Relevant bibliographies by topics / Medico legal

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Medico legal'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Medico legal"

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Leonard, Robert. "Medico-legal matters." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 7, no. 5 (September 1997): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/7.5.19.

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Leonard, Robert T. "Medico-legal matters." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 7, no. 6 (November 1997): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/7.6.25.

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Leonard, Robert T. "Medico-legal matters." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 8, no. 2 (March 1998): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/8.2.14.

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Leonard, Robert T. "Medico-legal matters." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 8, no. 3 (May 1998): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/8.3.17.

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Leonard, Robert T. "Medico-legal matters." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 8, no. 4 (July 1998): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/8.4.16.

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Leonard, Robert. "Medico-Legal Matters." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 9, no. 1 (January 1999): 27–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/9.1.27.

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Shiell, Richard. "Medico-Legal Corner." International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery 5, no. 3 (May 1995): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.33589/5.3.16.

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Zafarulla, M. "Medico-legal dilemma." British Dental Journal 201, no. 10 (November 2006): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4814270.

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RICH, BEN A. "Medico-legal Commentary." Pain Medicine 4, no. 2 (June 2003): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4637.2003.03022.x.

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Apte, CV. "Medico-legal Problems." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 59, no. 2 (April 2003): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(03)80089-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Medico legal"

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Barit, Shimon. "The medico-legal investigation of death in custody - a review of cases admitted to the Pretoria Medico-Legal Laboratory, 2007-2011." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30694.

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The universally controversial issue of deaths in custody is especially pertinent to South Africa. This study was prompted due to the increasingly diminishing ability for a concerted effort at tackling this issue by all parties involved. The 5 year retrospective, descriptive case audit performed at the Pretoria Medico-Legal Laboratory aimed to evaluate the current medico-legal investigation of deaths in custody in Pretoria, South Africa. Over half of the deaths (52%) occurred as a result of police action, 30% in police custody and 18% in correctional services custody. Gunshot wounds and hangings were the number 1 and 2 most common causes of death, respectively, with homicide and suicide being the 2 most common manners of death, respectively. The principal conclusion from the results is the presence of a flawed and malfunctioning medico-legal investigation system. The introduction of a formal protocol is urgently required to provide a framework for these investigations.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Forensic Medicine
MSc
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Brosseron, Lise Soares Barbosa. "Pulmonary thromboembolism and sudden unexpected death. Medico-legal review." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/60805.

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NOTTEAU, FAGOT ISABELLE. "Le hammer syndrome : aspect medico-legal et devenir professionnel." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M143.

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Brosseron, Lise Soares Barbosa. "Pulmonary thromboembolism and sudden unexpected death. Medico-legal review." Dissertação, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/60805.

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Jowett, Stephanie. "Legal barriers to consent for medical treatment of trans and gender diverse youth: A comparative and medico-legal analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/203611/1/Stephanie_Jowett_Thesis.pdf.

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Legal and clinical complexities continue to develop surrounding medical treatment for trans and gender diverse youth in Australia. This thesis employed a comparative and medico-legal lens to evaluate the law in Australia against medical knowledge regarding consent to treatment of trans and gender diverse youth. These analyses determined whether Australian law is congruent with medical science, and whether law reform is needed. The law in England and Wales was also analysed to determine whether any differences may inform Australian law reform. The thesis drew conclusions for law reform and optimal clinical practice for trans and gender diverse youth.
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HUARD, MICHEL. "Semeiologie de l'epaule douloureuse : nouvelles techniques d'exploration, interet medico-legal." Lille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL2M233.

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LIENS, DAVID. "Rupture d'une prothese de hanche en service : aspect medico-legal." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M107.

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Givel, Brice. "Aptitude professionnelle et premiere crise d'epilepsie de l'adulte : aspect medico-legal." Angers, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ANGE1000.

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POULAT, PILLON BRIGITTE. "L'activite de l'institut medico-legal de lyon entre 1985 et 1988." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO1M063.

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Cavallari, Jason Robert. "Upcast Eyes: Medico-Legal Discourse, Spectacle, and Deviance in France, 1870-1914." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/989.

