Journal articles: 'Mega-sports event'

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Kovpak, Volodymyr. "INFLUENCE OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES AS MEGA-EVENT ON URBANIZATION PROCESSES IN THE CITY AND THE REGION." Urban development and spatial planning, no. 77 (May 24, 2021): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2076-815x.2021.77.241-252.

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In recent decades, the Olympic Games have become one of the most important mega-events in the world. The large number of cities applying for the Olympics and the increase in mega-event budgets indicate that the leadership of cities and regions perceive the possibility of holding the Olympics as a tool to improve economic and social aspects in cities by accumulating investment. Since its inception, the Olympic Games have closely influenced urbanization processes in host societies. From the second half of the 20th century, a significant evolution can be observed via increasing the scale of the mega-event: from the Olympic mono-stadium to the Olympic quarter, urban and regional planning. Thus, the Olympics began to provide investment not only in sports infrastructure but also in becoming an element of urban and regional renewal and development, introducing changes in transport infrastructure, housing, parks, streets, public space. From the point of view of urban and regional planning, the holding of such a mega-event as the Olympics is considered within the concept of the Olympic heritage; namely, researchers study the material impact of mega-events. The tangible Olympic legacy is divided into sports and non-sports. The sports heritage of mega-events includes sports facilities, as well as training facilities. The non-sporting heritage of the mega-event includes the Olympic Villages (after the mega-event, the Olympic Village usually becomes the city's housing stock), the media center (which has the potential to become a shopping, entertainment, exhibition, or multicenter), renewed transport infrastructure and public and park spaces, urban environment. Especially for cities hosting a mega-event, the benefits of hosting the Olympics can be vast and varied. In the post-Fordism world, cities began to consider the possibility of holding the Olympics as a tool for the revival of the city. Such applications can be called "regeneration games". The Olympic Games can be part of a strategic plan to renovate the city, significantly change the urban environment, improve transport infrastructure, and affect the quality of life in the city. However, the mega-event can have a negative impact on the city, forming an overuse of funds or the implementation of unnecessary infrastructure of the city, which declines after the Olympics.

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Macrae, Eilidh H. R. "Delivering Sports Participation Legacies at the Grassroots Level: The Voluntary Sports Clubs of Glasgow 2014." Journal of Sport Management 31, no. 1 (January 2017): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2016-0089.

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Voluntary sports clubs (VSCs) provide the primary opportunities for organized community sport in the UK and thus hold the responsibility for delivering on mega-event sports participation legacies. This study presents findings from open-ended questionnaires and interviews conducted in two phases (Phase 1—Spring, 2013; Phase 2—Summer, 2015) with representatives from a sample (n = 39) of VSCs to understand their ability to deliver on the participation legacy goals of London 2012 and the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow. Thematic analysis of the data outlined three themes where support for VSCs should be placed when planning future mega-events: building VSC capacity, retaining members in the long-term, and promoting general visibility of the VSC throughout the event. Bid teams who hope to use mega-events as catalysts for sports participation increases should direct funding and guidance toward VSCs to ensure they have the tools, knowledge, and capacity to deliver on national sports participation ambitions.

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황용필. "A Framework for Sports Diplomacy after Sports Mega Event of Grand Slam." Korean Journal of Sport Science 23, no. 4 (December 2012): 959–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24985/kjss.2012.23.4.959.

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문상일. "Suggestions to Maximize Post-Utilization of Sports Stadiums after Mega-Sports Event." Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law 17, no. 4 (November 2014): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.19051/kasel.2014.17.4.11.

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Atkinson, Michael, and Kevin Young. "Shadowed by the corpse of war: Sport spectacles and the spirit of terrorism." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 47, no. 3 (January 17, 2012): 286–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690211433452.

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Since the early 2000s, there has been a groundswell of research on terrorism and sports mega-events, including investigations into the impact of ‘9/11’ on fear and risk management strategies at high profile sports events. In this article, we re-examine the case of the Salt Lake City Winter Games of 2002 around Baudrillard’s (1995) concept of the ‘non-event’. We compare the (largely British and North American) mass mediation and discursive framing of terrorism at the 2002 Games with subsequent discourses interwoven into accounts of terrorism, fear and security at the 2004 Summer Olympic Games in Athens and the 2006 Winter Olympic Games in Turin. Of principal interest is the global framing of sports mega-events as targets of terrorism and the ways in which such events become fabricated zones of risk. To understand why there is a lingering media construction of the sports mega-event as an imagined target (and, in many ways, pre-constructed victim) of terrorism, we draw centrally on Baudrillard’s work (1995, 2001, 2002a, 2002b). Specifically, we employ Baudrillard’s concepts of the hyperreal and the non-event as a means of exploring terrorism’s relationship with sport, and the potential usage of such theoretical ideas in the sociology of sport and physical culture more broadly.

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Rojo-Labaien, Ekain. "The Baku 2015 European Games as a national milestone of post-Soviet Azerbaijan." Nationalities Papers 46, no. 6 (November 2018): 1101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2018.1488826.

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The Baku European Games, the first multi-sport mega-event held at a European level, was a major public relations undertaking by Azerbaijan. The games were framed by a trend involving large-scale sports events promoted by the Ilham Aliyev government, based on the profits of the second oil boom in the twenty-first century. The sports event served to internationally portray Azerbaijan as a rapidly developing country and in this way to increase national consciousness within the society, which was lacking a collective narrative in the post-Soviet era. Nonetheless, the downturn due to the fall of international oil prices negatively affected the impact of the sports mega-event. Moreover, the sports competition symbolized the government's commitment to impose reasons of state and nation-building over social needs and political freedoms in Azerbaijan. This article is based on empirical fieldwork carried out in Baku in the months following the multi-sports event.

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Kim, Changwook, and Kyriaki Kaplanidou. "The Effect of Sport Involvement on Support for Mega Sport Events: Why Does It Matter." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 15, 2019): 5687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205687.

