Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Meiotic Chromosomes / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Meiotic Chromosomes.

Journal articles on the topic 'Meiotic Chromosomes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Meiotic Chromosomes.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Scherthan, H., J. Bähler, and J. Kohli. "Dynamics of chromosome organization and pairing during meiotic prophase in fission yeast." Journal of Cell Biology 127, no. 2 (1994): 273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.127.2.273.

Full text

Abstract:

Interactions between homologous chromosomes (pairing, recombination) are of central importance for meiosis. We studied entire chromosomes and defined chromosomal subregions in synchronous meiotic cultures of Schizosaccharomyces pombe by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Probes of different complexity were applied to spread nuclei, to delineate whole chromosomes, to visualize repeated sequences of centromeres, telomeres, and ribosomal DNA, and to study unique sequences of different chromosomal regions. In diploid nuclei, homologous chromosomes share a joint territory even before entry into me

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Lukhtanov, Vladimir A., Vlad Dincă, Magne Friberg, et al. "Versatility of multivalent orientation, inverted meiosis, and rescued fitness in holocentric chromosomal hybrids." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 41 (2018): E9610—E9619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802610115.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromosomal rearrangements (e.g., fusions/fissions) have the potential to drive speciation. However, their accumulation in a population is generally viewed as unlikely, because chromosomal heterozygosity should lead to meiotic problems and aneuploid gametes. Canonical meiosis involves segregation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I and sister chromatid segregation during meiosis II. In organisms with holocentric chromosomes, which are characterized by kinetic activity distributed along almost the entire chromosome length, this order may be inverted depending on their metaphase I orientation

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Kaback, David B., Dianna Barber, Jim Mahon, Jacque Lamb, and Jerome You. "Chromosome Size-Dependent Control of Meiotic Reciprocal Recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: The Role of Crossover Interference." Genetics 152, no. 4 (1999): 1475–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/152.4.1475.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, small chromosomes undergo meiotic reciprocal recombination (crossing over) at rates (centimorgans per kilobases) greater than those of large chromosomes, and recombination rates respond directly to changes in the total size of a chromosomal DNA molecule. This phenomenon, termed chromosome size-dependent control of meiotic reciprocal recombination, has been suggested to be important for ensuring that homologous chromosomes cross over during meiosis. The mechanism of this regulation was investigated by analyzing recombination in identical genetic i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Carlson, W. R., and R. R. Roseman. "A new property of the maize B chromosome." Genetics 131, no. 1 (1992): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.1.211.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract TB-9Sb is a translocation between the B chromosome and chromosome 9 in maize. Certain deletions of B chromatin from the translocation cause a sharp decrease in B-9 transmission compared to the rate for standard TB-9Sb. The deletions remove components of a B chromosome genetic system that serves to suppress meiotic loss in the female. At least two distinct B-chromosome regions suppress meiotic loss: one on the B-9 and one on 9-B. The system operates by stabilizing univalent B-type chromosomes. It allows the univalents to migrate to one pole in meiosis, despite the absence of a pairing

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Pelttari, Jeanette, Mary-Rose Hoja, Li Yuan, et al. "A Meiotic Chromosomal Core Consisting of Cohesin Complex Proteins Recruits DNA Recombination Proteins and Promotes Synapsis in the Absence of an Axial Element in Mammalian Meiotic Cells." Molecular and Cellular Biology 21, no. 16 (2001): 5667–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.21.16.5667-5677.2001.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The behavior of meiotic chromosomes differs in several respects from that of their mitotic counterparts, resulting in the generation of genetically distinct haploid cells. This has been attributed in part to a meiosis-specific chromatin-associated protein structure, the synaptonemal complex. This complex consist of two parallel axial elements, each one associated with a pair of sister chromatids, and a transverse filament located between the synapsed homologous chromosomes. Recently, a different protein structure, the cohesin complex, was shown to be associated with meiotic chromosome

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Kneitz, Burkhard, Paula E. Cohen, Elena Avdievich, et al. "MutS homolog 4 localization to meiotic chromosomes is required for chromosome pairing during meiosis in male and female mice." Genes & Development 14, no. 9 (2000): 1085–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gad.14.9.1085.

Full text

Abstract:

Msh4 (MutS homolog 4) is a member of the mammalian mismatch repair gene family whose members are involved in postreplicative DNA mismatch repair as well as in the control of meiotic recombination. In this report we show that MSH4 has an essential role in the control of male and female meiosis. We demonstrate that MSH4 is present in the nuclei of spermatocytes early in prophase I and that it forms discrete foci along meiotic chromosomes during the zygotene and pachytene stages of meiosis. Disruption of the Msh4 gene in mice results in male and female sterility due to meiotic failure. Although m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Tian, Miao, Christiane Agreiter, and Josef Loidl. "Spatial constraints on chromosomes are instrumental to meiotic pairing." Journal of Cell Science 133, no. 22 (2020): jcs253724. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.253724.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTIn most eukaryotes, the meiotic chromosomal bouquet (comprising clustered chromosome ends) provides an ordered chromosome arrangement that facilitates pairing and recombination between homologous chromosomes. In the protist Tetrahymena thermophila, the meiotic prophase nucleus stretches enormously, and chromosomes assume a bouquet-like arrangement in which telomeres and centromeres are attached to opposite poles of the nucleus. We have identified and characterized three meiosis-specific genes [meiotic nuclear elongation 1-3 (MELG1-3)] that control nuclear elongation, and centromere and

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Fedak, George, and John Grainger. "Chromosome instability in somaclones of a Triticum crassum × Hordeum vulgare hybrid." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28, no. 4 (1986): 618–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g86-090.

