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Journal articles on the topic 'Membrane filters'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Li, Xun Chao, and Cong Li. "The Development of Household Membrane Filters for Drinking Water Treatment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.446.

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The health risks and potential environment damage from unsafe municipal water have greatly accelerated the development of household water filter around the world. Similarly, the emergence of membrane technology in recently decades has greatly stimulated the rapid development and wide applications of membrane filter. The most widely used types of household membrane filters currently include RO membrane filter, UF membrane filter and MF membrane filter. Such filters are commercially available and of broad prospects in spite of membrane fouling. This review looks back over previous developments a

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Alayande, Abayomi Babatunde, Yesol Kang, Jaewon Jang, Hobin Jee, Yong-Gu Lee, In S. Kim, and Euntae Yang. "Antiviral Nanomaterials for Designing Mixed Matrix Membranes." Membranes 11, no. 7 (June 22, 2021): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11070458.

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Membranes are helpful tools to prevent airborne and waterborne pathogenic microorganisms, including viruses and bacteria. A membrane filter can physically separate pathogens from air or water. Moreover, incorporating antiviral and antibacterial nanoparticles into the matrix of membrane filters can render composite structures capable of killing pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Such membranes incorporated with antiviral and antibacterial nanoparticles have a great potential for being applied in various application scenarios. Therefore, in this perspective article, we attempt to explore the funda

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Matlakh, Nikita, Dmytro Trushakov, Oleksandr Kozlovskyi, and Marianna Fedotova. "Creation of a Multi-section Water Purification Filter With Automated Control of Membrane Pollution." National Interagency Scientific and Technical Collection of Works. Design, Production and Exploitation of Agricultural Machines, no. 52 (2022): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2414-3820.2022.52.166-177.

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The article is devoted to the creation of a multi-section water purification filter, which can be made by hand at home. At the same time it is necessary to apply in the filter the automated control of pollution of membranes in sections of the filter. The main purpose of the study is to develop a simple and cheap multi-section filter for drinking water purification. The filter must have different cleaning technologies with the possibility of its own manufacture and with the possibility of automated control of membrane contamination. The task of the research is to develop and manufacture a worki

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Papageorgiou, Georgios T., Laura Mocé-Llivina, Christina G. Christodoulou, Francisco Lucena, Dina Akkelidou, Eleni Ioannou, and Juan Jofre. "A Simple Methodological Approach for Counting and Identifying Culturable Viruses Adsorbed to Cellulose Nitrate Membrane Filters." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 1 (January 1, 2000): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.1.194-198.2000.

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ABSTRACT We identified conditions under which Buffalo green monkey cells grew on the surfaces of cellulose nitrate membrane filters in such a way that they covered the entire surface of each filter and penetrated through the pores. When such conditions were used, poliovirus that had previously been adsorbed on the membranes infected the cells and replicated. A plaque assay method and a quantal method (most probable number of cytopathic units) were used to detect and count the viruses adsorbed on the membrane filters. Polioviruses in aqueous suspensions were then concentrated by adsorption to c

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Shin, Woo-Jin, Hyung-Seon Shin, Ji-Hun Hwang, and Kwang-Sik Lee. "Effects of Filter-Membrane Materials on Concentrations of Trace Elements in Acidic Solutions." Water 12, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 3497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123497.

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Filtration is commonly used to separate liquids from solid materials before the determination of trace element concentrations in aqueous solutions. Therefore, it is important to determine how much elemental content is extracted from the filter itself or lost via absorption into the filter. In this study, we investigated three types of disposable syringe filters (polyvinylidene difluoride, PVDF; polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE; PTFE with glass microfiber prefiltration media, GD/X) and their acid-cleaned versions using ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) and acetic acid (HOAc) solutions. The concentrations

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Zhang, Jinfeng, Guanyi Chen, Yanning Ma, Miao Xu, Songyan Qin, Xiaoliang Liu, Haijun Feng, and Lian Hou. "Purification of pickling wastewater from the steel industry using membrane filters: Performance and membrane fouling." Environmental Engineering Research 27, no. 1 (December 29, 2020): 200486–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4491/eer.2020.486.

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A new technique for treating pickling wastewater discharged from the steel industry using membrane filters was developed and membrane fouling was characterized in a full scale membrane filter. The morphological and chemical properties were examined through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) etc. The results showed that inorganic elements such as phosphates, chlorides, and sulfates were severely blocked in membrane surfaces and pores. The porosity, permeabi

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Afzal, Mohammad A., Joshua Peles, and Andrew L. Zydney. "Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Protein on Virus Retention for Different Virus Removal Filters." Membranes 14, no. 7 (July 17, 2024): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes14070158.