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Thesis advisor: Paul Breines
This dissertation attempts to problematize the question of agency in disciplinary societies by examining the symbolic importance in fin-de-siècle French culture of the abject deviants who were the target of medico-legal discourse in the Third Republic. In particular, I develop three main propositions. First, I am making a broad anthropological claim that the power implicitly given to deviants to establish boundaries between normality and abnormality paradoxically enabled them to shift borders of cleanliness and pollution in public discourse. Whereas others have argued that borderline deviants are powerless in their abjection, I propose the opposite: by giving deviants the power to shape the order of the Third Republic, medico-legal authorities unwittingly gave them precisely that -- enormous power. Second, I contend that this power largely took shape within the context of the rise of consumer society and urban spectacle. Spectacularization and widespread accessibility to information engendered a populace capable of suspicion, resistance, and resignification. Others have interpreted the spectacularization of narratives of deviance as being foisted upon passive consumers lacking intellectual agency and therefore accepting these narratives as the standards for bourgeois behavior. I suggest instead that spectacularization provided the precondition of possibility for the invention of a resistant and even potentially revolutionary populace. Third and finally, I make the claim that those who are seen are also capable of seeing, and hence, of questioning, negotiating, and redefining. Others, particularly those influenced by the work of Michel Foucault, have argued that "the public" was a docile, passive crowd, stripped of agency, helplessly accepting of ideas of republican virtue embodied by medico-legal discourses of deviance and the clinical gaze. In particular, the paradigm of the "panopticon" has perhaps overly influenced notions of bourgeois society. In the panoptic society, being self-conscious of always being (hypothetically) seen, actors police themselves to the point of inaction. I contend that this position assumes the desirability of a "correct" form of behavior to which all others must conform. Therefore, I argue for a very different conception of bourgeois society. If we look not to the panopticon, but rather to venues of spectacularization and consumer culture, we will see that, contrary to the marginalization implied by the panoptic model, deviance was celebrated as a symbol of freedom and release from the deterministic medico-legal gaze and helped to create multiple competing "scopic regimes." As a result, the consumer culture of the grands boulevards was not a sterile, depoliticized world of uncritical engagement defined by passive observation and consumption of spectacle and commodity, but rather a culture that celebrated spectacle as a venue for re-infusing the public sphere with social and political ambiguity against the rigid boundaries erected by the medico-legal discourses of the Third Republic
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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Books on the topic "Medico legal"

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Christie, Richard L. Medico-legal preparation. [Wichita, Kan.?: R. Christie, 1998.

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Mason, J. K. Butterworths medico-legal encyclopaedia. London: Butterworths, 1987.

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Toronto, Medico-Legal Society of. The medico-legal report 1997. Toronto: The Medico-Legal Society of Toronto, 1997.

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Necrophilia: Forensic and medico-legal aspects. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2011.

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Forensic toxicology: Medico-legal case studies. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2012.

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O'Donovan, Carmel. Inquests: A practical medico-legal guide. London: Medical Defence Union, 1994.

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Medico-legal assessment of head injury. Springfield, Ill., U.S.A: Thomas, 1992.

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Dando, Patrick. Medico-legal aspects of minor surgery. London: Medical Defence Union, 1991.

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Dando, Patrick. Medico-legal aspects of minor surgery. London: Medical Defence Union, 1993.

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Fong, I. W. Medico-Legal Issues in Infectious Diseases. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8053-3.

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Book chapters on the topic "Medico legal"

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Jackson, J. P. "Medico-legal Reports." In A Practical Guide to Medicine and the Law, 11–18. London: Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1863-3_2.

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Smith, L. S., and S. S. Sanbar. "Medico-legal Aspects." In The Transplantation and Replacement of Thoracic Organs, 27–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0711-9_4.

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Walker, Claudia. "Medico-Legal Assessments." In Occupation Analysis in Practice, 205–16. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118786604.ch14.

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Boniver, R. "Medico-legal Aspects." In Whiplash Injuries, 143–45. Milano: Springer Milan, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2293-5_19.

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Kowalski, Michael. "Medico Legal Consideration." In Contemporary Management of Temporomandibular Disorders, 23–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99915-9_2.

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Vivien, Benoît. "Medico-Legal Issues." In Disaster Medicine Pocket Guide: 50 Essential Questions, 11–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-00654-8_3.

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Jackson, J. P. "The Medico-legal Consultation." In A Practical Guide to Medicine and the Law, 3–10. London: Springer London, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1863-3_1.