Full text

Abstract:

Immature inflorescence culture and subsequent plant regeneration was practiced for four successive cycles using a Triticum crassum × Hordeum vulgare hybrid cultured on Kao's medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (5 mg/mL). In one line, chromosomal mixoploidy was observed among both mitotic and meiotic cells. Variation in chromosome number of 20 to 98 was observed in mitotic and 14 to 68 among meiocytes in the first cycle regenerants. The range in chromosome number decreased in subsequent regeneration cycles. Fragmented chromosomes were observed at low frequencies in both grou

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

He, Le-Le, Ying Miao, He-Hong Wang, Jie Zhang, and Bao-Zhen Hua. "Dynamic meiotic behavior and evolutionary insights of supernumerary B chromosomes in the hangingfly Bittacus cirratus (Mecoptera, Bittacidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 19 (June 4, 2025): 91–107. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.153340.

Full text

Abstract:

Supernumerary B chromosomes are significant dispensable genetic elements that follow their own species-specific evolutionary pathways. Despite their widespread occurrence, comprehensive analyses of their meiotic behavior remain limited. In this study, we present the first systematic investigation of B chromosome morphology and meiotic behavior in the hangingfly Bittacus cirratus Tjeder, 1956 using cytogenetic approaches. The male basal chromosome numbers of B. cirratus is 2n = 30 + XO, with 0–5 polymorphic B chromosomes. Intraspecific B chromosome polymorphism manifests as various distinct mor

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

He, Le-Le, Ying Miao, He-Hong Wang, Jie Zhang, and Bao-Zhen Hua. "Dynamic meiotic behavior and evolutionary insights of supernumerary B chromosomes in the hangingfly Bittacus cirratus (Mecoptera, Bittacidae)." Comparative Cytogenetics 19 (June 4, 2025): 91–107. https://doi.org/10.3897/compcytogen.19.153340.

Full text

Abstract:

Supernumerary B chromosomes are significant dispensable genetic elements that follow their own species-specific evolutionary pathways. Despite their widespread occurrence, comprehensive analyses of their meiotic behavior remain limited. In this study, we present the first systematic investigation of B chromosome morphology and meiotic behavior in the hangingfly <i>Bittacus cirratus</i> Tjeder, 1956 using cytogenetic approaches. The male basal chromosome numbers of <i>B. cirratus</i> is 2n = 30 + XO, with 0–5 polymorphic B chromosomes. Intraspecific B chromosome polymorphism manifests as variou

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Buckler, Edward S., Tara L. Phelps-Durr, Carlyn S. Keith Buckler, R. Kelly Dawe, John F. Doebley, and Timothy P. Holtsford. "Meiotic Drive of Chromosomal Knobs Reshaped the Maize Genome." Genetics 153, no. 1 (1999): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.1.415.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Meiotic drive is the subversion of meiosis so that particular genes are preferentially transmitted to the progeny. Meiotic drive generally causes the preferential segregation of small regions of the genome; however, in maize we propose that meiotic drive is responsible for the evolution of large repetitive DNA arrays on all chromosomes. A maize meiotic drive locus found on an uncommon form of chromosome 10 [abnormal 10 (Ab10)] may be largely responsible for the evolution of heterochromatic chromosomal knobs, which can confer meiotic drive potential to every maize chromosome. Simulatio

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Hasenkampf, C. A., A. A. Taylor, N. U. Siddiqui, and C. D. Riggs. "meiotin-1 gene expression in normal anthers and in anthers exhibiting prematurely condensed chromosomes." Genome 43, no. 4 (2000): 604–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g00-021.

Full text

Abstract:

We have cloned and sequenced the promoter of a meiotin-1 gene, and have determined the precise temporal and spatial pattern of meiotin-1 gene expression. The expression of the meiotin-1 gene is controlled in two increments. The meiotin-1 gene is not expressed in any of the vegetative tissues examined. Early in microsporogenesis, low levels of meiotin-1 RNA can be detected. At the onset of meiosis, there is a dramatic increase in meiotin-1 RNA levels in both tapetal and meiotic cells. However, while meiotin-1 RNA is observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of meiotic cells, it is found only i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Chan, Raymond C., Aaron F. Severson, and Barbara J. Meyer. "Condensin restructures chromosomes in preparation for meiotic divisions." Journal of Cell Biology 167, no. 4 (2004): 613–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200408061.