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The performance of virus filters is often determined by the extent of protein fouling, which can affect both filtrate flux and virus retention. However, the mechanisms governing changes in virus retention in the presence of proteins are still not well understood. The objective of this work was to examine the effect of proteins on virus retention by both asymmetric (Viresolve® NFP and Viresolve® Pro) and relatively homogeneous (Ultipor® DV20 and PegasusTM SV4) virus filtration membranes. Experiments were performed with bacteriophage ϕX174 as a model parvovirus and human serum immunoglobulin G (

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Wohlsen, T., J. Bates, B. Gray, and M. Katouli. "Evaluation of Five Membrane Filtration Methods for Recovery of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Isolates from Water Samples." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 4 (April 2004): 2318–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.4.2318-2322.2004.

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ABSTRACT We evaluated the efficiency of five membrane filters for recovery of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia lamblia cysts. These filters included the Pall Life Sciences Envirochek (EC) standard filtration and Envirochek high-volume (EC-HV) membrane filters, the Millipore flatbed membrane filter, the Sartorius flatbed membrane filter (SMF), and the Filta-Max (FM) depth filter. Distilled and surface water samples were spiked with 10 oocysts and 10 cysts/liter. We also evaluated the recovery efficiency of the EC and EC-HV filters after a 5-s backwash postfiltration. The backwashing w

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Sanaei, P., G. W. Richardson, T. Witelski, and L. J. Cummings. "Flow and fouling in a pleated membrane filter." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 795 (April 13, 2016): 36–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.194.

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Pleated membrane filters are widely used in many applications, and offer significantly better surface area to volume ratios than equal-area unpleated membrane filters. However, their filtration characteristics are markedly inferior to those of equivalent unpleated membrane filters in dead-end filtration. While several hypotheses have been advanced for this, one possibility is that the flow field induced by the pleating leads to spatially non-uniform fouling of the filter, which in turn degrades performance. In this paper we investigate this hypothesis by developing a simplified model for the f

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Canalli Bortolassi, Ana Cláudia, Vádila Giovana Guerra, Mônica Lopes Aguiar, Laurence Soussan, David Cornu, Philippe Miele, and Mikhael Bechelany. "Composites Based on Nanoparticle and Pan Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes for Air Filtration and Bacterial Removal." Nanomaterials 9, no. 12 (December 6, 2019): 1740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9121740.

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Often, solid matter is separated from particle-laden flow streams using electrospun filters due to their high specific surface area, good ability to capture aerial particulate matter, and low material costs. Moreover, electrospinning allows incorporating nanoparticles to improve the filter’s air filtration efficiency and bacterial removal. Therefore, a new, improved polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers membrane that could be used to remove air pollutants and also with antibacterial activity was developed. We engineered three different filters that are characterized by the different particles emb

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Marsono, B. D., A. Yuniarto, A. Purnomo, and ES Soedjono. "Comparison Performances of Microfiltration and Rapid Sand Filter Operated in Water Treatment Plant." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1111, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1111/1/012048.

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Abstract Water treatment of river water is generally carried out conventionally, a rapid sand filter consisting of a coagulation unit, flocculation, sedimentation, and sand filtration. One of the disadvantages of sand filters is that it requires a large volume of water for washing, inconsistent quality, and escape of microorganisms less than 0.01 mm in size. Membrane technology can solve this problem with the advantages of including a more compact unit with a larger surface area per volume. The immersed membrane has another advantage that it is possible to integrate with sedimentation units so

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Akimova, Olga V., Roman D. Svetogorov, Alexey V. Ovcharov, and Nataliya R. Roshan. "The Structure Stability of Metal Diffusion Membrane-Filters in the Processes of Hydrogen Absorption/Desorption." Membranes 12, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12111132.

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The evolution of a nanostructured state of palladium—lead membrane alloys during their interaction with hydrogen was studied using precision X-ray diffraction with synchrotron radiation (SR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). The importance of this topic is due to the need and demand for improving the performance characteristics of dense metal diffusion filters for high purity hydrogen separation processes. Palladium-based membrane filters with lead concentrations of 5 and 20 wt.% were prepared via electric arc melting from high purity meta

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Casino, Pablo, Asunción López, Sara Peiró, Santiago Rios, Aldous Porta, Gemma Agustí, Daniela Terlevich, Daniel Asensio, Ana María Marqués, and Núria Piqué. "Polyethersulfone (PES) Filters Improve the Recovery of Legionella spp. and Enhance Selectivity against Interfering Microorganisms in Water Samples." Polymers 15, no. 12 (June 13, 2023): 2670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15122670.

