increase in StO2. Comparing the sensitivities of different NIRS monitoring sites in detecting simulated hypovolaemia, the forearm and deltoid were found be the most sensitive sites. The thenar eminence and brain were not sensitive to mild degrees of hypovolaemia. The administration of morphine was found to attenuate the StO2 response to hypovolaemia at all sites. In a porcine trauma model changes in StO2 recorded from both injured and uninjured muscle sites phase led those of base excess and lactate by 31–37 minutes, and demonstrate that injured monitoring sites can be used to accurately track patients’ response to resuscitation. In the deployed military setting NIRS was found to be a robust, easy to use technique for the initial assessment of patients. Although StO2 was not demonstrable superior to a combination of pulse rate and blood pressure it has several practical advantages that make it a useful adjunct to contemporary trauma care.
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Doerle, Samuel Michael. "Military Medical Ethics: Intersections of Virtue and Duty." NEOMED College of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ne2gs1619696140569755.
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Vallet, Victor Jay. "Infection and Infectious Disease US Military Medicine in the Pacific Theater of Operations during WWII." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193017.
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Perry, Mark J. "For better or for worse, in sickness and in health inpatient outcomes and patient satisfaction in the military health services system /." Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/35024325.html.
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Mihara, Thomas G. "Measuring the Efficient Utilization of Medical Personnel at Navy Military Treatment Facilities." Thesis, Monterey, California : Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA237029.
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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 1990.Thesis Advisor(s): Johnson, L. Second Reader: Whipple, D. R. "June 1990." Description based on title screen as viewed on October 19, 2009. DTIC Indicator(s): Naval Hospitals, MHSS(Military Health Services System), Measures of effectiveness, Evaluation, DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis), Military Medicine, Economics, Statistical Analysis, MTF(Medical Treatment Facility), Efficiency, Effectiveness, Productivity. Author(s) subject terms: Effectiveness, efficiency, health, hospital, medical, MHSS, MOE, MTF, productivity. Includes bibliographical references (p. 120-125). Also available in print.
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Alshaabani, Tariq Lafi. "A descriptive study of the standard operating procedures for disaster response in the Saudi Arabian military health services." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31766.
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Background
Saudi Arabia has suffered from disasters commonly in the last decade. The Saudi military medical services play a major role in confronting these events, but there are anecdotal challenges with their planning and response systems. Currently, disaster planning in Saudi Arabia appears to be undertaken in some detail, but the medical response to disasters is fragmented. This study aimed to review and assess the standard operating procedures for disaster response in the Saudi Arabian military health services.
Methods
We undertook a prospective, survey-based assessment of disaster response. We sought all disaster plans and Standard Operating Procedures from management and emergency department leadership at each of the 13 Military hospitals. We used a standardised survey tool to evaluate facility disaster planning. This tool gathers quantitative data using close-ended questions and open-ended commentary surrounding a hospital’s disaster response operating procedures.
Results
There was wide variability in the hospitals across the 20 themes in the survey. While most hospitals have a disaster plan, an up to date version was not always available. Key issues were identified in: management of contaminated patients; coordination of visitors, volunteers and extra staff; media management, and collaboration with other agencies.
Conclusion
The study highlighted a number of strengths in facility disaster preparedness, and a number of aspects where concerted efforts are required to improve the situation. In general, most hospitals had reasonable disaster plans in place, although none covered all the recommended areas in sufficient detail.
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McCarren, Gillian A. "The Impact of Dual Task Shooting on Knee Kinematics and Kinetics." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556214323893082.
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McLeod, Judith Dawn. "An investigation of changes in tissue oxygenation in military casualties during aeromedical evacuation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6698/.
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Optimal management of British military personnel injured in Afghanistan is best achieved in the United Kingdom; therefore aeromedical evacuation (AE) is arranged, often within the first 24 hours for the most severely injured casualties. However, early aeromedical evacuation carries its own risks, which must be considered prior to emplaning any casualty. The study aim was to investigate whether changes in tissue oxygenation occur in military casualties during aeromedical evacuation. Near infra-red spectroscopy was used in a series of studies designed to test the sensitivity of the tissue oxygen saturation monitoring technique in volunteers exposed to simulated altitude and simulated hypovolaemia. Changes in tissue oxygen saturation readings were detected in the volunteers, so an observational study was undertaken to determine whether changes in tissue oxygen saturation occur in military trauma casualties during aeromedical evacuation. Whilst the majority of casualties did not demonstrate any significant change in readings, some casualties did demonstrate reduced tissue oxygen saturation readings during their flights, although these changes were not reflected in systemic physiological monitoring techniques. Having identified that changes do occur, further work is required to investigate the cause, significance and outcome of these changes in order to fully appreciate the findings of the current study.
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Bergman, Beverly P. "The Scottish veterans health study : a retrospective cohort study of 57,000 military veterans and 173,000 matched non-veterans." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7144/.
