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Journal articles on the topic 'Melting and boiling points'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Wei, James. "Boiling Points and Melting Points of Chlorofluorocarbons." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 39, no. 8 (2000): 3116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie9909439.

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2

Prahlada Rao, S., and Shravan Sunkada. "Making sense of boiling points and melting points." Resonance 12, no. 6 (2007): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12045-007-0059-5.

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3

Alexander, Steven A. "Generating Molecules with Specific Boiling Points and Melting Points." Match Communications in Mathematical and in Computer Chemistry 94, no. 1 (2025): 77–93. https://doi.org/10.46793/match.94-1.077a.

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We examine a simple algorithm that uses simulated annealing to find molecules with a specific boiling point and melting point. For testing purposes, we consider molecules that contain only carbon, oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. We represent these molecules as SMILES strings and use seven distinct operators to modify these strings.

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4

Haydarov, Gennadiy Gasimovich, and Andrey Gennadyevich Haydarov. "Interconnection between melting, boiling and critical points." Interactive science, no. 3 (May 25, 2016): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-79535.

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5

Matsumoto, Akira. "The first-order phase transition of melting for molecular crystals by Frost–Kalkwarf vapor- and sublimation-pressure equations." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 76, no. 12 (2021): 1159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2021-0203.

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Abstract Thermodynamic quantities in the coexistence of the liquid and the solid phases for Frost–Kalkwarf vapor- and sublimation-pressure equations are investigated at an isobaric process. Gibbs free energy changes in the gaseous and the liquid phases, ΔG GL, has been derived from the Frost–Kalkwarf vapor-pressure equation. Similarly, Gibbs free energy changes in the gaseous and the solid phases, ΔG GS, may be estimated by the Frost–Kalkwarf sublimation-pressure equations which are determined by data of sublimation pressures and temperatures for 24 substances. In coexistence between the liqui

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6

Matsumoto, Akira. "The first-order phase transition of melting for molecular crystals by Frost–Kalkwarf vapor- and sublimation-pressure equations." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 76, no. 12 (2021): 1159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2021-0203.

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Abstract Thermodynamic quantities in the coexistence of the liquid and the solid phases for Frost–Kalkwarf vapor- and sublimation-pressure equations are investigated at an isobaric process. Gibbs free energy changes in the gaseous and the liquid phases, ΔG GL, has been derived from the Frost–Kalkwarf vapor-pressure equation. Similarly, Gibbs free energy changes in the gaseous and the solid phases, ΔG GS, may be estimated by the Frost–Kalkwarf sublimation-pressure equations which are determined by data of sublimation pressures and temperatures for 24 substances. In coexistence between the liqui

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7

Rich, Ronald L. "Does Molecular Mass Greatly Affect Boiling and Melting Points?" Journal of Chemical Education 81, no. 5 (2004): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed081p643.1.

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8

Šima, Jozef. "Structure-related melting and boiling points of inorganic compounds." Foundations of Chemistry 18, no. 1 (2015): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10698-015-9228-x.

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9

Sun, Chenyang, Yaning Zhang, Chaofeng Hou, and Wei Ge. "A new correlation model for predicting the melting and boiling temperatures of the Lennard-Jones systems." Physica Scripta 98, no. 1 (2022): 015702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/aca443.

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Abstract The Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential function is widely employed in molecular dynamics simulations. In this study, the LJ potentials under different characteristic diameter σ and characteristic energy ε were simulated, and the changes in properties such as number density, total energy, phase transition latent heat, and phase transition temperature were detailed. With the increase of σ, the melting and boiling temperatures of the LJ systems and the thermodynamic temperature range corresponding to liquid decrease, while with the increase of ε, the melting and boiling temperatures and the th

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10

VASUNDHARA, SINGH, R. TREHAN I., and L. KAD G. "A New Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (Z,Z)-3 -13-Octadecadien-l-ol, (Z,Z)-3, 13-Octadecadien-l-yl Acetate and their (E,Z)-Isomers." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 69, Feb 1992 (1992): 103–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6101327.

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Department of Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014 <em>Manuscript received 24 December 1991, accepted 17 February 1992</em> A New Stereocontrolled Synthesis of (Z,Z)-3 -13-Octadecadien-l-ol, (Z,Z)-3, 13-Octadecadien-l-yl Acetate and their (E,Z)-Isomers.

