Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs).

Journal articles on the topic 'Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs).'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Giesbrecht, Patrick K., Astrid M. Müller, Carlos G. Read, Steven Holdcroft, Nathan S. Lewis, and Michael S. Freund. "Vapor-fed electrolysis of water using earth-abundant catalysts in Nafion or in bipolar Nafion/poly(benzimidazolium) membranes." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 3, no. 12 (2019): 3611–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9se00672a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Parrondo, Javier, Chitturi Venkateswara Rao, Sundara L. Ghatty, and B. Rambabu. "Electrochemical Performance Measurements of PBI-Based High-Temperature PEMFCs." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/261065.

Full text

Abstract:

Acid-doped poly(2,2′-m-phenylene-5,5′-bibenzimidazole) membranes have been prepared and used to assemble membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) with various contents of PBI (1–30 wt.%) in the gas diffusion electrode (GDE). The MEAs were tested in the temperature range of140∘C–200∘C showing that the PBI content in the electrocatalyst layer influences strongly the electrochemical performance of the fuel cell. The MEAs were assembled using polyphosphoric acid doped PBI membranes having conductivities of 0.1 Scm−1at180∘C. The ionic resistance of the cathode decreased from 0.29 to 0.14 Ohm-cm2(180∘C) when the content of PBI is varied from 1 to 10 wt.%. Similarly, the mass transfer resistance or Warburg impedance increased 2.5 times, reaching values of 6 Ohm-cm2. 5 wt.% PBI-based MEA showed the best performance. The electrochemical impedance measurements were in good agreement with the fuel cell polarization curves obtained, and the optimum performance was obtained when overall resistance was minimal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hwang, Sun-Mi, YongMan Choi, Min Gyu Kim, Young-Jun Sohn, Jae Yeong Cheon, Sang Hoon Joo, Sung-Dae Yim, et al. "Enhancement of oxygen reduction reaction activities by Pt nanoclusters decorated on ordered mesoporous porphyrinic carbons." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 16 (2016): 5869–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09915c.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Fang, Liang, Li Sheng, Xiaoxia Guo, Jianhua Fang, and Zi-Feng Ma. "Fuel Cell Characteristics of the Membrane Electrode Assemblies using Phosphoric Acid-doped Poly[2,2’-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5’-bibenzimidazole] Membranes." Journal of New Materials for Electrochemical Systems 14, no. 3 (April 15, 2011): 159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14447/jnmes.v14i3.104.

Full text

Abstract:

The membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) based on phosphoric acid (PA)-doped poly[2,2’-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5’-bibenzimidazole] (OPBI) membranes were prepared for the high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, and the moderate molecular weight poly[2,2’-(m-phenylene)-5,5’-bibenzimidazole] (mPBI) with good solubility in aprotic solvents was synthesized and utilized as the binder in catalyst layers for the first time. The hot press and the components in catalyst layers that affected the performances of MEAs were studied. The cell performance evaluation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were carried out at temperatures ranging from 80 to 160 °C in a single cell setup. It was found that the prepared OPBI and the moderate molecular weight mPBI with high solubilities of polybenzimidazole could facilitate and simplify the preparation of MEAs. The novel MEAs using the PA-doped OPBI membranes and moderate molecular weight mPBI exhibited good performances in the polarization tests, constant current tests, and temperature cycle tests, which were comparable with those traditional MEAs using the PA-doped mPBI.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Büsselmann, Julian, Maren Rastedt, Tomas Klicpera, Karsten Reinwald, Henrike Schmies, Alexander Dyck, and Peter Wagner. "Analysis of HT-PEM MEAs’ Long-Term Stabilities." Energies 13, no. 3 (January 24, 2020): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030567.

Full text

Abstract:

Despite the great advantages of high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells over the low-temperature (LT) PEM alternative, such as enhanced reaction kinetics and higher tolerance against impurities like CO due to the higher operation temperature, the achievement of high lifetimes still remains a challenge. In order to improve the durability of the fuel cell, extensive research has been carried out on alternatives for the individual components. For this reason, this paper conducted extended long-term tests with three three membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) from one manufacturer under different operational scenarios. The MEAs differed mainly by the membranes used and showed significantly different behaviors. While the first MEA reached the end of life already after 2600 h, the second one could pass 9800 h almost without any problems. The third MEA proved resistant to adverse conditions. For all three MEAs, extensive electrochemical characterizations and μ-CT examinations for the analysis of long-term stability are shown.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Su, Dong Yun, Jun Ma, and Hai Kun Pu. "The Research of Nafion/PTFE/Inorganic Composite Membrane Used in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (January 2014): 927–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.927.