Full text

Abstract:

The production of haploid gametes from diploid germ cells requires two rounds of meiotic chromosome segregation after one round of replication. Accurate meiotic chromosome segregation involves the remodeling of each pair of homologous chromosomes around the site of crossover into a highly condensed and ordered structure. We showed that condensin, the protein complex needed for mitotic chromosome compaction, restructures chromosomes during meiosis in Caenorhabditis elegans. In particular, condensin promotes both meiotic chromosome condensation after crossover recombination and the remodeling of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Paliulis, Leocadia V., and R. Bruce Nicklas. "The Reduction of Chromosome Number in Meiosis Is Determined by Properties Built into the Chromosomes." Journal of Cell Biology 150, no. 6 (2000): 1223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.150.6.1223.

Full text

Abstract:

In meiosis I, two chromatids move to each spindle pole. Then, in meiosis II, the two are distributed, one to each future gamete. This requires that meiosis I chromosomes attach to the spindle differently than meiosis II chromosomes and that they regulate chromosome cohesion differently. We investigated whether the information that dictates the division type of the chromosome comes from the whole cell, the spindle, or the chromosome itself. Also, we determined when chromosomes can switch from meiosis I behavior to meiosis II behavior. We used a micromanipulation needle to fuse grasshopper sperm

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Goldway, M., A. Sherman, D. Zenvirth, T. Arbel, and G. Simchen. "A short chromosomal region with major roles in yeast chromosome III meiotic disjunction, recombination and double strand breaks." Genetics 133, no. 2 (1993): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/133.2.159.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract A multicopy plasmid was isolated from a yeast genomic library, whose presence resulted in a twofold increase in meiotic nondisjunction of chromosome III. The plasmid contains a 7.5-kb insert from the middle of the right arm of chromosome III, including the gene THR4. Using chromosomal fragments derived from chromosome III, we determined that the cloned region caused a significant, specific, cis-acting increase in chromosome III nondisjunction in the first meiotic division. The plasmid containing this segment exhibited high spontaneous meiotic integration into chromosome III (in 2.4% o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Matveevsky, Sergey, Oxana Kolomiets, Aleksey Bogdanov, Elena Alpeeva, and Irina Bakloushinskaya. "Meiotic Chromosome Contacts as a Plausible Prelude for Robertsonian Translocations." Genes 11, no. 4 (2020): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11040386.

Full text

Abstract:

Robertsonian translocations are common chromosomal alterations. Chromosome variability affects human health and natural evolution. Despite the significance of such mutations, no mechanisms explaining the emergence of such translocations have yet been demonstrated. Several models have explored possible changes in interphase nuclei. Evidence for non-homologous chromosomes end joining in meiosis is scarce, and is often limited to uncovering mechanisms in damaged cells only. This study presents a primarily qualitative analysis of contacts of non-homologous chromosomes by short arms, during meiotic

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Pigozzi, María I. "The Chromosomes of Birds during Meiosis." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 150, no. 2 (2016): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000453541.

Full text

Abstract:

The cytological analysis of meiotic chromosomes is an exceptional tool to approach complex processes such as synapsis and recombination during the division. Chromosome studies of meiosis have been especially valuable in birds, where naturally occurring mutants or experimental knock-out animals are not available to fully investigate the basic mechanisms of major meiotic events. This review highlights the main contributions of synaptonemal complex and lampbrush chromosome research to the current knowledge of avian meiosis, with special emphasis on the organization of chromosomes during prophase

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Molnar, Monika, Jürg Bähler, Jürg Kohli, and Yasushi Hiraoka. "Live observation of fission yeast meiosis in recombination-deficient mutants." Journal of Cell Science 114, no. 15 (2001): 2843–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.15.2843.

Full text

Abstract:

Regular segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiotic divisions is essential for the generation of viable progeny. In recombination-proficient organisms, chromosome disjunction at meiosis I generally occurs by chiasma formation between the homologs (chiasmate meiosis). We have studied meiotic stages in living rec8 and rec7 mutant cells of fission yeast, with special attention to prophase and the first meiotic division. Both rec8 and rec7 are early recombination mutants, and in rec7 mutants, chromosome segregation at meiosis I occurs without any recombination (achiasmate meiosis). Both m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Krawchuk, Michelle D., Linda C. DeVeaux, and Wayne P. Wahls. "Meiotic Chromosome Dynamics Dependent Upon the rec8+, rec10+ and rec11+ Genes of the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe." Genetics 153, no. 1 (1999): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/153.1.57.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract During meiosis homologous chromosomes replicate once, pair, experience recombination, and undergo two rounds of segregation to produce haploid meiotic products. The rec8+, rec10+, and rec11+ genes of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe exhibit similar specificities for meiotic recombination and rec8+ is required for sister chromatid cohesion and homolog pairing. We applied cytological and genetic approaches to identify potential genetic interactions and to gauge the fidelity of meiotic chromosome segregation in the mutants. The rec8+ gene was epistatic to rec10+ and to rec11+,

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Eaker, Shannon, April Pyle, John Cobb, and Mary Ann Handel. "Evidence for meiotic spindle checkpoint from analysis of spermatocytes from Robertsonian-chromosome heterozygous mice." Journal of Cell Science 114, no. 16 (2001): 2953–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jcs.114.16.2953.