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11

Simamora, Pahala, and Samuel H. Yalkowsky. "Group Contribution Methods for Predicting the Melting Points and Boiling Points of Aromatic Compounds." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 33, no. 5 (1994): 1405–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00029a042.

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12

Walters, Andrea E., Paul B. Myrdal, and Samuel H. Yalkowsky. "A method for estimating the boiling points of organic compounds from their melting points." Chemosphere 31, no. 4 (1995): 3001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(95)00160-a.

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13

Karakoyun, Gülen Önal, and Erol Asiltürk. "The Effect of Heuristics on the Reasoning of the Pre-Service Science Teachers on the Topic of Melting and Boiling Point." Acta Chimica Slovenica 69, no. 1 (2022): 60–72. https://doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2021.6899.

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The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the heuristics on the reasoning processes of pre-service science teachers on the topic of melting and boiling point using the ten heuristic model proposed by Talanquer. In this phenomenographic study carried out in the spring semester of the 2018–2019 academic year, interviews were conducted with 30 teacher candidates enrolled in the Science Teaching Program of Firat University Faculty of Education. Participants were asked to answer three different questions during the interviews. These questions were about the ranking of some compounds a

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14

Baker, D. Blane. "Does Molecular Mass Greatly Affect Boiling and Melting Points? (author response)." Journal of Chemical Education 81, no. 5 (2004): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed081p643.2.

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15

Brown, R. J. C. "Does Molecular Mass Greatly Affect Boiling and Melting Points? (author response)." Journal of Chemical Education 81, no. 5 (2004): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed081p643.3.

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16

Gusev, Valery Pavlovich, Vladimir Stepanovich Shkrabak, Pavel Sergeyevich Orlov, and Roman Vladimirovich Shkrabak. "Analysis of molecular bonds by the spectrum of nitrogen atoms in order to optimize the synthesis of mineral fertilizers." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 6 (June 19, 2020): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2020i6pp86-93.

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The model of the structure of the crystal cubic lattice proposed by the authors takes into account the presence of short and long diagonal bonds passing along the faces and through the center of the elementary cube. The mechanism of energy distribution between two and three valence electrons of the N atom in the ground and excited states is described. It is shown that the optical spectrum of the N atom is mirrored on the set of energies of the 2p2 term, called the spectral memory of the nitrogen atom by the authors. The mechanism of “trigger of excitation” of N atoms is described for the first

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17

Mewes, Jan‐Michael, and Peter Schwerdtfeger. "Exclusively Relativistic: Periodic Trends in the Melting and Boiling Points of Group 12." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 60, no. 14 (2021): 7703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202100486.

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18

Wen, Xu, and Yang Qiang. "Group Vector Space (GVS) Method for Estimating Boiling and Melting Points of Hydrocarbons." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 47, no. 2 (2002): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je010253n.

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19

Wen, Xu, and Yang Qiang. "Group Vector Space Method for Estimating Melting and Boiling Points of Organic Compounds." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 41, no. 22 (2002): 5534–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie010989d.

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20

Bhhatarai, Barun, Wolfram Teetz, Tao Liu, et al. "CADASTER QSPR Models for Predictions of Melting and Boiling Points of Perfluorinated Chemicals." Molecular Informatics 30, no. 2-3 (2011): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/minf.201000133.

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21

WEN, XU, and YANG QIANG. "A NEW GROUP CONTRIBUTION METHOD FOR ESTIMATING MELTING AND BOILING POINTS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS." Chemical Engineering Communications 191, no. 1 (2004): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00986440390225378.

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22

Bolotnikov, M. F., and Yu A. Neruchev. "The melting and boiling points of compounds in homologous series of monohalogenated n-alkanes." Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A 81, no. 8 (2007): 1198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0036024407080031.

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23

Saeed, Nouman, Kai Long, Zeeshan Saleem Mufti, Hafsa Sajid, and Abdul Rehman. "Degree-Based Topological Indices of Boron B12." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (March 29, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5563218.

