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1

Sirugaloor, Thangavel Senthilkumar, Enrique Ibáñez León Santiago, Paula Navalpotro, et al. "Membrane-free Zn hybrid redox flow battery using water-in-salt aqueous biphasic electrolytes." Journal of Power Sources 608 (June 5, 2024): 234660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234660.

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In this study, we develop a membrane-free Zn hybrid redox flow battery (RFB) using an unconventional water-in-salt aqueous biphasic system (WIS-ABS). This membrane-free Zn hybrid battery employs soluble ferrocene (Fc) derivative and Zn salt as the active species in the immiscible catholyte and anolyte, respectively. Initially, we demonstrate the potential of using WIS-ABS for a totally aqueous membrane-free Zn battery under static conditions. This static battery operates at a cell voltage of 1.01 V and effectively eradicates the detrimental self-discharge observed in membrane-free batteries, a
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2

Navalpotro, Paula, Jesus Palma, Marc Anderson, and Rebeca Marcilla. "A Membrane-Free Redox Flow Battery with Two Immiscible Redox." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, no. 15 (2017): 3853. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201704318.

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Flexible and scalable energy storage solutions are necessary for mitigating fluctuations of renewable energy sources. The main advantage of redox flow batteries is their ability to decouple power and energy. However, they present some limitations including poor performance, short-lifetimes, and expensive ion-selective membranes as well as high price, toxicity, and scarcity of vanadium compounds. We report a membrane-free battery that relies on the immiscibility of redox electrolytes and where vanadium is replaced by organic molecules. We show that the biphasic system formed by one acidic solut
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3

Paula, Navalpotro, E. Ibanez Santiago, Pedraza Eduardo, and Marcilla Rebeca. "A neutral pH aqueous biphasic system applied to both static and flow membrane-free battery." Energy Storage Materials 56, no. 2023 (2023): 403–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2023.01.033.

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Here, we present a new aqueous biphasic system (ABS) with near neutral pH and containing highly soluble organic/organometallic active species that avoids crossover due to the thermodynamic separation of active species. This ABS become the best example of “Static” Membrane-Free Battery with the highest maximum theoretical energy density (21.7 Wh L􀀀 1), enhanced coulombic efficiency (96%) and stable performance over 250 cycles. Moreover, this work assesses the process of the self-discharge stablishing for the first time a protocol to quantify this phenomenon that results in low coulo
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4

Xu, Pengcheng, Congxin Xie, Chenhui Wang, et al. "A membrane-free interfacial battery with high energy density." Chemical Communications 54, no. 82 (2018): 11626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc06048g.

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5

Navalpotro, Paula, Santiago Enrique Ibañez, Eduardo Pedraza, and Rebeca Marcilla. "Towards Totally Aqueous Membrane-Free Flow Batteries: Fundamentals and Challenges." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 4 (2023): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024808mtgabs.

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The implementation of renewable energies (solar, wind, etc) is driven the development of new energy storage systems that can mitigate their inherent intermittency solving the mismatch between the energy demand and production. Among different systems, electrochemical energy storage devices stand out due to their efficiency, flexibility and modularity. Specifically, Redox Flow Batteries (RFB) are the unique type of battery able to decouple energy and power densities which makes them versatile and adaptable to different applications. Nevertheless, although they are commercially available, their i
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6

Kim, Jeongwon, Arim Seong, Yejin Yang, et al. "Indirect surpassing CO2 utilization in membrane-free CO2 battery." Nano Energy 82 (April 2021): 105741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105741.

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7

Wang, Xiao, Amir Lashgari, Jingchao Chai, and Jianbing “Jimmy” Jiang. "A membrane-free, aqueous/nonaqueous hybrid redox flow battery." Energy Storage Materials 45 (March 2022): 1100–1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.11.008.

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8

Yang, Yuan, James Loomis, Hadi Ghasemi, et al. "Membrane-Free Battery for Harvesting Low-Grade Thermal Energy." Nano Letters 14, no. 11 (2014): 6578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl5032106.

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9

Ding, Yu, Yu Zhao, and Guihua Yu. "A Membrane-Free Ferrocene-Based High-Rate Semiliquid Battery." Nano Letters 15, no. 6 (2015): 4108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b01224.