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For residents of a city that hosts a mega sport event, sport involvement can be associated with their perceptions of the impacts and quality of life (QoL) gained from that event. The attributes of mega sport events, with multiple sports in one competition, are linked with the level of residents’ sport involvement, specifically their interest in and identification with sports, which can foster more positive perceptions and enhance the anticipated QoL from the games. Despite the importance of sport involvement on the support for a mega sport event, most studies have mainly focused on how perceptions of the impact from the event influence support based on social exchange theory (SET). Hence, this study examined how sport involvement affected the relationships among impact perceptions, QoL, and support for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the hypotheses in the proposed model, using a sample of 301 Korean residents. The results revealed that sport involvement had a positive effect on event impact perceptions and QoL, which, in turn, significantly influenced support for the Olympic Games in the pre-stage. The study suggests that sport involvement can leverage support for a mega sport event through the creation of positive perceptions of the impacts of the event.

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Rozhda, Yana, and Marina Sheresheva. "Impact of a sports mega-event on the perception of the image of a tourist destination." BRICS Journal of Economics 2, no. 2 (July 30, 2021): 53–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/2712-7508-2021-2-4.

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Given a changing global context, there is a need to understand if sports mega-events that are now often hosted by the BRICS countries can serve as a tool to improve their international perception as attractive tourist destinations. The study presented in the paper analyzes the perception of Russia and host cities of the 2018 FIFA World Cup by visiting fans. The problem was examined using the available secondary data, as well as empirical data obtained in the spring of 2021 by means of semi-structured interviews and survey methods. The study confirms that hosting of a sports mega-event affects the perception of the destination by its visitors. Organizing such an event encourages people to choose a location that has not been considered before and helps to dispel negative myths and stereotypes imposed by the media. The results also confirm that attending a sports mega-event may lead to an intention to revisit its venue. The results of the study are useful to an international audience, both academics and practitioners, including policy makers.

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Kim, Daehwan, Chanmin Park, Hany Kim, and Jeeyoon Kim. "Determinants and Outcomes of Volunteer Satisfaction in Mega Sports Events." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (March 28, 2019): 1859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071859.

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The role of volunteers is an important factor for the sustainability of mega sports events. Key issues in the literature on sports event volunteers are volunteer satisfaction and its determinants and outcomes. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of the fulfillment of volunteers’ psychological needs and Volunteer Management Practices (VMP) on overall volunteer satisfaction, and to test their conditional effects depending on volunteer involvement. Additionally, the present study aimed to examine the effects of volunteer satisfaction on future volunteer activity, word-of-mouth, and host city visitation. For these purposes, a survey was conducted with 2442 volunteers in the context of the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics in South Korea. The results of a Latent Moderated Structural Equation (LMS) revealed that the fulfillment of volunteers’ general needs and volunteer satisfaction with the VMP have positive effects on overall volunteer satisfaction. Interestingly, these effects were differently moderated by the level of volunteer involvement. Overall volunteer satisfaction was found to positively affect future volunteering intention, spreading positive words regarding sports event volunteering, and intention to visit the host city as tourists. In conclusion, sports event managers need to design an optimal work environment that can fulfill volunteers’ psychological needs and improve VMP to enhance the sustainability of mega sports events.

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Weimar, Daniel, and Claudio M. Rocha. "Does Distance Matter? Geographical Distance and Domestic Support for Mega Sports Events." Journal of Sports Economics 20, no. 2 (August 14, 2017): 286–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002517724505.

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Residential support is one key factor that increases the probability of a positive outcome of mega events. Especially, pre-event support seems important, since hosting the event often requires public consensus. Within the discussion of determinants of pre-event support, the distance between a resident’s home (district) and the event area has been neglected so far. To explore the spatial nature of event support, representative survey data ( n = 900) from the 2016 Olympic Games is analyzed using ordered probit and spatial regression models. Estimates reveal a lower probability of high support for residents living close to the main event area. Moreover, the rate of marginal changes in the probability of support decreases with decreasing distance to other areas.

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Azzali, Simona. "Challenges and key factors in planning legacies of mega sporting events." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 14, no. 2 (September 20, 2019): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-04-2019-0093.

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Purpose Since the 1960s, the impact of mega sporting events on the built environment has become increasingly important, and the relationship between hosting cities and events increasingly complex and controversial. The outcomes of these mega-events, however, are very discouraging, especially in terms of the state of sports venues and event sites. In many cases, Olympic parks and event sites stand abandoned once the event is over, and sports facilities are often either closed or underutilized. The purpose of this paper is to identify replicable best practices and successful examples used in mega-events to transform events sites and venues into livable public open spaces (POS), enjoyed by the local communities. Design/methodology/approach Three cities were selected for this investigation: London, Sochi and Rio de Janeiro. London hosted the 2012 Summer Olympics, and this study focused particularly on its Olympic park, Queen Elizabeth Park. Sochi hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics but also some of the matches of the 2018 FIFA World Cup. Rio de Janeiro hosted the 2016 Summer Olympics and also a part of the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Each case was investigated according to a methodology composed of interviews with experts, site visits, and analysis of the bidding book and post-event reports to check the consistency between promises and legacies. Findings The research identified a framework of six major elements that determine, or contrast, the long-term use of events sites and sport facilities, and highlighted some main attributes to consider in order to transform sporting event sites into livable and enjoyable open spaces. It is expected that this framework can be used as a guidance to deliver sustainable events and long-term legacies and to define a strategy for optimization of planning mega sport events. Practical implications Mega events provide near-unique, fast track opportunities for urban transformation. This research can be used as guidance for the overall mega sporting events stakeholders, such as the IOC, FIFA, and local organizing committees, to identify replicable best practices and successful examples in the leverage of mega events to transform events sites and venues into livable POS. Originality/value Why is it so difficult to transform event sites and sport venues into livable areas of cities? What are the recurrent mistakes, issues, and challenges that hosting cities have to face? This research is unique as it aims at answering these questions by defining a framework of relevant factors for hosting cities to help them in the planning of mega sporting events. The research also highlighted some recurrent mistakes, such as the exorbitant costs of a mega event, the inability to keep the initial budget unchanged and the difficulty to adjust plans to local needs.

