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Journal articles on the topic 'Mediterranean cypress'
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Danti, R., A. Panconesi, V. Di Lonardo, G. Della Rocca, and P. Raddi. "`Italico' and `Mediterraneo': Two Seiridium cardinale Canker-Resistant Cypress Cultivars of Cupressus sempervirens." HortScience 41, no. 5 (2006): 1357–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1357.
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Common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) is an integral feature of the landscape of many Mediterranean regions (particularly in Tuscany). Furthermore, common cypress has multiple uses as ornament, timber, windbreaks, recovery of deteriorated soils, protection of slopes and the production of essential oils. During the last three decades, Seiridum cardinale canker of cypress has caused severe losses in woods, windbreaks and ornamental plantings in the Mediterranean area, significantly limiting the use and cultivation of this tree. In this paper we describe `Italico' and `Mediterraneo', two C. sempervirens varieties which were patented in 2004 for their resistance to cypress canker. Both varieties are particularly suitable for ornamental purposes because of their fastigiated columnar habit and the low production of male flowers and cones. `Italico' and `Mediterraneo' represent the recent result of the breeding programme on cypress, in progress since the 1970s. This program aims at: 1) obtaining a high number of canker-resistant cypress clones and multi-clonal varieties to be used for ornamental plantings and windbreaks and 2) finding mother trees for the production of improved seed for reforestation purposes.
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Danti, R., S. Barberini, A. Pecchioli, V. Di Lonardo, and G. Della Rocca. "The Epidemic Spread of Seiridium cardinale on Leyland Cypress Severely Limits Its Use in the Mediterranean." Plant Disease 98, no. 8 (2014): 1081–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-13-1237-re.
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Leyland cypress (× Hesperotropsis leylandii) is a fast-growing conifer used in most temperate regions as an ornamental tree for hedges and screens, and is one of the most commercially important trees in Europe. In recent years, severe diebacks and mortality due to cypress canker have been observed on Leyland cypress plantations in Southern Europe. This study was conducted to evaluate (i) the spread and impact of cypress canker caused by Seiridium cardinale in plantations of a sample area of 1,250 km2 in central Italy, (ii) the response of the most commonly grown Leyland cypress varieties to artificial inoculation with to S. cardinal, and (iii) the pathogenicity of S. cardinale isolates obtained from Leyland cypress. Of the 1,411 surveyed trees, 11.4% had been killed by cypress canker and 43.9% of the living trees were affected by the disease. The number of diseased or dead trees and the percentage of cankered trunks was significantly correlated with the mean trunk diameter of the plantations. Six months after inoculation, the size of developed cankers was significantly different among the inoculated Leyland cypress cultivars but all of them showed markedly larger cankers than the C. sempervirens canker-resistant control clone. All of the tested S. cardinale isolates obtained from Leyland cypress also caused cankers on Cupressus sempervirens when inoculated as conidial suspensions or mycelia. Leyland cypress is highly prone to contract cypress canker in the Mediterranean due to its high susceptibility to S. cardinale infections, low genetic variability among the grown cultivars, and cracks which form on fast-growing trunks, favoring entry of the fungus into the inner bark and the occurrence of infections.
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Castillo Marchuet, MJ, O. Luengo, and V. Cardona. "Cypress Pollen Allergy in a Mediterranean Area." Journal of Investigational Allergology and Clinical Immunology 30, no. 1 (2020): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18176/jiaci.0444.
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LAMBARDI, Maurizio, Elif Aylin OZUDOGRU, Sara BARBERINI, and Roberto DANTI. "Strategies for Fast Multiplication and Conservation of Forest Trees by Somatic Embryogenesis and Cryopreservation: a Case Study with Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.)." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 46, no. 1 (2018): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha46111011.
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Common cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) is one of the most widespread species in the Mediterranean area. It has been traditionally cultivated for its ornamental value, becoming a typical feature of urban and rural landscapes, and high timber quality. In the last 30 years, cypress has been subjected to important breeding programmes, aimed to select clones tolerant to the widespread canker, caused by the pathogenic fungus Seiridium cardinale, leading to various patented varieties today available on the market, as well as for genotypes producing null or low amount of allergenic pollen. Somatic embryogenesis is a suitable in vitro regeneration method for fast cloning of conifer trees, and the cryopreservation of embryogenic callus is a significant tool for the safe long-term conservation of valuable cell lines. Recently, a complete protocol for the production of cypress plants from somatic embryogenesis was developed for the patented clone ‘Mediterraneo’. Here, the coupling of somatic embryogenesis and cryopreservation may offer a superior tool to propagate and maintain selected genotypes of cypress by overcoming repetitive subculturing of selected embryogenic callus lines. For the above, this study aimed to compare different cryopreservation techniques (PVS2-based vitrification and slow cooling) with the ‘Mediterraneo’ embryogenic callus line. Best results were obtained after the optimization of a slow cooling procedure, based on the 30-min treatment of embryogenic masses with a cryoprotective solution containing 180 g l-1 sucrose and 7.5% DMSO, followed by the reduction of the temperature at a rate of -1 °C min-1 up to -40 °C and the subsequent immersion in liquid nitrogen (“two-step freezing”).
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Barnes, Irene, Jolanda Roux, Michael J. Wingfield, Martin P. A. Coetzee, and Brenda D. Wingfield. "Characterization of Seiridium spp. Associated with Cypress Canker Based on ß-Tubulin and Histone Sequences." Plant Disease 85, no. 3 (2001): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.3.317.
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Cypress canker is a serious disease that has devastated Cupressus spp. in many parts of the world. In Mediterranean Europe it has caused the deaths of millions of trees. Three species of Seiridium, S. cardinale, S. cupressi, and S. unicorne, are associated with cypress canker. Considerable debate surrounds the taxonomic status of these fungi. They have been viewed as a single morphologically variable species, three distinct taxa; or two species based on the presence or absence of conidial appendages. Studies based on ribosomal DNA (ITS1, ITS2, and 5.8S gene) sequence failed to separate the cypress canker fungi. In an attempt to distinguish between the species associated with cypress canker we used histone and partial ß-tubulin sequences of fourteen isolates of Seiridium spp. from cypress. Analysis of sequence data showed Seiridium isolates from Cupressus spp., residing in two major clades. One clade accommodated S. unicorne isolates from Portugal and South Africa. The other major clade consisted of two subclades containing non-appendaged S. cardinale isolates. We believe the larger second clade, represents the cypress canker pathogens while the other clade contains the less pathogenic S. unicorne, which has a host range beyond Cupressus. This study thus provides strong evidence to support previous morphological data suggesting three distinct species are associated with cypress canker.
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Hlaiem, S., and ML Ben Jamâa. "Biological characteristics of Diplodia sapinea f. sp. cupressi infecting Cupressus sempervirens L. in Tunisia." Plant Pathology & Quarantine 13, no. 1 (2023): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5943/ppq/13/1/5.
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Cupressus sempervirens L. (Italian cypress), is a Mediterranean evergreen coniferous tree. Due to its ecological values, this cypress has been used in forest protection against desertification and soil conservation. Last decades, cypress dieback has been commonly observed in Tunisian forests. Symptoms of shoot dieback, necrosis, twig blight, and trunk cankers have been observed on cypress trees in Bou Chrik (Nabeul) region. The causal agent was identified as Diplodia pinea f. sp. cupressi. The mycelial growth rate of the fungus was evaluated by using four different media culture at 25 °C and at seven temperatures ranging from (5 °C to 35 °C) on PDA medium. The results showed that the species was able to grow in a range of temperatures ranging from 20 to 25 °C and showed a higher growth rate on PDA medium. A pathogenicity test was conducted on C. sempervirens seedlings, and the aggressiveness of the fungus was approved.