Full text

Abstract:

PTFE/Nafion (PN) membranes were fabricated for the application of moderate and high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), respectively. Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were fabricated by PTFE/Nafion membranes with commercially available low and high temperature gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs).The influence of [ZrOCl2]/[Nafio wt. ratio of Nafion/ZrOCl2 solution on the membrane morphology of NFZrP and PEMFCs performance was investigated. And the influence of hybridizing silicate into the PN membranes on their direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) performance and methanol crossover was investigated. Silicate in PN membranes causes reduction both in proton conductivity and methanol crossover of membranes. Due to the low conductivity of PTFE and silicate, PNS had a higher proton resistance than Nafion-112.The effects of introducing sub-μm porous PTFE film and ZrP particles into Nafion membranes on the DMFC performance were investigated. The influence of ZrP hybridizing process into NF membranes on the morphology of NFZrP composite membranes and thus on the DMFC performance was also discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Sievers, Gustav W., Anders W. Jensen, Volker Brüser, Matthias Arenz, and María Escudero-Escribano. "Sputtered Platinum Thin-films for Oxygen Reduction in Gas Diffusion Electrodes: A Model System for Studies under Realistic Reaction Conditions." Surfaces 2, no. 2 (April 28, 2019): 336–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces2020025.

Full text

Abstract:

The development of catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in low-temperature fuel cells depends on efficient and accurate electrochemical characterization methods. Currently, two primary techniques exist: rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements in half-cells with liquid electrolyte and single cell tests with membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). While the RDE technique allows for rapid catalyst benchmarking, it is limited to electrode potentials far from operating fuel cells. On the other hand, MEAs can provide direct performance data at realistic conditions but require specialized equipment and large quantities of catalyst, making them less ideal for early-stage development. Using sputtered platinum thin-film electrodes, we show that gas diffusion electrode (GDE) half-cells can be used as an intermediate platform for rapid benchmarking at fuel-cell relevant current densities (~1 A cm−2). Furthermore, we demonstrate how different parameters (loading, electrolyte concentration, humidification, and Nafion membrane) influence the performance of unsupported platinum catalysts. The specific activity could be measured independent of the applied loading at potentials down to 0.80 VRHE reaching a value of 0.72 mA cm−2 at 0.9 VRHE in the GDE. By comparison with RDE measurements and Pt/C measurements, we establish the importance of catalyst characterization under realistic reaction conditions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Weng, Lien-Chun, Alexis T. Bell, and Adam Z. Weber. "A systematic analysis of Cu-based membrane-electrode assemblies for CO2 reduction through multiphysics simulation." Energy & Environmental Science 13, no. 10 (2020): 3592–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ee01604g.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Toudret, Pierre, Jean-François Blachot, Marie Heitzmann, and Pierre-André Jacques. "Impact of the Cathode Layer Printing Process on the Performance of MEA Integrating PGM Free Catalyst." Catalysts 11, no. 6 (May 24, 2021): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11060669.

Full text

Abstract:

In this work, platinum group metal (PGM) free-based cathode active layers were prepared using different printing techniques. The membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) integrate a PGM free catalyst based on Fe, N and C atoms at the cathode side. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of MEA cross sections showed the strong impact of the fabrication process on the cathode structure, the porosity and the ionomer repartition. The MEAs were characterized in a 25 cm2 single cell using cyclic voltammetry under H2/N2. The performance of the MEAs and the double layer capacity of the cathodes were also shown to be linked to the process used. The comparison of the electrochemical accessible surface of the catalyst and of its surface area (SBET) led to the determination of a utilization factor. The coated membrane (CCM) made using the decal transfer process gives the best performances.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Gatto, I., A. Saccà, A. Carbone, R. Pedicini, and E. Passalacqua. "MEAs for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) Working at Medium Temperature." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 3, no. 3 (February 8, 2006): 361–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2217959.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently, the CNR-ITAE activity has been addressed to the components development (electrodes and membranes) able to work in medium temperature PEFCs (80-130°C). One of the main problems to work at these temperatures is the proton conductivity loss due to a not full hydration of the membrane. For this reason a study on the modification of perfluorosulphonic membranes (like Nafion) was carried out by introducing different percentages of inorganic oxides (like SiO2, ZrO2) in the polymer matrix. These compounds have the function to improve the properties of the materials at high temperature due to their characteristics of softly proton conductor and/or hygroscopicity. The membranes were prepared by the Doctor-Blade casting technique that permits a good check of the thickness and a good reproducibility. A commercial ZrO2 was used to prepare the membranes varying the inorganic amount between 3 and 20wt%. The most promising results were obtained at 120°C with a Nafion-recast membrane loaded with a 10wt%ZrO2; a power density value of about 330mW∕cm2 at 0.6V was reached. On the other side, an optimization of the electrode structure was carried out, by introducing the inorganic oxide in the catalyst layer in order to improve the performance in the range of considered temperature. By using a spray technique, thin film electrodes with a Pt loading of 0.5mg∕cm2 in the catalyst layer, low PTFE content in the diffusion layer and a 30% Pt/Vulcan (E-Tek, Inc.) as an electro catalyst were prepared. Different amounts of ZrO2 were introduced in the catalytic layer of the electrodes to increase the working temperature and help the water management of the fuel cell. These electrodes assembled to the modified membrane have shown a better performance at higher cell temperature than standard MEA with a power density of about 330mWcm−2 at 130°C.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Lim, Seohee, and Jin-Soo Park. "Composite Membranes Using Hydrophilized Porous Substrates for Hydrogen Based Energy Conversion." Energies 13, no. 22 (November 21, 2020): 6101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13226101.