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Introduction: Although the health of military personnel who have taken part in specific conflicts has been studied throughout the 20th century, there is a paucity of evidence on the long-term overall impact of military service on health. This thesis describes the establishment of and findings from the Scottish Veterans Health Study, a retrospective cohort study comparing the health outcomes of veterans with those of people with no record of service, in order to determine whether the long-term health of military veterans living in Scotland differed from that of people who had never served in the armed forces. Methods: The study population comprised all 57,000 military veterans born between 1945 and 1985 who were resident in Scotland both before and after military service, together with a 3:1 comparison group of 173,000 people with no record of service, matched for age, sex and postcode sector of residence. The demographic data were extracted from the National Health Service Central Registry database and were linked electronically to the National Health Service Scottish Morbidity Record and national vital records data for acute and psychiatric hospital admissions, psychiatric day-case admissions, cancer registrations and death certificate data. Survival analysis was used to determine hazard ratios for those health conditions and outcomes considered to be of a priori interest, overall, by sex, by birth cohort and by length and period of service, both univariately and after adjusting for deprivation. Results: Veterans were at significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to non-veterans overall, and of acute myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial disease specifically. Subgroup analysis showed the increased risk to be confined to veterans born between 1945 and 1959, reducing in more recent birth cohorts. The risk was highest in veterans who left after only a short period of service (Early Service Leavers), whilst those who served for longest exhibited a similar risk of cardiovascular disease to all non-veterans. Veterans were at no higher overall risk of cancer than non-veterans, although there were major differences in the risk of specific cancers, which changed over time. The oldest veterans had an increased risk of cancer of the lung, oropharynx and larynx, oesophagus and stomach; the risks of these cancers reduced in more recent birth cohorts. The 1960-1964 birth cohort showed an increased risk of both bladder cancer and pancreatic cancer in comparison with non-veterans. There were increased risks of ovarian cancer in veteran women compared with non-veterans, and of breast cancer in longer-serving women. The risk of cervical cancer decreased in more recent birth cohorts. There were no differences in the risk of colorectal cancer or prostate cancer in veterans, overall or in any subgroup. There was no clear evidence of increased risk of lymphohaematopoietic cancer in veterans. Veterans were at increased risk of motor neuron disease, but not of multiple sclerosis. Veterans were at increased risk of peptic ulcer disease for all birth cohorts up to the mid-1960s but not thereafter; the risk was highest in those with the shortest service. Hepatitis C was less common in veterans than in non-veterans, in all subgroups. Analysis of mental health outcomes showed that the greatest burden of ill-health was among Early Service Leavers, whilst veterans who completed at least a minimum length of engagement were not at increased risk compared with non-veterans, except for post-traumatic stress disorder. The results for post-traumatic stress disorder, in both veterans and non-veterans, demonstrated a complexity which could not be reconciled with any operational exposure or conventional clinical pattern, but which may have reflected a ‘hidden iceberg’ of unmet need in the late 1990s which was uncovered by increasing awareness of the condition. Longer service was generally associated with better mental health. Veterans were at no greater risk of suicide than non-veterans; the risk was independent of length of service. Veteran women exhibited a risk profile for mental health outcomes which more closely resembled that of veteran men; this was especially marked for suicide. Veterans were not at increased risk of alcoholic liver disease overall; the only subgroup to show an increase in risk was Early Service Leavers who had completed training, and there was also evidence of increased risk of some alcohol-related cancers in trained Early Service Leavers. Interpretation: Older veterans demonstrated an increased risk of smoking-related ill-health, including cardiovascular and respiratory disease and the smoking-related cancers, which is consistent with reported high rates of military smoking in the 1960s and early 1970s. Overall, there has been an improvement in health of veterans compared with the non-serving population in more recent generations, suggesting that the increased emphasis on health promotion and physical fitness in the armed forces since the late 1970s has been effective. Major alcohol problems were no more common in veterans than in the wider community, and were most likely to affect those who left earliest, although not those who left whilst still in training. Longer service was generally associated with better long-term health. Early Service Leavers had poorer health outcomes than longer-serving veterans, but the ability to stratify by length of service demonstrated that the poorest outcomes were in those who did not complete initial training. It is likely that their long-term health outcomes have been predominantly influenced by pre-service and post-service health and behavioural factors which, at a pre-service level, may have also contributed to their failure to complete the minimum military engagement, rather than by their short period of military service. The early period of service appears to act as an extension to the screening process for entry to service, filtering out those who prove least suited to service. The Early Service Leavers therefore form a ‘less healthy leaver’ group which is the counterpart to the longer-serving ‘healthy worker effect’; their status as veterans means that they can be identified within the community, unlike most other occupational leaver groups, but their poorer long-term health is unlikely to be due to military occupational factors. Improved understanding of the determinants of veterans’ health will inform the provision of appropriate health and community services to meet their needs.
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Egbufoama, Jane. "Screening and Educating Military Veterans About Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5183.
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Veterans are at increased risk for developing mental illnesses because of separation from families, distressing experiences in the military, and previous injury to the brain. Approximately 30% of U.S. veterans returning from war suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The incidence of acute PTSD is reduced when victims are aware of the condition and its associated factors. Through education and screening, the project bridged the gap between deployment of military veterans and treatment of PTSD in this population by addressing whether screening veterans and providing an educational process affected veterans' early PTSD recognition and treatment. The project study addressed the impact of staff education on identifying undiagnosed PTSD among veterans at the project site. The project was guided by the adult learning theory that was applied to fit the self-efficacy model. Data collection included screening of 99 veterans by clinic staff members using the PTSD checklist. Staff members also completed pretests and posttests before and after the education program. Results indicated that staff members demonstrated increased knowledge of the PTSD from pretest (50%) to posttest (93%). Of the veterans screened in the project, 30(30%) tested positive for PTSD and were referred to psychiatrists for treatment and medication to ameliorate the symptoms. Findings may be used to encourage implementation of PTSD screening and education in health care organizations ensuring positive social change by veterans suffering from PTSD and the care they need early in the progression of PTSD development.
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Schnaubelt, Andrew. "Factors Influencing a Military Blood Donor’s Intention to Donate: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2228.
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In the United States, blood product availability is dependent entirely on donations from volunteer blood donors. Current trends in blood collection and utilization raise concerns about the ability to meet future demands for blood products. At a time of high demand and deferrals, the Armed Services Blood Program has been unable to meet its requirements for blood and consequently needs to purchase blood from civilian agencies to meet the dual demands of the military community at home, as well as those deployed around the world. This creates a need to better understand the military blood donor in an effort to recruit and retain those relative few who are willing and eligible to donate. The purpose of this survey-based research is to characterize the demographics of the military blood donor and to understand, through descriptive and regression analysis, the relationship between a donor’s attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control and their intention to donate blood again in the next six months. The study uses the framework of the theory of planned behavior to design the survey and evaluate relationships between the theoretical constructs. Descriptive analysis results of the sample demographics describe the typical respondent as White, young, male, and a junior service member. Results of the multivariate regression analysis showed that a respondent’s attitude toward blood donation and perceived behavioral control over donating blood were positively related to their intention to donate again in the next six months. However, contrary to the theory, there was no statistically significant relationship between the influence of subjective norms and intention to donate again. This study is the first to apply a theoretical framework to identify those factors that influence a military blood donor to donate blood. Further, it has taken steps to provide a clear description of the typical military blood donor. Future experimental research can now be designed with the aim of developing efficient and effective blood donor recruiting and retention campaigns. Specifically, the understanding of the demographics of the population allows targeted interventions to underrepresented groups, and theoretical research will further guide interventions that target those important motivational factors influencing blood donation.
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Blundell, Laura. "Lived experiences and weight management : being within, and moving on from, the military." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/60241/.
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Chapter one adopts a systematic review methodology in order to identify relevant evidence concerning the clinical effectiveness of weight management programmes in the military. It explores the success of such programmes that adopt cognitive-behavioural components as part of their treatment approach as opposed to standard care offered by the military. The paper also offers areas for further research, particularly focused on the need for more longitudinal evidence of the success of these programmes and the longer term outcomes for an individual‟s career. Chapter two presents the empirical paper of the thesis. It describes a phenomenological qualitative study of UK army veterans‟ lived experiences of transition from military to civilian life. It explores how veterans have perceived the challenges of this transition and their experience of the support they have received from various services. Analysis revealed three major themes that captured the lived experiences of these veterans; centred on the consequences of leaving the army, surviving initial civilian life and reconstruction of an identity as a veteran. Chapter three presents a reflective paper that offers insights into the research journey of the main author and reflections of being on a clinical placement within a community mental health team for the Ministry of Defence. It was found that this was an asset in understanding the applicability of research findings to an everyday clinical setting. This paper also offers experiences and reflections of being a woman in a patriarchal multidisciplinary team; many of whom served in the British army themselves.