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Topological index sometimes called molecular descriptor is a numerical value which associates a chemical composition for correlating chemical structure with numerous physical properties, chemical reactivity, or biological activity. In this paper, we study some topological indices of boron and try to correlate the physicochemical properties such as freezing points, boiling points, melting points, infrared spectrum, electronic parameters, viscosity, and density of chemical graphs. We discuss these topological indices, and some of them are mentioned here such as Randic index, the first general Za

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24

Gheribi, Aïmen E., Jesus A. Torres, and Patrice Chartrand. "Recommended values for the thermal conductivity of molten salts between the melting and boiling points." Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 126 (July 2014): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2014.03.028.

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25

Osada, Shohichi, Morihiro Osada, Masayuki Kokado, and Masanori Tokuda. "Thermodynamic Study of the Behavior of Elements with Low Boiling Points in the Melting Process." Journal of the Japan Society of Waste Management Experts 15, no. 5 (2004): 353–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3985/jswme.15.353.

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26

Slovokhotov, Yuri L., Andrei S. Batsanov, and Judith A. K. Howard. "Molecular van der Waals symmetry affecting bulk properties of condensed phases: melting and boiling points." Structural Chemistry 18, no. 4 (2007): 477–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11224-007-9167-9.

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27

Zherebtsov, D., D. Tolstoguzov, A. Bulanova, and V. Avdin. "On using a Netzsch 449 Jupiter synchronous thermal analyzer to determine the boiling point of substances." Bulletin of the South Ural State University series "Chemistry" 15, no. 2 (2023): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/chem230213.

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The influence of the mass of water, p-xylene, ethylene glycol, and naphthalene on the measured values of temperature and heat of their transformations has been studied. It has been shown that a synchronous thermal analyzer Netzsch 449F1 Jupiter can be successfully used to determine boiling points of substances. The final temperatures of their evaporation monotonously increase together with an increase in the mass of a substance. It has been shown that with the achievement of a certain mass, the boiling process becomes stationary, accompanied by the formation of a linear front of the boiling pe

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28

Goncharuk, Vladislav V. "Physicochemical Properties of the Water Depleted of Heavy Isotopes." Chemistry Journal of Moldova 7, no. 1 (2012): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.19261/cjm.2012.07(1).03.

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Data on physicochemical properties of the light water (deuterium concentration is reduced to the ratio D/H = 4 ppm and that of the isotope of oxygen 18 – to the ratio 18O/16O = 750 ppm) have been obtained. They include the melting and boiling points, kinematic viscosity, density, the spin-spin proton relaxation time, self-diffusion coefficients, and the small-angle laser light scattering. An explanation was proposed for the detected significant changes of the light water as compared with the high-resistivity water having geochemically ordinary isotope composition.

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29

Liu, Yi-Hsien, and Chung-Wei Cheng. "The Experimental and Modeling Study of Femtosecond Laser-Ablated Silicon Surface." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 7, no. 2 (2023): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp7020068.

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In this study, monocrystalline silicon was ablated by a single 1030 nm femtosecond laser pulse. Variable laser fluence (0.16–3.06 J/cm2) was used, and two ablation thresholds (0.8 and 1.67 J/cm2) were determined experimentally. A two-temperature model was established based on the dynamic optical model, the carrier density model, and the phase explosion model for comparison with experimental results. The melting (0.25 J/cm2) and vaporization (0.80 J/cm2) thresholds were determined when the lattice temperature reached melting and boiling points, so as to overcome the latent heat. Finally, the ab

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30

Iqbal, Zahid, Adnan Aslam, Muhammad Ishaq, and Muhammad Aamir. "Characteristic study of irregularity measures of some nanotubes." Canadian Journal of Physics 97, no. 10 (2019): 1125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2018-0619.

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In many applications and problems in material engineering and chemistry, it is valuable to know how irregular a given molecular structure is. Furthermore, measures of the irregularity of underlying molecular graphs could be helpful for quantitative structure property relationships and quantitative structure-activity relationships studies, and for determining and expressing chemical and physical properties, such as toxicity, resistance, and melting and boiling points. Here we explore the following three irregularity measures: the irregularity index by Albertson, the total irregularity, and the

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31

Gongden, J. J., N. U. Usman, V. Uduah, Y.N Lohdip, and L.D Solomon. "Synthesis and Characterization of Mixed Ligand Complexes of Co(II) And Ni(II) with Hippuric Acid, Ammonium Thiocyanate and Hydroxyl Ammonium Chloride." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 7, no. 12 (2023): 2084–93. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7568545.