Full text

Abstract:

Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) porous substrate-reinforced composite membranes for energy conversion technologies are prepared and characterized. In particular, we develop a new hydrophilic treatment method by in-situ biomimetic silicification for PTFE substrates having high porosity (60–80%) since it is difficult to impregnate ionomer into strongly hydrophobic PTFE porous substrates for the preparation of composite membranes. The thinner substrate having ~5 μm treated by the gallic acid/(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)diethylenetriamine solution with the incubation time of 30 min shows the best hydrophilic treatment result in terms of contact angle. In addition, the composite membranes using the porous substrates show the highest proton conductivity and the lowest water uptake and swelling ratio. Membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) using the composite membranes (thinner and lower proton conductivity) and Nafion 212 (thicker and higher proton conductivity), which have similar areal resistance, are compared in I–V polarization curves. The I–V polarization curves of two MEAs in activation and Ohmic region are very identical. However, higher mass transport limitation is observed for Nafion 212 since the composite membrane with less thickness than Nafion 212 would result in higher back diffusion of water and mitigate cathode flooding.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Lutful Kabir, M. D., Subir Paul, Sang-June Choi, and Hee Jin Kim. "Improved Electrochemical and Mechanical Properties of Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)/Nafion® Membrane for Fuel Cell Applications." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 7793–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18979.

Full text

Abstract:

A novel blend of membranes made of Nafion® and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) was prepared and characterized to investigate its applicability in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In addition to being effectively proton conductive, the membranes exhibited better mechanical strength, chemical stability, and adequate water retention ability, as well as ion exchange capacity comparable to that of cast Nafion® membrane. The data obtained from an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) fitting of the fuel cells revealed the membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) made of 0.5 wt.% PVP/Nafion® had lower ohmic and charge transfer resistance compared with that of the Nafion® membrane. The intermolecular interactions and morphology of these membranes were assessed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. The results of the performance curve indicate that the introduction of PVP as a modifier played a vital role in improving membrane performance. Accordingly, this solution-casted polymer electrolyte membrane with suitable PVP content offers a simple way to improve electrochemical, mechanical, and chemical properties, and thereby promises the prospect of use in low-temperature PEMFCs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Siracusano, Stefania, Stefano Trocino, Nicola Briguglio, Vincenzo Baglio, and Antonino Aricò. "Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Diagnostic Tool in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Electrolysis." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 1368. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081368.

Full text

Abstract:

Membrane–electrode assemblies (MEAs) designed for a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) water electrolyser based on a short-side chain (SSC) perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane, Aquivion®, and an advanced Ir-Ru oxide anode electro-catalyst, with various cathode and anode noble metal loadings, were investigated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), in combination with performance and durability tests, provided useful information to identify rate-determining steps and to quantify the impact of the different phenomena on the electrolysis efficiency and stability characteristics as a function of the MEA properties. This technique appears to be a useful diagnostic tool to individuate different phenomena and to quantify their effect on the performance and degradation of PEM electrolysis cells.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Zavorotnaya, Ulyana M., Igor I. Ponomarev, Yulia A. Volkova, Alexander D. Modestov, Vladimir N. Andreev, Alexei F. Privalov, Michael Vogel, and Vitaly V. Sinitsyn. "Preparation and Study of Sulfonated Co-Polynaphthoyleneimide Proton-Exchange Membrane for a H2/Air Fuel Cell." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 5297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225297.