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Caldara, Gabrielle. "Exploration of Rape Myths Among Former Military Professionals." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3376.
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Sexual violence is sometimes considered a taboo topic for discussion, but it gained widespread attention in the media in late 2017 due to the social movements addressing the sexual assault of women. However, sexual violence perpetrated against men lacks publicity in America, and highlights a similar situation in the Armed Forces. A discussion of sexually violent acts committed against men is sometimes impeded by cultural norms. This discrepancy associated with civilian and military communities inspired this exploratory study.
A convenience sample of 520 former American military professionals completed an anonymous online survey to describe their attitudes and beliefs regarding rape myths. The survey included basic demographics followed by 20 questions with dichotomous responses addressing male and female rape myths, empathy, belief in a just world and gender attitudes. Responses to each question were analyzed, followed by composite scoring for rape myths, empathy and gender attitude questions. Bivariate correlation analysis was performed to examine significant relationships. Ordinal and bivariate logistic regressions were completed to predict adherence to male rape myths.
The exploratory nature of the survey provided a glimpse of veterans' views and indicated the majority, 317 (61.1%) of veterans did not adhere to any of the listed male rape myths, and 311 (59.6%) of veterans did not agree with the female rape myths. The ordinal logistic regression model predicted that empathy for male survivors and disagreement with some patriarchal gender attitudes were significantly associated with decreased acceptance of male rape myths in the sample of veterans. Significant predictors of male rape myths in the bivariate logistic regression model included increased empathy (Exp(B) = 6.373, CI [2.740, 14.822]), agreement with patriarchal gender attitudes (Exp(B) = 5.598, CI [2.059, 15.219]), and adherence to female rape myths (Exp(B) = 1.969, CI [.993, 3.904]).
These results emphasized popular misinformation, and the need for education and awareness surrounding rape myths. Strategic suggestions for the military community were aimed at prevention, education, and policy changes. Despite the challenging environment, the topic of sexual violence perpetrated against males is a relevant issue affecting humanity.
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Mesquita, Neto Francisco Duque de. "Estudo Retrospectivo de Babesiose em Eq?inos de Uso Militar com Avalia??o de Casos Cl?nicos e da Bioqu?mica S?rica." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2003. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/829.
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This work was carried out at Cavalry School Regiment of Brazilian Army to analyze clinical occurrence of babesiosis caused by Babesia equi. There were been used half-breed horses with average age of 11 years old, apparently healthy. These horses received handling standard of Military Unit. Biochemistry methods were used to determinate plasmatic proteins, bilirubins, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase and these tests were correlated with occurrence of B. equi at optical microscopy, horse s age and handling, and antibodies against B. equi using indirect immunofluorescence reaction. It s can be concluded that positive serology to babesiosis didn t affected significantly horses body score. Horses handling and lesser laboratorial tests favors Babesiosis by B. equi. Prevalence of B. equi detected by indirect Immunofluorescence Reaction was 90,24%, similar to others works conducted at Rio de Janeiro State, and can be considered an endemic disease. Horses were on a stable enzootic situation and so B. equi can be observed at optical microscopy relatively higher on stabled horses, because they were under stressing conditions, always exposed to return to disease. Plasmatic levels of alkaline phosphatase confirm clinically that horses presented osteopathies and occurrence of hyperglobulinemia and direct bilirrubinemia indicated hepatic damage in horses.
Este trabalho foi realizado no Regimento Escola de Cavalaria do Ex?rcito Brasileiro, com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorr?ncia cl?nica de babesiose por Babesia equi. Foram utilizados eq?inos sem ra?a definida, com a m?dia de idade de 11 anos e aparentemente sadios. Os eq?inos receberam o manejo padr?o da Unidade Militar. Foram executadas as t?cnicas bioqu?micas para a dosagem das prote?nas, bilirrubinas, fosfatase alcalina e lactato desidrogenase, com a finalidade de avaliar os valores destes com o esfrega?o sang??neo, o manejo, a idade, a sorologia para a detec??o de anticorpos anti-Babesia equi por imunofluoresc?ncia indireta. As conclus?es deste trabalho foram as seguintes: a sorologia positiva para a babesiose n?o interfere significativamente no estado corporal dos animais; o tipo de manejo e o reduzido acompanhamento laboratorial propiciam a ocorr?ncia da doen?a provocada pela B. equi. A preval?ncia de 90,24% de B.equi pela rea??o de imunofluoresc?ncia indireta, observada nos eq?inos foi semelhante ? relatada em outros trabalhos realizados no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, o que faz-se considerar o plantel estudado como end?mico para esta doen?a. Os animais encontravam-se em situa??o de estabilidade enzo?tica conseq?entemente, a observa??o da B. equi na microscopia ?ptica foi relativamente alta nos eq?inos aquartelados, indicando condi??es de estresse e o risco de reagudizac?o da doen?a. Os n?veis plasm?ticos da fosfatase alcalina indicam que plantel sofre osteopatias desmineralizantes e, a ocorr?ncia de hiperglobulinemia e bilirrubinemia direta indica de dano hep?tico nos eq?inos.
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Taylor, Stephanie C. "The bare necessities? : a comparative study of the material evidence for Roman medical practice in urban domestic and army spheres /." St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/400.
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Kelly, Catherine. "'Not surgeons alone, but medical officers' : the effects of the French revolutionary and Napoleonic wars on British military medicine." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496574.
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Larsson, Helena. "Premature discharge from military service : risk factors and preventive interventions /." Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2009/978-91-7409-435-0/thesis.pdf.
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Pearson, Julie Ann. "Perceived Deprivation in Active Duty Military Nurse Anesthetists." Also available to VCU users online:, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1784.
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Lahtinen, T. (Taija). "Radio speech communication and workload in military aviation:a human factors perspective." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2016. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526214283.