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TOCCAFONDI, PAOLO, FABRIZIO PENNACCHIO, LAURA LUONGO, et al. "PHLOEOSINUS ARMATUS REITTER (COLEOPTERA CURCULIONIDAE SCOLYTINAE) AND ITS ASSOCIATED FUNGAL COMMUNITY COLONIZING CUPRESSUS SEMPERVIRENS L. IN TUSCANY (ITALY)." Redia 108 (February 14, 2025): 71–81. https://doi.org/10.19263/redia-108.25.08.
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Cupressus sempervirens L., is native to the eastern Mediterranean basin and the Middle East. In the last decades, this plant has suffered severe and widespread damages produced by the virulent mitosporic fungus, Seiridium cardinale responsible for a pandemic disease referred to as “Cypress canker”. Since then, many studies have been conducted on insect vectors and associated plant pathogens but knowledge on the relationship between bark beetles and Cupressaceae-related fungi remains still scarce. In this work, ecological and bio-ethological observations were reported to shed light on the complex behavior of the bark beetle Phloeosinus armatus and its interactions with C. sempervirens in five selected sites of Tuscany. Moreover, the fungal communities associated with both P. armatus adults and its gallery systems were morphologically and molecularly investigated. Pestalotiopsis, Geosmithia and Penicillium were the most frequently recorded fungal taxa. Key Words: Bark beetle, Mediterranean Cypress, pest distribution, pathogenic fungi.
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Giannetti, Francesca, Livia Passarino, Gianfrancesco Aleandri, et al. "Efficiency of Mobile Laser Scanning for Digital Marteloscopes for Conifer Forests in the Mediterranean Region." Forests 15, no. 12 (2024): 2202. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15122202.
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This study evaluates the performance of the ZEB Horizon RT portable mobile laser scanner (MLS) in simulating silvicultural thinning operations across three different Tuscan forests dominated by Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Italian cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.), and Stone pine (Pinus pinea L.). The aim is to compare the efficiency and accuracy of the MLS with traditional dendrometric methods. The study established three marteloscopes, each covering a 50 m × 50 m plot area (0.25 ha). Traditional dendrometric methods involved a team georeferencing trees using a total station and measuring the diameter at breast height (DBH) and selected tree heights (H) to calculate the growing stock volume (GSV). The MLS survey was carried out by a two-person team, who processed the point cloud data with LiDAR 360 software to automatically identify the tree positions, DBH, and H. The methods were compared based on the time, cost, and simulated felling volume. The MLS method was more time-efficient, saving nearly one and a half hours per marteloscope, equivalent to EUR 170. This advantage was most significant in denser stands, especially the Italian cypress forest. Both methods were comparable in terms of accuracy for Douglas-fir and Stone pine stands, with no significant differences in felling number or volume, although greater differences were noted for the Italian cypress forest.
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Bianchi, Lucas O., and Guillermo E. Defossé. "Live fuel moisture content and leaf ignition of forest species in Andean Patagonia, Argentina." International Journal of Wildland Fire 24, no. 3 (2015): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf13099.
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Wildfires are common from summer to early fall in Patagonian forests of Argentina. Live fuel moisture content (LFMC) and leaf ignition are important factors for understanding fire behaviour. In this study, we determined seasonal LFMC and leaf ignition of some key fire-prone species of these forests, and their relationships with environmental variables. Species investigated were the native trees ñire (Nothofagus antarctica) and cypress (Austrocedrus chilensis), the understorey tree-like radal (Lomatia hirsuta) and laura (Schinus patagonicus), the bamboo caña colihue (Chusquea culeou), and the non-native black poplar (Populus nigra). LFMC differed among species, with caña colihue having lower values (LFMC <100%); ñire, laura, cypress, and radal having medium values (110–220%); and black poplar, upper values (>220%). Ignition characteristics differed among species (caña colihue > ñire > radal > cypress > laura > black poplar) and were inversely related to LFMC. Correlations between LFMC and environmental variables were highly significant for caña colihue, significant for ñire, radal, and laura, and weakly significant or non-significant for cypress and black poplar. These results contribute to our understanding of fire behaviour, and validate the fuel typology for Patagonian forests. At the same time, they add some useful knowledge for comparison with other fire-prone Mediterranean ecosystems around the world.
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López-Sáez, José Antonio, Arthur Glais, Ioannis Tsiripidis, Spyros Tsiftsis, Daniel Sánchez-Mata, and Laurent Lespez. "Phytosociological and ecological discrimination of Mediterranean cypress ('Cupressus sempervirens') communities in Crete (Greece) by means of pollen analysis." Mediterranean Botany 40, no. 2 (2019): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/mbot.59789.
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Sixty modern surface samples collected from mosses in different cypress forest communities (Cupressus sempervirens L.) on the island of Crete (Greece) were analysed for their pollen content. The samples were taken from six different cypress phytosociological associations between 23 and 1600 m asl, and fall within distinct rainfall and temperature regimes. The aims of this paper are to provide new data on the modern pollen rain from the Aegean islands, and to perform these data using multivariate statistics (hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis) and pollen percentages. The discrimination of pollen assemblages corresponds to a large extent to the floristic differentiation of Cupressus sempervirens forest vegetation and indicates the existence of three new associations.
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Hussain, Mohd Kamil, Mohammad Saquib, Tanveer Ahamad, Shahnaaz Khatoon, and Mohammad Faheem Khan. "Mediterranean Cypress “Cupressus sempervirens”: A Review on Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties." Current Traditional Medicine 5, no. 4 (2019): 278–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2215083805666190619103224.
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Background: Cupressus sempervirens (C. sempervirens), commonly known as Mediterranean cypress is native to the eastern Mediterranean region, North America and subtropical Asia at higher altitudes. The crude, semi-purified and purified extracts of C. sempervirens have long been recognized for its pharmacological activities as evidenced by its extensive use by indigenous cultures in herbal medicines, tonics and infusion. Pharmacological properties displayed the prodigious biological activities that could be further explored for development of new herbal formulations or therapeutic agents. Aims: This review presents a critical analysis of the current state of knowledge about the ethno medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of C. sempervirens L and its future applications. Materials and Methods: Literature related to C. sempervirens and its synonyms were searched on the available online literature databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, SciFinder, Scopus, Springer, ScienceDirect, Wiley, ACS, Scielo and Web of Science, thesis, dissertations, books, reports, local herbal encyclopedias and other relevant websites. Results: A review of literature showed that decoction of cones and young branches of C. sempervirens gave astonishing effect in the treatment of hemorrhoids and to treat excessive sweating in the feet. Enormous pharmacological properties have been found including antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, wound-healing, anticoagulant, antihyperlipidemic, anticancer, neurobiological, antidiabetic, and antiosteoporotic. Approximately 109 phytochemical constituents have been searched out as isolates from various parts of this plant comprising mostly diterpenoids and biflavonoids. Conclusion: Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have provided support for the traditional uses of C. sempervirens but further research work is required towards isolating more active constituents and for validating its clinical utilization in the herbal formulations for humans as well as investigating any potential toxicity for future clinical studies.
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Soltani, Jalal, and Mahdieh S. Hosseyni Moghaddam. "Fungal Endophyte Diversity and Bioactivity in the Mediterranean Cypress Cupressus sempervirens." Current Microbiology 70, no. 4 (2014): 580–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0753-y.
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Popova, Milena, Boryana Trusheva, Simone Cutajar, et al. "Identification of the Plant Origin of the Botanical Biomarkers of Mediterranean type Propolis." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 5 (2012): 1934578X1200700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200700505.