Full text

Abstract:

The sulfonated polynaphthoyleneimide polymer (co-PNIS70/30) was prepared by copolymerization of 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether-2,2′-disulfonic acid (ODAS) and 4,4’-methylenebisanthranilic acid (MDAC) with ODAS/MDAC molar ratio 0.7/0.3. High molecular weight co-PNIS70/30 polymers were synthesized either in phenol or in DMSO by catalytic polyheterocyclization in the presence of benzoic acid and triethylamine. The titration reveals the ion-exchange capacity of the polymer equal to 2.13 meq/g. The membrane films were prepared by casting polymer solution. Conductivities of the polymer films were determined using both in- and through-plane geometries and reached ~96 and ~60 mS/cm, respectively. The anisotropy of the conductivity is ascribed to high hydration of the surface layer compared to the bulk. SFG NMR diffusometry shows that, in the temperature range from 213 to 353 K, the 1H self-diffusion coefficient of the co-PNIS70/30 membrane is about one third of the diffusion coefficient of Nafion® at the same humidity. However, temperature dependences of proton conductivities of Nafion® and of co-PNIS70/30 membranes are nearly identical. Membrane–electrode assemblies (MEAs) based on co-PNIS70/30 were fabricated by different procedures. The optimal MEAs with co-PNIS70/30 membranes are characterized by maximum output power of ~370 mW/cm2 at 80 °C. It allows considering sulfonated co-PNIS70/30 polynaphthoyleneimides membrane attractive for practical applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Tullius, Vietja, Marco Zobel, and Alexander Dyck. "Development of a Heuristic Control Algorithm for Detection and Regeneration of CO Poisoned LT-PEMFC Stacks in Stationary Applications." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 7, 2020): 4648. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184648.

Full text

Abstract:

Combined heat and power (CHP) systems based on low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (LT-PEMFC) technology are suspected to CO poisoning on the anode side. The fuel cell CO sensitivity increases with ongoing operation time leading to high performance losses. In this paper we present the development of detection and regeneration algorithm based on air bleed to minimize voltage losses due to CO poisoning. Therefore, CO sensitivity tests with two short stacks with different operation time will be analyzed and the test results of aged membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) will be presented for the first time. Additionally, the first results of the algorithm in operation will be shown.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Nogalska, Adrianna, Andreu Bonet Navarro, and Ricard Garcia-Valls. "MEA Preparation for Direct Formate/Formic Acid Fuel Cell—Comparison of Palladium Black and Palladium Supported on Activated Carbon Performance on Power Generation in Passive Fuel Cell." Membranes 10, no. 11 (November 19, 2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10110355.

Full text

Abstract:

Membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) with palladium catalysts were successfully prepared by using a home-made manual pressing system with Nafion glue application that contributed to a decrease of additional energy consumption. The catalyst coated membranes were prepared with supported palladium on activated carbon (PdC) and unsupported palladium black (PdB) for comparison. The performance of passive, air breathing, functioning under ambient conditions and with low concentration (1 M) formate/formic acid fuel cell was evaluated. Based on polarization curves, the best result was obtained with carbon supported catalyst and HCOOK fuel, achieving 21.01 mW/mgPd. Still, constant current discharge with PdC showed an energy generation efficiency of 14% with HCOOH over 3% with HCOOK caused by lower potassium ion conductivity and its permeability through the proton exchange membrane. The faradic efficiency of conversion in the cell is equal to the overall energy efficiency and makes the cell self-sufficient.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Tamaki, Yushi, and Kimihiko Sugiura. "Influence of the Catalyst Layer Structure Formed by Inkjet Coating Printer on PEFC Performance." Polymers 13, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13060899.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, we investigated the influence of the Catalyst-Layer (CL) structure on Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell (PEFC) performance using an inkjet coating printer, and we especially focused on the CL thickness and the electrode area. In order to evaluate the influence of CL thickness, we prepared four Membrane Electrode Assemblies (MEAs), which have one, four, five and six CLs, respectively, and evaluated it by an overpotential analysis. As a result, the overpotentials of an activation and a diffusion increased with the increase of thickness of CL. From Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, because platinum twines most ionomers and precipitates, the CL separates into a layer of platinum with a big grain aggregate ionomer and the mixing layer of platinum and ionomer during the catalyst ink drying process. Consequently, the activation overpotential increased because the three-phase interface was not able to be formed sufficiently. The gas diffusivity of the multilayer catalyst electrode was worse than that of a single layer MEA. The influence of the electrode area was examined by two MEAs with 1 and 9 cm2 of electrode area. As a result, the diffusion overpotential of 9 cm2 MEA was worse than 1 cm2 MEA. The generated condensate was multiplied and moved to the downstream side, and thereafter it caused the flooding/plugging phenomena.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Berns, Beatriz A., Mariana F. Torres, Vânia B. Oliveira, and Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto. "Performance of passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell: modelling and experimental studies." U.Porto Journal of Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 6, 2017): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-6493_001.001_0009.