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Abstract Military aviation is characterised by challenging working environments. Even though flying is a heavily visual task, much of the most important information is expressed aurally, via radio. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of radio communication in military aviation environments, the effect of workload on radio communication, as well as the functionality of a new hearing protection system. Flight simulator (F/A-18 Hornet simulator) and heart rate analysis were used to analyse the effect of an increased workload on radio communication. In addition to this, two survey studies were conducted, the first to investigate the prevalence and nature of radio communication problems in military aviation environments, and the second for evaluating the functionality of a new hearing protection solution (moulded communication ear plugs, m-CEPs) for military pilots. In the flight simulator, pilots’ heart rate reflected the level of mental workload. Changes in radio communication were observed during a high workload: The total amount of communication, as well as informing and requesting messages increased. A decrease in acknowledgements was observed. This reflects a change in the team communication tactics during information-loaded flight phases. In survey studies, radio speech communication problems occurred during 14% of the flight time. The most prevalent problems included multiple speakers and overlapping speech on the radio frequency band, missing acknowledgments, and high background noise, especially during helicopter operations. During their career, 18% of the respondents had encountered a potentially dangerous event caused by radio communication problems. The pilots reported a high motivation to use enhanced hearing protection systems. m-CEPs were shown to be a promising tool for improving hearing protection and radio communication: they were considered to be better than the previous hearing protectors, and the pilots reported that they improve the experienced speech intelligibility. However, discomfort and technical problems remain a problem. In the challenging hearing conditions of military aviation, the high quality of radio communication and hearing protection remain important. In the future, radio communication training should be improved and focused on team communication training. The technical development of hearing protection devices should be continued to assure the best possible comfort and technical reliabilityTiivistelmä Sotilaslentäjä työskentelee fyysisesti, psyykkisesti ja kognitiivisesti hyvin haastavassa monitehtäväympäristössä. Radiopuheviestinnän onnistuminen on lentoturvallisuuden ja tehtävätehokkuuden kannalta olennaista, sillä merkittävä osa turvallisuuden kannalta kriittisestä informaatiosta välitetään puheella radioteitse. Tämän väitöstutkimuksen tavoitteena on selvittää radiopuheviestinnän ongelmien esiintymistä ja luonnetta, kuormituksen vaikutusta radiopuheviestintään sekä uuden kuulonsuojausjärjestelmän toimivuutta sotilaslentäjän työssä. Tutkimus toteutettiin lentosimulaattorissa sekä kahdella kyselytutkimuksella. F/A-18 Hornet -simulaattorissa tutkittiin sykeanalyysin avulla lentotehtävän psyykkisen kuormituksen vaikutusta radiopuheviestintään. Kyselytutkimuksilla selvitettiin radiopuheviestintäongelmien yleisyyttä ja luonnetta sekä uuteen kuulonsuojausjärjestelmään (yksilöllisesti valettu kommunikaatiokuulosuojain) liittyviä tekijöitä. Sykeanalyysi osoittautui käyttökelpoiseksi psyykkisen kuormituksen arviontiin simulaattorissa. Radiopuheviestintä muuttui kuormittavassa lentovaiheessa: viestinnän määrä lisääntyi; informoivat ja kysyvät viestit lisääntyivät; ja kuittaukset vähenivät. Kyselytutkimuksissa lennon aikaisia radiopuheviestinnän ongelmia raportoitiin esiintyvän 14 % lentoajasta. Suuri puhujien määrä ja päällekkäinen puhe radiojaksolla, kuittausten puuttuminen sekä taustamelu varsinkin helikopteritoiminnassa olivat merkittävimpiä ongelmia. Vastaajista 18 % kertoi kohdanneensa urallaan läheltä piti- tai vaaratilanteen, johon radiopuheviestinnän ongelma oli myötävaikuttanut. Lentäjät olivat hyvin motivoituneita käyttämään uusia kuulonsuojausjärjestelmiä. Yksilöllisesti valetut kommunikaatiokuulosuojaimet vaikuttavat lupaavalta ratkaisulta kuulonsuojauksen ja viestinnän parantamiseen. Lentäjät pitivät niitä parempina kuin aiemmat kuulonsuojausjärjestelmät, ja niiden raportoitiin parantavan puheen ymmärrettävyyttä sotilasilmailun haastavissa kuunteluolosuhteissa. Mukavuusongelmia ja teknisiä ongelmia esiintyi kuitenkin edelleen runsaasti. Sotilasilmailun haastavissa kuunteluolosuhteissa laadukas radioviestintä ja toimiva kuulonsuojaus ovat tärkeitä. Radiopuheviestinnän harjoittelussa tulisi panostaa tehtäviä suorittavien ryhmien keskinäisen viestinnän (team communication) parantamiseen. Kuulonsuojausjärjestelmiä tulee edelleen kehittää
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Almeida, Suzy Darlen Soares de. "Síndrome metabólica no policial militar do estado de Goiás." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2017. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6914.
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OBJECTIVES: (i) to establish the prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) in Military Police Officers (PMs) in Goiás; (Ii) to characterize the epidemiological profile of Goiás MPs with MS; (Iii) establish its risk factors; (Iv) to establish a correlation between the prevalence of MS occurrences and police occurrences (v) to describe their spatial distribution according to the Safe Citizen Program of the State of Goiás. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive, retrospective and transversal study developed with Military Police officers of Military Police of Goiás using the study of a database for the periodic evaluations of the health status of the MPs carried out between 2009 and 2013. The sample was selected according to the selection criteria, which included those with cadastral information and multidisciplinary evaluations Complete and unpaid; And excluded those with cadastral data and incomplete, multi-disciplinary evaluations of the pregnant police officers; With duplicate and triplicate data; With misleading and incomplete typing. Total 6303 police officers, 52.5% of the total population of the study (94.5% in men and 5.5% in women), being distributed according to the regions of the Safe Citizen Program of the State of Goias. The research was divided into: 1st phase - Organization and data collection, 2nd Phase - Application of the diagnostic criteria for the National Cholesterol Education Program Revised, and 3rd Phase - Data analysis - descriptive statistics with spatial distribution using scanning scan of Kulldorff. RESULTS: Of the 6303 PM evaluated, 23.7% (n = 1495) had MS, divided into 22.6% of males and 1.1% of females. The majority were between 40 and 45 years of age (32.4%), with rates increasing above 20% from 35 years, decreasing at 55 years; Married (70.4%); With incomplete secondary education (45.1%); With physical activity below three times per week (55.2%); With Sergeant's patent (45.0%); Nonsmokers (89.8%); With normal sleep (92.1%); And Goiânia (30.3%). Of the components, 58.9% of blood pressure, 42.8% of triglycerides, 30.3% of High Density Lipoprotein, 20.9% of waist circumference and 17.4% of fasting glucose were found in the PMs. SM was not correlated with police occurrences. Body mass index and age were the risk factors associated with higher odds for MS, especially, aged between 40 and 45 years and overweight. The groups with the highest relative risk (1.22) were found in the regions of: Itumbiara, Cidade de Goiás, Iporá, Jataí and Rio Verde, and with the lowest relative risk (0.82) in Goiânia. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of MS among Goiás MPs was 23.7%, being more frequent in subjects aged 40-45 years, married, with incomplete secondary education, with physical activity below three times a week, Sergeants, nonsmokers, with normal sleep and crowded in Goiânia. The risk factors identified were BMI and age, respectively, the most potentiating classes, age between 40 and 45 years and overweight increase the association with MS. No correlation was found between this Syndrome and police occurrences.Concerning its spatial distribution, the biggest frequency were in the regions of: Águas Lindas de Goiás - 31.5%; Porangatu - 29.7%; Rio Verde - 28.9%; Itumbiara - 28.8%; And Iporá - 28.4%.