Full text

Abstract:

Mice heterozygous for Robertsonian centric fusion chromosomal translocations frequently produce aneuploid sperm. In this study RBJ/Dn× C57BL/6J F1 males, heterozygous for four Robertsonian translocations (2N=36), were analyzed to determine effects on germ cells of error during meiosis. Analysis of sperm by three color fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed significantly elevated aneuploidy, thus validating Robertsonian heterozygous mice as a model for production of chromosomally abnormal gametes. Primary spermatocytes from heterozygous males exhibited abnormalities of chromosome pairing i

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

De, Kuntal, Li Yuan, and Christopher Makaroff. "Revised and Improved Procedure for Immunolocalization of Male Meiotic Chromosomal Proteins and Spindle in Plants without the Use of Enzymes." Plants 7, no. 4 (2018): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants7040093.

Full text

Abstract:

Immunolocalization studies to visualize the distribution of proteins on meiotic chromosomes have become an integral part of studies on meiosis in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. These techniques have been used to visualize a wide range of meiotic proteins involved in different aspects of meiosis, including sister chromatid cohesion, recombination, synapsis, and chromosome segregation. However, the analysis of meiotic spindle structure by immunofluorescence is of outstanding importance in plant reproductive biology and is very challenging. In the following report, we describe the compl

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Surosky, R. T., and B. K. Tye. "Meiotic disjunction of homologs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is directed by pairing and recombination of the chromosome arms but not by pairing of the centromeres." Genetics 119, no. 2 (1988): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/119.2.273.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract We explored the behavior of meiotic chromosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by examining the effects of chromosomal rearrangements on the pattern of disjunction and recombination of chromosome III during meiosis. The segregation of deletion chromosomes lacking part or all (telocentric) of one arm was analyzed in the presence of one or two copies of a normal chromosome III. In strains containing one normal and any one deletion chromosome, the two chromosomes disjoined in most meioses. In strains with one normal chromosome and both a left and right arm telocentric chromosome, the two te

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Koller, Antonius, Joseph Heitman, and Michael N. Hall. "Regional Bivalent-Univalent Pairing Versus Trivalent Pairing of a Trisomic Chromosome in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 144, no. 3 (1996): 957–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/144.3.957.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes pair, recombine and segregate to opposite poles. These events and subsequent meiosis I1 ensure that each of the four meiotic products has one complete set of chromosomes. In this study, the meiotic pairing and segregation of a trisomic chromosome in a diploid (2n + 1) yeast strain was examined. We find that trivalent pairing and segregation is the favored arrangement. However, insertions near the centromere in one of the trisomic chromosomes leads to preferential pairing and segregation of the “like” centromeres of the remaining two chromosomes, su

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Carlton, Peter M., and W. Zacheus Cande. "Telomeres act autonomously in maize to organize the meiotic bouquet from a semipolarized chromosome orientation." Journal of Cell Biology 157, no. 2 (2002): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200110126.

Full text

Abstract:

During meiosis, chromosomes undergo large-scale reorganization to allow pairing between homologues, which is necessary for recombination and segregation. In many organisms, pairing of homologous chromosomes is accompanied, and possibly facilitated, by the bouquet, the clustering of telomeres in a small region of the nuclear periphery. Taking advantage of the cytological accessibility of meiosis in maize, we have characterized the organization of centromeres and telomeres throughout meiotic prophase. Our results demonstrate that meiotic centromeres are polarized prior to the bouquet stage, but

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Jin, Hui, Vincent Guacci, and Hong-Guo Yu. "Pds5 is required for homologue pairing and inhibits synapsis of sister chromatids during yeast meiosis." Journal of Cell Biology 186, no. 5 (2009): 713–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200810107.

Full text

Abstract:

During meiosis, homologues become juxtaposed and synapsed along their entire length. Mutations in the cohesin complex disrupt not only sister chromatid cohesion but also homologue pairing and synaptonemal complex formation. In this study, we report that Pds5, a cohesin-associated protein known to regulate sister chromatid cohesion, is required for homologue pairing and synapsis in budding yeast. Pds5 colocalizes with cohesin along the length of meiotic chromosomes. In the absence of Pds5, the meiotic cohesin subunit Rec8 remains bound to chromosomes with only minor defects in sister chromatid

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Agashe, Bhavna, Chellapilla Krishna Prasad, and Imran Siddiqi. "Identification and analysis ofDYAD: a gene required for meiotic chromosome organisation and female meiotic progression inArabidopsis." Development 129, no. 16 (2002): 3935–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.16.3935.