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Shen, Ling, Jian Lu, Ling Deng, and Manman Li. "Emergency Resource Location and Allocation in Traffic Contingency Plan for Sports Mega-Event." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 23, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6614338.

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In view of the transactional and textual features on issue handling in mega-event traffic contingency plan, this paper gives a quantitative method for emergency resources location and allocation. Given that the requirement on safeguards in the sports mega-events is temporary and stringent, we first divide the facilities into temporary emergency facilities and fixed emergency facilities and the resources into material resources and human resources. Considering the uncertainty of emergency incidents, we then construct a mixed integer linear programming model. To solve this model, the bisection method is used to import the material quantity placed in each emergency facility, and the shortest path algorithm is used to import the rescue time matrix. Considering the slowness of convergence rate when the road network is large, a modified matrix real-coded genetic algorithm is designed with the crossover operator based on a greedy algorithm. The application of the model and algorithms is validated by the case based on 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. Sensitivity analysis of some important parameters is also conducted to provide insights for traffic emergency resources management in sports mega-event.

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Sorrentino, Annarita, Xiaoxiao Fu, Rosaria Romano, Michele Quintano, and Marcello Risitano. "Measuring event experience and its behavioral consequences in the context of a sports mega-event." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 3, no. 5 (August 17, 2020): 589–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-03-2020-0026.

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PurposeThis study aims to analyze the impact of event experience on event satisfaction and intentions to return and recommend the destination.Design/methodology/approachRelationships among constructs were tested on data gathered from 542 tourists during the America's Cup World Series held in South Italy in April 2013 by using a structural equation modeling approach. Moreover, a multigroup analysis was developed to test the possible moderator factors.FindingsThe results revealed that event experience and event satisfaction had positive impacts on the intentions to recommend and return to the host destination. Moreover, nationality, gender and trip motivation emerged as important moderating factors in the relationships among the latent constructs.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this paper enrich the existing literature and help tourism destination marketers and managers consider the triggering factors of a satisfying mega-sports event for the host destination and the marketing power of the on-site experience.Practical implicationsPractitioners should draw on the insights provided by this study to design destination strategies, particularly by paying attention to how an event experience causes an attendee to return to and recommend the host destination.Originality/valueThis study enriches the existing event literature in several ways. First, it emphasizes the importance of the event experience to the satisfaction level and willingness to return and recommend the host destination for a vacation, supporting the link between an event and its destination. Second, it provides a moderating analysis that offers new insights for marketing the event experience. It offers a multilevel model of mega-event tourism legacy, which opens up new avenues of research. Third, complementing the consumer-based analysis, this research includes the trend of visits (after 2013 to the present) to examine how a mega-sport event has brought about more postevent visits.

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Kolamo, Sami, and Jani Vuolteenaho. "The interplay of mediascapes and cityscapes in a sports mega-event." International Communication Gazette 75, no. 5-6 (July 15, 2013): 502–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748048513491908.

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McKelvey, Steve, and Neil Longley. "Event-specific ambush marketing legislation for mega-sporting events: an economics perspective." International Journal of Sports Marketing and Sponsorship 16, no. 5 (October 1, 2015): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsms-16-05-2015-b003.

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The bid process for hosting mega global sporting events mandates the enactment of event-specific ambush marketing legislation that provides extraordinary trademark law protections for private sports organisations and their official sponsors. Such event-specific ambush marketing legislation, or ESAML, has come under increasing scrutiny by academics and practitioners who question, among other things, the need for such legislation. One of the major areas of concern has become the potential social cost of such legislation that includes restrictions on free speech and curbs on marketplace competition. We apply economic theory as a means to explain why governments have been so willing to enact such legislation.

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Sen, Subhasis, and K. Rajagopal. "Trends in sports analytics for event management: A content analysis." Marketing Review 20, no. 1 (August 31, 2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1362/146934720x15929907504058.

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This is a conceptual paper which explores recent trends in sports analytics for event management and the influence thereof on viewership, sponsorship and athletic performance. The content analysis here entails multiple case studies on sporting events; recommended practices for organising sporting events are highlighted using a site-ordered effects matrix. Analysis yields unprecedented outcomes related to sporting event ticket prices (relevant especially to fans and organisers), willingness of athletes to participate in mega events, technologies to be used to effectively reach out to passionate fans, and innovative practices to build a sound infrastructure involving sponsors, athletes and authorities.

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Suying, Suying, and Woo-Sung Kim. "The Relationships among The Mega Sports Event Legacy, Citizens’s Consciousness and Sports Culture in China." Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 65 (August 31, 2016): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2016.08.65.229.

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López, Bernat, and Helle Kettner-Høeberg. "From Macro to Mega." Communication & Sport 5, no. 1 (July 24, 2016): 69–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479515598956.

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The Vuelta a España is one of the three cycling Grand Tours, a long-established (first staged in 1935) and global sports mega event. Nonetheless, in the mid-noughties, it went through a financial and identity crisis, which culminated with the French company, Amaury Sport Organisation (ASO), the organizer of the Tour de France, taking over the Spanish race in 2008. This research, an in-depth case study based on semistructured interviews and analysis of all the relevant corporate documentation and online activity, aims at shedding light on how the new ASO management has refloated the race through a reinforcement of its globalization and mediatization, on the lines of the managerial policies already in place for the Tour de France since the early 80s. This article also proposes a small theoretical refinement of the “mega sporting event” concept, moving from a binary, yes–not typology, to a four-level scale including micro (local), meso (provincial/subnational), macro (national or regional), and mega (global) sporting events. In this sense, this article concludes that the communication strategies set up by the new ASO management have pushed the Vuelta beyond the macro and towards the mega level.