OBJETIVOS: (i) estabelecer a prevalência da Síndrome Metabólica (SM) em Policiais Militares (PMs) de Goiás; (ii) caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico dos PMs de Goiás portadores de SM; (iii) estabelecer seus fatores de risco; (iv)estabelecer a correlação entre a prevalência da SM com as ocorrências policiais (v) descrever a sua distribuição espacial de acordo com o Programa Cidadão Seguro do Estado de Goiás. METODOLOGIA: Estudo descritivo, retrospectivo e transversal, desenvolvido com sujeitos Policiais Militares da Policia Militar de Goiás por meio do estudo de um banco de dados referente as avaliações periódicas do estado de saúde dos PMs realizadas entre 2009 e 2013. A amostra foi selecionada de acordo com os critérios de seleção, que incluíram aqueles com infomações cadastrais e avaliações multidisciplinar completas e não aponsentados; e excluíram aqueles com dados cadastrais e avaliações por área multidisciplinar incompletos, aponsentados, do policiais grávidas; com dados duplicadas e triplicadas; com digitações equivocadas e incompletas. Totalizando 6303 policiais, 52,5% do total da população do estudo (94,5% em homens e 5,5% em mulheres), sendo distribuídos conforme as regiões do Programa Cidadão Seguro do Estado de Goías. A pesquisa foi dividida em: 1ª fase – Organização e coleta dos dados, 2ª Fase - Aplicação dos critérios de diagnóstico para a SM - National Cholesterol Education Program revisado, e 3ª Fase - Análise dos dados - estatística descritiva com distribuição espacial utilizando varredura scan de Kulldorff. RESULTADOS: Dos 6303 PMs avaliados, 23,7% (n = 1495) são portadores de SM, divididos em 22,6% de homens e 1,1% de mulheres. A maioria com o intervalo de idade entre 40 e 45 anos (32,4%), sendo que as taxas aumentam acima de 20% a partir de 35 anos, decrescendo aos 55 anos; casados (70,4%); com grau de ensino médio incompleto (45,1%); com atividade física abaixo de três vezes por semana (55,2%); com patente de Sargento (45,0%); não fumantes (89,8%); com sono normal (92,1%); e de Goiânia (30,3%). Dos componentes, encontraram-se nos PMs 58,9% de pressão arterial, 42,8% de triglicerídeos, 30,3% de High Density Lipoprotein, 20,9% de circunferência abdominal e 17,4% de glicose em jejum. A SM não foi correlacionada com as ocorrências policiais. O índice de massa corpórea e a idade foram os fatores de risco associados a maiores chances para a SM, principalmente, com idade entre 40 e 45 anos e sobrepeso. Os agrupamentos de maior risco relativo (1,22) foram encontrados nas regiões de: Itumbiara, Cidade de Goiás, Iporá, Jataí e Rio Verde, e com o menor risco relativo (0,82) em Goiânia. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência da SM entre os PMs de Goiás foi de 23,7%, sendo mais frequente nos sujeitos com idade entre 40 e 45 anos, casados, com grau de ensino médio incompleto, com atividade física abaixo de três vezes por semana, Sargentos, não fumantes, com sono normal e lotados em Goiânia. Os fatores de risco identificados foram o IMC e a idade, respectivamente, as classes mais potencialisadoras, idade entre 40 a 45 anos e sobrepeso aumentam a associação com a SM. Não foi encontrada correlação entre esta Síndrome e as ocorrências policiais. Quanto a distribuição espacial, as regiões com maior frequência foram: Águas Lindas de Goiás - 31,5%; Porangatu - 29,7%; Rio Verde - 28,9%; Itumbiara - 28,8%; e Iporá - 28,4%.
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Vogel, Vance T. "Determining personnel accession requirements for Medical Service Corps Health Care Administrators using a steady state analysis /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FVogel.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Business Administration)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.Thesis Advisor(s): Anke Richter, Kathryn M. Kocher. Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-114 ). Also available online.
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Leiting, Keith A. "Physical and Performance Characteristics May Influence Successful Completion of Military Tasks on the Sandhurst Competition." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2405.
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Identification and development of physical characteristics that lead to efficient performance of military skills or tasks has been a consistently difficult task for the United States military for decades. The literature suggests certain physical characteristics may be more important, although this information is conflicting. Furthermore, the military physical fitness training program that is intended to prepare soldiers for combat is commonly evaluated with the Army Physical Fitness Test (PFT), a test that is more suited for evaluating health and wellness rather than task-specific fitness. All of this testing and training of soldiers focuses on the individual soldiers and their abilities although military skills or tasks are seldom if ever conducted independently. The first purpose of this dissertation was to identify relationships between the PFT, anthropometrics, measures of strength, and power. The second purpose was to identify the team characteristics that influence team performance during the Sandhurst Competition (a 2-day simulated military operation). Strong correlations were found between PFT events and weak correlations were found between PFT measures and evaluations of strength and power. The strong correlations between PFT events could indicate that only one event may be necessary to determine health and wellness. The weak correlations between events of the PFT and measures of strength and power suggest the PFT is not an assessment of strength and power based on the strength and power measures employed in the current study. The evaluation of team characteristics indicated that age (possibly experience) had the largest effect on Sandhurst Competition performance. Further analysis of each event supported the contention that age influences performance but also identified specific aerobic, anaerobic, and anthropometric variables that influenced performance on particular events. The data from this dissertation suggests that teams competing in the Sandhurst Competition should attempt to recruit team members with more experience, very high run scores, and high vertical jump heights.
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Macalanda, Eduardo C. "Radio frequency identification (RFID) for Naval Medical Treatment Facilities (MTF)." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/2578.
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The application of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in hospitals is modest primarily due to cost and policy issues. Similar to the evolution of other electronic technologies, unit costs for components have been dramatically reduced in the past few years. Despite the reduction in costs, RFID technology has not yet achieved the tipping point of economic rationality for adoption at most healthcare organizations. Although the technology has been primarily applied to asset management and supply chain applications, Navy Medicine stands to gain tremendous benefit if this technology could be successfully implemented for staff and patient tracking in addition to inventory management. The purpose of this thesis was to conduct a review of RFID technology and components that could fit into the Navy Medicine's structure. The study explored the implementation requirements associated with the deployment in other industries that could be used as benchmarks for Navy Medicine implementation. Different technological architectures were described to illustrate the various techniques that could be used for creating the opportunity to automate administration, reduce errors and improve security for both patients and staff.