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Propolis is a honeybee product which bees produce by collecting resins from various botanical sources. The chemical composition of propolis is directly dependant on the availability of resinous plant materials in different geographic regions. This study was undertaken to evaluate the resinous plant sources used by bees to produce Mediterranean type propolis. Although this propolis type has already been the subject of numerous studies, its major botanical source had not yet been identified. In this study, using GC-MS analysis, we identify the resin of the common cypress, Cupressus sempervirens, as the major plant source of the characteristic diterpene fingerprint profile of Mediterranean propolis.
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Intini, M., A. Panconesi, M. L. Ben Jamâa, G. Stanosz, and D. Smith. "First Report of Diplodia Canker of Cypress Caused by Diplodia pinea f. sp. cupressi on Mediterranean Cypress in Tunisia." Plant Disease 89, no. 11 (2005): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-89-1246a.
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Symptoms of decline were observed on Mediterranean cypress trees (Cupressus sempervirens L.) in Tunisia in 2003 and 2004; disease specimens were vouchered as FIAF 38649. The declining, windbreak trees in the Cap Bon Region were 25 to 30 years old. Severity of symptoms varied among trees. Thus, areas of reddish, withered foliage alternated with areas that were still green. Other trees were completely withered. The bases of withered branches and tree trunks bore slightly sunken cankers with longitudinal bark cracks that oozed drops of resin. When the outer layer of a cankered area was scraped away, dark brown inner bark tissue was seen to extend up to several centimeters around the canker. Cross sections through cankers on trunks and branches revealed extensive darkened, wedge-shaped sectors in the wood. The affected bark bore numerous black pycnidia. Conidia were mostly smooth, ovoid, hyaline, and aseptate; a few were brown with a medial septum. The mean conidial dimensions (n = 100) were 27 × 11 μm; the extreme range was 19 to 31 × 8 to 13 μm. Isolates obtained from affected host tissue and conidia developed mainly floccose colonies that were white, then greyish green, and finally dark gray black on potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 25°C. Blackish pycnidial fructifications containing typical conidia were produced after 5 weeks on autoclaved cypress seeds placed on the colonies under light. Pathogenicity was tested using five 3-year-old potted Mediterranean cypress trees. These were inoculated by placing 3-mm-diameter plugs of mycelium of isolate DF IMG86 (DAOM 234788) from the edge of a 15-day-old colony on PDA on 5-mm-diameter wounds made in the bark. The wounds were covered with cotton wool moistened with sterile water and wrapped in adhesive tape. Similar wounds on five control trees received a plug of sterile PDA. Symptoms occurred as early as the third week after inoculation. The leaves first became yellow and then turned amaranth red, after which they progressively withered. Two months after inoculation, cankers were clearly visible at the inoculation site. Isolates from these cankers were morphologically similar to those used for inoculation. The control plants did not show any disease symptoms and their wounds healed normally. Morphological, cultural, and pathological characteristics of the fungus isolated from cypress with decline symptoms were similar to those of the fungus referred to as Diplodia pinea f. sp. cupressi or Sphaeropsis sapinea f. sp. cupressi (1). Identification was confirmed by marker analysis by using intersimple sequence repeat polymerase chain reaction (2). Banding patterns for isolate DF IMG86 were produced using primers HYH(GY)7 and (CAG)5 and were identical to those for Diplodia pinea f. sp. cupressi isolates 94-3 (DAOM 229437) and 95-158 (DAOM 229439) and differed from those obtained for isolates of Diplodia pinea (S. sapinea A group), D. scrobiculata (S. sapinea B group), Botryosphaeria obtusa, and B. stevensii. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this pathogen in Tunisia. The development of D. pinea f. sp. cupressi on cypress windbreaks in the Cap Bon Region may be related to a drought that has afflicted Tunisia for the past 5 years. Reference: (1) Z. Solel et al. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 9:115, 1987. (2) S. Zhou et al. Mycol. Res. 105:919, 2001.
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D’Auria, Alessia, Maurizio Teobaldelli, and Gaetano Di Pasquale. "The late Holocene history of cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) in the Italian peninsula: New perspectives from archaeobotanical data." Holocene 30, no. 2 (2019): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959683619875812.
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The objective of this research is to reconstruct the recent Holocene history of Cupressus sempervirens from the Bronze to the Roman Age in Italy. Our work consisted both in a review of published data and in the identification of novel archaeobotanical remains stored in the deposits of the National Archaeological Museum of Naples and of the Archaeological Park of Pompeii. The literature permitted to collect information linked to different plant remain typologies of the Italian cypress; 362 botanical remains were counted, of which 292 were from the Vesuvian area and 70 from other archaeological sites of the central and western Mediterranean. Data chronology spans from the second century BC to the AD fifth century for the archaeological area of ancient Campania and from the 14th century BC to the AD fourth century for the sites located in different regions. It is clear that the ‘cypress culture’ is confirmed by the archaeobotanical data found in the Roman world. Romans especially appreciated its timber but cypress was also used for many other purposes. Furthermore, the employment of timber for wells was documented in pre-Roman sites and the presence of fruits/seeds in central Italy confirms its importance also in the Bronze Age.
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Tawfeeq, Amani Amer, and Shatha H Ali. "Isolation and Structural Characterization of Quercetin 3-O-Rhamnoside and Essential oil Estimation from Leaves of Iraqi Cupressus sempervirens L (Conference Paper )#." Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 31, Suppl. (2023): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol31isssuppl.pp121-130.
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Cupressus sempervirens L., Cupressaceae, that is known as evergreen cypress, Mediterranean cypress and in Arabic called “al -Sarw. It is an evergreen, medium sized, longevity, and wide distributed over all the world. The plant represents an important member of conifer plants which characterized with aromatic leaves and cones. Cupressus sempervirens have been ethnobotanical uses as an antiseptic, relief of cough, astringent, antispasmodic, wound healing and anti-inflammatory. Aims of this work are phytochemical analysis, isolation and structural identification of Quercitroside (quercitrin) and essential oil in Iraqi C. sempervirens. Isolation of quercitrin was performed by preparative HPLC from n-butanol fraction that prepared and extracted from Cupressus sempervirens leaves using ultrasound probe extraction, the structural identification of isolated quercitrin done by FT-IR characterized by bands at varies of frequency ranges. Moreover, LCMSMS; molecular ion at 448 m/z and base peak m/z 301. Furthermore, isolation of essential oil using hydro-distillation and estimated by GC-MS, the results show a good essential oil yield 0.9% with an interesting concentration of alpha-pinene 44%, carene10%, cedrol 4.86%, and β- myrcene 3.67%. A new Quercetin-glycoside in Cupressus Semperviren species in addition, 0.9% essential oil yield considered important phytochemicals with good concentration in Iraqi cypress plant.
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Spennemann, Dirk. "A note on seed dispersal by Little Corellas Cacatua sanguinea." Australian Field Ornithology 40 (2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo40001005.
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A flock of Little Corellas Cacatua sanguinea deposited six large American Sweetgum (Liquidambar) Liquidambar styraciflua fruit and three Mediterranean Cypress Cupressus sempervirens cones under the canopy of a Yellow Box Eucalyptus melliodora in a suburban backyard in Albury, New South Wales. Subsequent searches encountered American Sweetgum fruit under four further Yellow Boxes with evidence of pruning by Little Corellas. This is the first record of actual seed dispersal by the species, as well as of the use of American Sweetgum as food. These observations underline the importance of psittacids as incidental dispersers of plant seed.
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AL-Oqla, Faris M. "Investigating the mechanical performance deterioration of Mediterranean cellulosic cypress and pine/polyethylene composites." Cellulose 24, no. 6 (2017): 2523–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-017-1280-3.