Full text

Abstract:

The dyad mutant of Arabidopsis was previously identified as being defective in female meiosis. We report here the analysis of the DYAD gene. In ovules and anthers DYAD RNA is detected specifically in female and male meiocytes respectively, in premeiotic interphase/meiotic prophase. Analysis of chromosome spreads in female meiocytes showed that in the mutant, chromosomes did not undergo synapsis and formed ten univalents instead of five bivalents. Unlike mutations in AtDMC1 and AtSPO11 which also affect bivalent formation as the univalent chromosomes segregate randomly, the dyad univalents form

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Sakuno, Takeshi, and Yasushi Hiraoka. "Rec8 Cohesin: A Structural Platform for Shaping the Meiotic Chromosomes." Genes 13, no. 2 (2022): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13020200.

Full text

Abstract:

Meiosis is critically different from mitosis in that during meiosis, pairing and segregation of homologous chromosomes occur. During meiosis, the morphology of sister chromatids changes drastically, forming a prominent axial structure in the synaptonemal complex. The meiosis-specific cohesin complex plays a central role in the regulation of the processes required for recombination. In particular, the Rec8 subunit of the meiotic cohesin complex, which is conserved in a wide range of eukaryotes, has been analyzed for its function in modulating chromosomal architecture during the pairing and reco

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Daish, Tasman, Aaron Casey, and Frank Grützner. "Platypus chain reaction: directional and ordered meiotic pairing of the multiple sex chromosome chain in Ornithorhynchus anatinus." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 21, no. 8 (2009): 976. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09085.

Full text

Abstract:

Monotremes are phylogenetically and phenotypically unique animals with an unusually complex sex chromosome system that is composed of ten chromosomes in platypus and nine in echidna. These chromosomes are alternately linked (X1Y1, X2Y2, …) at meiosis via pseudoautosomal regions and segregate to form spermatozoa containing either X or Y chromosomes. The physical and epigenetic mechanisms involved in pairing and assembly of the complex sex chromosome chain in early meiotic prophase I are completely unknown. We have analysed the pairing dynamics of specific sex chromosome pseudoautosomal regions

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Chen, Hanchen, Chengpeng He, Chongyang Wang, et al. "RAD51 supports DMC1 by inhibiting the SMC5/6 complex during meiosis." Plant Cell 33, no. 8 (2021): 2869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab136.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Meiosis is a fundamental process for sexual reproduction in most eukaryotes and the evolutionarily conserved recombinases RADiation sensitive51 (RAD51) and Disrupted Meiotic cDNA1 (DMC1) are essential for meiosis and thus fertility. The mitotic function of RAD51 is clear, but the meiotic function of RAD51 remains largely unknown. Here we show that RAD51 functions as an interacting protein to restrain the Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes5/6 (SMC5/6) complex from inhibiting DMC1. We unexpectedly found that loss of the SMC5/6 partially suppresses the rad51 knockout mutant in terms o

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Naranjo, Tomás. "Finding the Correct Partner: The Meiotic Courtship." Scientifica 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.6064/2012/509073.

Full text

Abstract:

Homologous chromosomes are usually separated at the entrance of meiosis; how they become paired is one of the outstanding mysteries of the meiotic process. Reduction of spacing between homologues makes possible the occurrence of chromosomal interactions leading to homology detection and the formation of bivalents. In many organisms, telomere-led chromosome movements are generated that bring homologues together. Additional movements produced by chromatin conformational changes at early meiosis may also facilitate homologous contacts. Organisms used in the study of meiosis show a surprising vari

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Moens, P. B., J. A. M. Heddle, B. Spyropoulos, and H. H. Q. Heng. "Identical megabase transgenes on mouse chromosomes 3 and 4 do not promote ectopic pairing or synapsis at meiosis." Genome 40, no. 5 (1997): 770–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g97-799.

Full text

Abstract:

To investigate ectopic interactions at the chromatin level, we examined the meiotic organization of 1–2 mb phage λ transgenes on mouse chromosomes 3 and 4 by fluorescence in situ hybridization in combination with immunocytology of meiotic chromosomes. At early meiotic prophase, the transgenes are sufficiently dispersed in the nuclear volume to permit potential DNA–DNA interactions, but no synaptonemal complexes form between the sites of transgenes residing on different chromosomes. At later stages, when the chromatin is more condensed, the transgenes on different chromosomes are not preferenti

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Yang, Fang, Sigrid Eckardt, N. Adrian Leu, K. John McLaughlin, and Peijing Jeremy Wang. "Mouse TEX15 is essential for DNA double-strand break repair and chromosomal synapsis during male meiosis." Journal of Cell Biology 180, no. 4 (2008): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200709057.