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Chamberlain, David Andrew, David Edwards, Joseph Lai, and Wellington Didibhuku Thwala. "Mega event management of formula one grand prix: an analysis of literature." Facilities 37, no. 13/14 (October 7, 2019): 1166–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-07-2018-0085.

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Purpose A comprehensive literature review of mega event management of dynamic sporting events is presented. The purpose of this paper is to learn from these mega events to prescribe mitigation strategies for improving cost performance while simultaneously minimising public disruption on formula one grand prix events. Knowledge accrued of challenges posed is theoretically applied to circuit construction and reestablishment processes involved in orchestrating a “street circuit” grand prix event. Design/methodology/approach An inductive research methodological approach was adopted using an interpretivist epistemological design. A mixed methods analysis of pertinent extant literature of mega events afforded greater synthesis of the research problem domain and generated more valid and reliable findings. The software VOSviewer was used to conduct a qualitative bibliographic analysis of pertinent extant literature. Findings Three thematic groups of past research endeavour emerged from the analysis and were assigned appropriate nomenclature, namely: customer experience; geographical location; and research methods and approaches adopted. Analysis of these clusters revealed common factors that impact upon construction works during mega sporting events including: inclement weather conditions; miscommunication between project stakeholders; and economic impact upon the local community. Factors for mitigating these risks were also proposed, namely: traffic management plans; shift working; and wider public consultation. Originality/value This unique study provides invaluable insight into construction works commissioned and implemented at a mega “motor sports” public event. Although the research context was narrowly defined, findings presented are equally applicable to contractors, organisers and public authorities orchestrating other types of public event. The research concludes with direction for future work that seeks to apply the lessons learnt and measure the impact of findings presented herein.

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Gillooly, Leah, Philip Crowther, and Dominic Medway. "Experiential sponsorship activation at a sports mega-event: the case of Cisco at London 2012." Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal 7, no. 4 (September 11, 2017): 404–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-04-2016-0015.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of event design principles in the creation and execution of effective experiential sponsorship activations (ESAs) by B2B brands and examine the challenges posed by the sponsorship context to sponsors seeking to create ESAs, with proposed potential solutions. Design/methodology/approach A case study of Cisco’s ESA activities as part of its London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games sponsorship activation is developed, drawing on interviews with key Cisco employees and secondary sources of data, both internal and external to Cisco. Findings Blending the event design principles typically associated with B2B events with those more commonly found in corporate hospitality or B2C events enables sponsors to address the cognitive needs of attendees as business representatives, while also satisfying their needs as individuals seeking more sensorial experiences. Effective use of event design principles, creative marketing and promotion, and collaboration with other sponsors allow brands to overcome constraints placed on them by the unpredictable nature of sponsorship, sponsorship rights agreements and the increased clutter in the sponsorship environment. Research limitations/implications Existing knowledge on sponsorship activation is extended, drawing on principles of event design to offer a sponsor-focused perspective on the creation and execution of effective ESAs for B2B brands. Existing thinking around B2B event design is challenged and augmented when considering its application to ESA design. Practical implications Inter-sponsor collaboration and the blending of cognitive and sensorial elements of event design are important for sponsors seeking to create and deliver effective ESAs. Originality/value The paper draws on the event design literature to appraise the execution of ESA by B2B brands within the context of event sponsorship.

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Liang, Limin. "Television, technology and creativity in the production of a sports mega event." Media, Culture & Society 35, no. 4 (May 2013): 472–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163443713483795.

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Lyu, Seong Ok, and Ju Hyoung Han. "Assessing preferences for mega sports event travel products: a choice experimental approach." Current Issues in Tourism 20, no. 7 (July 27, 2016): 740–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2016.1214110.

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Vargáné Csobán, Katalin, and György Serra. "The role of small-scale sports events in developing sustainable sport tourism – a case study of fencing." Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce 8, no. 4 (December 29, 2014): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19041/apstract/2014/4/3.

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Promoting sports and sport tourism is considered as a strategic development objective at the local, regional and national levels in Hungary. However, sport tourism is present in many different forms, depending on the type of sport activity, the related sport events and its participants, therefore it is challenging to decide on the type of sports and sports events that should be supported to ensure long-term social and economic benefits for a local community. The scale of sports events ranges from the small, local competitions to the international mega sports events. Although the economic benefits of mega sports events are generally appreciated, there has been growing critique about their negative social and environmental impacts. Smallscale sports events also have important potential for tourism, and they may have more advantages for the local community than the mega events by providing additional incomes, using the already existing infrastructure, raising local pride and community spirit. Sport tourism related to small-scale events is generally considered to be a more sustainable form of tourism. The purpose of this paper is to examine the tourism development potential of small-scale sports events, particularly focusing on fencing competitions. It highlights the demand side of the sport tourism market, investigating the behavioral profile of the participants of an international fencing tournament. A questionnaire survey was conducted at the Budapest WestEnd Women's Epee Grand Prix 2014. The data revealed that participants of the sporting event spend only a short period of time at the destination, and shopping and eating out are the most preferred free time activities. The paper identifies and discusses issues regarding the role of sports organizations and tourism agencies in cities hosting such events to increase the tourism potential of small-scale sports events in the future.

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Meza Talavera, Abel, Sami Al-Ghamdi, and Muammer Koç. "Sustainability in Mega-Events: Beyond Qatar 2022." Sustainability 11, no. 22 (November 14, 2019): 6407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11226407.

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Hosting a mega-event such as the 2022 FIFA Men’s World Cup is a defining moment for Qatar, a country that is in transition, small in size and population, and rich in natural gas reserves. It is a unique opportunity to host a universal event and leave a sustainable positive legacy for the country. However, the preparation, execution, and after-effects of such events are challenging initiatives with significant long-term impacts on the economy, society, and environment in the hosting country and nearby region. This study addresses the intersection between mega sports events and sustainability, to systematically compare and learn from past mega-events and apply that to the case of the Qatar 2022 World Cup. The Qatari bid proposed a new FIFA Men’s World Cup (WC) spatial compact model around just one city area and the goal of achieving the first carbon-neutral WC. Herein, the challenges, opportunities, and progress in this scenario are evaluated accordingly, showing that local organizers are applying green technologies, urban development concepts, and strongly upholding the idea of legacies based on the Qatar National Vision 2030, which envisions sustainable development of the country. However, additional work is still needed to reduce environmental impacts and on several reported social issues.