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Fong, I. W. "Neurosurgical Medico-legal Issues." In Medico-Legal Issues in Infectious Diseases, 183–98. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8053-3_10.

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Hargrove, R. L. "Awareness — A Medico-Legal Problem." In Legal Aspects of Anaesthesia, 59–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1011-9_7.

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Serinelli, Serenella, Paolo Arbarello, Sofia Battisti, Ernesto Tomei, and Richard C. Semelka. "Bone Age: Medico-legal Issues." In Text-Atlas of Skeletal Age Determination, 7–15. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118692202.ch2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Medico legal"

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Pavlikov, S. G. "Problems With Organizational-Legal Support Of Medico-Social Expertise." In GCPMED 2018 - International Scientific Conference "Global Challenges and Prospects of the Modern Economic Development. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.03.182.

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Sammut, A., and W. Kelsall. "G99 Supporting paediatric trainees involved in medico-legal investigations." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 13–15 March 2018, SEC, Glasgow, Children First – Ethics, Morality and Advocacy in Childhood, The Journal of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-rcpch.96.

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Hachem, Mayssa, Hia Basem Said, Shreya Zakkir, Angela John, Asha Salim, Alia Sabri Alkash, and Deol Jimmy. "Emerging Approaches for Estimation of Post-Mortem Interval in Medico-Legal Practice." In 2020 Advances in Science and Engineering Technology International Conferences (ASET). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aset48392.2020.9118325.

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Savage, Jenni, and Irene Szollosi. "The Impact Of Reference Value Selection On Medico-Legal Evaluations In Australia." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a3229.

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Ries, Nola, Charlie Hacker, Kirsten McCaffery, Adam Elsaug, Jenny Doust, and Jesse Jansen. "86 Medico-legal experts’ views on psychosocial drivers of defensive practice: a qualitative interview study." In Preventing Overdiagnosis Abstracts, December 2019, Sydney, Australia. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjebm-2019-pod.99.

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Henley, Jessica, and Simon Kirby. "Robotic Surgery – Implications for Informed Consent." In The Hamlyn Symposium on Medical Robotics: "MedTech Reimagined". The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London London, UK, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31256/hsmr2022.17.

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Informed consent can be a complicated medico-legal process to ensure that a patient understands the risks involved with medical treatment or procedure. Surgeons in particular continue to face legal liability on the claim that informed consent was not properly achieved before surgery, which is likely to be further complicated by evolving technological advances in medicine [1],[2]. Robotic surgery introduces ambiguity for physicians to achieve informed consent. In addition to explaining the procedure according to the plan, the physician must describe the risk inherent to the technology that could create risk during the procedure. In the relatively new and ever-progressing world of surgical robotics, the surgeon may not have a complete understanding of what can go wrong based on their knowledge of the technology. This ambiguity leaves room for legal vulnerability for both the physician and the patient in achieving informed consent, as well as ambiguity in who can be held responsible. With the development and implementation of surgical robotics, no standardized protocol or training has been developed for how to approach informed consent discussions with patients. This poster considers the implications of surgical robotics on informed consent.
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Emechebe, Obianuju, and Syed Ather Ahmed. "1378 Reducing the adverse medico-legal implications of incomplete consent documentation: a quality improvement project to improve consent process for neonatal procedures." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.316.

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Badnjevic, Almir, Lejla Gurbeta, Dusanka Boskovic, and Zijad Dzemic. "Medical devices in legal metrology." In 2015 4th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/meco.2015.7181945.

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Hs, Bambang Dwi. "Legal Aspect of Patient’s Medical Record." In International Conference on Law Reform (INCLAR 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200226.015.

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Sibarani, Sabungan. "Medical Malpractice in the Legal View." In Tarumanagara International Conference on the Applications of Social Sciences and Humanities (TICASH 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200515.006.

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Reports on the topic "Medico legal"

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Gaitho, Michael, Ronald Kotut, Anne Ngunjiri, Jane Thiomi, Josephine Ngebeh, and Chi-Chi Undie. Practice-based learning: Medico-legal evidence collection as part of post-rape care in refugee contexts. Population Council, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh14.1032.

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Wiley, Jenny L., Camille K. Gourdet, and Brian F. Thomas. Cannabidiol: Science, Marketing, and Legal Perspectives. RTI Press, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.op.0065.2004.