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10

P., Navalpotro, Palma J., Marcilla R., M. S. S. Neves Catarina, G. Freire Mara, and A. P. Coutinho João. "Pioneering Use of Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems as Membrane-Free Batteries." Advanced Science 5, no. 10 (2018): 1800576. https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.201800576.

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Aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) formed by water, ionic liquids (ILs), and salts, in which the two phases are water rich, are emonstrated here to act as potential membrane-free batteries. This concept is feasible due to the selective enrichment of redox organic molecules in each aqueous phase of ABS, which spontaneously form two liquid-phases above given concentrations of salt and IL. Therefore, the required separation of electrolytes in the battery is not driven by an expensive membrane that hampers mass transfer, but instead, by the intrinsic immiscibility of the two liquid phases. Moreover, t
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11

Ibanez, Santiago Enrique, Paula Navalpotro, Ignacio Almonacid, Eduardo Pedraza, and Rebeca Marcilla. "Close Contact without Mixing: All-Aqueous Membrane-Free Flow Battery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 48 (2022): 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01481996mtgabs.

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The accumulation of energy produced by renewable sources to be used when demand is high is a key aspect of a truly decarbonized grid. Among all energy accumulation technologies, Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs) are specially promising due to its safety, flexibility of design and the ability to decouple capacity and power of the system. In a standard configuration, both redox electrolytes that are stored in external tanks are pumped in the electrochemical reactor separated only by an ion-selective membrane. This membrane is a critical part of the battery as it allows the selective pass of certain io
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12

Hou, Singyuk, Long Chen, Xiulin Fan, and Chunsheng Wang. "High Energy and Low-Cost Membrane-Free Chlorine Flow Battery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 3 (2022): 488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-013488mtgabs.

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Grid-scale energy storage is essential for reliable electricity transmission and renewable energy integration. Redox flow batteries (RFB) provide affordable and scalable strategies for stationary energy storage. But most of the current RFB chemistries are based on expensive transition metal ions or synthetic organics. Here, we report a reversible Cl2/Cl- redox flow battery through electrolysis of aqueous NaCl electrolyte, the as-produced Cl2 is stored and extracted using carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or mineral spirit flow. The immiscibility between the CCl4 and NaCl electrolyte enables a membra
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13

Wang, Di, Qiulong Wei, Jinzhi Sheng, et al. "Flexible additive free H2V3O8nanowire membrane as cathode for sodium ion batteries." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 17 (2016): 12074–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp00745g.

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14

Navalpotro, Paula, Jesus Palma, Marc Anderson, and Rebeca Marcilla. "A Membrane‐Free Redox Flow Battery with Two Immiscible Redox Electrolytes." Angewandte Chemie 129, no. 41 (2017): 12634–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201704318.

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15

Navalpotro, Paula, Jesus Palma, Marc Anderson, and Rebeca Marcilla. "A Membrane‐Free Redox Flow Battery with Two Immiscible Redox Electrolytes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 56, no. 41 (2017): 12460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201704318.

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16

Navalpotro, Paula, Jesus Palma, Perales Vanesa Muñoz, et al. "Membrane-free redox flow battery: From the idea to the market." APL Energy 3 (June 7, 2025): 012001. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0231462.

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The increasing global energy demand and the transition toward a more sustainable energy system necessitate the integration of renewable sources, emphasizing the need for effective energy storage systems. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are particularly suitable due to their efficiency and unique ability to decouple energy and power density. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by the high costs of ion-selective membranes and vanadium-based electrolytes currently used in commercial vanadium RFBs. This study analyzes an alternative membrane-free (membraneless) flow battery technology that
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17

Hao, Xin, Jiugang Hu, Zongju Zhang, et al. "Interfacial regulation of dendrite-free zinc anodes through a dynamic hydrophobic molecular membrane." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 25 (2021): 14265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta01697k.

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A DHM acts as a resistor to regulate the distribution and reduction rates of zinc species, thus refining grains and facilitating the formation of dendrite-free zinc anodes to improve battery cycle stability.
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18

Liu, Siyang, Jing Wu, Jiaqi Huang, Xiaowei Chi, Jianhua Yang, and Yu Liu. "A high-energy efficiency static membrane-free zinc–bromine battery enabled by a high concentration hybrid electrolyte." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 6, no. 4 (2022): 1148–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se01749g.