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Yang, Kwang-Ho, Chil-Hwan Jeon, and In-Ho Ra. "A Design of ICT Experience Framework for Mega Sports Event and its Application." Journal of Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems 28, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5391/jkiis.2018.28.3.287.

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Kwak, Young-Man, and Dong-Soo Ryu. "Mega sports event and cultural identity: Focusing on 2011 Daegu World Ahthletic Championships." Korean Society For The Study Of Physical Education 24, no. 1 (May 31, 2019): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15831/jksspe.2019.24.1.101.

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Yoo, Jae Soo, Gye Hee Lee, and Deuk-Hee Park. "Development of key management indicators for mega sports event facilities using AHP method." International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research 31, no. 6 (June 30, 2017): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21298/ijthr.2017.06.31.6.67.

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Ma, Shang-Chun, David Egan, Ian Rotherham, and Shang-Min Ma. "A framework for monitoring during the planning stage for a sports mega-event." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 19, no. 1 (January 2011): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2010.502576.

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Müller, Martin, and Christopher Gaffney. "Comparing the Urban Impacts of the FIFA World Cup and Olympic Games From 2010 to 2016." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 42, no. 4 (May 11, 2018): 247–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723518771830.

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At a cost of often more than US$10 billion, mega-events such as the Olympic Games and the FIFA Men’s World Cup are the single most transformative urban project in many host cities for decades. This article develops an analytical matrix for comparing the impacts of these events on cities and proposes a case survey method to apply this matrix to six recent sports mega-events: the Olympic Games in Vancouver, London, Sochi, and Rio de Janeiro and the FIFA Men’s World Cups in South Africa and Brazil. We find that for the events in our sample, it is not so much the event itself, but the political and economic contexts that most influence impacts. Cities in democracies with more market-led economies experienced fewer adverse impacts and were better able to use the event for urban development than those in less democratic countries with more state-led economies. None of the cities, however, was able to avoid negative impacts.

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Dickson, Tracey J., Simon Darcy, and Chelsey Walker. "A Case of Leveraging a Mega-Sport Event for a Sport Participation and Sport Tourism Legacy: A Prospective Longitudinal Case Study of Whistler Adaptive Sports." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010170.

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Sport participation legacies are often offered as reasons to host mega-sport events, yet there is little evidence to demonstrate the claim’s legitimacy, thus we examine “What did Whistler Sports do to leverage the Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games to facilitate a sport tourism legacy?”. Through a prospective longitudinal case study of WAS and application of the temporal extension of the socioecological framework, multiple data sources were analyzed from over a decade beginning before the event until 2019. The findings reveal the situated and embedded nature of mega-sport event legacies i.e., context. These depend upon a network of facilitators such as local, provincial, and federal policies; pre-event and post-event vision and strategies from local communities and sport organizations; the development of a pool of willing and flexible volunteers. Together these were strategically leveraged to overcome sport participation and sport tourism barriers for people with disabilities. The sport, tourism, and sport tourism experience reflected Whistler’s natural and infrastructure advantage and the needs and desires of locals and visitors with access needs that could not have occurred without the capital injection of the Vancouver 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Games. Leveraging the mega-sport event opportunities required leadership and a strategic vision for repositioning to a year-round program. This strategic change also opened new sport and sport tourism opportunities for current participants but importantly brought new participants and their friendship groups to Whistler over the post-event decade for year-round sustainable adaptive sport opportunities.

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Nylund, Mats. "Mega-Sporting Events and the Media in Attention Economies." Nordicom Review 30, no. 2 (November 1, 2009): 125–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nor-2017-0155.

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Abstract The present article examines the IAAF World Championships as a commercialized mega-sporting event and an expression of the contemporary experience industry. The focus of the empirical analysis is on the national and international press coverage of the World Championships in Helsinki, Finland, 2005. Eleven Finnish and six foreign newspapers were analysed. Finnish pre-Championship publicity saw the games mostly as a tool for achieving international media attention and economic profit. The coverage of the international press was strikingly similar. The newspapers focussed mainly on the sporting events and their perspective was strongly national – perfectly in line with traditional sports journalism. This finding challenges the belief expressed in Finnish newspapers and by proponents of the attention economy that mega-events are powerful tools for urban marketing.

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del Romero Renau, Luis, and Catherine Trudelle. "Mega Events and Urban Conflicts in Valencia, Spain: Contesting the New Urban Modernity." Urban Studies Research 2011 (July 14, 2011): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/587523.

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The local and regional administrations of Valencia, Spain, have been working to position the city, which is the country's third largest in terms of population, as an international destination for luxury tourism through sports mega-events. Valencia's new image as a “mega-events city” has been criticized by citizens and urban-based movements on social and environmental grounds, resulting in various urban conflicts. The aim of this paper is to examine the causes and dynamics of these conflicts in order to understand the discourse and rationales behind the criticism. This will also include an examination of the ways in which these conflicts were managed by the local administration, especially in the months leading up to and during the events, when the city was receiving worldwide media coverage. Researching local print media, we focused on urban conflicts that took place in Valencia between 1995 and 2010. We also looked at the performance of urban-based movements and the administration as conflicting actors. One of the main findings was the strong consensual authoritarianism manifested by the administration and mega-event organizers when making decisions and managing urban conflicts related to mega-events.