Full text

Abstract:

Low methanol and water crossover with high methanol concentrations are essential requirements for a passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) to be used in portable applications. Therefore, it is extremely important to clearly understand and study the effect of the different operating and configuration parameters on the cell’s performance and both methanol and water crossover. In the present work, a detailed experimental study on the performance of an in-house developed passive DMFC with 25 cm2 of active membrane area is described. Tailored membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) with different structures and combinations of gas diffusion layers (GDL) and membranes, were tested in order to select optimal working conditions at high methanol concentration levels without sacrificing performance. The experimental polarization curves were successfully compared with the predictions of a steady state, one-dimensional model accounting for coupled heat and mass transfer, along with the electrochemical reactions occurring in the passive DMFC developed by the same authors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Jienkulsawad, Prathak, Yong-Song Chen, and Amornchai Arpornwichanop. "Modifying the Catalyst Layer Using Polyvinyl Alcohol for the Performance Improvement of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells under Low Humidity Operations." Polymers 12, no. 9 (August 19, 2020): 1865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12091865.

Full text

Abstract:

A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system for the application of unmanned aerial vehicles is equipped without humidifiers and the cathode channels of the stack are open to the environment due to limited weight available for power sources. As a result, the PEMFC is operated under low humidity conditions, causing membrane dehydration, low performance, and degradation. To keep the generated water within the fuel cell to humidify the membrane, in this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is employed in the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). The effect of PVA content, either sprayed on the gas diffusion layer (GDL) or mixed in the catalyst layer (CL), on the MEA performance is compared under various humidity conditions. The results show that MEA performance is increased with the addition of PVA either on the GDL or in the CL, especially for non-humidified anode conditions. The result suggested that 0.03% PVA in the anode CL and 0.1% PVA on the GDL can improve the MEA performance by approximately 30%, under conditions of a non-humidified anode and a room-temperature-humidified cathode. However, MEAs with PVA in the anode CL show better durability than those with PVA on the GDL according to measurement with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Nondudule, Zikhona, Jessica Chamier, and Mahabubur Chowdhury. "Effect of Stratification of Cathode Catalyst Layers on Durability of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Energies 14, no. 10 (May 20, 2021): 2975. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14102975.

Full text

Abstract:

To decrease the cost of fuel cell manufacturing, the amount of platinum (Pt) in the catalyst layer needs to be reduced. In this study, ionomer gradient membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) were designed to reduce Pt loading without sacrificing performance and lifetime. A two-layer stratification of the cathode was achieved with varying ratios of 28 wt. % ionomer in the inner layer, on the membrane, and 24 wt. % on the outer layer, coated onto the inner layer. To study the MEA performance, the electrochemical surface area (ECSA), polarization curves, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) responses were evaluated under 20, 60, and 100% relative humidity (RH). The stratified MEA Pt loading was reduced by 12% while maintaining commercial equivalent performance. The optimal two-layer design was achieved when the Pt loading ratio between the layers was 1:6 (inner:outer layer). This MEA showed the highest ECSA and performance at 0.65 V with reduced mass transport losses. The integrity of stratified MEAs with lower Pt loading was evaluated with potential cycling and proved more durable than the monolayer MEA equivalent. The higher ionomer loading adjacent to the membrane and the bi-layer interface of the stratified catalyst layer (CL) increased moisture in the cathode CL, decreasing the degradation rate. Using ionomer stratification to decrease the Pt loading in an MEA yielded a better performance compared to the monolayer MEA design. This study, therefore, contributes to the development of more durable, cost-effective MEAs for low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Hamo, Eliran, Avichay Raviv, and Brian A. Rosen. "Influence of Nanocrystalline Palladium Morphology on Alkaline Oxygen Reduction Kinetics." Catalysts 9, no. 7 (June 26, 2019): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9070566.

Full text

Abstract:

The structure sensitivity of the alkaline oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on palladium is of great interest as cost considerations drive the need to find a replacement for platinum catalysts. The kinetics of alkaline ORR were investigated on nanocrystalline palladium (Pd) films with domain sizes between 14 and 30 nm that were synthesized by electrodeposition from aqueous electrolytes. Ten Pd films were prepared under varying electrodeposition parameters leading to each having a unique texture and morphology. The sensitivity of initial alkaline ORR kinetics to the Pd surface structure was evaluated by measuring the kinetic current density and number of electrons transferred for each film. We show through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and voltammetry from rotating disc electrodes (RDEs) that the fastest alkaline ORR kinetics are found on Pd surfaces with high surface roughness, which themselves are composed of fine grains. Such a study is useful for developing membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) based on directly electrodepositing catalyst onto a conductive diffusion layer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Jeon, Sunyeol, Jisun Lee, Gema M. Rios, Hyoung-Juhn Kim, Sang-Yeop Lee, EunAe Cho, Tae-Hoon Lim, and Jong Hyun Jang. "Effect of ionomer content and relative humidity on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance of membrane-electrode assemblies (MEAs) prepared by decal transfer method." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35, no. 18 (September 2010): 9678–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.06.044.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Jung, Guo-Bin, Ay Su, Cheng-Hsin Tu, and Fang-Bor Weng. "Effect of Operating Parameters on the DMFC Performance." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (August 20, 2004): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1840887.