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Mixed ligands/Coordinate complexes are still largely investigated. This is because of their very wide range of uses and applications.The mixed ligand complexes of Co (II) and Ni (II) with hippuric acid, ammonium thiocyanate and hydroxyl ammonium chloride were synthesized in a 1:2:2:2 stoichiometric ratio by a modified direct combination method. The resulting complexes were characterized by preliminary tests and spectroscopic methods. The physicochemical parameters such as melting point, boiling point, pH, electrical conductivity and colour of the complexes were determined. The solubility in wa

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32

Apkarian, Robert P., Stephen Lee, and Jason Keiper. "Refining Equipment for High Resolution in-Lens Cryo-Sem." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (1998): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600021413.

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Advanced metal coating methods have greatly improved the localization of secondary electrons (SEI) from biological specimens staged in an in-lens field emission SEM. Using these metal coatings, molecular level structural information from cell membranes and isolated bio-molecules have been more accurately recorded from frozen-hydrated samples due to the presence of bound water rather than from chemically fixed and dried samples. Although in-lens cryo-SEM systems have provided images with equivalent resolution to TEM-replicas, several conditions are encountered which require optimizing technique

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33

Fenghour, A. "5.1.3 PROPERTIES OF PURE FLUIDS: VAPOUR PRESSURE, ENTHALPIES OF VAPORISATION AND BOILING AND MELTING POINTS OF PURE FLUIDS." Heat Exchanger Design Updates 9, no. 3-4 (2002): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heatexchdesignupd.v9.i3-4.40.

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34

Chomanee, Jiraporn, Nisagorn Nakarang, Sek Handee, Patchara Choksuriwong, Supagorn Katathikarnkul, and Tanchanok Poonsin. "An Experimental Set for Studying the Changing State of Matter with Smart Learning Media Displayed Through the IoT System for Smart-Lab." ASEAN Journal of Scientific and Technological Reports 25, no. 4 (2022): 42–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.55164/ajstr.v25i4.247317.

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The purposes of this research were to develop and find the quality of the experimental set for studying the changing state of matter with smart learning media displayed through the IoT system. The data collection tools used in this research were 1) the accuracy percentage, 2) a suitability assessment form 3) a learning achievement test in “changing state of matter” and 4) satisfaction questionnaires. The statistics for analyzing the collected data were mean (), percentage, standard deviation (S.D.), and t-test dependent. The result showed that the Digital Thermo Sensor had 98.5% accuracy in 30

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35

Pol, Vilas Ganpat, Swati Vilas Pol, and Aharon Gedanken. "One Pot, Environmentally Benign, Thermal Reaction to Fabricate WSe₂ and MoSe₂ Nanoplates." Journal of Nano Research 3 (October 2008): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.3.15.

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The two dimensional nanoplates of WSe2 and MoSe2 are the result of solid-state thermal (750oC) reaction between micrometer-sized W or Mo with micro-size Se powder under inert atmosphere via carving phenomena in a closed reactor. This is a distinct top-down approach presented for the fabrication of inorganic nanoplates, where micron-sized metal particles having very high melting and boiling points are converted into a Se–M–Se sandwich structure employing a single-step, scalable, and environmentally- friendly chemical reaction under autogenic pressure at elevated temperature (RAPET). The mechani

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36

Chuah, Chong Yang, and Tae-Hyun Bae. "Recent Advances in Mixed-Matrix Membranes for Light Hydrocarbon (C1–C3) Separation." Membranes 12, no. 2 (2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12020201.

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Light hydrocarbons, obtained through the petroleum refining process, are used in numerous applications. The separation of the various light hydrocarbons is challenging and expensive due to their similar melting and boiling points. Alternative methods have been investigated to supplement cryogenic distillation, which is energy intensive. Membrane technology, on the other hand, can be an attractive alternative in light hydrocarbon separation as a phase change that is known to be energy-intensive is not required during the separation. In this regard, this study focuses on recent advances in mixed

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37

Morishima, N. "Cold and thermal neutron scattering cross sections of liquid H2 and D2 at temperatures between melting and boiling points." Annals of Nuclear Energy 27, no. 6 (2000): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0306-4549(99)00108-5.