Full text

Abstract:

During meiosis, homologous chromosomes undergo synapsis and recombination. We identify TEX15 as a novel protein that is required for chromosomal synapsis and meiotic recombination. Loss of TEX15 function in mice causes early meiotic arrest in males but not in females. Specifically, TEX15-deficient spermatocytes exhibit a failure in chromosomal synapsis. In mutant spermatocytes, DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed, but localization of the recombination proteins RAD51 and DMC1 to meiotic chromosomes is severely impaired. Based on these data, we propose that TEX15 regulates the loading of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Ross, L. O., D. Treco, A. Nicolas, J. W. Szostak, and D. Dawson. "Meiotic recombination on artificial chromosomes in yeast." Genetics 131, no. 3 (1992): 541–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/131.3.541.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract We have examined the meiotic recombination characteristics of artificial chromosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our experiments were carried out using minichromosome derivatives of yeast chromosome III and yeast artificial chromosomes composed primarily of bacteriophage lambda DNA. Tetrad analysis revealed that the artificial chromosomes exhibit very low levels of meiotic recombination. However, when a 12.5-kbp fragment from yeast chromosome VIII was inserted into the right arm of the artificial chromosome, recombination within that arm mimicked the recombination characteristics of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Neeta, Raghuveer. "IDENTIFICATION OF MEIOTIC (PACHYTENE) CHROMOSOME IN MALE SYRIAN HAMSTER." International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences 3, no. 4 (2018): 62–368. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1403240.

Full text

Abstract:

In many mammals, especially rodents, centric fusions of acrocentric chromosomes constituted the most common mechanism of chromosome structural changes during the course of karyotypic evolution. The present study is an attempt to present here a detailed description of early meiotic stages (i.e. Pachytene, diplotene and diakinetic configurations) with an emphasis on the identification of distinctive features of the elongated chromosome (chromomeric) sequences. This together with a prometaphase idiogram could provide a schematic representation of Syrian hamster meiotic chromosomes, especially of

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Mahadevaiah, Shantha K., Déborah Bourc'his, Dirk G. de Rooij, Timothy H. Bestor, James M. A. Turner, and Paul S. Burgoyne. "Extensive meiotic asynapsis in mice antagonises meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin and consequently disrupts meiotic sex chromosome inactivation." Journal of Cell Biology 182, no. 2 (2008): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200710195.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromosome synapsis during zygotene is a prerequisite for the timely homologous recombinational repair of meiotic DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Unrepaired DSBs are thought to trigger apoptosis during midpachytene of male meiosis if synapsis fails. An early pachytene response to asynapsis is meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin (MSUC), which, in normal males, silences the X and Y chromosomes (meiotic sex chromosome inactivation [MSCI]). In this study, we show that MSUC occurs in Spo11-null mouse spermatocytes with extensive asynapsis but lacking meiotic DSBs. In contrast, three mutants

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Heldrich, Jonna, Xiaoji Sun, Luis A. Vale-Silva, Tovah E. Markowitz, and Andreas Hochwagen. "Topoisomerases Modulate the Timing of Meiotic DNA Breakage and Chromosome Morphogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Genetics 215, no. 1 (2020): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/genetics.120.303060.

Full text

Abstract:

During meiotic prophase, concurrent transcription, recombination, and chromosome synapsis place substantial topological strain on chromosomal DNA, but the role of topoisomerases in this context remains poorly defined. Here, we analyzed the roles of topoisomerases I and II (Top1 and Top2) during meiotic prophase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We show that both topoisomerases accumulate primarily in promoter-containing intergenic regions of actively transcribing genes, including many meiotic double-strand break (DSB) hotspots. Despite the comparable binding patterns, top1 and top2 mutations have d

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Pajpach, Filip, Tianyu Wu, Linda Shearwin-Whyatt, Keith Jones, and Frank Grützner. "Flavors of Non-Random Meiotic Segregation of Autosomes and Sex Chromosomes." Genes 12, no. 9 (2021): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12091338.

Full text

Abstract:

Segregation of chromosomes is a multistep process occurring both at mitosis and meiosis to ensure that daughter cells receive a complete set of genetic information. Critical components in the chromosome segregation include centromeres, kinetochores, components of sister chromatid and homologous chromosomes cohesion, microtubule organizing centres, and spindles. Based on the cytological work in the grasshopper Brachystola, it has been accepted for decades that segregation of homologs at meiosis is fundamentally random. This ensures that alleles on chromosomes have equal chance to be transmitted

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Goll, Leonardo G., Roberto F. Artoni, Maria C. Gross, et al. "Comparative Cytogenetics of Omophoita abbreviata and O. aequinoctialis (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Alticini) from the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve in Brazilian Amazonia: Intrapopulation Variation in Karyotypes." Cytogenetic and Genome Research 156, no. 1 (2018): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000490835.