Full text

Abstract:

Methanol crossover largely affects the efficiency of power generation in the direct methanol fuel cell. As the methanol crosses over through the membrane, the methanol oxidizes at the cathode, resulting in low fuel utilization and in a serious overpotential loss. In this study, the commercial membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) are investigated with different operating conditions such as membrane thickness, cell temperature, and methanol solution concentration. The effects of these parameters on methanol crossover and power density are studied. With the same membrane, increasing the cell temperature promotes the cell performance as expected, and the lower methanol concentration causes the concentration polarization effects, thus resulting in lower cell performance. Although higher methanol solution concentration can overcome the concentration polarization, a serious methanol crossover decreases the cell performance at high cell temperature. In this study, the open circuit voltage (OCV) is inversely proportional to methanol solution concentration, and is proportional to membrane thickness and cell temperature. Although increasing membrane thickness lowers the degree of methanol crossover, on the other hand, the ohmic resistance increases simultaneously. Therefore, the cell performance using Nafion 117 as membrane is lower than that of Nafion 112. In addition, the performance of the MEA made in our laboratory is higher than the commercial product, indicating the capability of manufacturing MEA is acceptable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Yu, Tzyy-Lung Leon, and Hsiu-Li Lin. "Preparation of PBI/H3PO4-PTFE Composite Membranes for High Temperature Fuel Cells." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 3, no. 1 (February 16, 2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01003010001.

Full text

Abstract:

The poly(benzimidazole) (PBI)/ poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) composite membrane was prepared by impregnating a porous PTFE thin film in a PBI solution N,N’-dimethyl acetamide (DMAc) solution mixed with LiCl. LiCl was used as a stabilizer to avoid aggregations of PBI molecules in the DMAc solutions. In this paper, we report a 2 mg/ml PBI/ DMAc/ LiCl solution with a [LiCl]/[BI] molar ratio of ~8.0 (i.e. the LiCl/PBI is ~ 1.1 in wt ratio, where [BI] is the concentration of benzimidazole repeat unit in the solution) has a lowest PBI polymer aggregations and thus a lowest solutions viscosity. The PBI membrane and PBI/PTFE composite membrane prepared from the PBI/DMAc/LiCl solution with a [LiCl]/[BI] molar ratio of ~8.0 were used to dop H3PO4 and prepare membrane electrode assemblies (MEA). The unit cell performances of these MEAs were carried out at 150oC. Owing to the high mechanical strength of porous PTFE, the thickness of PBI/H3PO4-PTFE composite membrane is allowed to be lower than that of a PBI/H3PO4 membrane. The lower thickness of PBI/H3PO4-PTFE membrane than that of PBI/H3PO4 membrane results in a lower resistance of PBI/H3PO4-PTFE than PBI/H3PO4. Thus the MEA prepared from PBI/H3PO4-PTFE has a better fuel cell performance than that prepared from PBI.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Gurau, Vladimir, and Emory De Castro. "Prediction of Performance Variation Caused by Manufacturing Tolerances and Defects in Gas Diffusion Electrodes of Phosphoric Acid (PA)–Doped Polybenzimidazole (PBI)-Based High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Energies 13, no. 6 (March 13, 2020): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13061345.

Full text

Abstract:

The automated process of coating catalyst layers on gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells results inherently into a number of defects. These defects consist of agglomerates in which the platinum sites cannot be accessed by phosphoric acid and which are the consequence of an inconsistent coating, uncoated regions, scratches, knots, blemishes, folds, or attached fine particles—all ranging from μm to mm size. These electrochemically inactive spots cause a reduction of the effective catalyst area per unit volume (cm2/cm3) and determine a drop in fuel cell performance. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is presented that predicts performance variation caused by manufacturing tolerances and defects of the GDE and which enables the creation of a six-sigma product specification for Advent phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI)-based membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). The model was used to predict the total volume of defects that would cause a 10% drop in performance. It was found that a 10% performance drop at the nominal operating regime would be caused by uniformly distributed defects totaling 39% of the catalyst layer volume (~0.5 defects/μm2). The study provides an upper bound for the estimation of the impact of the defect location on performance drop. It was found that the impact on the local current density is higher when the defect is located closer to the interface with the membrane. The local current density decays less than 2% in the presence of an isolated defect, regardless of its location along the active area of the catalyst layer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Bunazawa, Hideaki, and Yohtaro Yamazaki. "Influence of anion ionomer content and silver cathode catalyst on the performance of alkaline membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs)." Journal of Power Sources 182, no. 1 (July 2008): 48–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.03.068.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Simon Araya, Samuel, Sobi Thomas, Andrej Lotrič, Simon Lennart Sahlin, Vincenzo Liso, and Søren Juhl Andreasen. "Effects of Impurities on Pre-Doped and Post-Doped Membranes for High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stacks." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 21, 2021): 2994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14112994.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we experimentally investigated two high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) stacks for their response to the presence of reformate impurities in an anode gas stream. The investigation was aimed at characterizing the effects of reformate impurities at the stack level, including in humidified conditions and identifying fault features for diagnosis purposes. Two HT-PEMFC stacks of 37 cells each with active areas of 165 cm2 were used with one stack containing a pre-doped membrane with a woven gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the other containing a post-doped membrane with non-woven GDL. Polarization curves and galvanostatic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used for characterization. We found that both N2 dilution and impurities in the anode feed affected mainly the charge transfer losses, especially on the anode side. We also found that humidification alleviated the poisoning effects of the impurities in the stack with pre-doped membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) and woven GDL but had detrimental effects on the stack with post-doped MEAs and non-woven GDL. We demonstrated that pure and dry hydrogen operation at the end of the tests resulted in significant recovery of the performance losses due to impurities for both stacks even after the humidified reformate operation. This implies that there was only limited acid loss during the test period of around 150 h for each stack.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Leon Yu, Tzyy-Lung, Hsiu-Li Lin, Po-Hao Su, and Guan-Wen Wang. "Structures of Membrane Electrode Assembly Catalyst Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal 5, no. 1 (July 10, 2012): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876973x01205010028.

Full text

Abstract:

In this paper, we modify the conventional 5-layer membrane electrode assembly (MEA, in which a proton exchange membrane (PEM) is located at its center, two Pt-C-40 (Pt on carbon powder support, Pt content 40 wt.%) catalyst layers (CLs) are located on the surfaces of the both sides of the PEM and two gas diffusion layers (GDLs) are attached next on the outer surfaces of two Pt-C-40 layers) and propose 7-layer and 9-layer MEAs by coating thin Pt-black CLs at the interfaces between the Pt-C-40 layer and the GDL and between the PEM and the Pt-C-40 layer and reducing the Pt-C-40 loading. The reduced Pt loading quantity of the Pt-C-40 layer is equal to the increased Pt loading quantity of the Pt-black layer, thus the total amount of Pt loadings in the unmodified conventional MEA and the modified MEAs are at a fixed Pt loading quantity. These modified MEAs may complicate the manufacture process. The main advantage of these 7- and 9-layer MEAs is the thinner CL thickness and thus lower CL proton transport resistance. Because of the thin Pt-black layer thickness in MEA, we avoid agglomeration of the Pt-black particles and maintain high Pt catalytic activity. We show these new CL structure MEAs have better fuel cells performance than the conventional 5-layer MEA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Linnartz, Christian J., Alexandra Rommerskirchen, Joanna Walker, Janis Plankermann-Hajduk, Niklas Köller, and Matthias Wessling. "Membrane-electrode assemblies for flow-electrode capacitive deionization." Journal of Membrane Science 605 (June 2020): 118095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118095.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Bharti, Abha, and Rajalakshmi Natarajan. "Recovery of expensive Pt/C catalysts from the end-of-life membrane electrode assembly of proton exchange membrane fuel cells." RSC Advances 10, no. 58 (2020): 35057–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra06640k.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Mayerhöfer, Britta, David McLaughlin, Thomas Böhm, Manuel Hegelheimer, Dominik Seeberger, and Simon Thiele. "Bipolar Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Water Electrolysis." ACS Applied Energy Materials 3, no. 10 (July 30, 2020): 9635–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.0c01127.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Linkhorst, John, Korcan Percin, Stefanie Kriescher, and Matthias Wessling. "Laserless Additive Manufacturing of Membrane Electrode Assemblies." ChemElectroChem 4, no. 11 (August 10, 2017): 2760–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/celc.201700459.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Wang, Xing Xing, Zhi Yang Li, Yu Zhu, Ming Yu Huang, and Hong Jun Ni. "Effect of Molding Temperature Conditions upon Titanium Mesh MEA Performance for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." Advanced Materials Research 684 (April 2013): 347–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.684.347.