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A high concentration ZnBr2 with LiCl electrolyte inhibits the cross diffusion of bromine and avoids the corrosion and dendrite problems of the zinc anode, thus realizing a high efficiency static membrane-free zinc–bromine battery.
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19

Li, Guodong, Wei Chen, Hao Zhang, et al. "Membrane‐Free Zn/MnO 2 Flow Battery for Large‐Scale Energy Storage." Advanced Energy Materials 10, no. 9 (2020): 1902085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201902085.

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20

Navalpotro, Paula, Jesus Palma, Marc Anderson, and Rebeca Marcilla. "Berichtigung: A Membrane-Free Redox Flow Battery with Two Immiscible Redox Electrolytes." Angewandte Chemie 130, no. 15 (2018): 3915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201801680.

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21

Navalpotro, Paula, Jesus Palma, Marc Anderson, and Rebeca Marcilla. "Corrigendum: A Membrane-Free Redox Flow Battery with Two Immiscible Redox Electrolytes." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 57, no. 15 (2018): 3853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201801680.

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22

Cao, Mingyang, Weiye Bai, Mingqiang Li, Mingyu Jiang, Yanheng Yin, and Ning Wang. "Membrane-free and non-current Zn–Br battery: Using murexide-modified electrolyte." Journal of Power Sources 639 (May 2025): 236669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.236669.

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23

Lee, Hun, and Deokwoo Lee. "Composite Membrane Containing Titania Nanofibers for Battery Separators Used in Lithium-Ion Batteries." Membranes 13, no. 5 (2023): 499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13050499.

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In order to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries, a new kind of composite membrane made using inorganic nanofibers has been developed via electrospinning and the solvent-nonsolvent exchange process. The resultant membranes present free-standing and flexible properties and have a continuous network structure of inorganic nanofibers within polymer coatings. Results show that polymer-coated inorganic nanofiber membranes have better wettability and thermal stability than those of a commercial membrane separator. The presence of inorganic nanofibers in the polymer matrix
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24

Hu, Chi-Chang, Yi-Heng Tu, Yu-Hsiang Yang, and Hung-Yi Huang. "Constructing Membrane-Free Faradaic Deionization Systems with High Capacity and High Rate of Salt Removal/Recovery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 49 (2024): 3494. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02493494mtgabs.

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Electrochemical deionization (ECDI) systems are attractive desalination devices that can achieve high salt adsorption capacity (SAC) with acceptable energy consumption, which can be employed as a promising complement or alternative method to other desalination techniques. The deionization mechanisms of the ECDI system can be divided into two distinct categories [1]: (1) formation of the electric double-layer (EDL) on the electrode surface to capture ions and (2) Faradaic materials via redox reactions using the charge compensation, ion intercalation, and compound formation, etc. The Faradaic ma
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25

Yang, Yuan, Guangyuan Zheng, and Yi Cui. "A membrane-free lithium/polysulfide semi-liquid battery for large-scale energy storage." Energy & Environmental Science 6, no. 5 (2013): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ee00072a.

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26

Navalpotro, Paula, Carlos Trujillo, Iciar Montes, et al. "Critical aspects of membrane-free aqueous battery based on two immiscible neutral electrolytes." Energy Storage Materials 26 (April 2020): 400–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2019.11.011.

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27

Karthik, K., and Ramaswamy Murugan. "Lithium garnet based free-standing solid polymer composite membrane for rechargeable lithium battery." Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 22, no. 10 (2018): 2989–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4010-3.

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28

Dang, Hoang, Andrew J. Sellathurai, and Dominik PJ Barz. "An Ion Exchange Membrane-Free, Ultrastable Zinc-Iodine Battery Enabled by Functionalized Graphene Electrodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 5 (2023): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-015908mtgabs.