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Pakvaz, S., and J. Soltani. "Endohyphal bacteria from fungal endophytes of the Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) exhibitin vitrobioactivity." Forest Pathology 46, no. 6 (2016): 569–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/efp.12274.
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Kaczyńska, Elwira. "Greckie wyrazy βόρατον, βράθυ, βουρί jako przykłady zapożyczenia wielokrotnego". Symbolae Philologorum Posnaniensium Graecae et Latinae 33, № 1 (2023): 169–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/sppgl.2023.xxxiii.1.13.
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The paper discusses three Ancient Greek appellatives βόρατον, βράθυ, βουρί denoting conifers from the Cupressaceae family and demonstrates a common Semitic origin of these dendronyms. They should be treated as examples of multiple borrowing, the ultimate source of which was the uniform Proto-Semitic archetype *burāṯ- ‘juniper, Juniperus L.’. It should be assumed that the ancient Greeks borrowed two synonymous terms βόρατον n. ‘stinking juniper, Juniperus foetidissima Willd.; savin juniper, Juniperus sabina L.’ and βράθυ n. ‘id.’ from two different Aramaic sources. On the other hand, the Pamphylian dialectism βουρί n. ‘Mediterranean cypress, Cupressus sempervirens L.’ was borrowed from an Akkadian source via Anatolian languages to Ancient Greek (Gk. Pamph. βουρί n. ‘cypress’ ← Lycian *burhi < *burehi < Luwian *burašiš c. ← Assyrian or Akkadian burāšu ‘(Phoenician) juniper’ < Old Akkadian burāšum ‘juniper’ < Proto-Semitic *burāṯ-). A carefully conducted analysis of lexical data clearly demonstrates that language contacts between the Semites and the Greeks took place at different times and in many places, so potential Semitisms could have gradually penetrated the Greek vocabulary by various ways.
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Ebrahiminezhad, Alireza, Saeed Taghizadeh, and Younes Ghasemi. "Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Mediterranean Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) Leaf Extract." American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology 13, no. 1 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2017.1.6.
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Manescu, C., Ν. Hamamouch, C. Maios, A. Harfouche, A. G. Doulis, and F. A. Aravanopoulos. "Linkage mapping of the Mediterranean cypress, Cupressus sempervirens, based on molecular and morphological markers." Genetics and Molecular Research 10, no. 3 (2011): 1891–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/vol10-3gmr1179.
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Santini, Alberto, and Alessandro Camussi. "The environmental effect on crown shape of common cypress clones in the Mediterranean countries." Annals of Forest Science 57, no. 3 (2000): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2000118.
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Baruch, O., Z. Mendel, I. Scharf, and A. R. Harari. "Mating system, mate choice and parental care in a bark beetle." Bulletin of Entomological Research 107, no. 5 (2017): 611–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000311.
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AbstractThe cypress bark beetle,Phloeosinus armatus, is a common element of the dying cypress tree system in East-Mediterranean countries. Adult beetles congregate for breeding on this ephemeral resource. We studied three traits that characterize this beetle's sexual behavior and linked them to its reproductive success: mating system, mate choice, and parental care. We found that the females are the ‘pioneering sex’, excavating the mating chamber. The average female is slightly larger than the male, and female and male body size is correlated, demonstrating size-assortative mating. The time it takes for a male to enter the mating chamber is positively correlated with female size and negatively correlated with its own size, which is perhaps responsible for this assortative mating. Males remain in the gallery during the period of oviposition, gradually leaving soon after the eggs hatch. The number of eggs laid and tunnel length are positively correlated with male body size. Finally, in the presence of both parents, more eggs are laid than when the female alone is present, demonstrating the important contribution of biparental care for reproductive success. We suggest that the interaction between a monogamous mating system, assortative mating, and biparental care contributes to reproductive success.
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Della Rocca, Gianni, Roberto Danti, Carmen Hernando, et al. "Terpenoid Accumulation Links Plant Health and Flammability in the Cypress-Bark Canker Pathosystem." Forests 11, no. 6 (2020): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060651.
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To explore the possible relationship between diseased trees and wildfires, we assessed the flammability of canker-resistant and susceptible common cypress clones that were artificially infected with Seiridium cardinale compared to healthy trees. This study explored the effect of terpenoids produced by the host plant in response to infection and the presence of dead plant portions on flammability. Terpenoids were extracted and quantified in foliage and bark samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). A Mass Loss Calorimeter was used to determine the main flammability descriptors. The concentration of terpenoids in bark and leaf samples and the flammability parameters were compared using a generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) model. A partial least square (PLS) model was generated to predict flammability based on the content of terpenoid, clone response to bark canker and the disease status of the plants. The total terpenoid content drastically increased in the bark of both cypress clones after infection, with a greater (7-fold) increase observed in the resistant clone. On the contrary, levels of terpenoids in leaves did not alter after infection. The GLMM model showed that after infection, plants of the susceptible clone appeared to be much more flammable in comparison to those of resistant clones, showing higher ignitability, combustibility, sustainability and consumability. This was mainly due to the presence of dried crown parts in the susceptible clone. The resistant clone showed a slightly higher ignitability after infection, while the other flammability parameters did not change. The PLS model (R2Y = 56%) supported these findings, indicating that dead crown parts and fuel moisture content accounted for most of the variation in flammability parameters and greatly prevailed on terpenoid accumulation after infection. The results of this study suggest that a disease can increase the flammability of trees. The deployment of canker-resistant cypress clones can reduce the flammability of cypress plantations in Mediterranean areas affected by bark canker. Epidemiological data of diseased tree distribution can be an important factor in the prediction of fire risk.
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Della Rocca, G., C. A. Eyre, R. Danti, and M. Garbelotto. "Sequence and Simple-Sequence Repeat Analyses of the Fungal Pathogen Seiridium cardinale Indicate California Is the Most Likely Source of the Cypress Canker Epidemic for the Mediterranean Region." Phytopathology® 101, no. 12 (2011): 1408–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-05-11-0144.
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Seiridium cardinale is the pathogenic fungus of unknown origin responsible for a world pandemic known as cypress canker affecting several species of Cupressaceae in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere. In this study, a comparative genetic analysis of worldwide populations was performed using sequence analysis of a portion of the β-tubulin locus and seven polymorphic simple-sequence repeat (SSR) loci on 96 isolates. Sequence analysis identified two distinct β-tubulin alleles, both present in California. Only one of the two alleles was detected in the Mediterranean basin, while two isolates from the Southern Hemisphere were characterized by the presence of the allele absent from the Mediterranean. SSRs identified a total of 46 multilocus genotypes (MGs): genotypic diversity was always higher in the California population, and calculations of the index of association (IA) determined the presence of linkage disequilibrium associated with the absence of sexual reproduction only in the Mediterranean population but not in California. In 50 instances, the same MG was found at great geographic distances, implying a role played by humans in spreading the disease. Network analysis performed on SSR data identified three clusters of MGs: California, Morocco, and the rest of the Mediterranean. Both the Morocco and the Mediterranean clusters were linked to the California cluster. Coalescent analysis identified insignificant migration between California and Italy, as expected in the presence of a single introduction event, and very high migration from Italy into Greece, as expected of an outbreak still in exponential growth phase and starting from an Italian source.
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Barni, Simona, Davide Caimmi, Fernanda Chiera, et al. "Phenotypes and Endotypes of Peach Allergy: What Is New?" Nutrients 14, no. 5 (2022): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14050998.
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Peach allergy is emerging as a common type of fresh-fruit allergy in Europe, especially in the Mediterranean area. The clinical manifestations of peach allergy tend to have a peculiar geographical distribution and can range from mild oral symptoms to anaphylaxis, depending on the allergic sensitization profile. The peach allergen Pru p 7, also known as peamaclein, has recently been identified as a marker of peach allergy severity and as being responsible for peculiar clinical features in areas with high exposure to cypress pollen. This review addresses the latest findings on molecular allergens for the diagnosis of peach allergy, the clinical phenotypes and endotypes of peach allergy in adults and children, and management strategies, including immunotherapy, for peach allergy.