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In the analysis of water samples, the type of filtration membrane material can influence the recovery of Legionella species, although this issue has been poorly investigated. Filtration membranes (0.45 µm) from different materials and manufacturers (numbered as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) were compared: mixed cellulose esters (MCEs), nitrocellulose (NC), and polyethersulfone (PES). After membrane filtration of samples, filters were placed directly onto GVPC agar and incubated at 36 ± 2 °C. The highest mean counts of colony-forming units and colony sizes for Legionella pneumophila and Legionella anisa w

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Rodrigue, Lynda, and Marc C. Lavoie. "Comparison of different membranes for use in the colony-immunoblot technique." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m90-040.

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We compared five different supports (Whatman paper filters Nos. 1, 5, and 40, nitrocellulose, and Nylon 66) for their suitability in the colony-immunoblot (CIB) technique. Results indicate that Whatman No. 5 filter paper recovered 94–98% of the bacterial colonies tested, were more resistant to tearing than the other Whatman papers tested, and showed reduced cross-reactions as compared with nitrocellulose membranes. Whatman No. 5 filters are 20 times less expensive than the nitrocellulose membranes usually used in the CIB technique. We thus adopted the former for our ecological studies of the m

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15

Schuerger, Andrew C., and William Hammer. "Use of Cross-Flow Membrane Filtration in a Recirculating Hydroponic System to Suppress Root Disease in Pepper Caused by Pythium myriotylum." Phytopathology® 99, no. 5 (May 2009): 597–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-99-5-0597.

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Zoosporic pathogens in the genera Pythium and Phytophthora cause extensive root disease epiphytotics in recirculating hydroponic vegetable-production greenhouses. Zoospore cysts of Pythium myriotylum Drechsler were used to evaluate the effectiveness of cross-flow membrane filters to control pythiaceous pathogens in recirculating hydroponic systems. Four membrane filter brands (Honeycomb, Polypure, Polymate, and Absolife) were tested alone or in combination to determine which filters would effectively remove infective propagules of P. myriotylum from solutions and reduce disease incidence and s

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16

Katrivesis, Fotios K., Varvara Sygouni, Christakis A. Paraskeva, and Vagelis G. Papadakis. "A Performance Comparison of Pilot-Scale Sand Filtration and Membrane Filtration of Glafkos River Water." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 2 (February 16, 2021): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9020203.

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Surface-water treatment plants use the flocculation–precipitation method followed by gravity filters to remove suspended solids. In the present work, the replacement of gravity filters with ultrafiltration membrane units is suggested to improve the efficiency of water treatment and to reduce fixed and operational costs. A parametric pilot-scale study was conducted to compare the filtration efficiency of a deep bed and a membrane module for water-simulating river water of various turbidity degrees. Suspensions of kaolinite were prepared to simulate turbidity of the Glafkos River, Achaia Region

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Persaud, Dave, Mikhail Smirnov, Daniel Fong, and Pejman Sanaei. "Modeling of the Effects of Pleat Packing Density and Cartridge Geometry on the Performance of Pleated Membrane Filters." Fluids 6, no. 6 (June 5, 2021): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids6060209.

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Pleated membrane filters are widely used to remove undesired impurities from a fluid in many applications. A filter membrane is sandwiched between porous support layers and then pleated and packed into an annular cylindrical cartridge with a central hollow duct for outflow. Although this arrangement offers a high surface filtration area to volume ratio, the filter performance is not as efficient as those of equivalent flat filters. In this paper, we use asymptotic methods to simplify the flow throughout the cartridge to systematically investigate how the number of pleats or pleat packing densi

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Liu, Jing Xian, De Qiang Chang, Yue Xie, Ning Mao, and Xi Sun. "Research on Fine Particles Capture of Baghouse Filter Media." Applied Mechanics and Materials 300-301 (February 2013): 1293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.300-301.1293.