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38

Iqbal, Zahid, Muhammad Ishaq, Adnan Aslam, Muhammad Aamir, and Wei Gao. "The measure of irregularities of nanosheets." Open Physics 18, no. 1 (2020): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phys-2020-0164.

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AbstractNanosheets are two-dimensional polymeric materials, which are among the most active areas of investigation of chemistry and physics. Many diverse physicochemical properties of compounds are closely related to their underlying molecular topological descriptors. Thus, topological indices are fascinating beginning points to any statistical approach for attaining quantitative structure–activity (QSAR) and quantitative structure–property (QSPR) relationship studies. Irregularity measures are generally used for quantitative characterization of the topological structure of non-regular graphs.

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39

Abdo, Hosam, Darko Dimitrov, and Wei Gao. "On the irregularity of some molecular structures." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 95, no. 2 (2017): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2016-0539.

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Measures of the irregularity of chemical graphs could be helpful for QSAR/QSPR studies and for the descriptive purposes of biological and chemical properties such as melting and boiling points, toxicity, and resistance. Here, we consider the following four established irregularity measures: the irregularity index by Albertson, the total irregularity, the variance of vertex degrees, and the Collatz–Sinogowitz index. Through the means of graph structural analysis and derivation, we study the above-mentioned irregularity measures of several chemical molecular graphs that frequently appear in chem

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40

Löffelsender, Sarah, Peter Schwerdtfeger, Stefan Grimme, and Jan-Michael Mewes. "It’s Complicated: On Relativistic Effects and Periodic Trends in the Melting and Boiling Points of the Group 11 Coinage Metals." Journal of the American Chemical Society 144, no. 1 (2021): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c10881.

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41

Zhao, Weidong, K. Julietraja, P. Venugopal, and Xiujun Zhang. "VDB Entropy Measures and Irregularity-Based Indices for the Rectangular Kekulene System." Journal of Mathematics 2021 (December 14, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7404529.

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Theoretical chemists are fascinated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) because of their unique electromagnetic and other significant properties, such as superaromaticity. The study of PAHs has been steadily increasing because of their wide-ranging applications in several fields, like steel manufacturing, shale oil extraction, coal gasification, production of coke, tar distillation, and nanosciences. Topological indices (TIs) are numerical quantities that give a mathematical expression for the chemical structures. They are useful and cost-effective tools for predicting the properties of

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42

Yu, Guofeng, Shahid Zaman, Mah Jabeen, and Xuewu Zuo. "The study of pentagonal chain with respect to schultz index, modified schultz index, schultz polynomial and modified schultz polynomial." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0304695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0304695.

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Distance-based topological indices are numerical parameters that are derived from the distances between atoms in a molecular structure, and they provide a quantitative measure of the topology and geometry of a molecule. The distance-based topological indices uses to predict various properties of molecules, including their boiling points, melting points, and solubility. It also predicts the biological activity of molecules, including their pharmacological and toxicological properties. Pentagonal chain molecules are organic compounds that consist of a linear chain of five-membered (pentagons) co

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43

Piyali, Ghosh, Basu Saumya, Karmakar Somnath, and Mandal Bholanath. "Schematic generation of characteristic polynomials and the Hosoya indices of mono- and di-substituted polymer graphs of linear chains and cycles." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 91, Mar 2014 (2014): 503–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5717684.

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Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713 104, West Bengal, India <em>E-mail </em>: piyali1979@gmail.com, saumya.basu@rediffmail.com, skarmakarbu@rediffmail.com, bmandal_05@yahoo.com Fax : 91-342-2567938 <em>Manuscript received online 30 March 2013, accepted 17 June 2013</em> The graphs of polymer chains (such as, chain with two pendant vertices at one end and chain with two pendant vertices at each end) and of cycles (such as, cycle with one pendant vertex and cycle with two adjacent pendant vertices) have been considered. Algorithms have been developed for expressing of

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44

Li, Tse Chang, and Jen Fin Lin. "A Plasma Spray Coating for Titanium Particles Using Software Simulation." Key Engineering Materials 661 (September 2015): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.661.149.