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Shahali, Y., P. Nicaise, A. Brázdová, et al. "Complementarity between Microarray and Immunoblot for the Comparative Evaluation of IgE Repertoire of French and Italian Cypress Pollen Allergic Patients." Folia Biologica 60, no. 4 (2014): 192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/fb2014060040192.
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Cypress pollen represents the primary cause of respiratory allergies in Mediterranean areas. Patients allergic to Cupressus sempervirens pollen (Cups) (CPA) can be discriminated on the basis of the immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding to a basic 14 kDa protein (BP14) or to high-molecular-weight (HMW) glycoproteins only. Specific IgE repertoires of two differentially exposed CPA cohorts, French and Italian, were investigated using an IgE microarray system (some known major allergens from several allergenic sources) and individual IgE immunoblotting (IB) of whole Cups pollen extract separated by SDS-PAGE (all allergens from one allergenic source: cypress pollen). The prevalence of sensitization to BP14 was higher in French (37 %) than in Italian patients (17 %) and major differences were observed in IgE reactivities to lipid transfer proteins (LTPs). Thirty percent of the Italian CPA (4 % in the French group) had specific IgE against the Parietaria pollen LTP, independently of IB subgroups. Regarding peach LTP sensitization, all Pru p 3+ Italian CPA (10 %) were in the HMW+ subgroup, while Pru p 3+ French CPA (20 %) were all included in the BP14+ subgroup. BP14 sensitization is likely a marker of Cups exposure and is, in French CPA, significantly correlated to Pru p 3 sensitization. The IgE immunoblot and microarray are complementary tools that highlight differences in the subtle sensitization profile between groups of patients in comparative studies.
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Garcillán, P. P. "Seed release without fire in Callitropsis guadalupensis, a serotinous cypress of a Mediterranean-climate oceanic island." Journal of Arid Environments 74, no. 4 (2010): 512–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.09.017.
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Pordel, Rahmatollah, Vahide Payamnoor, Mohammad Esmaeilpour, Gholamreza Goodarzi, and Hossein Yousefi. "Nanoparticles and magnetic field as novel elicitors improve seed germination and early growth of Mediterranean cypress." Folia Forestalia Polonica 66, no. 1 (2024): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2024-0003.
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Abstract This study aimed to investigate the possibility of increasing the germination traits and early growth characteristics of Mediterranean cypress by applying nanopriming and magnetic field. To perform nanopriming, seeds were primed with nanochitin, nanochitosan and nanocellulose at a concentration of 1% for 2 h. For magnetopriming, the seeds were exposed to a magnetic field at three levels (20, 30 and 40 mT) for 1, 10 and 20 min and then sown. In combined treatment, the seeds were exposed to the magnetic field and then primed in nanoparticle solutions at the same treatments as mentioned earlier, and were planted. Non-exposed seeds were used as a control. The selected seed germination parameters (the percentage and speed of germination, stem and radicle length, collar root diameter, fresh and dry weights of the radicle and stem, number of leaves and leaf area) of young seedlings were examined. The interaction of nano × magnetic resulted in significant differences in the number of leaves, leaf area, length of the radicle, length of the stem, fresh weight of the radicle, fresh weight of the stem and stem dry weight traits. The results showed that among all the applied treatments, 10 min magnetism to 20 mT and then priming with 1% solution of nanocellulose was the best. It increased the germination percentage (1.31 times), germination rate (1.46 times), number of leaves (1.57 times), leaf area (1.36 times) and radicle length (1.74 times) compared to the control (no treatment). A 20-min treatment under a 30-mT magnetic field (without nanoprime) is also recommended.
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Rouault, Gaelle, Raffaella Cantini, Andrea Battisti, and Alain Roques. "Geographic distribution and ecology of two species of Orsillus (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) associated with cones of native and introduced Cupressaceae in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin." Canadian Entomologist 137, no. 4 (2005): 450–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/n04-044.
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AbstractIn the Mediterranean Basin, two species of true seed bugs in the genus Orsillus Dallas, O. maculatus Fieber and O. depressus Mulsant et Rey, share the exploitation of seed cones of Cupressaceae for feeding and reproduction and may carry spores of the pathogenic fungus Seiridium cardinale Sutton & Gibson, responsible for the cypress bark canker disease. We compared the life history of the two species. A total of 89 cone collections carried out in 10 Mediterranean countries confirmed that O. maculatus is most closely associated with Cupressus sempervirens L., although it may also infest some other Cupressus L. species and, more rarely, species of Chamaecyparis Spach. Orsillus depressus appears to be less host-specific, being capable of feeding and ovipositing on most of the native and exotic species of Juniperus L., Cupressus, and Chamaecyparis. On C. sempervirens, the abundance of each Orsillus species follows an inverted longitudinal gradient along the Mediterranean Basin, probably corresponding to the pathway of introduction of this tree species from its native eastern range towards western Europe. The dominance of O. maculatus progressively decreases from east to west, whereas O. depressus becomes dominant in the Iberian Peninsula. By contrast, O. depressus is the dominant seed bug on other Cupressaceae all over Europe and the Mediterranean Basin. In the area in which C. sempervirens has been introducted, both Orsillus species may live on the same tree, but morphological variability of both adults and nymphs often hinders accurate identification of the species. Based on frequency distribution, the relative length of the rostrum compared with that of the body seems to be a diagnostic character for specific identification of nymphs of the last two instars.
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Rasoolzadeh, Reihaneh, Naghmeh Mobarghaee Dinan, Hassan Esmaeilzadeh, Yousef Rashidi, Marina Viorela Marcu, and Seyed Mohammad Moein Sadeghi. "Carbon Sequestration and Storage of Urban Trees in a Polluted Semiarid City." Forests 15, no. 9 (2024): 1488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15091488.
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Cities play a critical role in anthropogenic CO2 emissions, which exacerbate climate change and impact urban populations. Urban green infrastructure, such as urban trees, provides essential ecosystem services, including reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. However, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding the impact of urban trees on climate change in semiarid, polluted cities like Tehran, the capital and largest metropolis of the Middle East. This study assesses the carbon sequestration and storage potential of Tehran’s urban infrastructure using the i-Tree Eco model. A randomized cluster sampling method was employed, collecting data on species composition, diameter at breast height (DBH), and total tree height. The results indicate that Tehran’s urban trees sequester approximately 60,102 tons of carbon per year, equivalent to 220,393 tons of CO2. The net carbon storage in urban trees is about 254,579 tons, equivalent to 933,455 tons of CO2. Parks and urban green spaces demonstrate the highest rate of carbon sequestration per hectare, followed by urban services land use. Prioritizing the planting of species with high sequestration rates like Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress) and Cupressus sempervirens L. var. horizontalis (Mediterranean cypress) could enhance carbon sequestration efforts in Tehran. These data provide valuable insights into the carbon sequestration potential and environmental impact of different land use types, and may aid in the development of effective environmental policies and land management strategies in semiarid urban areas and other cities in similar settings.
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Kereši, Tatjana. "Recent records of the cypress jewel beetle: Lamprodila (Palmar) festiva (Linnaeus, 1767) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Serbia." Topola, no. 206 (2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/topola2005025k.