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VanSickle, Jennifer L., David A. Pierce, and Michael Diacin. "Volunteer motivations at the 2012 Super Bowl." International Journal of Event and Festival Management 6, no. 3 (October 19, 2015): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijefm-12-2014-0029.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine mega-event volunteers’ motivations and their impact on volunteer satisfaction. Additionally, this study investigated motivational differences between volunteers based upon four demographic variables: age, gender, educational level, and income. Design/methodology/approach – A modified version of the Volunteer Motivations Scale for International Sporting Events (Bang and Chelladurai, 2009) was administered to 8,000 Super Bowl volunteers via Survey Monkey with the permission of the Indiana Sports Corporation. In all, 24 percent (n=1,928) of the volunteers completed the survey. Exploratory factor analysis was used to reduce the survey questions into a smaller number factors. Multivariate analysis of variance was utilized to compare differences in the four demographic variables on the factors. Multiple regression was used to predict satisfaction on the basis of the four factors. Findings – Volunteers were motivated by four factors: Community Support, Love of Sports, Personal Growth, and Career Development. These four factors all significantly predicted satisfaction with the volunteer experience. The overall MANOVA was significant and revealed that ten of 16 group comparisons possessed significant differences. Females rated Community higher than males, while males rated Love of Sports higher than females. Older volunteers and those with higher household incomes were motivated more by Community Support, while younger volunteers and those with lower incomes were motivated by Career Development. Likewise, less educated volunteers placed a higher value on Career motivations than more educated volunteers who placed a high value on Personal Growth. Research limitations/implications – Dissatisfied volunteers may have chosen to not participate in the study. Follow-up interviews with dissatisfied volunteers might provide insight for event organizers that would shed light on factors that influence retention and recidivism. Practical implications – The findings of this study suggest that mega sport volunteer managers should recognize that motivational differences among volunteers do exist and utilize this information for creating recruitment materials targeted to specific groups. Then volunteers can be assigned to tasks that tap into their desire, thus enhancing potential volunteer satisfaction and their return as a volunteer at future events. Originality/value – This study was conducted in the context of America’s largest mega event in a city that hosted the event for the first time. In addition to collecting one of the largest number of responses for volunteers at mega-sporting events, the development of the Community Support factor was unique within the context of this study. The Community Support factor was rated as the most important by volunteers and tied to other questions such as wanting to help make the event a success, helping others, and creating a better society. This indicates that volunteers had pride in their community and wanted to help the event be successful by helping the city’s visitors.

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Tang, Tang, and Roger Cooper. "Predicting Changing Media Use Patterns via Mega Events: An Examination of Multi-Screen Viewing During the 2016 Rio Olympics." International Journal of Sport Communication 10, no. 4 (December 2017): 531–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2017-0091.

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Mega events, such as the Olympics, provide a unique context and valuable opportunity to study changing media use patterns in today’s convergent environment. This study examined how and why audiences watched the 2016 Rio Olympics across media, and found that while TV was still the dominant platform for mega-event viewing, audiences tended to seek alternative content and niche sports on computers, and primarily used mobile devices to get a second-screen experience during the Rio Games. In addition, findings suggest that multiscreen Olympics viewing was not exclusively determined by individual characteristics and psychological needs. Structures, media use routine, and social contexts played a big (though maybe less obvious) role in driving screen choice.

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Herold, David M., Tim Breitbarth, Nico Schulenkorf, and Sebastian Kummer. "Sport logistics research: reviewing and line marking of a new field." International Journal of Logistics Management 31, no. 2 (October 2, 2019): 357–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-02-2019-0066.

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Purpose Although logistics management is a crucial part of local and global sports events, there is no research-driven characterization of “sports logistics management”. The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize a framework that allows for a more structured recognition of logistics in sports, in general, and sport event management, in particular. In addition, we conduct a systematic literature review of sports logistics management and locate opportunities for future research both for sports management and logistics management scholars. Design/methodology/approach Guided by Durach et al.’s (2017) systematic literature review approach, we identify key attributes and characteristics of sports logistics management. These are based on studies featuring at least partial aspects of logistics management in sports and sport events, and that were published between 2000 and mid-2019. Findings The study reveals that sports logistics management – meaning logistics activities in sports and sport event management – is a heavily under-researched area that provides an abundance of scientific opportunities. Based on the three sport event types of local/regional sport events, major sport events and mega sport events, the authors propose four sports logistics management pillars that are central to the proposed Sport Logistics Framework: venue logistics management, sports equipment logistics management, athletes logistics management, and fan and spectators logistics management. Practical implications By providing a conceptual framework for sports logistics, the authors progress towards informing the sport sector on relevant strategic and operational levels of logistics management and set the stage for empirical studies that are likely to advance sport logistics planning and management. Originality/value This is the first study that builds on a systematic review of literature specifically focused on the logistics aspect in sports and sport event management. It provides a conceptual framework of sports logistics management and offers an agenda of future research opportunities.

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최혜선. "A Legal Study on the Mega Sports Event Broadcast Right in 'The Universal Right'." Journal of Sports and Entertainment Law 13, no. 4 (November 2010): 189–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.19051/kasel.2010.13.4.189.

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Ferreira, Luciana Brandão, and Janaina de Moura Engracia Giraldi. "Rio de Janeiro’s image as the 2016 Olympic Games host city: analysis of the main image formation factors." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights 3, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jhti-03-2019-0037.