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Industrial dust emission is one of the main sources of fine particle especially for PM2.5 in atmosphere. Filter media is the key component for baghouse. In the paper, several normal needle felt filters and membrane filter are studied through experiments. The performances of filter such as resistance, capture efficiency for total particle and number counting efficiency for fine particle are tested.The experimental results show that the resistance of filter increase after aging, the resisitance increasing rate of membrane filter is the smallest; The efficiencies for total particles of normal fil

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Shim, Euijin, Jeong-Phil Jang, Jai-Joung Moon, and Yeonsang Kim. "Improvement of Polytetrafluoroethylene Membrane High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Performance with Melt-Blown Media." Polymers 13, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 4067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234067.

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Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane filters are widely used in low-load application areas, such as industrial cleanrooms, due to their low initial pressure drop. In this study, melt-blown (MB) nonwoven was introduced as a pre-filtration layer at the front end of a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter to improve the filter performance of the PTFE membrane. Pre-filtration reduces the average particle size, which reaches the PTFE membrane and reduces the dust load on the HEPA filters. A comparative analysis of the HEPA filters by composite MB and PTFE was conducted. Regarding the MB

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Ahluwalia, R. K., and H. K. Geyer. "Fluid Mechanics of Membrane-Coated Ceramic Filters." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 526–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816679.

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Analytical models are formulated for evaluating the fluid mechanics of membrane-coated, dead-end ceramic filters. The models are applicable to forward flow as in the filtration mode and reverse flow as in the back-pulse cleaning mode. General criteria are derived to size the filter passages from considerations of Darcy pressure drop, friction pressure drop, and the dynamic head. These criteria together with Reynolds numbers are shown to provide measures of nonuniformities in face velocity and pressure that develop in the filter passages for atmospheric and high-pressure applications. A methodo

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Hong, Chuanxue, Patricia A. Richardson, and Ping Kong. "Comparison of Membrane Filters as a Tool for Isolating Pythiaceous Species from Irrigation Water." Phytopathology® 92, no. 6 (June 2002): 610–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto.2002.92.6.610.

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Filter-based isolation is the primary approach for quantifying plant pathogens in irrigation water; however, the performance of various membranes is largely unknown. This study evaluated nine hydrophilic membranes for recovery of pythiaceous species, a group of very common and destructive pathogens on numerous ornamental plants and many agronomic crops. Three sources of water samples and three plating methods were used for the membrane comparison. Durapore5, Millipore5, and Osmonics5 filtered 100 ml of irrigation water or 50 ml of irrigation runoff in 10 s or less, whereas the other membranes

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Ravnik, Jure, Gorazd Bombek, Aleš Hribernik, Timi Gomboc, Matej Zadravec, Aleks Kapun, Grega Hrovat, Jure Gradišek, and Matjaž Hriberšek. "Energy Intake Models for Intermittent Operation of Dead-End Microfiltration Filling Line." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 23, 2022): 8854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238854.

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In filling lines equipped with membrane separation devices in the form of filters energy, consumption is only one of the important working parameters, the other being sustainable filter performance in terms of separation efficiency. As the filling line is typically equipped with a valve, intermittent operation of the filter is an important form of its use. Whereas the overall energy consumption of the filtration process is governed by the continuous operation mode, the intermittent mode, characterised by opening/closing of the valve, contributes most to problems of filter failure, i.e., the br

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Yang, Xing, Joon Mo Yang, Yu-Chong Tai, and Chih-Ming Ho. "Micromachined membrane particle filters." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 73, no. 1-2 (March 1999): 184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-4247(98)00269-6.

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Sauvegrain, P., A. Tazi-Pain, F. Rogalla, and F. Valter. "Anaerobic Biofiltration versus Aerobic Membrane Filtration: Comparison on a Difficult Substrate." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 10 (May 1, 1992): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0249.

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Several methods were compared to treat heat treatment liquor on a municipal wastewater treatment plant, to reduce loading and allow upgrading. To ensure low suspended solids in the return flows, granular anaerobic filters were chosen in parallel with membrane treatment:–an upflow wood-based charcoal anaerobic filter–an upflow floating polystyrene anaerobic filter–an aerobic reactor (activated sludge) coupled with microfiltration. Very similar loading rates and removal efficiency was obtained with the anaerobic filters; they allow to treat highly concentrated effluents in a detention time of 10

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Fong, Daniel, and Pejman Sanaei. "Flow and transport in a pleated filter." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 9 (September 2022): 097102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0102940.