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Willis, Deborah Elaine. "Reasons for Living and Self-Reported Suicidal Behavior Among a Sample of U.S. Army Personnel." ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1729.
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Suicidal Behavior in the U.S. Army is a problem that persists despite significant efforts to promote help-seeking behaviors and the investment of millions of dollars to develop resilience-building interventions. Evidence-based literature supports the use of reasons for living as a protective factor against suicidal behavior in clinical and nonclinical samples, yet it has rarely been studied in an active duty (AD) Army population. This study examined the relationship between self-reported reasons for living and self-reported suicidal behavior, to determine if high levels of reasons for living correlated with low risk of suicidal behavior, over and above demographics, depression, stressful life events, and social support, using standardized questionnaires. The study sample consisted of 244 AD Army soldiers attending the Warrior Leadership Course in Germany. The results analysis showed that reasons for living were inversely related to suicidal behavior among this sample. Although African American soldiers scored higher on measures of reasons for living and suicidal behavior, demographic variables did not significantly predict suicidal behavior. Reasons for living accounted for a unique amount of variance in suicidal behavior; however, depression, stressful life events, and social support were better predictors. This study demonstrates the benefits of incorporating reasons for living in military research and practice, as efforts are made to identify AD Army personnel at risk for suicide. The study findings also support the claim that examining protective and risk factors supersedes efforts to study risk factors alone. It promotes positive social change by informing efforts to develop comprehensive suicide prevention policies, programs, and procedures aimed at effectively reducing the rate of suicide in the U.S. Army.
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Childress, Cynthia. "THE IMPACT OF WAR ON MILITARY HOSPITAL PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF ORGANIZATIONS’ RESPONSE TO AN ENVIRONMENTAL JOLT." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3171.
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The prolonged wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have taken a toll on the United States as a whole and the United States military in particular. The primary aim of this research is to determine what impact the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have had on the performance of military hospitals over the fiscal years 2001-2006. Specifically, what direct effect has the war in Iraq and Afghanistan had on the productivity and quality of military hospitals, and, do productivity and quality trends differ based on hospital characteristics? Since observations over multiple time periods are nested within hospitals, multilevel mixed effects regression and Poisson regression models are used to evaluate changes in productivity and quality while accounting for differences within hospitals. Using a contingency theory framework, this study fills the gap in looking at the impact of war on permanent military hospitals’ productivity and quality using nationally developed and implemented quality indicators (Agency for Healthcare Quality and Research Inpatient Quality Indicators and Patient Safety Indicators). Structural characteristics of the hospital, teaching status and branch of Armed Service influenced productivity and certain quality indicators. The structural components were not able to reliably predict differences in productivity and all quality indicators, but overseas hospitals and non-teaching hospitals were most likely to differ from major teaching hospitals. The wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, denoted by the variables for wounded discharges and deployed staff, were only partially related to the productivity of military hospitals. Only an increase in the percentage of wounded discharges was related to productivity of military hospitals, and none were related to the quality indicators. In essence, the war affected the workload and productivity of military hospitals, but it did not affect the quality provided in the hospitals, as measured by AHRQ inpatient and patient safety quality indicators. Structural characteristics account for more of the variation in quality among military hospitals than the impact of war within the timeframe studied.
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Mccain, Chase Landes. "Looking at Levels of Medicalization in the Institutional Narrative of Substance Use Disorders in the Military." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5740.
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The purpose of this research is to examine the institutional narrative of substance use disorders (SUDs) in the U.S. military and the extent to which it reflects the medicalization process. Three general research questions guided my analysis of the narrative surrounding SUDs in the military: (1) How does the military characterize the problems and resolutions of SUDs? (2) How and to what extent does this narrative reflect medicalization? (3) What are the limitations inherent in the institutional narrative of SUDs in the military? In order to address these questions, I draw on three conceptual lenses: (1) The work of Loseke (2007) and others on the powers of institutional narratives; (2) The work of Conrad and Schneider (1980) in which they propose that medicalization can be understood in multiple ways and on at least three distinct levels (the conceptual, the institutional, and the interactive); and (3) The work of disability scholars on the limitations of the medical model and the importance of adopting a social model of the causes and consequences of disability (Oliver and Barnes 2012; Shakespeare 2014; Berger 2012).
In this study, I use these lenses to conduct a textual analysis of the VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Substance Use Disorders. This manual was developed under the auspices of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) pursuant to directives from the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA). The document was designed to provide recommendations for the performance or exclusion of specific procedures or services related to identification and response to substance use among active duty personnel and veterans in all branches of the US military. The information and recommendations presented in the document were then disseminated throughout all branches of the military for implementation. This document is, therefore, a powerful codification of the institutional narrative of substance use in the military. Using Conrad and Schneider’s model as a template (1980), I examined the document in order to see how the military has framed the discussion surrounding SUDs.
My analysis began with a close reading of the manual several times without much reflection in order to get a general feeling for the story being constructed by the text. However, as I continued with the close reading, I began making comments about the practices and overall impressions the manual puts forth. After several readings and thorough note taking, it became clear that there was a significant amount of medicalization occurring throughout the military manual, and evidence for medicalization could be seen on all three of the levels suggested by Conrad and Schneider. Words and phrases of text were eventually coded and categorized into the three levels of medicalization.
The narrative within the document depicts a specific story of how the military addresses matters involving SUDs through a system of screening, assessment and treatment. First, the document’s language relating to diagnostic assessments, laboratory biomarkers and other screening devices used to categorize and measure one’s substance use can all be considered evidence for medicalization at the conceptual level. Multiple segments of text have been identified and categorized on a conceptual level. Second, clear indications of medicalization on the institutional level can be seen with references to specialty treatment, “specialty care” and “other clinics.” Again, multiple text segments have been identified as being representative of medicalization at the institutional level. Finally, evidence for interactive medicalization can be seen through the use of medical referrals, pharmacological treatments and the ongoing monitoring of medical consequences of substance use.
The findings suggest that the military has adopted what many now consider a medical model approach toward understanding substance use and evidence can be found at all three levels of medicalization proposed by Conrad and Schneider. Strengths and weaknesses of exclusive reliance on a medicalized narrative of the causes of substance use among military personnel and veterans are discussed in light of the lessons learned from the social model of disability and other critiques of medicalization. I conclude that the success of a medicalized response to substance use may be hampered by the tension between the two widely circulating cultural narratives that intersect in the case of substance use among military personnel.
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Brown, Hannah. "Physical, physiological and performance characteristics associated with close quarter battle expertise in special forces soldiers." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2022. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2609.
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Bryant, Jacob Owen. "The Invisible Enemy: The Effects of Polio on the American War Effort during World War II, 1941-1945." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1404.