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Purpose This paper aimed to verify the most important factors (cognitive and affective dimensions) perceived in Rio de Janeiro’s image as the host city of the 2016 Olympic Games and to identify the factors that predict better the overall city image and its affective image dimension in this particular context of a sports mega-event. Design/methodology/approach This paper employs exploratory factor analysis to define intervening factors in each dimension of Rio de Janeiro’s image. By parting from the initial diagnostic analysis, multiple regression analysis was applied to measure how the intervening factors predicted the overall image of the host city, as well as to whether its cognitive dimension was able to predict the affective dimension. Data collection was conducted by applying structured questionnaires with a sample of international respondents (n = 274). Findings Rio’s image as a sports mega-event host city presented two intervening factors for each dimension. For image composition, the most important cognitive factor diagnosed was “Services and Attractions.” For the affective dimension, the most important factor diagnosed was “Positive Feelings.” The investigation concluded that the cognitive dimension was capable of predicting the affective dimension, as “Positive Feelings” was the factor that better predicted Rio’s overall image as the host city of the 2016 Olympic Games, while the “Services and Attractions” factor was not significant in predicting the host city’s image. Research limitations/implications The main focus of the investigation was the host city’s international image as presented by primary sources. The sample for investigation was therefore composed exclusively of foreign students, nonresidents in Brazil, who did not participate in said events. Although this approach provides a partial diagnostic of the host cityvs image, for an overall and accurate image diagnostic it is also relevant to investigate the national residents’ point of view, which is beyond the scope of this investigation. Practical implications The findings suggest that destination marketers would obtain better results investing in the affective dimension, employing actions that stimulate positive feelings about the host city, especially when relating to sports mega-event. Investment in general infrastructure is also presented as a relevant factor. Social implications The host city’s image can guide policies to improve local capacity to attract investments and new events that contribute to change in urban areas, as well as to reinforce positive aspects of that image. Investment in general infrastructure, again, is presented as a crucial issue. Originality/value The value and originality of the presented investigation lie in a lack of specific studies on Rio’s image as a travel destination, despite its being the most important touristic city in Brazil and the host for the 2016 Olympic Games. A separate analysis of individual image dimensions and the examination of intervening cognitive factors in the affective dimension are also not common in a sports mega-event context.

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Azzali, Simona. "Spaces of Mega Sporting Events versus Public Spaces. Qatar 2022 World Cup and the City of Doha." Journal of Public Space, Vol. 4 n. 2 | 2019 | FULL ISSUE (September 30, 2019): 57–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v4i2.1204.

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In the last decades, many emerging countries have been staging mega sporting events more and more frequently. Among those nations, Qatar stands out for being the first Arab country to host a FIFA World Cup. With the rationale of diversifying its economy and promoting itself as a tourist destination, Doha, its capital city, has recently staged many international events and is literally under construction, undergoing important changes in terms of transportation, infrastructure, and sports facilities. While hosting cities and organising committees often promote the supposed benefits of a mega event, experience shows an opposite trend: outcomes from staging major events are mostly harmful, and their effects are planned to last only for a short time. When it comes to sporting events sites, stadiums, and their precincts, they usually become under-used and very costly to maintain in a very short time, and their precincts are completely abandoned. What will be the destiny of the 2022 World Cup stadiums and infrastructure? How can this event be leveraged as a momentum of experimentation and sustainable growth of its capital city, Doha? Is it possible to transform the Cup’s stadiums and precincts into liveable, enjoyable and well-integrated public spaces and neighbourhoods? This work focuses on the city of Doha, which hosted the 2006 Asian Games and will host the 2022 FIFA World Cup and aims to identify strategies to plan and maximise the post-event use of event sites and venues, more specifically stadiums, to generate more liveable and sustainable public spaces. The article investigates Doha’s public spaces, and analyses the government’s legacy plans for the 2022 World Cup, with a specific focus on stadiums and their precincts. The research aims to be a warning to future hosting cities and presents a series of suggestions on how to best leverage the stage of mega sporting events to promote healthy and liveable public spaces.

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Theodoropoulou, Irene, and Julieta Alos. "Expect amazing! Branding Qatar as a sports tourism destination." Visual Communication 19, no. 1 (June 5, 2018): 13–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470357218775005.

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This article focuses on the ways in which, after its successful bid to host the ‘mega event’ of World Cup 2022, Qatar is branded as a sports tourism destination in the online semioscape and linguascape of sports events. The promotional multimodal digital material that Qatar has already released to launch its ambitious sports-related projects in both its English and Arabic versions is analysed from a critical perspective of multimodal discourse analysis and social semiotics, focusing on image making. This includes the strategic use of symbolic and material markers that construct Qatar as a distinctive destination offering its visitors high quality sports while also being good value for money as it brings the world to its visitors through sports, inter alia. Finally, the argument put forward is that Qatar constructs a politically appealing and distinctive campaign, oscillating between tradition-driven utopia and the remarkably transformed modern landscape of the country.

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Medcalfe, Simon, and Caroliegh Frentzel. "Alltech FEI World Equestrian Games." CASE Journal 12, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tcj-06-2014-0049.

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Synopsis This case requires students to analyze the economic impact of a sporting mega-event. Mega-events are defined as infrequent events (maybe spread over several days) that attract a large crowd of visitors. Economic impact studies are becoming ubiquitous in analyzing the impact of sporting events, universities and other businesses. Properly constructed these reports can be valuable tools for decision makers. Unfortunately, many impact studies are not constructed accurately and may mislead and misrepresent information. This case raises these issues so that students may be better placed to critically analyze the impact of mega-events. Research methodology There are a number of academic articles that have analyzed these types of events and they are referred to in this case and instructor’s manual. The academic articles are complemented by one of the author’s firsthand knowledge of the event through working at the World Equestrian Games, a third-party economic impact study and media reports. Relevant courses and levels The case would be appropriate for a variety of undergraduate courses including upper-level economics (particularly regional economics or local economic development), marketing, sport management as well as some finance courses such as public finance. Outside of business courses, it would be well suited to a course in political economy or public policy. The case could potentially be used in a graduate course in sports management or a course in local economic development (in an MBA or MPA program).

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Byers, Terri, Emily Hayday, and Athanasios (Sakis) Pappous. "A new conceptualization of mega sports event legacy delivery: Wicked problems and critical realist solution." Sport Management Review 23, no. 2 (April 2020): 171–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2019.04.001.

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Dong, Qinqin, and Geert Duysters. "Research on the Co-Branding and Match-Up of Mega-Sports Event and Host City." International Journal of the History of Sport 32, no. 8 (May 24, 2015): 1098–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2015.1046050.