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Recent loosening of legal restrictions on cannabis and its chemical constituents, including phytocannabinoids such as Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), has led to rapid proliferation and wide availability of products containing CBD. Although using pure CBD does not result in THC-like intoxication, it is not risk-free. In this review, we examine CBD from scientific, marketing, and regulatory perspectives. Specifically, we evaluate the evidence used to support statements concerning CBD’s real and putative medical effects and discuss misleading information that has been used in marketing approaches. Also, we explore the current legal landscape surrounding CBD. We conclude that further research is necessary to clarify legitimate therapeutic effects of CBD. Federal regulation is also necessary to assure quality, safety, and efficacy of CBD products. Until new regulations are enacted to ensure purity and label accuracy, consumers should balance any perceived benefits of CBD use against potential risks associated with using products of unknown quality.
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LEONOV, T. M., V. M. BOLSHAKOVA, and P. YU NAUMOV. THEORETICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF PROVIDING MEDICAL ASSISTANCE TO EMPLOYEES OF THE MILITARY PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2576-9634-2021-5-4-12.

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The work is devoted to a comprehensive study of medical support, incl. sanatorium-resort treatment of employees of the military prosecutor’s office and members of their families (persons who are dependent on them). It is noted that health care is structurally included in services that, in addition to cash payments and benefits in kind, represent the entire social security system. The main attention in the article is focused on the analysis of the normative legal regulation of the health protection of employees of the military prosecutor’s office, as well as the provision of medical assistance to them (prophylactic medical examination, medical examination, military medical examination, medical and psychological rehabilitation, sanatorium treatment, reimbursement of expenses for drugs and treatment) of proper quality and in the required volume. The key scientific results of the study are the generalization of legal information and scientific knowledge about the procedure for providing medical assistance to employees of the military prosecutor’s office. The main scientific results of the article can be applied to organize training in the discipline «Military law and military legislation». The article will be of interest to persons conducting scientific research on the problems of social protection of servicemen and their families.
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Williams, Jenny, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, and Rosanna Smart. De Facto or De Jure? Ethnic Differences in Quit Responses to Legal Protections of Medical Marijuana Dispensaries. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25555.

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Lewis, Dustin, Naz Modirzadeh, and Gabriella Blum. Medical Care in Armed Conflict: International Humanitarian Law and State Responses to Terrorism. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/hwga7438.

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The surge in armed conflicts involving terrorism has brought to the fore the general question of medical care in armed conflict and the particular legal protections afforded to those providing such care to terrorists. Against this backdrop, we evaluate international humanitarian law (IHL) protections for wartime medical assistance concerning terrorists. Through that lens, we expose gaps and weaknesses in IHL. We also examine tensions between IHL and state responses to terrorism more broadly. In studying the IHL regime applicable to medical care, substantive fragmentation and gaps in legal protection between states and across types of conflict emerge. These ruptures are not new. But they are increasingly noticeable as terrorism is more frequently conceptualized as forming part of armed conflicts and as more states undertake aggressive responses to terrorist threats. The U.N. Security Council has been a key driver of these responses, requiring member states to take more and broader steps to obviate terrorist threats. Yet so far the Council has not required that, in doing so, states fully exempt impartial wartime medical care, even in circumstances that would render such care protected under IHL. Rather, the Council seems to consider providing medical assistance and supplies to al-Qaeda and its associates as at least a partial ground for designating those who facilitate such care as terrorists themselves. The overall result today is unsatisfactory. By prosecuting physicians for supporting terrorists through medical care in armed conflicts, some states are likely violating their IHL treaty obligations. But in certain other instances where states intentionally curtail impartial medical care there is no clear IHL violation. Both those actual IHL violations and the lack of clear IHL violations, we think, are cause for concern. The former represent failures to implement the legal regime. And the latter highlight the non-comprehensiveness - or, at least, the indeterminateness and variability - of the normative framework.
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Lewis, Dustin, and Naz Modirzadeh. Taking into Account the Potential Effects of Counterterrorism Measures on Humanitarian and Medical Activities: Elements of an Analytical Framework for States Grounded in Respect for International Law. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/qbot8406.