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Lamprodila (Palmar) festiva (Linnaeus, 1767), cypress jewel beetle is a species widespread in the Mediterranean, but has been rapidly expanding North and East over the last decade. It is harmful to plants of the genus Juniperus, Chamaecyparis, Cupressus, Platycladus and Thuja. It attacks both, the healthy and stressed plants and destroys them within 2-3 years. There is lack of information about this buprestid in Serbia, except that heavy damage from it was registered in 2014, without specifying localities of the damage. This work provides exact geographical records where species was noticed in Serbia (near Belgrade and Sremski Karlovci) during past two years. Considering the great damage it can cause, much more attention should be paid in the future to monitoring the occurrence and abundance of this species, particularly in the nurseries and new planted hedges.
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Hamadneh, Imad, Ahmed Al-Mobydeen, Fayza Hannoon, et al. "Arsenite adsorption on biochar-based nano copper oxide composites using Mediterranean cypress cones: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 221 (2021): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2021.27043.
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Fernandes, L., D. Paiva, I. Roxo, J. Trovão, H. Bragança, and A. Portugal. "First Report of Neousicoccum luteum as the Causal Agent of Canker and Die-Back of Cupressus sempervirens." Silva Lusitana 29, no. 2 (2021): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/silu/20212902101.
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The Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens) is a species native to the eastern Mediterranean region, with many uses and properties. The Botryosphaeriaceae fungal family and in particular Neofusicoccum luteum are known for being both primary pathogens and opportunists, mainly on woody hosts such as conifers. This species was first reported in Portugal in 2012 on several coniferous hosts, including C. sempervirens. However, no report of N. luteum causing disease in this host has been reported either in Portugal or in any other country. In an attempt to understand the underlying causes of dieback of one C. sempervirens tree in the municipality of Aveiro (Portugal), we conducted a multi analytical study based on fungal isolation and identification. Fungal isolations were made from unhealthy plant material, resulting in the N. luteum identification. Moreover, Koch's postulates were carried out, leading to the development of lesions at the inoculation spots in the tested plants. Further re-isolation attempts from lesion areas lead to the confirmation of the presence of N. luteum. Our results point that N. luteum was the causal agent of disease on the sampled tree, marking this as the first report of N. luteum causing dieback in C. sempervirens. These results can be important in future diagnosis of this disease in this host, as well as be the kick-start for prevention regarding the aforementioned fungus.
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Terzopoulou, Paschalina, Vasiliki Kamperidou, and Charalampos Lykidis. "Cypress Wood and Bark Residues Chemical Characterization and Utilization as Fuel Pellets Feedstock." Forests 13, no. 8 (2022): 1303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13081303.
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In order to meet the growing demand for raw material of solid biofuels, it is imperative to find alternative materials of low cost, underutilized so far. In this study, wood and bark material of two common cypress species (Mediterranean and Arizona cypress) were chemically characterized through gravimetric and spectroscopic (FTIR) analyses, to assess their potential to be used as raw materials in the production of fuel pellets. Low bark concentrations (0%, 2%, and 7%) were applied, and the mixtures were densified in a flat-die pellet press. The produced pellets were examined in terms of thermal, physical, hygroscopic, and mechanical properties, using standard ISO17225 thresholds as benchmark. The results revealed that the effect of bark presence in low content οn pellet properties and quality was positive. The ash content of both wood species is adequately low for biofuels production, whereas their bark cannot be purely used as feedstock due to the high ash content. By using low bark contents (2% or 7%), the ash content of pellets was kept adequately low to be categorized in the highest quality classes (A1 and A2: for residential applications), while the produced pellets demonstrated improved dimensional stability, mechanical durability, and slightly improved calorific value. The moisture content, dimensions, and bulk density of all the produced pellet categories fulfilled the standard requirements. Even though the pellets of 2% bark share presented much lower ash contents, only the pellets of 7% bark share were proven to have considerably improved mechanical durability, suitable for residential use. The chemical composition of raw materials (especially the extractives and holocellulose) plays a major role in the mechanical durability of pellets.
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Pedron, Luca, Giovanna Piva, and Nicola La Porta. "The Genetic Structure of Cypress Canker Fungus in Italy Using RAPD and Minisatellite Markers." Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica 3, Special Edition (2007): 159–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2007-0027.
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Over the past half century a destructive blight of Cupressus spp., caused by Seiridium cardinale, has spread worldwide from North America, devastating forests, plantations, and ornamental cypresses. The epidemic has been particularly severe in the Mediterranean region, on C. sempervirens. Seventy-seven isolates of Seiridium cardinale have been collected for the genetic characterization of the North-Italian populations of the fungus. Five Seiridium spp. isolates from different countries and different hosts growing in different parts of the world were used for comparison. The structure of the population has been analysed by means of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) and Direct Amplification of Minisatellite-Region DNA (DAMD) PCR marker techniques by using the M13 core sequence. The results indicated a very high level of homogeneity in the North-Italian population of the fungus, whereas a certain variability was recognized in isolates from other hosts and other species. The isolates belonged to the North-Italian population appear to be very similar from the molecular comparison with both type of markers. The isolate from Greece was included in the same group of the Italian isolates. Only the S. cardinale from Chile was clustered at significant distance from the other S. cardinale isolates from Italy and Greece. The genetic homogeneity of the fungus in Italy suggests that this population has gone through a recent genetic bottleneck, perhaps from the introduction in Europe of few genotypes of the fungus. This supports the hypothesis that the pathogen was introduced to Europe during World War II on infected wood material from the United States. The results are discussed in relation to the introduction and spread of the fungus in Europe.
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Arsalani, Mohsen, Jussi Grießinger, Kambiz Pourtahmasi, and Achim Bräuning. "Multi-centennial reconstruction of drought events in South-Western Iran using tree rings of Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 567 (April 2021): 110296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2021.110296.
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Lambardi, M., D. Lachance, A. Séguin, and P. J. Charest. "Evaluation of microprojectile-mediated DNA delivery and reporter genes for genetic transformation of the Mediterranean cypress ( Cupressus sempervirens L.)." Plant Cell Reports 18, no. 3-4 (1998): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050556.
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Baldi, Paolo, Krishnasamy Muthuchelian, and Nicola La Porta. "Leaf plasticity to light intensity in Italian cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.): Adaptability of a Mediterranean conifer cultivated in the Alps." Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology 117 (December 2012): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2012.09.006.
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Faucheux, Michel J., Tamás Németh, Johana Hoffmannova, and Robin Kundrata. "Scanning Electron Microscopy Reveals the Antennal Micromorphology of Lamprodila (Palmar) festiva (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), an Invasive Pest of Ornamental Cupressaceae in Western Palaearctic." Biology 9, no. 11 (2020): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology9110375.
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The Cypress jewel beetle, Lamprodila (Palmar) festiva festiva (Linnaeus, 1767), is a serious invasive pest of ornamental Cupressaceae, which has recently expanded its range from the Mediterranean region northwards to central and eastern Europe, and to the Russian Black Sea coast. In this study, we conducted a scanning electron microscopy study of the micromorphology of the male and female antennae of L. festiva to examine the morphology, numbers, distribution, and possible functions of antennal sensilla. Most sensilla are located in the sensory fields within the apical depressions on antennomeres IV–XI. We identified four main types of antennal sensilla in L. festiva: sensilla chaetica (seven subtypes, of which two occur only in females), sensilla basiconica (five subtypes), multiporous grooved pegs (two subtypes), and Böhm sensilla. Females have relatively more sensilla chaetica and multiporous grooved pegs, whereas males have more sensilla basiconica. We discuss possible functions of all examined sensilla and compare them with those in other Buprestidae or other insects. Our study should serve as background information for advanced electrophysiological and behavioral experiments to better understand the functions of different sensilla and mechanisms related to semiochemically based pest control strategies.