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Annear, Michael J., Yasuo Shimizu, and Tetsuhiro Kidokoro. "Sports mega-event legacies and adult physical activity: A systematic literature review and research agenda." European Journal of Sport Science 19, no. 5 (December 15, 2018): 671–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2018.1554002.

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Marivoet, Salomé. "UEFA Euro 2004™ Portugal: The Social Construction of a Sports Mega-Event and Spectacle." Sociological Review 54, no. 2_suppl (December 2006): 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.2006.00657.x.

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Malchrowicz-Mośko, Ewa, Joanna Poczta, and Katarzyna Adamczewska. "The Potential of Non-Mega Sporting Events for the Promotion of Physical Activity Among Inactive Supporters at the Poznan Half Marathon: A Case Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (October 30, 2019): 4193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214193.

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The impact of sports events on the promotion of physical activity, healthy lifestyles and sports participation is debatable, and most of the literature is on mega-events. This begs the question if more evidence of this type of impact can be found for non-mega events. Research on sports legacy often refers to the tangible effects such as infrastructure that is left after the competition. However, the construction of new facilities does not automatically result in attracting participants. Despite the high expectations of events organizers in terms of their impacts on pro-health behavior of people, few studies provide empirical evidence that events encourage sport fans to become more physically active. The aim of this research was to examine whether a mass run promotes physical activity among spectators, and whether a mass run influences the willingness of spectators to start in half marathon in the future. A written paper–pencil survey was collected from 510 spectators during the 6th Poznan Half Marathon. The results show that observing a mass run event has a positive impact on the willingness to engage in regular physical activity as well as the willingness to take part in this type of sport in the future. Our work provides knowledge about the level of effectiveness in promoting active lifestyles among supporters depending on age, sex and place of residents. This work focuses on mass runs, which have been under-researched when it comes to impact on sport participation.

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Golubchikov, Oleg. "From a sports mega-event to a regional mega-project: the Sochi winter Olympics and the return of geography in state development priorities." International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 9, no. 2 (January 31, 2017): 237–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2016.1272620.

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Censi Borges, Vicente de Paula, and Norberto Santos. "Preparing tourist spaces for the 2014 Fifa World Cup thoughts about deterritorialisation, reterritorialisation and gentrification." Cuadernos de Turismo, no. 42 (December 10, 2018): 93–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/turismo.42.04.

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The present paper has to aim into territorial reflect changes in Rio de Janeiro –which hosted some of the games of the 2014 FIFA World Cup–, including the preparation of urban space for accommodating tourists and setting up the necessary sports infrastructure for the mega event, identified as tourist areas. Based on newspaper clippings on the subject from the Brazilian press and bibliographic research, the study research method used was exploratory, which made it possible to adopt a qualitative outlook. It was assumed that there is currently sufficient information on the 2014 FIFA World Cup. Consequently, it was possible to expand the scope to include the relevant variables in the case study, which cannot be quantified. Tools used to collect information included bibliographical and document research, which enabled the study to conclude that the process of urban replanning adjusted the area to the needs of the sports mega event. It also triggered the displacement of the communities living in the areas targeted for improvement and expansion of the necessary infrastructures, in many cases against the will of the dwellers, with the excuse that their living conditions would improve, the risk of life would be reduced and appropriate housing would be guaranteed, while democratic access to goods and services was not expanded.

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Kim, Hyung-Min, and Jonathan Grix. "Implementing a Sustainability Legacy Strategy: A Case Study of PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympic Games." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (May 5, 2021): 5141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13095141.

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Given the growing need for hosts of sports mega-events to provide concrete plans for a sustainable sports mega-event at the bidding stage, it is perhaps surprising that there has not been more research on the actual implementation of the legacy plan in terms of sustainability. The main aim of this paper is to do just that: to analyse an empirical example of the implementation of the sustainability legacy plan for the PyeongChang 2018 Winter Olympic Games. Through an empirical analysis, the research methods used to collect the data are document analysis and semi-structured interviews with stakeholder sampling (16 documents and 10 interviewees). The paper uncovers the difficulties the PyeongChang Games encountered in achieving the sustainable legacy planned in the bid files through an evaluation of the implementation of PyeongChang’s legacy strategy in the context of South Korea. Part of the findings reveal that Gangwon Province and South Korea achieved their strategic goals set out in advance of the PyeongChang Olympics as an effective tool for promoting regional development. One of the main obstacles to the sustainability of the PyeongChang Olympics was the lack of a clear plan for the post-Games use of Olympics venues and conflicts of interest among stakeholders of the PyeongChang Winter Games.

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Du, Juan, Mei-Yen Chen, and Yu-Feng Wu. "The Effects of Social Media on Sporting Event Satisfaction and Word of Mouth Communication: An Empirical Study of a Mega Sports Event." Information 11, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11100482.

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This study examines the impact of word of mouth (WOM) communication through social media and how it affects satisfaction with the Summer Universiade in Taipei. This study hopes to understand the usage characteristics of social media among university students and the implementation of social media and their effectiveness as a marketing strategy for sport organization. The hypotheses were verified using a survey of 572 university students from four universities that hosted competitions for the Summer Universiade Games. Data were analyzed using t test, Pearson’s correlation analysis and two-way ANOVA analysis. The results indicated that WOM has impacted satisfaction via social media, and the level of understanding of sporting events was significantly affected by WOM communication and overall satisfaction. Moreover, gender showed no significant differences in WOM communication and overall satisfaction with sporting events. However, male participants had significantly higher value in WOM dissemination than female respondents. In addition, the spectators’ understanding of the sporting event on WOM communication and overall satisfaction was not affected by the continued use of social media. Suggestions are provided, including sufficient sports marketing and service quality from the organizers, in order to maintain good sports events and enhance spectators’ feelings.

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Michael Hall, C. "Chapter 11 - Imaging, tourism and sports event fever: The Sydney Olympics and the need for a social charter for mega-events." Routledge Online Studies on the Olympic and Paralympic Games 1, no. 45 (January 2012): 166–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203471401_chapter_11.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Mega-sports event'

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