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A pleated membrane filter consists of a porous membrane layer, which is surrounded by two supporting layers, and the whole structure is pleated and placed into a cylindrical cartridge. Pleated membrane filters are used in a variety of industrial applications, since they offer more surface area to volume ratio that is not found in equivalent flat filters. In this work, we introduce a novel three-dimensional model of a pleated membrane filter that consists of an empty region, a pleated region, and a hollow region. The advection diffusion equation is used to model contaminant concentration in the

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Mänttäri, M., and M. Nyström. "Ultrafiltration and nanofiltration in the pulp and paper industry using cross-rotational (CR) filters." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 229–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0200.

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Ultra- and nanofiltration with high shear CR-filters have been utilized for cleaning of clear filtrates and effluents from the pulp and paper industry. The aim was to find out how different nanofiltration membranes operate at high shear conditions. The filtration efficiency of the membranes was evaluated by measuring flux, retention and fouling at various recovery and pH conditions. High fluxes (∼100 L/(m2h)) for nanofiltration membranes were measured when circulation waters from the paper machine were filtered at neutral conditions. In the filtration of discharge of external activated sludge

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Hui-Feng, Sun, Miwa Takamori, Noriko Hata, Issei Kasahara, and Shigeru Taguchi. "Application of Membrane Filters for Spectrophotometric Determination of Cationic Surfactants in River Water and Sediment." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 84, no. 6 (November 1, 2001): 1781–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/84.6.1781.

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Abstract Cationic surfactant (CS+) in urban river water and sediment was extracted and determined spectrophotometrically with 2 membrane filters. The CS+ in the water samples, mostly in the form of an ion associate with the coexisting anionic surfactant (AS−), was collected on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane filter and eluted with methanol. Bromphenol blue (BPB), hydrochloric acid, and water were added to the methanol solution successively, and the mixed solution was filtered through a mixed cellulose ester membrane filter. The CS+-BPB− ion associate, formed by a counter ion exchange

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SPEEGLE, LESLIE, MICHAEL E. MILLER, STEFFEN BACKERT, and OMAR A. OYARZABAL. "Use of Cellulose Filters To Isolate Campylobacter spp. from Naturally Contaminated Retail Broiler Meat." Journal of Food Protection 72, no. 12 (December 1, 2009): 2592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.12.2592.

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Membrane filtration has been used to isolate Campylobacter spp. from feces, although ~5 log CFU/g must be present in the sample. Few studies have attempted to use filter membranes for the isolation of Campylobacter from foods. We investigated the minimum number of thermotolerant Campylobacter cells that pass through cellulose filters, the effect of different cell conditions on the rate of passage, and the minimum number of cells that could pass the filters from enriched broiler meat naturally contaminated with Campylobacter spp. Cellulose filters with 0.65-μm pore sizes retained fewer cells an

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Ogbuoji, Ebuka A., Lauren Stephens, Amber Haycraft, Eric Wooldridge, and Isabel C. Escobar. "Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation (NIPS) for Fabricating High Filtration Efficiency (FE) Polymeric Membranes for Face Mask and Air Filtration Applications." Membranes 12, no. 7 (June 21, 2022): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes12070637.

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Protection against airborne viruses has become very relevant since the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2. Nonwoven face masks along with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters have been used extensively to reduce infection rates; however, some of these filter materials provide inadequate protection due to insufficient initial filtration efficiency (FE) and FE decrease with time. Flat sheet porous membranes, which have been used extensively to filter waterborne microbes and particulate matter due to their high FE have the potential to filter air pollutants without compromising its FE ov

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Sanaei, P., and L. J. Cummings. "Flow and fouling in membrane filters: effects of membrane morphology." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 818 (April 6, 2017): 744–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.102.

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Membrane filters are used extensively in microfiltration applications. The type of membrane used can vary widely depending on the particular application, but broadly speaking the requirements are to achieve fine control of separation, with low power consumption. The solution to this challenge might seem obvious: select the membrane with the largest pore size and void fraction consistent with the separation requirements. However, membrane fouling (an inevitable consequence of successful filtration) is a complicated process, which depends on many parameters other than membrane-pore size and void

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Li, Ting-Ting, Yujia Fan, Xixi Cen, Yi Wang, Bing-Chiuan Shiu, Hai-Tao Ren, Hao-Kai Peng, Qian Jiang, Ching-Wen Lou, and Jia-Horng Lin. "Polypropylene/Polyvinyl Alcohol/Metal-Organic Framework-Based Melt-Blown Electrospun Composite Membranes for Highly Efficient Filtration of PM2.5." Nanomaterials 10, no. 10 (October 14, 2020): 2025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10102025.