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In the present study, a plasma spray coating for titanium particles was studied using software simulations. The governing equations to solve the velocity and temperature distributions of plasma flow and titanium particles considered the effects of electric/magnetic inductions. Seven controlling factors were included in order to investigate their effects on the velocity and temperature of titanium particles colliding with the specimen substrate and the colliding scope of the effective particle depositions. The velocity and temperature distributions of the plasma flow predicted in the present st

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45

Zhao, Dongming, Zahid Iqbal, Rida Irfan, et al. "Comparison of Irregularity Indices of Several Dendrimers Structures." Processes 7, no. 10 (2019): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100662.

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Irregularity indices are usually used for quantitative characterization of the topological structures of non-regular graphs. In numerous problems and applications, especially in the fields of chemistry and material engineering, it is useful to be aware of the irregularity of a molecular structure. Furthermore, the evaluation of the irregularity of graphs is valuable not only for quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies but also for various physical and chemical properties, including entropy, enthalpy of vaporization, me

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46

Li, Hengde, Hidenori Higashi, and Kazuhiro Tamura. "Estimation of boiling and melting points of light, heavy and complex hydrocarbons by means of a modified group vector space method." Fluid Phase Equilibria 239, no. 2 (2006): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2005.11.004.

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47

Gao, Wei, Muhammad Aamir, Zahid Iqbal, Muhammad Ishaq, and Adnan Aslam. "On Irregularity Measures of Some Dendrimers Structures." Mathematics 7, no. 3 (2019): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math7030271.

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A graph is said to be a regular graph if all its vertices have the same degree, otherwise, it is irregular. Irregularity indices are usually used for quantitative characterization of the topological structure of non-regular graphs. In numerous applications and problems in material engineering and chemistry, it is useful to be aware that how irregular a molecular structure is? Furthermore, evaluations of the irregularity of underline molecular graphs could be valuable for QSAR/QSPR studies, and for the expressive determines of chemical and physical properties, such as enthalpy of vaporization,

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48

Nor Hashim, Nor Zakiah, and Zaidi Embong. "The Function of Organic Additives in Enhancing the Q-values for Peat Pellet Biofuel." ASM Science Journal 16 (November 5, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32802/asmscj.2021.935.

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In Malaysia, peat make up for around 7.5 % of the entire land area. The positive effect of the vast wet organic compounds accumulates over a long time has stored high content of soil’s carbon which are highly useful as fuel and biomass energy generation. Thus, this study gives an outline of peat pellet as potential biofuel energy. The peat pellets were soaked into several kinds of flammable additives such as petrol, kerosene and diesel. The percentages of 69.41 % of carbon, 28.73% of oxygen and 0.97% of silicon were obtained using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The Fourier-Transformed Infrared

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Zheng, Jialin, Shehnaz Akhter, Zahid Iqbal, et al. "Irregularity Measures of Subdivision Vertex-Edge Join of Graphs." Journal of Chemistry 2021 (January 18, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6673221.

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The study of graphs and networks accomplished by topological measures plays an applicable task to obtain their hidden topologies. This procedure has been greatly used in cheminformatics, bioinformatics, and biomedicine, where estimations based on graph invariants have been made available for effectively communicating with the different challenging tasks. Irregularity measures are mostly used for the characterization of the nonregular graphs. In several applications and problems in various areas of research like material engineering and chemistry, it is helpful to be well-informed about the irr

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Pan, Zhenzhong, Bo Cui, Zhanghua Zeng, et al. "Lambda-Cyhalothrin Nanosuspension Prepared by the Melt Emulsification-High Pressure Homogenization Method." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/123496.

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The nanosuspension of 5% lambda-cyhalothrin with 0.2% surfactants was prepared by the melt emulsification-high pressure homogenization method. The surfactants composition, content, and homogenization process were optimized. The anionic surfactant (1-dodecanesulfonic acid sodium salt) and polymeric surfactant (maleic rosin-polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate) screened from 12 types of commercially common-used surfactants were used to prepare lambda-cyhalothrin nanosuspension with high dispersity and stability. The mean particle size and polydispersity index of the nanosuspension we

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