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Langgut, Dafna, Kathryn Gleason, and Barbara Burrell. "Pollen analysis as evidence for Herods Royal Garden at the Promontory Palace, Caesarea." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 62, no. 1-2 (2015): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.2014.975560.
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This study is the first to successfully address the identification of the botanical components of a garden in the 2000-year-old palatial courtyard of Herod the Great's Promontory Palace in Caesarea Maritima. Based on the extraction and identification of fossil pollen grains, we were able to reconstruct at least part of the garden's flora, which, we argue, could only have grown within the confines of a garden of this splendid seaside palace which was protected architecturally from salty sea spray. The palynological spectrum included, among other taxa, high percentages of Cupressaceae pollen (cypress) as well as pollen of the non-local tree Corylus sp. (hazelnut), which was most probably introduced as an ornamental from the northeast Mediterranean or from Italy. These trees appear to have been accompanied by other ornamental plants (e.g. Salvia and various Rosaceae plants). The choice of flora to be planted in the garden is consistent with our knowledge of prestige Roman gardens dated to Herod's time. This exceptional and magnificent palace, with its luxurious architectural features and its impressive, well-maintained garden, symbolized the power and the abilities of King Herod, the greatest builder in ancient Jewish history.
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Tumen, Ibrahim, F. Sezer Senol, and Ilkay Erdogan Orhan. "Evaluation of possible in vitro neurobiological effects of two varieties of Cupressus sempervirens (Mediterranean cypress) through their antioxidant and enzyme inhibition actions." Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 37, no. 1 (2012): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/tjb.2012.92400.
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Ortalli, Margherita, Daniele Lorrai, Paolo Gaibani, et al. "Serodiagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Northeastern Italy: Evaluation of Seven Serological Tests." Microorganisms 8, no. 12 (2020): 1847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8121847.
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This study compares the performance of seven assays, including two ELISA (Leishmania ELISA IgG + IgM, Vircell Microbiologists; Leishmania infantum IgG ELISA, NovaTec), three rK39-based immunochromatographic tests (rK39-ICTs) (Leishmania Dipstick Rapydtest, Apacor; On Site Leishmania IgG/IgM Combo Rapid Test, CTK Biotech; LEISHMANIA Strip quick Test, Cypress Diagnostic), one indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) (Leishmania-Spot IF, BioMérieux), and one western blot (WB) (Leishmania WESTERN BLOT IgG, LDBio Diagnostics) for serodiagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Serum samples from 27 VL patients living in northeastern Italy were analyzed, as well as the serum samples from 50 individuals in whom VL diagnosis was excluded. The WB and the IFAT had 96% sensitivity, followed by the ELISA (63% and 74%, respectively). The rK39-ICT exhibited the worst performance among the serological tests, with sensitivities ranging from 52% to 70%. By combining selected ELISA/ICT, the sensitivity of VL detection reached 89%. IFAT and WB outperformed ELISA and rK39-ICT by possessing optimal sensitivity, but their high cost and complexity of execution would not allow their employment as screening tests. In conclusion, the combination of easy-to-perform tests, such as ICT and ELISA, could improve sensitivity in the serodiagnosis of Mediterranean VL.
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Fikry, Eman, Raha Orfali, Nora Tawfeek, et al. "Unveiling the Bioactive Efficacy of Cupressus sempervirens ‘Stricta’ Essential Oil: Composition, In Vitro Activities, and In Silico Analyses." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 8 (2024): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17081019.
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Prior studies have extensively investigated the essential oil derived from the Mediterranean cypress, Cupressus sempervirens. However, the ‘Stricta’ variety, known for its ornamental value, has received less attention in terms of its oil composition and potential health benefits. The objective of this research was to comprehensively analyze the chemical components and medicinal properties of the essential oil extracted from C. sempervirens ‘Stricta’ (CSSLEO) grown in Egypt. Utilizing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), the investigation identified 22 compounds within CSSLEO, with α-pinene and δ-3-carene being predominant, accounting for 96.01% of the oil. In vitro assays evaluated CSSLEO’s cytotoxic effects on cancer cell lines, revealing notable anticancer potential. Additionally, the oil displayed antidiabetic properties by impeding crucial enzymes involved in glucose metabolism. Complementary in silico network pharmacology and molecular docking studies provided insights into the possible interactions between CSSLEO’s key compounds and essential proteins and pathways in cancer treatment. The results underscored CSSLEO’s intricate composition and its promising applications in cancer prevention and diabetes management. The conclusions drawn from this research underscore the need for further investigation to validate CSSLEO’s clinical effectiveness and to gain a deeper understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms, with a view to harnessing its potential in oncology and endocrinology.
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Esmail, Tara, Hardy Shekhany, Faraidun Faraj, and Shaheen Mustafa. "Food Preference of Termite (Microcerotermes diversus Silv.) for Forest Trees in Erbil Governorate." Tikrit Journal for Agricultural Sciences 19, no. 3 (2023): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjas.19.3.10.
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The current study investigated the sensitivity of different wood species to the termite, Microcerotermes diversus, in two different locations. The results showed that both softwood and hardwood of White Willow, Salix alba; Melia, Melia azedarach; pine, Pinus brutia and Mediterranean Cypress, Cupressus sempervirens are highly susceptible to the termite invasion under physically infection conditions in Sami Abdulrahman Park, Erbil city, Iraq. Moreover, the sensitivity of the species to the termite invasion was significantly different under natural infection in Grdarasha after 22 weeks from early April to the end of September 2017. In addition, the White Willow (Salix alba) species showed more sensitivity to the termite infection in comparison with others species, where the mean of wood green weight, wood dry weight (before infection), wood dry weight (after infection) and specific gravity loss during the period of experiment of the White Willow were 2.2609g, 2.1584g, 1.5983g and 0.5139 respectively. Furthermore, Cupressus sempervirens was more resistant in comparison with other wood species to the termite in both locations where green weight of wood 3.010g and Dry weight of wood (after infection) 2.287g, Dry weight of wood (befor infection) 2.877g and Specific gravity 0.685. Generally, this study revealed that there is no definite association between both physical properties and moisture content of softwoods and hardwoods with termite preference.
 
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Giuseppe, Cristiano, Vuksani Gjoke, Kurti Haki, and De Lucia Barbara. "Intergeneric Grafting of Ornamental Incense Cedar: First Results." International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research 8, no. 1 (2022): 62–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5921784.
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<strong>Abstract—</strong> Horticultural grafting is important in propagating conifers, mainly because many species are hard to root, especially when using cuttings from mature trees. Incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florins) was recently introduced in Albania as an ornamental tree in public and private urban green spaces and is now much in demand. Intergeneric grafts are rarely used in conifers, and there is little information regarding incense cedar grafting onto rootstocks from different genera. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of intergeneric grafting on the quality of ornamental incense cedar, which is little known in Albania. Scions were prepared by taking 8-10 cm apical shoot from young C. decurrens ‘Aureovariegata’ plants. Rootstocks were prepared from one-year-old Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) seedlings. First results show that the height of grafted plants tended to increase slowly from 30 to 90 days after grafting (DAG), with a minimum increase of 4,9 %; this is because the plant grafted takes several days to join scion and rootstock. The Relative Growth Rate (RGR) of the scion was generally higher than that of the rootstock, which even showed negative values 60 DAG; this trend grew after 90 DAG. At the end of our experimental work, we obtained 410 plants, representing an 82% graft success rate available for planting in different Albanian soils.
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Augul, R. S., H. H. Al-Saffar, and I. J. Abed. "Evaluation the Effect of some Plant Extracts in Controlling the Oriental Hornet vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771 Near the Apiaries." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1213, no. 1 (2023): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1213/1/012016.