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Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) has become a public hazard to people’s lives and health. Traditional melt-blown membranes cannot filter dangerous particles due to their limited diameter, and ultra-fine electrospinning fibers are vulnerable to external forces. Therefore, creating highly efficient air filters by using an innovative technique and structure has become necessary. In this study, a combination of polypropylene (PP) melt-blown and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/zeolite imidazole frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) electrospinning technique is employed to construct a PP/PVA/ZIF-8 membrane with a hierarchical

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Choi, Yong Ho, Moon-Ju Kim, Jia Lee, Jae-Chul Pyun, and Dahl-Young Khang. "Recyclable, Antibacterial, Isoporous Through-Hole Membrane Air Filters with Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Nanorods." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 3381. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123381.

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Reusable, antibacterial, and photocatalytic isoporous through-hole air filtration membranes have been demonstrated based on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods (NRs). High-temperature (300~375 °C) stability of thermoset-based isoporous through-hole membranes has enabled concurrent control of porosity and seed formation via high-temperature annealing of the membranes. The following hydrothermal growth has led to densely populated ZnO NRs on both the membrane surface and pore sidewall. Thanks to the nanofibrous shape of the grown ZnO NRs on the pore sidewall, the membrane filters have shown a high

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Kaur, Satinderpal, Renuga Gopal, Wun Jern Ng, Seeram Ramakrishna, and Takeshi Matsuura. "Next-Generation Fibrous Media for Water Treatment." MRS Bulletin 33, no. 1 (January 2008): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2008.10.

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AbstractFibrous media in the form of nonwoven filters have been used extensively in water treatment as pre-filters or to support the medium that does the separation. Nonwoven media are composed of randomly oriented micron-size fibers and provide a one step separation as a substitute for conventional processes comprising chemical addition, flocculation, sedimentation, and sand filtration. At present the use of nonwoven filter media is limited to pre-filters and is not used further downstream as high performance filters. However it is expected that by reducing the fiber size in the nanometer ran

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Wang, Han, Zuo Yi Yang, Jin Yong Liu, Gao Feng Zheng, and Ling Min Chen. "Explore on Pressure-Drop Performance of Nanofibrous Filtration Membrane." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 1885–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.1885.

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High filtration efficiency of nanofibrous membrane has been proved in air filtration area, but, in addition to filtration efficiency, pressure drop is another important characteristic of fibrous filter. Because pressure-drop is related to energy wastage of filtration, it’s necessary to study. While there are not enough studies dedicated to pressure-drop of nanofibrous membrane filters. Here, different thickness PVA nanofibrous membranes were made by electrospinning, and they deposited on cotton scaffolds to form nanofibrous filter samples. Through testing these samples, we found as thickness o

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Sobsey, M. D., M. V. Yates, F.-C. Hsu, G. Lovelace, D. Battigelli, A. Margolin, S. D. Pillai, and N. Nwachuku. "Development and evaluation of methods to detect coliphages in large volumes of water." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 1 (July 1, 2004): 211–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0056.

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New and improved methods have been developed to detect somatic and male-specific coliphages in large volumes of water by single agar layer (SAL), enrichment and membrane filter methods. Somatic coliphages were detected efficiently on E. coli hosts C and CN13, male-specific coliphages were detected more efficiently on E. coli Famp than on Salmonella typhimurium WG49 and both types of coliphages were detected simultaneously on E. coli C3000. For water volumes of up to 100 ml, the SAL method was efficient and reliable. For water volumes of &lt;1 L and as many as 10 multiple 1 L volumes, the e

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Kopylova, Natalia, Alexei Kopylov, and Yuri Salomatov. "Results of experimental studies and numerical modeling of multistage waveguide-slotted membranes filters with complex slots geometry." MATEC Web of Conferences 158 (2018): 01018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815801018.

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The article contains the results of an experimental study and numerical simulation of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of one, three and four-stage filters on waveguide-slotted membranes with complex resonance slot geometry membranes located in a rectangular 35x15 mm waveguide. The design of filters and the topology of a complex slot in the membrane are shown. The results can be useful in the design of waveguide filters in the frequency range 5.5 … 8.5 GHz.

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Farsiyants, S. Yu, E. N. Verichev, and L. S. Opaleichuk. "Ceramic filters with membrane coatings." Glass and Ceramics 47, no. 1 (January 1990): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00678256.

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Illi, H. "Hydrophobic grid membrane filters (HGMF)." Experientia 42, no. 1 (January 1986): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01975980.