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Global warming requires a shift in the energy economy towards renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind energy, to meet the ever-increasing worldwide energy demand while having lesser negative impact on the environment. The integration of such sustainable energy resources into the existing infrastructure, however, is challenging due to their fluctuations and intermittences requiring the development of efficient (intermediate) energy storage systems. The ultimate goal for these systems pertains to high performance, durability, safety, facile scalability, cost, and environmental-friendlin
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29

Nguyen, Oanh Hoang, Prathap Iyapazham Vaigunda Suba, Muhammad Shoaib, and Venkataraman Thangadurai. "A Novel, Membrane Free Redox Battery Design Using Organic/Inorganic Redox Pair in Aqueous System." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 64 (2022): 2339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02642339mtgabs.

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The increasing demand to decarbonize the power grid is driving the development of low cost, sustainable and stable energy storage media. Redox flow batteries (RFB) have always been a strong candidate owing to their easy scalability, long cycle life and versatility. Modular design of RFB’s allows better control on energy and power density and many components of this battery, such as the electrolyte, ion-exchange membrane, and bipolar plates can be modified to better utilize the chemical energy stored in redox species [1]. The current state-of-the-art RFB uses vanadium electrolytes with Nafion a
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30

Chai, Jingchao, Amir Lashgari, Andrew E. Eisenhart, Xiao Wang, Thomas L. Beck, and Jianbing “Jimmy” Jiang. "Biphasic, Membrane-Free Zn/Phenothiazine Battery: Effects of Hydrophobicity of Redox Materials on Cyclability." ACS Materials Letters 3, no. 4 (2021): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialslett.1c00061.

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31

Puech, Laurent, Christophe Cantau, Philippe Vinatier, Gwenaëlle Toussaint, and Philippe Stevens. "Elaboration and characterization of a free standing LiSICON membrane for aqueous lithium–air battery." Journal of Power Sources 214 (September 2012): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.04.064.

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32

Senthilkumar, Sirugaloor Thangavel, Santiago E. Ibañez, Paula Navalpotro, et al. "Membrane-free Zn hybrid redox flow battery using water-in-salt aqueous biphasic electrolytes." Journal of Power Sources 608 (July 2024): 234660. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2024.234660.

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33

Alig, Benjamin N., Ramon D. Malheiros, and Kenneth E. Anderson. "The Effect of Housing Environment on Physical Egg Quality of White Egg Layers." Poultry 2, no. 2 (2023): 222–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020018.

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Currently, the egg industry is experiencing a shift in demand for eggs from cage-free environments. This study aims to evaluate the egg quality parameters of white eggs laid in several different housing environments utilized in the industry. Egg quality parameters from battery cages, barren colony cages, enriched colony cages and cage-free pens were compared. Overall, most egg quality parameters were found to be different across housing environments. Battery cages produced the heaviest eggs and eggs with the highest Haugh unit (p < 0.05). Cage-free hens produced eggs with the darkest yolks,
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34

Kusumawati, D. H., and T. N. Agustin. "Characteristic of Nanofiber PVA-Graphene Oxide (GO) as Lithium Battery Separator." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2623, no. 1 (2023): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2623/1/012008.

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Abstract Batteries have many uses, so a lot of research on batteries has been developed. The part of the battery that has not been studied much is the separator, which has a crucial role as one of the battery components. The separator is the main component in the lithium-ion battery, which functions to prevent short circuits, transport free ions, and isolate electricity. The separator must have adequate porosity, high conductivity, and good thermal stability. The purpose of this research is to analyze the characteristics of the nanofiber membrane, which will be applied as a separator in lithiu
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35

Jang, Jung-Kyu, and Tae-Ho Kim. "Fabrication of Tri-Directional Poly(2,5-benzimidazole) Membrane Using Direct Casting for Vanadium Redox Flow Battery." Polymers 15, no. 17 (2023): 3577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15173577.

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In vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), simultaneously achieving high proton conductivity, low vanadium-ion permeability, and outstanding chemical stability using electrolyte membranes is a significant challenge. In this study, we report the fabrication of a tri-directional poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (T-ABPBI) membrane using a direct casting method. The direct-cast T-ABPBI (D-T-ABPBI) membrane was fabricated by modifying the microstructure of the membrane while retaining the chemical structure of ABPBI, having outstanding chemical stability. The D-T-ABPBI membrane exhibited lower crystallinity
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36

Alig, Benjamin N., Ramon D. Malheiros, and Kenneth E. Anderson. "Evaluation of Physical Egg Quality Parameters of Commercial Brown Laying Hens Housed in Five Production Systems." Animals 13, no. 4 (2023): 716. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040716.