Full text

Abstract:

The chromosomes of 2 flea beetle species from central Amazonia, Omophoita abbreviata and O. aequinoctialis (Alticini), were investigated through analysis of meiotic and mitotic cells. These species belong to the subtribe Oedionychina, a taxon that has unique cytogenetic features, such as giant sex chromosomes which are aligned at a distance during meiosis I (asynaptic). O. abbreviata and O. aequinoctialis have a meiotic formula of 10II + X + y, which is predominant in this subtribe. While the species of the genus Omophoita possess a relatively stable karyotype, a typical feature for Oedionychi

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Liang, Jiangtao, Simon M. Bondarenko, Igor V. Sharakhov, and Maria V. Sharakhova. "Obtaining Polytene, Meiotic, and Mitotic Chromosomes from Mosquitoes for Cytogenetic Analysis." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2022, no. 12 (2022): pdb.prot107872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot107872.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromosome visualization is a key step for developing cytogenetic maps and idiograms, analyzing inversion polymorphisms, and identifying mosquito species. Three types of chromosomes—polytene, mitotic, and meiotic—are used in cytogenetic studies of mosquitoes. Here, we describe a detailed method for obtaining high-quality polytene chromosome preparations from the salivary glands of larvae and the ovaries of females forAnophelesmosquitoes. We also describe how to obtain mitotic chromosomes from imaginal discs of fourth-instar larvae and meiotic chromosomes from the testes of male pupae for all m

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Cuñado, N., M. C. Cermeño, and J. Orellana. "Nucleolar organizer activity at meiosis in wheat–rye hybrid plants." Canadian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 28, no. 2 (1986): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g86-031.

Full text

Abstract:

Nucleoli and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) have been studied by a silver staining method in all meiotic stages of wheat–rye hybrid plants. The maximum number of nucleoli per cell scored at meiotic prophase and tapetum binucleate cells indicates that only the NORs of 1B, 6B, and 5D wheat chromosomes are active, whereas that of chromosome IR (SAT) of rye is inactive. However, at diakinesis, metaphase and anaphase meiotic stages only chromosomes 1B and 6B show Ag-NOR as was reported previously in somatic metaphase. The absence of Ag-NOR on chromosome 5D has been imputed to its low nucleolar

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Jinks-Robertson, Sue, and Thomas D. Petes. "CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATIONS GENERATED BY HIGH-FREQUENCY MEIOTIC RECOMBINATION BETWEEN REPEATED YEAST GENES." Genetics 114, no. 3 (1986): 731–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/114.3.731.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT We have examined meiotic and mitotic recombination between repeated genes on nonhomologous chromosomes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae . The results of these experiments can be summarized in three statements. First, gene conversion events between repeats on nonhomologous chromosomes occur frequently in meiosis. The frequency of such conversion events is only 17-fold less than the analogous frequency of conversion between genes at allelic positions on homologous chromosomes. Second, meiotic and mitotic conversion events between repeated genes on nonhomologous chromosomes are asso

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Novak, Ivana, Hong Wang, Ekaterina Revenkova, Rolf Jessberger, Harry Scherthan та Christer Höög. "Cohesin Smc1β determines meiotic chromatin axis loop organization". Journal of Cell Biology 180, № 1 (2008): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200706136.

Full text

Abstract:

Meiotic chromosomes consist of proteinaceous axial structures from which chromatin loops emerge. Although we know that loop density along the meiotic chromosome axis is conserved in organisms with different genome sizes, the basis for the regular spacing of chromatin loops and their organization is largely unknown. We use two mouse model systems in which the postreplicative meiotic chromosome axes in the mutant oocytes are either longer or shorter than in wild-type oocytes. We observe a strict correlation between chromosome axis extension and a general and reciprocal shortening of chromatin lo

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Loidl, Josef. "The initiation of meiotic chromosome pairing: the cytological view." Genome 33, no. 6 (1990): 759–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g90-115.

Full text

Abstract:

Opposing views are held with respect to the time when and the mechanisms whereby homologous chromosomes find each other for meiotic synapsis. On the one hand, some evidence has been presented for somatic homologous associations or some other kind of relationship between chromosomes in somatic cells as a preliminary to meiotic pairing. On the other hand, it is argued by many that homologous contacts are first established at meiotic prophase prior to, or in the course of, synaptonemal complex formation. The present paper reviews the controversial cytological evidence, hypotheses, and ideas on ho

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kurpyianova, Larissa, and Larissa Safronova. "A Brief Review of Meiotic Chromosomes in Early Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis and Mitotic Chromosomes in the Viviparous Lizard Zootoca vivipara (Squamata: Lacertidae) with Multiple Sex Chromosomes." Animals 13, no. 1 (2022): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13010019.