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Wojcicki, J., W. Piatkiewicz, A. Werynski, J. Waniewski, H. Goch, and M. Hay. "Membrane Plasma Fractionation: Effect of the Surface Area." International Journal of Artificial Organs 11, no. 5 (September 1988): 387–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139888801100514.

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The influence of the surface area on the performance of plasma filters for dead-end mode of filtration is presented in this paper. Theoretical analysis of the dead-end filtration was performed and verified experimentally (using ENKA cellulose-diacetate PF-100 membranes) in respect to β-lipoprotein. The theoretical model allows to optimize the course of the transmembrane pressure during plasma fractionation procedure in dependence of the surface area, initial concentration of macromolecules, total volume of the feed and membrane structure. The results indicate that the surface area effect is an

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Lyu, Chenxin, Peng Zhao, Jun Xie, Shuyuan Dong, Jiawei Liu, Chengchen Rao, and Jianzhong Fu. "Electrospinning of Nanofibrous Membrane and Its Applications in Air Filtration: A Review." Nanomaterials 11, no. 6 (June 6, 2021): 1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11061501.

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Air pollution caused by particulate matter and toxic gases is violating individual’s health and safety. Nanofibrous membrane, being a reliable filter medium for particulate matter, has been extensively studied and applied in the field of air purification. Among the different fabrication approaches of nanofibrous membrane, electrospinning is considered as the most favorable and effective due to its advantages of controllable process, high production efficiency, and low cost. The electrospun membranes, made of different materials and unique structures, exhibit good PM2.5 filtration performance a

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Shelomentsev, Ivan G., and Ekaterina A. Gomzikova. "Prospects of analyzing of nanoparticles in the composition of aerosol by the method of electron microscopy." Hygiene and sanitation 102, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-3-259-264.

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Introduction. Control of distribution of aerosol particle by size in the workplace area is one of the important problems of hygiene. To assess health effect of aerosol particles in workers, it is necessary to improve existing and introduce new methods for analyzing the dispersion and chemical composition of aerosols, including their nanosized constituents. Materials and methods. Generated lead oxide nanoparticles with an average diameter of 26.2±12.6 nm were sampled on 47-mm nylon membrane disc filters with a pore size of 0.2 µm and 1.2 µm. The experimental device represented a cascade s

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Tomas, Marija Kovač, Anto Mijatović, Mateja Bulaić Nevistić, Bojan Šarkanj, Jurislav Babić, and Tihomir Kovač. "How different microfilters affect the recovery of eleven EU-regulated mycotoxins." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 74, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3693.

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Abstract Microfiltration is a common step in liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a method of choice in determining several mycotoxins in a solution at once. However, microfiltration may entail filter-analyte interactions that can affect the accuracy of the procedure, and underestimate exposure. The aim of our study was to assess how five different membrane materials for syringe filters (nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethersulphone, mixed cellulose ester, and cellulose acetate) affect microfiltration and recovery of EU-regulated mycotoxins, including aflatoxins B1, B2

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Zhang, Yu Long, and Tao Dong. "A Membrane-Based Sample Preparation Kit for Waterborne Pathogens: Design and Manufacture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 281 (January 2013): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.281.75.

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Membrane-based microfluidic devices have been demonstrated in recent literature to show a significant potential in developing low-cost but high-efficient analytical devices. Usually, the step of sampling and sample preparation is the most importance processes in the whole analytical experiments. This study designed and manufactured a low-cost kit for water sampling and sample preparation of waterborne pathogens, especially protozoan parasites. Subsequently, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was employed as the model microbe to verify the function of kit. The concepts of green design and agile manufactu

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Li, Ting-Ting, Xixi Cen, Hai-Tao Ren, Fei Sun, Qi Lin, Ching-Wen Lou, and Jia-Horng Lin. "One-Step Bark-Like Imitated Polypropylene (PP)/Polycarbonate (PC) Nanofibrous Meltblown Membrane for Efficient Particulate Matter Removal." Polymers 11, no. 8 (August 4, 2019): 1307. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11081307.

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A bark-like imitated polypr opylene (PP)/polycarbonate (PC) nanofibrous membrane was constructed by one-step meltblown technique for efficient particulate matter (PM) removal. The effects of PC content (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) on membrane thermal stability, microscopic characteristics, filtration performance, hydrophilicity, and water vapor transmission were investigated. The results demonstrated that using facile design of incompatibility and viscosity difference between PC and PP polymers decreases average fiber diameter, creating a bark-like groove appearance and increasing surface potentia

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Engström, J. E., and C. Leck. "Determination of water-insoluble light absorbing matter in rainwater using polycarbonate membrane filters and photometric detection." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 2, no. 1 (February 4, 2009): 237–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-2-237-2009.