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For at least a decade, States, humanitarian bodies, and civil-society actors have raised concerns about how certain counterterrorism measures can prevent or impede humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts. In 2019, the issue drew the attention of the world’s preeminent body charged with maintaining or restoring international peace and security: the United Nations Security Council. In two resolutions — Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019) — adopted that year, the Security Council urged States to take into account the potential effects of certain counterterrorism measures on exclusively humanitarian activities, including medical activities, that are carried out by impartial humanitarian actors in a manner consistent with international humanitarian law (IHL). By implicitly recognizing that measures adopted to achieve one policy objective (countering terrorism) can impair or prevent another policy objective (safeguarding humanitarian and medical activities), the Security Council elevated taking into account the potential effects of certain counterterrorism measures on exclusively humanitarian activities to an issue implicating international peace and security. In this legal briefing, we aim to support the development of an analytical framework through which a State may seek to devise and administer a system to take into account the potential effects of counterterrorism measures on humanitarian and medical activities. Our primary intended audience includes the people involved in creating or administering a “take into account” system and in developing relevant laws and policies. Our analysis zooms in on Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019) and focuses on grounding the framework in respect for international law, notably the U.N. Charter and IHL. In section 1, we introduce the impetus, objectives, and structure of the briefing. In our view, a thorough legal analysis of the relevant resolutions in their wider context is a crucial element to laying the conditions conducive to the development and administration of an effective “take into account” system. Further, the stakes and timeliness of the issue, the Security Council’s implicit recognition of a potential tension between measures adopted to achieve different policy objectives, and the relatively scant salient direct practice and scholarship on elements pertinent to “take into account” systems also compelled us to engage in original legal analysis, with a focus on public international law and IHL. In section 2, as a primer for readers unfamiliar with the core issues, we briefly outline humanitarian and medical activities and counterterrorism measures. Then we highlight a range of possible effects of the latter on the former. Concerning armed conflict, humanitarian activities aim primarily to provide relief to and protection for people affected by the conflict whose needs are unmet, whereas medical activities aim primarily to provide care for wounded and sick persons, including the enemy. Meanwhile, for at least several decades, States have sought to prevent and suppress acts of terrorism and punish those who commit, attempt to commit, or otherwise support acts of terrorism. Under the rubric of countering terrorism, States have taken an increasingly broad and diverse array of actions at the global, regional, and national levels. A growing body of qualitative and quantitative evidence documents how certain measures designed and applied to counter terrorism can impede or prevent humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts. In a nutshell, counterterrorism measures may lead to diminished or complete lack of access by humanitarian and medical actors to the persons affected by an armed conflict that is also characterized as a counterterrorism context, or those measures may adversely affect the scope, amount, or quality of humanitarian and medical services provided to such persons. The diverse array of detrimental effects of certain counterterrorism measures on humanitarian and medical activities may be grouped into several cross-cutting categories, including operational, financial, security, legal, and reputational effects. In section 3, we explain some of the key legal aspects of humanitarian and medical activities and counterterrorism measures. States have developed IHL as the primary body of international law applicable to acts and omissions connected with an armed conflict. IHL lays down several rights and obligations relating to a broad spectrum of humanitarian and medical activities pertaining to armed conflicts. A violation of an applicable IHL provision related to humanitarian or medical activities may engage the international legal responsibility of a State or an individual. Meanwhile, at the international level, there is no single, comprehensive body of counterterrorism laws. However, States have developed a collection of treaties to pursue specific anti-terrorism objectives. Further, for its part, the Security Council has assumed an increasingly prominent role in countering terrorism, including by adopting decisions that U.N. Member States must accept and carry out under the U.N. Charter. Some counterterrorism measures are designed and applied in a manner that implicitly or expressly “carves out” particular safeguards — typically in the form of limited exceptions or exemptions — for certain humanitarian or medical activities or actors. Yet most counterterrorism measures do not include such safeguards. In section 4, which constitutes the bulk of our original legal analysis, we closely evaluate the two resolutions in which the Security Council urged States to take into account the effects of (certain) counterterrorism measures on humanitarian and medical activities. We set the stage by summarizing some aspects of the legal relations between Security Council acts and IHL provisions pertaining to humanitarian and medical activities. We then analyze the status, consequences, and content of several substantive elements of the resolutions and what they may entail for States seeking to counter terrorism and safeguard humanitarian and medical activities. Among the elements that we evaluate are: the Security Council’s new notion of a prohibited financial “benefit” for terrorists as it may relate to humanitarian and medical activities; the Council’s demand that States comply with IHL obligations while countering terrorism; and the constituent parts of the Council’s notion of a “take into account” system. In section 5, we set out some potential elements of an analytical framework through which a State may seek to develop and administer its “take into account” system in line with Resolution 2462 (2019) and Resolution 2482 (2019). In terms of its object and purpose, a “take into account” system may aim to secure respect for international law, notably the U.N. Charter and IHL pertaining to humanitarian and medical activities. In addition, the system may seek to safeguard humanitarian and medical activities in armed conflicts that also qualify as counterterrorism contexts. We also identify two sets of preconditions arguably necessary for a State to anticipate and address relevant potential effects through the development and execution of its “take into account” system. Finally, we suggest three sets of attributes that a “take into account” system may need to embody to achieve its aims: utilizing a State-wide approach, focusing on potential effects, and including default principles and rules to help guide implementation. In section 6, we briefly conclude. In our view, jointly pursuing the policy objectives of countering terrorism and safeguarding humanitarian and medical activities presents several opportunities, challenges, and complexities. International law does not necessarily provide ready-made answers to all of the difficult questions in this area. Yet devising and executing a “take into account” system provides a State significant opportunities to safeguard humanitarian and medical activities and counter terrorism while securing greater respect for international law.
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7