Full text

Abstract:

This brief review is focused on the viviparous lizard Zootoca vivipara (Lichtenstein, 1823), of the family Lacertidae, which possesses female heterogamety and multiple sex chromosomes (male 2n = 36, Z1Z1Z2Z2/Z1Z2W, female 2n = 35, with variable W sex chromosome). Multiple sex chromosomes and their changes may influence meiosis and the female meiotic drive, and they may play a role in reproductive isolation. In two cryptic taxa of Z. vivipara with different W sex chromosomes, meiosis during early spermatogenesis and oogenesis proceeds normally, without any disturbances, with the formation of ha

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

de Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel, and Carmen Sapienza. "Female Meiosis Drives Karyotypic Evolution in Mammals." Genetics 159, no. 3 (2001): 1179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/159.3.1179.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Speciation is often accompanied by changes in chromosomal number or form even though such changes significantly reduce the fertility of hybrid intermediates. We have addressed this evolutionary paradox by expanding the principle that nonrandom segregation of chromosomes takes place whenever human or mouse females are heterozygous carriers of Robertsonian translocations, a common form of chromosome rearrangement in mammals. Our analysis of 1170 mammalian karyotypes provides strong evidence that karyotypic evolution is driven by nonrandom segregation during female meiosis. The pertinent

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Rhee, K., and D. J. Wolgemuth. "The NIMA-related kinase 2, Nek2, is expressed in specific stages of the meiotic cell cycle and associates with meiotic chromosomes." Development 124, no. 11 (1997): 2167–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.124.11.2167.

Full text

Abstract:

The Aspergillus nimA gene encodes a Ser/Thr protein kinase which is required for mitosis, in addition to Cdc2, and which has been suggested to have a role in chromosomal condensation. In this study, we isolated a potential murine homologue of nimA, Nek2, which was shown to be expressed most abundantly in the testis of the adult tissues examined. Its expression in the testis was restricted to the germ cells, with highest levels detected in spermatocytes at pachytene and diplotene stages. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Nek2 localized to nuclei, exhibiting a non-uniform distribution w

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Sato-Carlton, Aya, Chihiro Nakamura-Tabuchi, Stephane Kazuki Chartrand, Tomoki Uchino, and Peter Mark Carlton. "Phosphorylation of the synaptonemal complex protein SYP-1 promotes meiotic chromosome segregation." Journal of Cell Biology 217, no. 2 (2017): 555–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201707161.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromosomes that have undergone crossing over in meiotic prophase must maintain sister chromatid cohesion somewhere along their length between the first and second meiotic divisions. Although many eukaryotes use the centromere as a site to maintain cohesion, the holocentric organism Caenorhabditis elegans instead creates two chromosome domains of unequal length termed the short arm and long arm, which become the first and second site of cohesion loss at meiosis I and II. The mechanisms that confer distinct functions to the short and long arm domains remain poorly understood. Here, we show that

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Beçak, Maria Luiza, Willy Beçak, and Alexandre Pereira. "Somatic pairing, endomitosis and chromosome aberrations in snakes (Viperidae and Colubridae)." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 75, no. 3 (2003): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652003000300004.

Full text

Abstract:

The positioning of macrochromosomes of Bothrops jararaca and Bothrops insularis (Viperidae) was studied in undistorted radial metaphases of uncultured cells (spermatogonia and oogonia) not subjected to spindle inhibitors. Colchicinized metaphases from uncultured (spleen and intestine) and cultured tissues (blood) were also analyzed. We report two antagonic non-random chromosome arrangements in untreated premeiotic cells: the parallel configuration with homologue chromosomes associated side by side in the metaphase plate and the antiparallel configuration having homologue chromosomes with antip

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Leung, Hei, and P. H. Williams. "Nuclear division and chromosome behavior during meiosis and ascosporogenesis in Pyricularia oryzae." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 1 (1987): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-016.

Full text

Abstract:

Meiosis and mitoses during ascosporogenesis in fertile mating strains of Pyricularia oryzae Cavara (teleomorph: Magnaporthe grisea) were studied using a propionic–iron–hematoxylin procedure which stained chromosomes, nucleolus, and spindle pole bodies. Meioses and mitoses in P. oryzae resembled those in other ascomycetes. Zygotene chromosomes were highly contracted followed by elongation at pachytene when close pairings of homologous chromosomes were observed. Nucleoli attained a maximum diameter of 3.8 μm during pachytene. Nucleolar growth was accompanied by a rapid growth of the ascus. Chrom

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Tsubouchi, Hideo, and G. Shirleen Roeder. "The Mnd1 Protein Forms a Complex with Hop2 To Promote Homologous Chromosome Pairing and Meiotic Double-Strand Break Repair." Molecular and Cellular Biology 22, no. 9 (2002): 3078–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.22.9.3078-3088.2002.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The hop2 mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae arrests in meiosis with extensive synaptonemal complex (SC) formation between nonhomologous chromosomes. A screen for multicopy suppressors of a hop2-ts allele identified the MND1 gene. The mnd1-null mutant arrests in meiotic prophase, with most double-strand breaks (DSBs) unrepaired. A low level of mature recombinants is produced, and the Rad51 protein accumulates at numerous foci along chromosomes. SC formation is incomplete, and homolog pairing is severely reduced. The Mnd1 protein localizes to chromatin throughout meiotic prophase, and t

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!