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Abstract. A method for determination of water-insoluble light absorbing matter in rainwater has been developed. After collection the rainwater samples were filtered using polycarbonate membrane filter in the laboratory. After drying the filter in filtered air, the amount of water-insoluble light absorbing matter (soot) on the filters was determined with photometry at a wavelength of 555 nm. The precision for the method was better than 10% calculated as relative standard deviation. The overall loss of soot due to adsorption during collection and filtration was 22±2%. The detection limit was est

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Giglia, Sal, Anand Alembath, and Joseph Hersey. "Defect Detection Sensitivity of Bubble-Point-Type Tests for Sterilizing-Grade Membrane Cartridge Filters." Membranes 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010088.

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Bubble point tests are widely used for assessing the integrity of sterilizing-grade membrane cartridge filters. While many authors have considered the limitations of bubble point tests as applied to cartridge filters, the level of bacterial retention assurance provided by this test as conducted with automated integrity testers (AITs) has not, until now, been quantified. Contrary to the notion that filter leaks result in a depressed bubble point, it was shown that the bubble point as reported by AITs was insensitive to defect size up until the point where the AIT either determined a gross leak

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Ko, Kyujin, and Su-Chul Yang. "Magnetoelectric Membrane Filters of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/Cobalt Ferrite Oxide for Effective Capturing of Particulate Matter." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 5, 2020): 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112601.

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In the last decade, particulate matter (PM) has gradually become a serious public health issue due to its harmful impact on the human body. In this study, we report a novel filtration system for high PM capturing, based on the magnetoelectric (ME) effect that induces an effective surface charge in membrane filters. To elucidate the ME effect on PM capturing, we prepared electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)/CoFe2O4(CFO) membranes and investigated their PM capturing efficiency. After electrical poling under a high electric field of 10 kV/mm, PM-capturing efficiencies of the poled-PVDF/CFO

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Alonso-Echanove, Juan, Brian D. Sippy, Arthur E. Chin, Lisa Cairns, Rebecca Haley, Jay S. Epstein, Michael J. Richards, et al. "Nationwide Outbreak of Red Eye Syndrome Associated With Transfusion of Leukocyte-Reduced Red Blood Cell Units." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 27, no. 11 (November 2006): 1146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/508817.

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Objective.To characterize red eye reactions occurring within 24 hours after receipt of units of leukocyte-reduced red blood cells, determine their etiology, and investigate their potential link to transfusion.Methods.We conducted a survey of transfusion facilities nationwide to determine the scope and magnitude of the reactions; performed case-control and cohort studies among transfused patients at the facility where most reactions occurred; and performed animal experiments, using cellulose acetate derivatives extracted from leukocyte-reduction filters and filter precursors, to reproduce react

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Grant, Donald, Travis Lemke, Greg Duepner, Donna Wilkes, and Norm Powell. "Measurement of Inorganic Contaminant Extraction from Fluid Handling Components By Dynamic Extraction." Journal of the IEST 39, no. 2 (March 31, 1996): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.2.39.2.37v188215vww31lx.

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This paper addresses extraction of inorganic contamination from fluid handling components into semiconductor process chemicals. It presents a method of dynamic extraction that measures the rate at which inorganic contaminants are extracted from components as a function of time. The method overcomes many of the shortcomings of conventional techniques. It allows prediction of the amount of contamination added to chemical in a process tool with time. Examples of its use to measure extraction from all-Teflon 0.05-μm microporous membrane filters in 49 percent HF are included. Extraction from five d

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Ensink, Jeroen H. J., Andy Bastable, and Sandy Cairncross. "Assessment of a membrane drinking water filter in an emergency setting." Journal of Water and Health 13, no. 2 (October 11, 2014): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.025.

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The performance and acceptability of the NeroxTM membrane drinking water filter were evaluated among an internally displaced population in Pakistan. The membrane filter and a control ceramic candle filter were distributed to over 3,000 households. Following a 6-month period, 230 households were visited and filter performance and use were assessed. Only 6% of the visited households still had a functioning filter, and the removal performance ranged from 80 to 93%. High turbidity in source water (irrigation canals), together with high temperatures and large family size were likely to have contrib

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