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Abstract A significant amount of apiaries is destroyed in most areas of Iraq by attacking of the hornet Vespa orientalis Linnaeus, 1771, as well as the deterioration of European honey bees’ Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 productivity recently because the environmental changes and pollutions; this effect was evident in the economy and plant production, because the bees as the most popular species of pollinator of crops globally. There is no effective and environmentally safe method yet; Therefore, this study suggested to use essential oils of Mediterranean cypress Cupressus sempervirens L., 1753 (Pinales: Cupressaceae), and testing as a repellant substance. In the current investigations, we used three concentrations: 25000, 50000 and 100000 ppm to test efficacy the essential oil as a repellant with cow spleen as attractive bait for this wasp, in addition to, the extract was tested it within the apiary beehives to prevent wasps attacking and catching the worker bees. The result showed that the concentrations of 50000 and 100000 ppm were high repellant material, without finding any significant difference in statistical analysis; although it’s found between these concentrations and other treatments including the control. Therefore, we recommend using the concentration 50000 ppm in the apiaries to give it amazing results and a clear repellant of wasps, as they avoid getting close to the beehives openings at a distance of 45 cm. In addition, this essential oil did not effect on the activity of bees during the field observations.
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КАРПУН, Н. Н., Е. И. ШОШИНА, А. А. ПЛОТНИКОВ та С. Г. ШЕВЕЛЕВ. "ТРОФИЧЕСКИЕ СВЯЗИ ИНВАЗИОННЫХ ВРЕДИТЕЛЕЙ НА БАЗЕ КОЛЛЕКЦИИ ДЕНДРОПАРКА "ЮЖНЫЕ КУЛЬТУРЫ"". Сибирский лесной журнал, № 5 (31 жовтня 2023): 60–67. https://doi.org/10.15372/sjfs20230508.
Full textAbstract:
В последние два десятилетия на Черноморском побережье России появилось более 50 инвазионных видов вредителей. Изучение трофических связей новых для региона насекомых имеет большое значение для понимания закономерностей инвазионного процесса. В этом вопросе важную роль играют дендрологические коллекции парков и ботанических садов. Уточнение трофических связей инвазионных вредителей - кипарисовой радужной златки ( Lamprodila festiva (Linnaeus, 1767) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)) и белой цикадки ( Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) (Homoptera: Flatidae)) - в декоративных насаждениях парков позволяет определить их роль в усыхании древесных растений. Исследования проводились в 2020-2021 гг. на территории дендрологического парка «Южные культуры» (Россия, федеральная территория «Сириус»), ботаническая коллекция которого представлена 665 видами, разновидностями и садовыми формами. Для кипарисовой радужной златки в декоративных насаждениях дендропарка выявлены 13 таксонов кормовых растений, относящихся к семейству Cupressaceae, из которых Cupressus lusitanica и Juniperus squamata в качестве кормовой породы отмечены впервые в ее природном и инвазионном ареалах. Только Cupressus sempervirens var. pyramidalis и Juniperus communis происходят из региона естественного распространения фитофага - Средиземноморья и Северной Африки (15.4 % от общего числа видов). По нашим наблюдениям, кипарисовая радужная златка приводит к усыханию кормовых растений в течение 1-7 лет. Для белой цикадки выявлены 25 таксонов кормовых растений, среди которых североамериканское происхождение (как и M. pruinosa) имеют только 4 вида - Torreya californica, Magnolia grandiflora, Catalpa bignonioidesи Celastrus scandens(16 % от общего числа видов). Одиннадцать видов растений, относящиеся к родам Torreya, Magnolia, Eurya, Euonymus, Cotoneaster, Citharexylum, Ilex, Schinus, Pterocarya, Sorbus, Celastrus и семействам Taxaceae, Magnoliaceae, Pentaphylacaceae, Celastraceae, Rosaceae, Verbenaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Anacardiaceae, Juglandaceae, являются новыми для белой цикадки на Черноморском побережье России. Белая цикадка не оказывает существенного влияния на состояние выявленных кормовых растений в дендропарке, но снижает их декоративность. More than 50 invasive insect species have appeared on the Black Sea coast of Russia in the last two decades. The study of trophic interactions of alien insects is of great importance for understanding the invasive processes. Dendrological collections of parks and botanical gardens play an important role in this case. The purpose of this study was to clarify the trophic associations of invasive pest species - the cypress jewel beetle Lamprodila festiva (Linnaeus, 1767) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and the frosted moth-bug Metcalfa pruinosa (Say, 1830) (Homoptera: Flatidae) in ornamental plantations of the dendrological park “Yuzhnye Kultury” and to determine their role in the drying out of woody plants. The studies were carried out in 2020-2021 on the territory of the mentioned above dendrological park (Russia, the federal territory of Sirius). The botanical collection of this park is represented by 665 species, varieties and garden forms. For the cypress jewel beetle Lamprodila festiva 13 taxa (species, varieties and garden forms) from Cupressaceae were identified as host plants, of which Cupressus lusitanica and Juniperus squamata were noted as novel hosts. Only Cupressus sempervirens var. pyramidalis and Juniperus communis originate from the pest’s primary range, - the Mediterranean region and North Africa (15.4 % of all plant species examined). Cypress jewel beetle commonly kills its hosts within 1-7 years. Metcalfa pruinosa was detected on 25 species of woody plants, of which only 4 species have North American origin (as well as M. pruinosa ): Torreya californica , Magnolia grandiflora , Catalpa bignonioides and Celastrus scandens (16 % of the all plant species examined). Eleven plant species from the genera Torreya, Magnolia, Eurya, Euonymus, Cotoneaster, Citharexylum, Ilex, Schinus, Pterocarya, Sorbus, Celastrus and families Taxaceae, Magnoliaceae, Pentaphylacaceae, Celastraceae, Rosaceae, Verbenaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Anacardiaceae, Juglandaceae turned to be the novel hosts of the insect on the Black Sea coast of Russia. The frosted moth-bug does not notably affect its host plants, but reduces their decorative effect.
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Ghazal, Ibtissam, and Awes Shaheen. "Study of Some Species of the Genus Gymnosporangium and its Host Plant Families in Al-Kadmous Region, Syria." Arab Journal for Plant Protection 40, no. 4 (2022): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.22268/ajpp-40.4.286292.
Full textAbstract:
Ghazal, I. and A. Shaheen. 2022. Study of Some Species of the Genus Gymnosporangium and its Host Plant Families in Al-Kadmous Region, Syria. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(4): 286-292. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.4.286292 This study was carried out to identify some rust fungi species of the genus Gymnosporangium and to determine their hosts in the Mediterranean mountain region of Al-Kadmous, Tartous Governorate, Syria, during the period 2017-2020. The identified species were described morphologically, and stages of their lifecycle was detected on each host plant and their occurrence (%) on mutual hosts was assessed. The monitoring of various tree species, which belong to the family Rosaceae (subfamily: Pomoideae) in addition to all species of cypress (Cupressaceae), has shown mainly the existence of four species belonging to Gymnosporangium: G. sabinae (Dicks.) Winter, G. gracile Pat., G. confusum Plowr. and G. clavariiforme (Wulfen) DC. The pycnia and the aecia stages were recorded on all cultivated pear trees (Pyrus sp.), and the wild pear or Syrian pear (Pyrus syriaca). The second species was found on the wild hawthorn (Crataegus azarolus and Crataegus monogyna) and quince (Cydonia sp.). As for the rest of the species, they were found only on wild hawthorn. In addition, the telial stage (Telia) of the four species was found on the primary or winter host juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus). Finally, it was noticed that the distribution of this genus depended entirely on the existence of the Juniper shrubs nearby the Pomoideae species. Keywords: Rust fungi, Gymnosporangium, Host Plant, Pomoideae, Juniper, Al- Kadmous Region, Syria.