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This study evaluates the effect of housing environment on the egg quality characteristics of brown egg layers as many different environments are currently used in the industry. Battery cages, barren colony cages, enriched colony cages, cage-free, and free-range environments were evaluated. Overall, all egg quality measurements were affected by housing environment (p < 0.01) except for vitelline membrane strength, elasticity, and egg solids. Eggshells and yolks were lightest in barren colony cages and darkest from free-range hens (p < 0.0001). Free-range eggs were heavier than eggs from a
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37

Yan, Xiaoming, Huaqing Zhang, Zhongyue Hu, et al. "Amphoteric-Side-Chain-Functionalized “Ether-Free” Poly(arylene piperidinium) Membrane for Advanced Redox Flow Battery." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11, no. 47 (2019): 44315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b15872.

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38

Navalpotro, Paula, Noemí Sierra, Carlos Trujillo, Iciar Montes, Jesus Palma, and Rebeca Marcilla. "Exploring the Versatility of Membrane-Free Battery Concept Using Different Combinations of Immiscible Redox Electrolytes." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10, no. 48 (2018): 41246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b11581.

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39

Navalpotro, Paula, Santiago E. Ibañez, Eduardo Pedraza, and Rebeca Marcilla. "A neutral pH aqueous biphasic system applied to both static and flow membrane-free battery." Energy Storage Materials 56 (February 2023): 403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2023.01.033.

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40

Asgedom, Yosef Nikodimos, Wei-Nien Su, and Bing Joe Hwang. "Novel Gel Polymer Electrolyte Preparation Method for Anode-Free Lithium Metal Battery." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 3 (2025): 194. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-013194mtgabs.

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Lithium metal batteries (LMBs), particularly anode-free lithium metal batteries (AF-LMBs), are considered a key technology for next-generation energy storage due to their exceptionally high energy density. However, significant challenges, such as dendritic lithium deposition, low Coulombic efficiency (CE), and electrolyte instability, have limited their commercial viability. This study presents a novel solution in the form of an electrospun gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) membrane integrated with a copper (Cu) foil collector. This composite, termed Cu@GPE, offers a dual-functional approach, acti
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41

Li, Zhen, I.-Chun Chen, Li Cao, Xiaowei Liu, Kuo-Wei Huang, and Zhiping Lai. "Lithium extraction from brine through a decoupled and membrane-free electrochemical cell design." Science 385, no. 6716 (2024): 1438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adg8487.

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The sustainability of lithium-based energy storage or conversion systems, e.g., lithium-ion batteries, can be enhanced by establishing methods of efficient lithium extraction from harsh brines. In this work, we describe a decoupled membrane-free electrochemical cell that cycles lithium ions between iron-phosphate electrodes and features cathode (brine) and anode (fresh water) compartments that are isolated from each other yet electrochemically connected through a pair of silver/silver-halide redox electrodes. This design is compatible with harsh brines having magnesium/lithium molar ratios of
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42

Xie, Guihui, Fujun Cui, Huimin Zhao, et al. "Free-standing COF nanofiber in ion conductive membrane to improve efficiency of vanadium redox flow battery." Journal of Membrane Science 708 (August 2024): 123052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2024.123052.

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43

Nikodimos, Yosef, Wei-Nien Su, and Bing-Joe Hwang. "Lithium Dendrite Growth Suppression in Anode-Free Lithium Battery Using Bifunctional Electrospun Gel Polymer Electrolyte Membrane." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 6 (2023): 998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-016998mtgabs.