Lucenti, Krista, ed. Puertos Inteligentes: estrategia de desarrollo para el Puerto del Callao. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003806.

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El manual de puertos inteligentes es un documento creado para facilitar la monitorización y evaluación del proceso de transformación de los emplazamientos portuarios en puertos inteligentes por parte de las Autoridades Portuarias y los Operadores de Terminales. El manual, el cual basa su contenido en la identificación de buenas prácticas internacionales para la implementación de puertos inteligentes, enumera distintas iniciativas de puertos inteligentes e incluye un listado de indicadores cuantitativos y cualitativos que pueden ser medidos de cara al seguimiento y valoración del desarrollo alcanzado. El manual integra una visión holística del ecosistema legal y tecnológico necesario para crear puertos inteligentes.
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8

Lewis, Dustin, Radhika Kapoor, and Naz Modirzadeh. Advancing Humanitarian Commitments in Connection with Countering Terrorism: Exploring a Foundational Reframing concerning the Security Council. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/uzav2714.

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The imperative to provide humanitarian and medical services on an urgent basis in armed conflicts is anchored in moral tenets, shared values, and international rules. States spend tens of billions of dollars each year to help implement humanitarian programs in conflicts across the world. Yet, in practice, counterterrorism objectives increasingly prevail over humanitarian concerns, often resulting in devastating effects for civilian populations in need of aid and protection in war. Not least, confusion and misapprehensions about the power and authority of States relative to the United Nations Security Council to set policy preferences and configure legal obligations contribute significantly to this trajectory. In this guide for States, we present a framework to reconfigure relations between these core commitments by assessing the counterterrorism architecture through the lens of impartial humanitarianism. We aim in particular to provide an evidence base and analytical frame for States to better grasp key legal and policy issues related to upholding respect for principled humanitarian action in connection with carrying out the Security Council’s counterterrorism decisions. We do so because the lack of knowledge regarding interpretation and implementation of counterterrorism resolutions matters for the coherence, integrity, and comprehensiveness of humanitarian policymaking and protection of the humanitarian imperative. In addition to analyzing foundational concerns and evaluating discernible behaviors and attitudes, we identify avenues that States may take to help achieve pro-humanitarian objectives. We also endeavor to help disseminate indications of, and catalyze, States’ legally relevant positions and practices on these issues. In section 1, we introduce the guide’s impetus, objectives, target audience, and structure. We also describe the methods that we relied on and articulate definitions for key terms. In section 2, we introduce key legal actors, sources of law, and the notion of international legal responsibility, as well as the relations between international and national law. Notably, Security Council resolutions require incorporation into national law in order to become effective and enforceable by internal administrative and judicial authorities. In section 3, we explain international legal rules relevant to advancing the humanitarian imperative and upholding respect for principled humanitarian action, and we sketch the corresponding roles of humanitarian policies, programs, and donor practices. International humanitarian law (IHL) seeks to ensure — for people who are not, or are no longer, actively participating in hostilities and whose needs are unmet — certain essential supplies, as well as medical care and attention for the wounded and sick. States have also developed and implemented a range of humanitarian policy frameworks to administer principled humanitarian action effectively. Further, States may rely on a number of channels to hold other international actors to account for safeguarding the humanitarian imperative. In section 4, we set out key theoretical and doctrinal elements related to accepting and carrying out the Security Council’s decisions. Decisions of the Security Council may contain (binding) obligations, (non-binding) recommendations, or a combination of the two. UN members are obliged to carry out the Council’s decisions. Member States retain considerable interpretive latitude to implement counterterrorism resolutions. With respect to advancing the humanitarian imperative, we argue that IHL should represent a legal floor for interpreting the Security Council’s decisions and recommendations. In section 5, we describe relevant conduct of the Security Council