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This thesis looks at the social, political, and military effects of epidemic polio on America's war effort during World War II. The primary sources consulted include newspapers, military medical reports, photographs, memoirs, speeches, and archival collections. It looks at the effects of polio on the home front, more specifically how epidemics and the rising rates of polio were a detriment to the civilian war effort. It also focuses on the American military's preparation for and response to polio outbreaks among troops both at home and abroad. Finally, it discusses the experiences of the servicemen who contracted polio during the war. This work fills a major hole in the historiography of the disease and highlights the overlapping interests of the public, the medical community, and the military during a time of war.
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Graham, Ruth M. "The effect of work specialty, demographic variables, and social support upon the perceived job stress of military nurses." Scholarly Commons, 1989. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3455.
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The present study sought: (a) to investigate differences in the type of stressors and level of job stress reported by nurses working in ICU/CCU, Medicine/Surgery, and other specialty areas; (b) to examine the relationship between perceived job stress and social support; and (c) to determine whether the demographic characteristics, age, sex, marital status, level of educational training, and military rank, had any moderating effects upon job stress. A sample of 231 military nurses completed a demographic inventory, the Nursing Job Stress Instrument, and the Social Support Questionnaire. Social support, clearly the most important variable examined by this study, was negatively correlated with job stress. All nurses seemed to experience the most stress as a result of inadequate staffing. However, no support was found for the idea that critical care nurses experience greater or different stressors than ward nurses. All of the demographic variables were unrelated to job stress.
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Hall, Gerald William. "Identification, Diagnosis, Counseling, and Referral of Overweight Military Dependent Children to Reverse Early Childhood Obesity." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3685.
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Since 1980, the obesity rate in children 5 to 11 years of age has increased from 7% to 18%. The lack of structured physical activity and poor dietary habits childhood are primary risk factors for obesity related comorbidities in adulthood. Guided by primary care providers, families can reverse childhood obesity by implementing healthy dietary habits and engaging in structured physical activity. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to develop an evidenced-based policy with procedures to standardize the timely and consistent identification of overweight children at a primary care clinic serving military families. With an emphasis on obesity prevention within families through primary care interventions, the revised health belief model guided the project design. A literature review was conducted in a systematic manner to identify effective strategies and interventions to inform the policy development. Then, the Delphi technique guided a 12-member expert panel to evaluate the policy and procedures in terms of the level of evidence and the implementation plan with the goal of achieving consensus with recommendations for revisions. Consensus was achieved with multiple revisions following the completion of two Delphi rounds. The first panel session (n=12) concluded with a 70% consensus, including recommended revisions to improve the policy implementation. The second panel session (n=12) concluded with 100% consensus for the revised policy. The final policy and procedures addressed the clinical practice gap with a robust process to identify, counsel, and refer overweight children to external specialty programs for obesity management. By intervening to reverse the progression of childhood obesity, this project achieved positive social change at an organization level.
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LaFleur, Leslie. "Therapeutic Horseback Riding With Military Veterans: Perspectives of Riders, Instructors, and Volunteers." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1430906632.
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Klajman, Charles. "O conhecimento científico divulgado pelos soldados de farda branca, através do periódico medicina militar, 1910-1923." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2011. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/6102.
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Previous issue date: 2011Essa pesquisa analisa o periódico Medicina Militar, publicado entre abril de 1910 e junho de 1923 no Rio de Janeiro, por um grupo de oficiais do Serviço de Saúde do Exército Brasileiro, que tinham como objetivo declarado transmitir conhecimento científico ao pessoal de saúde distribuído por todo o Brasil. Nesse estudo a revista é dissecada de forma a possibilitar aos leitores uma apreciação geral de todos os seus aspectos, da formatação ao conteúdo. Nesse processo são analisados todos os exemplares produzidos no período em questão, além dos relatórios e personagens. Seu conjunto temático é analisado através de artigos que exemplificam as questões mais relevantes para o universo militar, em particular, passando pelas doenças, higiene militar e pela atuação do pessoal de saúde em campanha.
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Laguna, Alexis M. "“I Almost Hope I Get Hit Again Soon”: The Wartime Service and Medical History of Leon C. Standifer, WWII American Infantryman." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2620.
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The American GI’s experience in hospital during World War II is absent from official military histories, most scholarly works, and even many oral history collections. Utilizing the papers of WWII infantryman, Leon Standifer, this thesis offers the reader a rare glimpse of WWII military hospital life and chronicles one soldier’s journey from willing obedience to subversive action.
This thesis compares the stated goals and procedures of the US Army medical department to the experience of Leon Standifer, an infantryman who served in northern France during the last year of the war and the American occupation of Bavaria, whose service was marked by several periods of protracted hospitalization. Over the course of five hospitalizations, during which Standifer was treated for bullet wounds, trench foot, and pneumonia, he consistently wrote letters to his family describing his experience.
A careful reading of Standifer’s wartime correspondence in conjunction with his published and unpublished writings, secondary source material, and military records, suggest that while isolated in the hospital, after killing and experiencing the death of his comrades, Standifer lost his desire to fight. He began to make calculated decisions based on his knowledge of the military medical system in an attempt to ensure his survival and control the remainder of his military service.
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Taylor, Andrea. "Assessing the Effects of Stress Resilience Training on Visual Discrimination Skills: Implications for Perceptual Resilience in U.S. Warfighters." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2745.
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Current military operational environments are highly improvised and constantly evolving, threatening the lives of U.S. warfighters. For instance, since 2001, 60% of all hostile casualties and 65% of hostile injuries in the Middle East theater have been attributed to improvised explosive devices (IEDs). IEDs are powerful physical weapons, and the stressful atmosphere they, and other operational challenges create, can also result in a range of psychological dysfunctions, including anxiety, depression, alcohol abuse, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Not only are these issues concerning for mental health reasons, they are also problematic in terms of combat performance. Extreme arousal (i.e., stress) negatively affects performance through the suppression of cognitive and physiological resources, which inhibits verbal, perceptual, and motor performance. Perceptual abilities are particularly susceptible to the effects of acute hyperarousal, and the degradation of these abilities may limit warfighters’ threat detection skills. Therefore, military researchers are interested in whether and how the visual perceptual field is changed under stress, and the Services are making predeployment training programs a priority, in an attempt to mitigate these concerns. This dissertation first outlines the cognitive processes related to visual perceptual abilities and how these processes are negatively affected by acute arousal. Current training programs in perceptual skills and stress tolerance are then described, along with recommendations for areas of improvement within the status quo. Based on these recommendations, an experimental procedure and five hypotheses were designed to assess training effects on visual perceptual skills and performance under stress. Experimental outcomes suggest that participants who were trained using a novel integrated perceptual skills plus stress resilience (“perceptual resilience”) program performed faster and with higher accuracy during a stressful threat detection task than participants trained using a perceptual skills-only program and participants trained using an existing status-quo knowledge trainer. Participants in this perceptual resilience training group also reported lower feelings of acute stress and anxiety immediately post-task than the two other training groups who did not receive the stress resilience training component. Based on these outcomes, implications for future military-specific training development, study limitations, and recommendations for future research is presented.