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Anode free Li metal battery (AFLMB) are being intensively investigating in recent years as a means to achieve higher capacity when compared with standard Li metal batteries. However, the severe electrolyte decomposition during plating/stripping cycles, that causes fast Li dendrite growth and quick capacity fading, is challenging for its commercialization. Herein, poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene) polymer containing Li1.6Al0.4Mg0.1Ge1.5(PO4)3 ceramic filler (90:10 w% ratio, PVDF-HFP-10) gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is employed for the first time in AFLMB to suppress the Li dendrit
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44

Kang, Sora, Sang Sun Park, and Misook Kang. "Electrochemical Performance of a Thin Fabric ZnO Anodic Material in a Free Membrane Ni-Zn Battery." Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society 36, no. 9 (2015): 2394–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bkcs.10452.

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45

Zhang, Congli, Zeyu Geng, Ting Meng, et al. "Multi−Functional Gradient Fibrous Membranes Aiming at High Performance for Both Lithium–Sulfur and Zinc–Air Batteries." Electronics 12, no. 4 (2023): 885. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12040885.

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Lithium–sulfur batteries have been considered one of the most promising energy storage batteries in the future of flexible and wearable electronics. However, the shuttling of polysulfides, low sulfur utilization, and bad cycle stability restricted the widespread application of lithium–sulfur batteries. Currently, gradient materials with multiple functions can solve those defects simultaneously and can be applied to various parts of batteries. Herein, an electrospinningtriple−gradient Co−N−C/PVDF/PAN fibrous membrane was prepared and applied to lithium–sulfur batteries. The Co−N−C fibrous membr
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46

Thangadurai, Venkataraman, Oanh Hoang Nguyen, Muhammad Shoaib, and Prathap Iyapazham Vaigunda Suba. "(Invited) Redox Flow Batteries – Exploring Electrolyte Additives and Hybrid Organic/Inorganic Redox Pairs." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 1 (2024): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01187mtgabs.

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Renewable energy sources are intermittent and thus require provision to store the energy when available using energy storage devices. These energy storage devices should be safe, efficient, and have a long life cycle for use in grid-scale energy storage systems. Lead-acid, Li-ion, and Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs) are examples of such energy storage devices. Among these energy storage systems, RFBs have unique advantages that make them attractive for large-scale energy storage applications, like a high cycle life of about 10,000 cycles.[1] The current generation of commercial RFBs use vanadium s
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47

Donateo, Teresa, Antonio Ficarella, and Leonardo Lecce. "Preliminary design of a retrofitted ultralight aircraft with a hybrid electric fuel cell power system." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2716, no. 1 (2024): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2716/1/012017.

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Abstract Emission-free aerial propulsion can be achieved with a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC). In the present investigation, this potential is addressed by designing a hybrid electric power system with fuel cells for an ultralight aerial vehicle to be retrofitted from a conventional fossil-fuelled piston engine configuration. The proposed power system includes a fuel cell, a lithium battery, and a compressed hydrogen vessel. A procedure is proposed to find the size of these components that minimizes the total mass and satisfies the target of a size below 200L and uses performance
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48

Roberts, Edward, Mohammad Rahimi, Asghar Molaei Dehkordi, Fatemeh ShakeriHosseinabad, Maedeh Pahlevaninezhad, and Ashutosh Kumar Singh. "(Invited) Redox Flow Battery Innovation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 3 (2022): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-013483mtgabs.

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Flow battery innovations should offer significant improvements in performance, without compromising the durability / lifetime, and be cost-effective and scalable. The presentation will review some of the progress that has been made to enhance flow battery performance, and will discuss a number of recent innovations that aim to deliver these characteristics. These will include: Magnetic flowable electrodes applied in a polysulfide-iodide flow battery. Using flow through the current feeder to enhance mass transport and enable dendrite free zinc deposition in the zinc-iodide flow battery. Graphen
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49

Huang, Wei, Qingli Zou, and Yi‐Chun Lu. "Ion‐Selective Membrane‐Free Dual Sulfur‐Iodine Catholyte for Low‐Cost and High‐Power Flow Battery Applications." Batteries & Supercaps 2, no. 11 (2019): 941–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/batt.201900107.

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50

Dasarathan, Suriyakumar, Junghwan Sung, Jeong-Won Hong, et al. "Free-standing TiO2 nanograssy tubular hybrid membrane for polysulfide trapping in Li–S battery." RSC Advances 13, no. 12 (2023): 8299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra00349c.

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