and States. Under the Resolution 1267 (1999), Resolution 1989 (2011), and Resolution 2253 (2015) line of resolutions, the Security Council has established targeted sanctions as counterterrorism measures. Under the Resolution 1373 (2001) line of resolutions, the Security Council has adopted quasi-“legislative” requirements for how States must counter terrorism in their national systems. Implementation of these sets of resolutions may adversely affect principled humanitarian action in several ways. Meanwhile, for its part, the Security Council has sought to restrict the margin of appreciation of States to determine how to implement these decisions. Yet international law does not demand that these resolutions be interpreted and implemented at the national level by elevating security rationales over policy preferences for principled humanitarian action. Indeed, not least where other fields of international law, such as IHL, may be implicated, States retain significant discretion to interpret and implement these counterterrorism decisions in a manner that advances the humanitarian imperative. States have espoused a range of views on the intersections between safeguarding principled humanitarian action and countering terrorism. Some voice robust support for such action in relation to counterterrorism contexts. A handful call for a “balancing” of the concerns. And some frame respect for the humanitarian imperative in terms of not contradicting counterterrorism objectives. In terms of measures, we identify five categories of potentially relevant national counterterrorism approaches: measures to prevent and suppress support to the people and entities involved in terrorist acts; actions to implement targeted sanctions; measures to prevent and suppress the financing of terrorism; measures to prohibit or restrict terrorism-related travel; and measures that criminalize or impede medical care. Further, through a number of “control dials” that we detect, States calibrate the functional relations between respect for principled humanitarian action and countering terrorism. The bulk of the identified counterterrorism measures and related “control dials” suggests that, to date, States have by and large not prioritized advancing respect for the humanitarian imperative at the national level. Finally, in section 6, we conclude by enumerating core questions that a State may answer to help formulate and instantiate its values, policy commitments, and legal positions to secure respect for principled humanitarian action in relation to counterterrorism contexts.
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9

Battakhov, P. P. MAIN PROVISIONS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE IN RUSSIA. DOICODE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2276-6598-2020-58823.

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This article discusses the concept of the social orientation of activity and the entrepreneurial approach at the level of the Russian Federation, including a number of aspects of the legal regulation of public relations between organizations of state power and social entrepreneurs. The main problem of the study is the study of the sequence of the assignment of the status of a social enterprise by the authorities Russia at the federal level. Currently, the question is being raised about the adoption of a separate federal legislative act "On the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Russian Federation." The introduction of the relevant law is necessary, since the reasons are the basis for the inevitability of consideration of public problems and the adoption of relevant official documents in all regions of the Russian Federation.
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10

Mager, Franziska, and Silvia Galandini. Research Ethics: A practical guide. Oxfam GB, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6416.

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Any research must follow ethical principles, particularly when it involves people as participants and is likely to impact them. This is standard practice in academic research and a legal requirement in medical trials, but also applies to research carried out by Oxfam. Oxfam’s work focuses on vulnerable populations, and takes place under difficult circumstances. When research takes place in such vulnerable and fragile contexts, high ethical standards need to be met and tailored to the specific characteristics of each situation. Oxfam welcomes the adaptation of this guideline by other NGOs, community organizations and researchers working in fragile contexts and with vulnerable communities. The guideline should be read together with other relevant Oxfam and Oxfam GB policies and protocols, including the guidelines on Writing Terms of Reference for Research, Integrating Gender in Research Planning and Doing Research with Enumerators. A flowchart summarizing the guideline is also available to download on this page.
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