Full text

Abstract:

. In order to obtain suitable titanium mesh MEA (membrane electrode assembly) for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) molding temperature conditions, titanium mesh was used as electrode substrate material, Nafion 117 membrane was used as proton exchange membrane, PtRu/XC-72R and Pt/XC-72R were used as anode catalyst and cathode catalyst respectively, anode and cathode of titanium mesh MEA were prepared by drop-coating method. When the MEAs were molded by hot-pressing under 5 MPa for 180 s with different temperatures of 115°C, 135°C and 155°C, respectively, the maximum power density of Ti mesh-based MEAs increases firstly, after the first peak, it gradually decreases along with the increase of molding pressure conditions, and the maximum power density appears at the molding temperature of 135°C, so conclude that molding temperature of 135°C is more appropriate for making the titanium mesh MEA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Huslage, Jörg, Timo Rager, Bernhard Schnyder, and Akinori Tsukada. "Radiation-grafted membrane/electrode assemblies with improved interface." Electrochimica Acta 48, no. 3 (December 2002): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4686(02)00621-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Bender, Guido, Thomas A. Zawodzinski, and Andrew P. Saab. "Fabrication of high precision PEFC membrane electrode assemblies." Journal of Power Sources 124, no. 1 (October 2003): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00735-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Stariha, Sarah, Kateryna Artyushkova, Alexey Serov, and Plamen Atanassov. "Non-PGM membrane electrode assemblies: Optimization for performance." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 40, no. 42 (November 2015): 14676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.05.185.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Suvorov, Alexander P., John Elter, Rhonda Staudt, Robert Hamm, Gregory J. Tudryn, Linda Schadler, and Glenn Eisman. "Stress relaxation of PBI based membrane electrode assemblies." International Journal of Solids and Structures 45, no. 24 (December 2008): 5987–6000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2008.07.017.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Mauger, Scott A., Jason R. Pfeilsticker, Min Wang, Samantha Medina, A. C. Yang-Neyerlin, K. C. Neyerlin, Caleb Stetson, Svitlana Pylypenko, and Michael Ulsh. "Fabrication of high-performance gas-diffusion-electrode based membrane-electrode assemblies." Journal of Power Sources 450 (February 2020): 227581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227581.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Wang, Guoliang, Liangliang Zou, Qinghong Huang, Zhiqing Zou, and Hui Yang. "Multidimensional nanostructured membrane electrode assemblies for proton exchange membrane fuel cell applications." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 16 (2019): 9447–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta12382a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

LI, Bing. "Preparation of Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 45, no. 02 (2009): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2009.02.075.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Iyuke, Sunny E., Abu Bakar Mohamad, Abdul Amir H. Kadhum, Wan R. W. Daud, and Chebbi Rachid. "Improved membrane and electrode assemblies for proton exchange membrane fuel cells." Journal of Power Sources 114, no. 2 (March 2003): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7753(03)00016-8.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Holzapfel, Peter, Melanie Bühler, Chuyen Van Pham, Friedemann Hegge, Thomas Böhm, David McLaughlin, Matthias Breitwieser, and Simon Thiele. "Directly coated membrane electrode assemblies for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis." Electrochemistry Communications 110 (January 2020): 106640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2019.106640.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Liang, Huagen, Ruoyu Xu, Kaicheng Chen, Chenyang Shen, and Shibin Yin. "Self-humidifying membrane electrode assembly with dual cathode catalyst layer structure prepared by introducing polyvinyl alcohol into the inner layer." RSC Advances 6, no. 2 (2016): 1333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra21458k.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Wang, Dung-An. "Ultrasonic Bonding of Membrane-Electrode-Assemblies of Fuel Cells." International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology 6, no. 3 (May 10, 2016): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.6.3.804.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Kundu, S., M. W. Fowler, L. C. Simon, and S. Grot. "Morphological features (defects) in fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies." Journal of Power Sources 157, no. 2 (July 2006): 650–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.027.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Yang, Tien-Fu, Lih-Wu Hourng, T. Leon Yu, Pei-Hung Chi, and Ay Su. "High performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrode assemblies." Journal of Power Sources 195, no. 21 (November 2010): 7359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2010.04.063.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Ye, Xinhuai, and Chao-Yang Wang. "Measurement of Water Transport Properties Through Membrane-Electrode Assemblies." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 154, no. 7 (2007): B676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2737379.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Ye, Xinhuai, and Chao-Yang Wang. "Measurement of Water Transport Properties Through Membrane Electrode Assemblies." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 154, no. 7 (2007): B683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2737384.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Hudak, Nicholas S., and Scott Calabrese Barton. "Mediated Biocatalytic Cathode for Direct Methanol Membrane-Electrode Assemblies." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 152, no. 5 (2005): A876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1887146.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Song, Chan-Ho, and Jin-Soo Park. "Membrane–Electrode Assemblies with Patterned Electrodes for Proton-exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Chemistry Letters 47, no. 2 (February 5, 2018): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.170995.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!