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Otto, Laureen. "Exploring the Stress Response in New Army Nurses." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1938.
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The study of stress is limited in professional nursing, but it is nearly non-existent in professional military nursing. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among psychological, environmental, biological and demographic factors of stress in new Army nurses during the Army Medical Department’s 8-week Officer Basic Leadership Course (OBLC). Using a descriptive prospective, correlational repeated measures design, 33 study participants completed two psychological stress measures (Perceived Stress Scale [PSS] and the Impact of Event Scale – Revised[IES-R]), an environmental measure (Life Experiences Survey [LES]), a biologic measure (salivary cortisol) and a demographic questionnaire at three different time points during OBLC: at the beginning of OBLC, during the field training exercise and at the end of OBLC. The majority of participants were single, Caucasian females under 30 years of age with no RN experience and no deployment experience. No significant gender differences were detected among study variables. A simple (single-group) repeated measures analysis of the PSS scores, IES-R scores, and salivary cortisol was conducted using the LES score as a covariate. While the PSS scores and salivary cortisol levels did not change significantly over time, the IES-R score did change significantly over time (p = 0.001). The environmental factor (LES score) was not significant as a covariate in any of the three models. The unique baseline findings in this study may provide a springboard for further studies in stress particularly with military nurses who will eventually be deployed and experience a variety of stressful events. Longitudinal research could yield important predictive information related to how the stress response evolves over the course of one’s military career which may include frequent deployments to the combat zone.
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Scott, Kathleen Marie. "Recipe for citizenship: Professionalization and power in World War I dietetics." W&M ScholarWorks, 2009. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623551.
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This dissertation is an analysis of the professionalization tactics of white, native-born, Protestant, middle-class women who served with the U.S. armed forces as dietitians during World War I. Through the overlapping rubrics of maternalism, citizenship, and professionalism, I examine the ways in which dominant race, class, and gender ideologies inflected their quest for professionalization. I specifically examine the way hospital dietitians infused their expertise with rhetoric of race betterment and national security to acquire distinct status and authority in relation to other female medical/health practitioners. In this study, I locate the ideological origins of Public Law 36, 80 th Congress, establishing the U.S. Women's Medical Specialist Corps, within the cultural sensibilities of American antebellum evangelical health reform movements. Public Law 80-36 (April 16, 1947) authorized Regular Army commissions for dietitians, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. I contend that dietetics, a central force in the rise of the home economics movement, also served as an important portal for women's access to higher education in science and medicine. Finally, I hold that military service was critical to the professionalization of women's labor and claims to citizenship in early twentieth century America. In other words, military service allowed native-born, Protestant, middle- and upper-class, white American women to mobilize, network, and expand the scope of their work, as well as leaven their access to professional resources and political power.
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Basson, Eldrian. "The prevalence of malaria in Mefloquine hydrochloride - mefliam ® users during the deployment of military forces in Burundi, East Africa." Thesis, Bloemfontein : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/87.
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Thesis (M. Tech.) - Central University of Technology, Free State, 2007Malaria and the mosquito that induces the disease in humans have hounded the military for decades. Malaria represents one of the most important infectious disease threats to deployed military forces. Malaria in soldiers has a serious economic impact, both in terms of lost productivity and treatment cost for the state. A contingent of South African National Defence Force members has been deployed in Burundi since November 2001, as part of a peacekeeping mission. At the time of the study no information was available regarding the prevalence of malaria among military personnel during deployments in Burundi and East Africa. In Africa, the saying is that malaria is the disease of poverty and a cause of poverty. To combat malaria, it is of vital importance that the recommended medication be taken exactly as prescribed and that the course is completed. However, one of the greatest challenges facing the African continent in the present fight against malaria is drug resistance. The discovery of Mefloquine and the subsequent development of suitable drugs, have been intimately associated with military imperatives, contingencies and requirements. Since World War II, the development of Chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria has driven the search for new drugs. Mefloquine, developed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in the United States, was first shown effective as a prophylaxis and treatment of resistant falciparum malaria in the 1970’s. To obtain data, questionnaires were administered to SANDF soldiers deployed in Burundi, East Africa. The total size of the population under investigation was 336 with a final sample size of 111 respondents. The sample was selected by using simple random sampling. The questionnaire aimed to determine the perception of respondents regarding the malaria threat, their compliance with taking the medication, and their experiencing of possible side-effects which might occur due to the chemoprophylaxis and the prophylactic efficacy of Mefliam®. The fact that, of the 111 people who used Mefliam®, only four presented with any malaria symptoms, is an indicator that Mefliam® is an effective option as an antimalarial drug to be used in East Africa and Burundi. The results of this study will be used by the personnel of the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) and other military forces deployed in East Africa. It is envisaged that the results will be used by military policy- and decision-makers as a control programme and by others involved in the control of malaria. The findings and recommendations should also be of interest to anyone visiting the area.
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Gustafsson, Cecilia. "Den försvarsmedicinska bron : hur påverkar försvarsmedicinsk planering svensk försvarsplanering och genomförande av militära operationer?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9327.
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The capability of the Swedish Armed Forces has been reduced to such an extent that the Armed Forces most likely cannot cope with health care within its own organization in the event of an armed attack on the country. The project Totalförsvarets sjukvårdssystem (The healthcare system of the total defence), initiated in 2015 by the Swedish Armed Forces and the National Board of Health and welfare, did a review of Sweden´s medical capacity, its limitations and needs at peace, crisis and armed conflict. However, the project did not profoundly review the conditions of military medicine for armed conflicts, the capacity of military medical planning and how the military medical capacity affects the planning and implementation of operations. This knowledge gap is not filled by available research or other source of information. The purpose of this work is to fill this gap through a qualitative method via interviews and text analysis. The work is supported by Moshe Kress's logistics theory of valuation of plans; macro- and micro-level subdivision in the planning process and need for information for medical planning. To adapt Moshe Kress's theory to the military medicine a theory development has been made. The result of the work shows that the capacity of military medicine is insufficient and that medical planners are not obvious partners in national military planning. This will probably effect both planning and execution through lack of credibility and fighting morale. This can also have a negative impact on the will to defend Sweden. Research in military medicine for the purpose of this work is limited. A probable cause may be that there is lack of basic research in the field of military medicine and that information about capacity, capabilities and limitations is mainly confidential.